how to write essay in malayalam pdf

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Find Good Malayalam Essay Topics to Write About

One of the major hurdles is that of finding essay topics in Malayalam language. Students often wonder if they can write about anything in this language the same way they do in English. But which are the easiest Malayalam essay topics to write about?

Since Malayalam is a language spoken mostly by individuals living in the Kerala region of India, it would be easy to write about the culture of these people. You can study their traditional beliefs, their ways of life, the food they eat, and many other things.

The secret is to find something interesting to write about. Once you find the topic, follow these tips below to write a high-quality paper that will get you a good grade. These tips will help you to increase your GPA, which is very critical in your career after graduation.

Table of Contents

Find Many essay topics in Malayalam language then Select One from Them

The best way to start writing an essay in Malayalam is to find numerous interesting topics. You cannot just find one topic and then settle on it at once because this may have consequences in the end. The problem with settling on one topic at once is that it may turn out to be interesting, but with limited information.

If you decide to study the Malayalam speaking people of Kerala, there are many things that you may wish to write about them. As already indicated above, you may design a topic that aims at studying their beliefs, food, and way of life.

Another topic that you may find interesting may be about the business culture of the people who speak the language. In this topic, you may decide to study their business beliefs, their practices, strategies they use, and how they form relationships with customers.

It would also be interesting to develop a topic that compares the culture of the Malayalam speaking people to that of others such as the English people or any other culture that strikes you. Such a topic would be rich with information.

The final step is to do some preliminary research to find out the topic that has sufficient information. Research each and every topic you have come up with so that it may be easy to select the best. These Malayalam essay writing tips are very valuable if you follow them to the letter. They will make your college life smooth and fun.

How to Write a Vishu essay in Malayalam

Assuming that you have chosen to write a Vishu essay in Malayalam, how would you write your paper? Since Vishu is already a famous festival that is known around the world, there is no doubt that the internet is rich with information about this topic.

It is the same as saying that you want to write about a Christmas essay in Malayalam. You will be spoilt with information about the traditions that led to the festival being formed, what it symbolizes, the activities that people do during this day, and the types of costumes that they wear during the celebration.

The first step in writing the paper is something that you already know. You need an introduction that informs the reader what you aim at achieving in the essay. Write it in a way that will make the reader to be enticed to read the whole paper. You may start by writing something unique about the Malayalam that is not common in other cultures. Such a point may strike the person who is reading and make him or her want to find out more fascinating things about the culture.

The next step is to write the body of your essay. You need to divide this part into sections so that each may cover a different idea. For example, one of the subtopics may be about the history of the Vishu festival. How did it begin? Who was involved in making this event a reality?

After coming up with subtopics, ensure that you write a fresh idea in every paragraph. This is the same way that you do with English essays. Each paragraph has to stand on its own so that you may not confuse the reader by mixing ideas. Research and write a thorough analysis or description of the event depending on the aim of your essay. Note that in Malayalam essay writing, you have to reference your work. This will add credibility to your research, and if you were writing the paper with the aim of getting a good grade, you will definitely achieve this objective.

How to Write a Malayalam Paper Conclusion and Format the Essay

Once you reach the conclusion, it is good to take a break. You may have had enough of all this information that you have found in books and journals. If you have time, a few hours break may be enough if you want to complete your paper the same day. Even fifteen or forty minutes may be enough to rest your mind.

The next step is to start reading the essay from the beginning. As you read, clarify the points that you did not explain in detail when writing the paper. since it is only a few minutes or hours after writing the essay, and you have all the references that you used, this should be easy. You can easily locate the source where you got the information, read, and then add a few details or edit what you wrote to make it better. you should do this for all paragraphs in the body of the assignment.

After this, start writing the conclusion. This should be very easy because you are not introducing any point. You are basically summarizing the work that you have written in the introduction and body of the essay. It is advisable to remind the reader the reason why you started writing the paper, and then give your findings and the final verdict. In the verdict, you may encourage people to learn more about the Malayalam people or state what you have concluded about the culture.

Once you have finalized the Malayalam essay on reading and writing, format the essay. Your professor must have informed you in the instructions about the formatting style to use. If this is not mentioned in the question, it should be indicated in the class notes.

If you were asked to use APA format, ensure that you have a title page with a running head, page numbers, and references at the end of the paper. Note that if there are images or links that you may want to attach in the essay, they should be attached as appendices. The last thing is to pass your essay through a grammar editing software to ensure that you have not missed out on any errors that may lead to potential loss of marks.

Malayalam Essay Sites Writing Guarantees

Sometimes, it may be impossible to write your essay no matter how much you try. Maybe you are learning the Malayalam language for the first time, and you fear that you have not captured the basics of the language. You may also not have enough time to write all the assignments that you have been given in class. In this case, seeking for help from Malayalam essay sites may be very helpful. It may save you from losing marks due to submitting papers late.

We are a reliable Malayalam paper writing service that will help with all your assignments. We will formulate the topic and write the paper on your behalf. Our guarantees include:

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Learn Malayalam Through English: A Complete Self-Study Guide For Beginners and Up

Learning the Malayalam language might not be easy, but it’s worthwhile: it will help you explore the beautiful state of Kerala, make Malayali friends, and enjoy some of India’s best movies and books.

If you already know how to learn Malayalam and want to cut to the chase and read our reviews and recommendations on Malayalam language resources, check out these posts:

Learn Malayalam on your own. Explore study plan tips, grammar, vocabulary, resources, and answers to Malayalam learning FAQs here. Start learning now!

Table of Contents

Since one of the hardest things about learning Malayalam is finding good resources, we’ve listed some great books, movies, novels, and other local media for intermediate and advanced Malayalam learners and provided tips for creating your own Malayalam study schedule.

So whether you’re moving to Kochi, planning a vacation, or simply want to speak to your Kerala-born partner in their native language, read on – we’re about to share everything you need to get started.

A Quick Introduction to the Malayalam Language

Malayalam: the mountain language. Its name literally translates to “mountain region,” although its reach extends far beyond Kerala’s eastern highlands.

You’ll hear it spoken across the entirety of the state of Kerala, from the coastal plains with their sandy beaches and rice paddies to rugged mountain landscapes with deep gorges, coffee and tea plantations, and wild forests.

Plus, it has official status in the Mahé municipality of Puducherry and the Lakshadweep island group. In fact, in Malayalam, Lakshadweep means “hundred thousand islands” – although Britannica puts the figure at around three dozen .

You’ll also overhear Malayalam in Tamil Nadu and Karnataka, alongside Tamil and Kannada , as well as in diaspora communities across India and the globe. Over 35 million people speak this language.

Athirappilly Falls, Pariyaram, Kerala. Credit: Rashi Raffi

It’s officially considered a Classical language of India , thanks to its long history of literary works. Early Malayalam literature is famed for the Pattu poetry movement, as well as erotic Manipravala poems that mix Sanskrit with Malayalam/Tamil. Meanwhile, the striking Kathakali theatrical dances represent Classical literature in a tradition that dates back centuries.

As a Dravidian language, Malayalam shares many features with other classical languages such as Tamil, Kannada, and Telugu, and has slightly less in common with languages such as Hindi and Urdu . It’s not entirely typical for a Dravidian language, however: you only conjugate verbs for tense, not person, number, or gender.

Several different dialects exist, reflecting regional, class, and caste differences. The formal, written language can also be significantly different from the Malayalam used in everyday speech.

There’s a tendency to respect written Malayalam more than its spoken counterpart. However, spoken Malayalam also boasts cultural richness. It’s the language of Mollywood movies, a thriving podcast scene, and catchy pop songs.

And, of course, it’s a living language: one that people utilize on a daily basis to catch up with family, make friends, go shopping, talk politics, scribble shopping lists and reminders, flirt, debate, advise, explain, and more. It’s constantly evolving and constantly in use.

Shopping at the market in Kerala. Credit: Ranjan Prabhat

How Difficult is Malayalam?

Malayalam has a reputation for being a difficult language to learn, particularly because of its long words and at times tricky pronunciation, such as the zh in words like pazham and mazha .

Yet don’t let that put you off learning this musical language. After all, no language is easy. And when you focus on your achievements instead of the challenges, you’ll find learning Malayalam doesn’t seem quite so much of a struggle.

Successful language learning often comes down to staying motivated, not picking an “easier” language. So, break down your Malayalam learning into small goals and celebrate your successes. For example, you could aim to have a five-minute conversation, then a twenty-minute one, and then an hour-long one.

And remember, it doesn’t matter how long it takes you to learn Malayalam. All that matters is that you’re working toward your goals.

Tea gardens in Munnar, Western Ghats, Kerala. Credit: Vivek Kumar

How to Learn Malayalam

Apart from online classes, courses, apps, podcasts, and YouTube channels, there’s an abundance of local resources that could help supplement and advance your Malayalam language learning. We’ll look at a large range of textbooks, movies, and other local resources in this article. You can also try:

• Writing a journal
• Keeping a voice diary by recording yourself speaking in Malayalam every day (remember, nobody has to listen to it – not even you)
• Labeling things around your home in Malayalam
• Following Malayalam bloggers, influencers, and hashtags on social media
• Setting your phone, search engines, and social media accounts to Malayalam
• Speaking to yourself in Malayalam
• Writing shopping and to-do lists in Malayalam
• Joining Malayalam-language forums and Facebook groups
• Writing short stories or poetry
• Starting a Malayalam-language blog

Don’t make the mistake of trying to do everything, though. Not only will you risk exhausting yourself and resenting your studies, but that won’t be an effective use of your time. Instead, ask yourself these three questions:

Why Are You Learning Malayalam?

Is it because you want to travel through Kerala? Move there? Watch Mollywood? Speak with your Malayali partner in their native language? Stay in touch with an old friend who’s moved back to Thiruvananthapuram? Do business with a company in Kochi?

Whatever your motivations are, they should direct your language studies. If you want to travel, you’ll need more hotel-related vocabulary than if you want to ask your partner about their day. When WhatsApping a friend, you can be more casual than with a client. And if you’re a Mollywood fan, you’ll need to work on your listening more than your speaking.

A Kathakali performance in Kochi. Credit: Mayur Nair

How Much Time Do You Have to Study Malayalam?

Some people can dedicate a couple of hours a day to studying a language. Others barely have 20 minutes spare, between work, university, family, the gym, and friends.

Speaking Malayalam is something you’ll benefit from throughout your entire life. So, it doesn’t matter if it takes you a little longer to learn it. Be realistic about how much time you can spend studying without becoming overwhelmed, demotivated, or simply exhausted .

Short, frequent study sessions are better than long weekly ones. Try to study more days than you take off, but don’t get stressed out if you’re studying less than you would like. What matters is that you’re keeping at it – not how many hours of language study you rack up.

That said, how much time you have to study will determine the best methods for you, as well as how many different activities you can take on. Speaking of which…

Kuttanad, Kerala. Credit: Thanuj Mathew

How Do You Learn Best?

Some people like to learn from a textbook. Others prefer apps, writing, or language exchanges.

Most people will likely learn best with one core activity or resource and a few supplementary ones. It’s easier to stay focused and motivated when you have that routine and structure. However, be careful not to neglect any of the key language skills: speaking, listening, writing, and reading.

The best resource for you might depend on where you are with your Malayalam studies. As a beginner learner, you could prefer a course or gamified app. When you reach the intermediate level, you might like to work with a teacher who creates their own learning materials.

So, try out a few different resources from this article to find out what works best for you. And if you find yourself getting into a rut, revisit the list – maybe it’s time to try something different or go back to a resource that was too challenging the first time around.

Kerala Backwaters. Credit: Dexter Fernandes

After all, everyone’s different. There’s no point in us telling you how we prefer to study, because chances are, that won’t work for you. Yet once you’ve worked out these three things – your goals, how much time you have, and how you like to study – you can create an effective, personalized study plan that will keep you on track and motivated.

What’s the Best Way to Learn Malayalam?

Learning Malayalam, like any language, requires a structured and consistent approach. If possible, try enrolling in Malayalam language courses, either online or at a local institution. Courses provide a structured curriculum covering grammar, vocabulary, and cultural aspects, while providing individualized guidance, correct pronunciation, and cater to your specific learning needs. 

There is also a range of online forums, social media groups, or local meet-ups you might be able to join, in which people are learning Malayalam. Engaging with a community of learners and speakers can provide valuable support and practice opportunities.

What’s the Easiest Way to Learn Malayalam?

The easiest way to learn Malayalam is to do as many of your daily tasks in the language as possible, helping you to get full immersion in the language. Some of the things you might try are:

• Writing a journal or blog: Writing a journal enhances language learning by reinforcing vocabulary, grammar, and sentence structure. It promotes active engagement with the language, encourages self-expression, and provides a tangible record of progress over time.
• Following Malayalam bloggers, influencers, and hashtags on social media: This will give you a lot of Malayalam in your feed and give you a chance to practice your skills while scrolling.
• Writing shopping and to-do lists in Malayalam: To help you practice basic food and routine vocabulary
• Writing short stories or poetry: Don’t worry about similes, metaphors, rhymes, or anything else you learned in English class. Just writing in Malayalam to keep your writing skills on point.

How Long Does it Take to Learn Malayalam?

The Foreign Service Institute calls Malayalam a Category 4 language, meaning it takes around 2200 hours of learning to gain proficiency. 

However, if you speak other Dravidic languages (South Dravidian, Tamil, Kannada) then it may not take as long as there will be a lot of commonalities between them. Malayalam also has a lot of loanwords. Most of these come from Sanskrit, but there are also loan words from European languages such as English and Portuguese which may help you to retain vocabulary and learn a little bit faster.

How to Learn Malayalam Fast

Engage in language exchange programs or find language exchange partners online. Practicing with native Malayalam speakers is a valuable way to improve your conversational skills quickly. You can also consider joining online forums, social media groups, or local meet-ups where people are learning Malayalam. Engaging with a community of learners and speakers can provide valuable support and practice opportunities.

You can also immerse yourself in the Malayalam language by indulging in Malayalam movies, and TV shows, or tuning in to Malayalam music. Exposure to genuine content helps your pronunciation, understanding of grammar patterns, and understanding of what is happening in India.

How to Speak Malayalam

There is a significant correlation between written and spoken Malayalam, although informal speech often deviates from the standardized written forms.

Two key points to remember about the Malayalam script (so you can speak straight from your textbook) are: 

• Where a word begins with a vowel, you must use its initial vowel form. In the middle of a word, a vowel must be represented by its dependent vowel form. 
• Consonants always have an “a” sound unless they are marked with a different dependent vowel or “cut off” with the distinctive crescent sign.

Additional Resources for Learning Malayalam

Malayalam learning apps, lessons, or courses all work really well as main language learning resources. However, you should try surrounding yourself with other resources as you learn. Malayalam books, TV, movies, news, and music are great ways to expose yourself to how Malayalam is used in different registers.

Malayalam Textbooks and Reference Books

Textbooks can give your studies structure and break down topics into manageable chunks. What’s more, they typically include a variety of exercises. However, you’ll probably want to pair the textbook with language exchanges or classes so you can get enough speaking practice.

Unfortunately, while there are several Malayalam textbooks available, there are more misses than hits.

Don’t make the mistake of purchasing Learn Malyalam in 30 Days Through English by Krishna Gopal Vikal. This author has published similar textbooks for numerous textbooks, and most of them suffer from the same issues: poor print quality, bad structure, and errors. Perhaps it’s not surprising: he also published a book, Increase Your Height, that promises to help you gain 4–10 cm of stature through 15 minutes of exercise a day.

In our opinion, Learn to Speak Malayalam: Speak Malayalam language in a week lacks sufficient explanations. At times, it also suffers from confusing English phrasing. For example, “you are welcome” comes under the heading of greetings. If we had to guess, we would assume that it just means “Welcome!” as opposed to the standard English definition of a polite response to “thank you.”

Drilling Malayalam grammar with textbooks.

Malayalam Fiction Books

Modern-day Malayalam literature is hard-hitting and often touches on social issues. Start with some of these novels:

The magic realist  Khasakkinte Itihasam by O. V. Vijayan is a much-loved Malayalam novel about a young man’s guilt and the natural world. Don’t be tempted by the English translation, The Legends of Khasak: it departs drastically from the original.

Vaikom Muhammad Basheer’s  Mathilukal is another classic. It tells the story of a prisoner who falls in love with a woman he cannot see. You can also watch the movie .

The 2008 novel  Aadujeevitham by Benyamin resonated so strongly with Malayalis that it has already been reprinted over 50 times . It tells the story of a man who is trapped and enslaved after moving from Kerala to Saudi Arabia in search of work, and his attempt to escape.

K. R. Meera’s award-winning  Aarachar explores caste, capital punishment, and women’s rights in this story of a hangwoman. It’s a dark and powerful novel.

Checking books out of the library.

Malayalam Movies and TV

Ready to challenge your listening comprehension with Malayalam-language movies and TV? You’re in for a treat: Mollywood, aka Malayalam cinema, is one of the most popular in India and for good reason.

Even so, we would recommend easing into watching Malayalam movies and series with children’s videos. You can find plenty on YouTube. Pebbles Live has a Malayalam Stories playlist . (It also has some hour-long videos on learning Malayalam through English, but we’re not convinced by the structure or effectiveness of them.) Malayalam Fairy Tales , MagicBox Malayalam , and Malayalam Kids have plenty to choose from, too.

When you’re ready for movies designed for adults, give Ustad Hotel a go. It’s the story of a young chef torn between his professional ambitions and his troubled relationship with his father.

Speaking of cooking, The Great Indian Kitchen explores gender roles within the family. It was an immediate success – and conversation starter – on its release in 2021, with viewers describing it as raw, beautiful, and real.

If you like crime dramas, try the slow-burning Drishyam . It proved so popular that it was reshot in six other languages shortly after the launch.

Want something that will make you good about the world? Adaminte Makan Abu looks at the sacrifices an elderly Muslim couple in Kerala make to perform the Hajj. Viewers praised its touching depiction of humanity, and it won numerous awards.

For something more traditionally feel-good, watch Bangalore Days . It tells the story of three twenty-something cousins who reunite after one of them gets married.

Premam won viewers over with an age-old story: that of a young man looking for love. Expect plenty of humor along the way.

Netflix and study with Malayalam movies.

Music, News, and Other Resources for Learning Malayalam

Music won’t replace flashcards and courses, but it’s a great way to further immerse yourself in the Malayalam language and even pick up some new words and phrases. Just make sure you know exactly what they mean before you try them out, otherwise, you could accidentally sound corny, overly poetic, or offensive.

Spotify has an official Latest Malayalam playlist. There are also lots of user-made ones, such as Malayalam Sad Songs , Malayalam Hot Hits , and Malayalam Love Songs . If you don’t want to use Spotify, Radio Mango caters to Malayalis and has been running since 2007. You can listen to it online.

Do you read the news most days? Try reading it in Malayalam. This will introduce you to new vocabulary and keep you up to date on what’s happening in Kerala – along with how that affects you. Plus, you’ll always have a good conversation starter.

Of course, each news site has its own editorial slant, not to mention writing style. Try a few out to see which you get on best with. Here are a few options:

• Manorama Online
• Mathrubhumi
• Malayalam News Daily
• Indian Express

As you read the news and listen to music, you’re bound to come across words you don’t know. We’ve already mentioned the Readlang Google Chrome plugin that will translate words and add them to flashcard decks for you. You can also use Malayalam English Dictionary and Olam dictionary . And if in doubt, look up the word’s pronunciation on Forvo .

Kozhikode, Kerala. Credit: Arun Geetha Viswanathan

Don’t let Malayalam’s reputation for being a difficult language put you off. Once you start, you’ll find there are many great resources that will help you in your journey to becoming a fluent speaker.

And when you’re able to follow Mollywood movies, read the untranslated version of Aadujeevitham, and make your Malayali friends laugh at your jokes, you’ll realize that this beautiful language is worth the effort.

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If you found this article useful, you might also like:

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• Learning Malayalam: A Complete Self-Study Guide

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The Simplified Malayalam Script

2021, The Simplified Malayalam Script

The Malayalam language is spoken by 38 million people as their mother tongue and is the official language of Kerala and the Lakshadweep Islands. It has a significant number of speakers across the Middle-East. The script used for writing Malayalam is known as the Malayalam script, which is a Southern Brahmic script. The writing system underwent various reforms over the years and became the tool of literacy in Kerala. However, challenges exist with the current setup, which requires attention from scholars and the government. This paper attempts to adopt a simplified version of the Malayalam script which is prevalent in the Pacha Malayalam Movement, adjusting it to the needs of Modern Malayalam language.

Related Papers

Grapholinguistics and its applicatiions

Kavya Manohar

Malayalam is a language spoken in India, predominantly in the state of Kerala with about 38 million native speakers. The Malayalam script evolved from Brahmi through Grantha alphabet and Vattezhuthu writing systems. The script orthography has acquired its uniqueness with its complex shaped ligatures formed by the combination of consonants and vowel sign forms. The number of unique graphemes in this system exceeds 1,200. The orthographic styles were constantly evolving. In 1971 there was a Governmental intervention in the orthography, to reduce its complexity and to address the difficulties in typesetting and printing. This paper is an attempt to explore the impact of this orthographic reforms on various aspects of script usage including popular culture, media, textbooks, graffiti and handwriting. We will also analyse the impact of Unicode and the advancement in digital typography on the orthographic diversity of Malayalam script.

Haowen Jiang

This is the term paper I wrote for the Field Methods course at Rice University back in 2010. Some information in it might be wrong or misguided given the limited time and knowledge I had to write it. But the transcribed text might be useful to those working on Dravidian languages. So it deserves to be archived here.

SSRN Electronic Journal

Anand Manikutty

This paper proposes a new system of diacritics for the Tamil language. The idea is simple: introduce a set of diacritic marks which would allow for Tamil to have all the consonants that Devanagari has. This could be used, for instance, to write the names of Yoga poses and the names of medicines. [1] Per a comment by Prof. George Hart, this system could be used to list the numerous names of Ganesha.

athira pushpamgathan

Malayalam, as a language has a history of many years. It is spoken by 38 million people across the world. The language was separated from Tamil and it is mostly spoken in Kerala, the coastal side of south India. After the British colonisation, the language underwent a lot of changes. This paper discusses the code-switching, code borrowing and the overall linguistic transformation that happened in the Malayalam language. Many words are borrowed and efficiently used by Malayalam speakers. There are many suffixes and affixes added to the Malayalam language. People use these words even without thinking about the actual word that should be used in their respective language. Therefore the paper focuses to know and understand the predominant changes and how the language underwent these changes?

Proc. 15th World Tamil Internet Conference

Ramakrishnan Angarai Ganesan

This paper objectively analyzes the pros and cons of any type of script change for Tamil, from an engineering and pragmatic viewpoint, rather than linguistic or aesthetic. All the thousands of books available in Tamil need to be changed to the new script form and reprinted. The enormous effort that researchers put in for the past almost two decades in coming out with a reasonably good working version of OCR (printed text recognizing software) will become a waste instantly. Even assuming the proposed changes really makes it slightly easy for the future generation to learn the script, the current generation, especially the senior people, will find it difficult to read the same. With 70-million first language speakers in Tamil, and assuming each has a minimum of 15 books, a total of about a billion Tamil books need to be reprinted, including all the books in the various libraries in Malaysia, Singapore, Sri Lanka and Tamil Nadu. Assuming an average of 100 pages per book, this works out to 100 billion pages, which will destroy about a billion trees from the world, leading to huge deforestation of roughly 14, 30,000 acres of forest land. Further, after nearly two decades of struggle, only now, the Tamil community has succeeded to get a few Unicode fonts on Windows and Linux. If there is even a minor change in the script, then all these fonts ought to be redesigned again, and with our Governments least committed to even strictly demand Tamilnet99 keyboard compatibility from software developers and complete support to our languages by companies such as Adobe on readable pdf files, etc., these redesigns are not going to happen immediately, thus taking Tamil back in information technology by at least a decade.

Proceedings of the 1st Amrita ACM-W Celebration on Women in Computing in India - A2CWiC '10

Santhosh Kumar

P Sreekumar

The grammar of a language generally prescribes or describes the essential and the observable system of the language. The art and craft of writing and the scientific studies on grammar is known as grammaticography. For a decade, grammaticography has been emerging as a major field in linguistics (Lehmann and Maslova 2004; Ameka, Dench et al. 2006; Payne and Weber 2006; Nordhoff 2012). Reflecting upon the new trends in grammaticography, an attempt has been made in this paper to review the grammaticography of Malayalam based on Kēraḷa Pāṇiṉīyam (henceforth KP). KP is the longstanding monolingual grammar of Malayalam written by A. R. Rajarajavarma (1863-1918). It is prescriptive in objective, descriptive in method. It is a synthesis of Indian grammatical tradition and western linguistics (Rajarajavarma 2005 [1896, 1917], Ezhuthachan 2008). The goal of KP is pedagogic, written in kārika-vṛǝtti style for the native speaker specifically for graduate students. In addition to the prescription of the right and wrongs in the usage of Malayalam, KP describes the structure of Malayalam in reference to the then available knowledge of Sanskrit and Tamil grammatical tradition and modern linguistics. This paper observes that in addition to the description of standard Malayalam KP is progressively forwarding towards the linguistic explanation which seldom observed in grammar. The first part of the paper discusses the typology of prescription, description and explanation of language in relation to Malayalam grammaticography. Descriptive nature of KP is discussed in second part followed by the discussion on the main argument of the explanatory nature of KP. By accounting and discussing the selected linguistic explanations in KP, the paper argues that KP has exceptionally enhanced from the art and craft of grammaticography towards the scientific terrain of explanatory linguistic. Selected References Ameka, Felix, Alan Dench and Nicholas Evans, Eds. (2006). Catching Language: The Standing Challenge of Grammar-Writing. Berlin, Mouton de Gruyter. Ezhuthachan, K. N. 2008. The History of the Grammatical Theories in Malayalam. Thiruvananthapuram: International School of Dravidian Linguistics. Lehmann, Christian and Elena Maslova (2004). 'Grammaticography.' In Geert Booij, Christian Lehmann, Joachim Mugdan and Stavros Skopeteas, Eds. Morphology: An International Handbook on Inflection and Word-Formation. Berlin, Walter de Gruyter: 1857-1882. Nordhoff, Sebastian, Ed. (2012). Electronic Grammaticography. Language Documentation and Conservation Special Publication No. 4. Payne, Thomas E. and David J. Weber, Eds. (2006). Perspectives on Grammar Writing, Studies in Language 30.2 Rajaraja Varma, A. R. 2005 [1896, 1917]. Kēraḷa Pāṇiṉīyam. Kottayam: DC Books.

Rajendran Sankaravelayuthan

Malayalam has initiated its technological development well in advance. It has made use of all the opportunities given to it for making it suitable for digitalization and computerization. The references listed below stand to establish its efforts in fulfilling the need of the day i.e. technological development. Governments, both state and central, funded liberally for the technological development of Tamil. This helped it to develop MT systems, wordNet and other NLP systems. Private organizations also contributed for this mission. Many individuals, both from inside and abroad, literally worked for Tamil computing. The organizations such as CIIL, Mysore, Kerala University, Amrita University, CDAC-Trivandrum need to be appreciated for their efforts in uplifting Malayalam in the era of Information Technology. Malayalam is now prepared for the full-fledged digitalization as visualized by the central government. Of course there still many unfinished works. For example MT systems are yet to me modified to make it suitable for the general users. Malayalam WordNet is to expanded or augmented to make it at par with European languages. There are many problems with the Unicode slots allotted for Malayalam. Malayalam need more slots for proper grammatical analysis. Still scholars convert Malayalam into roman and then into Malayalam after grammatical analysis. WX transliteration system adopted for inputting Malayalam is notoriously bad. This problem has to be solved. Many computational tools developed so far have to be made available as open source. The language resources such as text corpus, speech corpus, parallel corpus, etc. have to share and made available to the general users. Cloud sourcing can be encouraged to minimize the efforts. Repetition of works need to be avoided. Resources available to one have to be shared with others. There should be combined efforts for the technological development of Malayalam.

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The Malayalam Script

All writing systems in India are based on the Brahmi script, the first evidence of which is the group of inscriptions by King Ashoka in the third century BCE. Malayalam has been written in several scripts, including Brahmi, Vatteluttu, Grantha, and modern Malayalam scripts beginning in roughly the ninth century CE.

For English speakers, the Malayalam writing system, or script, may look intimidating. It’s not really. It works a little differently and requires some memorization, but the script is  phonetic , meaning that you say it as you write it (mostly!), and  syllabic , meaning that it’s based on an alphabet and the syllables you can make with an alphabet. With some hard work, you can learn the script within a week and never look back.

There are four types of letters or syllables in Malayalam: initial vowels, consonants, dependent vowels added to consonants, and combining consonants for conjunct sounds. That means there are three tricky parts about learning the Malayalam script for English readers.  1) If a vowel begins a word, you must use its initial vowel  form.  When a vowel occurs in the middle of a word, you must use its  dependent vowel  form. 2) Consonants always have an inherent a-sound, unless they are marked with a different dependent vowel or “cut off” with the special sign that looks like small crescent, for example ത് ല്, or other marker. 3) For some clusters of consonants (str, pl, kr, ty, etc.) you will have to recognize and use a few special combining consonant forms. This guide covers the modern or reformed Malayalam script, established in the 1970s to facilitate typing and computer entry.

Let’s learn the initial vowels first. The chart below is also the alphabetical order for Malayalam vowels. Rounded letters are characteristic of most South Indian language scripts and you will gradually get used to writing with lots of curves. The Roman letter equivalents indicate that most vowels have both a short and a long version. Click each letter below to see a clip showing how each should be written by hand.

Next we come to the consonants. The full chart of consonants (also in alphabetical order) below is organized according to where in the mouth a letter is pronounced (from back to front in the rows) and the addition of aspiration, voicing, or nasalization (from left to right in the columns). Please consult the pronunciation guides for details. For now, first study the chart below to get an overview of all the consonants. Remember that all consonants have an inherent a-sound (short a) without any additional marker. Next, see how each consonant is formed in handwriting by clicking each. All the basic consonants should be formed in a single sequence of curved movements, i.e. your pen should not leave the paper—one complex motion.

To put consonants and vowels together, you need to use dependent vowels. To change the inherent a-sound of a consonant, you add a dependent vowel marker to indicate the new vowel. In the modern Malayalam script described here, all these markers stand apart from the consonant, usually to the right side of the consonant but sometimes on both sides (for ഒ ഓ ഐ and ഔ). (In the old script, some dependent vowels were joined directly to the consonant.)

See below how each dependent vowel connects to the letter ക:

The same dependent vowel markers are used with all basic consonants and the consonant clusters described below. The best way to learn the Malayalam script is to write all the basic consonants with all the dependent vowels over and over again. Try to write each group in a single line on the page. Something like this:

ക കാ കി കീ കു കൂ കൃ കെ കേ കൈ കൊ കോ കൗ ഖ ഖാ ഖി ഖീ ഖു ഖൂ ഖൃ ഖെ ഖേ ഖൈ ഖൊ ഖോ ഖൗ ഗ ഗാ ഗി ഗീ ഗു ഗൂ ഗൃ ഗെ ഗേ ഗൈ ഗൊ ഗോ ഗൗ

Do this twice a day for a week and you will be unable to forget these letters, especially if you pronounce each one as you go. Notice that some initial vowels and several dependent vowels extend below or above the imaginary lines within which each letter is written.

Many Malayalam words end in a special type of vowel that we will call the echo vowel (also called a schwa). Think of it as a kind of half-u vowel sound, a special dependent vowel. Echo vowel has no initial form. It is indicated by a small crescent high and to the right of a basic consonant (്). At the end of a word (where it most frequently occurs), the echo vowel is just another vowel sound.

However, the modern Malayalam script also uses the same symbol to cut off the inherent final a-sound in a consonant. As a general rule of thumb, if the echo vowel is at the end of a word, you can treat it as a half-u vowel sound; if it’s in the middle of a word, it cuts off the a-sound and creates a consonant cluster . Some simple examples with transliteration should illustrate the difference.

ത് (tǔ) as in അത് (atǔ) “that one” ട് (ṭǔ) as in നാട് (nāṭǔ) “country, region” ത്പ (tpa) as in ഉത്പത്തി (utpatti) “origin” ഷ്ട (ṣṭa) as in കഷ്ടം (kaṣṭaṃ) “trouble, problem”

There is another way to cut off the inherent a-sound in a consonant. In Malayalam, it’s called a cillakṣaraṃ , or cillǔ letter. For common words that end in a consonant, a line is drawn vertically to indicate that the a-sound is cut off. In principle, the echo vowel does the same thing, but in practice it’s better to treat echo vowel as a vowel. When words end with one of the following consonants, the cillǔ letter is required. They can also be used in the middle of words with the same effect. While related, therefore, the echo vowel and a cillǔ marker are not the same.

ണ → ൺ (ṇ) ന → ൻ (n) ര/റ → ർ (r) ത/ല → ൽ (t/l) ള → ൾ (ḷ) ക → ൿ (k)

Other consonants do not have cillǔ forms. Those all use the echo vowel marker to create a final consonant, though the half-u sound is often still pronounced.

ഷ് (ṣ) as in മാഷ് (māṣ) “teacher” ഡ് (ḍ) as in ഡേവിഡ് (ḍēviḍ) “David” (name) സ് (s) as in മനസ്സ് (manassǔ) “mind, heart” ങ് (ṅ) as in തെങ്ങ് (teṅṅǔ) “coconut tree”

The use of echo vowel and cillǔ letters is very common and you will pick up how to use each correctly with a little practice.

Many Malayalam words are spelled with doubled consonants, two of the same consonant written together into one syllable. Doubled consonants are written both horizontally and vertically. The second consonant in the cluster often uses a shortened form of the full consonant. Notice particularly the small triangle shape that doubles the letters ച യ and വ. Since doubled consonants occur frequently, you should get comfortable with these combining forms. Letters from the  ക and ങ (nasals) columns (not rows) above frequently double; other letters may double, but more rarely. Here are the most common doubled consonants.

Finally, many Malayalam words combine more than one consonant together into a conjunct or cluster. Usually, a conjunct combines two consonants by joining them horizontally at a common stroke or by using the echo vowel marker on the first. You shouldn’t have to memorize every possible cluster, because the methods or patterns of combining consonants are limited. Notice the patterns in some of the more common conjunct consonants:

Some n-sounds are tricky in how they combine with other consonants.

The remaining conjunct consonants often use the echo vowel marker to make conjuncts. Traditionally, these conjuncts would have been written vertically, with the second letter below the first. You will see both.

Finally, a few special combining consonant markers for the semivowels (യ ര/റ ല and വ) are used to make the writing less cluttered. These frequent combining forms are simplified or stylized versions of the regular consonant. These are the dependent semivowels .

ത് + യ = ത്യ വ് + ര = പ്ര പ് + ല = പ്ല സ് + വ = സ്വ

Once you have mastered the basic consonants and common conjuncts above, you will easily recognize other conjuncts that occur.

Here are a few of the most common mistakes made by people learning to read and write Malayalam.

• Be careful with the dependent versions of ഇ and ഈ below when handwriting. Unless they are clearly written higher than the top of the consonant, they can be confused with the dependent ആ marker. Example: പി vs. പാ.
• The letters പ and വ can be confused. Make sure the initial stroke in പ is small, less than halfway up the final vertical stroke. The top of the initial curved stroke in വ should be even with the top of the final vertical stroke.
• The letters സ and ഡ can be confused, because they are mirrored inversions of each other.
• The dependent vowel  ൃ (from initial ഋ) can easily be confused with the dependent semivowel marker for യ. Remember to close the final curve on the bottom of dependent ഋ. Example: തൃ vs. ത്യ.
• the lower elements of the initial vowels ā, i, ī, u, ū, e, ē, and ai should extend below the line; examples: ഇ ആ ഉ ഏ.
• the dependent u, ū and ṛ vowel markers ( ു  ൂ and ൃ) and all the dependent semivowels (യ ര ല and വ from the previous section) should extend below the line; examples: വു സൂ കൃ വ്യോ ഗ്രു ശ്ലോ and ശ്വ.
• the dependent i, ī, and echo vowel markers should be clearly written above the line:  ി  ീ and  ്; examples: പ്രി ടീ ത്.
• the cillǔ marker should extend above the line. examples: ൻ ൾ.

To put all these syllables together, you simply write each letter/syllable one after the other to form words, left to right.

മ + ക + ൻ = മകൻ “son” പ + ട്ടി = പട്ടി “dog” പോ + കാ +  ം  = പോകാം “let’s go”

In general, to write a Malayalam sentence you just put words together with a space in between each word. However, you will quickly see that Malayalam, like many Indic languages, often makes use of sandhi , joining words together in a composite written form and even sometimes modifying a word’s spelling to make it easier to say—something like the contraction from “cannot” to “can’t” or from “what do you” to “whadya” / “whaccha.” These contractions or joinings occur much more frequently than in English. Unfortunately, they are also not applied consistently in all written Malayalam. For now, we give some simple sentences with each word spaced and some very simple examples of sandhi .

With spaces ഞാൻ വീട്ടിൽ പോകുന്നു. “I am going home.” വെള്ളം തരൂ. “Please give me some water.” എനിക്ക് പഠിക്കാൻ വയ്യ. “I don’t feel like studying.” ചെച്ചി എവിടെ പോയി? “Where did elder sister go?” With simple sandhi അത് ആണ്. → അതാണ്. “That’s it.” (consonant-vowel) നിങ്ങൾക്ക് ഉണ്ടോ? → നിങ്ങൾക്കുണ്ടോ? “Do you have it/any?” (consonant-vowel) അനിയത്തി എടുത്തു? → അനിയത്തിയെടുത്തു. “Younger sister took it.” (vowel-vowel)

"The Malayalam Script" created by Donald R. Davis, Jr. , University of Texas at Austin.

All resources on this site are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License .

Funded by a grant (P017A200040) from the U.S. Department of Education’s  International and Research Studies  program, with additional support from the  South Asia Institute , University of Texas at Austin.

Here is How to Write an Excellent Essay in Malayalam!

Malayalam is a major Indian language spoken widely in South India, more specifically Kerala. The people of this state are famously known as Keralaites or Malayalam’s. When you set out to write an essay in Malayalam, it is better to focus on the life in Kerala and center your essay on some of the most interesting facts pertaining to the region to which this ancient language belongs to. In short, you can write an excellent essay in Malayalam by including some of the key facts and unique knowledge related to the area where Malayalam belongs to. Here are some of those:

1- Location:

Kerala is located on the western coast of India. It features vast areas of coconut trees as well as beaches and plantations of rubber. The official language is Malayalam.

2- Agriculture of the area:

When writing an essay in Malayalam, you can talk about the agriculture of Kerala too. They depend on agriculture to some extent since the soil is very fertile. The soil residue is even used for construction purposes i.e. building houses and walls when turned into bricks.

3- Culture:

The art and majestic culture of the Malayalam region could also be highlighted in an essay. Kathakali and Mohiniattam are traditional dance forms that have been practiced here since thousands of areas. These dance forms involve painting the faces of the dancers which is a very strenuous process and requires groups of people to do so at any given time.

4- Malayalam Language:

Malayalam language in and of itself can be an interesting topic too, for an essay. Here you can talk about the origin and history of this language, also how it has been influenced by the other Dravidian languages. Many researchers have established that Tamil is the father language for all the other south Indian languages, while others have contended against it. You can give an analysis of the various theories present around this subject and give your opinion too.

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Malayalam Essay Writing for Every Malayalam Student

University life is not only fun for students who have to learn some subjects in English and then in Malayalam. The student has to put on different shoes to write these papers because of the differences between the two languages. At first glance, it may seem easy to write these essays and until you get the assignments, you will never know the difficulties you will face.

One of the biggest hurdles is finding essay topics in Malayalam. Students often wonder if they can write about something in Malayalam like they do in English. But what are the easiest topics to write about in Malayalam?

Since Malayalam is a language mainly spoken by the people of the Kerala region of India, it would be easy to write about the culture of these people. You can discover their traditional beliefs, their way of life, their food and much more.

The secret is to find something interesting to write about. Once you find a topic, follow these tips to write a good quality article that will earn you a good grade. These tips will help you improve your grade point average, which is very important for your career after graduation.

Find many essay topics in Malayalam and then pick one.

The best way to start writing an essay in Malayalam is to find many interesting topics. You can’t just find one topic and solve it all at once, because that can end up having consequences. The problem with one topic at a time is that while it may be interesting, it contains little information.

If you decide to study Malayalam, the language of Kerala, there are many things you may want to write about. As mentioned above, you can develop a topic to explore their beliefs, diet and lifestyle.

Another topic that may be of interest to you is the business culture of the people who speak the language. In this section, you may choose to examine their business beliefs and practices, the strategies they use, and the way they build relationships with customers.

It would also be interesting to develop a topic comparing Malayalam culture with that of other peoples, such as English or any other culture you can think of. Such a topic would be information rich.

The last step is the preliminary research to find the topic for which there is enough information. Research all the topics that come to mind so that you can easily choose the best one. These Malayalam writing tips are very valuable if you follow them while writing. They will make your life at university enjoyable and exciting.

Here is how to write an essay on Vishu in Malayalam.

Suppose you decide to write an essay of Vishu on Malayalam, how would you write your essay? Since Vishu is already a famous festival known all over the world, the Internet is undoubtedly rich with information on the subject.

This is the same as saying you want to write an essay about Malayalam Christmas. You will find out a lot about the traditions that led to the birth of the festival, what it symbolizes, the activities people do during the day and the kind of costumes they wear during the festival.

The first step in writing an article is what you already know. You need an introduction that tells the reader what you are trying to accomplish with the essay. Write it in a way that encourages the reader to read the whole article. You can start by writing something unique about Malayalam that is not typical of other cultures. Such a point can impress the reader and make him or her want to know more fascinating things about the culture.

The next step is to write the text of your essay. You should divide it into sections so that each section covers different ideas. For example, one of the subtopics could be the history of the Vishu festival. How did it get started? Who was involved in making it?

Once you have found a subtopic, make sure you write a new idea in each paragraph. This is the same thing you do with English essays. Each paragraph should stand alone so that the reader is not confused by conflicting ideas. Research and write an in-depth analysis or description of an event, depending on the purpose of your essay. If you are writing an essay in Malayalam, remember to refer to your work. This gives credibility to your research, and if you wrote your essay with the goal of getting a good grade, you will certainly achieve this goal.

How to write a conclusion in Malayalam and how to format the essay.

When you have come to a conclusion, it is good to take a break. Perhaps you have had enough of all the information you have found in books and newspapers. If you have the time, a few hours’ break may be enough if you want to get your work done that day. Even fifteen or forty minutes may be enough to quiet your mind.

The next step is to read the essay from the beginning. While reading, clarify any points that you did not explain in detail when writing the essay. Since only a few minutes or hours have passed since you wrote your essay and you have all the references you used, this should be easy. You can easily find the source you got the information from, read it, and then add details or change what you wrote to make it better. You should do this for all paragraphs in the body of the assignment.

Next, begin writing the conclusion. This should be very simple because you are not introducing a paragraph. Basically, you are summarizing the work you wrote in the introduction and the main body of the essay. It is advisable to remind the reader why you started writing the essay, and then formulate your conclusions and give your final verdict. In the sentence, you can encourage people to learn more about Malayalam or talk about your conclusions about the culture.

When you have finished your reading and writing test in Malayalam, format it. Your teacher should have informed you of the formatting style in the instructions. If it is not mentioned in the question, it should be mentioned in the notes.

If you have been asked to use the APA format, be sure to include a title page with the current title, page numbers, and references at the end of the document. If the essay contains images or links that you may want to attach, they should be attached. The last thing you should do is run the essay through a grammar checker to make sure you don’t overlook any errors that could lead to a possible loss of grade.

Guarantees for writing essays on Malayalam websites

Sometimes, no matter how hard you try, it is impossible to write an essay. Perhaps you are learning Malayalam for the first time and fear that you have not mastered the fundamentals of the language. Moreover, you may not have enough time to write all the assignments you are given in class. In this case, it can be very helpful to seek help from Malayalam essay-writing websites. This can prevent you from losing points due to late submission of papers.

We are a reliable Malayalam company that will help you in all your missions. We will formulate the topic and write the article for you. Our guarantees include :

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To start typing in Malayalam, just type a word as it is pronounced in English. This would then be transliterated into Malayalam. For E.g. if you type "nan ninne snehikkunnu" then it would be transliterated into “ഞാൻ നിന്നെ സ്നേഹിക്കുന്നു” .

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What is difference between Translation and Transliteration?

A translation tells you the meaning of words in another language. For E.g the translation of "India is multicultural country" would be "ഇന്ത്യ ബഹു സാംസ്കാരിക രാഷ്ട്രമാണ്" in Malayalam. You can use various online tool for translating word, sentence and phrase from English to Malayalam for FREE. Some of the popular translation tool are Google Translator , Bing Translator or use our own Malayalam Translation for FREE.

On the other hand, transliteration software works on phonetics. A transliteration doesn't tell you the meaning of the words but it helps you pronounce them. What you type in Roman script is converted in Malayalam script. For E.g. typing "intya oru bahu sanskarika rajyamnṇ" will be converted into "ഇന്ത്യ ഒരു ബഹു സാംസ്കാരിക രാജ്യമാണ്" .

Therefore, we can say, transliteration changes the letters from one alphabet into the similar-sounding characters of another alphabet. This makes it the simplest and fastest method of typing in Malayalam without practising any Malayalam Keyboard . You can either use Google Input Tool for FREE.

Romeo and Juliet Writing and Essay Prompts

Get students writing about Romeo and Juliet with these writing activities. Dive into Shakespeare’s play, and work toward literary analysis while meeting standards.

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അഭിപ്രായങ്ങളും നിർദ്ദേശങ്ങളും രേഖപ്പെടുത്തുക

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ലഹരി വിരുദ്ധ ദിനം ഉപന്യാസം

ലഹരി വിരുദ്ധ ദിനം ഉപന്യാസം ലഹരി വസ്തുക്കളുടെ ഉപയോഗം ലഹരി വസ്തുക്കളുടെ ഉപയോഗം ഒരു സാമൂഹിക വിപത്ത്

കേരള സംസ്ഥാനം രൂപീകൃതമായി 65 വർഷം പിന്നിട്ടു. ഇക്കാലയളവിൽ ആരോഗ്യം, വിദ്യാഭ്യാസം, സാമൂഹ്യക്ഷേമം, തുടങ്ങി വിവിധ മേഖലകളിൽ നാം കൈവരിച്ച നേട്ടങ്ങൾ രാജ്യത്തിന് തന്നെ മാതൃകയാണ്. ഇതിൽ തന്നെ ചില നേട്ടങ്ങളിൽ ലോകത്തിലെ വികസിത രാജ്യങ്ങൾക്കു തുല്യമായ അഭിമാനാർഹമായ സ്ഥാനവും നമുക്കുണ്ട്. എന്നാൽ സമൂഹത്തിൽ വർധിച്ചു വരുന്ന ലഹരി ഉപയോഗം കേരളം നേടിയെടുത്തിട്ടുള്ള വികസനത്തിനും, പുരോഗതിക്കും, സാംസ്കാരിക മൂല്യങ്ങൾക്കും കടുത്ത വെല്ലുവിളിയാണ് ഉയർത്തുന്നത്. മനുഷ്യനെ ശാരീരികമായും, മാനസികമായും തകർക്കുന്ന സമൂഹ്യ വിപത്താണ് ലഹരി.  ആരോഗ്യ പ്രശ്നങ്ങൾ, കുടുംബ ബന്ധങ്ങളുടെ തകർച്ച, കുറ്റകൃത്യം, ആത്മഹത്യ തുടങ്ങി മദ്യവും, മയക്കുമരുന്നും സൃഷ്ടിക്കുന്ന പ്രത്യാഘാതം നിരവധിയാണ്. കൂടുതലായി കുട്ടികളിലും, യുവജനങ്ങളിലും പിടിമുറുക്കുന്ന ലഹരി വസ്തുക്കളുടെ ഉപയോഗം ഒരു ദിവസം കൊണ്ട് ഉണ്ടാകുന്നതല്ല. എന്താണെന്ന് അറിയാനുള്ള ആകാംക്ഷ, കിട്ടുമെന്ന് കേട്ടിട്ടുള്ള ഉന്മാദാവസ്ഥ, സമപ്രായക്കാരുടെ പ്രേരണ, ബോറടി മാറ്റാൻ,വിഷാദം മാറ്റാൻ, ക്ഷീണം മാറ്റാൻ, വീട്ടിലെ പ്രശ്നങ്ങൾ, അധികമായി ലഭിക്കുന്ന പോക്കറ്റ് മണി എന്ത് ചെയ്യണമെന്നറിയാത്തവർ, എന്നിങ്ങനെ ലഹരി വസ്തുക്കളിലേക്ക് മാറാൻ കാരണങ്ങൾ നിരവധിയാണ്.മൊബൈൽ ഫോണും, ഇന്റർനെറ്റും ജീവിതം നിയന്ത്രിക്കുന്ന ഈ കാലഘട്ടത്തിൽ സോഷ്യൽ മീഡിയകളും ഇതിന് കാരണമാകുന്നുണ്ട്.ലഹരി മരുന്നുകളുടെ കെണിയിൽ പലപ്പോഴും അകപ്പെടുന്നത് കുട്ടികളാണ്. ജീവിതം തന്നെ വഴി തെറ്റിക്കുന്ന ഈ വസ്തുക്കളെ കുറിച്ച് വേണ്ടത്ര അറിവ് കുട്ടികൾക്കില്ല. ഉണ്ടായിരുന്നെങ്കിൽ പലരും ഈ ദുർഗതിയിൽ പെടില്ലല്ലോ!  കേവലം കൗതുകത്തിനായി പലരും ആരംഭിക്കുന്ന ഈ ദുശ്ശീലം കാട്ടുതീയേക്കാൾ വേഗത്തിൽ വളർന്നു സമൂഹത്തെ കീഴ്പ്പെടുത്തുകയാണ്. ഒരിക്കലും തിരിച്ചു കയറാൻ പറ്റാത്ത മഹാ ഗർത്തങ്ങളിലേക്കാണ് ലഹരിയുടെ ഉപയോക്താക്കൾ പതിക്കുന്നത്.കാലാന്തരത്തിൽ ലഹരി ഉപയോഗിക്കാൻ കൂട്ട് നിന്നവരോ, പഠിപ്പിച്ചവരോ, ആരും കൂട്ടാനില്ലാതെ ലഹരിയുടെ മാത്രം സൗഹൃദത്തിൽ ഏകാന്തരായി കഴിയാനാണ് ഇവരുടെ വിധി. അർബുദം, ആരോഗ്യ പ്രശ്നങ്ങൾ, മാനസിക രോഗം എന്നിവ ഇവരെ തേടിയെത്തും.മാനസിക വ്യാപാരങ്ങളെയും, മൃദുല വികാരങ്ങളെയും മരവിപ്പിച്ചു കളയുന്ന ഇത്തരം രസക്കൂട്ടുകൾ ക്രൂരമായ എന്ത് പ്രവൃത്തിയും ചെയ്യാൻ മടിയില്ലാത്തവരാക്കി ഉപയോക്താക്കളെ മാറ്റുന്നുണ്ട്. ദിനംപ്രതി ഇത്തരം വാർത്തകൾ നാം കാണുന്നതാണ്.പുതിയ രൂപത്തിലും ഭാവത്തിലും പടർന്നു പന്തലിക്കുന്ന ലഹരിയുടെ ഈ കരാള ഹസ്തങ്ങൾക്ക് കൈയാമമിടുകയെന്ന ശ്രമകരമായ ദൗത്യത്തെക്കുറിച്ചുള്ള ഓർമ്മപ്പെടുത്തലാണ് ലഹരി വിരുദ്ധ ദിനം. 1987 മുതലാണ് ഐക്യരാഷ്ട്രസഭ ജൂൺ 26 ന് ലഹരി വിരുദ്ധ ദിനമായി ആചരിച്ചു തുടങ്ങിയത്. മുപ്പതാണ്ട് പിന്നിടുമ്പോഴും ജാതി മത പ്രായ ഭേദമന്യേ സ്ത്രീകളും, കുട്ടികളുമടക്കം ലഹരിയൊരുക്കുന്ന അപകടച്ചുഴികളിൽ പതിക്കുന്നവരുടെ എണ്ണം കൂടിക്കൊണ്ടിരിക്കുകയാണ്. അതിനൊരു മാറ്റം വരുത്താൻ ഇനിയും നമുക്ക് കഴിഞ്ഞിട്ടില്ല. ലഹരിയുടെ വല അനുദിനം വിസ്തൃതമായി നമ്മുടെ നാടിനെ വരിഞ്ഞു മുറുക്കിക്കൊണ്ടിരിക്കുന്ന ഈ കാലഘട്ടത്തിൽ ലഹരി വസ്തുക്കളുടെ ഉപയോഗത്തിന്റെ ദൂഷ്യ വശങ്ങൾ അതിശക്തമായ പ്രചാരണബോധവൽക്കരണ പ്രവർത്തനത്തിലൂടെ സമൂഹത്തെ ബോധ്യപ്പെടുത്തണം അതോടൊപ്പം ലഹരി ഉപയോഗം  തടയുന്നതിനുള്ള സർക്കാർ പദ്ധതികളും നിലവിലുള്ള നിയമങ്ങളും ഫലപ്രദമായി നടപ്പിലാക്കുകയും വേണം. അതിന് എല്ലാവരും ലഹരി ഉപയോഗിക്കില്ല എന്ന ഉറച്ച തീരുമാനം കൂടി എടുക്കണം.

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How to Write a Persuasive Essay

Persuasive essay generator.

People in general have strong opinions or have their personal stance about certain issues – be it substantial or trivial. Some advocate their stance in public like rallies or demonstrations where they deliver persuasive speeches to gain other people’s approval. Some people, on the other hand, opt to do it a subtle but poignant way, through writing. You may also see essay writings .

• Samples of Formal Essays
• Academic Essay Examples

Through the course of history, writing was used to start a revolution. Writing has its immense power of uniting the people to a specific cause. It can educate, entertain and persuade the readers. However, writing has many types, styles, techniques. etc. It is a very diverse field. You may also see short essay .

One of the most common types of writing is essay writing. According to Harvard University, “Writing an academic essay means fashioning a coherent set of ideas into an argument. Because essays are essentially linear—they offer one idea at a time—they must present their ideas in the order that makes most sense to a reader. ”

In other words, essay writing has been classified as a formal and informal form of writing. It gives the writer the avenue to give his/her own argument regarding a certain topic. However, it only topples one topic at a time and it is centered around a main topic. You may also see  Basic Guide on Essay Writing .

What is a Persuasive Essay?

Persuasive writing or also known as argument essay , explains a specific topic and attempts to persuade the readers that the writer’s stance is right or a certain idea is more valid than the other. It uses logic and reason to present that one idea is more correct than the other. Through persuasive writing , the reader must be able to discern and adapt a certain point of view and take a course of action.

The writer must take a position whether he/she is FOR or AGAINST an issue. He/she must do intensive research in order to provide evidences based on facts. The argument in the essay must always use rational reasoning and well-founded evidences by presenting facts, valid reasons, analytical examples and quoting experts. You may also see  argumentative essay

A persuasive essay could be about anything  you have an opinion of. As long as you can present compelling evidences that support your argument. People that have strong opinions about your stance should be persuaded or even accept the evidences you present as valid. You may also see persuasive speech .

Elements of a Persuasive Essay

A clear thesis or controlling idea.

This is the main focus of your essay. The flow of your paper revolves around your thesis. This establishes and sustains the focus of your paper. The thesis of your essay must be solid and distinct and avoid a vague and unsure thesis that you clearly have no background information about. You may also see free essay .

Opening paragraph

This is the introduction of your essay. It opens your whole paper to the readers and it introduces the topic of your paper. The introduction gives a short background about your essay. It gives a first impression, establishes credibility and prepares your readers to the content of your paper. It should immediately make your readers curious and interested. You may also see high school essay .

Body paragraphs

Your information or arguments are presented in the body of your essay. The body of your essay should be supported by research evidence you were able to gather. The body should contain all the information or argument you intend to convey to your readers. Do not leave room for unanswered questions in your body as it can make your essay inadequate or simply unclear. The body of your essay can be one or more than one paragraph long, depending on the length you would want to breakdown and organize your essay. Also see  Content Outline Writing Tips and Examples

Smooth transitions

The flow of your essay should be polished and refined. It should go from one point to another without breaking its coherence from each other. Your readers must be able to clearly understand that you are done explaining one point and you’re going onward with another. You may also see analytical essay .

Use of counterarguments

Using counterarguments are necessary in a persuasive essay. You use counterarguments to summarize and rebut opposing positions. It helps give emphasis on the position you have taken. It also helps make your essay a well-rounded and well-versed output. Also see  Debate Speech Examples

Your conclusion emphasizes the main point of your essay without being repetitive. Your conclusion must wrap up the main point of your essay with the help of the arguments you have presented beforehand. Although it is a ‘wrap up’ of your whole essay, you must avoid repeating words and thoughts you have already pointed out while presenting your idea. You may also see essay examples .

1. Take a stance

The stance you take, whether your FOR or AGAINST about an issue will dictate the direction of your essay. The information and arguments you will present in your essay will revolve around the stance you have chosen. Although it is subjective, avoid prejudice and logically explain your stance instead. Remember that your stance are to be supported by legitimate facts and evidences. You may also see scholarship essay .

2. Know your audience

Your readers have opinions of their own about a certain issue. Determine whether your audience may agree with your position and why they may not. In order to successfully contest your point of view, especially when trying to explain why a certain idea is more valid than the other, you must be able to understand both sides of the issue. You may also see student council speech .

3. Research

Thoroughly research about your topic. The point of a persuasive essay is to disprove the opposing argument through providing detailed and compelling evidences. It will likely be necessary to undertake library-based research, intensive hunt for legitimate references and thorough examination of various examples. You may also see  How to Write Definition Essay and Examples

4. Structure your essay

Organize the structure of your essay by determining the logical sequence of presenting your evidences. In order for your readers to fully understand the essence of your essay, determine the information you need to include and arrange them according to the hierarchy of its importance and/or relevance to your topic and stance. You may also see literacy essay .

5. Support your stance

As you may have done your research regarding your topic, avoid simply copy-pasting or plagiarizing supporting details. Follow proper citations in your evidences. Use hard-hitting facts that are not easily rebutted. Provide meaningful examples, verifiable statistics and one or two direct quotations from experts in order to strengthen your argument. You may also see reflective essay .

Without any confusion, your persuasive essay should be able to smoothly merge the following tasks:

1. First, define your key terms or ideas. It should clear up unnecessary confusion about other topics.

2. Second, describe and analyze specific examples used in your essay. It should be able to clearly explain the examples in a level the readers can easily comprehend. You may also see expository essay .

3. Third, it should be able to summarize   and evaluate   the opposing opinions on your topic; meaning, your essay should be able to weigh in on the essence of the opposing argument without invalidating it. It should just be presented but logically rebutted. You may also see comparative essay .

4. Fourth, it should compare   and contrast   your examples and their relation to your thesis. Analyze and state the correlation of your examples with your thesis.You may also see descriptive essay .

5. Lastly, your essay must be able to connect   your examples explicitly to your central idea and to each other. Directly connect the relationship of your examples with the thesis or central idea of your essay in order to prove their coherence. You may also see synthesis essay .

Persuasive Essay Example

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How to Support your Arguments

Do not confuse facts with truths. A “truth” is an idea many people believe but it doesn’t necessarily mean it’s true. A fact, according to Merriam-Webster dictionary, is a piece of information presented as having an objective reality. Facts have evidences that prove them to be true. It can easily be obtained through research on scholarly materials, observation or actual experience. You may also see informative essay .

2. Statistics

These provide excellent support to your argument. Statistics are a collection of quantitative data gathered or combined after intensive research and/or experiments. They provide numerical and visual evidences to your argument. Always make sure you get statistics from reliable resources and you cite your sources properly. You may also see descriptive essay .

A direct quote reproduces the words of another writer verbatim and is displayed in quotation marks. Although it is not recommended, paraphrasing the quote into your essay is a good way to support your argument. Find legitimate quotes from experts. Quotes can be found in published research papers, scholarly articles and books, and other research materials. You may also see travel essay .

4. Examples

Examples are closely similar cases that serves as a precedent or model, it illustrates what the idea is trying to convey. They add and improve your the meaning of the idea and at the same time, makes your idea actual and concrete. You may also see photo essay .

General Guidelines

Bear in mind that the main goal of a persuasive essay is persuade readers that the position you are going for is the most relevant position. You must have a firm opinion about an issue that you want your readers to accept. Before you start to write your persuasive essay, you must already have an opinion or a stance of your own. It is much better to have background information about certain topics before you choose what to write about. You may also see evaluation essay examples .

Always aim to grab the readers attention. You can start your essay with a grabber or hook. It can either be hard, cold facts or quotations from a reliable person that directly relates to your cause. You may also see college essay .

As it has been mentioned, a persuasive essay can be subjective, nevertheless, it still has to be objective. As much as it is about your opinion or position about the issue, it needs facts and evidences. Readers will claim your stance as false if they don’t see/read a credible source backing up your opinion. And lastly, conclude your essay with a restatement of what you want your readers to believe. Reaffirm that the statements you have presented are more valid than the other. You may also see personal narrative essay .

Text prompt

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• Professional

Write a Persuasive Essay arguing for the adoption of renewable energy sources.

Convince your readers of the importance of maintaining biodiversity in a Persuasive Essay.

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ഓണം ഉപന്യാസം Short Essay on Onam Festival in Malayalam

ഓണം ഉപന്യാസം Short Essay on Onam Festival in Malayalam : കേരളീയരുടെ ദേശീയോത്സവമാണ് ഓണം. പൊന്നിൻ ചിങ്ങമാസ ത്തിലെ തിരുവോണനാളിലാണ് ഓണം ആഘോഷിക്കുന്നത്. പണ്ടു കേരളം ഭരിച്ചിരുന്ന അസുരചക്രവർത്തിയായ മഹാബലി ഓണത്തിന് നാടുകാണാൻ വരുമെന്നാണ് സങ്കല്പം. അത്തം മുതൽ പത്തുദിവസം ഓണം ആഘോഷിക്കുന്നു. ആ പത്തു ദിവസവും വീട്ടുമുറ്റത്തു പൂക്കളമിടുന്നു. ഓണദിവസം കുടുംബാംഗങ്ങ ളെല്ലാം ഒത്തുചേരുന്നു.

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