final report research project

Project Final Report

Report generator.

Project management is a difficult task to accomplish as you have to take a lot of aspects into consideration. After finishing a project, it’s also required to prepare a detailed project report. A Project Report must contain a summary of all the points that were taken into consideration while working on a particular project. It must covey the usage and viability of the project and the benefit of the project to the concerned parties. Here is a list of 19+ project final report examples and templates.

Project Final Report Examples & Templates

1. free final project handover report.

• Editable PDF

Size: A4 & US

A final report  must contain a just of the important information about the project. This template can be used to prepare a final project handover report with signatures of the receiver and provider to keep a record.

2. Project Design Final Report

Size: 266 KB

Engineering students need to work on a project and submit at the end of the semester. This templates is an instruction list that can be used by an engineering student to prepare a final report for their project as it contains the guidelines for the final report .

3. Project Final Report Example

This template is a sample of a final project report of a scientific research project. It describes the objectives of the project conducted and also achieved outcomes of the project. It can be used by companies in the food industry to get an overview of the market.

4. Project Final Report in PDF

Size: 87 KB

This template is a sample of guidelines provided by a nursing foundation (FoNS) for the preparation of a final project report. It contains a list of topics and subtopics which are required to be mentioned to prepare a final report on any of their projects.

5. Sample Project Final Report

Size: 184 KB

This template is a sample of a project final report which has been prepared in two parts. The first part provides achievements and the feedback on the project’s implementation and the second part provides technical support to co-operation programs through a pilot scheme based on the achievements, and problems that the first part has undergone. It is primarily aimed at financially viable research startups.

6. Basic Project Final Report Example

Preparing a project final report is a long process. This template explains and guides you through the steps of creating a project final report through the use of an energy expenditure plan online, which is specifically designed for the benefit of Local Educational Agencies of the concerning area.

7. Project Final Report Format

If you are a professor and are required to manage several projects of students on software development, then this template can be useful to you to suggest a similar solution to your university as it will help manage the projects in an automated manner and will give a summary of project final reports very easily.

8. Sample Project Final Report Example

Size: 532 KB

This template is a sample of a RiCORE project final report. This template will provide you with the risk profile of the project and also explain the list of different phases of projects they have worked on to ensure the environmental impact is within manageable limits, and that the standards are acceptable to all member countries of the forum.

9. Basic Project Final Report

Size: 964 KB

Some organizations provide grants for the success of a project. This template provides a guide on the requirement of information that the organization wants in the final report before payment of the grant money.

10. Standard Project Final Report

This template is a standard final report of a project on an understanding of eco-innovation by MEI. This final report gives complete information about the eco-innovation drive that has been launched and also measures the competitiveness of eco-innovation for the benefit of the ecology.

11. Simple Project Final Report Example

Size: 264 KB

This template is a simple project final report on European educational research quality indicators. This template explains the research quality measurement and the new innovative methods introduced in the last few years in this arena.

12. Standard Project Final Report Sample

This template is a standard project final report of a study of conflict among the diverse societies in North Eastern India, and how can the conflicts be reduced. A grant is provided to the researchers for completing the project. This sample final report is to be submitted to avail the grant.

13. Formal Project Final Report

This template is a sample of a formal scientific project final report. This project was done in collaboration and the report discusses the ways to improve the long term safety assessment for a geological disposal facility.

14. Project Research Final Report

This template is a project research final report. While working on a project the members have to visit a lot of places. This final report includes the expenditure the members incurred while working on the project to submit to UGC for the sanctioned grant and also contains the research study matter.

15. Project Year Final Report

Size: 26 MB

This template is a final report of a canal lining demonstration project. In a large project, the workers have to take care of several aspects to make sure that everything is on track. This template gives detailed information about those aspects of the project.

16. Sample Project Final Report in PDF

This template shows goals, management practices and the monitoring results of the project and is a guide for others participating similar government irrigation projects.

17. Professional Project Final Report Example

Size: 877 KB

This template is a professional project final report of the Enewetak radiological support project by the United States Department of Nuclear Energy. It explains the usage of nuclear energy and its effects on the test area and how the reclamation work has been implemented for restoring the ecological balance, along with defense benefits due to nuclear energy.

18. Formal Project Final Report Example

This  Project Analysis Example  is a sample of project report of real-time monitoring and optimization of resource efficiency in integrated processing plants. This template discusses the main result, impact, analysis and the use of the project.

19. Professional Project Final Report

This is a sample of a project final report of business model innovation for high-performance buildings supported by whole life optimization. The project aims at creating innovative buildings that are optimized to conserve energy.

20. Project Final Report Template

If you are an electrical engineering student, then this template can be of great help to you. This template will guide you through the different aspects of the innovative project.

Text prompt

• Instructive
• Professional

Generate a report on the impact of technology in the classroom on student learning outcomes

Prepare a report analyzing the trends in student participation in sports and arts programs over the last five years at your school.

Simon Fraser University Engaging the World

• A-Z directory

Guide to Completing Your Final Report

Purposes of a Final Report

How we evaluate final reports

Part I of the final report template: Report of findings

Parts II to V: Changes & Implications; Sharing & Dissemination; Keywords & Student Involvement

• Guide to Completing Your Final Report (PDF)

Useful links:

• Final report template (DOCX)
• Final report exemplars
• Excel graph templates (XLSX)

The ISTLD sometimes receives requests from project teams for either examples of project final reports or advice on how to write them. It is challenging to respond with generic advice as all the projects are very different from one another and faculty bring a wide-range of research tools and perspectives to the task of doing their projects. As a result, each project can have unique reporting needs. This document provides a general outline of how to proceed, but we encourage faculty who feel they might need advice on analysis, data display or reporting to contact the ISTLD to talk through their concerns and get some advice.

• The project PI is accountable to ISTLD for completion of the work
• In turn, the ISTLD is accountable to the VPA and must demonstrate the project funding has been well-spent
• The reports are made public on the ISTLD website
• We provide links to final reports to other faculty developing related project proposals
• We often provide links to final reports for faculty conducting projects or writing up their own reports
• Evidence of project impact on student learning and experience
• Evidence of project impact on instructor learning and growth
• Evidence of project impact beyond it original intent (that is, “ripple effects”)

Because of the accountability role final reports serve, faculty who do not turn in final reports or do not make requested edits are ineligible for future funding from the ISTLD.

For about 40% of the final reports turned in, we do ask for some edits. We do our best to minimize such requests and most are for minor changes to improve clarity. We look for the following in the reports:

• Did you do what you said you were going to do?
• Can we understand what you did? Will other faculty understand what you did?
• Can we understand what you learned? Will other faculty understand what you learned?
• Did you complete all the sections of the final report template?

To get started: Re-read your proposal, especially the section titled, “ Contents of the Final Report ”

This is the bulk of your final report. We want you to organize it in a way that makes sense to you and write in a reporting style that feels comfortable given your disciplinary training. It does not have to have a formal style like that used in a journal article, but it does need to be clear, organized and understandable by other faculty at SFU. (See Proposal and Final Report Exemplars , for several final reports of very different kinds that do a good job of meeting our core criteria: http://www.sfu.ca/istld/faculty/resources/exemplars.html )

Some faculty members write, “see attached,” for this section and append a technical report or draft manuscript to the end of the final report template, or as a separate document. This strategy is fine.

We have been asked at times to “not post” this section of the final report if either (a) it is a draft manuscript under review or (b) contains sensitive information or (c) contains policy recommendations that need approval by departments or administration. We request under these circumstances that you include a 1-2 page summary of your main findings and conclusions (essentially an extended abstract). We still want other faculty to learn from your project and they can’t do so if your findings aren’t available at all. Manuscript review can take a long time and in the meantime, the summary will do. We will make arrangements to check back with you regarding when the full final report can be posted on our website.

As you write the report of findings section, keep in mind the following:

• It should cover everything mentioned in the section of your proposal titled, “ Contents of the Final Report .”
• Think of other faculty at SFU as your audience .
• Include a brief description of the intent of your project (the problem you were trying to address or the question you were trying to explore) so that those reading the report have some context. It may help to start with the introduction from your proposal and edit that.
• Describe any changes of instruction , class structure, or teaching techniques that were the objects of study well enough that other faculty could see what you did and might be able to try it themselves.
• Describe the data you collected and your analysis methods . This description may be brief in nature, but as with a typical research report in your field, it should be clear what your data sources are and you should give your readers a basic understanding of the way you went about looking at your data. Please name and give citation information for published instruments (surveys, observation protocols, etc.) you have used or adapted. Include in an appendix those you have personally developed. For those working with kinds of data and analysis they’ve not done before, we offer advice on data analysis.
• Display your data and findings clearly. Make sure your data is understandable to others.  If you use tables and graphs make sure they are clearly labeled. If you use a more narrative means of describing data and findings, make clear the breadth of the data you’re calling upon to support your story. If you or your RA are new to the kind of data you are representing, we can provide advice on data display. (See Excel Graph Templates )
• Describe your experiences and/or results : How did your changes go?  What was their impact? What went well? What did not? What did you learn?
• Provide your conclusions and recommendations based on your findings . What would you do again?  What do you plan to change? What are the implications of what you learned?

This section of the final report template mostly provides accountability, evaluation and research data for ISTLD. We do publish lists of project-related papers and publications, and trace the impact the projects have on students, faculty and (where applicable) SFU’s programs and structures. It typically takes only 10-15 minutes to complete.

• Complete all segments of this part of the template. If you have no response for a particular section, please write “no” or “not applicable.”
• Your response can be short and to the point for each of the questions in this section.
• If there were changes made to your project so that it differs from your original proposal, they should be described here. As long as these are relatively small and well justified they are okay. (If you encounter the need to make major changes during the conduct of your project, it is best to contact ISTLD and revise your proposal accordingly at the time the need arises.)

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Project Management

How to write a project report (with steps & templates).

August 16, 2024

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Juggling all the different components of a project can be quite a challenge. If that weren’t enough, you also have to write a project status report to update key stakeholders on the project’s progress. The struggle is real.

So where do you start? Fortunately, we have the answer. And that’s precisely why we put together this guide—to walk you through the process so you have a clear path from start to finish.

Learn more about creating project reports and different types of project status reports. Plus, you’ll walk away with five free project report templates, carefully crafted to streamline your project management workflow, save you time, and impress your stakeholders. 🤩

What is a Project Report?

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A project report is a document offering a comprehensive overview of a project’s objectives, progress, team performance, and milestone accomplishments. It also gives an account of the challenges faced during a project’s execution , solutions devised to tackle them, and the lessons learned during the process. 

Project managers create these reports to communicate with other project stakeholders—including team members, sponsors, clients, and other interested parties—to ensure everyone’s on the same page. The document also serves as a foundation for further evaluation and analysis to ensure the project says on track and achieves its goals. 🎯

Creating a project report doesn’t have to be a daunting task. Follow these three simple steps to create your first project report with ease.

Understand the purpose of the report

Before you create a project report, you need to understand the purpose of the report (the “why”) and know your target audience (the “who”). This will guide the content, structure, and tone of your project report.

Gather and organize the relevant information

At this point, you need to gather project information relevant to your project report. Make sure your data is accurate, reliable, and up-to-date. Organize the gathered information in a logical and structured manner.

• Executive summary : As its name suggests, this project summary gives readers a quick overview of the whole report. It’s a snapshot that highlights the most important parts of the project. While it’s placed at the start of the report, it’s often written last. It covers the project’s objectives, methodology, major outcomes, and conclusions. 
• Introduction: This sets the context and expectations of the entire report. It includes the project’s purpose and scope, project schedule, the problems it aims to address, and the methodologies to get there. It also outlines the structure and organization of the rest of the report. 
• Body: Typically, this is the longest part of project management reports because it dives into in-depth details, including project progress, data collection, analysis reports, constraints, and limitations. Remember that whatever you include here should reflect the purpose of your project report and the preferences of your target audience. 
• Conclusions & Recommendations: Based on your findings and analysis, identify opportunities for improvement, suggest strategies for addressing them, or propose avenues for future research. 

Format and proofread the report

Ensure that your project report follows a consistent formatting style—headings, subheadings, and bullet points will make it easier to read. In addition, scan your report for spelling or grammar errors and typos.

Types of Project Reports

Project reports come in diverse formats, with each serving different use cases. Here are nine of the most commonly used types of project reports.

A project status report is a document that gives a snapshot of where your project stands at any given moment. It’s like answering the question, “How’s the project doing?”

But instead of just saying “The project is fine,” you actually dive into the project goals, tasks completed, milestones achieved, challenges faced, lessons learned, potential roadblocks, and next steps. 

Whether it’s a weekly project status report or a monthly status report, this documentation eliminates the need for status meetings while giving stakeholders the most recent status of the project.

A project progress report is slightly similar to a status update report, as they both discuss task progress. However, the progress report is more quantitative and zooms in on individual tasks and project milestones . 

It’s like taking a magnifying glass and examining the progress of each task, one by one. For example, it could include in-depth information on the percentage of completion and current status of each task (completed, on track, delayed, etc.). 

The cost-benefit analysis report is usually prepared before a project is put into motion. Of the various project reports, this one aims to answer a simple question: “Is it worth pursuing this project?”

To answer this question, the report first assesses all project costs like operational expenses, materials, salaries, equipment, and potential risks. 

It then considers the projected benefits, such as increased profit margins, cost savings, improved efficiency, or happier customers. Finally, the report compares the costs to the benefits to determine if it’s time to move forward or explore other options.

A project time-tracking report is a document that records and summarizes time spent on project activities. Each project team member contributes to writing this report—they track and record the amount of time they’ve spent on tasks and submit it to the project manager. ⏰

Thankfully, the rise of project management tools has eliminated the need for paper-based time-tracking submissions. They make it easy for team members to submit accurate and detailed time reports to the project manager—while reducing the administrative burden of manual report compilation. 

Project managers can see how time is spent and the overall productivity of team members. As a result, they’re able to make informed decisions, such as redistributing workload (aka workload management ), reassigning tasks, and providing feedback and support to team members. 

A project resource dashboard offers a bird’s-eye view of how resources (e.g., labor, equipment, materials, budget, etc.) are allocated in a project. Think of it as a comprehensive resource inventory, listing every project task, the responsible party, and the resources being used. 

Project reports like this help project managers keep track of resource availability, identify potential resource constraints or shortages, and make informed decisions about resource allocation and optimization.

A project risk report offers a comprehensive analysis of potential risks, their likelihood of occurrence, their potential impact on the project, and recommended mitigation strategies. 

Rather than waiting for future events to derail the project, project reports like this one allow project managers to take a more proactive approach to risk management—thereby boosting the chances of overall project success.

A project variance report reveals the gaps or deviations between project plans and the actual performance or results achieved. It compares various factors—like budget, time, resources, and scope—and their planned values with their actual values, then computes the differences (or variances). 

By analyzing these variances, project managers and stakeholders can discuss the possible reasons behind them, identify areas that need attention, and take corrective actions where necessary.

A project performance report evaluates the overall performance and achievements of a project against predetermined metrics and objectives. It includes information on project deliverables, key performance indicators (KPIs) , and stakeholder satisfaction.

This report helps project managers assess project success, identify areas for improvement, and communicate the project’s performance to stakeholders.

A project completion report marks the end of a project journey. It summarizes the entire project lifecycle, from initiation to closure. This report contains an overview of the project’s objectives, deliverables, milestones, challenges, and recommendations for future projects.

A project management report summarizes a project’s progress, status, and performance for stakeholders. It includes an overview, current status, timeline, budget, risks, resource allocation, key performance indicators (KPIs), and next steps. The report helps ensure transparency, track milestones, address issues, and guide decision-making. It provides a snapshot of where the project stands and what actions are needed to keep it on track.

Writing project reports may initially seem redundant and time-consuming. However, it plays a crucial role in achieving project success. While a few benefits were hinted at earlier, let’s get a better picture of why project reports should not be overlooked.

More clarity

Creating a project report allows you to step back and reflect on the project’s progress. As you record the milestones, successes, and challenges, a wealth of insights begin to unfold—strengths, weaknesses, and areas that need attention.

This holistic view of the project’s health helps you steer it toward the desired outcomes and ensure it stays on track.

Encourages evaluation and analysis

Project reports allow you to evaluate and analyze the different aspects of a project in a systematic way—gathering relevant data, analyzing them, and evaluating their significance. By giving your project a critical analysis, you can uncover valuable insights, identify patterns, draw meaningful conclusions, and take strategic action. 🛠️

Enhances communication and collaboration

Creating a project report challenges you to present the project’s progress and results to stakeholders in a clear and coherent manner. A well-written report promotes project transparency and ensures everyone is on the same page.

It also facilitates collaboration by providing a common reference point for discussions, feedback, and decision-making.

Boosts professionalism and credibility

When you present a comprehensive and well-structured report, it shows that you have conducted thorough research, followed a methodical approach, and can effectively communicate complex information. This, in turn, boosts your reputation, enhances your credibility, and showcases your expertise among peers, colleagues, and potential employers.

Knowledge preservation

A project report serves as a valuable reference for future research or projects. By documenting your process, methodologies, challenges, lessons, and results, you create a resource that can be consulted and built upon by others.

This contributes to the cumulative knowledge in your field and fosters a culture of collaboration and innovation.

Improves Team Alignment

Project reports are instrumental in enhancing team alignment. They provide a clear, concise snapshot of progress, identifying accomplishments, challenges, and next steps. This enables all team members to understand the project’s current status and their respective roles in achieving the overall objectives.

Check out these project report templates for teams:

• Nonprofit Organizations Project Report
• Operations Teams Project Report
• Finance Teams Project Report
• DevOps Teams Project Report
• Agile Teams Project Report
• Sales Teams Project Report

5 Project Report Examples & Templates

Sure, you could write project reports from scratch and spend countless hours formatting and structuring them. But why would you when you can use free project report templates? They provide a structure and format for your report so you can simply plug in your data and customize the design to fit your needs. Not only do project report templates speed up the report creation process, but they also enhance the overall quality of your reports. 

Let’s jump right in to explore our top five project report templates. 📈

A final project report is the perfect finishing touch to conclude a project and highlight its achievements. ClickUp’s Final Project Report Template provides a solid structure to help you put it together with the following key sections:

• Planned vs. Actual: A quantitative breakdown of how the project deviated from the original plan with regard to its start date, completion date, duration, and budget
• Management Effectiveness: A SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis evaluating how the project was managed
• Project Learnings : Share the important project lessons learned by the team throughout the lifespan of the project
• Contract Terms Checklist : A simple table listing the various contract terms, whether they were completed, and any remarks you have 
• Overall Performance rating: A 1 out of 5 rating of the different aspects of the project, from planning and execution to leadership and communication

This template is built in ClickUp Docs , which means you have unlimited flexibility for customization—add extra sections and tweak the appearance to suit your taste. And guess what? The table of content updates in real-time as you add, edit, or delete multiple headers.

If you want to wow your team and clients, this project status report template will help you get the job done. 

Writing a project status report is fairly straightforward. But staring at a blank document and worrying about crafting perfectly manicured sentences can make this process last a lot longer than it should. 

Thankfully, ClickUp’s Project Status Report Template is here to save the day! Built inside ClickUp Whiteboards, this template provides a hassle-free method to quickly capture key project details in a visually engaging way.

• General information: Cover general project details (e.g., project name, objectives, project timeline , reporting period, etc.) which you’ll need to fill in only once
• Progress details: Use color-coding to share in-progress, at-risk, delayed, and completed tasks
• Support and resources: List out assets (e.g., labor, money, etc.) needed for a smooth operation 
• Highlights and takeaways: Share key lessons learned and other noteworthy highlights
• What went well/What needs improvement: Use this opportunity to reflect on the project’s progress and share the areas that performed well and what needs attention
• Next steps: Highlight the key action items that need to get done to keep the project on track

Enter the details under each of these sections onto sticky notes, which’ll help you quickly pour down your thoughts without worrying about writing perfect sentences. It’s also very helpful for stakeholders as the information on sticky notes is short and straight to the point. 

This template removes the pressure of creating a status report and saves valuable time—all while keeping key stakeholders informed and up to date.

After running a digital marketing campaign project, you need to gather key metrics from the campaign and present it to key stakeholders for evaluation, performance analysis, and notes for future improvements. 

Sharing this info across multiple digital channels can get overwhelming but there’s no need to worry. ClickUp’s Digital Marketing Report Template has you covered with everything you need. Plus, it’s neatly broken down into the following sections:

• Digital Marketing Performance: This section lets you summarize the overall performance of your campaign by capturing key details like project budget allocations, actual expenses, cost per acquisition, total impressions, and total clicks across multiple campaigns
• Web Analytics Report: This section analyzes website performance during and after the project’s completion. It captures metrics like page views, bounce rate, traffic sources, and overall conversion rate
• Social Media Campaign Performance: This section analyzes social media performance by measuring metrics like impressions, followers, and engagement rate—all in a simple table for each social media platform 

Use this template to present the performance of your digital marketing project in a simple and visually engaging way. This makes it easy to identify trends, analyze the impact of your campaign, and make informed decisions regarding future marketing initiatives.

A key way to stay on track and guarantee overall project success is to engage team members in the process.

The Employee Daily Activity Report Template by ClickUp has a simple tabular layout that makes it easy for team members to record and keep track of: 

• Completed tasks and the time spent on each
• Ongoing tasks and their due dates
• Upcoming tasks and any support they’ll need

This template encourages each team member to get work done and ask for support when needed—while allowing you to keep the project on track by providing support and maximizing team performance.

Remember the Digital Marketing Report Template we looked at earlier? You can choose to further analyze the marketing performance section, with elements from this Campaign Report Template by ClickUp . 

Dive deeper into how each marketing channel contributed to overall ad cost, ad revenue, and ad conversion rate. You can further break down each channel’s performance by analyzing the metrics from each individual campaign on that channel.

There you have it—your secret sauce for creating an effective project report in a fraction of the time. And that’s only scratching the surface … working inside ClickUp unlocks a lot more perks. 

Not only does ClickUp make project reporting easy and quick, but it also gives you access to free project management templates to enhance your workflow. Quickly assign tasks to your team, keep track of progress, discuss updates, and collaborate on documents and whiteboards—all in one place. ✨

Did we mention the integrations? ClickUp plays nicely with other apps, allowing you to seamlessly connect your favorite tools to supercharge your team’s productivity. And let’s not forget about the time you’ll save using ClickUp’s automations—a feature that lets you breeze through repetitive tasks that used to eat up valuable time across project management reports.

Just imagine what you can do with those extra hours—maybe enjoy a cup of coffee or catch up with your team about how best you can support them. Make project reporting a blast with ClickUp and boost your chances of a successful project. 

Get started by signing up for free on ClickUp today … Ready? Set? Report!

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(4) How to Write Project Report: Step-By-Step Guide

By archtc on December 26, 2017 — 21 minutes to read

Make Your Project Reports Speak for Themselves—A Thorough Guide

At some point during the implementation of a project, a certain report has to be generated in order to paint a mental image of the whole project. Ultimately, a project report must maximize the insight gained with minimal effort from the reader. Apart from describing its results, it must also explain the implications of those results to the organization and its business operations.

• How to Write and Create Project Reports Part 1
• Project Report Free Download Part 2
• Additional Sources Part 3

There are a number of ways project reporting helps an organization, a team, and even the project itself and here are some of them:

It tracks the progress of the project

It helps identify risks, it helps manage project cost, it gives stakeholders an insight on how the project is performing.

Project reports provide stakeholders a bird’s eye view of its current state. It gives the team a clear understanding of their roles and the tasks that they are to accomplish. For the project manager, the reports provide them with updated relevant data. Lastly, project reports serve a basis for the decisions that have to be made at the top management level.

Project Status Report

The most common type of project report, a progress report provides a general state of the project to its stakeholders. It quantifies work performed and completed in measurable terms. It compares this with an established baseline to see if the project is on track or; if adjustments have to be made if the project is behind its schedule. It keeps everyone on the same page and manages each other’s expectations.

Project status reports are accomplished to serve the following purposes;

• to keep an updated flow of information in relation to the project’s progress
• to immediately address issues and concerns that may come up at any point of the project’s implementation or duration
• to document reasons for changes and adjustments made to the original plan for the project
• to monitor fund utilization and to ensure that the project expenses are still within the budget
• to serve as a basis for decision-making and addressing problems
• to keep track of the team’s performance and individual contributions
• to act as a uniform procedure for communicating project development to the stakeholders.

Status reports are most effective when they follow a standard form with predefined fields that need to be regularly updated. Doing so will save time and provide consistency and predictability of the information the stakeholders will receive about the status of the project.

WHAT TO INCLUDE

For a status report to be comprehensive, it must include the following elements:

Summary/overall health of the project, facts on the project progress, target vs. actual accomplishments, action(s) taken, risks and issues, keys to an effective project status report.

• Submit the report on time . A status report is time sensitive and sending it late defeats the purpose of such a report.
• Giving complete but inaccurate information is just as bad as giving accurate but incomplete information . Since stakeholders rely on the status report for a heads-up on the project, and its content is used as the basis for decision-making, it is critical that the report provides both complete and accurate information.
• Do not cover up bad news or adverse reports as these are all part of the transparency of the status report . Keep in mind that being open with the stakeholders, whether the project is sailing smoothly or not, will benefit both the team and the client, since any problems there are will be immediately given attention and solved.
• Be proud of the team’s accomplishments, after all, this is what the clients and the stakeholders will want to know about .
• Anticipate questions from the clients or stakeholders and be prepared to answer them .
• Be familiar with the culture of the organization and respect the information hierarchy they observe . There are instances when the CEO wants to be the first to know about the contents of these reports before cascading it to his downlines. On the other hand, middle managers will want a head start on these reports so they can also anticipate and prepare for any reaction from the top executives.
• Craft the status report in such a way that there will be no information overload . It should contain necessary information that the stakeholders need to know. Lengthy reports will consume not only the writer’s time but also that of the reader. Too many details also give an impression of micro management.

Risk Registers

All projects, or any activities of business, face risks. It is just a matter of how an organization identifies, assesses, analyzes, and monitors these risks. With a Risk Register, an organization is equipped with a tool to better respond to problems that may arise because of these risks. It helps in the decision-making process and enables the stakeholders to take care of the threats in the best way possible.

A Risk Register, also called an Issue Log, is iterative because it will be updated periodically depending on how often the team identifies a potential risk. It may also be updated if the characteristics of the existing potential risks change as the project progresses. 

The Risk Register document contains information about the following:

Risk Identification

• Risk Category:  Grouping these risks under different categories is helpful. Doing so will provide a way to make a plan of action that will address most, if not all of the risks falling under the same category, saving time, effort, and resources.
• Risk Description:  Provide a brief explanation of the identified potential risk. The description can be done in a variety of ways depending on the level of detail. A general description can be difficult to address while giving too much detail about the risk may entail a significant amount of work. Three factors to consider when making a risk description are: the way these risks are going to be managed, who will handle them, and the reporting requirements of the person receiving the risk register.
• Risk ID:  Assign a unique identification code to each risk identified to track it in the risk register easily. Create a system of coding in such a way that the category to which the said risk belongs is easily identifiable.

Risk Analysis

• Project Impact: Indicate the potential effect of the assumed risk on different aspects of the project such as budget, timelines, quality, and performance.
• Likelihood: Referring to the possibility of the risk occurring, the likelihood can be expressed qualitatively—high, medium, low—or quantitatively, if there is enough information available. Whatever criteria are to be used, assign a number—with the highest value corresponding to that which is most likely to occur.

A. Negligible B. Minor C. Moderate D. Significant E. Severe 

Here’s how it will look in a tabular form:

Risk Evaluation

Using the table above, the identified risk can be ranked this way:

• Risk Trigger: These are the potential risk events that will trigger the implementation of a contingency plan based on the risk management plan. This plan should have been prepared prior to the development of a risk register.

Risk Treatment

• Prevention Plan: This enumerates the steps or action to be taken to prevent the risks from occurring.
• Contingency Plan: On the other hand, the contingency plan determines the steps or action to be taken once the risk events have occurred. This program also contains the measures to be taken to reduce the impact of such risks to the project.
• Risk Owner: The person responsible for managing risk, and the implementation of the prevention and contingency plans, it can be anyone among the stakeholders—members of the team, a project manager, or project sponsors.
• Residual Risk: Sometimes, a risk cannot be entirely eliminated after treatment. Part of it may linger throughout the duration of the project, but once it has been treated, it can be considered as a low-level risk.

Keys to an Effective Risk Register

• The first risk register must be created as soon as the project plan and the risk management plan has been approved . This initial risk register must be integrated into the project plan.
• Active risks during a particular period must also be included in the project status report .
• Risk management is an iterative process which is why the risk register must also be updated from time to time . Updates can be made when new risks are identified or there have been changes in the risks already in the register.
• The numerical value assigned to the likelihood and severity levels must remain constant throughout the duration of the whole project .
• Likewise, any terms used must be defined, and this definition must be utilized consistently .

Project Closure Report

As the end of a project, a Project Closure Report signals its culmination. Its submission officially concludes a project and implies that funds and resources will no longer be needed, and everything will go back to its status prior to the implementation of the project.

This process is critical as it will officially tie up all loose ends and prevent confusion among stakeholders.

This particular type of project report summarizes information on the project results, the criteria used to measure the effectiveness of the project delivery process, and the feedback from the stakeholders. Each performance metric includes an assessment and a narration of how the team performed on such metrics.

This performance metric describes how the team utilized the budget in carrying out the project effectively. Under this performance metric, the following aspects are measured:

Component Breakdown

Budget variance, explanations for key variances.

Describe how the team implemented the project within the expected time frame and schedule.

Overall Project Duration

Schedule variance, the explanations for key variances, change management.

This metric refers to the team’s ability to handle and manage changes throughout the project’s implementation effectively. It is measured through the following:

Total Number of Changes

The impact of the changes, the highlight of changes, quality management.

This particular metric refers to the team’s ability to observe and comply with quality standards during the project’s implementation.

Total Number of Defects Identified

The explanation for resolved defects, risk and issue management.

This metric deals with how risks and matters that occurred during project implementation were handled and resolved by the team. Key points to include are the following:

The impact of the Risks and Issues to the Project

Human resource management.

This refers to the team’s ability to carry out the project effectively.

Project Organization Structure

This metric looks at how the stakeholders participated in the project.

Decision-makers

Communication management.

Under this metric, communication throughout the duration of the project is assessed.

Communication Management Plan

• Summarize essential feedback collected . Describe the method by which these comments were gathered and who was solicited for feedback. Also include how they responded to each question and briefly discuss which items received great responses from the participants and which ones got few answers.
• Take note of common themes or trends of feedback gathered .
• From the feedback gathered, also take note of any opportunities from this feedback and discuss how these opportunities can be applied to future projects, or in the organization itself .

Lesson Learned

• Give a brief discussion of what the team learned when carrying out the project . Among these learnings, discuss which ones can be applied to future projects and how it will impact not only those future projects but also the whole organization.

Other Metrics

Other points of interest may not have been captured in the Project Status Report and may be included in the Project Closeout Report. Some of these factors include:

Duration and Effort by Project Phase

Benefits realized, benchmark comparisons, keys to an effective project closure report.

• The closure report is mostly a summary of all efforts related to the project . It is important to ensure that all highlights of the project have been properly documented so that retrieval of these reports is easier and all efforts will be acknowledged.
• Emphasize the high points the project delivered, how efficiently it was done, and what has been learned from the process.
• If there are notable variances during the project implementation, make sure to provide a fact-based explanation on it . In addition, the impact of this difference must also be described.
• A critical point in a project closure report is establishing the link between the project performance, the lessons learned, and the steps that will be taken by the organization for its continuous improvement . Aside from the project deliverables, another valuable output of a project is the learnings derived from the process and how it will be translated into concrete concepts applicable to the business processes of the organization.

Executive Summary

A little bit different from the types of project reports previously mentioned, an Executive Summary  is a distinct kind of report which uses different language. It is a high-level report which aims to provide a bigger and deeper understanding of the project—how it will benefit the organization and how it will fit into future business strategies. It is written with a busy executive in mind, someone who has a lot of important things to do and may find reading a lengthy piece of prose a waste of precious time. Factual and objective, this particular type of project report must be able to provide a realistic status of the project, as business executives understand that everything may not go according to the plan.

Some may confuse an executive summary with an abstract but, in reality, they are clearly distinct from one another and serve a different purpose.

An abstract is usually written for academic or scientific papers. It is written with a topic sentence which, generally, gives an overview of what the article is about. It is, then, supported by two or three supporting sentences which support the main idea of the topic sentence.

An executive summary, on the other hand, is composed of different sections discussing almost every significant aspect of an undertaking. It consists of sequentially arranged key points supported by conclusions and recommendations. Check our in-depth article on how to write an effective executive summary .

Things to Remember in Writing Project Reports

Here are some of the principles that need to be observed in writing an effective project report;

Write for the reader

The report should have a structure, ensure that the report is evidence-based and is supported by data, make it as objective as possible, project report: free download.

Download Project Status Report XLSX

Download Project Update Report DOC

Download Project Update Report 2 DOCX

Download General Project Report DOCX

Additional Sources

• How to Write an Outstanding Weekly Report + Free Template Download
• How to Write a Project Status Dashboard and Project Tracking + Free Template Download
• How to Create a Project Meeting Template + Free Download

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How to do a research project for your academic study

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Writing a research report is part of most university degrees, so it is essential you know what one is and how to write one. This guide on how to do a research project for your university degree shows you what to do at each stage, taking you from planning to finishing the project.

What is a research project? 

The big question is: what is a research project? A research project for students is an extended essay that presents a question or statement for analysis and evaluation. During a research project, you will present your own ideas and research on a subject alongside analysing existing knowledge. 

How to write a research report 

The next section covers the research project steps necessary to producing a research paper. 

Developing a research question or statement 

Research project topics will vary depending on the course you study. The best research project ideas develop from areas you already have an interest in and where you have existing knowledge. 

The area of study needs to be specific as it will be much easier to cover fully. If your topic is too broad, you are at risk of not having an in-depth project. You can, however, also make your topic too narrow and there will not be enough research to be done. To make sure you don’t run into either of these problems, it’s a great idea to create sub-topics and questions to ensure you are able to complete suitable research. 

A research project example question would be: How will modern technologies change the way of teaching in the future? 

Finding and evaluating sources 

Secondary research is a large part of your research project as it makes up the literature review section. It is essential to use credible sources as failing to do so may decrease the validity of your research project.

Examples of secondary research include:

• Peer-reviewed journals
• Scholarly articles
• Newspapers 

Great places to find your sources are the University library and Google Scholar. Both will give you many opportunities to find the credible sources you need. However, you need to make sure you are evaluating whether they are fit for purpose before including them in your research project as you do not want to include out of date information. 

When evaluating sources, you need to ask yourself:

• Is the information provided by an expert?
• How well does the source answer the research question?
• What does the source contribute to its field?
• Is the source valid? e.g. does it contain bias and is the information up-to-date?

It is important to ensure that you have a variety of sources in order to avoid bias. A successful research paper will present more than one point of view and the best way to do this is to not rely too heavily on just one author or publication. 

Conducting research 

For a research project, you will need to conduct primary research. This is the original research you will gather to further develop your research project. The most common types of primary research are interviews and surveys as these allow for many and varied results. 

Examples of primary research include: 

• Interviews and surveys 
• Focus groups 
• Experiments 
• Research diaries 

If you are looking to study in the UK and have an interest in bettering your research skills, The University of Sheffield is a  world top 100 research university  which will provide great research opportunities and resources for your project. 

Research report format  

Now that you understand the basics of how to write a research project, you now need to look at what goes into each section. The research project format is just as important as the research itself. Without a clear structure you will not be able to present your findings concisely. 

A research paper is made up of seven sections: introduction, literature review, methodology, findings and results, discussion, conclusion, and references. You need to make sure you are including a list of correctly cited references to avoid accusations of plagiarism. 

Introduction 

The introduction is where you will present your hypothesis and provide context for why you are doing the project. Here you will include relevant background information, present your research aims and explain why the research is important. 

Literature review  

The literature review is where you will analyse and evaluate existing research within your subject area. This section is where your secondary research will be presented. A literature review is an integral part of your research project as it brings validity to your research aims. 

What to include when writing your literature review:

• A description of the publications
• A summary of the main points
• An evaluation on the contribution to the area of study
• Potential flaws and gaps in the research 

Methodology

The research paper methodology outlines the process of your data collection. This is where you will present your primary research. The aim of the methodology section is to answer two questions: 

• Why did you select the research methods you used?
• How do these methods contribute towards your research hypothesis? 

In this section you will not be writing about your findings, but the ways in which you are going to try and achieve them. You need to state whether your methodology will be qualitative, quantitative, or mixed. 

• Qualitative – first hand observations such as interviews, focus groups, case studies and questionnaires. The data collected will generally be non-numerical. 
• Quantitative – research that deals in numbers and logic. The data collected will focus on statistics and numerical patterns.
• Mixed – includes both quantitative and qualitative research.

The methodology section should always be written in the past tense, even if you have already started your data collection. 

Findings and results 

In this section you will present the findings and results of your primary research. Here you will give a concise and factual summary of your findings using tables and graphs where appropriate. 

Discussion 

The discussion section is where you will talk about your findings in detail. Here you need to relate your results to your hypothesis, explaining what you found out and the significance of the research. 

It is a good idea to talk about any areas with disappointing or surprising results and address the limitations within the research project. This will balance your project and steer you away from bias.

Some questions to consider when writing your discussion: 

• To what extent was the hypothesis supported?
• Was your research method appropriate?
• Was there unexpected data that affected your results?
• To what extent was your research validated by other sources?

Conclusion 

The conclusion is where you will bring your research project to a close. In this section you will not only be restating your research aims and how you achieved them, but also discussing the wider significance of your research project. You will talk about the successes and failures of the project, and how you would approach further study. 

It is essential you do not bring any new ideas into your conclusion; this section is used only to summarise what you have already stated in the project. 

References 

As a research project is your own ideas blended with information and research from existing knowledge, you must include a list of correctly cited references. Creating a list of references will allow the reader to easily evaluate the quality of your secondary research whilst also saving you from potential plagiarism accusations. 

The way in which you cite your sources will vary depending on the university standard.

If you are an international student looking to  study a degree in the UK , The University of Sheffield International College has a range of  pathway programmes  to prepare you for university study. Undertaking a Research Project is one of the core modules for the  Pre-Masters programme  at The University of Sheffield International College.

Frequently Asked Questions 

What is the best topic for research .

It’s a good idea to choose a topic you have existing knowledge on, or one that you are interested in. This will make the research process easier; as you have an idea of where and what to look for in your sources, as well as more enjoyable as it’s a topic you want to know more about.

What should a research project include? 

There are seven main sections to a research project, these are:

• Introduction – the aims of the project and what you hope to achieve
• Literature review – evaluating and reviewing existing knowledge on the topic
• Methodology – the methods you will use for your primary research
• Findings and results – presenting the data from your primary research
• Discussion – summarising and analysing your research and what you have found out
• Conclusion – how the project went (successes and failures), areas for future study
• List of references – correctly cited sources that have been used throughout the project. 

How long is a research project? 

The length of a research project will depend on the level study and the nature of the subject. There is no one length for research papers, however the average dissertation style essay can be anywhere from 4,000 to 15,000+ words. 

Final Report

All students are required to complete a final paper by the due date set by each program. Future SFP applications, recommendations, or acknowledgement of the award on Caltech transcripts will be jeopardized by not completing this requirement in a timely fashion. Please read all instructions below!

Final Report Writing Requirements Final reports should be clear, concise, and written for a broad scientific audience. Consult with your mentor to determine a style usually used in their discipline.

Use clear, significant words when writing your paper and avoid using jargon or specialized terms whenever possible. It is often useful for authors to have students in other disciplines read their papers to improve clarity. Work with your mentor and co-mentor to edit your paper.

Final Report Format:

Instructions for Uploading Final Paper Students must upload a draft of the final paper by their program due date:

JPL Students

• CSU STAR Students: September 1
• All Other JPL Students: Monday of student's final week.

All other students: Fourth Friday in September.

The paper must be in PDF format, and must not exceed 10MB. (If you absolutely can't make your paper smaller than 10MB, please contact [email protected] for instructions.) Once the paper is uploaded it will be locked in the system, and your mentor will be sent a message containing instructions for accessing your paper online. Your mentor then has two options:

• Approve your paper as is. You will receive confirmation of this action via e-mail.
• Return your paper and give suggestions for improvements. You will receive confirmation of this action via e-mail along with your mentor's comments. When your paper is returned, it is unlocked in the system. This allows you to incorporate your mentor's suggestions, go online to delete your previous paper, and then upload the new version. Your mentor will again receive instructions for accessing your paper and the whole process starts again. This can continue as many times as necessary until your mentor gives final approval of your paper.

Once your paper is approved, your paper will remain locked. If you would like to submit a revised version of your paper after a previous version has been approved, e-mail your revised paper to [email protected] and we will replace your old paper with the new version.

Mentors must approve the final paper no later than November 1.

Submissions to CURJ Students may submit any paper that follows the SFP final report guidelines to the Caltech Undergraduate Research Journal (CURJ). CURJ editors will work with authors to prepare their articles for publication, if selected.

A publication release signed by the head of the laboratory (not a graduate student or postdoc) will also be required. This document is legally binding. You and your mentor are advised to consult with the appropriate journals and must resolve any copyright issues before submission. Once your paper is accepted, it cannot be withdrawn.

Additional Publishing Opportunities Students are encouraged to further develop their scientific writing skills and to share their research. The Council on Undergraduate Research keeps a list of undergraduate research journals where students can submit their work. Please note, it is important to consult with your mentor before sharing your research at a conference or in a publication.

• About Grants

Sample Project Outcomes

A key component of an interim or final Research Performance Progress Report (RPPR) is the Project Outcomes summary (Section I). Project Outcomes provide information regarding the cumulative outcomes or findings of the project and are made public through NIH RePORTER.

As noted in the RPPR Instruction Guide , Project Outcome summaries should not exceed half a page and must be written according to the following guidelines:

• Is written for the general public in clear, concise, and comprehensible language
• Is suitable for dissemination to the general public, as the information may be available electronically
• Does not include proprietary, confidential information or trade secrets

Recipients conducting NIH-defined Phase III Clinical Trials must also include results of valid analyses by sex/gender, race, and ethnicity in the Project Outcome Summary (see Example 1 below).  For more information on valid analysis, see the  Analyses by Sex or Gender, Race and Ethnicity for NIH-defined Phase III Clinical Trials (Valid Analysis)  page. 

Example 1: Project Outcomes Summary for “The VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL)”

Note: this example includes the results of valid analyses by sex/gender, race, and ethnicity required for NIH-defined Phase III Clinical Trials.

Project:  “The VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL) Contact PI:   JoAnn E. Manson Organization:  Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School

The VITAL trial investigated whether taking high-dose vitamin D and/or omega-3 fatty acid supplements daily impacts the risk of cancer or cardiovascular disease among generally healthy midlife and older adults. Study participants were followed for an average of five years.

We found that overall, neither vitamin D supplementation (2000 IU daily) nor omega-3 fatty acid supplementation (1 g daily) reduced the risk of total invasive cancer. However, vitamin D supplementation did result in a 17% overall reduction in cancer death, although this was not statistically significant. With vitamin D supplementation, there were no differences between men and women in the cancer risk findings. However, a small and borderline significant 23% decrease in total cancer incidence was observed among African-American participants.  In the overall cohort, advanced cancers (metastatic plus fatal cancers) were significantly decreased. With omega-3 fatty acid supplementation, women had a small nonsignificant reduction in risk of total invasive cancer, while men had no risk reduction.

Taking daily moderate-to-high dose vitamin D supplements did not reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events such as stroke, heart attack, or cardiovascular death. These results were not significantly different when comparing men and women or when comparing participants from different racial or ethnic groups.

Similarly, omega-3 fatty acid supplementation did not result in reduced risk of major cardiovascular events for the overall study population. However, there were some differences by subgroup and the type of cardiovascular event. Among those with lower-than-average fish intake at baseline, omega-3 fatty acid supplementation reduced the risk of major cardiovascular events by 19%. When heart attack was analyzed separately, omega-3 fatty acid supplementation resulted in a 28% reduction in the risk of heart attack (similar reduction in men and women), with the greatest benefit (77% reduction) observed among African-Americans. A significant reduction in heart attack was also observed among those with lower-than-average dietary fish intake and those with two or more risk factors for heart attack.

Example 2: Project Outcomes Summary for “Heart Rate Recovery and Mortality” (R01HL066004)

Project:  “Heart Rate Recovery and Mortality” Contact PI:   Michael S Lauer, MD Organization:  Cleveland Clinic

During exercise, heart rate increases to meet increasing muscle demands for blood.  Immediately after exercise, heart rate decreases.  We call the decrease in heart rate after exercise “heart rate recovery.”  Scientists believe that heart rate recovery reflects the the “autonomic nervous system,” the part of the nervous system that we are not aware of.  It regulates “automatic” functions like heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing.  It turns out that heart rate falls faster in people who are in good physical shape.  In work we did before getting this grant, we found that slower falls in heart rate predicted a higher risk of early death.  In this project, we analyzed data from tens of thousands of Cleveland Clinic patients who had exercise tests as part of their routine care.  Our technicians recorded heart rate every few minutes during exercise and one minute after exercise.  These were some of our main findings:

• We confirmed that heart rate recovery predicts death.
• Heart rate recovery is lower in people with diabetes and in people who have more severe heart disease; even so, low heart rate recovery predicts death in people with diabetes and in people with severe heart disease.
• Heart rate recovery is lower in older adults, and predicts death in older adults.
• Heart rate recovery is lower in people who are poor (in terms of money).  We thought this might be true because some scientists think that people who are poor may suffer from problems with their nervous systems.  Our finding may help us understand why poor people have higher risks of early death.
• We found that extra heart beats after exercise also predicts death.  This finding may shed light on why people with low heart rate recovery have a higher risk of death: their nervous system problems may increase the risk of electrical problems with their hearts.   

This page last updated on: October 5, 2022

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Structure and Content of the Final Report

Expectations: Structure and Content of the Draft Report and Final Reports in CHE 451

S.W. Peretti and L.G. Bullard

Introduction

After reading the reports written for CHE 450, it is clear that there are some serious misunderstandings regarding the content and the structure of a technical report.  This document was created to convey the basic expectations that accompany any project report.  First, the large-scale structure of the report will be discussed, as motivated by the functionality of the document.  That will be followed by a discussion regarding the organization of specific sections within the report.  Finally, this document will conclude with a clarification of the expectations for project reports for the rest of the semester.  Since all of you are interested in your final grade, and since we ultimately assign those grades, you should find what follows to be very instructive.

Overall report structure

The overall structure of any report is derived in large part from the functions the report is expected to function, and the audience for whom it is written.  Your reports have several functions.  The most significant is as a yardstick to measure your team’s accomplishments against the project task plan.  The second is to give your advisors and mentors an opportunity to provide additional guidance to your efforts.  The final function is to convince your project advisors that your team is making an appropriate (excellent, average, mediocre?) effort to complete the project.

The report can be divided into three major sections, the introduction, the main body, and the summary.  The introduction informs everyone inside and outside the project team of the project definition and its significance. It will often contain historical, technical, and financial information that provides a context for the efforts associated with the project.  It should “set the stage” for the main body of the report.

The main body of the report presents the technical progress achieved by the team.  The nature of the accomplishments disclosed will be determined by the nature of the project.  Since this is a technical project, the majority of the accomplishments will be technical in nature, but any developments that will significantly affect the direction or outcome of the project are reported in this section.

The summary section provides the reader with a listing of the major accomplishments and the conclusions that the team believes should be drawn from the report.  Even though it sounds redundant, since you have already made these points in the main body of the report, it is important to restate things that were presented.  It is your final opportunity to remind the reader of all of the team’s accomplishments and to put them in their proper perspective.

Detailed Structure

The introductory section described previously will often have two distinct sections, an executive summary and a formal project introduction.  These sections have distinctly different functions, and therefore different structures.  An executive summary acts as the functional equivalent of a cover letter that you send with a resume to a potential employer.  It generates interest on the part of the reader and is hopefully creates a favorable impression. It is read by administrators who are several levels above your boss, one of whom might have the ability to approve or reject the continuation of your project.  The executive summary must summarize the scope of the project and convey the high points of the accomplishments that have occurred during the entire project

The one page executive summary should be followed by a formal project introduction that accomplishes the following:

• Full explanation of the project, particularly defining the scope of the effort.It is in this section that the rationale for the main project effort is presented so that the reader may be persuaded that the overall approach is solid and that the task sequence will be fruitful and efficient.
• Description of the efforts made during the past reporting period, with an emphasis on the information that is contained in the report.Think of this as a written table of contents.  This is your first opportunity to describe how your accomplishments fit into the overall scheme of the project and particularly how it enables the next work to be done.

It might seem that the formal project introduction is somehow preventing the reader from getting on with the most important task, which is learning about the accomplishments.  Not so. The introduction prepares the audience to more fully appreciate the significance of the results, thereby enhancing their estimation of your team’s level of accomplishment. Think of it as good public relations.

The main body of the report contains the sections that describe the technical progress achieved for the entire project.  Each section begins with an introductory paragraph that tells the reader what you will be telling them about, why it is significant, and how it relates to the overall project.  If this section is missing or inadequate, then information is presented without any context, and the reader is left to figure out for themselves why they are reading about it.  After describing the relevant accomplishments, the section is concluded by a paragraph that ties those accomplishments to the overall project and describes what additional work relative to this section will be undertaken during the next phase.  The main body will differ for each project, but typically contains components ( in no particular order ) such as:

• Technical background (you have already written this in CHE 450, but you may choose to enhance it further this semester)
• Process description
• Equipment list
• Process flow diagram, process & instrumentation diagram
• Process economics
• Relevant environmental regulations
• Process control
• Relevant safety concerns and design issues
• Site selection
• Simulation results
• Experimental design
• Experimental results
• Product design details

You should include the components that are appropriate for your project, and arrange them in a logical order.

The summary section first presents the significant accomplishments of the project team and sets forth appropriate conclusions from that information.  Reports that end without this section are the functional equivalent of a bridge that simply ends half of the way across the water without a warning or fence of any kind.  This is often the most difficult section to write because it forces the writer to select the most important results, present them in a sequence that is compelling, and draw clear conclusions from them.

All reports also have forward-looking statements. These sometimes take the form of recommendations for future directions.  In this instance, the draft report due in February should conclude with a section that describes the most important efforts to be made during the next reporting period.  In this fashion, you are receiving “buy-in” from upper management for your intended efforts.

We are asking you to submit a draft report on February 16, which counts 25% of your final grade.  The draft report should include all of the sections that will be contained in the final report, in the anticipated sequence of presentation.  It may be that progress will not be reported for some sections prior to the final phase. That is perfectly acceptable.  It is important that your group develops an effective report structure for your particular project, and that we have the opportunity to provide ample feedback regarding that structure.  This also provides us with an opportunity to determine whether you have adequately interpreted and acted upon our feedback from previous submissions.  It is better you should learn this before the final report than after.

This review of progress report structure should assist your group in developing an effective report structure that accommodates the unique content and nature of each design project.  We recommend that you refer to it often as you write and edit your documents this semester.

Grading Rubric for Draft Report and Final Report

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Table of Contents

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Generally, a research project report is displayed in a composed structure. The down to earth utility of the research study relies intensely upon how it is exhibited to the individuals who are required to follow up based on look into discoveries. The research report is a composed archive containing key parts of a research venture.

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Research Introduction

Research methodology, research results, research discussion, research references and conclusion, have a reasonable research objective, set up a working model.

• Assemble all the data about the examination theme. Who are the contenders of our clients? Converse with different analysts who have examined the subject of research, know the language of the business. Abuse of the terms can debilitate the per users of research reports from perusing further.
• Examine just the critical disclosures. On the off chance that a few information is not so much noteworthy, don’t refer to them. Recall that not all things are genuinely significant or basic inside research reports.
• Attempt and adhere to the study questions. For instance, don’t state that the individuals reviewed “were stressed” about an issue, when there are various degrees of concern.
• The charts must be sufficiently clear with the goal that they get themselves. Try not to let diagrams lead the per user to commit errors: give them a title, incorporate the signs, the size of the example, and the right wording of the inquiry.
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Book/Printed Material An analysis of heat flow in metal molds for centrifugal casting of gun tubes, airplane cylinders, tank bogey wheels and other war materiel. (Final Report No. M-138.)

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About this Item

• An analysis of heat flow in metal molds for centrifugal casting of gun tubes, airplane cylinders, tank bogey wheels and other war materiel. (Final Report No. M-138.)
• United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. National Defense Research Committee

Created / Published

• [United States] : [Office of Scientific Research and Development, National Defense Research Committee, Division 18-War Metallurgy], 10-12-1943.
• -  Report series: OEMsr-731; Project Nos. NRC-33 and OD-108; OSRD No. 1935.
• -  Research lab: Battelle Memorial Institute.
• -  Report.
• -  Digital reproduction from OSRD-NRDC microfilm; also available in print and on microfilm.
• -  Description from catalog card image included in microfilmed report.
• -  start page 535 ; end page 607
• 1 online resource (73 pages)

Call Number/Physical Location

• Library of Congress Science, Technology, and Business Division Washington, D.C. 20540 https://hdl.loc.gov/loc.gdc/scitech.home
• https://hdl.loc.gov/loc.gdc/osrd.2020670300

Library of Congress Control Number

Access advisory.

• Declassified by the authority of the Secretary of Defense Memorandum dated August 2, 1960--Title frame of microfilm reel.

Online Format

Lccn permalink.

• https://lccn.loc.gov/2020670300

Additional Metadata Formats

• MARCXML Record
• MODS Record
• Dublin Core Record
• Science, Technology, and Business Division (1,191)
• Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD) Reports (1,198)
• Library of Congress Online Catalog (1,624,329)
• Book/Printed Material

Contributor

Rights & access.

The Office of Scientific Research and Development Microfilm Collection (1941-1946) contain war-time contractual research by the U.S. government and in 1960 the Department of Defense approved public release of these reports. The Library of Congress is not aware of any U.S. copyright protection or any other restrictions in the material in this collection. Researches or others who would like to make further use of these collection materials should contact the Science Reference Section for assistance.

Responsibility for making an independent legal assessment of an item and securing any necessary permission ultimately rests with persons desiring to use the item.

More about Copyright and other Restrictions

For guidance about compiling full citations consult Citing Primary Sources .

Credit Line: OSRD Microfilm Collection, Science Reference Section, Library of Congress.

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Citations are generated automatically from bibliographic data as a convenience, and may not be complete or accurate.

Chicago citation style:

United States Office Of Scientific Research And Development. National Defense Research Committee. An analysis of heat flow in metal molds for centrifugal casting of gun tubes, airplane cylinders, tank bogey wheels and other war materiel. Final Report No. M-138 . [United States: Office of Scientific Research and Development, National Defense Research Committee, Division 18-War Metallurgy, 10-12, 1943] Pdf. https://www.loc.gov/item/2020670300/.

APA citation style:

United States Office Of Scientific Research And Development. National Defense Research Committee. (1943) An analysis of heat flow in metal molds for centrifugal casting of gun tubes, airplane cylinders, tank bogey wheels and other war materiel. Final Report No. M-138 . [United States: Office of Scientific Research and Development, National Defense Research Committee, Division 18-War Metallurgy, 10-12] [Pdf] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/2020670300/.

MLA citation style:

United States Office Of Scientific Research And Development. National Defense Research Committee. An analysis of heat flow in metal molds for centrifugal casting of gun tubes, airplane cylinders, tank bogey wheels and other war materiel. Final Report No. M-138 . [United States: Office of Scientific Research and Development, National Defense Research Committee, Division 18-War Metallurgy, 10-12, 1943] Pdf. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, <www.loc.gov/item/2020670300/>.

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