scheme of work for jss 2 first term civic education

1ST TERM JSS2 CIVIC EDUCATION Scheme of Work and Note

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FIRST TERM E-LEARNING NOTE

SUBJECT: CIVIC EDUCATION CLASS: JSS 2

WEEK  CONTENT

1 Integrity

2 People of integrity in Nigeria

3. Contentment

• 2ND TERM JSS2 CIVIC EDUCATION Scheme of Work and Note
• 3RD TERM JSS2 CIVIC EDUCATION Scheme of Work and Note

4. Discipline

5. Respect for rules and regulations

7. Nigeria as a federation

8. Characteristics of a Federation

9. Government.

10.   Legislature

11.   Judiciary

12   Revision  

TOPIC: INTEGRITY

• Meaning of integrity
• Attributes of integrity
• People of integrity in Nigeria .

Meaning of Integrity: According to the Encarta Dictionary, the word integrity means the quality of possessing and steadfastly adhering to high moral principles or professional standards. That is the ability to stick to high moral principles in every situation.

Attributes of Integrity : these are

1.  Probity

2.  Contentment

3.  Truthfulness

4.  Fair-play

5.  Non-compromise of principles.

1.  What is integrity?

2.  List three persons of integrity that you know.

Probity : Probity means absolute moral soundness. A man or woman of integrity has sound moral character that cannot be faulted.

Contentment: This is the feeling of being satisfied with one’s present possession. Integrity makes a person to be contented. A man of integrity is ever satisfied with what he can honestly acquire.

Truthfulness: This is the act of telling the truth always. A man of integrity tells the truth and stands by it and always ready to suffer for the truth.

Fair-Play: This is the habit of putting oneself in other people’s shoes when dealing or relating with them. A person of integrity likes fair-play and follows the golden rule of “do unto others, as you want others do unto you”

Non-Compromise of Principle: Men of integrity hardly compromise the attributes of integrity such as honesty, contentment and so on. That is they always stick to those qualities .

1.  State five attributes of integrity.

2.  Explain clearly any two of these attributes.

People of Integrity In Nigeria .

Nigeria has so many men and women of integrity among whom are the following :

• Dr. Tai Solarin
• Chief Emeka Anyaoku
• Dr. Akiola Aguda
• Prof. Dora Akunyili
• Prof. Olikoye Ransome Kuti
• Chief Gani Fawehinmi
• Adams Oshiomole
• Prof. Wole Soyinka
• Gen. Muritala Ramat Mohammed etc

GENERAL EVALUATION/REVISION QUESTIONS

• Mention five people of integrity in Nigeria .

3. What are values?

4. Mention three types of values.

READING ASSIGNMENT

Fundamentals of Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemi pages 1-5

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1.  Which of these is not an attribute of integrity?

 A. Probity B. Contentment C. Cunniness  D. Fair-play

2.  The feeling of being satisfied with one’s present possession is called ________ .

 A. accountability  B. honesty C. contentment  D. fair-play

3.  A man or woman of integrity is always_____.

 A. neat B. truthful C. fluent D. rich

4.  Absolute moral soundness is called ______.

 A. principle B. probity C. fair-play D. education

5.  The habit of putting one-self in other people’s shoes when we relate with others is called _____.

 A. honesty B. cleverness C. truthfulness D. fair-play

1.  Define integrity.

2.  List the attributes of integrity and four persons of integrity in Nigeria .

TOPIC: PEOPLE OF INTEGRITY IN NIGERIA

Some of the people of integrity in Nigeria earned their reputations in the following ways:

Prof Dora Akunyili : Professor Akunyili gained international recognition as an author of international standard. But more importantly, she became a notable person of integrity during her tenure as the Director General of NAFDAC (National Agency of Food Drugs Administration and Control). She fought tooth and nail against counterfeit drugs and unsafe food. She did all these at the expense of her personal safety.

Some of the numerous awards received by her are

• Person of the year 2005 award

Prof. Wole Soyinka is a renowned play-Wright. In 1986 he became the first black African to be awarded the Noble prize for Literature. Prof. Soyinka is a social critic. His works openly criticize the Nigeria n government . He was imprisoned for two years on the charges that he aided the attempted secession of Biafra from Nigeria . He was however released in 1969.

Gen. Murtala Ramat Mohammed : he became Nigeria n Head of State on July 29, 1975. He scraped the controversial 1973 census and reverted to the 1963 count for official purposes. He purged the civil service, judiciary, police force, diplomatic service, public corporations and some of their officials were brought to trial on charges of corruption.

Note: the attributes of integrity in the brief history of the lives of the persons and many more .

• What are the attributes of integrity, common in the three of them?
• Is any attribute of integrity missing in them? What is it?

Need For People of Integrity

Every society is in dare need of people of integrity for the following reasons:

1.   Community development : Unless there are men of integrity, money meant for community development will be embezzled thereby retarding the growth of the community.

2.   Peaceful co-existence : peaceful co-existence is the vital pillar of development in any society. Men and women of integrity will always make efforts to ensure peace in the society. We therefore need people of integrity to help ensure pace and harmony in the society.

3.   Models for young ones: if our young ones are to be people of integrity they must have people to look up to in order to imbibe integrity. Thus those in position of authority such as teachers, principals, parents and politician must display integrity.

.4.   To Boost our international Image : men and women of integrity are valuable human assets. When a country has men and women of sound character and proven integrity, her citizens would be highly respected in other countries .

5.   Responsible Youths : if the society has many men and women of integrity our youth will naturally produce boys and girls of integrity.

6.   To reduce Evil Practice: If atrocities like bribery and corruption must stop, then we need youth, men and women of integrity.

Mention three need for people of integrity in the society.

• Mention two reasons for the need for people in the society.
• List three people in your society.
• Mention three factor s that promote the value system.
• Mention two importance of values.

Fundamentals of Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemi pgs 6-16.

1.  ______is the most useful quality for a nation’s growth and development.

 A. Integrity  B. Sportsmanship C. Steadfastness  D. Contentment

2.  Integrity defines a man and also a nation

 A. True  B. False C. True and false  D. none of the above

3.  People of integrity are needed for the following except_____.

 A. peaceful co-existence  B. peaceful demonstration  C. community development

 D. chaotic development.

4.  All men and women of integrity have many things in common.

 A. yes B. no C. Yes and no D. I don’t think so

5.  A nation needs men and women of integrity for the following reasons except_____.

 A. Good international image. B. Models for younger generation. C. Lawless  

D. Reduce evil practice.

1.  All men and women of integrity have many things in common. What are these things?

2.  List five reasons why we need men and women of integrity?

TOPIC: CONTENTMENT

• Meaning of contentment.
• Attributes of contentment
• Effects of lack of contentment

Meaning of Contentment

Contentment is a feeling of satisfaction and happiness with whatever one has. Nobody can get all that he or she wants in life. This is because as one’s need is met, another one is created. To live a happy life therefore, one should be satisfied with what one can honestly acquire.

Attributes of Contentment: these are

• Satisfaction
• Lack of envy
• Hatred for Greed
• Abhorrence or hatred for corruption

1.  Satisfaction : A person that is contented is always satisfied with what he can honestly acquire and so tries to live within his means.

2.   Lack of Envy: A person that is contented envies nobody. Instead he works diligently to improve himself.

3.   Humility: A person that is contented is always humble, he does not look down on others but treats them with dignity and respect

4.   Hatred for Greed: A contented person hates greed. That is, he hates grab-it-all attitude in whatever he does.

5.   Abhorrence or Hatred for Corruption: A contented person hates everything that is immoral and does not abuse his office for personal gains.

• Define contentment.
• List five attributes of contentment.

Effects of Lack of Contentment

Lack of contentment is the foundation of many problem s in our society today. Among such problem s are:

• prostitution

i.   Corruption : When people in a society lack contentment, corruption will be the order of the day.

ii.   Greed: lack of contentment leads to greed. That is the attitude of accumulating wealth for future generations at the expense of others.

iii.   Envy: Lack of contentment breeds envy . It in turn, leads to other anti-social behaviours such as assassination, etc.

iv.   Stealing : A person that is not contented with what he can honestly acquire will definitely steal sooner or later.

v.   Prostitution : Ladies and women who ‘sell’ their bodies for money, do so because of lack of contentment with what they have.

vi.   Robbery: Some youths that are engaged in armed robbery today are suffering the consequences of lack of contentment. They hate to live simple life.

vii.   Cheating : Cheating arises from lack of contentment and inability to work hard.

State five effects of lack of contentment.

• What is contentment?
• Mention three attributes of contentment.
• What is honesty?

4. Mention three attributes of honesty

Fundamentals of Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemi pgs 19-21

1.  ______is the cause of prostitution, stealing and cheating.

 A. Fair-play  B. Contentment  C. Honesty D. Lack of contentment

2.  These are some of the effects of lack of contentment except_____.

 A. stealing  B. cheating C. prostitution D. probity

3.  Happiness and satisfaction with what one has is called _________.

 A. probity  B. fair-play C. honesty D. contentment

4.  A student who refused to join his mates in stealing is demonstrating_____

 A. contentment  B. fair-play  C. non- compromise of principles

 D. truthfulness

5.  Probity, truthfulness and fair-play are sense of the features of ________.

 A. integrity B. contentment  C. honesty D. cleverness

1.  Define contentment.

2.  List and explain two consequences of lack of contentment.

TOPIC: DISCIPLINE

Meaning of Discipline

• Features or characteristics of discipline

Discipline is the ability to train people to control their behaviour according to laid down principles, rules and regulations. It can also be defined as act of training body and mind to produce self control. This extends to obeying traffic rules and regulations, the constitution, our superior authorities, etc.

What is discipline?

Features or Characteristics of Discipline

• Perseverance
• Dedication: This is the habit of sticking to a set goal or plan. It also means no break of focus no matter how difficult the situation may be. The ability to stay dedicated to a given plan helps us to achieve greatness in life.
• Moderation : This means avoiding excesses. Anybody of discipline is always a moderate person. He does not over do anything. That is, he knows where and when to stop in all circumstances.
• Perseverance : Is the ability to continue to do a thing or pursue a goal despite difficulties, pains and discouragement until the desired results is achieved. A disciplined person always perseveres without minding pains or difficulties.
• Respect for legitimate (rightful) authority. A disciplined person is always a respecter of the laws of the land. He respects and obeys the constitution of his country and respects all the people occupying position of authority .
• Modesty: This attribute of discipline enables a disciplined person to be humble. He does not boast of his achievement, status or position in life.
• Mention four features of discipline.

Importance of Discipline In a Society

• Encouragement of Peace : When rules and regulations are obeyed in the society peace will reign
• It fosters or encourages unity : It makes people to work together in unity
• Fosters economic and political development . With discipline every one in the society tries to engage in one activity or the other in order to earn a living in a rightful way i.e all employable persons try to contribute to national income and economic growth.
• It fosters political stability: this is done in the area if free and fair election, obedience to legitimate government and political stability of the country.
• It fosters good health for individual and the society . If we are in our regular physical exercise our health will improve to the benefits of the society.
• It saves time : In our highways, the time the nation wastes due to traffic congestions could be avoided if every driver exercises patience and discipline.
• State four importance of discipline in a society.
• What is dishonesty?
• Mention four consequences of dishonesty.

Fundamental of Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemi pgs 24-27

1.  ______ is NOT an attribute of discipline.

 A. Moderation B. Respect for legitimate authority  C. Dedication

2.  ______ is the ability to train people to control their behaviour according to laid down principle. A. Contentment  B. Probity C. Discipline  D. Dedication

3.  Discipline is the pillar of societal peace and harmony?

 A . Yes B. Yes and No C. I don’t thinks so  D. None of the above

4.  Discipline covers all aspects of life?

 A. Yes B. No C. Yes and No D. None of the above

5.  _______ attribute of discipline demands that a disciplined person should be humbled.

 A. Extravagance B. Respect for legitimate authority C. Perseverance D. Modesty

1.  Define discipline.

2.  List three aspects of discipline that will help a student to succeed.

TOPIC: RESPECT FOR RULES AND REGULATION

What are rules and regulations?

• Consequences of disobedience.
• Consequences on the individual and the society.

Rules and regulations are guidelines that members of the society follow which enables peace and harmony in the society. They also serve as a conduct which guide our daily affairs to live peacefully in the society. It also means an authoritative statement of what to do and not to do in a specific situation issued by an appropriate person or organization.

IMPORTANCE OF RULES AND REGULATIONS

Rules are important in our daily activities. However, it seems that people don’t like rules as they represent a kind of restrictions. People will always need rules to be able to live and deal together. Everything in our lives should be restricted with rules or it becomes a mess and unfair. If there are no rules, everyone is free to do whatever they want. We need rules to help us get along together and show respect to each other.

In an academic setting, rules may encompass behavior on campus, policies on tardiness and personal appearance. The following are few importances of rules in schools:

• It is for personal safety.
• It is for peer consideration.
• It is for discipline.
• Respect for authority.

State three importance of rules in schools.

CONSEQUENCES OF DISOBEDIENCE IN SCHOOLS

• Expulsion from school for examination malpractices.
• Students caught fighting shall be punished appropriately.
• Seizure of goods like mobile phones.

CONSEQUENCES OF DISOBEDIENCE ON THE INDIVIDUAL AND THE SOCIETY

• There will be chaos and anarchy.
• There will be underdevelopment.
• There will be frequent arrest of people over non-compliance.
• The government of the day will be distracted from carrying out her duties.
• Break down of law and order will be prevalent.
• Members of the public will not feel safe anywhere they are.
• State three consequences of disobedience in schools.
• Mention four consequences of disobedience on the individual and the society.
• Define Economic Obligation
• Mention three differences between rights and obligations

Good Shepherd Schools: Rules and Regulations, pgs 1-2

C. anarchy D. peace

• Rules are meant to be____. A. obeyed B. discarded C. flaunted D. abused
• The following are meant to shape the lives of people for the better except____. A. church B. Mosque C. cultism D. school

B. harmony C. chaos D. safety

• The society need the citizenry to make it a better place to live. A. True B. Not necessary C. False D. Maybe
• State two importance of rules in schools

TOPIC: COURAGE

• Definition or meaning of courage

Types of Courage

• The characteristics of a courageous person

Meaning or Definition of Courage

Courage can be defined simply as the ability to face danger with boldness.

There are three main types of courage:

• Physical courage  
• Moral courage and
• Spiritual courage

Physical Courage : This is the ability to physically face a dangerous situation. An example is a girl who got up prepared to kill a snake.

Moral Courage : This is this displayed when one feels that it will be morally wrong not to face the danger or pains associated with a crime. An example is a child who decided to confess he stole his mother’s pen.

Spiritual Courage : This arises when someone is ready to face danger on account of religious matter. For example. A Prophet is sent by God to warn a king of the consequences of his bad policies . He needs spiritual courage to be able to carry out the assignment.

• What is courage?

Attributes or Features of Courage

1. boldness 2. Bravery 3. Commitment 4. Endurance 5. Determination 6. Diligence

• Boldness : is the ability to speak out in the face of evil or injustice.
• Bravery: is the preparedness to face danger for a purpose. For example a soldier that goes to war to save his country.
• Commitment : This is a feeling of responsibility in a given situation. For example, a parent’s duty to his children at school .
• Endurance : Is the ability to go through or bear pains and difficulties.
• Determination: is the readiness to face a given task or assignment not minding the difficulties and pains involved.
• Diligence : this is the desire or habit of hard work.

Mention three features of courage.

Characteristics of Courageous People: These are

1.   Boldness : Every courageous person is always bold.

2.   Bravery: A courageous person displays bravery in an unusual circumstances

3.   Commitment : Every courageous person feels a sense of commitment to a goal or given course despite all odds.

4.   Endurance : By character, every courageous person has an enduring spirit.

5.   Determination: This quality of not giving up despite pains and problem s,helps a courageous person to accomplish his goal

6.   Diligence : Every person that is courageous is diligent, that is he/she is hard working.

General Evaluation/Revision Questions

• Mention five characteristics of courageous people.
• What is co-operation?

Fundamental Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemi pages 28-30

1.  ______ is not an attribute of courage.

 A. Probity B. Endurance C. Diligence D. Determination

2.  The ability to face danger with boldness is called ________.

 A. cleverness B. boldness C. courage D. commitment

3.  A Prophet who went straight to warn a king of his evil is displaying _____ courage.

 A. moral B. spiritual C. physical D. none of the above

4.  A girl that got prepared to kill a snake is displaying ______ courage.

 A. spiritual B. moral C. physical D. girl’s

5.  Every country needs ______ men and women to attain greatness.

 A. courageous B. able C. disable D. old

• List three characteristics of a courageous person.

TOPIC: NIGERIA AS A FEDERATION

• Meaning of a federation
• Examples of countries practicing federal system of government.
• Meaning of exclusive, residual and concurrent lists.

Meaning of Federation: Federation is a system of government in which there is a constitutional division of powers between the central government and other component units forming the union or federation that is division of powers between the federal government and the states within the country. It is also called a federal system of government or a federation.

What is federation?

Examples of Countries Practicing Federal System of Government.

They include:

1. Australia 2. Nigeria 3. United States of America 4. Switzerland 5. Canada etc

Meaning of Exclusive Residual List

Exclusive List : This is a list of items or topics or activities on which only the federal government has powers to make laws on. On anything on the exclusive list, no state or local government has any say.

The items include:

• Immigration
• Foreign Affairs
• Currency Matters
• Internal Affairs

Mention four items in the Exclusive List.

Residual List: This is a list of all activities or topics or items which only the state government has powers to make laws on. They include

1. Chieftancy matters 2. Markets etc

Concurrent List: This is a list of items or topics or activities, areas in which both the state and federal government can participate . Items on this list include:

i. Health ii. Education iii. Agriculture  iv. Road

Need for Federation

There are reasons Nigeria has need for a federation or federal system of government. These are

• National Integration: A federal government supervising the federating units (i.e States) will help us in national integration , that is, national unity.
• Even Development : The federal system of government will enable the states and local governments to develop evenly, that is side by side with others.
• Geographical Sizes : Given the geographically large Nigeria , it is the federal system of government that will make the administration of the federal, states and local government easy.
• Economic Factor or Reason : The need to pool our resources together to form a stronger financial body or a richer country.
• Minorities Interest : It is the federal system that ensures that the minority tribes or ethnic groups are not over-looked or ignored in the development of the nation.
• Mention three need for a federal system of government.
• State three items in the Concurrent List.
• What is self-reliance?

Fundamentals of Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemi pgs 33-35.

1.  _________ is the list containing what the federal government only can deal with

 A. Concurrent list  B. Residual list  C. Exclusive list  D. all of the above

2.  This is not an example of a country that runs a federal system of government.

 A. Nigeria B. America C. Australian D. Britain

3.  Concurrent list is for states and federal government.

 A. Yes B. No C. Yes and No D. I don’t think so

4.  Residual list contain matters of issues handled only by the state government.

 A. No B. Yes C. Yes and NO  D. None of the above

5.   Nigeria needs a federal system of government____.

A. because of North and South B. because of Christianity and Islam C. because of even development of the country. D. because of literate and illiterate citizens

1.  Explain concurrent list and state four activities on the list .

2.  What do you mean by Residual list and Exclusive list.

TOPIC: CHARACTERISTICS OF A FEDERATION

1.  Division of Powers: There is a constitutional division of powers between the federal, state and local government.

2.  Supremacy of the Constitution: In any federation the highest or supreme power lies with the constitution.

3.  Written and Rigid Constitution: To avoid the problem of manipulation and marginalization of a given unit, the federal constitution is always written and rigid.

4.  Existence of Bi-Cameral Legislature: The law making body at the federal level in a federal system must be bi-cameral (i.e two) . In Nigeria they are the House of Senate and House of Representatives.

5.  Existence of the Supreme Court: There must exist a supreme court which is the highest court of justice in the country. In Nigeria , the decision or ruling of the supreme court is the final in any legal matter.

State three characteristics of a federation.

Relationship Between Federal, State and Local Governments.

1.  Federal Government: Is the central government. It is in charge of defense, police, army, foreign affairs, currency matters etc.. It supervises the states and local governments.

2.  State Government : the state governors are the heads of state governments. A State Governor oversees the State Council of Chiefs, State Civil Service Commission etc. The State Executive Council is headed by the governor and is responsible for smooth running of the state.

3.  Local Government: is the third tier or third level of government in the country. It is headed by the local government chairman. The laws made by the local government are called bye-laws.

State three areas of relationships among the tiers of government.

Areas of differences between the federal, state and local government .

These are the major differences in their functions:

1.  The Federal Government initiates and implements i.e carries out policies for the whole country. However, the states and local government have their own areas of authority.

2.  The federal government has the power to control the states and local government but the states and local governments cannot control the federal government.

3.  The federal, states and local governments receive money from the federation account and this money is called allocation.

4.  The Federal Executive Council is headed by the President. It is made up of the past heads of states, state governor and ministers.

5.  The Federal Government has two legislative houses – the Senate and the House of Representatives.

6.  The States and local government have uni-cameral legislature each (i.e only one law-making house or office.)

• State three major differences among the tiers of government.
• Mention three characteristics of a federation.
• Mention three ways to nurture your talents.

Fundamentals of Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemi pgs 37-40.

1.  _________ commands the greatest power in Nigeria

 A. President  B. Senate C. Army D. Constitution

2.   Nigeria operates a federal, written and rigid constitution.

 A. Yes B. No C. Yes and No D. I don’t know

3.  The Federal Executive Council, the highest policy making council in Nigeria , is headed by ______. A. Vice President   B. Senate President  C. President  D. All Nigeria ns

4.  ________is the highest court in Nigeria .

 A. Magistrate Court  B. High Court C. Supreme Court  D. District Court

5.  Bye-laws are made by ______.

 A. lawyers B. president C. governors D. local government

1.  State four features or attributes of a federation.

2.  Write a short note on the supreme court.

TOPIC: GOVERNMENT

MEANING OF GOVERNMENT

The word government has two main definitions:-

i.  It is the act of ruling and directing the affairs of people in a society or a nation for all-round peaceful co-existences and development or

ii.  It is a group of people or body of persons that are given the authority to rule, protect and direct the affairs of the society or a nation

• What is government?

Arms of Government

These are the organs of government namely:-

i. The Legislatures

ii. The Executive and iii. The Judiciary

• Mention the three arms of government.

The Executive carries out government laws and decisions. In essence, they executes any bill passed into law for the advancement of the society. At the federal level , the executive arm is headed by the President. At state level , the executive arm is headed by the governor of each state. While the local government chairman is the chief executive officer of each local government.

Functions of the Executive

• Appointment and removal of cabinet members.
• It prepares annual budgets and implements it.
• The president or governor has the power to issue pardon for offences against the state. This is called prerogative of mercy.
• It implements laws made by the legislature.

Mention the functions of the executive.

Symbols of Office

The symbols of office are the vital instruments that identify the above offices. They are respectively symbolized with

i. the national flag and ii the coat of arms

• Mention the types of citizenship we have.

Fundamentals of Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemi pgs 46-47

1. The law-making body in a federal system of government is called _________.

 A. Lawyers B. Judiciary C. President D. Legislature

2.  ______ interprets the law made for the country.

 A. Interpreter B. Judiciary C. Legislature   D. President

3.  ____ holds the executive power at the federal level in Nigeria .

 A. President B. VP C. Senate President  D. All of the above

4.  The symbols of office in high government offices in Nigeria are____.

 A. Pictures and National flag  B. The Coat of Arms and Nigeria n flag C. National flag and beautiful objects  D. All of the above

5.  The organs of government in Nigeria are _______ in number .

 A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6

1.  List the arms of government in Nigeria .

2.  List the level s of government in Nigeria .

TOPIC: LEGISLATURE

The legislature, as we already know, is the arm of government that has the constitutional duty of making laws for the country.

There are two types of legislature:

i.  The Bi-cameral and

ii.  The Unicameral legislature.

Meaning of Bi-Cameral Legislature

This is the type of legislature that has two legislative (i.e. law-making) houses or office. Nigeria has a bicameral legislature made up of:

a.  House of Senate (or upper house)

b  House of Representatives (the lower house)

These two houses are called the National Assembly. The House of Senate has 109 members (i.e. 3 for each state and one for Abuja).i e. (36 x 3) + 1 = 109

The House of Representatives has 360 members. Each state is represented according to its population.

• Mention the two types of legislature.

Unicameral Legislature

This is the type of legislature (law-making body) with only one legislative house.

In Nigeria , the states and local governments have each one legislative house. This means that every state government or local government in Nigeria has a unicameral legislature.

Note that each state’s legislature is referred to as House of Assembly and is headed by the Speaker.

What is unicameral legislature?

Outline Powers of the Legislature

1.  To make laws.

2.  To approve budget.

3.  To make and amend the constitution.

4.  To ratify (i.e. approves) appointment of public officials.

5.  It has powers to impeach the President if necessary. Also, at state level , it can impeach the governor if the need arises.

6.  Investigative functions: -i.e. the power to probe past and present public officials.

7.  Approval of treaties (i.e. agreements) made by the executive with other countries .

8.  Control of administration of government agencies.

• List five powers of the legislature.
• What are Rights of a Citizen?

Fundamentals of Civic Education for B.8 by Sola Akinyemi pg 42-45

1.  _______is the legislative house of each state in Nigeria .

A. Senate  B. House of Assembly  C. National Assembly  D. All of the above

2.  States and local governments have ______ legislature each.

 A. Unicameral B. Bi-cameral C. All of the above

3.  The members of the senate are _______ in number .

 A. 1009 B. 1090 C. 109 D. 10090

4.  The House of Representatives members are _______ in total.

 A. 3600 B. 3006 C. 3060 D. 360

5.  Bi- cameral legislature refers to two law-making houses or bodies.

 A. No B. Yes C. Yes and No D.I don’t know

1.  Calculate how the total number of senators is arrived at

2.  List four functions of the legislature.

WEEK ELEVEN

TOPIC: THE JUDICIARY

MEANING OF THE JUDICIARY

As already explained, the judiciary is the arm or organ of government which interprets laws made by the legislature.

• What is the judiciary?

Functions and Powers of the Judiciary

1.  It interprets and explains the laws thus resolving electoral disputes and ensuring harmony in the society.

2.  Through the courts, it settles disputes between spouses, business partners, employees and employers etc.

3.  It interprets the constitution and protects it from being violated by any person or institution.

4.  It offers advice on constitutional preparation and amendment.

5.  It has powers to determine whether the executive or legislature has acted beyond its powers given by the constitution.

6.  Through the restraining orders (i.e. stop orders) issued by courts the judiciary prevents people from acting against the law.

Mention three functions of the judiciary.

The Judiciary symbols of authority include:

1.  The wig and

2.  The gown.

• Mention the judicial symbol of office.
• What is obligation?

Fundamental of Civic Education for B.8 by Sola Akinyemi pg 49-52

1.  The wig and the gown are some of the symbols of authority of _______

 A. the executive  B. the judiciary C. the legislature D. none of the above

2.  ______ is concerned with law-making.

 A. Legislature   B. Judiciary C. Executive D. all of the above

3.  Law interpretation is the duty of the ___________.

 A. President B. Vice President   C. Judiciary D. Legislature

4.  The upper house is the _________.

 A. Senate B. Judiciary C. Executive D. Legislature

5.  The Lower House in Nigeria has _______ members.

 A. 109  B. 360 C. 3600 D. 1009

1.  List three functions of the judiciary.

2.  Mention the judicial symbols of office.

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First Term JSS2 Civic Education Scheme of Work

Welcome great EduPodian, here is your First Term JSS2 Civic Education Scheme of Work and the excerpt of the First Term JSS2 Civic Education Lesson Note.

Scheme of Work:

1 INTEGRITY – Meaning – Attributes – Importance – Examples of people of integrity into society 2 – NEED FOR PEOPLE OF INTEGRITY IN THE SOCIETY 3 CONTENTMENT – Meaning – Attributes- 4 Effect of lack of contentment on the society – 5 DISCIPLINE – Meaning – Attributes – Consequences of discipline- 6 – Respect for rules and regulation – Consequences of disobedience – Effects of discipline 7 COURAGE – Meaning – Types Attributes of courageous persons 8 Courageous persons in the society 9 GOVERNMENT Nigeria As A Federation – Meaning of a federation – Needs for a federation 10 – Characterises of federation Problems of Nigeria of federation Sharing power between central and state government 11 REVISION 12 TEST 13 EXAMINATION

WEEK 1 TOPIC: INTEGRITY Integrity is the ability to stand on one’s word or promise. Irrespective of situation and circumstances one faces. It is the quality of being honest and having strong moral, principles, norms, values and belief on how we relate to people, community and our nation. ATTRIBUTES OF INTEGRITY The following are the attribute of integrity: 1. Contentment in all situation 2. Honesty in dealing 3. Truthfulness in…  LESSON NOTE DOWNLOAD …. CLICK HERE to download the complete lesson note.

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Third Term JSS2 Civic Education Lesson Note

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JSS2 Civic education Lesson Notes

Second term, featured posts.

CIVIC EDUCATION JSS2

On this page, get all Civic Education JSS2 topics from First Term to Third Term. Find them below, study them and excel in your examinations.

Course Information

Categories: JSS 2

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Please can I get a full things under each SCHEME for civic education

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Civic Education Scheme of Work for Junior Secondary School (JSS 2)

Relevant Posts on Civic Education Scheme of Work for JSS Classes  Civic Education Scheme of Work for Junior Secondary School (JSS 1) Civic Education Scheme of Work for Junior Secondary School (JSS 3)

CIVIC EDUCATION JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL (JSS 2) FIRST TERM

WEEKS  TOPICS/CONTENTS   1. NATIONAL VALUE – INTERGRITY I. State the Meaning of Integrity II. Mention the Attributes of Integrity   2. NEED FOR PEOPLE OF INTERGRITY IN THE SOCIETY  I. Reasons/Discuss the Need to have People of Integrity Society II. List examples of People of Integrity in the Society   3. CONTENTMENT  I. Explain the Meaning of Contentment II. Describe the Attributes of Contentment   4. EFFECTS OF LACK OF CONTENTMENT  I. Explain the Effects of Lack Contentment on the Society II. Identify the Consequences of Lack of Contentment of the Society   5. DISCIPLINE  I. Explain the Meaning of Discipline II. List the Attributes of Discipline   6. RESPECT FOR RULES AND REGULATIONS  I. Identify the School Rules and Regulations II. Explain the Consequences of Disobedience to School Rules and Regulations III. Effects of Indiscipline IV. Discuss the Consequences of Indiscipline on the Individual and Society   7. COURAGE  I. Explain the Meaning of Courage II. Identify Types of Courage   8. COURAGEOUS PERSONS IN SOCIETY  I. List the Attributed of a Courageous Persons II. Mention Examples of Courageous Men and Women in Society History, for example, Jaja of Opobo Moremi of Ife Iyalode of Egbaland Madam Tinubu of Lagos Amina of Zaria.   9. GOVERNANCE : NIGERIA AS A FEDERATION : I. Explain the Meaning of Federation II. Explain the Need for Federation Systems   10. CHARACTERISTICS OF A FEDERATION  I. Describe the Characteristics of a Federation II. Explain the Sharing of Power between the Central and State Government   11. REVISION   12. | 13. EXAMINATION

  CIVIC EDUCATION JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL (JSS 2) SECOND TERM   WEEKS  TOPICS /CONTENTS   1. REVISION OF LAST TERM’S WORK   2. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FEDERAL, STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT  I. Identify the nature and relationship among Federal, State and Local Governments II. Functions of Federal, State and Local Governments Legislative power Concurrent and exclusive power, etc.   3. THE ROLE OF LAW : I. Explain the Rule of Law II. Explain/List the Benefits of the Rule of Law as Against Arbitrary Rule   4. PUNISHABLE OFFENCES – I  I. Meaning Punishable Offences II. Examples of Punishable Offences and their Punishment III. Identify Some Offences Punishable Under the Law IV. Explain the Phrase “Law is No Respecter of Persons   5. PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE RULE OF LAW  I. Meaning of Human Rights and The Rule of Law II. Explain how individual group can assist in protecting human rights. III. Identify some groups that help in protecting human rights.   6. GROUPS THAT ASSIST IN PROTECTING HUMAN RIGHTS OF CITIZENS I. Identify Groups that Assist in Protecting Human Rights of Citizens, e.g. Trade Union, Student union, CLO, DHR, CRP, etc. II. Explain the Activities of Some of these Groups   7. CONSUMER RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES  I. List the Eight Universal Consumer Rights II. Explain Each of Consumers Responsibilities   8. DEMOCRACY I. Define Democracy II. List the Features of Democracy III. Explain the Benefits of Democracy   9. DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS  I. Meaning of Democratic Institutions with Examples II. Identify Democratic Institution in Nigeria and their Roles III. Functions Democratic Institutions IV. State the Importance of Democracy   10. PILLARS OF DEMOCRACY  I. Explain the Meaning of Pillars of Democracy II. Examples of Pillars of Democracy III. List the Pillars of Democracy, e.g. People Democratic Institutions, Rule of Law, etc.   11. REVISION   12. | 13. EXAMINATION

CIVIC EDUCATION JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL (JSS 2) THIRD TERM   WEEKS  TOPICS /CONTENTS   1. REVISION OF LAST TERM’S WORK   2. ELECTION AND VOTERS RESPONSIBILITIES I. Explain the Concepts of Elections, Voters and Voting Process II. List and Explain Types to Election   3. ELECTION AND VOTERS RESPONSIBILITIES (Continuation)   4. QUALIFICATIONS FOR ELECTION AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF VOTER  I. Outline the Qualifications for Election II. Discuss the Responsibilities   5. PROCEDURE FOR VOTING, IMPORTANCE OF ELECTION  I. Describe the Procedure for Voting II. Discuss the Importance of Election   6. ELECTORAL MALPRACTICES  I. Explain the concepts of electoral malpractices. II. State the forms of electoral malpractices   7. ELECTORAL MALPRACTICES  I. Discuss the Causes of Electoral Malpractices II. State the Consequences of Electoral   8. SOLUTIONS TO ELECTORAL MALPRACTICES  Suggest Solutions to Electoral Malpractices   9. FIELD WORK EXCURSION AND SEMINARS   10. | 11. REVISION   12. | 13. EXAMINATION

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National Values Education Scheme of Work JSS2 Lagos State

Ministry of Education Lagos state Government. National Values Education Scheme of Work JSS2. Unified NVE Scheme of Work for JSS two.

JSS2 NATIONAL VALUES EDUCATION SCHEME FIRST TERM

SUBJECT:             NATIONAL VALUE EDUCATION (NVE)

TERM:                   1ST TERM

CLASS:                  JSS 2

Subject: CIVIC EDUCATION

TOPIC: Revision/resumption Test

LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

 By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

a)            Evaluate JSS1 work

b)            Respond to various questions and activities correctly.

LEARNING ACTIVITIES: Exposure of students to evaluation questions based on JSS1 topics

EMBEDDED CORE SKILLS:

–              Problem solving

–              Imagination

–              Creativity

LEARNING RESOURCES: Reference to JSS1 scheme of work

Subject:  SOCIAL STUDIES

TOPIC: Revision of last term’s work and resumption test

LEARNING OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of JSS1 work

LEARNING ACTIVITIES: Whole class discuss the last term’s examination questions.

– Critical thinking skills

– Problem solving skills

LEARNING RESOURCES: Reference to JSS1 notes and textbooks

Subject: SECURITY EDUCATION

TOPIC: Revision of last term’s work

TOPIC: National Values (integrity)

–              Meaning

–              Attributes

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

a)            Identify national values

b)            Understand the meaning of integrity

c)            Outline the attributes of integrity

LEARNING ACTIVITIES:

-Students to demonstrate integrity in a play let.

-Students stimulates environment that they can showcase integrity through leadership role e.g class prefects.

– Student leadership and Personal development

– Communication and Collaboration

– Creativity and imagination

LEARNING RESOURCES:

 LOCAL MATERIAL:

Biographies of people of integrity. National monuments e.g naming of university after men & women of integrity.

https://www.legit.ng/1197928-people-integrity-nigeria.html

TOPIC: General objectives of Social Studies

By the end of the lesson student should be able to:

– Discuss social studies and its scope

– Itemize scope of Social Studies 

– Itemize and explain the objectives of Social Studies

 Student take a gallery walk of the school environment and itemize what they see in the school environment

 – Critical thinking

– Initiative skills

– Personal development skills

LEARNING RESOURCES: LOCAL MATERIALS

The school environment

https://class.hall.com

https://mnisse.com

www.brewminate.com

TOPIC: Common crimes in the environment

By the end of this lesson, Students should be able to: 

–  Explain the meaning of      Common Crimes.

–  Highlight different types     of Crimes in the     Environment.

 – Analyze the effects of    common crimes on   individual, and the    Environment.

 (1) Students as a class discuss the meaning of common crimes.

(2) Students as class   give examples of common crimes in the environment.

(3) Students in small groups produce the effects of common crimes on the society and on individual.

 –  Citizenship

–   Leadership and      Personal Skill

–  Collaboration and     Communication 

–   Critical thinking      and Problem      Solving.

Such as Flash Cards on types of Crime e.g. Murder, Rape, Child Abuse, Computer Crime etc.

Students visit the sites below: – https://www.thoughtco.com > comm. –

https://www.voc.sa.go.au > effects.

Students watch these videos

– www.youtube.EdNCES -Aug 27, 2013

– www.youtube.LegalHelpDe -June    2019

TOPIC: Need for people of integrity in the society

– Discuss the need to have people of integrity in the society

– Justify the need for people of integrity in the society e.g community development, peaceful co-existence

– Identify examples of people of integrity in the society.

(1) Students should act the role of people of integrity in the society. While others in the group give their opinion about the need of people of integrity in the society.

(2) Students should be grouped into four (4) categories and each group make a portrait of men of integrity.

 – Critical thinking and problem solving

– Communication and collaboration

-Creativity and imagination

LOCAL MATERIAL:

Pictures of people of integrity in the society e.g Herbert Macaulay, Bishop Samuel Crothers, Queen Amina OD Zaria etc.

www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/list-of-Nigerians

VIDEO LINK:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cqo7r0Wf2RU

  Abuses to which children can be subjected to:

– Meaning of Abuse

– Effect of sexual abuse

– Identify sexual harassment and necessary actions to take

– Steps to be taken when abused and risk preventive techniques

By the end of the lesson, student should be able to:

– Conceive the meaning of Abuse

– Outline types of sexual Abuse

– Identify the meaning of sexual harassment and necessary actions to be taken against it

– Enumerate preventive measure on sexual abuse/ harassment

– Recall steps to be taken when abused

-Students in small group write speeches on the consequences and solutions to abuses to which children could be subjected to

– A small group of student role play the behavior or an attributes of an abused child

 – Problems solving skills

– Critical thinking

– Personal development skill

– Collaboration and Communication

A pictorial image of a asexually abused child

usaorg/childabuse.html”>https://www.childhelp>usaorg/childabuse.html

www.youtube.com

TOPIC: Common crimes in school and prevention

 By the end of this lesson, Students should be able to:

– Indicate different types    of crime that exist in schools.

– Outline the consequences   of involving in School crimes.

– Infer ways to prevent    Crime in the school

(1) Students as a class mention the types of   crime students engage   in school.

(2) Students in small groups discuss the   consequences of   involving in school   crimes.

(3) Students in small   groups evaluate the crime free school

– Leadership and   Personal     Development

– Collaboration and   Communication 

– Critical Thinking and Problem Solving

– Literacy and Digital   Skill.

Students make use of their text books on Security Education

Students visit the following sites: –

https://www.researchgate.net

https://www.equalityhuman-rights.com

Students watch these educative videos: –

www.youube.LegalHelp

De. June   20, 2019 – Stop the Violence Campaign- Cartoon Network (Educational Videos f…)

TOPIC: Contentment

a)            Demonstrate contentment

b)            Discuss the attribute of contentment

(1) Students should find out how service and virtue can bring contentment e.g. A man that upholds contentment stands out in the society.

(2) Students demonstrate in a play let the attributes of contentment.

 – Communication and collaboration

– Critical thinking and problem solving

A chart showing pictures of people who have demonstrated contentment.

www.supportingcoreactivities.org/15

 Contentment

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5nSwNwX7aGs

TOPIC: Drug Abuse I

– Meaning of drug abuse/substance abuse

– Forms of drug abuse

– Consequences of Drug Abuse

– Effect of drug abuse on Individual

– Describe drug abuse

– Outline common ways drug are abused by people

– Discover the consequences of drug abuse

– Enumerate the effect of drug abuse on individuals

– Recognize impediments

 Students to:

– Act a short play let of a drunkard while others students identify the characteristics of a drunkard

– Act out a coach winning football match (instruction scoring goals and ensuring that the opponent do not score goal (mass attack mass defense)

 – Personal development skills

– Communication skill

– Critical thinking and problem solving skills

– Problem solving skill

– Collaboration skill

Relevant pictures and posters

https://study.com

https://youtube.com

TOPIC: Safety Consciousness

By the end of this lesson, students, should be able to:

– Describe safety    Consciousness

– Identify strategies for    staying safe in school and elsewhere.

–  Explain the importance of    Safety Consciousness.

(1) Students in pairs   discuss what safety   consciousness mean to them.

(2) Students as a class brainstorm on the   strategies for staying    safe.

(3) Students in small   groups design safety signs to be placed in strategic places in   school. Class in general.

 – Communication    and Collaboration

– Creativity and    Imagination 

 Local materials such Textbooks and Flash Cards are used.

Students visit these sites: –

https://www.iadc.org

https://simplifiedsafety.com

https://handbook_school_english.com

 VIDEO LINK

Students should watch these videos to authenticate the topics:

www.YouTube.Lumiumnnov

.Oct, 22, 2012.

– www.youtube.Renewiplc

– Sep. 19,   2018.

TOPIC: Effects of lack of contentment

(a)          Describe the effects of lack of contentment on the individual

(b)          Identify the consequences of lack of contentment on the society.

– Students should give their view on the effects of lack of contentment in a group debate.

– Students to debate the consequences of lack of contentment in the society in groups.

– Communication and collaboration,

– Student leadership and personal development

Graphic post showing scene of robbery, act of vandalisation of pipelines etc.

SITE LINK: https://www.16guidelines.org/explore/browse-the-guidelines/how-we-think/contentment

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SnE9hijV1hQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EUoKyjBIoE8

TOPIC: Effects of Drug Abuse

– Effects of drug abuse on the family

– Effects of Drug Abuse on the society

– Ways of discouraging drug abuse

 At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

– Outline the effects of drug abuse

– Mention the effects of drug abuse on the society

– Outline ways of discouraging drug abuse

LEARNING ACTIVITIES: Students should brainstorm and identify drugs that can be abused.

– Communication skills

– Leadership and personal development

 LOCAL MATERIALS

Relevant picture and posters

TOPIC: Reporting common crimes 1

By the end of this lesson, students should be able to:

 – Discover ways to report   crimes effectively.

 – Devise the type of    instrument to use while    reporting a particular    crime.

(1) Students in small   Groups outline recent   news that has to do   with crimes in the newspaper.

(2) Students in small groups record the number of each crime and write out the most common crimes.

(3) Students in small groups discuss on the ways to report crimes   and the type of   instrument to use while reporting crimes

 – Communication and Collaboration.

– Critical thinking and Problem Solving

– Leadership and Personal Development

LEARNING RESOURCES: LOCAL MATERIAL

(1) The following materials are used as aid to the teaching of this topic:

– Newspapers (recent), Phone, Textbook, Flash Cards.

 Students are to visit these sites: – https://www.thenewsmanual.net

https://www.ndirect.gov.uk

lessons”>https://classhall.com>lessons

Students to watch this video –

www.youtube.Ministry

 of Ju. June 8, 2016.

TOPIC: Discipline

– Meaning

– Attributes

– Benefits

(a)          Explain the meaning of discipline

(b)          Identify the attributes of discipline

(c)           Analyze the benefits of discipline

– Students should demonstrate the act of a discipline life.

– Students role play the attribute of a disciplined life and its benefits.

Pictures of people demonstrating indiscipline e.g disobeying traffic rules.

SITE LINK: https://www.mindcontroversy.com/advantages-discipline-life/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0O-AmHf9aVs

TOPIC: Drug Trafficking

– Meaning of Drug Trafficking

– Reasons for Drug Trafficking

– Dangers of Drug Trafficking

 By the end of the student should be able to:

– Describe Drug Trafficking

– Enumerate the reasons for drug trafficking

– Outline the dangers of Drug Trafficking

 Student have a small group discussion and list the consequences and solutions of drug trafficking

 – Information skill

-Communication and Collaboration

– Citizenship skills

Poster from NDLEA, EFCC on drug trafficking

www.unock.org

TOPIC: Reporting crimes II

Ways of reporting crimes without Danger

 By the end of this lesson, students be able to:

– Demonstrate the qualities   of a good crime reporter.

– Develop the process of    reporting crimes   anonymously to the local       law enforcement agencies

 (1) Students in small group’s role play the   quality of a crime reporter.

(2) Students as a class brainstorm.

– Collaboration and    Communication. 

-Critical thinking and Problem Solving.

– Literacy and Digital   Skill

 LOCAL MATERIAL

1. Local materials to be used   are Textbooks, Report Sheet.

Students to visit these sites:

https://www.wikihow.com

 https://www.jjay.cunyedu> students.

 (i) www.youtube.EPS Video Online

 Sep 11, 2014.

Subject: ALL SUBJET.

LEARNING OBJECTIVE: MID TERM TEST

LEARNING ACTIVITIES: MID TERM TEST

EMBEDDED CORE SKILLS: MID TERM TEST

TOPIC: Respect for rules and regulations

–              Consequences of disobedience

–              Effects of indiscipline

(a)          State the school rules and regulations

(b)          Explain the consequences of school rules.

(c)           Highlights the consequences of indiscipline on individual and society.

(1) The students should form Students Representative Council in school that discover, deliberate and recommend for reward in act of students obedient to the school management.

(2) Four (4) different groups should research on the consequences of indiscipline in our society and make a presentation in the class.  https://www.legit.ng/1126122-consequences-disobeying-traffic-rules-regulations-nigeria.html

– Digital literacy

Posters of people disobeying constituted authority.

SITE LINK: https://www.legit.ng/1126122consequences-disobeying-traffic-rules-regulations-nigeria.htm

VIDEO LINK: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ROj12TOnn0g

TOPIC: Group Behavior

– Types of Group Behavior

– Distinguish between the types of group behavior

– Benefits of group behavior

– Describe the types of group behavior

– Enumerate between the different types of group behavior

– Outline the benefits of group behavior

Whole class discuss and prepare games and lessons about behavior and communal labour

 – Collaboration skills

– Leadership skills

– Social skills

Picture showing communal labour

www.yourarticlelibrary.com

TOPIC: Reporting Common Crimes III

-Agents of Government that control crimes

– Explain the meaning of law enforcement agents.

– Enumerate the list of law enforcement agents in Nigeria.

– Describe the roles of each law enforcement agent in Nigeria.

(1) Students as a class discuss what law enforcement agents mean to them.

(2) Students as a class give examples of law enforcement agents in Nigeria.

(3) Students as a small groups carry out research on the functions of each law enforcement agent in Nigeria

– Leadership and    Personal     Development  

– Citizenship

– Communication    and Collaboration. 

A displayed chart showing      different law enforcement      agents in Nigeria.

Students also visit these sites.

blog”>https://www.ravenmobile.safety.com>blog

book5″>https://www.ncjrs.gov>book5

 Students are linked to this video-NCDOI.NCDOI-June 3, 2011.

TOPIC: Courage:

–              Meaning, types

–              Courageous persons in society

–              Attributes of courageous persons

(a)          Explain the meaning of courage

(b)          Outline the types of courage

(c)           Identify the attributes of courageous persons

(d)          Mention examples of courageous men and women in the history of the Nigerian society e.g Mrs. Funmilayo Ransome Kuti, King Jaja of Opobo

(1) Students should demonstrate a scenario where an injured student is rescued by a courageous student.

(2) Students are grouped and each group display five courageous person that have contributed to the development of Nigeria.

Banner showing the pictures of courageous persons in the society.

SITE LINK: http://higzs.blogspot.com/2018/09/what-is-courage-types-attributes-of.html

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxcUJYRVqAs

TOPIC: HARMFUL TRADITIONAL PRACTICES:

– Types

– Consequences

– Measures to prevent and stop harmful traditional practices in Nigeria

– Describe harmful traditional practices in the society

– Itemize types of harmful traditional practices (examples: FGM – Female Genital Mutilation, Child Marriage, Cannibalism etc.)

– State the consequence inherent in harmful traditional practices

– Recommend measures to prevent and stop harmful traditional practices in Nigeria

Students brainstorm and write down their response to:

– Child marriage

– Tribal marks

– Female genital mutilation

– Forced marriage

– Human cannibalism

– Killing of twins etc.

 – Collaboration and communication skill

– Leadership/personal development

– Critical thinking/problem solving

CHART – Types of harmful traditional practices in Nigeria

Aslegit”>https://www.legit.ng>Aslegit

TOPIC: Crime scene management

 By the end of this lesson, students should be able to

 – Explain the Crime Scene Management. – Identify tips required to secure a Crime Scene.

– Determine if evidence is present for record purposes.

(1) Students as small groups discuss the crime scene mgt.

(2) Students in small groups narrate a typical scenario on a particular crime scene.

(3) Students in their small groups analyze tips required to secure a crime scene.

 – Collaboration and    Communication.

– Leadership and    Personal    Development.

 – Literacy and Digital   Skill.

To use by the students are: textbooks, red tape, chalk for measurements.

 Students visit these sites: https://www.universalclass.com

https://pressbooks.bccapus.ca

https://www.superpages.com> Crime Evidence

Students watch these video –

www.youtube.com/ University of D-July 10, 2014.

TOPIC: Governance: Nigeria as a federation

–              Need for federation

–              Characteristics of federation

–              Sharing power between the central and state government

(a)          Explain the meaning of federation

(b)          Analyze the need for federal systems

(c)           Describe the characteristics of a federation

(d)          Discuss the sharing of power between the central and state government.

 1. Students representing major ethnic groups demonstrating unity in diversity in Nigeria nation-hood.

2. Group students to carry out a project on the Powers of Federal and State Government under the concurrent list and to report the feedback to the class.

3. Visit this link enwikipedia.org/federation in Nigeria and present feedback to the class.

 LOCAL MATERIALS:

– Constitution of Nigeria. Map of Nigeria

– Diagram of the three major ethnic groups carrying the map of Nigeria in unity.

https://classhall.com/lesson/nigeria-as-a-federation/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V_LG9zP-2YQ

TOPIC: PEACE:

– Importance of living in peace with one another

LEARNING OBJECTIVE: By the end of the lesson student should be able to:

-Express what peace stands for (not absence of peace but justice when there is conflict?)

– Identify types of peace (internal and external)

– Mention importance of peace in the society

– Proposed/push forward ways of promoting peace in our society

LEARNING ACTIVITIES: The whole class shake each other’s hand

– Student write out a list of activities that can encourage peace in the class

– Citizenship skill

– Collaboration and communication skills

CHART – Symbols of peace e.g. the world cup, the Olympic torch

– Make a list of organization promoting peace, traditional element, the organs of government, International organization e.g. U.N.O, AU, ECOWAS

www.international-alert.org>what

 www.merian-webster.com>peace

www.un.org>uses-dept.peace

TOPIC: REVISION

WEEK: 12 & 13

Subject: 

TOPIC: EXAMINATION

JSS2 NATIONAL VALUES EDUCATION SCHEME OF WORK SECOND TERM

JSS2 NATIONAL VALUES EDUCATION SCHEME OF WORK THIRD TERM

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Scheme of work JS1-3

Civic Education Scheme Of Work For JSS 1 First Term, Second Term, And Third Term.

Civic education as a subject deals with the study of the theoretical, political and practical aspects of citizenship by way of building citizens towards awareness of their constitutional rights, responsibilities and duties to enable them recognize governance and political fields and to contribute towards progress and development of the nation. The scheme of work below is to guide learners at the junior secondary one level to achieve the aims and objectives of this subject at this level of learning.

CIVIC EDUCATION SCHEME OF WORK FOR JSS 1 FIRST TERM

1. NATIONAL VALUES a. Meaning of Civic Education b. Importance/Functions of Civic Education to the Nigerian youth. Teacher : Lead the students to find out the meaning of civic education and state their importance to them Student : Participate in class discussion Teaching aids : moral instruction books

2. NATIONAL VALUES Meaning of values i. Negative values ii. Positive values Teacher : Lead the students to find out the meaning of values Students : find out the meaning of values Teaching aids: Introductory textbooks on value 3. NATIONAL VALUES Levels of manifestations of values i. In individual ii. In the society Teacher : Use case studies and contrive situations to guide students to analyze the manifestations of values in the individual and the society. Teaching aids: Posters and cartoons 4. NATIONAL VALUES Importance of values in the society e.g. unity, cooperation, harmony etc. Teacher : Use case studies t guide the students to analyze the importance of values in the society Teaching aids : books on African proverbs and folk tales. 5. NATIONAL VALUES Factors that promote value system e.g. consistency, trust, tolerance, fairness, integrity, commitment Teacher : Guide students t identify factors that promote good value system. Students : Compile a list of wise sayings in the community that teach values. 6. NATIONAL VALUES – HONESTY Meaning of Honesty Teacher : Guide discussion on the meaning of honesty. Students : Contribute to class discussion

Instructional materials: Books on moral instructional 7. NATIONAL VALUES – HONESTY Attributes of Honesty Teacher : Guide discussion on the attributes of honesty. Students : Involve in role play to demonstrate honesty. Teaching aids: newspaper stories. 8. NATIONAL VALUES – HONESTY The Benefits of Honesty Teacher : Guide discussion on the benefits of honesty. Students : Recount instances that honesty paid off Teaching aids: Documentary. 9. NATIONAL VALUES HONESTY Consequences of Dishonesty e.g. in examination. – Malpractice, cheating, fraudulent practices etc. Teacher : Guide students role play to demonstrate honest behaviour. The teacher arranges for a quest to talk to the students about honesty. Students : Write short story on the value of honesty and also listen to quest talks. Teaching aids: poster and cartoons. 10. NATIONAL VALUES: COOPERATION The meaning of cooperation e.g. work together to achieve a goal. Teacher : Lead discussion on the meaning of cooperation. Students : Contribute to class discussion and give examples. Teaching aids: films 11. NATIONAL VALUES: COOPERATION Attributes of cooperation e.g. sharing, caring, supporting etc. Teacher : Lead discussion on the attributes of cooperation. Students : Write essays on cooperation Teaching aids: radio and TV programme 12. NATIONAL VALUES: COOPERATION Factors that promote cooperation e.g. trust, setting goals together, patience, understanding, humility, tolerance, open-mindedness etc. Teacher : Guide the students’ team activities. Students : relate their experiences in team activities. 13. REVISION 14. EXAMINATION

CIVIC EDUCATION SCHEME OF WORK FOR JSS 1 SECOND TERM

1. NATIONAL VALUES –COOPERATION Benefits of Cooperation – Harmony – Progress – Good Achievement Teacher : Lead discussion on the benefits of cooperation. Students : contribute to the discussion and give examples. Teaching aids: Documentary of ECOWAS. 2. SELF RELIANCE Meaning of self reliance and examples of self reliance Teacher : Lead class discussion on meaning of self reliance. Students : Contribute to the discussion of what they think their talents are. Teaching aids: introductory textbook on self reliance 3. SELF RELIANCE Attributes of Self Reliance Teacher : Lead class discussion on attributes of self reliance Students : Participate in the discussion of Teaching aids : Visit to hair dressing saloon, barbing shop, mechanic workshop, fashion designer shop. 4. SELF RELIANCE Meaning of talents and skills Teacher : Give a practical example of what people can do. Students: Discuss possible areas of specialization Teaching aids : Visit to skill acquisition centre 5. SELF RELIANCE Processes of identifying, nurturing and perfecting talents and skills Teacher : Create activities to help identify students’ skills and talents. Students : identify their skills and talents Teaching aids: Visit to skill acquisition centre 6. SELF RELIANCE Benefits of self reliance to: – Oneself – Family – society Teacher : Lead class discussion on benefits of self reliance to oneself,family and society. Students : Participate in the class discussion. Teaching aids: Visit to tailor’s workshop. 7. SELF RELIANCE Teacher : Make students understand that the wealth of a nation is contained wealth of a nation is in its natural and human resources. Students : Identify the processes of identifying one’s natural talents. Teaching aids: Practical activities.. 8. SELF RELIANCE – Consequences of undiscovered talents and undeveloped skills. Teacher : Create activities to help identify students’ skills and talents. Students : Mention the consequences of wasted talents and undeveloped skills. Teaching aids: Visit to practical skill acquisition centre 9. CITIZENSHIP – Meaning of citizen and citizenship – Meaning of a nation based on laid down conditions. Teacher : Guide students to explain the meaning of citizenship. Students : Find out and report on the birth places of their parents. . Teaching aids: Sample of National ID card, Permanent voters card. 10. CITIZENSHIP Types of citizenship – by birth, registration and naturalization Teacher : Guide students to explain the types of citizenship. Students : Explain differences betweennplaces of birth and places of origin. Teaching aids: Copy of citizenship and the Nigerian constitution. 11 REVISION 12 EXAMINATION

CIVIC EDUCATION SCHEME OF WORK FOR JSS 1 THIRD TERM

1 CITIZENSHIP – Processes of becoming a citizen of a country Teacher : Guide students’ discussion on the process of becoming a citizen of a country. Students : Find out and report on their places of birth. Instructional Material: Sample of Birth Certificate 2. RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF CITIZENS The meaning of rights and duties Teacher : Prepares flash cards Students : read about citizens right and duties with examples e.g. – Right to education – Right to life – Right to freedom of worship etc. Teaching aids : School rules and regulation 3. RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF CITIZENS – Differences between rights e.g. voting rights and duties e.g. payment of taxes, obedience to the laws) of citizens. Teacher : Guide students to discuss the rules and identify their rights and duties to the school. Students : Participate in class discussion and debate. Teaching aids: The Nigerian constitution. 4. RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF CITIZENS Importance of citizens’ rights and duties. – Social control – Peace – Due process – Discipline Teacher : State the importance of rights and duties Students : sort out flash cards on rights and duties. Teachings aids: flash cards. 5. OBJECTS OF NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS National Symbols and their meanings – Coat of arms – National flags – National currency etc Teacher : Bring pictures and charts to the classroom. Identify and discuss national symbols. Teaching aids : A chart showing all the Nigerian national symbols. 6. OBJECTS OF NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS – Describe the unifying measures included in the National Anthem and pledge. Teacher : Guide students to describe the features of National symbols and their meanings. Explain the meaning of symbols. Instructional material: National Flag 7. OBJECTS OF NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS – Purposes of Establishment of National institutions like NYSC, Unity schools, Federal Character etc. Teacher : Discuss the national institutions that foster national unity among Nigerians. Students : Participate in class discussions. Teaching aids : Specimen of Nigerian currency 8. OBJECTS OF NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS Teacher : Guide the students in identifying ways of promoting national Ways of Promoting National Unity – Tolerance – Hospitality – Non-discrimination – Inter marriages etc unity among Nigerian. Students : Participate in class discussion Instructional material; Nigerian constitution.

9. OBJECTS OF NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS Teacher : Describe the measures adopted by government to promote national unity among Nigerians. Analyze the national anthem, pledge and identify national goals. Students : Identify and discuss national symbols. Teachings aids : posters and documentaries 10. OBJECTS OF NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS – Discuss how individuals and groups can promote national unity Teacher : Guide students to discuss how individuals and groups can promote national unity. Students : Participate in class discussion. Teaching aids: cartoons and films. 11. OBJECTS OF NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS Discuss parts of the Nigerian consolation that seek to promote national consciousness and national unity Teacher : Analyze the parts of the Nigerian constitution that seek to promote consciousness and unity. Students : Discuss parts of the Nigerian constitution that seek to promote national unity Teaching aids : Nigerian Constitution 12 REVISION 13 EXAMINATION

Note: For teacher, learner, or parent, who may be finding it difficult to get full content on the topics of this scheme, do note that well and fully developed lesson contents on this subject will be made freely available soon.

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FIRST TERM SCHEME OF WORK FOR JSS2 CIVIC EDUCATION LESSON NOTE

• September 14, 2022
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JSS2 First Term Civic Education  Lesson Note 

  Scheme of Work

WEEK 1&2 INTEGRITY

WEEK 3 CONTENTMENT

WEEK 4 EFFECTS OF LACK OF CONTENTMENT

WEEK 5 DISCIPLINE

WEEK 6 RESPECT OF RULES AND REGULATIONS

WEEK 7 COURAGE

WEEK 8 ATTRIBUTES OF COURAGEOUS PERSONS IN THE SOCIETY

WEEK 9 GOVERNANCE: NIGERIA AS A FEDERATION

WEEK 10 CHARACTERISTICS OF A FEDERATION

Week 1 & 2

Topic: Integrity

• Meaning of Integrity
• Attributes of Integrity
• Need  for People of Integrity in the Society

One of the qualities that a person should aspire to have is Integrity. Integrity is the quality of being honest and always having high moral principles in all you do. Principles are moral rules or sets of ideas which make you behave in a particular way. Integrity has a lot of attributes and features, especially those that are considered good or useful. Some of these attributes are:

Attributes  of Integrity

• Honesty :It is the ability to be truthful and straightforward at all times. Honesty is an intrinsic value that has the quality of being straightforward, reliable, truthful, sincere and godly in human activities. To be honest, means to be responsible, respectable and fearlessly truthful. An honest person is usually committed to his words and disapproves of corrupt tendencies. He is well regarded, respected and looked up to as a societal model and source of godly inspiration. To learn more, click here.

Topic: Contentment

• Attributes of contentment
• Importance of contentment
• Effects of lack of contentment

Contentment

Contentment simply means a state of being happy and satisfied with what one has. A contented person is not always going above the law to possess riches but satisfied with the one he/she is able to get.  Contentment  is a mental or emotional state of satisfaction drawn from being at ease in one’s situation, body and mind. Colloquially speaking, contentment is a state of having accepted one’s situation and is a form of happiness. Contentment means being satisfied with one’s possessions, status or situation, though they might be insignificant.

 A contented person is a one who realizes that contentment starts from the inside with a satisfied mind and a cheerful heart. A contented person is one who is satisfied with who they are, what they are and are not looking or demanding for more. In moral sciences, the word ‘contentment’ is used to mean the opposite of greed or excessive and rapacious desire. The trait of contentment causes man to suffice to the amount he needs and to avoid craving for more. In fact, contentment is a feeling of calm and active happiness. Somebody who is content does not feel the need to put forth any effort into achieving something because he or she is satisfied with his portion.  To learn more, click  here

Topic: Effects of Lack of Contentment

Introduction

Due to the quest for wealth, power, popularity etc many people in the society do things in the wrong ways and this has a negative impact on the society. Some of such negative ways include:

A. Corruption : This is a dishonest, illegal or immoral behaviour especially from someone with power.  Corruption  is a form of dishonest or unethical conduct by a person entrusted with a position of authority, often to acquire personal benefit.  Corruption  may include many activities including bribery and embezzlement, though it may also involve practices that are legal in many countries. Many people who are in position of authority misbehave by being dishonest. They enrich themselves through illegal ways. Money given to such people to do some projects for the public are converted to their personal use. They take advantage of the position to be involved in immoral relationship with the opposite sex.  Corruption destroys honesty among citizens. People reap where they have not sown. Immoral relationship becomes the order of the day. Corruption is a disease that ruins if not taken care of.  To learn more, click  here

Topic: Discipline

Meaning of Discipline

Discipline is the training of the mind to obey simple rules and regulations. The practice of making people obey rules and orders is called Discipline.  Discipline  is defined as a field of study or is training to fix incorrect behavior or create better skills.  Discipline is a method of training the mind, body, or behavior, and it makes people do what is expected of them. We are disciplined when we have self-control. A disciplined individual does things according to laid down rules and regulations.

It is the attitude of doing the right thing at the right time and at times without being forced or persuaded to do so.  To learn more, click  here

Attributes of Discipline

• Self control – Every student should have a good spirit that will help them have self control. Self control is the ability to regulate one’s emotions, thoughts, and behavior in the face of temptations and impulses. A disciplined student controls himself to obey all the rules and regulations of the school. This enables him or her to excel in academic endeavours. Be respected in the school and society. Discipline makes a good leader.
• Moderation – The control of your behaviour so that you keep your actions, feelings, habits within reasonable or sensible limit. It  is the process of eliminating or lessening extremes. It is used to ensure normality throughout the medium on which it is being conducted. A moderate person doesn’t overdo things. Many people are excessive in their ways of doing things and are not disciplined. Disciplines helps you to be moderate in the way you do things and also in your behavioural pattern towards people around you. People who are disciplined are not greedy, in any way because moderation is the principle that they can adopt in anything they do To learn more, click  here

Topic: Respect for Rules and Regulations

Respect for Legitimate Authority – Legitimate is the correct measure or ways that things are to be done. It could also be operating according to the law. Legitimate authority is the body established to ensure that laid down rules are followed. Some of such bodies are those in government, immigration, custom, road safety, health inspectors etc A disciplined person must respect legitimate authority.

Respect for Rules and Regulations

Rules are official instructions that say how things must be done or what are allowed. Rules are also the ways of behaving that are accepted as right by most of the people in a given society. Some people do things the way they like and they have no respect for rules and regulations. They do things contrary to the acceptable way. They have no respect for the rules because they feel that they are occupying high positions and this gives them the opportunity to misbehave. Some others do so because they are rich and they believe that money ca take care of everything. Some other people feel that the Government and society at large have cheated them and they haven’t gained anything from the society hence the reason they flout the rules and regulations of society. Whatever the situation is, everyone must have respect for the rules and regulations of society.  To learn more, click  here

Topic: Courage

Courage is the ability to be brave when you are in danger, pain, or in difficult situation. It could also be the ability to be brave enough to say or do what you think is right even though other people may not agree or approve.  This exercise of boldness in carrying out positive activities in the community where you are is called courage.

Types of Courage

• Physical courage – The willingness to exercise physical energy to get things done. Fear in most cases may hinder physical things from being accomplished.
• Moral courage – The ability to choose to do what is right irrespective of pressure to do otherwise. Many people today are not morally okay so they pile pressure on people to go along with them in the wrong way. Some youths today make jest of other youths who dress up well to cover their nakedness. They want everyone to dress in miniskirts, ‘show me your breast’ etc, smoke and drink as they consider them as the order of the day. It takes moral courage for a disciplined person to resist the pressure from these wayward majority. 
• Spiritual courage – Courage to exhibit ones spiritual faith and live according to religious tenets. Fundamental human rights have given everyone the freedom to choose any religion. Religion is the way people worship God. This is what gives people spiritual courage in whatever they do.There is no religion that points people to the negatives. All the different religions teach are the good moral upbringing which are positives.  To learn more, click  here

Topic: Attributes of Courageous Persons in the Society

Attributes of a Courageous Person

• Commitment – When they make promises, they are committed to fulfilling or carrying out their promises. The commitment is a driving force that gives them courage to continue. For example, a person who committed himself to the clearing of the classroom. This commitment gives him or her the courage to clean the classroom whether it is convenient or not.
• Endurance – It is the ability to suffer difficulties or pain with strength and patience.
• Determination – The ability to continue trying to achieve what you have decided to do even when this is difficult is called determination. Many people fail to achieve the desired result because of lack of determination.
• Steadfastness – It is the faithful and loyal way of following a thing, a discipline or religion. When a person is steadfast, he/she follows that discipline or religion without looking back.  To learn more, click  here
• Diligence – A person who works hard.

Topic: Nigeria as a Federation

A Federation is a group of organizations, clubs or people that have joined together to form a single group. Nigeria as a federation is a group of race that came together to form it. Up to 1914, Northern Nigeria was separated from Southern Nigeria. Lord Lugard amalgamated the northern and southern protectorates in 1914.

Need for Federation

• National Integration – Integration is the combination of two or more things so that they work together. The coming together of a group of people to form Nigeria as a nation has made Nigeria a powerful, strong and reliable nation.
• Unity in Diversity – A group of people, their culture and tradition may vary from one place to another and yet having the same mind to be together and work together. This one mind to work together will remove whatever is the racial difference and there by create unity in diversity within the nation. 
• Controlling activities of states – Since federation is the combination of smaller race and people to form a larger one, there is need for controlling body of such small groups.  To learn more, click  here

Topic: Characteristics of a Federation

Characteristics of Federation

For easy administration, the entire nation has been divided into states

• Sharing of Powers between central and state government. The overall power to control the federation is vested on the president who has to work with the central government. They are members of national assembly, ministers, advisers etc
• The head of state government is the governors, followed by members of the state house of assembly
• The federal government have programmes and projects they execute in each state. When the directives are issued, the state government complies with this directive.  To learn more, click  here

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NEW SCHEME OF WORK – NATIONAL VALUE EDUCATION JSS 2

First term – national value education (nve) jss 2.

• National Values: Integrity
• National values: Contentment
• National Values: Discipline
• National Values: Courage
• General Objectives of Social Studies
• Family Bond and Living Together as one Family
• Observing and reporting common crimes.

Need full Scheme of Work for secondary schools?

Second term – national value education (nve) jss 2.

• Nigeria as a Federation
• Relationship between Federal, State and Local Governments
• The Rule of Law
• Protection of Human Rights and the Rule of Law
• Consumer Rights and Responsibilities.
• Purposes of Marriage
• Readiness in Marriage
• Positive Group Behaviours

THIRD TERM – NATIONAL VALUE EDUCATION (NVE) JSS 2

• Pillars of Democracy
• Election and Voter Responsibilities
• Electoral Malpractices
• Meaning and Consequences of Drug Abuse and Harmful Substances.
• Meaning and Consequences of Drug Abuse and Harmful Substances II
• Dangers of Drug Trafficking
• Emergency Management.

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Lesson Note on Civic Education JSS 2 Second Term

Civic education enote for junior secondary school – edudelight.com enote.

SCHEME OF WORK CIVIC EDUCATION JSS 2 SECOND TERM

WEEK           TOPIC

1.                     Relationship among the Federal, State and Local government.

2.                     Rule of Law.

3.                     Punishable Offenses.

4&5                 Protection of Human Rights and The Rule of Law.

6.                     Consumer Rights.

7.                     Democracy.

8.                     Democratic Institution.

9.                     Pillars of Democracy.

10.                   Revision.

11.                   Examination.

• Fundamentals of Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemi.
• Fundamentals of Civic Education for Basic 8 Workbook by Sola Akinyemi.

TOPIC: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FEDERAL, STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS

1.         Federal Government:  Is the central government. It is in charge of defence, police, army, foreign affairs, currency matters etc. It supervises the states and local governments.

2.         State Government: the state governors are the heads of state governments.  A state governor oversees the State Council of Chiefs, State Civil Service Commission etc.  The State Executive Council is headed by the governor and is responsible for smooth running of the state.

3.         Local Government: is the third tier or third level of government in the country.  It is headed by the local government chairman.  The laws made by the local government are called bye-laws.

State three areas of relationship among the tiers of government

Areas of differences between the federal, state and local government

These are the major differences in their functions:

1.         The Federal government initiates  and implements i.e carries out policies for the whole country. However, the states and local government have their own areas of authority.

2.         The federal government has the power to control the states and local government but the states and local

governments cannot control the federal government.

3.         The federal, states and local governments receive money from the federation account and this money is called budgetary allocation.

4.         The Federal Executive Council is headed by the president.  It is made up of the past heads of states, state governor and ministers.

5.         The Federal government has two legislative houses – the Senate and the House of Representatives.

6.         The states and local government have uni-cameral legislature each (i.e only one law-making house or office.)

GENERAL EVALUATION/REVISION QUESTIONS

• State three major differences among the tiers of government.
• Mention three characteristics of a federation.
• Mention three ways to nurture your talents.
• List three processes of discovering your talents.

READING ASSIGNMENT

Fundamentals of Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemipgs 37-40.

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1.         _________ commands the greatest power in Nigeria

            A. President                            B. Senate                     C. Army                      D. Governor

2.         Nigeria operates a federal, written and rigid constitution.

            A. Yes                                     B. No                          C. Yes and No            D. I don’t know

3.         The Federal Executive Council, the highest policy making council in Nigeria, is headed by ______.

            A. Vice President                    B. Senate President     C. President                D. All Nigerians

4.         ________is the highest court in Nigeria.

            A. Magistrate Court                B. High Court             C. Supreme Court       D. District Court

5.         Bye-laws are made by ______

            A. lawyers                               B. president                 C. governors                D. local government

1.         State four features or attributes of a federation.

2.         Write a short note on the supreme court.

Edudelight.com Enote

Topic: the rule of law.

• The meaning of law.
• Features of the rule of law.
• Benefits of the rule of law.
• Limitations of the rule of law.

The meaning of law

Laws are the set of rules and regulations that guides the activities of any society which brings progress, peace and harmony. The rule of law implies supremacy of the law over all the citizens irrespective of social status, tribe or ethnicity. This implies that nobody is above the law.These laws are written in the constitution of every nation. According to A.V. Dicey, everyone is equal before the law.

What are laws?

Features of the rule of law

• Equality before the law
• Principle of impartiality.
• Right to appeal.
• Principle of fair hearing.
• Principle of the supremacy of law.
• Fundamental human rights.

Benefits of the rule of law

• It gives room for appeal.
• It prevents unlawful detention.
• It ensures press freedom.
• It allows equality of all citizens.
• It guarantees the fundamental human rights.

Mention three features of the rule of law.

Limitations of the Rule of Law

• State of emergency.
• Immunity of diplomats
• Immunity of head of state
• Unlawful detention and arrest.
• Customs and traditions.
•  State three benefits of the rule of law.
• Mention four limitations of the rule of law.
• Mention three factors that promote the value system.
• Mention two importances of values.

Fundamentals of Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemipgs 70-75

• Who stated that everyone is equal before the law? A. Hernan Defoe B. A.V. Dicey C. WoleOgba

D. Joseph Ebi

• These are limitations to the rule of law except____.  A. Customs and traditions B. Immunity of Head of State C. Peace D. Unlawful detention and arrest.
• The laws of any nation are written in a____. A. constitution B. novel C. dictionary D. parchment
• The statement “nobody is above the law” means_____. A. supremacy of the law B. partial principle

C. fair hearing D. right to appeal

• The most important feature of the rule of law is______. A. equality before the law B. fair hearing

C. right to appeal D. principle of impartiality

• Mention three limitations of the rule of law.
• State two benefits of the rule of law.

TOPIC: PUNISHABLE OFFENSES

Laws are the rules and regulations that help the society to be orderly so as to have peace, progress and harmony. The citizens in such a society are expected to maintain law and order. Failure to adhere to such will lead to chaos and anarchy. This normally leads to state of emergencies, curfews and so on. The person that runs away from the law is called a fugitive. There are offences that could mar the stability of the society. Some of them are as follows:

• Theft and armed robbery.
• Kidnapping.
• Drug trafficking smuggling.
• Child trafficking.
• Electoral malpractices.

What are rules?

PUNISHMENT FOR BREAKING THE LAW

• Death sentence/ capital punishment.
• The convict could be jailed.
• Amputation in some societies.
• Loss of rights, position or property.
• Payment of fines.
• Mention three punishable offences.
• State three punishments for breaking the law.
• What is contentment?
• Mention three attributes of contentment.

Fundamentals of Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemipg 76.

• A person that runs away from the law is regarded as a____. A. fraudster B. noble C. fugitive D. accused
•  These are situations that could mar a society except______. A. kidnapping B. harmony C. child trafficking D. rape
• The highest form of punishment is____. A. death sentence B. flogging C. payment of fines D. amputation
• All of these bring chaos and anarchy in the society except_____. A. armed robbery B. fraud C. electoral malpractices D. payment of taxes
• A person that cheats is called____. A. cheat B. cheater C. cheatest D. thief
• State three types of offences in the society.
• Mention two punishments for the breaking the law.

WEEK FOUR AND FIVE

TOPIC: HUMAN RIGHTS AND RULE OF LAW

Human rights are freedoms established by customs or international agreements that impose a standard of conduct on people. Some of the basic human rights are as follows:

• Right to life.
• Right to freedom of speech.
• Right to fair hearing.
• Right to association.
• Right to own property.
• Right to free movement.

Mention three human rights.

These rights are vital towards the maintenance of law and order. However, they are to be protected from every form of oppression or assault. These are ways by which individuals protect the rights of the citizens.

• Representing the affected person in court: This is usually done by human rights activists notably the late legal icon Chief GaniFawehinmi. A good example was the case of late Dele Giwa which he pursued for many years before his death.
• Writing in print media: Humanrights abuses are often exposed through extensive writing in newspapers and magazines.
• Special programmes on electronic media: Some electronic media show some programmes which help individual to get exposed to cases of human rights abuses at work, neighbourhood and the community at large.

Other means of protecting human rights and the rule of law are:

• Hunger strike: Some individuals show their anger by going without food for a period of time until a change is affected. This is common in the continent of Asia. They do this so as to effect a change in government.
• Protest marches: This is another way of showing displeasure over particular situations. This is done through peaceful demonstrations and using placards to show that they are not happy about. In Nigeria, the likes of Chief Ganifawehinmi and Dr. BekoRansome-Kuti, had led such protests especially against the military regime.
• Media coverage: The mass media like the radio, television, newspapers, press conferences have been used to  fight human rights’ abuses. Journalists have also used the pen to fight military oppression.

State three ways human rights are protected by individuals or group.

OTHER GROUPS THAT PROTECT HUMAN RIGHTS OF CITIZENS

There are other organized bodies that assist in protecting the human rights and the rule of law in Nigeria. They are as follows:

• Trade Unions: Groups like Nigeria Union of Teachers (NUT), Nigeria Medical Association (NMA), Nigeria Bar Association (NBA), form the major stakeholders in this union. They pursue common aims and objectives for the benefit of their members. They are under the umbrella of the Nigeria Labour Congress. The Nigeria Labour Congress has been at the forefront of the fight against human rights abuse in Nigeria.
• Students’ Union: They are also at  the forefront of the fight against policies that affect the Nigerian students. Policies like the Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP),  increase in pump price of petroleum products are some of the things they usually fight against.
• Civic Liberty Organization: It is the foremost indigenous rights’ organization in Nigeria. It is a non-profit, non-governmental human rights initiative.
• Mention three groups that protect human rights of citizens.
• Mention two personalities known for their human rights activities.
• What is honesty?             
• Mention three attributes of honesty

Fundamentals of Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemipgs86-89

• The full meaning of NUT is____. A. National Universal Tools B. Nigeria Union of Teachers C. National Union of Teachers D. Non Universal Treaty
• These are organized bodies that assist in protecting human rights in Nigeria except_____. A. Trade Union B. CLO C. NFF. D. Students’ Union
• These are basic rights of human except_____. A. right to life B. right to own property C. Right to  free food D. right to free movement
• The umbrella name for trade unions is____. A. Nigeria Labour Congress B. Group Action C. Nigeria Conservative Fund D. Occupy Trade Act
• The mass media comprises the following except_____. A. Television B. Magazine C. Radio D. Pen
• State three human rights of man.
• Mention two human rights activists in Nigeria.

TOPIC: CONSUMER RIGHTS

A consumer is a person that buys and uses a commodity produced by another person. Most consumers do not produce and that is why they consume most of the goods they have.There are some consumer rights and they are as follows:

• Safety: The consumer has the right to safety while enjoying a product. The product must be hygienically packed.
• Satisfaction of basic needs: There must be satisfaction on the part of the consumer while using a product.
• Redress: The consumer has the right to seek redress if he feels cheated by the producer.
• Representation to be heard: Consumers have groups that represent them so as to lodge complaints or make their observation known.
• Information: The consumer has the right to get adequate information necessary for deriving maximum satisfaction from the product he bought.

Who is a consumer?

CONSUMER PROTECTION

Consumer protection is the various ways and methods that government and the private organizations ensure  that consumers are not cheated or exploited by the producers and middlemen and that they derive satisfaction from the consumption of goods and services they pay for. The consumer must be aware of the latin expression “caveat emptor”, which means “buyers beware”.

REASONS FOR CONSUMER PROTECTION

• Substandard goods or low quality goods.
• Misleading or false advertisement.
• To ensure maximum satisfaction.
• Regular supply of goods.
• Inadequate instructions or direction.

State two reasons for consumer protection

SOME AGENCIES RESPONSIBLE FOR CONSUMER PROTECTION

• Consumer Association.
• Standard Organisation of Nigeria (SON).
• Ministry of Trade and Industry.
• Price Control Board (PCB).
• Manufacturers Association (M.A).

CONSUMER RESPONSIBILITIES

• Think independently: The consumer should not be carried away by the advertisement on the product by the manufacturer. He should know the quantity of what he wants to purchase.
• Beware: the consumer should check the product he wants to buy thoroughly to know if it is the original and at the right place.
• Demand and keep proofs of transactions: Documents like receipts, invoice warranty, pay slip are proofs that transactions took place between the seller and the consumer. These documents should be kept for future purposes.
• Respect the environment: The consumer must make sure that the environment is not littered with wastes of the products he has used.
• List four universal rights of a consumer.
• Mention three responsibilities of the consumer.
• State four importance of discipline in a society.
• Mention four features of discipline.

Fundamentals of Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemipgs 91-94.

• These are some agencies that are responsible for consumer protection except_____. A. SON B. M. A.

C. PCB D. GSK

• “Caveat Emptor” is a____ word. A. Greek B. Latin C. French D. German
• All of these are consumer rights except_____. A. safety  B. redress  C. satisfaction of goods

D. exploitation

• Another name for caveat emptor is____. A. we sell here B. buyers beware C. good product D. terms and conditions apply
• These are proofs that there was a transaction between a seller and a buyer except_____. A. invoice

B. receipts C. pay slip D. watermark

• State three responsibilities of a consumer.
• Mention two reasons for consumer protection.

TOPIC: DEMOCRACY

Democracy is the type of government where people exercise their political power to elect people into political offices through the means of an election. It is considered to be the best form of government because there are “Checks and Balances”. It is often defined as the government of the people, by the people and for the people. This was stated by the 16 th president of America (Abraham Lincoln).

What is democracy?

ORIGIN OF DEMOCRACY

The word DEMO (people) and KRATIA (government) form DEMOCRACY.  It originated from ancient Greece where the adult males form the legislature. There was no separation of power. This means that the legislature, the executive and the judiciary were fused together.

FEATURES OF DEMOCRACY

• Rule of law.
• Periodic free and fair elections.
• Freedom of the press.
• Tolerance of opposition.
• Party system.

State three features of  democracy.

BENEFITS OF DEMOCRACY

• Equal opportunity for all citizens.
• Existence of the rule of law.
• It encourages tolerance.
• It encourages political stability.
• It gives legitimacy to elect people.

CONDITIONS NECESSARY FOR A SUCCESSFUL OPERATION OF DEMOCRACY

• Supremacy of the constitution.
• Free and fair elections.
• Existence of opposition.
• Independence of the judiciary.
• State four benefits of democracy.
• Mention three conditions necessary for successful operation of democracy.
• State three consequences of disobedience in schools.
• Mention four consequences of disobedience on the individual and the society.

Fundamentals of Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemipgs 97-101

• Democracy started from_____. A. England B. France C. Greece D. Germany
• KRATIA means____. A. people B. government C. institution D. state
• “Democracy is about the people” was propounded by____. A. James Sherwood B. Robin Johnson C. Abraham Lincoln D. Winston Churchill
• DEMO means____. A. government B. people C. politics D. amnesty
• These are features of democracy except____. A. rule of law B. chaos C. periodic elections D. party system
• State three benefits of democracy.
• Mention two conditions necessary for the successful operation of democracy.

TOPIC: DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS

For democracy to thrive in any nation, there are some democratic institutions that enable it go on smoothly. Some of them are as follows:

• The Electoral Commission.

An electoral commission is charged with the responsibility of conducting and supervising elections in a country. The electoral body responsible for conducting and supervising election in Nigeria is the Independent Nigerian Electoral Commission (INEC).  This body has been conducting elections in Nigeria since 1999. Some of its functions:

• It registers political parties that present candidates for elections.
• It is responsible for conducting elections in the states of the federation.
• It divides the country into constituencies.
• It reviews voters’ register before elections.
• It gives financial grants to political parties.

Mention three functions of INEC.

• Political Parties.

A political party is an organized group of people with similar political opinion and ideologies working together for the purpose of winning elections into political positions. Some of the notable political parties in Nigeria are: the All Progressive Congress (APC), the Peoples’ Democratic Party (PDP) and the All Progressive Grand Alliance (APGA). Some of its functions:

• They promote national unity.
• They educate the electorates.
• They promote national stability.
• They promote interest in politics.

Mention three political parties in Nigeria.

• Pressure Groups.

A pressure group refers to any group of people with common interest, engaging in activities that will influence

government’s policies to their own benefits. Examples of pressure groups in Nigeria are: Nigeria Union of Teachers (NUT), Nigeria Medical Association(NMA), Nigeria Bar Association (NBA). Some of the functions of pressure groups are:

• They promote and protect the interest of members.
• They educate their members and the public.
• They help in promoting economic stability.
• They make government pay attention to peoples’ need.

CHARACTERISTICS OF PRESSURE GROUPS

• They are well organized.
• They are financed through members’ contribution.
• They exist to protect common interest of members.
• They rarely recruit members.

Fundamentals of Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemipgs 103-112

• State three groups in the pressure group.
• Mention three characteristics of pressure group.
• What is courage?
• Mention five characteristics of courageous people.
• INEC is responsible for the division of the country into_____. A. constitutionally B. constituencies C. components D. border lines
• The current chairman of APC is_____. A. AlliModu Sheriff B. John Oyegun C. Harry Marshall D. Gbenga Daniels
• In this current dispensation, democracy started in____. A.2000 B. 1999 C. 2001 D. 2015
• These are the features of the pressure group except____. A. they exploit their members B. the rarely recruit members C. they protect common interest of members D. they are financed through members’ contribution
• The immediate past chairman of INEC was____. A. Prof. JegaB.Dr. OnuC.Prof. Obasi D. Chief Onasanya
• State two functions of a political party.
• Mention three functions of the electoral commission.

TOPIC: PILLARS OF DEMOCRACY.

Pillars of democracy refer to the essential elements necessary for successful practice of democracy. They are structures that must be in place for the sustainability of democracy. Without them, democracy will be futile. They are as follows:

Without the people, the society will not exist and without the people, democracy will not be in place because it is the people that will practice it. The role of the people to make it work in their nation is vital because every system of government need people for it to be functional. The following are the roles of the people in making

democracy that work. They are:

• Participation in election.
• Willingness to embrace democracy.
• Loyalty to the nation.
• Willingness to join a political party.
• Willingness to serve the nation.

Mention three roles of people in a democratic setting.

THE ARMS OF GOVERNMENT

This refers to the organs of government. They are the legislature, the executive and the judiciary.

LEGISLATURE

The legislature comprises the Senate and the House of Representatives. They are the law making body of the government. The head of the Senate is called the Senate President while the head of the House is called Speaker. At the state level, there is only one House of Assembly and is headed by the Speaker. Some of its functions are as follows:            

• Making laws.
• Passing appropriation bill.
• Acts as check on the activities of the executive and the judiciary.
• Confirming the appointment of political appointees forwarded to it.

State three functions of the legislature.

This is the organ that enforces laws and policies for the nation.The federal executive is headed by the president, the state is headed by the governor while the local government level is headed by the chairman. Some of its functions are:

• It appoints and removes members of the cabinet.
• It prepares annual budgets and its implementation.
• The presidency maintains foreign relations with other nations.
• It implements laws made by the legislature.

This is the arm of government that interprets the law made by the legislature which is made up of magistrates, judges and chief judges. The head of judiciary in Nigeria is the Chief Justice of the Federation. Some of its functions are as follows:

• It interprets the law.
• It settles disputes.
• It protects the constitution.
• It helps in preventing violations of laws.

Mention three functions of the judiciary

THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION

An electoral commission is charged with the responsibility of conducting and supervising elections in a country. The electoral body responsible for conducting and supervising election in Nigeria is the Independent Nigerian Electoral Commission (INEC). The head of INEC is called Chairman. This body has been conducting elections in Nigeria since 1999. Some of its functions are:

• It divides the country into constituencies. (This process is called “delimitation”)

RULE OF LAW

The rule of law is very vital in the sustenance of democracy. It preaches against all forms of governmental actions that can hinder true practice of democratic principles. It ensures supremacy of law in democratic setting. It allows checks and balances among the three arms of government. It forbids arbitrary arrest and violation of human rights. It also encourages independent judiciary.

• State three functions of the electoral commission.
• State three functions of the executive.
• Mention three reasons for a federal system of government.
• State three items in the Concurrent List.

Fundamentals of Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemipgs 113-121

• The head of the judiciary in Nigeria is called_____. A. judge B. chief judge C. chief justice D. high chief
• These are organs of government except____. A. judiciary B. police C. executive D. legislature
• Some of the roles of people are these except_____. A. participating in elections B. loyalty to the nation C. flouts laws of the land.
• The head of INEC is called____. A. boss B. cabal C. chairman D. president
• The lower chamber of the National Assembly is called_____. A. Senate B. House of Reps C. the Chamber D. the Commission
• Mention three functions of the people in democracy.
• State two functions of the executive in democracy.

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