examples of research questions in microbiology

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Introduction, supplementary data, acknowledgments.

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Fifty important research questions in microbial ecology

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Rachael E. Antwis, Sarah M. Griffiths, Xavier A. Harrison, Paz Aranega-Bou, Andres Arce, Aimee S. Bettridge, Francesca L. Brailsford, Alexandre de Menezes, Andrew Devaynes, Kristian M. Forbes, Ellen L. Fry, Ian Goodhead, Erin Haskell, Chloe Heys, Chloe James, Sarah R. Johnston, Gillian R. Lewis, Zenobia Lewis, Michael C. Macey, Alan McCarthy, James E. McDonald, Nasmille L. Mejia-Florez, David O’Brien, Chloé Orland, Marco Pautasso, William D. K. Reid, Heather A. Robinson, Kenneth Wilson, William J. Sutherland, Fifty important research questions in microbial ecology, FEMS Microbiology Ecology , Volume 93, Issue 5, May 2017, fix044, https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fix044

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Microbial ecology provides insights into the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of microbial communities underpinning every ecosystem on Earth. Microbial communities can now be investigated in unprecedented detail, although there is still a wealth of open questions to be tackled. Here we identify 50 research questions of fundamental importance to the science or application of microbial ecology, with the intention of summarising the field and bringing focus to new research avenues. Questions are categorised into seven themes: host–microbiome interactions; health and infectious diseases; human health and food security; microbial ecology in a changing world; environmental processes; functional diversity; and evolutionary processes. Many questions recognise that microbes provide an extraordinary array of functional diversity that can be harnessed to solve real-world problems. Our limited knowledge of spatial and temporal variation in microbial diversity and function is also reflected, as is the need to integrate micro- and macro-ecological concepts, and knowledge derived from studies with humans and other diverse organisms. Although not exhaustive, the questions presented are intended to stimulate discussion and provide focus for researchers, funders and policy makers, informing the future research agenda in microbial ecology.

In recent years there has been an explosion in microbial ecological research, which is reflected in broad-scale research projects such as the Human Microbiome Project and the Earth Microbiome Project, as well as in the peer-reviewed literature (e.g. Boers, Jansen and Hays 2016 ). Recent rapid technological advances, including next-generation sequencing, (meta)genomics, metabolomics, (meta)transcriptomics and (meta)proteomics, have vastly increased our ability to study microbial community complexity and function (Morris et al. 2002 ; Hiraoka, Yang and Iwasaki 2016 ). These provide unprecedented opportunities to assess genomic potential, gene regulation, expression and function in situ (Schneider et al. 2012 ; Franzosa et al. 2015 ), especially when combined with detailed knowledge of natural history and environmental parameters (Peay 2014 ). Such techniques have been applied to a vast range of fields within the scope of ‘microbial ecology’ in order to better understand how microorganisms interact with and affect their environment, each other and other organisms.

With an overwhelming and ever-growing number of potential and critical research avenues in microbial ecology, it is timely to identify major questions and research priorities that would progress the field. Here we present the results of a workshop hosted by the British Ecological Society's Microbial Ecology Special Interest Group in June 2016, which used a discussion and voting-based system to identify 50 research questions of importance to the field of microbial ecology. Similar exercises identifying important research questions have been conducted in conservation (Sutherland et al. 2009 ; Dicks et al. 2012 ), pure ecology (Sutherland et al. 2013a ), marine biodiversity (Parsons et al. 2014 ), sustainability (Dicks et al. 2013 ; Jones et al. 2014 ) and non-ecological subjects including UK poverty (Sutherland et al. 2013b ). These papers have been widely accessed and are directly applicable to the development of policy, as highlighted by Jones et al. ( 2014 ).

Participants

The methods used here were based broadly on those presented in Sutherland et al. ( 2011 ). A 1-day workshop was held by the British Ecological Society's Microbial Ecology Special Interest Group at the University of Salford (UK) in June 2016. Invitations to attend the meeting were distributed via the British Ecological Society's membership mailing list and through social media (Twitter and Facebook). In total, 34 participants from 20 institutions attended and contributed to the development of the 50 questions listed below, with the majority listed as authors on this paper.

We are aiming to identify 50 questions that, if answered, will make a considerable difference to the use of microbial ecology by practitioners and policy makers, or to the fundamentals of the field of microbial ecology. These should be questions that are unanswered, could be answered, and could be tackled by a research programme. This is expected to set the agenda for future research in the field of microbial ecology.

Host–microbiome interactions

Health and infectious diseases, human health and food security, microbial ecology in a changing world, environmental processes, functional diversity, evolutionary processes.

An additional eighth theme named ‘society and policy ’ was created to encompass questions that were generally applicable across the biological sciences, as well as those specific to the field of microbial ecology, which could not necessarily be addressed through laboratory based microbial ecology research, per se.

Question selection process

Prior to the workshop, participants were asked to identify the top ∼20% of questions in each theme that most closely aligned with the brief (selection of 5–11 questions from a total of 26–57 questions per theme via an online form; Supplementary Information). Participants were asked to consider all questions within a theme and to select questions based on the theme's context and the brief for the workshop. Some questions were included in more than one theme to encourage discussion and to increase the likelihood that pertinent questions remained in the selection process. Questions were then ranked according to the number of online votes they received, and this formed the material for the workshop.

Parallel sessions to discuss each theme were run at the workshop, with participants free to select which theme sessions they attended. Questions were discussed in order of lowest ranking to highest, with duplicates removed and questions reworded as necessary. For each theme, a final set of ‘gold’ (∼15% of questions, total of 47 questions across all themes) and ‘silver’ questions (∼10% of questions, total of 29 questions) were identified. Where necessary, a show of hands was used to ensure the democratic process was upheld.

A final plenary session was held in which all gold and silver questions were discussed. For gold questions, duplicates among categories were removed and questions reworded to reflect the discussion in the room, resulting in 43 gold questions. A similar process was then completed for silver questions, and a show of hands used to vote for seven questions that could be elevated to gold status to form the final set of 50 questions.

Limitations

All but four participants were from British universities, although there were representatives from a range of nationalities and research areas. The manner in which this paper was developed (i.e . through a physical workshop and via the British Ecological Society) means that, without a substantial travel budget, a bias towards UK institutions was inevitable. However, many participants have worked on, or currently collaborate in, research projects on non-UK ecosystems and species, and therefore the questions proposed are drawn from considerable knowledge and experience of the field internationally. Additionally, although most individuals were from academic institutions, many individuals had previous or ongoing collaborations with industrial partners and governmental/non-governmental organisations.

The following 50 questions are presented by theme, and are not ordered according to relevance or importance. Due to the nature of the process, some questions may appear similar across themes, but within the context of each theme can take on a different meaning. Some questions may relate to research areas that are already somewhat active, and these serve to highlight the importance of and encourage further work in these areas. Some of these questions apply across multiple biomes and ecosystems, and can be considered in the context of multiple host organisms and across varying temporal and spatial scales.

What are the primary mechanisms within a host that mediate microbe–microbe and host–microbe interactions?

What are the relative contributions of host-associated and environmental factors in determining host microbial community composition?

How do microbial communities function to affect the phenotype of the host?

Can compositional or evolutionary changes in microbiomes help hosts adapt to environmental change within the lifetime of the host?

What is the role of the microbiota in host speciation processes?

How can the associated microbiota be effectively included in risk assessments of invasive non-native species?

How does the microbiome of captive animals affect the success of reintroduction programmes?

How can a ‘systems biology’ approach improve our understanding of host–microbe interactions?

The last 50 years have seen the emergence of several hypervirulent wildlife pathogens in animals (reviewed in Tompkins et al. 2015 ) and plants (Pautasso et al. 2015 ). Although the role of microorganisms as pathogens is well known, the importance of host-associated microbiomes in regulating disease susceptibility is becoming more apparent (Koch and Schmid-Hempel 2011 ; Daskin and Alford 2012 ; King et al. 2016 ). A major outstanding research goal is to understand how within-host interactions among microbes and invading pathogens may shape patterns of infection intensity and disease progression (see also ‘ evolutionary processes’). Several studies have sought to determine how manipulation of host microbiomes may ameliorate the spread and impact of such diseases (e.g. reviewed in Rebollar et al. 2016 ).

While for many disease states the paradigm holds true that one microorganism causes one disease, polymicrobial infections are becoming more apparent through metagenomic and metatranscriptomic sequencing of disease-associated microbial communities (Gilbert et al. 2016 ). Consequently, the ‘pathobiome’ concept, where a disease state is influenced by complex interactions between commensal and pathogenic microorganisms, presents new challenges for applying Koch's postulates to diseases arising from polymicrobial interactions (Vayssier-Taussat et al. 2014 ), such as black band disease in corals (Sato et al. 2016 ) and olive knot disease (Buonaurio et al. 2015 ).

How can we better track the source and dispersal of particular microorganisms in real time?

Many microorganisms are unculturable, and many microbiome studies reveal that diseases are polymicrobial; how can we re-evaluate Koch's postulates in this context?

Which factors trigger ‘covert’ infections to become ‘overt', impacting host health?

At the population level, how is the burden and shedding intensity of intracellular microbes affected by co-infection by extracellular parasites?

What is the ecological relevance of the internalisation of bacterial pathogens by protozoa in terms of their survival and spread?

How can network theory best be used to predict and manage infectious disease outbreaks in animals and plants?

Can microbiomes of wildlife (plants and animals) be used or manipulated to enhance health and/or disease resistance?

With the human population due to exceed eight billion by 2024, food security and human health are high on political and scientific agendas. The human microbiome has been the focus of intense research efforts in recent years, (e.g. Spor, Koren and Ley 2011 ; Walter and Ley 2011 ; Mueller et al. 2012 ), because gut symbionts shape the immune response (Round and Mazmanian 2009 ), and diversity fluctuates through chronic conditions and infectious diseases including diabetes, obesity (Ridaura et al. 2013 ; Baothman et al. 2016 ; Serino et al. 2016 ), asthma (Smits et al. 2016 ) and HIV (Lozupone et al. 2013 ). Improving our understanding of the core human microbiome and individual variation will underpin pharmomicrobiomics, enabling development of novel therapeutic treatments and, ultimately, personalised medicine (e.g. Ubeda et al. 2013 ).

Antibiotic resistance resulting from selective pressures generated by the use and misuse of antibiotics is a global threat to public health (Levy 1997 ; Tam et al. 2012 ). The volume of antibiotics used in agriculture now exceeds the amount used in human medicine in many countries (WHO 2011 ). Antibiotics are still widely used in livestock for prophylaxis and growth promotion, often at subtherapeutic concentrations, exacerbating resistance (Krishnasamy, Otte and Silbergeld 2015 ). The impact of the leaching of antibiotics into the natural environment and subsequent impacts on natural microbial communities remains poorly characterised (Franklin et al. 2016 ). Current practices of growing high-intensity monoculture crops have a negative impact on the microbial biodiversity of soils through a combination of tillage, subsequent erosion and chemical applications (Helgason et al. 1998 ; Jacobsen and Hjelmsø 2014 ; Zuber and Villamil 2016 ), which imposes selection pressures on pathogenic microbes, fungal symbiotic partners and plant growth promoting bacteria (Chaparro et al. 2012; Hartmann et al. 2015 ). Thus, there is a need to maintain and enhance microbial populations of crop ecosystems, especially in light of antibiotic resistance (Ellouze et al. 2014 ). As antibiotic resistance increases, along with our concern about potential impact on both human and animal health, there is an increasing drive to find new forms of antibiotics.

How can human microbiome studies improve personalised medicine?

What ecological principles can be applied in the search for new antibiotics and alternatives?

What are the main determinants of waterborne infection outbreaks, and what is the best strategy to control these in water distribution systems?

What are the consequences of antibiotic and pharmaceutical use in human medicine on microbial communities in freshwater and soil environments?

To what extent are microbial species distributions influenced by climate, and what are the consequences for food security and human health?

How much microbial diversity in the soil has been lost through monoculture and what is the importance of this?

Intensive farming may involve high levels of agrochemicals and broad-spectrum antibiotic usage: what will be the long-term effects on microbial communities?

How best can we harness microbial communities to enhance food production?

How can we integrate microbial communities into models of global change?

Will ocean acidification, temperature increases and rising sea levels lead to changes in microbial diversity or function, and what will the cascading effects of this be?

How do human activities, such as oil and gas drilling, influence the sub-surface microbiome(s)?

How will increasing urbanisation affect environmental and host-associated microbial communities?

How resilient are different microbial functional groups to ecosystem disturbance?

Can we manipulate microbial succession in species-poor soils to encourage repopulation by flora and fauna?

How do we successfully establish microbial communities used in bioremediation?

How important is the rare microbiome in ecosystem function, and how does this change with stochastic events?

To what extent is microbial community diversity and function resilient to short- and long-term perturbations?

What is the importance of spatial and temporal variation in microbial community structure and function to key environmental processes and geochemical cycles?

How can we accurately measure microbial biomass in a reproducible manner?

Which mechanisms do extremophiles use for survival and how can they be exploited?

What are the mechanisms driving microbial community structure and function, and are these conserved across ecosystems?

What is the relative importance of stochastic vs determinative processes in microbial community assembly?

How conserved are microbial functions across different spatial and temporal scales?

What is the relative importance of individual ‘species’ for the functioning of microbial communities?

How much functional redundancy is there in microbial communities, and how does functional redundancy affect measures of diversity and niche overlap?

How often are functional traits of microbes successfully conferred through horizontal gene transfer?

What methods can we use to marry microbial diversity with function; how do we link transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics?

How do we move beyond correlation to develop predictive models that advance our understanding of microbial community function and dynamics?”

How useful are synthetic communities for testing theories about microbial community dynamics and function?

How can a bacterial ‘species’ be defined?

To what extent is faunal and floral biodiversity influenced by microbial communities?

To what extent do microbial communities have an equivalent to keystone ‘species’?

Does the structure of microbial communities conform to the same ecological rules/principles as in other types of communities?

How do fundamental shifts in environmental conditions impact the trajectory of microbial evolution?

What are the relative selective forces favouring microbial genome expansion or reduction?

Society and policy

How can we best address supply and demand of information about microbial ecology between researchers, clinicians, policy makers and practitioners?

How can we best use social and traditional mass media for early identification of emerging threats to animal and plant health?

How can we develop an open access data repository or integrate existing databases to create a centralised and standardised method for data and methods sharing in microbial ecology?

How can we replace fear-based regulation with risk-based regulation, specifically with regard to the use of microbes in bioremediation and bioaugmentation?

Here we present 50 important research questions across a number of themes relating to the field of microbial ecology. Although there are many other research issues worthy of investigation, it is intended that these questions will be used to inform and direct future research programmes and agendas, particularly in areas where microbial ecology has not previously been considered or applied. In many cases, these questions are deliberately broad to allow researchers to adapt them to their own areas of interest, for example across different systems, or to varying spatial scales. Across many questions there was strong recognition of the vast metabolic capabilities of microorganisms and microbial communities, and the need to utilise this power to improve human and animal health and wellbeing. Some themes addressed various existing mechanisms for exploiting microbial processes, namely bioremediation, soil improvement, water treatment and probiotic suppression of pathogen resistance. As these are already active areas of research, the questions posed here are structured to provide a framework by which these efforts can be directed in the future.

A predominant theme that emerged was the need to integrate knowledge between different research areas, for example, the application of information from human microbiome studies to the study of other non-model host organisms, and the potential to apply macroecological frameworks to microecological concepts. Many fundamental biological questions that are well studied in classical ecology remain controversial for microbial ecology, and the species concept (Freudenstein et al. 2016 ), taxonomy, and how the OTU should be defined for microorganisms, generated multiple questions (e.g. see ‘evolutionary processes’ theme). Classical community ecology concepts should not be overlooked when considering microbial dynamics (Rynkiewicz, Pedersen and Fenton 2015 ) and, conversely, microbial communities may prove useful models for general ecology due to their short generation times, reproducibility and ease of use in the laboratory environment (Brockhurst and Koskella 2013 ; Libberton, Horsburgh and Brockhurst 2015 ; King et al. 2016 ). There have been a number of calls for the medical profession to look to ecological and evolutionary tools when seeking to understand epidemiology (Johnson, de Roode and Fenton 2015 ), investigating novel antibacterial agents (Vale et al. 2016 ), and considering multihost, multiagent disease systems (Buhnerkempe et al. 2015 ).

The ‘host–microbiome interactions ’ theme considered the need to understand factors influencing microbiome composition, which in turn have consequences for a myriad of host traits, including disease susceptibility and host evolution (Chisholm et al. 2006 ; Archie and Theis 2011 ; Spor, Koren and Ley 2011 ; Cho and Blaser 2012 ; Zilber-Rosenberg and Rosenberg 2008 ; McFall-Ngai et al. 2013 ; McFall-Ngai 2015 ). As this theme considered microbiota from the perspective of the host, there was some overlap with the ‘health and infectious diseases ’ and ‘evolutionary processes’ themes. Probiotics were discussed as a viable and promising alternative to current strategies in a number of contexts in these themes, to improve individual health; to decrease disease susceptibility of humans and other animals; to enhance nutritional quality of food; and to mitigate the negative impacts of antibiotic use across humans, livestock, aquaculture and agriculture (Martín et al. 2013 ; Newaj-Fyzul, Al-Harbi and Austin 2014 ; Smith 2014 ; Fox 2015 ). Developing personalised probiotic-based therapies requires complementary diversity and functional-based studies in order to elucidate the specific roles of microbiota in health and disease, and thus how microbial communities can be manipulated.

Questions considered in both the ‘functional diversity ’ theme and the ‘environmental processes ’ theme raised a common need to understand changes in microbial community structure and function across spatial and temporal scales (Carmona et al. 2016 ). Establishing appropriate spatial scales for studying microbial processes is an outstanding challenge: microorganisms can orchestrate ecosystem functioning across whole biomes (Sheffer et al. 2015 ), yet fungi exhibit low mobility on tree barks (Koufopanou et al. 2006 ; Robinson, Pinharanda and Bensasson 2016 ), and an air void in soil can be an insuperable barrier for a bacterium. Similarly, drawing meaningful conclusions about microbial processes requires understanding of their temporal variability, for example, diurnal influences (Shurpali et al. 2016 ) or lags behind changes in ecosystem drivers (Allison and Martiny 2008 ).

A subject common to a number of themes was the role of individual species versus consortia in community functioning. The question of defining bacterial species is a contentious topic, and the issue remains whether some microbial taxa act as keystones in ecosystem functions. Many microbial surveys carry the implicit assumption that the most abundant taxa are also the most important, yet rare species can be hugely significant if they are highly active and/or monopolise a particular process (Lynch and Neufeld 2015 ). The collective metabolic capabilities of microorganisms have great potential for in situ applications such as bioremediation, particularly when used in multispecies consortia (Mikesková et al. 2012 ). Successful bioremediation and environmental management requires the introduction of new assemblages into an established community, or stimulation of key members of the community in situ (Rillig et al. 2006 ). In turn, predicting the successful establishment of deliberately introduced organisms depends on an understanding of the principles underlying microbial community formation and structure. Despite these challenges, functional diversity modelling has successfully been applied to the ecological restoration of some plant communities (Laughlin 2014 ). Closely linked to this is the issue of functional redundancy, and to what extent it is possible to lose species without affecting ecosystem functions. Already there is evidence that microbial communities may be less functionally redundant than macroorganism communities (Delgado-Baquerizo et al. 2016 ). This issue ties into fundamental ecological concepts, such as niche theory (Carmona et al. 2016 ); if multiple organisms are carrying out the same process, apparently interchangeably, how do they avoid competitively excluding one another? The concept of keystone species has been shown to be applicable to microbes (Neufeld et al. 2008 ; Pester et al. 2010 ; Ze et al. 2012 ; Yu et al. 2016 ), yet further work is needed to characterise the extent to which keystone functions occur in different environments and whether these can be consistently identified (Anderson 2003 ; Pester et al. 2010 ).

The need for open access databases and repositories, both in the context of data sharing and for methods and protocols, was reflected in the questions shortlisted for the ‘ society and policy ’ theme. Discussions included the benefits of forming collaborative and open research communities, and the need to ensure the legacy of academic research through improving regulation and policy and engagement with the public. Fear-based regulation of research, grounded in alarmist or populist campaigns, as opposed to risk-based regulation built upon evidence, was identified as a possible obstacle to progress, which could be addressed through greater interaction between microbial ecologists and the public at both governmental and grass roots levels. Large-scale assessments of ecosystem services and degradation acknowledge the paucity of data on microbial impacts, presumably because there are no convincing large-scale messages that can be derived at this stage (Norris et al. 2011 ). Microbial diversity is therefore rarely considered when estimates of biodiversity are required for policy or management decisions. That said, the increasing recognition of the fundamental impact of the microbial world on the functioning of larger-scale processes has made the deliberate manipulation of the microbial world a controversial subject, which was reflected in the number of draft questions submitted related to bioremediation and bioaugmentation (see Supplementary Information). Collaboration with social scientists was identified as crucial in gauging public understanding of microbial ecology, and citizen science approaches were considered as tools to tackle key microbial ecology research questions.

The 50 questions identified here cover a broad range of topics, but some over-arching themes recur across multiple questions, including a recognition that microbes play an important role in a variety of different processes and systems, which may be exploited to solve real-world problems. There were some similarities between the questions identified here and those identified by previous workshops of a similar nature. For example, questions relating to soil health and biodiversity (Dicks et al. 2013 ), a requirement for developing a theoretical understanding of micro- and macroecological concepts (Prosser et al. 2007 ; Sutherland et al. 2013a ) and disease dynamics (Prosser et al. 2007 ; Sutherland et al. 2013a ) have a degree of commonality with this list. This indicates that the ecological theory underpinning many research questions transcends scientific disciplines, and that there is still much work to be done at both theoretical and applied levels. Within these 50 questions, we have tried to provide a focus for researchers addressing scientific questions from a microbial perspective, regardless of their background. It is expected that these questions will facilitate interesting discussion and new, exciting, interdisciplinary research. The list is by no means exhaustive, and we recognise that the questions presented here are relatively community-centric, primarily due to the recent expansion in methodological approaches that have improved our understanding of microbial community diversity and function. That said, other areas of microbial ecology should not be ignored or forgotten. Given the rapidly evolving field of microbial ecology, it is expected that future workshops with a wide draw will be held to ensure that the identification of research priorities and areas of interest is a continuing process.

Supplementary data are available at FEMSEC online.

The authors thank Francis Brearley and Michael Cunliffe for their submissions to the pre-workshop questions, and Jessica Hall, Daniel Henk and Matt Lloyd Jones for their contributions at the workshop.

This work was supported by contributions from the British Ecological Society and the University of Salford towards funding the workshop. KMF was funded by the Finnish Cultural Foundation, NLMF Colciencias, MCM by Earth and Life Systems Alliance, and WJS by Arcadia. The positions and opinions presented in this article are those of the authors alone and are not intended to represent the views or scientific works of the European Food Safety Authority.

Conflict of interest. None declared.

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Fifty important research questions in microbial ecology

Affiliations.

• 1 School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, The Crescent, Salford M5 4WT, UK.
• 2 School of Science and the Environment, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, Greater Manchester M1 5GD, UK.
• 3 Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, London NW1 4RY, UK.
• 4 Silwood Park, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College London, London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
• 5 School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, South Glamorgan CF10 3XQ, UK.
• 6 School of Environment, Natural Resources and Geography, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2DG, UK.
• 7 Biosciences, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, Lancashire L39 4QP, UK.
• 8 Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
• 9 School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
• 10 Department of Biology, University of York, York, North Yorkshire YO10 5DD, UK.
• 11 Institute of Integrative Biology/School of Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside L69 3BX, UK.
• 12 School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.
• 13 School of Biological Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2DG, UK.
• 14 Scottish Natural Heritage, Inverness IV3 8NW, UK.
• 15 Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 1TN, UK.
• 16 Animal and Plant Health Unit, European Food Safety Authority, Parma 43126, Italy.
• 17 School of Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear NE1 7RU, UK.
• 18 Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, Lancashire LA1 4YW, UK.
• 19 Conservation Science Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 1TN, UK.
• PMID: 28379446
• DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fix044

Microbial ecology provides insights into the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of microbial communities underpinning every ecosystem on Earth. Microbial communities can now be investigated in unprecedented detail, although there is still a wealth of open questions to be tackled. Here we identify 50 research questions of fundamental importance to the science or application of microbial ecology, with the intention of summarising the field and bringing focus to new research avenues. Questions are categorised into seven themes: host-microbiome interactions; health and infectious diseases; human health and food security; microbial ecology in a changing world; environmental processes; functional diversity; and evolutionary processes. Many questions recognise that microbes provide an extraordinary array of functional diversity that can be harnessed to solve real-world problems. Our limited knowledge of spatial and temporal variation in microbial diversity and function is also reflected, as is the need to integrate micro- and macro-ecological concepts, and knowledge derived from studies with humans and other diverse organisms. Although not exhaustive, the questions presented are intended to stimulate discussion and provide focus for researchers, funders and policy makers, informing the future research agenda in microbial ecology.

Keywords: environmental processes; evolutionary processes; functional diversity; host–microbiome interactions; priority setting, research agenda.

© FEMS 2017. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: [email protected].

• Bacteria / growth & development*
• Biological Evolution*
• Communicable Diseases*
• Food Safety*
• Microbiota*

Grants and funding

• BB/F004311/1/BB_/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom

100+ Microbiology Project Topics [Updated]

Microbiology, the study of microorganisms, holds immense importance in the realms of medicine, agriculture, industry, and environmental science. It’s a field teeming with opportunities for exploration and discovery. For students passionate about unraveling the mysteries of the microbial world, engaging in microbiology projects is not just educational but also immensely rewarding.

In this blog, we aim to provide a comprehensive guide to over 100 updated microbiology project topics across various sub-disciplines. Whether you’re a student seeking inspiration for your next research endeavor or an educator looking to expand your list of project ideas, this resource is tailored to meet your needs.

Choosing a Microbiology Project Topic

Table of Contents

Selecting the right project topic is crucial for the success and fulfillment of your research journey. Here are some key considerations to keep in mind:

• Personal Interest and Career Goals: Opt for a topic that aligns with your interests and long-term career aspirations. Whether it’s bacterial pathogenesis, virology, immunology, environmental microbiology, food microbiology, or clinical microbiology, choose a subject that excites you.
• Relevance to Current Trends: Stay abreast of the latest advancements and trends in microbiology. Topics related to emerging infectious diseases, antibiotic resistance, microbiome research, and biotechnological applications are particularly timely and impactful.
• Resource Availability and Feasibility: Assess the availability of laboratory resources, equipment, and expertise required for your chosen project. Ensure that your topic is feasible within the constraints of your academic or research environment.

100+ Microbiology Project Topics

Now, let’s delve into our curated list of microbiology project topics across various sub-disciplines:

Bacterial Microbiology

• Role of quorum sensing in bacterial biofilm formation.
• Antibiotic resistance mechanisms in clinically relevant bacterial strains.
• Bacteriophages as alternative therapeutics for antibiotic-resistant infections.
• Molecular mechanisms of bacterial pathogenicity using model organisms.
• Genetic diversity and evolution of influenza viruses for vaccine development.
• Host-virus interactions underlying viral replication and pathogenesis.
• Metagenomic profiling of viral communities to identify novel pathogens.
• Screening natural products for antiviral activity against emerging diseases.
• Efficacy of novel vaccine formulations in eliciting immune responses.
• Immunomodulatory effects of probiotics on mucosal immunity and gut health.
• Dysregulated immune responses in autoimmune disorders.
• Host immune evasion strategies in persistent viral infections.

Environmental Microbiology

• Microbial diversity in hydrothermal vent ecosystems using next-generation sequencing.
• Biodegradation of environmental pollutants by microbial consortia.
• Extremophilic microorganisms adapted to harsh environmental conditions.
• Role of soil microbiota in plant growth promotion and biocontrol.

Food Microbiology

• Microbial contamination in food processing facilities and sanitation practices.
• Identification and characterization of foodborne pathogens.
• Spoilage mechanisms of food products and strategies for shelf life extension.
• Safety and efficacy of probiotic supplements in fermented foods.

Clinical Microbiology

• Molecular epidemiology of healthcare-associated infections using whole-genome sequencing.
• Mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance in clinically important pathogens.
• Human microbiome profiling in health and disease states using metagenomics.
• Rapid diagnostic tests for infectious diseases in clinical settings.

Miscellaneous Topics

• Microbial ecology of the human gut microbiota.
• Role of microbiota in neurodevelopmental disorders like autism.
• Microbiological aspects of bioremediation in environmental cleanup efforts.
• Microbial production of biofuels and bioplastics.
• Application of CRISPR-Cas technology in microbial genome editing.
• Microbial production of enzymes for industrial processes.
• Microbial synthesis of novel antimicrobial compounds.
• Microbial fermentation processes for food and beverage production.
• Bioinformatics analysis of microbial genomes and metagenomes.
• Microbial ecology of extreme environments, such as deep-sea hydrothermal vents.
• Microbiological aspects of the human skin microbiome and its implications for health.
• Microbial diversity and ecosystem functions in freshwater and marine environments.
• Microbial interactions in symbiotic relationships with plants and animals.
• Microbial biogeochemical cycling of elements in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.
• Microbial diversity and community composition in urban environments.
• Microbial ecology of infectious diseases in wildlife populations.
• Microbial contributions to nutrient cycling and soil fertility in agricultural systems.
• Microbial contamination of water sources and strategies for water quality management.
• Microbial degradation of pollutants in soil and water environments.
• Microbial diversity and biotechnological potential of hot springs and thermal vents.
• Microbial ecology of the built environment, including hospitals and households.
• Microbial interactions in the rhizosphere and their effects on plant health and productivity.
• Microbial diversity and function in extreme environments, such as polar regions and deserts.
• Microbial ecology of air quality, including indoor and outdoor microbial communities.
• Microbial contributions to biogeochemical cycling in aquatic ecosystems, such as lakes and oceans.
• Microbial roles in the decomposition of organic matter and nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems.
• Microbial diversity and community dynamics in mangrove ecosystems and their ecological functions.
• Microbial contributions to the degradation of pollutants and xenobiotics in contaminated environments.
• Microbial interactions with pollutants and their role in environmental remediation strategies.
• Microbial diversity and function in hydrothermal vent ecosystems and their biogeochemical significance.
• Microbial diversity and community composition in permafrost environments and their response to climate change.
• Microbial ecology of extremophiles and their adaptations to extreme environmental conditions.
• Microbial diversity and function in deep-sea environments, including the deep ocean and hydrothermal vents.
• Microbial contributions to the biogeochemistry of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur cycling in marine ecosystems.
• Microbial interactions with marine organisms and their role in marine food webs and ecosystem dynamics.
• Microbial diversity and function in coral reef ecosystems and their response to environmental stressors.
• Microbial contributions to the cycling of nutrients and organic matter in coastal ecosystems and estuaries.
• Microbial diversity and community composition in Arctic and Antarctic environments and their response to climate change.
• Microbial interactions with marine pollutants and their role in the degradation and detoxification of contaminants.
• Microbial diversity and function in marine sediments and their role in biogeochemical cycling and ecosystem functioning.
• Microbial ecology of deep-sea hydrothermal vents and cold seeps and their contributions to global biogeochemical cycles.
• Microbial diversity and community dynamics in oceanic oxygen minimum zones and their implications for carbon and nitrogen cycling.
• Microbial interactions with marine organisms and their role in shaping marine biodiversity and ecosystem structure.
• Microbial contributions to the cycling of nutrients and energy in marine ecosystems, including primary production and decomposition processes.
• Microbial diversity and function in marine plankton communities and their role in biogeochemical cycling and ecosystem productivity.
• Microbial ecology of marine symbioses, including mutualistic, commensal, and parasitic relationships between microbes and marine organisms.
• Microbial interactions with marine pollutants and their role in the biodegradation and detoxification of contaminants in marine environments.
• Microbial diversity and community composition in marine sediments and their role in biogeochemical cycling, nutrient regeneration, and sediment stability.
• Microbial contributions to the cycling of nutrients and energy in coastal ecosystems, including estuaries, salt marshes, and mangrove forests.
• Microbial diversity and function in coastal sediments and their role in biogeochemical cycling, organic matter degradation, and nutrient fluxes.
• Microbial ecology of marine viruses and their role in shaping microbial communities, nutrient cycling, and ecosystem dynamics in marine environments.
• Microbial diversity and community composition in marine snow aggregates and their role in transporting carbon, nutrients, and microbes in the ocean.
• Microbial interactions with marine organisms and their role in mediating host-microbe interactions, disease dynamics, and ecosystem functioning.
• Microbial contributions to the cycling of carbon and sulfur in marine sediments, including the role of anaerobic microbial processes in sedimentary environments.
• Microbial diversity and function in marine hydrothermal vent ecosystems and their role in chemosynthetic primary production, mineral precipitation, and ecosystem sustainability.
• Microbial ecology of marine deep-sea ecosystems, including abyssal plains, trenches, and seamounts, and their role in global biogeochemical cycles and biodiversity.
• Microbial diversity and community composition in marine sponge microbiomes and their role in nutrient cycling, secondary metabolite production, and host-microbe interactions.
• Microbial interactions with marine pollutants and their role in the bioremediation of oil spills, heavy metal contamination, and other anthropogenic pollutants in marine environments.
• Microbial contributions to the cycling of nutrients and energy in deep-sea ecosystems, including the role of chemosynthetic microbes in supporting deep-sea food webs and ecosystem functioning.
• Microbial diversity and function in marine coral reef ecosystems and their role in reef health, resilience, and recovery from environmental stressors such as climate change, pollution, and disease.
• Microbial ecology of marine plastic pollution and its impact on marine ecosystems, including microbial degradation of plastic polymers, biofilm formation on microplastic surfaces, and microbial interactions with plastic-associated pollutants.
• Microbial diversity and community composition in marine coastal habitats, including rocky shores, sandy beaches, and tidal pools, and their role in coastal ecosystem processes, biodiversity, and ecosystem services.
• Microbial interactions with marine organisms and their role in mediating host-microbe interactions, disease dynamics, and ecosystem functioning in marine ecosystems, including coral reefs, kelp forests, and seagrass meadows.
• Microbial contributions to the cycling of nutrients and energy in marine ecosystems, including the role of microbial processes in carbon sequestration, nitrogen fixation, and nutrient regeneration in the oceanic food web.
• Microbial diversity and function in marine pelagic ecosystems, including the open ocean, coastal upwelling zones, and polar seas, and their role in primary production, nutrient cycling, and global climate regulation.
• Microbial ecology of marine biofilms and their role in ecosystem processes, including biofouling, biocorrosion, and nutrient cycling in marine environments, such as ship hulls, oil platforms, and marine infrastructure.
• Microbial diversity and community composition in marine benthic habitats, including deep-sea sediments, hydrothermal vents, and cold seeps, and their role in biogeochemical cycling, energy flow, and ecosystem stability.
• Microbial interactions with marine pollutants and their role in the biodegradation, detoxification, and bioaccumulation of contaminants in marine ecosystems, including oil spills, heavy metals, plastics, and agricultural runoff.
• Microbial contributions to the cycling of nutrients and energy in marine ecosystems, including the role of microbial processes in carbon fixation, nitrogen cycling, and sulfur metabolism in marine food webs and biogeochemical cycles.
• Microbial diversity and function in marine deep-sea ecosystems, including abyssal plains, trenches, and seamounts, and their role in global biogeochemical cycles, biodiversity, and ecosystem functioning.
• Microbial ecology of marine sponge microbiomes and their role in nutrient cycling, secondary metabolite production, and host-microbe interactions in marine ecosystems, including coral reefs, mangrove forests, and seagrass meadows.
• Microbial interactions with marine pollutants and their role in the bioremediation of oil spills, heavy metal contamination, and other anthropogenic pollutants in marine environments, including coastal waters, estuaries, and marine sediments.
• Microbial contributions to the cycling of nutrients and energy in deep-sea ecosystems, including the role of chemosynthetic microbes in supporting deep-sea food webs, hydrothermal vent communities, and cold seep ecosystems.
• Microbial diversity and function in marine pelagic ecosystems , including the open ocean, coastal upwelling zones, and polar seas, and their role in primary production, nutrient cycling, and global climate regulation in the marine biosphere.
• Microbial diversity and community composition in marine benthic habitats, including deep-sea sediments, hydrothermal vents, and cold seeps, and their role in biogeochemical cycling, energy flow, and ecosystem stability in the deep sea.
• Microbial interactions with marine pollutants and their role in the biodegradation, detoxification, and bioaccumulation of contaminants in marine ecosystems, including oil spills, heavy metals, plastics, and agricultural runoff in coastal and oceanic environments.

Tips for Successful Microbiology Projects

Embarking on a microbiology project can be both exhilarating and challenging. Here are some tips to help you navigate the research process with confidence:

• Planning and Organization: Start with a clear research question and outline a detailed project plan with achievable milestones.
• Literature Review: Thoroughly review existing literature to build a solid theoretical framework for your research.
• Laboratory Techniques and Safety: Adhere to best practices for experimental design, data collection, and laboratory safety protocols.
• Data Analysis and Interpretation: Utilize appropriate statistical methods and data visualization tools to analyze your results effectively.
• Effective Communication: Prepare concise and compelling presentations or manuscripts to communicate your findings to peers and stakeholders.

In conclusion, microbiology offers a vast playground for exploration and innovation. By choosing the right project topic and following sound research principles, you can make meaningful contributions to our understanding of the microbial universe.

We hope this curated list of microbiology project topics serves as a valuable resource for students and educators alike, inspiring the next generation of microbial enthusiasts to embark on their research journeys. Happy exploring!

Feel free to share your thoughts, feedback, or additional project ideas in the comments section below. Together, let’s continue unraveling the mysteries of microbiology!

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Top 50 Research Topics of Microbiology

Table of Contents

Microbiology

The microbiology sector has seen huge development over the years to what it is now. You might be well aware that our earth’s surface consists of a huge microbial diversity and these wide microbial communities are present in all nooks of the earth. They offer several services to our environment. Without microbial communities, the whole earth will be a different place to live in. This is the reason microbiological research is so vital.

Microbiology is one of the very actively researched grounds, that deal with the study of microorganisms starting from the eukaryotic fungi to single celled and various cell cluster organisms. Various courses like B.Sc., M. Sc., M. Phil and Ph.D in subjects like Microbiology , Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, students are doing projects for their thesis. Excluding these, students from other courses including B. Tech, M. Tech courses in  Biotechnology , paramedical courses like  Pharmacy  (B. Pharm. and M. Pharm.) and even Medical are searching projects or thesis topics for microbiology. If you are thinking of starting a research or project work in microbiology, then you must be searching for a good topic. So we planned to make it somewhat simple and easy for you.

This article discusses about some of the top and current research topics on microbiology. Before coming to the lists of topics let’s have a brief discussion on some of the important and key tips that we should consider before finalizing a topic.

• We should remain more focused on our investigation which will help us in planning a very clear experiment and in getting very useful and pertinent data.
• We should choose a topic which will get easily manageable within the given time frame.
• One of the best tips is to initiate by formulating a hypothesis and then confirming it.
• The rate of success or failure depends on how well you are versed with the methodology.

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12 thoughts on “Top 50 Research Topics of Microbiology”

Thank you for sharing, fantastic blog…

I like this site its a master peace ! .

was helpful thanks

I need Bsc research titel

Yes,I interested in discussion

Yes, I interested in microbiology discussion

Can anyone suggest a topic for research in Microbiology!

It’s indeed fantastic!

Labmonk is like Alexandra Elbakyan of India… Breaking barriers for learners… More to go Monk

Hello sir Research topic for microbiology and study of microbiology

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BIOL 356: Microbiology: Literature Review

• Getting Started
• Literature Review
• Key Resources
• Organizing Research
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• Writing a Literature Review by Conrad Woxland Last Updated Mar 22, 2024 73 views this year
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What is a Literature Review?

• A literature review is a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the principal research about the topic being studied.
• The review helps form the intellectual framework for the study.
• The review need not be exhaustive; the objective is not to list as many relevant books, articles, reports as possible.
• However, the review should contain the most pertinent studies and point to important past and current research and practices in the field.

Purpose of a Literature Review

A literature review serves several purposes. For example, it

• provides thorough knowledge of previous studies; introduces seminal works.
• helps focus one’s own research topic.
• identifies a conceptual framework for one’s own research questions or problems; indicates potential directions for future research.
• suggests previously unused or underused methodologies, designs, quantitative and qualitative strategies.
• identifies gaps in previous studies; identifies flawed methodologies and/or theoretical approaches; avoids replication of mistakes.
• helps the researcher avoid repetition of earlier research.
• suggests unexplored populations.
• determines whether past studies agree or disagree; identifies controversy in the literature.
• tests assumptions; may help counter preconceived ideas and remove unconscious bias.

What is "the literature"?

You'll often hear "explore the literature" or "what does the literature say?"  So, what is "the literature?"

Most simply put, "the literature" is a collection of scholarly writings on a topic. This includes:

• peer-reviewed journal articles
• conference proceedings
• dissertations

How do you know when you are done researching?

Are you seeing the same articles over and over?

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177 Captivating Microbiology Research Topics For Your Paper

Selecting microbiology research topics is the first step in the process of completing academic studies. Microbiology is among the fields that experts are constantly actively researching. It deals with microorganisms’ study, from single-cell organisms to eukaryotic fungi. When pursuing a course in microbiology, educators ask learners to write academic papers on varied topics. It is not easy to write a research paper for a high grade. However, choosing the best microbiology topics is not that simple due to the vast scope of this study field. But the issue that a college or university student selects dictates the direction of their project. If struggling to choose the best microbiology topics for research paper, this list should inspire you. 

Top Microbiology Research Paper Topics

Perhaps, you want to write research papers on some of the topics that most people will be interested in reading. In that case, consider these microbiology topics for research paper projects.

• Effects of microwave radiation on different organisms
• Impacts of glucose on cut flowers’ longevity
• Modern food preservation- Impacts of technology on food conservation and consumption
• The effectiveness of recent vaccines
• Possible solutions and disease control
• Microbiology research future- Technological and theoretical developments
• Antibacterial products- Recent discoveries in antibacterial products affecting the immune system
• Latest cloning research developments
• Controversies in gene therapy
• Evidence of extraterrestrial life
• Antibiotics residence as a medicine limitation
• Bio-weapons and technological limitations

Any of these ideas is an excellent title for a research paper. However, extensive research is necessary to develop a quality paper.

Medical Microbiology Research Paper Topics

Perhaps, you’re interested in medical microbiology. In that case, consider these interesting topics in medical microbiology.

• Probiotics study and preparation
• How to prevent sickle cell anemia
• Analyzing the growth of mold
• The ability of cinnamon and curry to hinder bacterial growth
• How manure, polythene, and fertilizers affect the rate of hypocotyl elongation
• How oil spills affect ocean organisms
• Toxicity testing in marine pollutants with daphnia
• Reproduction of yeast in sugar substitutes
• Tendrils thigmotropism
• The effect of light on yeast
• Mold growth in cheese
• Dog drool and germs
• In which ground beef is bacteria level low?
• Isolating staphylococcus aurous from pasteurized and raw milk
• How garlic affects bacteria
• Effective ways to disinfect a toothbrush
• Investigating the spread of infectious diseases like Ebola
• Effects of vitamin C on fruits rotting rate

These are exciting topics in microbiology and human health. Nevertheless, take your time to research any of these ideas to develop a winning paper.

Microbiology Research Topics for Undergraduates

Maybe you’re pursuing an undergraduate course in microbiology. That means your educator will ask you to write a research paper at some point. Here are brilliant microbiology ideas to consider for your essays.

• Rebuilding microbiota during AMR infection treatment
• Risks of soil contaminants on above and below-ground ecosystems
• Effects of smoking or vaping on COVID-19, SARS, and Cov-2 results
• How metal nanoparticles affect multi-species biofilm consortia
• The involvement of oral bacteria in chronic periodontitis
• The eukaryotic activity elucidating topoisomerase in the recombination of homologous
• Protective lung tissue memory’s induction mechanisms in influenza
• The role of oral bacteria in cardiovascular disease
• Dual warhead antimicrobials in nutrient-mediated delivery
• Skin-facing antimicrobial devices in surgery during additive manufacture
• The use of CryoEM in pathogen transport and resistance study
• Isolation and characterization of microorganisms
• Microbial examination in spoilt avocado- What does it reveal?
• Polymerase chain reaction used in the diagnosis of infectious diseases
• Phytochemical and antimicrobial screening of seed and coat of Citrus Sinensis
• Effects of microbiology on mining
• How bacteria colonize the human skin
• Antibacterial activity of sweet orange on staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli from wound infection
• Bacteria’s susceptibility to antibiotics
• The oil project and bush pear analysis

Pick any of these ideas for your research paper if pursuing an undergraduate degree. Nevertheless, prepare to research the title you choose to develop a winning piece.

PhD Research Topics in Microbiology

A microbiology PhD should prepare the learner to select medical, dental, or health studies to venture into biotechnology or pharmaceutical fields. Here are exciting thesis topics for microbiology students.

• Microbial biofilms- Fungal and bacteria pathogens in environmental substrates and biomaterials
• Bacterial cell fate manipulation- Signal transduction and surface sensing role
• Salmonella typhi susceptibilities to hot aqueous extract from Hibiscus sabdariffa and antibiotics
• Toxins characterization and isolation using Cronobacter species
• Bacillus Thuringiensis and Rhizobium etli biocontrol potential
• Engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain construction to improve the production of whole-cell biocatalytic of melibiose
• Cyclic utilization in biotransformation
• Electro-activated solutions’ antibacterial activity
• Understanding the Swine flu pandemic from a microbiology perspective
• Investigating typhoid fever and risk factors in kids

Please choose a topic in this category and use it as the basis of your PhD. Nevertheless, prepare to invest time and resources in your research to develop a winning paper.

Microbiology Research Topics for College Students

Are you a college student looking for a microbiology paper topic? If yes, here are sample topics to consider for your paper.

• Evaluating changes in Ebola
• Understanding Pfiesteria piscicida subtle health effects on the worldwide population
• Has the world lost the battle with malaria?
• Horizontal genetic exchange role in the bacterial mutation
• Understanding genetic engineering applications in the food supply chain
• Analyzing genetic engineering applications in antibodies to work as enzymes
• Investigating generic allegiances- Peanut allergies case study
• Alternative targets development for vaccines
• Prevalence and history of HIV in Africa
• Biotechnology potential in smart tech
• Endolithic bacteria study in low-temperature places- Making life existence case on mars
• Understanding nitric oxide role in the immune system
• Understanding the development of superantigens and their applications
• Evaluating autoimmune disease patterns in the last decade
• How different carbon sources affect antimicrobial-producing Bacillus Species
• Antimicrobial susceptibility and prevalence of Gram-Negative Bacterial in urine
• Possible control and prevention of intestinal Schistosomiasis
• Damage and safety of water
• The antibacterial activity of medicated soaps
• Yogurt’s microbial contamination

Please select any of the ideas in this list and then develop it via extensive research to write a fantastic paper.

New Research Topics in Microbiology

Maybe you’re interested in the newest idea for research. If so, consider these latest research topics in microbiology.

• Dengue fever vaccine development
• Hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factors in cancer patients’ stem cell maintenance
• The laboratory role of Leptospirosis reference
• The mechanisms and consequences of Reovorus cell killing
• Protein and peptide nanocluster vaccines
• Formulation and delivery techniques for mRNA vaccines
• Memory lymphocyte in genital immunity- T cells’ role in tissue-resident memory
• Investigating the Lassa virus genetics
• Physiological and pathological functions in innate immune systems of CARD 9 signaling
• Signaling outcomes in RIP Kinase during neuro-invasive virus infection
• Structures of type II secretion system in needle filaments
• The manipulation of death pathways in hot cells by the Herpes Simplex virus
• The modification of the cell wall by antifungal drugs
• Sensing tissue damage by Myeloid c-type lectin receptors
• Virus-like particle immunization for respiratory viruses and protozoan parasites
• Campylobacter biofilm and quorum sensing in molecular mechanisms
• Natural competence transfer and campylobacter horizontal gene
• Investigating marine models for innate immune response and resistance colonization in campylobacter jejuni infections
• The role of iBALT in respiratory immunity
• Pyroptosis antiviral immunity

These are some of the latest topics to consider for microbiology research papers. However, each of these ideas requires extensive research to write an essay that will earn you the top grade.

Hot Research Paper Topics in Microbiology

Do you want to write a research paper on one of the hottest topics? If yes, consider these ideas for your project.

• Risk assessment for environmental organisms and the essence of knowledge and control
• Growth and survival of Salmonella during the processing of partially sprouted products and chia powders
• Innoculation protocols for low moisture foods
• Listeria survival and growth in newly cut vegetables
• Investigating starch specificities, fermentation, and enzyme activities
• Onions’ microorganisms study
• Studying the correlation of Plasmodium species
• How to diagnose human immunodeficiency virus
• Investigating bacteria that can withstand antibiotics
• Yogurts’ microbiological study during commercial preparation
• Wetland bacterial properties and functionalities
• Cyanophycin study- A bacterial polymer
• Microbiology and its role in the prevention of life-threatening illnesses
• Microbial analysis of Shea butter
• Tapeworms’ research- What are their dangers?
• The spread of influenza in the world- How it affected wars?
• Restriction-modification in cellular microbiology
• Microscope invention- How it improved microbiology knowledge
• Applied microbiology- Generation of biofuels using microorganisms
• Role of microbiology in pharmaceutical and food industries

Select and work with any of these great topics to impress the educator to award you the top grade in your class.

Environmental and Marine Microbiology Research Topics

Maybe you love researching and writing about ecological and marine microbiology. If so, consider these topic ideas for your research papers.

• Wastewater and water treatment- What are the target microorganisms?
• Marginal water reclamation and treatment
• Greenhouse gases mitigation and biofiltration
• Greenhouse gases sources
• Biowaste nutrient recovery
• Bio-remediation of water bodies and soils in arid environments
• Bio-methane production using dry climates animal wastes
• Desert rocks microbial inhabitants
• The role of bacterial diversity in the maintenance of functional ecosystems in arid areas
• How rain events affect microbial activity, abundance, and diversity
• Cycling nitrogen in dry soils
• Desert soil crust role in nutrient cycling
• Interrelationships between soil bacteria and plants and their effects on biochemical cycling
• Microorganisms in phyllosphere and rhizosphere in desert plants
• Characterization of marine viruses
• Marine biofouling microbial aspects

Students can work on these topics by researching them carefully before writing academic papers.

Food Microbiology Research Topics

If interested in food microbiology, this category has some of the best ideas for you to explore.

• How temperature affects viruses’ survival in vegetables and food to help in virus contamination comprehension
• Evaluating process water usage as the marker for determining freshly-cut greens’ contamination status
• Investigating the initial contamination, time, temperature, sanitizing rinses, indigenous microflora, and package atmosphere on E.coli’s behavior in leafy greens
• How temperature and time combine to stimulate the germination of spores in c. botulinum
• How cleaning procedures and physical augmentation remove bacillus spores in food matrices
• Norovirus and cross-contamination in the foodservice procures for preparing fresh produce
• Examining virus and abiotic surfaces in the food processing and service sectors
• How to improve sprout food safety
• Growth and survival of Listeria in freshly-cut vegetables
• Nonthermal and thermal resistance of Shiga-Toxin producing Coli and Salmonella Enterica in low-moisture foods
• How water and temperature activity affect Salmonella during storage and drying of Botanical products
• Norovirus surrogates mitigation in berries using minimal high hydrostatic pressure and freeze-drying treatment
• Bacterial pathogen mechanisms of internalization into freshly-cut fruits
• Low moisture foods inoculation protocols

Work on any of these topics if interested in a project that involves exploring food and microbiology ideas.

Immunology Microbiology Research Topics

Perhaps, you want to write a research paper on an immunology and microbiology topic. If so, consider these brilliant ideas for your essay.

• Human diseases and bacteria
• Cell biology and bacterial physiology
• Human health and microbiology
• Investigating parasite effects on human healthy
• Human diseases and viruses
• Genetics of microorganisms
• Studying eukaryotic pathogens and diseases
• Molecular microbiology and experimental approaches
• Investigating different parasitism mechanisms
• What is advanced immunology?

Select any topic in this category and perform extensive research to provide valid and relevant information that will impress the educator to award you the best grade.

Easy Microbiology Research Topics

Maybe you want a topic you’ll have an easy time working on and writing a quality paper. If so, consider these ideas for your research paper.

• How time and temperature stimulate toxin production by C. botulinum spores
• Effects of temperature on virus survival in fruits and vegetables
• Methodology and techniques for future virus studies
• The role of Redox-active metabolites in microbial signaling
• The emergence and essence of yeast in preservatives within the baking industry
• Non-conventional uses of yeast in the wine-manufacturing sector
• Microbiota- The role of bifidobacteria’s role in the human body
• Microbes interactions- The study of human microbial ecosystems
• The impact of viruses on the health of large animals
• How bacterial interactions affect cell social behavior and interaction
• How cleaning procedures impact Bacillus spores
• Desiccated Salmonella’s survival in moist and dry food processing places
• A comparative analysis of Listeria monacytogenes survival in the food manufacturing environments
• What determines the transfer rate for Salmonella sp. From butter to foods?
• Cross-contamination investigation of norovirus during service procedures within the food industry
• How human fungal pathogen’s genetic variation cause phenotypic diversity that affects diseases
• How microbiology research has helped humans in preventing life-threatening diseases

Any of these ideas can be a brilliant topic for a research paper. However, careful research and dedication are necessary to write a top-notch essay.

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100+ microbiology research topics to succeed.

Microbiology topics are some of the most researched ideas. This field entails the study of different microorganisms, ranging from eukaryotic fungi and single-celled organisms to cell-cluster organisms. When pursuing a microbiology course in a university or college, your educators will ask you to write academic papers on microbiology research topics.

Choosing the right microbiology topics to write about is essential because it determines the direction of your research and writing processes. Therefore, take your time to identify a topic you will be comfortable working with from the beginning to the end.

Top Microbiology Topics for Research

If looking for the top microbiology research paper topics, this list has some of the best ideas to explore. That’s because most people are searching for information related to these topics in microbiology.

• Bioterrorism- Bioweapons limit with technological developments
• Antibiotics resistance- A major limitation in medicine
• Extraterrestrial life- Existing life evidence in space
• Gene therapy- Gene therapy as a controversial biology topic
• Cloning- Latest developments in cloning research
• Antibacterial products-Latest discoveries explaining the possibility of antibacterial products effects on the immune system
• What is the future of microbiology research, both theoretically and technologically?
• Epidemics- Current disease control protocols and possible solutions
• Vaccines- Recent research about the effectiveness of vaccines like flue
• Food preservation methods- How technology enhances safe food preservation and consumption

These are brilliant microbiology project topics. However, you need time and effort to research any of these topics and come up with an awesome paper.

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology

Maybe you want to research and write about current topics in microbiology and immunology. That means you’re looking for topics that will enable you to explore recent information in this area. In that case, consider these microbiology topics in the news.

• Virus-like particle vaccines for protozoan parasites and respiratory viruses
• Quorum sensing and campylobacter biofilm formation in molecular mechanisms
• Campylobacter horizontal gene and natural competence transfer
• Murine investigation models for innate immune response and colonization resistance in campylobacter jejuni infections
• iBALT role in respiratory immunity
• Antiviral immunity for pyroptosis
• Damage to the sensing tissue by Myeloid c-Type Lectin receptors
• How antifungal drugs modify the cell wall
• Host cell’s death pathways manipulation by the Herpes Simplex virus
• Type II Secretion system structures in needle filaments
• RIP Kinase signaling outcomes during neuro-invasive infection by virus
• Innate immune system pathological and physiological functions of CARD 9 signaling
• The genetics of the Lassa virus
• Genital immunity’s memory lymphocyte- Tissue-resident memory T cells’ role
• Delivery and formulation technologies for the mRNA vaccines
• Peptide and protein nanocluster vaccines
• Reovirus’ cell killing- Consequences and mechanisms
• Leptospirosis reference lab’s role
• Hypoxia-inducible and hypoxia factors in stem cell maintenance among cancer patients
• Development of dengue vaccine

Pick any of these new research topics in microbiology if your goal is to work on recent information. Nevertheless, take your time reading recent literature in this field to come up with an awesome paper.

Interesting Topics in Microbiology

Perhaps, you’re looking for microbiology projects topics that most people will find interesting to read about. In that case, consider these interesting microbiology topics.

• Techniques and methodologies for future research about the virus
• Redox-active metabolite’s roles in microbial signaling
• The role and emergence of yeast as a baking industry’s preservative
• Host-pathogenic interactions study with a focus on redox and cellular metals
• Yeast non-conventional use in the wine-making industry
• Microbiota- What is the bifidobacterila’s role in the human gut?
• Virus role in vaccines development and improvement in third world countries
• Heath- Microbiology role in addressing antibiotic resistance
• Human microbial ecosystems study- Microbe interactions
• Impact and role of viruses in large animals’ health
• How bacteria in complex organisms respond to stress
• Cell to cell interaction and social behavior in bacteria interactions
• Norovirus cross-contamination investigation during service procedures in the food industry in fresh produce preparation
• Transfer rate determination in Salmonella sp. From nut butter to food materials
• Listeria monacytogenes comparative genomic analysis for survival within a food processing situation
• Thermal resistance and survival of desiccated Salmonella in dry and moist food processing environments
• Effective cleaning products for removing food matrix with B. Thuringiensis spores and B. Cereus
• Analysis of cleaning procedures’ effects on Bacillus spores
• How temperature affects viruses survival in vegetables and fruits
• How temperature and time combine to stimulate C. botulinum spores to germinate or produce a toxin

This category has some of the most interesting and easy microbiology research topics. However, take your time to research the topic you choose to write a paper that will impress your educator to award you the top grade.

Medical Microbiology Research Topics

Maybe you want to explore microbiology and human health topics. In that case, consider these medical-related microbiology paper topics.

• Probiotics- A study of their preparation
• How to prevent sickle cell anemia
• The growth of mold
• How fertilizes, polythene and manure affect the hypocotyl’s elongation rate
• How cinnamon and curry inhibit the growth of bacteria
• How oil spills affect microorganisms in the oceans
• Reproducing yeast in sugar substitutes
• Why vitamin c affects the rotting rate for fruits
• Effective toothbrush disinfecting methods
• Describe the spread of Ebola

Consider any of these microbiology research topics research paper if interested in something to do with medicine. However, take your time to identify good and authentic information sources before you start writing your paper. That’s because your educator will be interested in unique and relevant content.

Microbiology Research Topics for Undergraduates

Are you pursuing undergraduate studies in microbiology? If yes, you will find these microbiology research topics for college students interesting.

• Using polymerase chain reaction to diagnose infectious diseases
• Preliminary antimicrobial and phytochemical screening of coat and seed of citrus sinensis
• Microbiology effect on mining
• Human skin colonization by bacteria
• Sweet orange’s antibacterial activity on Escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus isolated from wound infection
• The susceptibility pattern of bacteria to antibiotics
• Bush pear analysis and the oil project
• Spoilt avocado microbial examination- What it reveals
• Characterization and isolation of microorganisms from a stored pap
• CryoEM use in understanding pathogen resistance and transport
• Additive manufacture of skin-facing antimicrobial devices for surgery
• Oral bacteria’s role in cardiovascular disease
• Nutrient-mediated ‘Dual warhead’ antimicrobials’ delivery
• Induction mechanisms of the protective lung tissue memory cells in influenza
• The activity of eukaryotic, elucidating topoisomerase in homologous recombination
• Oral bacteria involvement in chronic periodontitis- Metabolomics investigation
• Effect of metal nanoparticles on the multi-species biofilm consortia- A metabolomics investigation
• How vaping or smoking affects the risk of CoV-2, SARS, and COVID-19 outcomes
• Soil contaminants risks on below and above ground eco-systems in urban areas
• Protective microbes- How to rebuild microbiota when treating AMR infection

This category also has some of the best microbiology topics for presentation. However, get ready to research any of these topics to write an impressive paper.

Hot Topics in Microbiology

Perhaps, you’re looking for the most interesting microbiology essay topics to research and write about. In that case, consider some of the ideas in this category.

• Shea butter’s microbiological analysis
• Research of tapeworms and their dangers
• Influenza spread in the world and its impact on the war
• Restriction-modification cellular microbiology
• Applied microbiology- Biofuels generation using microorganisms
• Microscope invention and its effect on microbiology knowledge
• Microbiology role in food industries and pharmaceutical
• How microbiology has helped in preventing life-threatening illnesses
• Bacterial polymer- A study of cyanophycin
• A study of the functionalities and properties of wetland bacteria
• Microbiological study of a commercial preparation of yogurts
• A study of bacteria that withstand antibiotics
• Human immunodeficiency virus diagnosis- How it’s done
• A study of plasmodium species correlation
• A study of onions’ microorganisms
• An investigation of starch fermentation, specificities, and activities of its enzymes
• Listeria growth and survival in freshly cut vegetables
• Low moisture food inoculation protocols
• Survival and growth of Salmonella during partially sprouted products processing and chia powders
• Environmental organisms’ risk assessment and the importance of better control and knowledge

This category also has some of the best food microbiology topics. Nevertheless, students should be ready to spend time and effort researching any of these ideas before writing. That’s because educators expect them to present fresh and relevant information in their papers.

Learners have many topics or ideas to consider when researching and writing academic papers. However, every student should look for an interesting topic they are comfortable researching and writing about. That’s because writing a research paper or essay takes time. Choosing a boring topic means a learner will spend their time working on something they’re not interested in. And this can reflect on the quality of their paper. Thus, their grade will suffer.

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Biology library

Course: biology library   >   unit 1, the scientific method.

• Controlled experiments
• The scientific method and experimental design

Introduction

• Make an observation.
• Ask a question.
• Form a hypothesis , or testable explanation.
• Make a prediction based on the hypothesis.
• Test the prediction.
• Iterate: use the results to make new hypotheses or predictions.

Scientific method example: Failure to toast

1. make an observation..

• Observation: the toaster won't toast.

2. Ask a question.

• Question: Why won't my toaster toast?

3. Propose a hypothesis.

• Hypothesis: Maybe the outlet is broken.

4. Make predictions.

• Prediction: If I plug the toaster into a different outlet, then it will toast the bread.

5. Test the predictions.

• Test of prediction: Plug the toaster into a different outlet and try again.
• If the toaster does toast, then the hypothesis is supported—likely correct.
• If the toaster doesn't toast, then the hypothesis is not supported—likely wrong.

Logical possibility

Practical possibility, building a body of evidence, 6. iterate..

• Iteration time!
• If the hypothesis was supported, we might do additional tests to confirm it, or revise it to be more specific. For instance, we might investigate why the outlet is broken.
• If the hypothesis was not supported, we would come up with a new hypothesis. For instance, the next hypothesis might be that there's a broken wire in the toaster.

Want to join the conversation?

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Undergraduate Research

Microbiology is an experimental science, and the best way to understand microbiological principles and concepts is to become actively involved in research. The Microbiology department encourages students to become actively involved in an undergraduate research project in the laboratory of a Microbiology Department Faculty member. Undergraduate research experience will benefit you whether you are interested in graduate school, professional school, or getting a microbiology-related job directly after graduation.

Below, we have provided information about research opportunities that are available to our undergraduates. We encourage you to explore these opportunities.

Please contact the Microbiology Undergraduate Advisor  if you have questions about these or other programs. A student who is interested in research opportunities should follow these steps:

• Many labs in our department accept undergraduate students but availability of space and projects for undergraduate research are changing every quarter. Students are encouraged to contact faculty members directly to inquire about research opportunities available
• E-mail the faculty member to set up an appointment to talk about research opportunities in their lab. If the Faculty member agrees to have you in their lab, you can discuss scheduling your research hours, start date and number of credits taken.
• Enroll in Microbiology 4998. Students usually sign up for 1 to 3 credit hours of research per semester. Each credit is approximately 4 hours per week in a lab.
• Here are some examples of previous and ongoing undergraduate research projects .

Steps to getting started with undergraduate research can be found here . More information can be found on Ohio State's Undergraduate Research website.

Points to remember

• Undergraduate research is a serious commitment. Faculty members are often only interested in having students who can commit to at least two quarters of research.
• You need to set up your research project a quarter ahead of time. For example, if you want to start research in winter quarter, you need to get everything arranged in the fall quarter.
• While research is important to your education, so is doing well in your classwork. Therefore we recommend that you only consider undergraduate research if you have a grade point average of 3.0 or better.

Honors research

Seniors have the option to enroll in Microbiology 4998H, which involves a written thesis. To find out more about this program, contact the Undergraduate Honors Advisor .

Summer research experience

Exciting research opportunities are available at universities across the country for students to participate in summer research experience programs. More information on these programs can be found at: http://www.nsf.gov/home/crssprgm/reu/start.htm .

• How it works

Published by Robert Bruce at August 29th, 2023 , Revised On September 5, 2023

Biology Research Topics

Are you in need of captivating and achievable research topics within the field of biology? Your quest for the best biology topics ends right here as this article furnishes you with 100 distinctive and original concepts for biology research, laying the groundwork for your research endeavor.

Table of Contents

Our proficient researchers have thoughtfully curated these biology research themes, considering the substantial body of literature accessible and the prevailing gaps in research.

Should none of these topics elicit enthusiasm, our specialists are equally capable of proposing tailor-made research ideas in biology, finely tuned to cater to your requirements. 

Thus, without further delay, we present our compilation of biology research topics crafted to accommodate students and researchers.

Research Topics in Marine Biology

• Impact of climate change on coral reef ecosystems.
• Biodiversity and adaptation of deep-sea organisms.
• Effects of pollution on marine life and ecosystems.
• Role of marine protected areas in conserving biodiversity.
• Microplastics in marine environments: sources, impacts, and mitigation.

Biological Anthropology Research Topics

• Evolutionary implications of early human migration patterns.
• Genetic and environmental factors influencing human height variation.
• Cultural evolution and its impact on human societies.
• Paleoanthropological insights into human dietary adaptations.
• Genetic diversity and population history of indigenous communities.

Biological Psychology Research Topics 

• Neurobiological basis of addiction and its treatment.
• Impact of stress on brain structure and function.
• Genetic and environmental influences on mental health disorders.
• Neural mechanisms underlying emotions and emotional regulation.
• Role of the gut-brain axis in psychological well-being.

Cancer Biology Research Topics 

• Targeted therapies in precision cancer medicine.
• Tumor microenvironment and its influence on cancer progression.
• Epigenetic modifications in cancer development and therapy.
• Immune checkpoint inhibitors and their role in cancer immunotherapy.
• Early detection and diagnosis strategies for various types of cancer.

Also read: Cancer research topics

Cell Biology Research Topics

• Mechanisms of autophagy and its implications in health and disease.
• Intracellular transport and organelle dynamics in cell function.
• Role of cell signaling pathways in cellular response to external stimuli.
• Cell cycle regulation and its relevance to cancer development.
• Cellular mechanisms of apoptosis and programmed cell death.

Developmental Biology Research Topics 

• Genetic and molecular basis of limb development in vertebrates.
• Evolution of embryonic development and its impact on morphological diversity.
• Stem cell therapy and regenerative medicine approaches.
• Mechanisms of organogenesis and tissue regeneration in animals.
• Role of non-coding RNAs in developmental processes.

Also read: Education research topics

Human Biology Research Topics

• Genetic factors influencing susceptibility to infectious diseases.
• Human microbiome and its impact on health and disease.
• Genetic basis of rare and common human diseases.
• Genetic and environmental factors contributing to aging.
• Impact of lifestyle and diet on human health and longevity.

Molecular Biology Research Topics 

• CRISPR-Cas gene editing technology and its applications.
• Non-coding RNAs as regulators of gene expression.
• Role of epigenetics in gene regulation and disease.
• Mechanisms of DNA repair and genome stability.
• Molecular basis of cellular metabolism and energy production.

Research Topics in Biology for Undergraduates

• 41. Investigating the effects of pollutants on local plant species.
• Microbial diversity and ecosystem functioning in a specific habitat.
• Understanding the genetics of antibiotic resistance in bacteria.
• Impact of urbanization on bird populations and biodiversity.
• Investigating the role of pheromones in insect communication.

Synthetic Biology Research Topics 

• Design and construction of synthetic biological circuits.
• Synthetic biology applications in biofuel production.
• Ethical considerations in synthetic biology research and applications.
• Synthetic biology approaches to engineering novel enzymes.
• Creating synthetic organisms with modified functions and capabilities.

Animal Biology Research Topics 

• Evolution of mating behaviors in animal species.
• Genetic basis of color variation in butterfly wings.
• Impact of habitat fragmentation on amphibian populations.
• Behavior and communication in social insect colonies.
• Adaptations of marine mammals to aquatic environments.

Also read: Nursing research topics

Best Biology Research Topics 

• Unraveling the mysteries of circadian rhythms in organisms.
• Investigating the ecological significance of cryptic coloration.
• Evolution of venomous animals and their prey.
• The role of endosymbiosis in the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
• Exploring the potential of extremophiles in biotechnology.

Biological Psychology Research Paper Topics

• Neurobiological mechanisms underlying memory formation.
• Impact of sleep disorders on cognitive function and mental health.
• Biological basis of personality traits and behavior.
• Neural correlates of emotions and emotional disorders.
• Role of neuroplasticity in brain recovery after injury.

Biological Science Research Topics: 

• Role of gut microbiota in immune system development.
• Molecular mechanisms of gene regulation during development.
• Impact of climate change on insect population dynamics.
• Genetic basis of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s.
• Evolutionary relationships among vertebrate species based on DNA analysis.

Biology Education Research Topics 

• Effectiveness of inquiry-based learning in biology classrooms.
• Assessing the impact of virtual labs on student understanding of biology concepts.
• Gender disparities in science education and strategies for closing the gap.
• Role of outdoor education in enhancing students’ ecological awareness.
• Integrating technology in biology education: challenges and opportunities.

Biology-Related Research Topics

• The intersection of ecology and economics in conservation planning.
• Molecular basis of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria.
• Implications of genetic modification of crops for food security.
• Evolutionary perspectives on cooperation and altruism in animal behavior.
• Environmental impacts of genetically modified organisms (GMOs).

Biology Research Proposal Topics

• Investigating the role of microRNAs in cancer progression.
• Exploring the effects of pollution on aquatic biodiversity.
• Developing a gene therapy approach for a genetic disorder.
• Assessing the potential of natural compounds as anti-inflammatory agents.
• Studying the molecular basis of cellular senescence and aging.

Biology Research Topic Ideas

• Role of pheromones in insect mate selection and behavior.
• Investigating the molecular basis of neurodevelopmental disorders.
• Impact of climate change on plant-pollinator interactions.
• Genetic diversity and conservation of endangered species.
• Evolutionary patterns in mimicry and camouflage in organisms.

Biology Research Topics for Undergraduates 

• Effects of different fertilizers on plant growth and soil health.
• Investigating the biodiversity of a local freshwater ecosystem.
• Evolutionary origins of a specific animal adaptation.
• Genetic diversity and disease susceptibility in human populations.
• Role of specific genes in regulating the immune response.

Cell and Molecular Biology Research Topics 

• Molecular mechanisms of DNA replication and repair.
• Role of microRNAs in post-transcriptional gene regulation.
• Investigating the cell cycle and its control mechanisms.
• Molecular basis of mitochondrial diseases and therapies.
• Cellular responses to oxidative stress and their implications in ageing.

These topics cover a broad range of subjects within biology, offering plenty of options for research projects. Remember that you can further refine these topics based on your specific interests and research goals.

Frequently Asked Questions 

What are some good research topics in biology?

A good research topic in biology will address a specific problem in any of the several areas of biology, such as marine biology, molecular biology, cellular biology, animal biology, or cancer biology.

A topic that enables you to investigate a problem in any area of biology will help you make a meaningful contribution. 

How to choose a research topic in biology?

Choosing a research topic in biology is simple. 

Follow the steps:

• Generate potential topics. 
• Consider your areas of knowledge and personal passions. 
• Conduct a thorough review of existing literature.
•  Evaluate the practicality and viability. 
• Narrow down and refine your research query. 
• Remain receptive to new ideas and suggestions.

Who Are We?

For several years, Research Prospect has been offering students around the globe complimentary research topic suggestions. We aim to assist students in choosing a research topic that is both suitable and feasible for their project, leading to the attainment of their desired grades. Explore how our services, including research proposal writing , dissertation outline creation, and comprehensive thesis writing , can contribute to your college’s success.

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91 Microbiology Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

🏆 best microbiology topic ideas & essay examples, 🎓 interesting topics to write about microbiology, 📌 good essay topics on microbiology, ❓ microbiology research questions.

• Microbiology: Zygomycota, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota This leads to the growth of gametangia that results in the fusion of the cytoplasm. These Ascomycota are to be found in conidia, at the end of the hyphae.
• Environmental Microbiology Overview When managed properly in accordance with the five principles of good management, they provide a number of benefits that include: Detoxification of wastewater Capturing renewable resources such as energy and water Sensing pathogens in the […]
• Microbiology and Its Role in Healthcare Microbiology, as a broad scientific field, entails an array of concepts and issues that are of pivotal relevance to health care as a whole and the science of pathophysiology, in particular.
• Microbiological Studies, Applications, and Current Discoveries In addition, there have been studies at the level of genes and proteins known as molecular biology and at the level of community which is referred to as epidemiological and ecological microbiology.
• Microbiology: Influenza Viruses The virus uses the HA spikes on its envelope to attach to the sialic acid receptors on the epithelial cells. The HA spike proteins assist the virus in attaching to the lower respiratory tract epithelium.
• Microbiological Analysis: Lab Report This type of medium is standardly used to isolate Gram-negative bacteria, with a source of nutrients in the form of carbon and nitrogen from the casein hydrolysate that is part of the C-CNA.
• A Lab Report for Microbiology Class The main advantage of this microbiological method is the different concentrations of nutrients and oxygen at different levels of the depth of the beaker: this allows bacteria with different aerotolerant needs to grow.
• Microbiology: Aspects of E Coli E Coli is a common type of bacteria that is found in the intestines of human beings and the gut of several animals.
• Unknown Bacteria Under Microbiology Lab Tests The mixture of water and medium was then poured into the petri dish and swirled to completely cover the surface. The colour of the colony was then observed.
• Microbiological Identification: BIOLOG System Application The microplate indicated a good match with the organism an ID appeared in the bar area, which is green in color, at the middle of the screen which is at the pinnacle of the results […]
• Medical Microbiology and Immunology: Vibrio Cholera Polymorphism in the LPLUNC1 gene, which is associated with increased susceptibility to cholera, increases the risk of infection. Vibrio cholera in the intestines is excreted with each diarrhea to the environment, hence rapidly spreading to […]
• Microbiological View of HIV Epidemic and Possibility of Discovering Its Cure The glycoprotein facilitates attachment and fusion of the virus to human cell membrane. In Golgi complex it is cleaved by protease and proceased in to human immunodeficiency virus and released.
• Microbiologic Exposure The transmission of disease requires the interaction of the environment, an agent, and the host of the disease. The following essay highlights some of the infections that may be acquired from an individual coughing in […]
• Microbiology. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome At the onset of the disease outbreak, the immediate number of death cases amounted to 774. The most notable spread of the disease is through the air.
• Microbiological Examination for Specific Food Borne Pathogens The count for S.aureus using the spread plate method was 1. It was positive in the S.aureus and negative in S.epidermidis.
• Louis Pasteur: an Outstandimg Chemist and Microbiologist There was also a need from the people for the increase in the periods of storage of food. One of the greatest objectives of Louis was to craft France to be the most successful state […]
• Microbiology: Organometallic Chemistry Since the transfer takes place in a reaction there is always emission of energy. It is the main distinction in genome.
• Microbial Groups and Golden Age of Microbiology From all groups of microscopic organisms, representatives of the bacterial and archaean world do not have a nucleus, for this reason, bacteria and archaea are considered prokaryotic cells.
• Introduction to Microbiology: Escherichia Coli This type of E.coli is included in a class of dangerous E.coli, called enterohemorrhagic.E.coli O157:H7 was discovered in 1982, during a severe outbreak of bloody diarrhea, associated with the consumption of contaminated hamburgers. The hemolytic […]
• Microbiology. Parasitic Worm Trichuris Trichiura It is thought to be carried by nearly one-quarter of the world’s population, with a prominent presence in tropical Asia followed by Africa and South America.
• Microbiology. AIDS Vaccine Studies: Different Developments Strategy So far there is no practical hope that ongoing AIDS vaccine development will produce tangible results, According to one of the leading AIDS vaccine expert Mr. Clinical trials will have to continue as they will […]
• Hibiscus Macaroon: Chemical and Microbiological Analysis The method of evaporation and drying was used in assessing the moisture content of food. 755g in every 100g of the food sample.
• Soil Microbiology Consultancy as to Eveleigh Hills The purpose of this report is to analyse and evaluate the biological properties of Eveleigh Hills soil for use in land cultivation.
• Medical Microbiology Interests This is in regard to the nature of cancer cells in the sense that some develop as a result of genetic mutations.
• Microbiologist as a Career in Bioscience Moreover, I believe that in this way I can help people by making discoveries that can be used in medicine, agriculture, food production. This experience can help me in the future especially when I will […]
• Nasal Carriage of Staphylococcus Aureus in Microbiology Students The escalation in the prevalence and gravity of staphylococcal contagions necessitates assessing the burden of asymptomatic carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in the community setting.
• Microbiology and Its Significance to Food Safety
• The Link Between Soil Microbiology and Microbial Growth
• Current and Future Implications of Industrial Microbiology
• Disinfectants Used Within Microbiology Laboratory
• Environmental Microbiology: Positive and Negative Effects of Algae Utilization
• The Common Denominator Between Microplastics and Microbiology
• Extracellular Chromatin Traps Interconnect Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Immunology
• Fanny and Hesse Early Contributors to Microbiology
• History and Concerns Related to Applied Microbiology
• How Microbiology Helps Define the Rhizome of Life
• Louis Pasteur: The Father of Microbiology
• The Link Between Medical Microbiology and Immunology
• Microbial Risk Assessment: Application of Predictive Microbiology in the Food Industry
• Microbiology: Allergy and Common Skin Reactions
• The Link Between Microbiology, Enzymology, and Catalytic Metabolism
• Importance of Microbiology for Environmental Engineering
• Microbiology: Microorganisms That Co-exist With Life on Earth
• Milk Products: Clinical Microbiology Procedures
• Penicillin and Its Impact on Microbiology
• The Relations Between Personal Hygiene and Susceptibility Microbiology
• Stripping Away the Soil: Plant Growth Promoting Microbiology Opportunities in Aquaponics
• Technological Microbiology: Development and Applications
• The Early Life and Times of Microbiology Pioneer, Salvador Luria
• Potential Risks of the Antimicrobial Agents on Human and Animal Health
• The Reaction of Immune System on Parasites and Bacteria
• Bioterrorism – Bioweapons Limit With Technological Developments
• The Future of Microbiology Research, Both Theoretically and Technologically
• The Link Between Climate Change and the Spread of Zika Virus
• Characterization of a Lactobacillus Brevis Strain With Potential Oral
• Microbiology: Issues of Bioterrorism and Biowarfare
• Microbiology Role in Addressing Antibiotic Resistance
• Culturing a Micro-Organism Using Aseptic Technique
• Antimicrobial Activity of Foods with Different Physio-Chemical Characteristics
• Microbiology of Salted Fishery Product
• Image Interpretation in the Era of Super-Resolution Microscopy
• Louis Pasteur and the Importance of Microbiology
• Restriction-Modification Cellular Microbiology
• Applied Microbiology – Biofuels Generation Using Microorganisms
• Microscope Invention and Its Effect on Microbiology Knowledge
• Microbiology Role in Food Industries and Pharmaceutical
• What Is the Study of Microbiology?
• What Is Microbiology Used For?
• Is Microbiology Good Career?
• How Difficult Is Microbiology?
• Where Can a Microbiology Work?
• Why Do People Choose Microbiology?
• Is Microbiology Stressful Job?
• Is Microbiology Equivalent to Zoology?
• What Is Bacteriology Microbiology?
• Is Microbiology Better Than Nursing?
• Is Microbiology High Paying?
• What Are the Main Topics of Microbiology?
• Who Is the Main Father of Microbiology?
• What Are Microbiology Branches?
• What Is the Purpose of Microbiology?
• What Is Pure Microbiology?
• What Are the Major Events in the Early History of Microbiology?
• What Is the Definition of Microbiology?
• How Do the Study of Public Health Microbiology and Medical Microbiology Differ?
• Which Field of Microbiology Is Best?
• What Is the Highest Paying Job in Microbiology?
• What Are the Subjects in Microbiology?
• Which Is Better Pharmacy or Microbiology?
• What Is the Most Important Thing in Microbiology?
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Manandmicrobes

33 Microbiology Project Topics: You haven’t thought of

Microbiology, the study of microorganisms, plays a vital role in various fields, including medicine, environmental science, and biotechnology. 

Engaging in a microbiology project allows students and researchers to delve deeper into the intricate world of microorganisms while contributing to scientific knowledge. 

Selecting an appropriate and compelling topic for a microbiology project is essential to ensure relevance, interest, and academic growth. 

Choosing Microbiology Project Topics 

When choosing a microbiology project topic, it is crucial to consider several factors. 

Firstly, researching current trends and advancements in microbiology helps identify emerging areas of interest. 

This ensures that the chosen topic aligns with the latest developments in the field. Additionally, reflecting on personal interests and career goals can lead to a topic that sparks enthusiasm and motivation throughout the project. 

Seeking guidance from professors, experts, or mentors in the field can provide valuable insights and suggestions for selecting a suitable topic. 

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Sample Microbiology Project Topics 

These are sample microbiology project topics for BSc students, it doubles as an MSc microbiology project topics list, and even includes the latest research topics in microbiology.

1. Investigating the effects of antimicrobial agents on bacterial growth: 

This project focuses on exploring the impact of different antimicrobial agents, such as antibiotics or disinfectants, on the growth and survival of specific bacterial strains. 

2. Studying the role of probiotics in gut microbiota composition

This project aims to understand how probiotics, beneficial microorganisms, influence the diversity and balance of the gut microbiota and their potential health benefits. 

3. Analyzing the impact of environmental factors on microbial diversity

This project explores how various environmental factors, such as temperature, pH, or pollution, affect the composition and diversity of microbial communities in specific ecosystems. 

4. Investigating the role of gut microbiota in human health and disease. 

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5. Exploring the potential of bacteriophages as alternative antimicrobial agents. 

6. Studying the antibiotic resistance mechanisms in bacteria. 

7. Investigating the effects of environmental pollutants on microbial communities. 

8. Analyzing the microbiome of different habitats, such as soil, water, or air. 

9. Investigating the role of biofilms in microbial pathogenicity. 

10. Studying the interactions between the host immune system and pathogenic microorganisms. 

11. Exploring the use of probiotics for the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. 

12. Investigating the potential of microbial enzymes in industrial applications. 

13. Studying the microbial diversity and ecology of extreme environments, such as hot springs or deep-sea vents. 

14. Analyzing the impact of microbial infections on crop yield and agricultural productivity. 

15. Investigating the role of microorganisms in bioremediation of environmental pollutants. 

16. Studying the microbiology of foodborne illnesses and developing strategies for their prevention. 

17. Exploring the microbial production of biofuels and bioplastics. 

18. Investigating the role of microorganisms in the degradation of pollutants in wastewater treatment plants. 

19. Studying the microbial ecology of coral reefs and their role in reef health. 

20. Analyzing the microbial communities associated with different animal species. 

21. Investigating the antimicrobial properties of plant extracts and essential oils. 

22. Studying the microbial diversity and metabolic activity in natural and constructed wetlands. 

23. Analyzing the microbial composition and potential health benefits of fermented foods. 

24. Investigating the role of microorganisms in the production of antibiotics and other bioactive compounds. 

25. Studying the interactions between microorganisms and human skin microbiota. 

26. Analyzing the impact of climate change on microbial communities in polar regions. 

27. Investigating the role of microorganisms in the degradation of plastics and other pollutants in marine environments. 

28. Studying the microbial communities in the human respiratory tract and their association with respiratory diseases. 

29. Exploring the use of microbial biosensors for environmental monitoring and detection of contaminants. 

30. Investigating the role of microorganisms in the nitrogen cycle and nutrient cycling in ecosystems. 

31. Studying the microbial ecology of hydrothermal vents and their role in the deep-sea ecosystem. 

32. Analyzing the microbial communities involved in the fermentation of alcoholic beverages. 

33. Investigating the impact of antimicrobial use in veterinary medicine on the development of antibiotic resistance. 

Remember, when choosing a topic, consider your interests, available resources, and the potential for contributing to existing scientific knowledge in the field of microbiology.

Conducting a Literature Review 

Before diving into the project, conducting a comprehensive literature review is crucial. 

Exploring scientific journals, research databases , and reputable online sources allows researchers to gain a solid understanding of existing knowledge and gaps in the chosen topic. 

Analyzing previous studies and findings provides a foundation for formulating a research question and hypothesis . 

Developing a Research Question and Hypothesis 

A well-defined research question is essential for any microbiology project. It should be clear, specific, and aligned with the objectives of the study. 

Based on the existing knowledge gathered from the literature review, researchers can formulate a testable hypothesis, which serves as a tentative explanation for the expected outcome of the experiment. 

Designing and Planning the Experiment 

Once the research question and hypothesis are established, designing and planning the experiment becomes the next crucial step. 

Researchers need to identify appropriate research methodologies, techniques, and materials necessary to carry out the study. Creating a detailed experimental protocol and timeline ensures a systematic and organized approach to the project. 

Gathering and Analyzing Data 

With the experimental plan in place, researchers proceed with gathering data by following the designed protocol. This may involve collecting samples, performing laboratory experiments, or utilizing specialized equipment. Accurate and detailed record-keeping is essential for subsequent data analysis. 

Interpreting and Discussing Results 

After data collection, researchers analyze the gathered information to draw meaningful conclusions.

Statistical analysis and data visualization techniques aid in interpreting the results.

Findings are then compared with existing literature, and any discrepancies or novel discoveries are discussed, providing insights into the significance of the research. 

Presenting the Research 

The final phase of the microbiology project involves presenting the research findings. This can be in the form of a comprehensive research report or an oral presentation.

Creating engaging visual aids, such as charts, graphs, or diagrams, helps convey information effectively and enhances audience understanding. 

Embarking on a microbiology project provides a unique opportunity to explore the captivating realm of microorganisms.

By selecting a relevant and engaging topic, conducting a thorough literature review, designing and executing experiments, and analyzing the results, researchers can contribute to scientific knowledge and develop valuable skills in the field of microbiology. 

FAQ Section 

Can i choose a microbiology project topic from a different subfield of microbiology than my academic specialization .

Yes, you can explore topics from different subfields of microbiology as long as you have access to relevant resources and guidance from mentors familiar with the chosen topic. 

Are there any specific safety precautions to consider when conducting a microbiology project? 

Yes, safety precautions are essential when working with microorganisms. It is important to follow proper laboratory protocols, wear appropriate protective gear, and handle potentially harmful microorganisms with caution. 

How long does a typical microbiology project take to complete? 

The duration of a microbiology project can vary depending on its complexity, scope, and available resources. Some projects may be completed within a few months, while others may extend over several semesters. 

Can I collaborate with other researchers or students on my microbiology project? 

Collaboration is encouraged in scientific research. Working with other researchers or students can bring diverse perspectives, shared resources, and enhanced learning opportunities to the project. 

Are there opportunities to present my microbiology project at conferences or publish it in scientific journals? 

Yes, there are opportunities to present research findings at conferences or submit manuscripts to scientific journals. Consult with your mentors or professors to explore suitable avenues for sharing your work with the scientific community. 

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Last Updated on June 2, 2023 by Our Editorial Team

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