introduction to thailand essay

Thailand is in the heart of Southeast Asia.

Thailand is in the heart of Southeast Asia. Cambodia and Laos border the country to the east and northeast, and Myanmar lies to the northwest. To the west is the Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand, southeast of Burma. The long southern region, connecting with Malaysia, is hilly and forested. The highest mountains are in northern Thailand.

Map created by National Geographic Maps

PEOPLE & CULTURE

About 90 percent of the people are Buddhist, but about three million Muslims live in the south near the border with Malaysia.

Thai children go to elementary school for six years. Then they may attend high school for another six years, but their families must pay for the education. Boys begin military training in ninth grade.

Food in Thailand is influenced by Chinese and Indian cultures. Most Thai dishes are spicy and many common dishes include hot chilies, lemongrass, basil, ginger, and coconut milk.

Thai farmers cultivate mulberry trees that feed silkworms. The worms create silk, which is made into beautiful silk clothing in Thailand, France , and the United States .

Bangkok is called the Venice of the East because there are 83 canals. As many as 10,000 boats full of fruits, vegetables, and fish crowd the canals and create a floating market.

The city of Bangkok is home to many impressive Buddhist structures featuring gold-layered spires, graceful pagodas, and giant Buddha statues.

Rain falls almost every day between the months of May and September. The moist and humid weather encourages the diverse and abundant wildlife in Thailand.

Lotus flowers are common and the favorite flower in Thailand. Lotus flowers live above the surface, but they are rooted in the mud. There are many flowering trees and shrubs, and fruit trees. In the jungle, one can find carnivorous (meat-eating) plants such as the mysterious insect-eating pitcher plant .

The deep forests are home to tigers , elephants , wild ox, leopards , and the Malayan tapir. The tapir is covered in black fur on the first half of its body and white fur to the rear. Cobras and crocodiles are also found in Thailand.

GOVERNMENT & ECONOMY

Known as Siam until 1939, Thailand is the only Southeast Asian country never to have been taken over by a European power. A revolution in 1932 led to a constitutional monarchy.

The king is the leader of the country. The prime minister is picked from among members of the House of Representatives, but is appointed by the king.

Agriculture and tourism are the most important industries in Thailand.

In December 2004, the catastrophic Indian Ocean tsunami hit Thailand, but the country's economy has largely recovered from the disaster's effect.

Around 2000 B.C. people built settlements in the hillsides of Thailand. The first one is thought to be Ben Chiang. Pieces of pottery, tools, and jewelry from 200 B.C. to 300 A.D. have been dug up in this area.

Thailand, which means “land of the free,” was known as Siam until 1939.

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A very cranky language blogger dishing out brutal language tips.

How to Introduce Yourself in Thai in 10 Lines

Want to speak Thai? Yes? Good – keep reading. This is for those that truly want to learn the language. Here’s how you introduce yourself in Thai in 10 easy lines… and this might take you 2 to 3 minutes or less. With this lesson…

• You get the Thai, translations and romanizations.
• Read out loud to practice your speaking.
• Feel free to print this sheet out for extra review.

Here’s how you introduce yourself in Thai. Let’s go.

… if you want to REALLY learn Thai with Audio & Video lessons from real teachers, be sure to check out ThaiPod101.com and click here )

1) Hello, It’s nice to meet you.

Hello and Nice to meet you in Thai are a must-know phrases. And any introduction will probably will start with these words.

• Hello, it’s nice to meet you.
• สวัสดีค่ะ ยินดีที่ได้รู้จัก
• Sa-wat-dee-kha yin-dii-tii-dai-ruu-jak

2) My name is _____.

This is simple. To say “my name is” in Thai, use the phrase below. We’re using “Isra” as an example.

• My name is Isra .
• ชื่อของฉันคืออิสระ ชื่อของฉันคืออิสระ
• Chuue khaawng chan khuue it-sa-ra

3) I am from ______.

So, where are you from? America? Europe? Africa? Asia? Just stick the name of your country inside this phrase. We’ll use Thailand as an example.

• I’m from Thailand.
• ฉันมาจากประเทศไทย
• Chan maa jaak bpra-theet-thai

4) I live in ______.

What about now – where do you live? Just fill in the blank with the country or city (if famous) into this phrase. I’ll use Bangkok as an example.

• I live in Bangkok.
• ฉันอาศัยอยู่ในกรุงเทพฯ ฉันอาศัยอยู่ในกรุงเทพฯ
• Chan aa-sai yuu nai grung-theep

5) I’ve been learning Thai for _____.

How long have you been learning Thai for? A month? A year?

• I’ve been learning Thai for a year.
• ฉันได้เรียนภาษาไทยมาหนึ่งปี
• Chan dai riian phaa-saa thai maa nueng bpii

6) I’m learning Thai at _____.

Where are you learning Thai? At school? At home? This would be a great line to know and use when you’re introducing yourself. Here’s my example:

• I’m learning Thai at ThaiPod101.com .
• ฉันเรียนภาษาไทยจาก ThaiPod101.com
• Chan riian phaa-saa thai jaak ThaiPod101.Com

7) I am ____ years old.

Here’s how to say how old you are in Thai.

• I’m 27 years old.
• ฉันอายุ 27 ปี
• Chan Aa-yuu yii-sip-jet bpii

8) I am ______.

What about your position? Are you a student? Yoga teacher? Lawyer for the potato industry? Potato salesman? Super important question that people like to ask (and judge you about – Hey, I’m just a blogger! ).

• I’m a teacher.
• Chan bpen khruu

9) One of my hobbies is _____.

Now, let’s move onto personal interests – hobbies! My hobbies are languages, linguajunkieing and such. How about you? You’ll definitely need this line when introducing yourself in Thai.

Here’s an example to use:

• One of my hobbies is reading.
• หนึ่งในงานอดิเรกของฉันคือการอ่าน
• Nueng nai ngaan a-di-reek khaawng chan khuue gaan-aan

10) I enjoy listening to music.

Now, this is just another example line about your hobbies . You can use something else where.

• I enjoy listening to music.
• ฉันสนุกกับการฟังเพลง
• Chan sa-nuuk gup gaan fang phleeng

So now you know how to introduce yourself in Thai in 10 lines. I’m sure there’s a ton more you can say – but this is an easy, simple start that any beginner can put to use. It’s all about starting easy.

See if you can introduce yourself below. Leave me a comment.

I read all comments!

Hope you enjoyed this!

– The Main Junkie

P.S. I highly recommend this for Thai learners. If you REALLY want to learn to Thai with effective lessons by real teachers – Sign up for free at ThaiPod101 (click here) and start learning!

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• Global Insights

Thailand: Introduction

Thailand is a country located in Southeastern Asia bordering the Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Neighboring countries include Burma, Cambodia, Laos, and Malaysia. The geography consists of a mountain range in the west and a southern isthmus that joins the landmass with Malaysia. The government system is a constitutional monarchy; the chief of state is the king, and the head of government is the prime minister. Thailand has a mixed economic system in which there is a variety of private freedom, combined with centralized economic planning and government regulation. Thailand is a member of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).

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Essay on Thailand Culture

Students are often asked to write an essay on Thailand Culture in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Thailand Culture

Introduction to thailand culture.

Thailand is a country in Southeast Asia known for its beautiful landscapes, tasty food, and rich culture. The people of Thailand are friendly and always greet others with a smile. Their culture is a mix of old traditions and modern ways.

Thai Festivals

Thailand has many festivals. One of the most famous is Songkran, the Thai New Year, where people throw water on each other. It’s a fun way to stay cool in the hot month of April and show respect to others.

Thai food is famous worldwide. It’s known for its spicy flavors and variety. Dishes like Pad Thai, green curry, and mango sticky rice are loved by many. Thai food often uses fresh herbs and spices.

Religion in Thailand

Buddhism is very important in Thailand. You can see beautiful temples all over the country. People go to temples to pray and give offerings to monks. It’s a way to earn good karma and show respect for their religion.

Thai Art and Dance

Thai art and dance are beautiful. Traditional Thai dance tells stories through movement and costumes. Art is seen in temples, palaces, and even on the streets, showing Thailand’s long history and creativity.

250 Words Essay on Thailand Culture

Thailand culture: a tapestry of smiles and traditions.

Thailand, known as the “Land of Smiles,” exudes a warmth and hospitality that captivates visitors. The country’s rich cultural heritage is a blend of ancient traditions, vibrant arts, lively festivals, and a deep respect for religion.

The Thai Smile: A Reflection of Friendliness

One of the most enduring symbols of Thailand is the Thai smile. It is a genuine expression of friendliness and welcoming spirit. The Thai people are known for their kindness, generosity, and willingness to help others. This welcoming nature is evident in their interactions with both locals and foreigners alike.

Vibrant Festivals: A Celebration of Life and Culture

Thailand is a country that loves to celebrate. Throughout the year, there are numerous festivals that showcase the country’s vibrant culture. One of the most famous festivals is Songkran, the Thai New Year. Celebrated in April, Songkran is a time of renewal and cleansing. People throw water on each other as a way of washing away bad luck and welcoming good fortune. Other popular festivals include Loy Krathong, a festival of lights, and Yi Peng, a lantern festival.

Religion: A Central Part of Thai Life

Religion plays a central role in Thai life. Buddhism is the predominant religion, practiced by over 90% of the population. Thai Buddhism is a blend of Theravada Buddhism and local animist beliefs. It emphasizes morality, meditation, and the pursuit of enlightenment. Temples, known as wats, are found throughout the country and are places of worship, learning, and community gatherings.

Arts and Crafts: A Showcase of Creativity

Thailand is home to a rich tradition of arts and crafts. The country is famous for its intricate carvings, stunning paintings, and beautiful textiles. Thai silk, known for its lustrous sheen and vibrant colors, is a popular souvenir among visitors. Other traditional crafts include lacquerware, celadon pottery, and handmade umbrellas.

Cuisine: A Culinary Delight

Thai cuisine is a delightful blend of flavors and textures. It is characterized by its use of fresh ingredients, herbs, and spices. Popular dishes include Pad Thai, a stir-fried noodle dish, Tom Yum Goong, a spicy shrimp soup, and Gaeng Daeng, a red curry. Thai food is known for its balance of sweet, sour, salty, and bitter flavors.

500 Words Essay on Thailand Culture

Thailand: a tapestry of tradition and modernity.

Thailand is a kaleidoscope of cultures and vibrant heritage. Steeped in ancient traditions, it is home to diverse ethnic groups, religions, and customs. From bustling cities to serene countryside, Thailand is a land of contrasts.

Thai People: Warm and Welcoming

One of the defining characteristics of Thai culture is the warmth and hospitality of its people. The concept of “mai pen rai” (never mind) encapsulates the easygoing and forgiving nature of Thais. Greetings are typically accompanied by the “wai,” a gesture made by placing the palms together in front of the chest.

Buddhism: The Heart of Thai Life

Buddhism is central to Thai culture and identity. Monks and temples play a significant role in society, and many aspects of daily life are influenced by Buddhist teachings. The Emerald Buddha, the most sacred Buddha image in Thailand, resides in the Grand Palace in Bangkok, attracting pilgrims from around the world.

Thai Food: A Culinary Symphony

Thai cuisine is renowned for its bold flavors and variety. Street food is a beloved part of the Thai experience, offering a taste of the country’s culinary heritage. From fragrant curries and spicy salads to refreshing desserts, Thai food is a feast for the senses.

Traditional Dance and Music

Thai dance and music are integral to the cultural fabric of the country. Classical dance forms like Khon, Nang Talung, and Likay tell ancient stories through intricate movements and colorful costumes. Traditional musical instruments like the khlui, pi, and ranat accompany these performances, creating a captivating spectacle.

Festivals and Celebrations

Thailand is a land of colorful festivals and celebrations. The Songkran Festival, also known as the Thai New Year, is a vibrant water festival where people splash water on each other as a symbol of purification. Loy Krathong and Yi Peng festivals, held during the full moon in November, involve releasing lotus-shaped floats and flying lanterns into the sky, respectively. These festivals showcase the country’s rich traditions and beliefs.

Respect for Elders and the Monarchy

Respect for elders and the monarchy is deeply ingrained in Thai culture. The family unit is tightly knit, with strong bonds between generations. The King of Thailand is revered as the head of state and a symbol of unity. Thais show utmost respect to the monarchy and the royal family.

Thailand’s culture is a unique blend of ancient traditions, vibrant festivals, and warm hospitality. The country’s rich heritage is reflected in its people, cuisine, arts, and celebrations. From the bustling streets of Bangkok to the serene temples of Chiang Mai, Thailand offers a fascinating tapestry of experiences, captivating visitors with its charm and beauty.

That’s it! I hope the essay helped you.

If you’re looking for more, here are essays on other interesting topics:

• Essay on Thailand
• Essay on Terai Region Of Nepal
• Essay on Thadingyut Festival

Apart from these, you can look at all the essays by clicking here .

Happy studying!

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11 Reasons Why I Love Thailand (And Why You Need to Visit)

I’ve been to Thailand more times than I can count. I’ve lived in Bangkok twice, I’ve run tours through the country, and, if I stay away for more than a year, I feel as if a piece of me is missing.

I love Thailand.

It holds a special place in my heart.

People often ask me why I return to places I’ve already visited instead of exploring somewhere new. Well, that’s an easy answer: because I feel at home when I’m visiting them .

And Thailand is probably the one place outside of the United States where I feel most at home.

But why do I love Thailand so much? What makes it so special?

To shed some light on why this country holds a special place in my heart, here are 11 reasons why I love Thailand — and what you can look forward to when you travel there:  

1. The Delicious Food

All over the streets of Thailand, outdoor stalls serve up the cheapest and best meals you can find. You’ll be hunched over a bowl of noodles next to a little kid, office worker, and bank president. Street food in Thailand is the great equalizer and fundamental to Thai culture. No matter what time of the day it is, there’s always food available somewhere.

There are also tons of local markets you can tour to take in the local pace of life and sample the delicious food on offer.

Moreover, Thailand has developed world-class international food and boasts a few Michelin starred restaurants. Some of my favorite sushi restaurants are in Bangkok, and you can find amazing halal and Indian food in the downtown Sukhumvit area as well.

Thailand is a foodie’s dream.  

2. The Weather

(OK, that’s not entirely true. In January, I do wear a jacket. It gets pretty close to 20°C here. You can always tell the expats from the tourists in Bangkok because they are the ones wearing sweaters and jackets in January.)  

3. The Friendly Locals

I always feel safe in Thailand too. Thailand is one of the few countries I feel comfortable leaving my laptop out while I go to the bathroom.  

4. It’s the Perfect Travel Hub

You can get to a lot of places easily from Thailand, which, for a traveler like myself, is really appealing. You can generally find a cheap flight too!  

5. The Postcard-Perfect Tropical Islands

I particularly love Ko Chang , Ko Kood, Surin Island, Ko Adang, and Ko Lanta . The best islands are down south near the Malaysian border. They all look like the above picture.

As long as you avoid the super touristy and overdeveloped beaches (and there are many), you’ll find the postcard-perfect beaches you’ve already dreamed of!  

6. The Lush Jungles

And be sure not to miss Doi Inthanon National Park , the highest point in the country (the park is near Chiang Mai).

They may not be the wild and untamed jungles of some places in Borneo or the middle of Africa, but they still offer amazing views, dense forests, waterfalls to cool off in, and an interesting variety of wildlife.

7. The Global Atmosphere

Thailand is a melting pot of people, and you’ll find people from around the world. I’ve made friends here from France, Germany, Argentina, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, and Israel, just to name a few.  

8. It’s Convenient

Thailand is just an easy place to live and move around in. And in Bangkok, you never have to wait for a taxi.  

Bangkok, it turns out, is an easy city to live in. There’s lots to do, plenty of events, great bars, and amazing food (see above), and it’s easy to get around (except during rush hour). I love cities where there’s always something to do. No matter what time of the day or day of the week, you can always find something to do in Bangkok.

I began to love Bangkok when I got to know it beyond the temples and the tourist trail. When I found hidden markets and amazing street stalls frequented only by locals, became friends with residents, and understood how it operated, I knew why people loved Bangkok so much.

While there are lots of day trips from the city (including the the famous Ayutthaya ), Bangkok is not a city for tourists.

It’s for residents.

Take some time here and enjoy it.  

10. It’s Cheap!

A few years back, I was telling my friend that after a month bouncing around the islands, I had spent around 40,000 THB ($1,400 USD). He was shocked! “How the hell could you spend so much money in one month!” he exclaimed.

If you’re traveling here on a backpacker’s budget, you can get by for about $30 USD a day.  

11. There’s Something for Everyone

Digital nomad? Head to Chiang Mai.

Looking for yoga? Head to Pai .

Want to escape the hectic cities? Go explore Isaan .

No matter what kind of trip you’re looking for, you can find it in Thailand!

When people ask me what my favorite country is, I always say Thailand . Though I wonder how you can pick a favorite country. Each one is amazing in its own right. No country is really better than another, just different.

Get the In-Depth Budget Guide to Thailand!

My detailed 350+ page guidebook is made for budget travelers like you! It cuts out the fluff found in other guidebooks and gets straight to the practical information you need to travel around Thailand. You’ll find suggested itineraries, budgets, ways to save money, on and off-the-beaten-path things to see and do, non-touristy restaurants, markets, bars, safety tips, and much more! Click here to learn more and get your copy today.

Book Your Trip to Thailand: Logistical Tips and Tricks

Book Your Flight Use Skyscanner to find a cheap flight. They are my favorite search engine because they search websites and airlines around the globe so you always know no stone is left unturned!

Book Your Accommodation You can book your hostel with Hostelworld as they have the biggest inventory and best deals. If you want to stay somewhere other than a hostel, use Booking.com as they consistently return the cheapest rates for guesthouses and cheap hotels. My favorite places to stay are:

• Bloom Cafe & Hostel (Ko Lipe)
• Julie Guesthouse (Chiang Mai)
• Mad Monkey Hostel (Bangkok)

Don’t Forget Travel Insurance Travel insurance will protect you against illness, injury, theft, and cancellations. It’s comprehensive protection in case anything goes wrong. I never go on a trip without it as I’ve had to use it many times in the past. My favorite companies that offer the best service and value are:

• Safety Wing (best for everyone)
• Insure My Trip (for those over 70)
• Medjet (for additional evacuation coverage)

Looking for the Best Companies to Save Money With? Check out my resource page for the best companies to use when you travel. I list all the ones I use to save money when I’m on the road. They will save you money when you travel too.

Want More Information on Thailand? Be sure to visit our robust destination guide on Thailand for even more planning tips!

Hi, I’m Nomadic Matt, the New York Times best-selling author of How to Travel the World on $50 a Day and Ten Years a Nomad, as well as the founder of this website! And I’m here to help you save money on your next trip.

Got a comment on this article? Join the conversation on Facebook , Instagram , or Twitter and share your thoughts!

Disclosure: Please note that some of the links above may be affiliate links, and at no additional cost to you, I earn a commission if you make a purchase. I recommend only products and companies I use and the income goes to keeping the site community supported and ad free.

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Extended Essay Guide: Criteria, Format, Sample EEs

• Criteria, Format, Sample EEs
• Annotated Bibliographies
• DP Research Process
• Databases & Academic Journals
• Evaluate Sources
• Academic Integrity
• MLA Citation Format
• CSE Citation Format (Science & Math)
• Video Tutorials 2024

The Assessment Crtiteria in Detail!

• Criterion A: Focus and method
• Criterion B: Knowledge and understanding
• Criterion C: Critical Thinking
• Criterion D: Presentation
• Criterion E: Engagement
• EE_How to maximize marks for different subjects?

• Criterion C: Critical thinking

Notes from the IB

RE: Research Question and Title of Extended Essay

Please note the statement below from the EE curriculum manager regarding the need to have both a title and a RQ for all subjects. Previous versions of the EE Guide indicated that the title and the RQ should be the same for History, Business Management and Mathematics. This is no longer the case.  All essays, regardless of the subject, need to have both a RQ and a title.

Hi Kathy, 

To answer your question, I am going to quote directly from a response John Royce provided, on this forum, in October in response to a very similar question: (it was a question about using Spanish sources - hence the mention of Spanish)

It is certainly  permissible to use sources which are not in the language of the essay, but translation into the target language is required , one cannot assume that the reader understands the original language.

It is usual to quote the original as well as presenting the translation.  [Do not put quotation marks around your translation, just around the original]

Umberto Eco argues ("in Mouse or rat?") that direct translation may lose meaning, paraphrase or use of different idioms may be required to get the ideas across. Paul Bellos ("Is that a fish in your ear?") makes a similar argument - direct translation may confound meaning... Direct translation may not be ideal - meaning and understanding are preferred - so, not to worry that your student with her good Spanish cannot present a direct translation.

What  must be made clear is that the translations are those of the student;  these are her understandings. Readers can make of that what they will - and if unsure, are presented with the original - they can seek another translation.  A note in the acknowledgements and/or in the introduction to the effect that all translations are those of the writer is ... essential.

In response to the question about the  Bibliography/Works cited, my preference would be to list the source in its original Thai version, but perhaps with the English in brackets, to help the examiner.

Your bibliography will have the entries in Thai characters first in the document. Any in-text citation to Thai sources will be in (Thai characters [English translation]).

Citation in Thai [English translation]

Works Cited Example:

วงษ์ปัญญา, ธนกร [Wongpunya, Thanakorn]. “โรงงานยาสูบรวยแค่ไหน และเอาเงินไปทำอะไรบ้าง.”  [How rich is the Thailand Tobacco Monopoly and where does the money go?] (candidate translation). The Standard, The Standard, 30 Aug. 2018, thestandard.co/thailand-tobacco-monopoly/.

Format of the Extended Essay

Required Formatting

The extended essay should be written in a clear, correct and formal academic style, appropriate to the subject from which the topic is drawn. Given that the extended essay is a formally written research paper, it should strive to maintain a professional, academic look. 

To help achieve this, the following formatting is  required:

• 12-point, readable font (Calibri or Times New Roman);
• double spacing throughout entire Essay;
• page numbering - top right corner;
• no candidate or school name or supervisor name on the title page or page headers.

Submitting the extended essay in the required format will help set the tone of the essay and will aid readability for on-screen assessment by examiners.

Required S tructure

The structure of the essay is very important. It helps students to organize the argument, making the best use of the evidence collected. 

There are six required elements of the final work to be submitted. More details about each element are given in the  “Presentation”  section. Please note that the order in which these elements are presented here is not necessarily the order in which they should be written. 

Six required elements of the extended essay:

• Contents page
• Introduction
• Body of the essay
• References and bibliography -- if MLA "Works Cited" if CSE "References"

1. Required Title Page  

The title page should include  only  the following information: 

• the title of the essay
• the research question
• the subject the essay is registered in (if it is a language essay also state which category it falls into; if a world studies essay also state the theme and the two subjects utilized) 

The upper limit is 4,000 words for all extended essays. 

2. Required Contents Page

A contents page must be provided at the beginning of the extended essay and all pages should be numbered. Please note that an index page is not required and if included will be treated as if it is not present.

3. Required Introduction

The introduction should tell the reader what to expect in the essay. The introduction should make clear to the reader the focus of the essay, the scope of the research, in particular an indication of the sources to be used, and an insight into the line of argument to be taken. 

While students should have a sense of the direction and key focus of their essay, it is sometimes advisable to finalize the introduction once the body of the essay is complete.

4. Required Body of the Essay  (research, analysis, discussion, and evaluation)

The main task is writing the body of the essay, which should be presented in the form of a reasoned argument. The form of this varies with the subject of the essay but as the argument develops it should be clear to the reader what relevant evidence has been discovered, where/how it has been discovered and how it supports the argument. In some subjects, for example, the sciences, sub-headings within the main body of the essay will help the reader to understand the argument (and will also help the student to keep on track). In structuring their extended essay, students must take into consideration the expected conventions of the subject in which their extended essay is registered. 

Once the main body of the essay is complete, it is possible to finalize the introduction (which tells the reader what to expect) and the conclusion (which says what has been achieved, including notes of any limitations and any questions that have not been resolved). 

Any information that is important to the argument  must not  be included in appendices or footnotes/endnotes. The examiner  will not  read notes or appendices, so an essay that is not complete in itself will be compromised across the assessment criteria.

5. Required Conclusion

The conclusion says what has been achieved, including notes of any limitations and any questions that have not been resolved. While students might draw conclusions throughout the essay based on their findings, it is important that there is a final, summative conclusion at the end. This conclusion(s) must relate to the research question posed.

6.  Required References & Bibliography

Students should use their chosen style of academic referencing as soon as they start writing. That way they are less likely to forget to include a citation. It is also easier than trying to add references at a later stage. For more information on this, refer to the guidelines in the IB document  Effective citing and referencing.

Writing the essay takes time but if students have used their Researcher's reflection space and reflection sessions in a meaningful way they should be well prepared to develop their arguments.

Extended Essay - Examples & Exemplars

• Essays from May 2018 with IB marks and commentaries
• Assessed Student Work & Commentary IB-provided. "Student sample extended essays, corresponding marks and comments from senior examiners are available for the following Diploma Programme disciplines. Please note that in light of not having authentic RPPFs to accompany these essays, they are marked against criteria A – D only, for a total of 28 possible marks. Following the first assessment session in 2018, exemplars will be refreshed with authentic sample material." more... less... Biology English Economics History Studies in language and literature Language acquisition Mathematics Psychology Visual arts World studies extended essay (WSEE)
• Excellenet Extended Essays Concordian GoogleDoc
• EngA1_Othello EE Othello 2018 From inThinking.net Click the link to see the score and evaluation.
• Fifty (50) More Excellent Extended Essays DVD by International Baccalaureate Call Number: HS DVD 808.4 ISBN: 9781906345600 Publication Date: 2011 1 DVD-ROM (1:33 min.)

Past CIS Extended Essays

Available in the library behind the desk are file folders of past Extended Essays by Concordian students and IB EE Exemplars. Feel free to browse the papers which must be kept in the library.

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3 Useful Ways On How To Introduce Yourself In Thai

• , September 24, 2019

Of course, learning how to introduce yourself in Thai is important! While I am not the most talkative person, I find that the friendliness of Thai people very captivating. There is a fruit shop not far from my place where I like to buy watermelon and pineapple. After going to that shop a few times, the shopkeeper started to recognize me and we would make small talk as I paid for my fruit. Eventually, I worked up the courage to try out my Thai skills and introduce myself.

Introducing oneself goes beyond just a simple greeting . It is telling them your name, where you are from and other details like that. For today, we will focus on vocabulary for making a good first impression by learning how to introduce yourself in Thai.

How To Say “My Name Is” In Thai

Perhaps the most important part of an introduction is to tell the other person your name. I imagine it would be awkward to be halfway through a conversation with someone new and then realize you don’t know their name.

First, you use the word for ‘I’ . This is dependent on your gender, so males would say ‘pom’ (ผม) while females would say ‘chan’ (ฉัน). Then, the word for name is ‘cheu’ (ชื่อ) and that’s it. Just add your name to the end and then, depending on who you are talking to, the polite word after that. After, you can then ask for their name by saying “khun cheu arai” (คุณชื่ออะไร).

My name is <Michael>.

Pom cheu <Michael> khrap.

ผม ชื่อ <ไมเคิล> ครับ.

What is your name?

Khun cheu arai khrap?

คุณ ชื่อ อะไร ครับ

 My name is <Kara>.

Chan cheu <Kara> ka.

ฉัน ชื่อ <คาร่า> ค่ะ

How To Say Where You Are From

If you are visiting someone that is often visited by tourists, it is not uncommon to be asked about where you are from. As one of the most visited countries in the world, people from all over will be stopping by, so this can make for a good conversation starter. 

So, to say where you are from, as in your nationality, you say ‘pom’ or ‘chan’ then ‘mah jaak’ (มาจาก) followed by the name of your country. Then, once again, you can ask the other by place ‘khun’ first and ‘mah jaak’. The word ‘bprah tet’ (ประเทศ) means country or nation, and comes next in the question. Then ‘arai’ (อะไร) comes at the end to make it a question. You can also use ‘thi-nai’ (ที่ไหน – where) after ‘khun mah jaak’ to ask the same thing.

Where are you from?

Khun mah jaak thi-nai?

คุณ มา จาก ที่ไหน

Answer Male:

I come from <Germany>.

Pom mah jak bprah tet <yuh ro ma ni>.

ผม มา จาก ประเทศ <เยอรมนี>

Answer Female:

I come from <England>.

Chan mah jaak bprah tet <ang rit>

ฉัน มา จาก ประเทศ <อังกฤษ>

How To Say Your Age

Sometimes, the topic of age can also come up in conversation. It seems that asking someone their age is not as rude in Thailand as it is considered elsewhere. In fact, how else would you know how to address them properly? Just make sure to use polite words when asking then you should be fine asking this. 

Anyway, asking someone’s age is simple. Again, you take the word for I and then say ‘aa yu’ (อายุ) followed by your age and ‘pii’ (ปี). Then, to ask the other person their age, you use ‘khun aa yu thao rai’ (คุณอายุเท่าไหร่) and the polite word.

How old are you?

Khun aa yu thao rai khrap?

คุณอายุเท่าไรครับ

I am 25 years old.

Pom aa yu yii sip haa pii.

ผมอายุยี่สิบห้าปี.

Chan aa yu yii sip haa pii

ฉัน อายุ ยี่สิบห้า ปี

Ready To Introduce Yourself In Thai?

Now that you know these phrases, you should be ready to start introducing yourself. However, you will likely need to do some research to make sure you can understand the answers you receive. Firstly, you need to get to grips with the Thai numbers so that you can say your age, and then you need to learn some of the different country names so that you are able to say where you are from. Other than that, I don’t think there is anything here that is too difficult to try out.

The Ling Thai app from Simya solutions is a great way to work up your confidence and learn these phrases ready for that meeting you have planned. That is plenty of tests and games that will help you to memorize and use these in real-life scenarios.

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An Introduction To Thai Literature

Thai literature is not to be overlooked. In addition to many famous Thai authors and writers, Bangkok was even named the UNESCO World Book Capital in 2013. The capital of Thailand was recognized for the quality of its programs to promote books and reading. From famous Thai novelists to up and coming writers, Thailand has a wide variety of literature that’s worth reading. Here’s Culture Trip’s introduction to Thai literature.

Prabda yoon.

Prabda Yoon does it all. From writing to graphic designing to translating and more, there is seemingly nothing that this Bangkokian can’t do. Yoon was educated on the east coast in the U.S. and remained there until 2002. When he was 29 years old, he moved back to Thailand and was almost immediately awarded the S.E.A. Write Award for his collection of short stories titled T he Sad Part Was, now published by Tilted Axis Press in Mui Poopoksakul ‘s English translation. As a renowned translator he’s worked on some of the most famous pieces of literature ever written including include Lolita by Vladimir Nabokov and A Clockwork Orange by Anthony Burgess. Yoon is definitely worth checking out.

Sunthorn Phu

Sunthorn Phu is a Thai poet who lived during the 19th century. He’s often referred to as Thailand’s Shakespeare, and is certainly the Kingdom’s most well-known poet. Many of his works have been commemorated in literary landmarks found all over Thailand , including on the island of Ko Samet . There’s also an entire monument dedicated to him in Sunthorn Phu Memorial Park, Rayong, with a statue of Phu surrounded by other sculptures that replicate characters from his work. This park is also home to a large celebration held each year to celebrate the author’s birthday.

Seni Saowaphong

Seni Saowaphong was once the ambassador to Burma . One of Saowaphong’s most famous works, Pisat (Ghosts) , published in 1957, is one of the most famous books of Thai contemporary literature. It’s notable because it confronts the idea that those who are Buddhist , as most of the Thai population are, must surrender to karma. Saowaphong challenges this idea and essentially encourages those who are Buddhist to instead embrace opportunity and shape their own future. Many of his works challenged what was considered normal in Thai society, and he was thus thought of as a pioneer. His works also played a major role in the art for life movement in the mid-1970s.

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S. P. Somtow

S.P. Somtow is both inspirational and successful. In his TED Talk given in Chiang Mai titled “Riding the Lightning”, he discusses big ideas, and how people should deal with them.

“Lightning strikes us all the time, but we don’t want to seize that bolt of lightning and do something about it,” Somtow said. “And what I want to talk to you today about is how to decide what to do when lightning strikes, how to react, whether you should run away in terror or whether you should grasp it and simply let it burn you up and do something.”

We can only assume that Somtow followed this exact same advice when pursuing his many dreams. Somtow has dabbled in various different career paths. In addition to being one of Thailand’s most well-known writers, he also composed music beginning in the 1970s. After composing, he wrote science fiction but later experimented with a variety of genres, including horror and fantasy after moving to the United States . The International Herald Tribune even referred to Somtow as the most well-known expatriate Thai in the world. Some of his most popular books include Jasmine Nights , his Chronicles of the High Inquest series, Moon Dance , The Stone Buddha’s Tears , Other Edens , Darker Angels , and The Shattered Horse. Pick up any to be enlightened by this fantastic author.

Emmanuelle Arsan

Emmanuelle Arsan was born in Bangkok in 1932 with the name Marayat Rollet-Andriane, but Emmanuelle Arsan was her pen name. The pen name she used is the same as the main fictional character in her popular book Emmanuelle . The book is about a wife heading to Bangkok to meet her husband. Along the way, she engages in a journey of her own sexuality. It was hugely successful and has been made into a movie and a graphic novel. The book was published in 1959 in France , where she was living with her husband, Louis-Jacques Rollet-Andriane. He was a French diplomat at UNESCO and modern theories say that he acted as a co-author of sorts to the famous novel – or wrote it completely on his own, depending on your beliefs of the theories.

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Jirat Prasertsup

Jirat Prasertsup, a Chiang Mai-based writer, found his inspiration in music as opposed to other successful authors in his novel Pipittapan Sieng ( Museum Of Sound) . Some of the bands this up and coming writer listened to while writing this popular title included Western favorites such as Muddy Waters, The Naked & Famous, and Arcade Fire. The book was even shortlisted for the South East Asian Write Award. Prasertsup has not always written books though. Before this publication, he was working on the editorial staff for a magazine in northern Thailand, as well as working as a columnist and translator. By Kelly Iverson

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IELTS Writing Task 2: How to write a good introduction

Introductions are an important part of a Writing Task 2 essay. They let your examiner know what to expect from your essay. That’s why we have put together a quick list of tips you can use to write an effective introduction for Writing Task 2.

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An introduction is important to the essay because it creates an initial impression in terms of the quality of your writing. A clear, well-organised and relevant introduction will most certainly create a positive first impression on the examiner. So, what makes up an effective introduction? Let’s take a look.  

Tip 1: Stop to read and analyse the question

In Writing Task 2, you need to address all the parts of the question or task in a relevant way. Because your introduction is the first step towards achieving this goal, you need to introduce your answer to all the different parts of the question. This is why it is important to take some time to read and analyse the task before you start writing, so you know exactly what you are being asked to write about. 

Tip 2: Begin with a general statement and then focus in on the details of the question

Writing Task 2 questions usually begin with a general statement before focusing in on more specific points or questions about the topic. Using a similar model in your own introduction is a great way to start your essay, but make sure that your general statement is clearly related to your topic and is not too broad. 

Tip 3: Use your own words

While it is perfectly acceptable for you to use the task as a guide for your introduction, make sure you do not copy material from the task.  

Copying the task word-for-word shows the examiner that you have a limited range of language, which can affect your band score. Instead, change the order of the information, use synonyms, and explain more complex ideas in your own words.  

It is also important not to use a memorised introduction where you insert words related to the question topic. Examiners read thousands of responses so can recognise memorised scripts.

Tip 4: State your position

In Writing Task 2, you will need to develop a position while exploring the different parts of the task. It is then important that you clearly state your position in your introduction. 

Tip 5: Explain how you plan to develop your essay

Even though this strategy can be considered as optional, briefly explaining how you plan to develop the topic can help you better organise your writing. It is also a good way to let the examiner know what you’ll be covering in the essay. 

Review your introduction

Don’t forget to re-read your introduction once you’ve finished writing your essay. It is common for test takers to begin their essays thinking about a specific argument, or a specific way to organise their writing but change their minds as they develop the topic. So, after completing your Writing Task 2, make sure that your final draft still matches your introduction. 

Now that we have gone over some important strategies for writing a good introduction for Writing Task 2, it’s time to look at a sample introduction. Start by reading and analysing the prompt, as mentioned in tip 1. Then, carefully read the sample introduction and notice the different strategies used, which have been highlighted for you.

Sample question

The threat of nuclear weapons maintains world peace. Nuclear power provides cheap and clean energy. 

The benefits of nuclear technology far outweigh the disadvantages. 

To what extent do you agree or disagree?  

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. 

Write at least 250 words.

Sample introduction

General Statement: 

Nuclear technology has been around for many years.  

Details: 

Whether this technology is used for weapons of mass destruction or as a source of energy, many are of the belief that the use of nuclear energy has more advantages than disadvantages. 

Position: 

In my opinion, nuclear technology can indeed be a very efficient energy source. However, nuclear weapons possess such enormous destructive power that any benefits that this technology may offer to humankind are not enough to counter its potential devastating effects. 

Plan: 

This essay will address why the drawbacks of nuclear technology outweigh the benefits and will include relevant examples to support this position.

Just as an effective introduction will let the examiner know what they can expect from your essay, a good conclusion will remind them of the main points presented and will summarise what you want your examiner to remember from your writing. Check our blog for our post on strategies for writing a good conclusion! 

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How to Write an Essay Introduction (with Examples)   

The introduction of an essay plays a critical role in engaging the reader and providing contextual information about the topic. It sets the stage for the rest of the essay, establishes the tone and style, and motivates the reader to continue reading. 

Table of Contents

What is an essay introduction , what to include in an essay introduction, how to create an essay structure , step-by-step process for writing an essay introduction , how to write an introduction paragraph , how to write a hook for your essay , how to include background information , how to write a thesis statement .

• Argumentative Essay Introduction Example: 
• Expository Essay Introduction Example 

Literary Analysis Essay Introduction Example

Check and revise – checklist for essay introduction , key takeaways , frequently asked questions .

An introduction is the opening section of an essay, paper, or other written work. It introduces the topic and provides background information, context, and an overview of what the reader can expect from the rest of the work. 1 The key is to be concise and to the point, providing enough information to engage the reader without delving into excessive detail. 

The essay introduction is crucial as it sets the tone for the entire piece and provides the reader with a roadmap of what to expect. Here are key elements to include in your essay introduction: 

• Hook : Start with an attention-grabbing statement or question to engage the reader. This could be a surprising fact, a relevant quote, or a compelling anecdote. 
• Background information : Provide context and background information to help the reader understand the topic. This can include historical information, definitions of key terms, or an overview of the current state of affairs related to your topic. 
• Thesis statement : Clearly state your main argument or position on the topic. Your thesis should be concise and specific, providing a clear direction for your essay. 

Before we get into how to write an essay introduction, we need to know how it is structured. The structure of an essay is crucial for organizing your thoughts and presenting them clearly and logically. It is divided as follows: 2  

• Introduction:  The introduction should grab the reader’s attention with a hook, provide context, and include a thesis statement that presents the main argument or purpose of the essay.  
• Body:  The body should consist of focused paragraphs that support your thesis statement using evidence and analysis. Each paragraph should concentrate on a single central idea or argument and provide evidence, examples, or analysis to back it up.  
• Conclusion:  The conclusion should summarize the main points and restate the thesis differently. End with a final statement that leaves a lasting impression on the reader. Avoid new information or arguments. 

Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to write an essay introduction: 

• Start with a Hook : Begin your introduction paragraph with an attention-grabbing statement, question, quote, or anecdote related to your topic. The hook should pique the reader’s interest and encourage them to continue reading. 
• Provide Background Information : This helps the reader understand the relevance and importance of the topic. 
• State Your Thesis Statement : The last sentence is the main argument or point of your essay. It should be clear, concise, and directly address the topic of your essay. 
• Preview the Main Points : This gives the reader an idea of what to expect and how you will support your thesis. 
• Keep it Concise and Clear : Avoid going into too much detail or including information not directly relevant to your topic. 
• Revise : Revise your introduction after you’ve written the rest of your essay to ensure it aligns with your final argument. 

Here’s an example of an essay introduction paragraph about the importance of education: 

Education is often viewed as a fundamental human right and a key social and economic development driver. As Nelson Mandela once famously said, “Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.” It is the key to unlocking a wide range of opportunities and benefits for individuals, societies, and nations. In today’s constantly evolving world, education has become even more critical. It has expanded beyond traditional classroom learning to include digital and remote learning, making education more accessible and convenient. This essay will delve into the importance of education in empowering individuals to achieve their dreams, improving societies by promoting social justice and equality, and driving economic growth by developing a skilled workforce and promoting innovation. 

This introduction paragraph example includes a hook (the quote by Nelson Mandela), provides some background information on education, and states the thesis statement (the importance of education). 

This is one of the key steps in how to write an essay introduction. Crafting a compelling hook is vital because it sets the tone for your entire essay and determines whether your readers will stay interested. A good hook draws the reader in and sets the stage for the rest of your essay.  

• Avoid Dry Fact : Instead of simply stating a bland fact, try to make it engaging and relevant to your topic. For example, if you’re writing about the benefits of exercise, you could start with a startling statistic like, “Did you know that regular exercise can increase your lifespan by up to seven years?” 
• Avoid Using a Dictionary Definition : While definitions can be informative, they’re not always the most captivating way to start an essay. Instead, try to use a quote, anecdote, or provocative question to pique the reader’s interest. For instance, if you’re writing about freedom, you could begin with a quote from a famous freedom fighter or philosopher. 
• Do Not Just State a Fact That the Reader Already Knows : This ties back to the first point—your hook should surprise or intrigue the reader. For Here’s an introduction paragraph example, if you’re writing about climate change, you could start with a thought-provoking statement like, “Despite overwhelming evidence, many people still refuse to believe in the reality of climate change.” 

Including background information in the introduction section of your essay is important to provide context and establish the relevance of your topic. When writing the background information, you can follow these steps: 

• Start with a General Statement:  Begin with a general statement about the topic and gradually narrow it down to your specific focus. For example, when discussing the impact of social media, you can begin by making a broad statement about social media and its widespread use in today’s society, as follows: “Social media has become an integral part of modern life, with billions of users worldwide.” 
• Define Key Terms : Define any key terms or concepts that may be unfamiliar to your readers but are essential for understanding your argument. 
• Provide Relevant Statistics:  Use statistics or facts to highlight the significance of the issue you’re discussing. For instance, “According to a report by Statista, the number of social media users is expected to reach 4.41 billion by 2025.” 
• Discuss the Evolution:  Mention previous research or studies that have been conducted on the topic, especially those that are relevant to your argument. Mention key milestones or developments that have shaped its current impact. You can also outline some of the major effects of social media. For example, you can briefly describe how social media has evolved, including positives such as increased connectivity and issues like cyberbullying and privacy concerns. 
• Transition to Your Thesis:  Use the background information to lead into your thesis statement, which should clearly state the main argument or purpose of your essay. For example, “Given its pervasive influence, it is crucial to examine the impact of social media on mental health.” 

A thesis statement is a concise summary of the main point or claim of an essay, research paper, or other type of academic writing. It appears near the end of the introduction. Here’s how to write a thesis statement: 

• Identify the topic:  Start by identifying the topic of your essay. For example, if your essay is about the importance of exercise for overall health, your topic is “exercise.” 
• State your position:  Next, state your position or claim about the topic. This is the main argument or point you want to make. For example, if you believe that regular exercise is crucial for maintaining good health, your position could be: “Regular exercise is essential for maintaining good health.” 
• Support your position:  Provide a brief overview of the reasons or evidence that support your position. These will be the main points of your essay. For example, if you’re writing an essay about the importance of exercise, you could mention the physical health benefits, mental health benefits, and the role of exercise in disease prevention. 
• Make it specific:  Ensure your thesis statement clearly states what you will discuss in your essay. For example, instead of saying, “Exercise is good for you,” you could say, “Regular exercise, including cardiovascular and strength training, can improve overall health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases.” 

Examples of essay introduction 

Here are examples of essay introductions for different types of essays: 

Argumentative Essay Introduction Example:  

Topic: Should the voting age be lowered to 16? 

“The question of whether the voting age should be lowered to 16 has sparked nationwide debate. While some argue that 16-year-olds lack the requisite maturity and knowledge to make informed decisions, others argue that doing so would imbue young people with agency and give them a voice in shaping their future.” 

Expository Essay Introduction Example  

Topic: The benefits of regular exercise 

“In today’s fast-paced world, the importance of regular exercise cannot be overstated. From improving physical health to boosting mental well-being, the benefits of exercise are numerous and far-reaching. This essay will examine the various advantages of regular exercise and provide tips on incorporating it into your daily routine.” 

Text: “To Kill a Mockingbird” by Harper Lee 

“Harper Lee’s novel, ‘To Kill a Mockingbird,’ is a timeless classic that explores themes of racism, injustice, and morality in the American South. Through the eyes of young Scout Finch, the reader is taken on a journey that challenges societal norms and forces characters to confront their prejudices. This essay will analyze the novel’s use of symbolism, character development, and narrative structure to uncover its deeper meaning and relevance to contemporary society.” 

• Engaging and Relevant First Sentence : The opening sentence captures the reader’s attention and relates directly to the topic. 
• Background Information : Enough background information is introduced to provide context for the thesis statement. 
• Definition of Important Terms : Key terms or concepts that might be unfamiliar to the audience or are central to the argument are defined. 
• Clear Thesis Statement : The thesis statement presents the main point or argument of the essay. 
• Relevance to Main Body : Everything in the introduction directly relates to and sets up the discussion in the main body of the essay. 

Writing a strong introduction is crucial for setting the tone and context of your essay. Here are the key takeaways for how to write essay introduction: 3  

• Hook the Reader : Start with an engaging hook to grab the reader’s attention. This could be a compelling question, a surprising fact, a relevant quote, or an anecdote. 
• Provide Background : Give a brief overview of the topic, setting the context and stage for the discussion. 
• Thesis Statement : State your thesis, which is the main argument or point of your essay. It should be concise, clear, and specific. 
• Preview the Structure : Outline the main points or arguments to help the reader understand the organization of your essay. 
• Keep it Concise : Avoid including unnecessary details or information not directly related to your thesis. 
• Revise and Edit : Revise your introduction to ensure clarity, coherence, and relevance. Check for grammar and spelling errors. 
• Seek Feedback : Get feedback from peers or instructors to improve your introduction further. 

The purpose of an essay introduction is to give an overview of the topic, context, and main ideas of the essay. It is meant to engage the reader, establish the tone for the rest of the essay, and introduce the thesis statement or central argument.  

An essay introduction typically ranges from 5-10% of the total word count. For example, in a 1,000-word essay, the introduction would be roughly 50-100 words. However, the length can vary depending on the complexity of the topic and the overall length of the essay.

An essay introduction is critical in engaging the reader and providing contextual information about the topic. To ensure its effectiveness, consider incorporating these key elements: a compelling hook, background information, a clear thesis statement, an outline of the essay’s scope, a smooth transition to the body, and optional signposting sentences.  

The process of writing an essay introduction is not necessarily straightforward, but there are several strategies that can be employed to achieve this end. When experiencing difficulty initiating the process, consider the following techniques: begin with an anecdote, a quotation, an image, a question, or a startling fact to pique the reader’s interest. It may also be helpful to consider the five W’s of journalism: who, what, when, where, why, and how.   For instance, an anecdotal opening could be structured as follows: “As I ascended the stage, momentarily blinded by the intense lights, I could sense the weight of a hundred eyes upon me, anticipating my next move. The topic of discussion was climate change, a subject I was passionate about, and it was my first public speaking event. Little did I know , that pivotal moment would not only alter my perspective but also chart my life’s course.” 

Crafting a compelling thesis statement for your introduction paragraph is crucial to grab your reader’s attention. To achieve this, avoid using overused phrases such as “In this paper, I will write about” or “I will focus on” as they lack originality. Instead, strive to engage your reader by substantiating your stance or proposition with a “so what” clause. While writing your thesis statement, aim to be precise, succinct, and clear in conveying your main argument.  

To create an effective essay introduction, ensure it is clear, engaging, relevant, and contains a concise thesis statement. It should transition smoothly into the essay and be long enough to cover necessary points but not become overwhelming. Seek feedback from peers or instructors to assess its effectiveness. 

References  

• Cui, L. (2022). Unit 6 Essay Introduction.  Building Academic Writing Skills . 
• West, H., Malcolm, G., Keywood, S., & Hill, J. (2019). Writing a successful essay.  Journal of Geography in Higher Education ,  43 (4), 609-617. 
• Beavers, M. E., Thoune, D. L., & McBeth, M. (2023). Bibliographic Essay: Reading, Researching, Teaching, and Writing with Hooks: A Queer Literacy Sponsorship. College English, 85(3), 230-242. 

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I moved to Thailand, started a family, and can't picture ever returning home to Scotland

• It's been 14 years since Duncan Forgan left Scotland and he's unsure whether he'll ever return home.
• He says that bad air quality and traffic congestion can make Bangkok a difficult city to live in.
• But shares four reasons he's continued living in Southeast Asia after all these years.

A friend recently said that living in Southeast Asia was akin to winning one of Willy Wonka's golden tickets. And it's impossible to dismiss a long list of advantages that include the cuisine, cultural heritage, diverse landscapes, low cost of living, and generally friendly, laid-back hosts.

There are trade-offs, including terrible air quality, horrendous traffic congestion, and temperatures that veer toward the inhumane. But on the plus side, I get sun-kissed winters, palm-fringed beaches, and a less stringently regulated existence.

Like anywhere, life in Bangkok has its difficulties. The city is enervating, largely incomprehensible, and as batty as Mr Wonka. Yet, overall, I do feel like I was handed the keys to the proverbial chocolate factory.

With its gilded temples, sci-fi-worthy skyline, and heady mélange of sights, sounds, and smells, Bangkok could barely be more vivid. This intensity helped me fall for Thailand's lovably deranged capital when I first traveled here 14 years ago.

Here are four other things that have kept me in Southeast Asia's occasionally grubby grasp.

1. Food is one of the city's chief keepers.

From pavement vendors serving up banquets for just a few dollars to bustling markets packed with produce and vibrant with color, the city has a knack for whetting appetites, including my own.

Bangkok is often cited as the planet's street food capital . For high-quality street food in a safe, clean environment, it's hard to beat Or Tor Kor Market. It's a great place to sample a wide range of tasty creations, from som tam (spicy green papaya salad) and kao ka moo (braised pork served with rice) to mango sticky rice. Another choice destination is Yaowarat Road in Chinatown where delicious noodle dishes and roast meats such as pork, duck, and goose are the order of the day.

The diversity of options still floors me. On a recent Sunday, I started my day with a bowl of Chinese-Thai jok (rice porridge) from Jok Prince, where charcoal fire imparts added smokiness. I then had lunch at South Indian stalwart Tamil Nadu and finished the day off with a dinner at Ojo, the sky-high signature Mexican restaurant at the crown of the MahaNakhon Tower, Thailand's tallest building.

2. It's easier to tune out of the news cycle

This one is such an exile privilege that it comes with caveats.

Many Thai friends despair about the country's broken politics and surface-level media which favors soap opera-style stories over critical analysis.

But personally, I find it liberating to detach from the yoke of everyday consumption of Western news outlets through choice or osmosis.

Related stories

The pandemic was a giant story in Thailand, as it was everywhere. Yet Western media obsessions — US presidential elections and divisive identity politics, to name but two — are not given the same relentless prominence here.

Social media makes it difficult to ignore the vicissitudes of the global news agenda. However, I appreciate the added scope to tune out the noise.

3. The amazing destinations on my doorstep

I've experienced some transcendent moments across the Asia-Pacific region.

My travel writing gigs have encompassed dancing to obscure soul music in a sweaty underground club with Kansai's mod contingent, piloting a vintage Royal Enfield to hunt down the best bowl of khao soi in Chiang Mai , and hacking my way along the Nullarbor Links from South to Western Australia.

Recently, I visited Phong Nha in north-central Vietnam for the first time and spent three days exploring the karst scenery. A motorbike loop from the Phong Nha Farmstay was a worthy introduction to the area. But the grand finale — a one-day trek involving waterfall jumps and a swim into the extremities of a river cave — was unforgettable.

The cliché about there always being something new to discover is well-worn. And, in the case of Asia, it's true.

4. Life at home gets harder to visualize

I'd be lying if I said I never feel the call of home.

When I left London for Asia at the end of 2010, I felt pretty done with the UK due to a combination of factors, ranging from relationship woes to despair about my spluttering career.

For a while, I was happy enough to redeem the return portion of my airfare whenever I made my yearly trip home.

The arrival of my son, Alexander, along with a nearly three-year pandemic-imposed gap between trips, and a long-term Bangkok resident's gratitude for clean air and quiet have helped soften my perspective. These days, the annual pilgrimage to Scotland is something to anticipate rather than to tick off.

For all my renewed appreciation of my homeland, relocating there still feels like a stretch. I've not lived in Scotland since 2007, and the axis of my life — wife and son, friends, work networks, clients — is almost entirely Asia-orientated. Also, years of encountering diverse cultures, ways of life, and perspectives in Asia have altered me to the point where I'm not confident of readjusting to home .

We are heading back to Scotland this July, and I can't wait to catch up with friends and family and show my son Alex the Highlands for the first time. But post-trip, I'll resist the temptation to place rose-tinted spectacles on overly misty eyes.

Got a personal essay about living abroad that you want to share? Get in touch with the editor: [email protected] .

Watch: How a Thai mask-maker is keeping a 600-year-old tradition alive

• Main content

At The Brink

An Introduction: It’s Time to Protest Nuclear War Again

Kathleen Kingsbury, Opinion Editor

The threat of nuclear war has dangled over humankind for much too long. We have survived so far through luck and brinkmanship. But the old, limited safeguards that kept the Cold War cold are long gone. Nuclear powers are getting more numerous and less cautious. We’ve condemned another generation to live on a planet that is one grave act of hubris or human error away from destruction without demanding any action from our leaders. That must change.

In New York Times Opinion’s latest series, At the Brink, we’re looking at the reality of nuclear weapons today. It’s the culmination of nearly a year of reporting and research. We plan to explore where the present dangers lie in the next arms race and what can be done to make the world safer again.

W.J. Hennigan, the project's lead writer, begins that discussion today by laying out what’s at stake if a single nuclear weapon were used, as well as revealing for the first time details about how close U.S. officials thought the world came to breaking the decades-long nuclear taboo.

Russia’s president, Vladimir Putin, threatened in his 2024 annual speech that more direct Western intervention in Ukraine could lead to nuclear conflict. Yet an American intelligence assessment suggests the world may have wandered far closer to the brink of a nuclear launch more than a year earlier, during the first year of Mr. Putin's invasion.

This is the first telling of the Biden administration’s efforts to avoid that fate, and had they failed, how they hoped to contain the catastrophic aftermath. Mr. Hennigan explores what happened during that tense time, what officials were thinking, what they did and how they’re approaching a volatile future.

In the first essay of the series, W.J. Hennigan lays out the risks of the new nuclear era and how we got here. You can listen to an adaptation of the piece here .

Within two years, the last major remaining arms treaty between the United States and Russia is to expire. Yet amid mounting global instability and shifting geopolitics, world leaders aren’t turning to diplomacy. Instead, they have responded by building more technologically advanced weapons. The recent intelligence on Russia’s development of a space-based nuclear weapon is the latest reminder of the enormous power these weapons continue to wield over our lives.

There is no precedent for the complexity of today’s nuclear era. The bipolarity of the Cold War has given way to a great-power competition with far more emerging players. With the possibility of Donald Trump returning as president, Iran advancing its nuclear development and China on track to stock its arsenal with 1,000 warheads by 2030, German and South Korean officials have wondered aloud if they should have their own nuclear weapons, as have important voices in Poland, Japan and Saudi Arabia.

The latest generation of nuclear technology can still inflict unspeakable devastation. Artificial intelligence could someday automate war without human intervention. No one can confidently predict how and if deterrence will work under these dynamics or even what strategic stability will look like. A new commitment to what could be years of diplomatic talks will be needed to establish new terms of engagement.

Over the past several months, I’ve been asked, including by colleagues, why I want to raise awareness on nuclear arms control when the world faces so many other challenges — climate change, rising authoritarianism and economic inequality, as well as the ongoing wars in Ukraine and the Middle East.

Part of the answer is that both of those active conflicts would be far more catastrophic if nuclear weapons were introduced into them. Consider Mr. Putin’s threat at the end of February: “We also have weapons that can strike targets on their territory,” the Russian leader said during his annual address. “Do they not understand this?”

The other answer lies in our recent history. When people around the world in the 1960s, ’70s, ’80s and early ’90s began to understand the nuclear peril of that era, a vocal constituency demanded — and achieved — change.

Fear of mutual annihilation last century spurred governments to work together to create a set of global agreements to lower the risk. Their efforts helped to end atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons, which, in certain cases, had poisoned people and the environment. Adversarial nations started talking to each other and, by doing so, helped avoid accidental use. Stockpiles were reduced. A vast majority of nations agreed to never build these weapons in the first place if the nations that had them worked in good faith toward their abolishment. That promise was not kept.

In 1982 as many as a million people descended on Central Park calling for the elimination of nuclear arms in the world. More recently, some isolated voices have tried to raise the alarm — Jamie Dimon, the chief executive of JPMorgan Chase, said last year that “the most serious thing facing mankind is nuclear proliferation” — but mostly such activism is inconceivable now. The once again growing threat of nuclear weapons is simply not part of the public conversation. And the world is less secure.

Today the nuclear safety net is threadbare. The good news is that it can be restitched. American leadership requires that Washington marshal international support for this mission — but it also requires leading by example. There are several actions that the U.S. president could take without buy-in from a Congress unlikely to cooperate.

As a first step, the United States could push to reinvigorate and establish with Russia and China, respectively, joint information and crisis control centers to ensure that misunderstandings and escalation don’t spiral. Such hotlines have all but gone dormant. The United States could also renounce the strategy of launching its nuclear weapons based only on a warning of an adversary’s launch, reducing the chance America could begin a nuclear war because of an accident, a human or mechanical failure or a simple misunderstanding. The United States could insist on robust controls for artificial intelligence in the launch processes of nuclear weapons.

Democracy rarely prevents war, but it can eventually serve as a check on it. Nuclear use has always been the exception: No scenario offers enough time for voters to weigh in on whether to deploy a nuclear weapon. Citizens, therefore, need to exert their influence well before the country finds itself in such a situation.

We should not allow the next generation to inherit a world more dangerous than the one we were given.

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