In rare cases — such as when you are facing a hostile audience, you might want to start out by emphasizing where you agree with your audience, and then carefully working your way towards your most divisive, most daring claims.
Set a timer, and deliver your speech to a willing co-worker or family member, your pet fish, or the bathroom mirror.
My students are often surprised at how hard it is to fill up 3 minutes for an informal practice speech early in the term, and how hard it is to fit everything they want to say into a 10-minute formal speech later in the term.
Once you have the right amount of content, make a video recording of yourself practicing. If you plan to show a video clip, or ad-lib an explanation of a diagram, or load a website, or pass out paper handouts, or saw an assistant in half, actually do it while the camera is rolling, so that you know exactly how much time it takes.
Time it out.
If you know your conclusion takes you 90 seconds to deliver, make sure to start your conclusion when you have at least 90 seconds left.
At several key points during your speech, maybe while you are playing a video or while the audience is taking in a complex image, glance at the clock and check to see — are you on track?
If you notice you’re starting Section 3 60 seconds later than you had intended, try to make up for time by rushing through your second example in section 3 and cutting the third example in section 4, so that you still have the full 90 seconds at the end to deliver that powerful conclusion.
I once sat through a four-hour training session, during which this was all I could see of the instructor.
Go ahead and write your whole speech out so you can read robotically if you blank out, but you should practice your speech so you know it well enough that you can glance up from your notes and look at your audience as you speak.
when you run your PowerPoint presentation. | |
, either; your audience isn’t down there. | |
Position your visual aids or keyboard so that you . |
Pay attention to the audience, and they will pay attention to you.
Don’t try to recite from memory . If you spend your energy worrying about what you’re supposed to say next, you won’t be able to pay attention to whether the audience can hear you, or whether the overhead projections are focused.
Preparation : Set up before the audience files into their seats. If you have scheduled a presentation for a class, don’t sit in your seat like a lump while your professor calls the roll and hands out papers. Few things are more boring than watching a presenter log into the computer, fiddle with the video data projector, hunt around for the light switches, etc.
Introduction : As the audience files into their seats, have a title card displayed on the screen — or at least write your name and the title of your talk on the whiteboard. In a formal setting, usually a moderator will usually introduce you, so you won’t need to repeat everything the moderator says. Avoid canned introductions like “Principal Burch, members of the faculty, and fellow students, we are gathered here today…”
Hashtag : If it’s likely that many people in your audience use the same social media network, consider encouraging them to post their thoughts there. When you introduce yourself, give your social media handle and suggest a hashtag.
Handouts : Consider distributing handouts that present the basic facts (names, dates, timelines) and your main points. You can keep the conclusion just slightly mysterious, if you don’t want to give everything away immediately, but the idea is to free the audience from the feeling that they have to write everything down themselves. (Note: Simply printing up all the overhead slides wastes a lot of paper.)
Grabber : Grab the attention of your audience with a startling fact or claim, an inspiring quotation, or a revealing anecdote. This is not the time to try out your nightclub act; the “grabber” is not just comic relief, it also helps you set up the problem that you are going to address. If the audience will be diverse and general, you can use the “grabber” as a metaphor, helping the audience see why the topic is so important to you, and how it might be important to them, too. If your audience shares your technical specialty, and thus needs no special introduction to the topic, feel free simply to state your purpose without much to-do; but bear in mind that even technical audiences don’t want to be bored.
Road Map : Once you have established the problem or the main point of your talk, let the audience know how you are going to get to a solution. You might put up a series of questions on a slide, then as your talk progresses, proceed to answer each one. You might break each question down into a series of smaller questions, and answer each one of these in turn. Each time you finish a subsection, return to the road map, to help your audience keep track of where you have been and where you are going.
Conclusion : To give your presentation closure, return to the “grabber”, and extend it, modify it, or otherwise use it to help drive home your main point. Recap your main points, and demonstrate how they all fit together into a thought that the audience members can take with them.
Don’t read word-for-word with your nose buried in a stack of papers . If you bother to show up to hear a person speak, how do you feel when the speaker mumbles through page after page of written text? Do you feel you should have just asked for a copy of the paper in the mail?
When you present, make every effort to include your audience; after all, they are the reason you are speaking in the first place.
If you do feel that you must write out your speech word-for-word, you should be familiar enough with it that you don’t need to look at the paper all the time. (And hold the page up when you glance at it, rather than bending down to look at it.)
Your slides should present an (not just the bare framework) of your talk. If you begin with a slide that lists a series of topics or questions, your audience will expect the rest of your talk to work through that list in more detail (just as this web page began with a list of tips, then followed up with details about each tip.) If each page throws up more lists, your talk will seem random. Larry Lessig (an ethicist, open-source culture activist, and politician) has developed a very sparse PowerPoint style that assists his spoken voice. His slides sometimes contain just a single word, and he times the slides so that the written words (and occasional images) emphasize the spoken words. (See: |
Vague and pointless slides are alienating. | |
A slide that simply presents the bare structure of your talk is pointless. Rather than a slide labeled “Introduction,” ask a question that actually introduces some idea. Rather than a slide labeled “Case Study 1,” give a startling fact from the case study. |
Cluttered and wordy slides can be overwhelming. | |
People can read faster than you can speak, so don’t bore the audience by reading a slide full of text word-for-word. By the time you get to the end of the slide, we will already probably be liking cat pictures on Instagram. |
Spinning and bouncing text impresses nobody (and fools nobody). The people in your audience probably see dozens of slide shows every month. They want to evaluate your ideas. Proving that you can select a cool transition from a drop-down list is not going to earn you any points or win you a contract. |
To help pace yourself, at the top of each page of your notes, write down what time it should be ; as you turn each page, you can glance at the clock and see whether you are on track.
(The first time I gave this advice to a technical writing class, I mimed the action of “looking at the clock” — and noticed that I was running ten minutes behind, eating into time that I had promised to a student for an in-class testing session. That was a rather humbling experience!)
See the “preparation” section above. If you have already practiced your speech and timed out the various sections, you’ll know whether you are running long. If you are, don’t talk faster — cut something that you already marked out as optional.
Decide in advance which examples, which anecdotes, which subsections you can drop, without damaging the whole presentation.
I was at a conference in 1998 where the first speaker talked for 40 minutes — double her allotted time. (Why the moderator allowed this is a mystery to me.)
The benefits include:
Dennis G. Jerz , 01/27/2009 07:24:28 Oct, 1999 — first written 03 Dec, 2000 — posted here 03 June 2003 — tweaked and updated 30 Oct 2011 — updated and added video links 31 May 2016 — major update; separated into “preparation” and “presentation” sections. 26 Jan 2018 — blackboard -> whiteboard
Many writers have no trouble the content of a conversation or facts, but they they freeze up when asked to formulate a theory or critique an argument. Writing Effective E-Mail: Top 10 TipsThese ten tips will help teach you how to write effective, high-quality e-mails in today’s professional environment. Write a meaningful subject line; keep the message short and readable; avoid attachments; identify yourself; don’t flame (and more). What can you do to increase your chances of having a successful group project?
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Thanks alot for your teachings
Thank a lot , really great tip for oral presentation, i’ll implement these tips, and will let you know.
Very helpful tips.
this is awfully helpful. I am a teacher in France and my students have to do presentations in English. I wish they could read this and understand.
Thank you for these very useful tips on Oral presentation. I am taking an Organizational Behavior class and need to do a 5 minute oral presentation on a real life situation about Conflict Management in the Workplace. I am not sure how to structure or begin the presentation.
I like it Really helpful for me
Thank you for helping me to do my presentation…..and I have learned so much from oral presentation.
thankyou thankyou thankyou this helped me so much!!! : )
thankyou thankyou thankyou this helped me so much in english!!! : )
Thanks. Really helpful
Hi, I going to do 3 minute presentation and my topic is My son. what is a best tips to talk about the this topic. I am not sure where to start. Any tips to help me with.
Is that the topic you were assigned? Are you taking a public speaking class, a child development class, a class in writing personal memoirs, or are you learning English as a second language? I don’t know how your instructor will evaluate your work, so I am not sure how to help.
You might find it useful to look at this handout on writing personal essays. http://jerz.setonhill.edu/writing/creative1/personal-essays/
Hi, I going to do minute presentation and my topic is My son. what is a best tips to talk about the this topic. I am not sure where to start. Any tips to help me with.
This sort of helped
Denise Gillen Caralli liked this on Facebook.
Enter your comment here…Thanks a lot… I will follow your instructions..I’m hopeful those tips will work. .. Thanks once again….
Thanks so much will follow your instruction tomorrow where I will be having presentation with 180 Head masters about suplimetary feeding on their hunger striken ares
Yeah ,thanks and good luck to all of you from a powerful Jamaican girl
That’s great… It will work well for those who are aiming for like me. Thanks!
The tips are totally handy until now I am still applying it.
Appreciate it. =)
Very helpful for my presentation. Thanks!
I have learned a lot on this…thanks
Thanks a lot I have learned so much on this
I suppose to give out a presentation on Monday on someone or something in either an athlete or an actor and I don’t know how to start
i have a question i am supposed to give a speech but it has to have a power point or a drama thing the only problem is that i can’t have a power point because it won’t work into my speech and neither will a drama thing what should i do?
I suggest you talk to whoever set up the requirement for a slideshow/drama component. Maybe there is some flexibility, or maybe you’ll find a way to work that component into your speech.
Thank you heaps this really helped a lot
that is such good information and i believe im going to pass my speeches.
wow!!this are really helpfull stuff..but im just not confident enough to stand infront of all those people..wish i could do it without them looking at me
blind fold them! just joking…I’m getting ready to do mine and I’m having the same problem as you.
this is a helpfull site
this isn’t helping me with how nervous I am!! bye!!
love it really helped
thanks you are good
I have to do a presentation about “Importance of learning English”. There are 6 people in my group including myself. The presentation has to be exactly 8 minutes. We can’t use PowerPoint. Can you give us any unique, memorable and creative idea?
What are some lessons or life experiences that you find unique and memorable? I’d probably do a play, with a character who gets into trouble because he/she doesn’t know English, and then has a chance to correct those problems by demonstrating how learning English can fix the problems.
Hello mr.Dennis,I go straight to it.how can I become the most sought after Master of Ceremony(M.C.)/tv show presenter extra-ordinaire in my country before going international?any useful tips?
Sorry, that question is not something I cover on this page.
really well writen loved how you added steps so its easy to follow clear easily can be understaned and really helps us and gives us tips that we should actually think about and use at times
Yeah! I found it quite impressive. I hope it’z gonna be helpful for me to develop my speech techniques.
Nice tips….i think it will help me. but it’s too lengthy,it takes so much of time to read.
This really helps to prepare for all sort of things, Thanks a lot
Really helpful! Thank you
Pingback: Oral Presentation Readings « readwriteredroom
i love this helpful tips of oral presentation.. hope to visit this again or i just make a hard copy of this… thank you very much for that…
it was quite helpful
thank you for the great tip, but my problem is actually that I have a presentation on ‘All About Me’ and I have to keep the audience ‘engaged’ like by making a guessing game or something. If anyone has any other ideas please help!!
This may help: http://jerz.setonhill.edu/writing/creative1/showing/
This really helped me prepare my oral presentation…thanks very much!!!!
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In the social and behavioral sciences, an oral presentation assignment involves an individual student or group of students verbally addressing an audience on a specific research-based topic, often utilizing slides to help audience members understand and retain what they both see and hear. The purpose is to inform, report, and explain the significance of research findings, and your critical analysis of those findings, within a specific period of time, often in the form of a reasoned and persuasive argument. Oral presentations are assigned to assess a student’s ability to organize and communicate relevant information effectively to a particular audience. Giving an oral presentation is considered an important learning skill because the ability to speak persuasively in front of an audience is transferable to most professional workplace settings.
Oral Presentations. Learning Co-Op. University of Wollongong, Australia; Oral Presentations. Undergraduate Research Office, Michigan State University; Oral Presentations. Presentations Research Guide, East Carolina University Libraries; Tsang, Art. “Enhancing Learners’ Awareness of Oral Presentation (Delivery) Skills in the Context of Self-regulated Learning.” Active Learning in Higher Education 21 (2020): 39-50.
In some classes, writing the research paper is only part of what is required in reporting the results your work. Your professor may also require you to give an oral presentation about your study. Here are some things to think about before you are scheduled to give a presentation.
1. What should I say?
If your professor hasn't explicitly stated what the content of your presentation should focus on, think about what you want to achieve and what you consider to be the most important things that members of the audience should know about your research. Think about the following: Do I want to inform my audience, inspire them to think about my research, or convince them of a particular point of view? These questions will help frame how to approach your presentation topic.
2. Oral communication is different from written communication
Your audience has just one chance to hear your talk; they can't "re-read" your words if they get confused. Focus on being clear, particularly if the audience can't ask questions during the talk. There are two well-known ways to communicate your points effectively, often applied in combination. The first is the K.I.S.S. method [Keep It Simple Stupid]. Focus your presentation on getting two to three key points across. The second approach is to repeat key insights: tell them what you're going to tell them [forecast], tell them [explain], and then tell them what you just told them [summarize].
3. Think about your audience
Yes, you want to demonstrate to your professor that you have conducted a good study. But professors often ask students to give an oral presentation to practice the art of communicating and to learn to speak clearly and audibly about yourself and your research. Questions to think about include: What background knowledge do they have about my topic? Does the audience have any particular interests? How am I going to involve them in my presentation?
4. Create effective notes
If you don't have notes to refer to as you speak, you run the risk of forgetting something important. Also, having no notes increases the chance you'll lose your train of thought and begin relying on reading from the presentation slides. Think about the best ways to create notes that can be easily referred to as you speak. This is important! Nothing is more distracting to an audience than the speaker fumbling around with notes as they try to speak. It gives the impression of being disorganized and unprepared.
NOTE: A good strategy is to have a page of notes for each slide so that the act of referring to a new page helps remind you to move to the next slide. This also creates a natural pause that allows your audience to contemplate what you just presented.
Strategies for creating effective notes for yourself include the following:
Creating and Using Overheads. Writing@CSU. Colorado State University; Kelly, Christine. Mastering the Art of Presenting. Inside Higher Education Career Advice; Giving an Oral Presentation. Academic Skills Centre. University of Canberra; Lucas, Stephen. The Art of Public Speaking . 12th edition. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 2015; Peery, Angela B. Creating Effective Presentations: Staff Development with Impact . Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield Education, 2011; Peoples, Deborah Carter. Guidelines for Oral Presentations. Ohio Wesleyan University Libraries; Perret, Nellie. Oral Presentations. The Lab Report. University College Writing Centre. University of Toronto; Speeches. The Writing Center. University of North Carolina; Storz, Carl et al. Oral Presentation Skills. Institut national de télécommunications, EVRY FRANCE.
In the process of organizing the content of your presentation, begin by thinking about what you want to achieve and how are you going to involve your audience in the presentation.
GENERAL OUTLINE
I. Introduction [may be written last]
II. The Body
III. The Conclusion
NOTE: When asking your audience if anyone has any questions, give people time to contemplate what you have said and to formulate a question. It may seem like an awkward pause to wait ten seconds or so for someone to raise their hand, but it's frustrating to have a question come to mind but be cutoff because the presenter rushed to end the talk.
ANOTHER NOTE: If your last slide includes any contact information or other important information, leave it up long enough to ensure audience members have time to write the information down. Nothing is more frustrating to an audience member than wanting to jot something down, but the presenter closes the slides immediately after finishing.
Creating and Using Overheads. Writing@CSU. Colorado State University; Giving an Oral Presentation. Academic Skills Centre. University of Canberra; Lucas, Stephen. The Art of Public Speaking . 12th ed. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 2015; Peery, Angela B. Creating Effective Presentations: Staff Development with Impact . Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield Education, 2011; Peoples, Deborah Carter. Guidelines for Oral Presentations. Ohio Wesleyan University Libraries; Perret, Nellie. Oral Presentations. The Lab Report. University College Writing Centre. University of Toronto; Speeches. The Writing Center. University of North Carolina; Storz, Carl et al. Oral Presentation Skills. Institut national de télécommunications, EVRY FRANCE.
When delivering your presentation, keep in mind the following points to help you remain focused and ensure that everything goes as planned.
Pay Attention to Language!
Use Your Voice to Communicate Clearly
Also Use Your Body Language to Communicate!
Interact with the Audience
Amirian, Seyed Mohammad Reza and Elaheh Tavakoli. “Academic Oral Presentation Self-Efficacy: A Cross-Sectional Interdisciplinary Comparative Study.” Higher Education Research and Development 35 (December 2016): 1095-1110; Balistreri, William F. “Giving an Effective Presentation.” Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 35 (July 2002): 1-4; Creating and Using Overheads. Writing@CSU. Colorado State University; Enfield, N. J. How We Talk: The Inner Workings of Conversation . New York: Basic Books, 2017; Giving an Oral Presentation. Academic Skills Centre. University of Canberra; Lucas, Stephen. The Art of Public Speaking . 12th ed. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 2015; Peery, Angela B. Creating Effective Presentations: Staff Development with Impact . Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield Education, 2011; Peoples, Deborah Carter. Guidelines for Oral Presentations. Ohio Wesleyan University Libraries; Perret, Nellie. Oral Presentations. The Lab Report. University College Writing Centre. University of Toronto; Speeches. The Writing Center. University of North Carolina; Storz, Carl et al. Oral Presentation Skills. Institut national de télécommunications, EVRY FRANCE.
Your First Words are Your Most Important Words!
Your introduction should begin with something that grabs the attention of your audience, such as, an interesting statistic, a brief narrative or story, or a bold assertion, and then clearly tell the audience in a well-crafted sentence what you plan to accomplish in your presentation. Your introductory statement should be constructed so as to invite the audience to pay close attention to your message and to give the audience a clear sense of the direction in which you are about to take them.
Lucas, Stephen. The Art of Public Speaking . 12th edition. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 2015.
Talk to Your Audience, Don't Read to Them!
A presentation is not the same as reading a prepared speech or essay. If you read your presentation as if it were an essay, your audience will probably understand very little about what you say and will lose their concentration quickly. Use notes, cue cards, or presentation slides as prompts that highlight key points, and speak to your audience . Include everyone by looking at them and maintaining regular eye-contact [but don't stare or glare at people]. Limit reading text to quotes or to specific points you want to emphasize.
“Man is by nature a social animal,” the famous Greek philosopher Aristotle wrote more than 2,000 years ago. And communication…
“Man is by nature a social animal,” the famous Greek philosopher Aristotle wrote more than 2,000 years ago.
And communication lies at the heart of all social relationships.
From the time you enter this world, you start communicating. Your first cry is your first attempt at verbal communication. And as you start growing, you find newer ways of communication. You learn to form words and sentences to communicate.
This is the beginning of verbal communication.
Characteristics of verbal communication, types of verbal communication, advantages of verbal communication.
Verbal communication means effectively presenting your thoughts in verbal format i.e., by talking. Verbal communication skills are essential in the world of business. Be it a weekly meeting or presentation to stakeholders, the importance of verbal communication is unparalleled. People always remember a person who speaks clearly, effectively, confidently, and charismatically.
For instance, Apple co-founder Steve Jobs’s speech launching the iPhone is a classic example of brilliant verbal communication that people remember even today. Similarly, many speeches made by former US President Barack Obama are also unforgettable.
A powerful speaker is also able to connect with their audience easily. Like Oprah Winfrey says, “Great communication begins with a connection.”
You too can be a great speaker with practice. Most of us possess the means of verbal communication, what’s important is to recognize how to maximize them. Read on to learn more about its distinct characteristics.
Before we explore the various defining features of verbal communication, let’s look at its primary form. Verbal communication is oral in nature. Oral communication encompasses various activities such as talking, laughing or listening. We often navigate different emotional situations through oral forms of communication.
We also have written communication that includes script, alphabets, acronyms, logos and graphics. To interpret written messages, everyone involved must understand the code (e.g., the language). This is different from verbal or spoken communication.
The message being communicated is directly or indirectly related to an object
We use concepts to communicate messages
The content should be understood by both the sender and receiver
Cultural factors influence the content of messages
While communicating emotions and feelings, a sender’s state of mind influences the content of messages
Even though we talk to our friends, family and coworkers on a regular basis, we may not always be aware of how we’re communicating. Mastering the art of verbal communication will help you in more ways than one. Let’s explore different types of verbal communication and how your audience factors into it.
Verbal communication goes beyond words, sounds and languages. You need to know your audience to talk to them better. Remember that you can follow the Pyramid Principle and start with your main argument and then follow up with supporting statements. You can classify verbal communication into four types based on your audience.
This is your private verbal communication channel. You talk to yourself and articulate your thoughts. Communicating with yourself will give you more confidence and clarity in your thoughts. It’ll help you make up your mind, form your sentences, find suitable words and effective ways to connect with other people. This will help you gain your colleagues’ trust in the workplace.
You can also call this one-to-one verbal communication. This type of communication happens between two individuals. It helps you understand if you’re getting your thoughts across clearly. Reactions, responses and verbal and nonverbal cues from the other person will help you understand whether you’re being understood or not. Make sure that you listen to the other person intently. Communication doesn’t just mean to talk to someone. It’s also about listening. So, listen, think and then respond. Take time to think and make sure you don’t offend people with your response.
The number of people increases in small group communication. You move from communicating with a single participant to a few more. These small groups could be team meetings, board meetings or sales meetings. The number of participants is small enough for everyone to communicate with each other. When you attend small group meetings, be prepared with a topic to make sure you stay on track. Stay on topic and allow enough time for everyone to present their thoughts.
You may also know this type as ‘ public speaking ’. Here, an individual addresses a large number of people at once. Speeches, election campaigns and presentations are a few examples of public communication. Since the number of people in the audience is larger in this type of communication, be sure to use words and phrases they’ll understand easily and structure your thoughts before addressing the audience. The more prepared you are, the more confident you’ll feel like a public speaker.
Verbal communication is a broad topic. There are various elements that help us organize our thoughts around it. They are:
When you express yourself your tone determines the message to be interpreted. For example, you can be saying something nice but if your tone is a sarcastic tone, the message will be conveyed differently. Your tone makes a huge difference to your speech.
The pace at which you speak is important as it determines the reaction of your audience. You may have attended lectures or webinars where people speaking slowly and softly can get boring. Similarly, it may be difficult to understand someone speaking at a rapid pace.
Volume ranges from a whisper to a scream. The volume at which you talk can convey various meanings. For example, if you whisper into someone’s ears in the presence of multiple people, it can be misconstrued as something negative. On the other hand, screaming while someone is talking is rude. Always monitor your volume depending on the social context you’re in.
Additionally, language, grammar and vocabulary are critical aspects of verbal communication. An erroneous message to a hiring manager, for example, can make or break your career opportunity. This is why verbal communication is a critical skill for success in professional settings as well. Effective communication helps with decision-making and increases collaboration in teams. Let’s look at the benefits of different types of verbal communication.
Verbal communication is one of the most important mediums of communication. The stronger your communication skills are, the easier it is for you to establish trust and build lasting relationships with others. Here are some benefits of strong verbal communication skills:
It provides complete understanding and there’s room to clarify any messages that may have been misunderstood
It’s one of the fastest modes of communication and is time-efficient
There is space for providing feedback, which allows two or more people to engage in a conversation at the same time
It allows speakers to exercise influence and persuade listeners to agree with ideas, thoughts and opinions
It’s flexible, that is, you can change your language and tone depending on the situation you’re in or the relationship you share with an individual
In short, verbal communication is one of the most reliable methods of communication. Its benefits apply to the world of work as well. Let’s look at the various ways in which strong verbal communication skills can be beneficial for professionals:
Verbal communication allows you to build strong interpersonal relationships. It’s easier when you find like-minded people who share similar interests, ideas and outlooks. This further encourages you to cooperate, collaborate and engage in teamwork.
In professional settings, you need to exert a certain amount of influence to get things going. For example, if you want your coworkers to join your project, you need to be able to convince them first. Even in brainstorming sessions, you need to be able to convince others of your ideas and perspectives.
As verbal communication enables feedback, you can provide clarity to your message by repeating yourself. For example, in conflicts or arguments, you can repeat your message so that there’s no room for ambiguity.
With proper communication in place, you can communicate effectively with team members and people across the organization. Well-established relationships enhance the process, allowing you to cooperate and collaborate quickly. Group discussions and teamwork maximize output, therefore increasing productivity.
Verbal communication plays a crucial role in providing feedback and recognizing individual effort. Whether it’s a congratulatory speech or email, words of support and appreciation boosts confidence levels. If you’re a manager, don’t miss the opportunity to celebrate your team’s success and efforts. Not only will they get encouraged to do better, but it also cements your relationship with them.
Therefore, effective verbal communication opens up a two-way street that allows individuals to interact, engage and collaborate with each other, improving organizational efficiency and productivity. On an individual level, it helps you become more confident and a well-rounded professional.
Harappa offers two courses to build your communication skills— Writing Proficiently and Speaking Effectively . They’ll help you break the barriers and connect with your colleagues and the people around you. With key frameworks like the Pyramid Principle and PAM (Purpose-Audience-Message), you’ll learn how to communicate with impact.
Explore blogs on topics such as effective communication , the 7 barriers of communication , types of nonverbal communication , the different types of communication , and verbal and nonverbal communication on Harappa Diaries to make your world of work better.
In this section, we'll look at a few examples of how you might cite your sources in your presentation.
You can also learn more about your rights and responsibilities when using copyrighted material on Sheridan Library's Copyright for Students guide .
Note: Citation examples on this page use APA Style (7th Edition).
Check with your professor first to find out which citation style they want you to use (e.g., APA, MLA, etc.) for your project, and then find the right citation style guide on Sheridan Library's Citing Your Sources site to learn more!
Style guides like APA offer guidance on citing print sources in research essays, but don't have specific rules around presentation slide decks.
An easy solution is to follow the same author-date citation system to create in-text citations in your slides that match up with a reference list at the end of your slide deck . You need to make sure you're adding in-text citations in two key places: your slide deck and in the speaker notes in your slides.
Watch the video below to learn more about citing sources in your slide deck:
Style guides like APA offer guidance on citing tables (e.g., charts, graphs, etc.) and figures (e.g., photos, images, etc.) in research essays, but don't have specific rules around presentation slide decks.
Watch the video below to learn the basics about citing images found online using APA Style. For more information, check out the links below the video to learn more about citing tables and images from other sources:
During an oral presentation, it's important to tell your audience where information, ideas, or words came from as you say it .
Your audience can't check your in-text citations or reference list easily in the middle of a live presentation, and it's difficult to tell which ideas are yours and which ideas came from another person. It's important to introduce your source before you present the information so your audience has more context about the original source and how you used it to build your argument.
Watch the video below to learn more about how to cite sources in a speech or during a presentation:
Tell your audience what you're quoting by clearly marking the beginning and ending of the quote using one of the following options:
Footnotes in research essays can be used for a few different reasons, including:
APA Style does not recommend using footnotes for citations or parenthetical information in research essays, but there are no rules about their use in presentation slide decks. Check with your professor first if you'd like to use footnotes in your slide deck.
Below is an example of a slide deck that includes a footnote with a parenthetical citation, a footnote that includes the full reference, and a reference list that would appear on the last slide of your presentation:
Footnotes in Slide Decks by Sheridan Learning Services
Check out the video below to learn how to add footnotes in a PowerPoint slide deck:
EA Sports has delivered its first major update for its wildly popular College Football 25 game.
The patch arrived Wednesday morning, August 8, and the Orlando-based company laid out all the changes big and small on the Campus Notes page on its website.
The patch was hinted since late July when EA first laid out minor adjustments it was making to College Football 25, the first video game of its kind since NCAA Football 14 came out in 2013. The game made $500 million before the end of July and saw 5 million unique players in its opening week, according to On3 .
There's a lot in the patch, from new formations and uniforms to bug fixes. And yes, Florida State fans should now be able to hear the War Chant in the pregame.
Here are the 10 biggest fixes in the College Football 25 patch: - pursuit angles have been tuned and broken tackles from trailing defenders got reduced - wildcat is no longer as OP and the 360 and side step abilities are tuned - reduced the number of unrecruited 4 and 5 stars… — Bordeaux (@bordeauxyoutube) August 8, 2024
Here's a summary of the updates EA Sports announced in their first major patch, followed by the full breakdown of changes:
Here are all the changes EA Sports announced regarding gameplay:
Here are all the changes EA Sports announced regarding player abilities:
Here are all the changes EA Sports announced regarding Dynasty mode, including recruiting, Supersim, polls and custom conferences and schedules:
Here are all the changes EA Sports announced regarding Road to Glory mode:
Here are all the changes EA Sports announced regarding Ultimate Team mode:
Here are all the changes EA Sports announced regarding game presentation:
Here is the change EA Sports announced regarding Road to CFP mode:
Department of Bioengineering, P.C. Rossin College of Engineering & Applied Sciences, Lehigh University
Layla was awarded an oral presentation award at the 2024 Lehigh Research Day with her poster entitled “Achieving temporal control over gene editing through biomaterial-guided CRISPR delivery”. Layla is an undergraduate researcher in the TGF lab supported through the Clare Boothe Luce Undergraduate Research Award.
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Published 3:45 pm Friday, August 9, 2024
By Staff Reports
Vicksburg’s Mattie C. Derivaux spent part of her summer attending the Medical Student Research Program (MSRP) through the University of Mississippi Medical Center, where she is a rising M2 student.
Derivaux’s MSRP project was one of eight selected for an oral presentation at MSRP Discovery Day, which took place on the final day of the program. Her presentation was then selected as the Most Outstanding Oral Presentation at Discovery Day.
Derivaux is a 2019 honor graduate of St. Aloysius High School, where she was the class valedictorian and won the Spirit Award.
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She attended the University of Mississippi, majoring in biochemistry and finished as an honor graduate.
Upon completion of her first year of medical school, Derivaux took part in the MSRP, where she worked in the Memory Impairment and Neurodegenerative Dementia (MIND) Center under her mentors, including Dr. Srishti Shrestha, Dr. Gwen Windham, Dr. Kevin Sullivan, and Dr. Michael Griswold.
Derivaux is the daughter of Allen Derivaux.
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By Anna Chapman Aug. 12, 2024
Over the summer, undergraduate students from Emory and other institutions dove into research ranging from infectious diseases to theatre. They displayed their research in late July through oral and poster presentations on Emory’s campus. Photos by Daniel Kumi, Emory Photo/Video.
Emory’s Atlanta campus was alive with thought-provoking discussion, inquisitive questions and displays of intellectual curiosity during the Summer Undergraduate Research Symposium at the Emory Student Center and Performing Arts Studio on Wednesday, July 31.
More than 111 undergraduate students from Emory and other institutions across the country spent 10 weeks in the Summer Undergraduate Research Experience (SURE) program conducting independent research, connecting with distinguished researchers and forging bonds with fellow students.
The SURE program, housed in Undergraduate Research Programs (URP), an office within the Pathways Center , provides housing and a stipend to support students’ research and professional development efforts. Research projects this summer encompassed a variety of fields, including arts, humanities and sciences. In addition to conducting full-time research under a faculty member’s supervision, students participated in professional development exercises and seminars.
Keira Davis , associate director for undergraduate research in URP, expressed pride in the variety of disciplines represented at the symposium.
“We need an interdisciplinary approach to move forward in the world. It’s critical to have multiple perspectives from different backgrounds,” said Davis. “Sometimes, for example, a science major would interpret something different than a history major. Having all these different projects in one room is valuable beyond measure.”
Davis also noted her excitement about the future of undergraduate research at Emory.
“I'm enthusiastic about the future of undergraduate research on campus, especially as we expand into interdisciplinary approaches. It will be fascinating to see how collaboration across various fields and departments enhances the depth and breadth of research opportunities,” said Davis.
The symposium opened in the morning with two stirring piano performances in the Performing Arts Studio by Satvik Elayavalli and Peiming Yang, both supervised by Elena Cholakova , professor of piano studies and associate music professor.
Yang, a rising senior double majoring in music composition and psychology, spent 10 weeks studying and practicing Chopin’s Ballade No. 2 and No. 3. He noted how SURE allowed him to explore his passions in piano.
“During the regular semester, it’s really hard for me to devote time to practicing because of academics, so summer is a great opportunity to concentrate and focus on piano,” Yang said. “SURE has enabled me to do that.”
Following the piano performances, students, mentors and supporters moved into the Emory Student Center for an afternoon of oral and poster presentations.
Max Coplin, a rising senior from Brooklyn, New York, focused on a topic within her classics major and ethics minor. Her oral presentation, “Rational Hippocratic magic: Is there a place for magic in the healing traditions of Classical and Hellenistic Greece?” was supervised by Sandra Blakely , chair and associate professor of classics.
Coplin’s project had surprising findings. She discovered that folk, magical and Hippocratic healing existed in the same space at the same time in ancient Greece, a conclusion that goes directly against many scholarly perspectives.
“The research has implications in the usage of cases from the ancient world in modern medicine and anthropological studies,” said Coplin. “It’s important work to further the field concerning the relations between traditions of magic and medicine.”
Blakely said the project was a natural extension of discussions they’d held in a class Coplin took last spring.
“Max is such a self-starter. She came into the project with fully formed questions and it was wonderful to see her set parameters of how much she was going to read and then really digest it and create the webwork of meaning between current scholarship and old scholarship,” said Blakely.
“The summer research experience is one in which the student has a chance to let the sources themselves speak a little more clearly than during the semester when they’re just barreling toward the next exam or paper. There’s an organic quality about it that really maps onto what it means to do professional research in the field,” continued Blakely.
Toluwanimi Olaleye, an Oxford College and rising third-year student studying psychology from Philadelphia, also delivered an oral presentation, titled “Gun violence as a public health crisis: Exploring its impact on the mental health of children and adolescents.” Olaleye was mentored this summer by Leyla Eghbalzad , assistant professor of psychology at Oxford College.
Olaleye conducted a literature review and interviewed professionals in health care, public policy and gun violence advocacy. She found both legislative and community-based factors that influence gun violence.
“After being personally affected by gun violence, it was something I wanted to research. Coming to Oxford and hearing about the SURE program, I knew it was a way to pursue this further,” said Olaleye. “After this research, I’m considering taking it a step further and getting a master’s degree in public health.”
In the poster presentation hall, students displayed charts, graphs, research questions, suggestions for further research and more. They proudly stood by their posters — many alongside their project mentors — engaging visitors and explaining what they spent their time researching this summer.
Bella Parker, a rising fourth-year student from Newnan, Georgia, spent her summer at Emory, away from her home institution of Stetson University in Florida. The molecular and cellular biology major worked on a project titled “Investigating the effects of antibiotics on e. coli K-12 outer membrane permeability in response to O antigen re-introduction,” mentored by Marcin Grabowicz , associate professor of microbiology in the School of Medicine.
Parker was eager to gain more experience in a new lab and in a field related to previous lab work she’d completed.
“Marcin has taught me so much. Last summer, I worked in a cell culture lab at Wake Forest University School of Medicine, and this summer was a transition from cell culture to more bacterial physiology,” said Parker. “Being able to learn different techniques and expose myself to different biological fields has been great. I also loved participating in a program that invests in undergraduate endeavors and their futures.”
Grabowicz expressed his excitement about having new, eager students in the lab to tackle intense scientific endeavors.
“It’s easy to lose sight of how exciting working in a lab is for students because I’ve done it for so long,” said Grabowicz. “It’s nice to see them come in and learn the techniques that we take for granted every day, and to get a sense of that enthusiasm and motivation to get experience.”
Cormack Ye, a rising fourth-year student majoring in interdisciplinary studies, used his time in SURE to conduct research for what will become his senior thesis. The research, titled “Development and application of AI curricula in Emory University’s Goizueta Business School: Strategies for addressing labor market changes,” was advised by Mark Risjord , director of the Institute for the Liberal Arts at Emory.
“Dr. Risjord is a great professor who knows so much about interdisciplinary study, which is a critical component if you really want to understand AI,” said Ye. “It’s been great for this to be my main focus this summer and to talk with Dr. Risjord weekly.”
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Delivery. It is important to dress appropriately, stand up straight, and project your voice towards the back of the room. Practise using a microphone, or any other presentation aids, in advance. If you don't have your own presenting style, think of the style of inspirational scientific speakers you have seen and imitate it.
Presentation skills are the abilities and qualities necessary for creating and delivering a compelling presentation that effectively communicates information and ideas. They encompass what you say, how you structure it, and the materials you include to support what you say, such as slides, videos, or images. You'll make presentations at various ...
Here are a few tips for business professionals who want to move from being good speakers to great ones: be concise (the fewer words, the better); never use bullet points (photos and images paired ...
Oral Presentations. Or. l Presen. ations1. PlanningOral presentations are one of the most common assignments i. college courses. Scholars, professionals, and students in all fields desire to disseminate the new knowledge they produce, and this is often accomplished by delivering oral presentations in class, at conferences, in public lectures, or i.
An oral presentation is a form of verbal communication delivered to an audience. It is a way to share information, persuade them of an idea, or keep them updated. Visual aids like slides, handouts, or demonstrations often support a speaking presentation. Oral presentations in business communication have several purposes.
A presentation is a means of communication that can be adapted to various speaking situations, such as talking to a group, addressing a meeting or briefing a team. A presentation can also be used as a broad term that encompasses other 'speaking engagements' such as making a speech at a wedding, or getting a point across in a video conference.
Define your topic. Arrange your material in a way that makes sense for your objectives. Compose your presentation. Create visual aids. Practice your presentation (don't forget to time it!) Make necessary adjustments. Analyze the room where you'll be giving your presentation (set-up, sight lines, equipment, etc.). Practice again.
Humor, empathy and factual tones are some of many which allows a speaker to connect with the audience and the topic. 3. Briefly research arguments for and against your topic. This allows the audience to observe both sides of the topic and feel as if they have made a fair judgement when convinced.
Delivering effective oral presentations involves three components: what you say ( verbal ), how you say it with your voice ( vocal ), and everything the audience can see about you ( visual ). For ...
How great leaders inspire action. Loading... Get a daily email featuring the latest talk, plus a quick mix of trending content. TED Members make our mission possible by supporting global access to inspiring ideas. Plus, they get to attend exclusive events. Help support a better future - and a brighter you.
20. Anticipate questions and prepare thoughtful answers in advance. A key component of preparing for an effective oral presentation is anticipating questions and creating thoughtful responses beforehand. It demonstrates that you are knowledgeable about the subject and that you gave the subject some research.
An oral presentation differs from a speech in that it usually has visual aids and may involve audience interaction; ideas are both shown and explained. A speech, on the other hand, is a formal verbal discourse addressing an audience, without visual aids and audience participation.
They are all one of the types of oral presentations. Oral presentations involve the use of verbal and non-verbal elements to deliver a speech to a particular or general audience. All the types we discussed fall into these 4 broad categories: 1. Extemporaneous presentations. This type of presentation involves making short pointers or key phrases ...
Tip #4: Use non-verbal clues strategically. "Make sure you use your body for inflections and gestures and think about how to move your body in space," Bailey says. "Think about standing tall, lengthening your spine and stretching your tailbone and you will be perceived by your audience as more energized.".
To assist the audience, a speaker could start by saying, "Today, I am going to cover three main points.". Then, state what each point is by using transitional words such as "First," "Second," and "Finally.". For research focused presentations, the structure following the overview is similar to an academic paper.
This clarifies the overall purpose of your talk and reinforces your reason for being there. Follow these steps: Signal that it's nearly the end of your presentation, for example, "As we wrap up/as we wind down the talk…". Restate the topic and purpose of your presentation - "In this speech I wanted to compare…". 5.
Take a pause after you ask a question or make a strong statement. Spare your audience a moment to think, reflect, and ponder. Or leave a gap of silence right before you present something exciting to build suspense and anticipation. No one expects you to go on talking for 10-15 minutes without a pause.
An oral presentation is a form of assessment frequently use in the classroom. Oral assessments range from projects to group work to speeches. An oral presentation explains something to an audience. Teachers grade oral presentations based on the information quality presented and presentation method.
Here are five presentation tips to help you create a strong presentation and wow your audience: 1. Keep it simple. Simple means something different to everyone. Before creating your presentation, take note of your intended audience and their knowledge level of your subject. You'll want your content to be easy for your intended audience to follow.
CREATE THIS PRESENTATION. 2. Persuasive presentation. If you've ever been swayed by a passionate speaker armed with compelling arguments, you've experienced a persuasive presentation . This type of presentation is like a verbal tug-of-war, aiming to convince the audience to see things from a specific perspective.
An oral presentation is not a timed essay test, in which you get points for spewing out as many details as possible. Most people in your audience probably won't care how much your rats weighted, or what brand oscilloscope you used, or what version of MATLAB is running on your computer.
In the social and behavioral sciences, an oral presentation assignment involves an individual student or group of students verbally addressing an audience on a specific research-based topic, often utilizing slides to help audience members understand and retain what they both see and hear. The purpose is to inform, report, and explain the significance of research findings, and your critical ...
Verbal communication means effectively presenting your thoughts in verbal format i.e., by talking. Verbal communication skills are essential in the world of business. Be it a weekly meeting or presentation to stakeholders, the importance of verbal communication is unparalleled.
During an oral presentation, it's important to tell your audience where information, ideas, or words came from as you say it. Your audience can't check your in-text citations or reference list easily in the middle of a live presentation, and it's difficult to tell which ideas are yours and which ideas came from another person.
Here are all the changes EA Sports announced regarding game presentation: Added new uniform pieces for Baylor, Oregon, Iowa State, Ole Miss, Vanderbilt, Bowling Green, Northwestern, UTEP, Boise ...
Nowadays, lecturers are integrating numerous technologies in their classrooms due to the Covid-19 outbreak. Hence, it has allowed the widespread use of recorded videos in English classrooms. Thus, this study has been conducted to find out the students' perceptions on the implementation of oral presentation through recorded video. 164 semester 1 Diploma students of Politeknik Kota Bharu were ...
These proceedings: Will commence with presentations reviewing the trajectory of efforts to promote diagnostic excellence and a state-of-the-science review and discussion. Present and discuss research advances and ongoing studies through both open discussions and presentations of oral abstracts and posters. Will include sessions focused on ...
Layla was awarded an oral presentation award at the 2024 Lehigh Research Day with her poster entitled "Achieving temporal control over gene editing through biomaterial-guided CRISPR delivery". Layla is an undergraduate researcher in the TGF lab supported through the Clare Boothe Luce Undergraduate Research Award. Share this post: Share on X (Twitter) Share on Facebook […]
Her presentation was then selected as the Most Outstanding Oral Presentation at Discovery Day. Derivaux is a 2019 honor graduate of St. Aloysius High School, where she was the class valedictorian ...
Her oral presentation, "Rational Hippocratic magic: Is there a place for magic in the healing traditions of Classical and Hellenistic Greece?" was supervised by Sandra Blakely, chair and associate professor of classics. Coplin's project had surprising findings. She discovered that folk, magical and Hippocratic healing existed in the same ...