how to write a room 101 speech

Room 101 lesson plan

Step 1 Introduction

Start the lesson by introducing three things which you personally find annoying and write them on the board. It might be anything, I usually put the following on the board:

• alarm clocks
• noisy neighbours

Once I show this list to my students, I ask them to figure out what all these things have in common (they drive me up the wall). Then, I introduce the concept of the Room 101, a place where we can condemn whatever we find annoying.

Step 2 Listening

The video  students are supposed to watch is a short segment from a BBC TV show, Room 101 , where famous guests present their pet hates. The celebrity guest in the video is Roisin Conaty, a comedian.

Distribute the worksheets and ask your students to answer 4 questions while watching the video. Play it twice, as it is quite short.

Step 3 Vocabulary

Ask your students whether they find selfies equally unnerving. Try to elicit from them other ways in which they can say they find something annoying ( I hate …, I can’t stand …, I dislike…, I think … is extremely annoying/ irritating ) and see whether some of the expressions from the handout come up during this brainstorming session.

Move on to the vocabulary exercise from the worksheet. Ask your students to work in pairs / individually to match halves of expressions about anger. Check the answers and move on to the gap filling exercise. Tell your students that sometimes there is more than one correct option to be put in the gap.

Review the expressions by asking questions:

Maria, is there anything that drives you up the wall?

Ana, do you have a short fuse? When?

When was the last time something or somebody wound you up?

Would you fly off the handle if …?

Step 4 Speaking practice

Tell your students it is their turn to consign whatever makes their blood boil to Room 101. Ask them to work in pairs/ small groups and fill in four squares on their worksheets. Remind them they should also come up with a justification for each of their pet hates and make it powerful enough to persuade their partner to agree with them.

Depending on the class size, you might check the answers with the whole group or have a pyramid discussion: ask 2 pairs to discuss their answers together in a group of 4 to see whether they share some dislikes, and then reveal their answers to the class.

While your students are sharing their choices, write several on the board, and then hold a vote to see which four should be consigned to oblivion in Room 101 forever. Encourage your students to use the expressions they learned earlier to express their opinions / ask them to repeat the sentence using a given expression.

Step 5 Follow-up

A possible follow-up involves asking your students to write a short essay at home (140-160 words) answering the question:

Why would the world be a better place if ………….. were put in Room 101

If you are looking for more engaging lesson plans for your FCE and CAE students check out this class about TV series and this one about advertising .

Personal Experience

Room 101 lesson plan creates  a good opportunity for students to practice persuasion, agreeing, and disagreeing; skills which are necessary to pass the speaking part of FCE and CAE exams. My students have found this class really engaging and fun, and an unusual opportunity to vent about whatever they find annoying. The best part of this lesson is that it does not leave anybody indifferent, as people generally tend to have some pet hates. Even if some students can’t think of anything that really annoys them, they can at least agree / disagree with their classmates’ ideas and participate in the discussion.

I was just making notes on creating a room 101 lesson plan when I thought I’d just do a Google search. I came across your lesson plan. You beat me to it. I’m just over 2 years too late. Great plan, nice and easy to follow.

Great Luke, glad I could help. Hope the class goes well. Thank you for your comment!

OMG Gosia, I just started a new job teaching very small groups of adults at a consulting company and your page is a goldmine. Thank you so much for sharing all of these fab lessons you have put together. I am sure my students will get a lot out of them! Jankuye bardzo, slonecko!

Hi Emily, that’s wonderful to hear! I hope both you and your students enjoy the lessons. Nie ma za co 🙂

I was going to come up with a lesson plan around room 101 – you have smashed it out of the park! Thanks so much.

Yay! So glad you liked it.

Just what I was looking for! Great lesson plan, thanks!

I loved the idea and the lesson plan. A million thanks

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Lesson Plans Digger

Room 101 Lesson Plan

Kerry has been a teacher and an administrator for more than twenty years. She has a Master of Education degree.

Table of Contents

Learning objectives, curriculum standards, lesson instructions, related lessons.

After this lesson students will be able to:

• identify the significance of Room 101.
• describe the format of a persuasive speech.
• write and deliver a Room 101-type speech.

To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. Create your account

This lesson will take approximately 45-90 minutes.

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.3

Evaluate a speaker's point of view, reasoning, and use of evidence and rhetoric, identifying any fallacious reasoning or exaggerated or distorted evidence.

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.4

Present information, findings, and supporting evidence clearly, concisely, and logically such that listeners can follow the line of reasoning and the organization, development, substance, and style are appropriate to purpose, audience, and task.

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.5

Make strategic use of digital media (e.g., textual, graphical, audio, visual, and interactive elements) in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Materials needed: chart paper, markers, computer/internet, video clip of Room 101 TV show

Ask students to name some of George Orwell's literary works ( Animal Farm , 1984 ). See if anyone remembers Room 101 in 1984 , and ask them to describe the room and its use. Tell students they'll watch a short video giving more details about this room.

Play Room 101 in 1984 . Ask students what other types of things could be found in Room 101. Explain that the idea of putting something in Room 101 was developed into a tv show on the BBC in which three celebrities compete by persuading the host to agree with them about something that needs to be banished. Play a clip from the show for students.

Brainstorming

Divide students into small groups. Provide each group with a sheet of chart paper and markers.

Have students brainstorm a list of things they hate so much that they wish they could banish them to Room 101. Provide an opportunity for groups to share their lists with the class.

Explain that in this lesson, students will try to persuade others that something should be banished to Room 101.

Ask students what it means to persuade.

Have students turn and talk with a partner about a time they persuaded someone else to do something. Then, have partners discuss a time that someone else persuaded them to do something. What methods were used in each scenario?

Have students choose one item to banish as the topic for their speech.

Speech Writing

Have students create a graphic organizer by folding a sheet of paper into thirds and labeling the sections: Opening, Body, Closing.

Encourage students to begin with the Body. In this section, have students identify three main points to justify their reason for wanting their item banished. Students should clarify each of these points with research, examples, quotes, and anecdotes.

Then, have students work on the Opening section. Students will select a hook that encourages others to join them in their disdain for the chosen item. Students will identify the item they want banished to Room 101 and introduce the main points that are further developed in the Body.

Finally, students will fill out the Closing section of their organizer. Students will provide closure by restating what they want banished and the reasons why.

Have students write a draft of their speech using the graphic organizer as a guide.

Have students meet with their small groups. Students will take turns reading their speech to the group. The audience will identify fact and opinion statements from the speech and suggest persuasive word choices to strengthen the argument, such as 'magnificent', 'dreadful', 'inferior', and 'outrageous'.

Have students revise and memorize their speeches, select props for emphasis, and create videos of their final speech to show to the class.

What are the Three Types of Persuasive Speeches?

Persuasive Speaking: Purpose and Types

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Resources you can trust

Students discuss which of their most hated items should be dispatched to the abyss of Room 101, made infamous by the novel Nineteen Eighty-Four . The concept is inspired by a television show. The resource includes a fascinating historical note about the origin of the name 'Room 101'.

An extract from the resource:

• Think of three to five things that really annoy you and ought to be banished to Room 101.
• No racial, sexual, prejudicial or insulting items can be considered for Room 101.
• No students or teachers are allowed to be put into Room 101.
• When you have made your choice, in pairs tell each other what you are planning to put into Room 101. Check your ideas are original and interesting – designating homework to Room 101, for example, isn’t particularly interesting or thought-provoking.

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Key stage three

Room 101 persuasive speaking

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Watch clips of Room 101 then students write their own speech

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December 15, 2020.

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Chandler's Ford Today

101 Things to Put into Room 101 – Part 7 – The Final Leg

May 25, 2018 By Allison Symes 7 Comments

When I was preparing this series, I did wonder how I would split it since 101 is a prime number. There was no way I was writing 101 articles of 1 item each or 1 item of 101 ideas! I eventually concluded that it would be best to have a series of 15 items and finish with the final 10. Many thanks to everyone who has commented on the series. It has been fun to write and a chance to share some of life’s exasperations. If the series producers of Grumpy Old Women happen to be reading this, I think I could make myself available!

91. Losing the end of the sellotape

Is there anyone out there not irritated by this? Some rolls do have a “tab” you can use to try to avoid this but I have found that doesn’t always work either. (It’s too easy to lose the “tab” and by the time you have found it, you have lost the end of the tape you were trying to keep in place so you could add the tab to it! Arrghh!).

92. Hospital layouts

Who designs these? I’ve not found one that makes any kind of sense. It was always an oddity to me that when I needed to take my now sadly late father to his heart clinic appointments, guess where the heart clinic was? Yes, that’s right. Right at the furthest end of the hospital from whichever end you came in. Note: There is always more than one end and you always pick the wrong one, at least to start with. I think Murphy’s Law has a special category for hospitals.

93. Self-seal envelopes that don’t!

Or don’t seal well enough, to my mind, to get through the rigours of the Post Office sorting system. Got to be robust enough for the job! So beware the cheap envelopes. I think there is a certain amount of getting what you pay for here.

94. Hayfever

For all my fellow sufferers. Flowers are wonderful. Right now, my lilac is in flower and I am loving both its colour (purple, I also have a white one) and its scent. I also love the smell of freshly cut grass. Sadly these things do not love my nose. In a bad year with high pollen counts, with what seems like continual sneezing, you can end up having a bit of a jaundiced view on a “nice” bunch of flowers! I don’t understand the “point” of hayfever. What good is it to man or beast? Into Room 101 it goes… ah if only!

95. Over-inflated prices for decaffinated coffee, gluten-free items etc.

Why is it when you take something out of a product the price shoots up? Coffee is notorious for this but so are the gluten free products. People really can’t help being intolerant to gluten, caffeine etc, so it seems to me to be hitting below the belt to thump these poor souls with a hefty increase to their shopping bills as well for the “privilege” of having something that won’t set various conditions off etc.

96. Hospital Car Parking Charges

This one, I admit, should have been much higher up the list. Part of the reason it wasn’t is I know I’ve got an ambivalent attitude here. If I knew the hospitals themselves could and did benefit from said charges, I would have some sympathy for them being levied – extra money going into the NHS and all that. My understanding is that the money raised goes to the parking companies. Hmm…

97. Remakes of Classic Films That Did Not Need Remaking – and all responsible for these

I refuse to watch the remake of The Italian Job. You simply cannot beat the legendary story with Michael Caine (and Noel Coward is a joy to watch in this too). The “remake” to me tells me someone is lacking original ideas and is looking to get bums on seats pronto. Well, I can tell you there was one bottom that didn’t join in with this happy scene – mine. I have got an allergy and here I’m not thinking of the hayfever. I really take a great dislike to being ripped off! Where are the original stories and films to come from them?

98. Loan Company Adverts – indeed loan companies…

You know the ones – the kind that say their APR is “only” 448%! Not a typo, I can assure you, I only wish it was. Would love to see the adverts banned and the companies themselves much better regulated. There should be a maximum interest rate fixed and I wish lending criteria was stronger. Too many people get themselves into issues due to taking out quick and easy loans that are far too quick and easy.

99. All calories in the 99 icecream!

Loved this seaside treat as a kid, still love a “proper” 99. Just wish the calorific value would somehow disappear so I could enjoy this more often…

100. Public Loos as they currently are

I do my level best to avoid using these things if I can help it. Most are dark, dingy and not cleaned often enough. A good public loo is the exact opposite. People moan about the 30 pence charge to use the loos at Waterloo, King’s Cross etc, but the toilets are kept in good order (so I consider it money well spent). Is this just a case that people don’t care enough about this sort of thing? I have been known to go to a cafe to have a cup of tea so I don’t feel guilty about using their loos! (Okay this is no hardship, the cup of tea is something I would’ve had most of the time anyway, but it has been the fact I’ve been trying to avoid using a public loo that has driven this).

And finally….

101. Fake Sincerity

I’d far rather people didn’t bother with this. I don’t need some salesman (and it usually is them) trying to make small talk when I know, and they know, all they want to do is sell me something. (99% of the time it is a “no” from me!). The other times this kind of thing irritates me is when someone apologises, usually for bad service, and you know full well they’re only apologising because they’ve been told to do so, having been sent on some “management” course. What is needed, of course, is real sincerity, good service and genuine apologies when needed, but then I’m old-fashioned like that!

Many thanks to all who have commented on this series. It has been great fun to write! And I feel so much better for it!

Related posts:

101 Things to Put into Room 101

Part 2: 101 Things to put into Room 101

Part 3 – 101 Things to Put into Room 101

Part 4 – 101 Things to Put into Room 101

Part 5 – 101 Things to Put into Room 101

101 Things to Put into Room 101 – Part 6

Read interviews with Chandler’s Ford writer Allison Symes: Part 1 and Part 2 .

Read blog posts by Allison Symes published on Chandler’s Ford Today.

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About Allison Symes

I'm a published flash fiction and short story writer, as well as a blogger. My fiction work has appeared in anthologies from Cafelit and Bridge House Publishing.

My first flash fiction collection, From Light to Dark and Back Again, was published by Chapeltown Books in 2017.

My follow-up, Tripping the Flash Fantastic, was published by Chapeltown Books in 2020.

I adore the works of many authors but my favourites are Jane Austen, P.G. Wodehouse and Terry Pratchett.

I like to describe my fiction as fairytales with bite.

I also write for Writers' Narrative magazine and am one of their editors. I am a freelance editor separately and have had many short stories published online and in anthologies.

Reader Interactions

May 25, 2018 at 10:47 am

I agree with all these Allison. If you can fake sincerity you will go far. How I dislike those people who say, ‘I’ll be honest with you.’ It suggests that their default state is to lie and maybe the statement about being honest is a lie. Wilkins Micawber was right about debt – “Annual income twenty pounds, annual expenditure nineteen nineteen and six, result happiness. Annual income twenty pounds, annual expenditure twenty pounds ought and six, result misery.”

May 25, 2018 at 11:18 am

Many thanks, Mike. Agree with you over “I’ll be honest” – it does sound as if usually they’re anything but. Given I’ve often heard that phrase from salesmen, it’s added reason to distrust anyone coming out with it!

May 27, 2018 at 4:46 pm

Recently it was taking me so long to find the end of the sellotape that I seriously considered throwing the whole roll away and starting a new one. Tape dispensers are a boon for that problem!

And I agree about the remake of The Italian Job. Why? I’m not even sure the “remake” had much in common with the original, except the title. If it doesn’t have “you’re only supposed to blow the bloody doors off”, I’m not interested.

May 27, 2018 at 4:58 pm

Many thanks, Chippy. I agree about the “bloody doors”. One great thing on that is it has been a great way to impersonate Michael Caine for years!

May 28, 2018 at 10:48 am

I’ve enjoyed this series Allison. Agree over fake sincerity, it is actually insulting. Putting my ethicist hat on I would refer to genuine virtues like sincerity, bravery altruism, etc. as a rebuttal of theories that morality is reducible to biological or neurological functions, as they lose the ability to distinguish between genuine moral actions and crude imitations.

May 28, 2018 at 11:57 am

Many thanks, David. One of the best “send-ups” of fake sincerity is through Gilderoy Lockhart, the creation of J.K. Rowling in the Harry Potter series. Played on screen by Branagh, I thought it a wonderful send up of “luvviedom” too.

[…] CFT post this week is the final installment of my 101 Things to Put into Room 101 series. Good fun to write and therapeutic too! Amongst tonight’s items are debt, fake […]

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How to write a good speech in 7 steps

By:  Susan Dugdale  

- an easily followed format for writing a great speech

Did you know writing a speech doesn't have be an anxious, nail biting experience?

Unsure? Don't be.

You may have lived with the idea you were never good with words for a long time. Or perhaps giving speeches at school brought you out in cold sweats.

However learning how to write a speech is relatively straight forward when you learn to write out loud.

And that's the journey I am offering to take you on: step by step.

To learn quickly, go slow

Take all the time you need. This speech format has 7 steps, each building on the next.

Walk, rather than run, your way through all of them. Don't be tempted to rush. Familiarize yourself with the ideas. Try them out.

I know there are well-advertised short cuts and promises of 'write a speech in 5 minutes'. However in reality they only truly work for somebody who already has the basic foundations of speech writing in place.

The foundation of good speech writing 

These steps are the backbone of sound speech preparation. Learn and follow them well at the outset and yes, given more experience and practice you could probably flick something together quickly. Like any skill, the more it's used, the easier it gets.

In the meantime...

Step 1: Begin with a speech overview or outline

Are you in a hurry? Without time to read a whole page? Grab ... The Quick How to Write a Speech Checklist And come back to get the details later.

• WHO you are writing your speech for (your target audience)
• WHY you are preparing this speech. What's the main purpose of your speech? Is it to inform or tell your audience about something? To teach them a new skill or demonstrate something? To persuade or to entertain? (See 4 types of speeches: informative, demonstrative, persuasive and special occasion or entertaining for more.) What do you want them to think, feel or do as a result of listening the speech?
• WHAT your speech is going to be about (its topic) - You'll want to have thought through your main points and have ranked them in order of importance. And have sorted the supporting research you need to make those points effectively.
• HOW much time you have for your speech eg. 3 minutes, 5 minutes... The amount of time you've been allocated dictates how much content you need. If you're unsure check this page: how many words per minute in a speech: a quick reference guide . You'll find estimates of the number of words required for 1 - 10 minute speeches by slow, medium and fast talkers.

Use an outline

The best way to make sure you deliver a perfect speech is to start by carefully completing a speech outline covering the essentials: WHO, WHY, WHAT and HOW.

Beginning to write without thinking your speech through is a bit like heading off on a journey not knowing why you're traveling or where you're going to end up. You can find yourself lost in a deep, dark, murky muddle of ideas very quickly!

Pulling together a speech overview or outline is a much safer option. It's the map you'll follow to get where you want to go.

Get a blank speech outline template to complete

Click the link to find out a whole lot more about preparing a speech outline . ☺ You'll also find a free printable blank speech outline template.  I recommend using it!

Understanding speech construction

Before you begin to write, using your completed outline as a guide, let's briefly look at what you're aiming to prepare.

• an opening or introduction
• the body where the bulk of the information is given
• and an ending (or summary).

Imagine your speech as a sandwich

If you think of a speech as a sandwich you'll get the idea.

The opening and ending are the slices of bread holding the filling (the major points or the body of your speech) together.

You can build yourself a simple sandwich with one filling (one big idea) or you could go gourmet and add up to three or, even five. The choice is yours.

But whatever you choose to serve, as a good cook, you need to consider who is going to eat it! And that's your audience.

So let's find out who they are before we do anything else. 

Step 2: Know who you are talking to

Understanding your audience.

Did you know a  good speech is never written from the speaker's point of view?  ( If you need to know more about why check out this page on  building rapport .)

Begin with the most important idea/point on your outline.

Consider HOW you can explain (show, tell) that to your audience in the most effective way for them to easily understand it.   

Writing from the audience's point of view

To help you write from an audience point of view, it's a good idea to identify either a real person or the type of person who is most likely to be listening to you.

Make sure you select someone who represents the "majority" of the people who will be in your audience. That is they are neither struggling to comprehend you at the bottom of your scale or light-years ahead at the top.

Now imagine they are sitting next to you eagerly waiting to hear what you're going to say. Give them a name, for example, Joe, to help make them real.

Ask yourself

• How do I need to tailor my information to meet Joe's needs? For example, do you tell personal stories to illustrate your main points? Absolutely! Yes. This is a very powerful technique. (Click storytelling in speeches to find out more.)
• What type or level of language is right for Joe as well as my topic? For example if I use jargon (activity, industry or profession specific vocabulary) will it be understood?

Step 3: Writing as you speak

Writing oral language.

Write down what you want to say about your first main point as if you were talking directly to Joe.

If it helps, say it all out loud before you write it down and/or record it.

Use the information below as a guide

(Click to download The Characteristics of Spoken Language  as a pdf.) 

You do not have to write absolutely everything you're going to say down * but you do need to write down, or outline, the sequence of ideas to ensure they are logical and easily followed.

Remember too, to explain or illustrate your point with examples from your research. 

( * Tip: If this is your first speech the safety net of having everything written down could be just what you need. It's easier to recover from a patch of jitters when you have a word by word manuscript than if you have either none, or a bare outline. Your call!)

Step 4: Checking tone and language

The focus of this step is re-working what you've done in Step 2 and 3.

You identified who you were talking to (Step 2) and in Step 3, wrote up your first main point.  Is it right? Have you made yourself clear?  Check it.

How well you complete this step depends on how well you understand the needs of the people who are going to listen to your speech.

Please do not assume because you know what you're talking about the person (Joe) you've chosen to represent your audience will too. Joe is not a mind-reader!

How to check what you've prepared

• Check the "tone" of your language . Is it right for the occasion, subject matter and your audience?
• Check the length of your sentences. You need short sentences. If they're too long or complicated you risk losing your listeners.

Check for jargon too. These are industry, activity or group exclusive words.

For instance take the phrase: authentic learning . This comes from teaching and refers to connecting lessons to the daily life of students. Authentic learning is learning that is relevant and meaningful for students. If you're not a teacher you may not understand the phrase.

The use of any vocabulary requiring insider knowledge needs to be thought through from the audience perspective. Jargon can close people out.

• Read what you've written out loud. If it flows naturally, in a logical manner, continue the process with your next main idea. If it doesn't, rework.

We use whole sentences and part ones, and we mix them up with asides or appeals e.g. "Did you get that? Of course you did. Right...Let's move it along. I was saying ..."

Click for more about the differences between spoken and written language .

And now repeat the process

Repeat this process for the remainder of your main ideas.

Because you've done the first one carefully, the rest should follow fairly easily.

Step 5: Use transitions

Providing links or transitions between main ideas.

Between each of your main ideas you need to provide a bridge or pathway for your audience. The clearer the pathway or bridge, the easier it is for them to make the transition from one idea to the next.

If your speech contains more than three main ideas and each is building on the last, then consider using a "catch-up" or summary as part of your transitions.

Is your speech being evaluated? Find out exactly what aspects you're being assessed on using this standard speech evaluation form

Link/transition examples

A link can be as simple as:

"We've explored one scenario for the ending of Block Buster 111, but let's consider another. This time..."

What follows this transition is the introduction of Main Idea Two.

Here's a summarizing link/transition example:

"We've ended Blockbuster 111 four ways so far. In the first, everybody died. In the second, everybody died BUT their ghosts remained to haunt the area. In the third, one villain died. His partner reformed and after a fight-out with the hero, they both strode off into the sunset, friends forever. In the fourth, the hero dies in a major battle but is reborn sometime in the future.

And now what about one more? What if nobody died? The fifth possibility..."

Go back through your main ideas checking the links. Remember Joe as you go. Try each transition or link out loud and really listen to yourself. Is it obvious? Easily followed?

Keep them if they are clear and concise.

For more about transitions (with examples) see Andrew Dlugan's excellent article, Speech Transitions: Magical words and Phrases .

Step 6: The end of your speech

The ideal ending is highly memorable . You want it to live on in the minds of your listeners long after your speech is finished. Often it combines a call to action with a summary of major points.

Example speech endings

Example 1: The desired outcome of a speech persuading people to vote for you in an upcoming election is that they get out there on voting day and do so. You can help that outcome along by calling them to register their support by signing a prepared pledge statement as they leave.

"We're agreed we want change. You can help us give it to you by signing this pledge statement as you leave. Be part of the change you want to see!

Example 2: The desired outcome is increased sales figures. The call to action is made urgent with the introduction of time specific incentives.

"You have three weeks from the time you leave this hall to make that dream family holiday in New Zealand yours. Can you do it? Will you do it? The kids will love it. Your wife will love it. Do it now!"

How to figure out the right call to action

A clue for working out what the most appropriate call to action might be, is to go back to your original purpose for giving the speech.

• Was it to motivate or inspire?
• Was it to persuade to a particular point of view?
• Was it to share specialist information?
• Was it to celebrate a person, a place, time or event?

Ask yourself what you want people to do as a result of having listened to your speech.

For more about ending speeches

Visit this page for more about how to end a speech effectively . You'll find two additional types of speech endings with examples.

Write and test

Write your ending and test it out loud. Try it out on a friend, or two. Is it good? Does it work?

Step 7: The introduction

Once you've got the filling (main ideas) the linking and the ending in place, it's time to focus on the introduction.

The introduction comes last as it's the most important part of your speech. This is the bit that either has people sitting up alert or slumped and waiting for you to end. It's the tone setter!

What makes a great speech opening?

Ideally you want an opening that makes listening to you the only thing the 'Joes' in the audience want to do.

You want them to forget they're hungry or that their chair is hard or that their bills need paying.

The way to do that is to capture their interest straight away. You do this with a "hook".

Hooks to catch your audience's attention

Hooks come in as many forms as there are speeches and audiences. Your task is work out what specific hook is needed to catch your audience.

Go back to the purpose. Why are you giving this speech?

Once you have your answer, consider your call to action. What do you want the audience to do, and, or take away, as a result of listening to you?

Next think about the imaginary or real person you wrote for when you were focusing on your main ideas.

Choosing the best hook

• Is it humor?
• Would shock tactics work?
• Is it a rhetorical question?
• Is it formality or informality?
• Is it an outline or overview of what you're going to cover, including the call to action?
• Or is it a mix of all these elements?

A hook example

Here's an example from a fictional political speech. The speaker is lobbying for votes. His audience are predominately workers whose future's are not secure.

"How's your imagination this morning? Good? (Pause for response from audience) Great, I'm glad. Because we're going to put it to work starting right now.

I want you to see your future. What does it look like? Are you happy? Is everything as you want it to be? No? Let's change that. We could do it. And we could do it today.

At the end of this speech you're going to be given the opportunity to change your world, for a better one ...

No, I'm not a magician. Or a simpleton with big ideas and precious little commonsense. I'm an ordinary man, just like you. And I have a plan to share!"

And then our speaker is off into his main points supported by examples. The end, which he has already foreshadowed in his opening, is the call to vote for him.

Prepare several hooks

Experiment with several openings until you've found the one that serves your audience, your subject matter and your purpose best.

For many more examples of speech openings go to: how to write a speech introduction . You'll find 12 of the very best ways to start a speech.

That completes the initial seven steps towards writing your speech. If you've followed them all the way through, congratulations, you now have the text of your speech!

Although you might have the words, you're still a couple of steps away from being ready to deliver them. Both of them are essential if you want the very best outcome possible. They are below. Please take them.

Step 8: Checking content and timing

This step pulls everything together.

Check once, check twice, check three times & then once more!

Go through your speech really carefully.

On the first read through check you've got your main points in their correct order with supporting material, plus an effective introduction and ending.

On the second read through check the linking passages or transitions making sure they are clear and easily followed.

On the third reading check your sentence structure, language use and tone.

Double, triple check the timing

Now go though once more.

This time read it aloud slowly and time yourself.

If it's too long for the time allowance you've been given make the necessary cuts.

Start by looking at your examples rather than the main ideas themselves. If you've used several examples to illustrate one principal idea, cut the least important out.

Also look to see if you've repeated yourself unnecessarily or, gone off track. If it's not relevant, cut it.

Repeat the process, condensing until your speech fits the required length, preferably coming in just under your time limit.

You can also find out how approximately long it will take you to say the words you have by using this very handy words to minutes converter . It's an excellent tool, one I frequently use. While it can't give you a precise time, it does provide a reasonable estimate.

Step 9: Rehearsing your speech

And NOW you are finished with writing the speech, and are ready for REHEARSAL .

Please don't be tempted to skip this step. It is not an extra thrown in for good measure. It's essential.

The "not-so-secret" secret of successful speeches combines good writing with practice, practice and then, practicing some more.

Go to how to practice public speaking and you'll find rehearsal techniques and suggestions to boost your speech delivery from ordinary to extraordinary.

The Quick How to Write a Speech Checklist

Before you begin writing you need:.

• Your speech OUTLINE with your main ideas ranked in the order you're going to present them. (If you haven't done one complete this 4 step sample speech outline . It will make the writing process much easier.)
• Your RESEARCH
• You also need to know WHO you're speaking to, the PURPOSE of the speech and HOW long you're speaking for

The basic format

• the body where you present your main ideas

Split your time allowance so that you spend approximately 70% on the body and 15% each on the introduction and ending.

How to write the speech

• Write your main ideas out incorporating your examples and research
• Link them together making sure each flows in a smooth, logical progression
• Write your ending, summarizing your main ideas briefly and end with a call for action
• Write your introduction considering the 'hook' you're going to use to get your audience listening
• An often quoted saying to explain the process is: Tell them what you're going to tell them (Introduction) Tell them (Body of your speech - the main ideas plus examples) Tell them what you told them (The ending)

TEST before presenting. Read aloud several times to check the flow of material, the suitability of language and the timing.

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Best free text-to-speech software of 2024

Find the best free text-to-speech software for free text to voice conversion

• Best overall
• Best custom voice
• Best for beginners
• Best Microsoft extension
• Best website reader
• How we test

The best free text-to-speech software makes it simple and easy to improve accessibility and productivity in your workflows.

1. Best overall 2. Best custom voice 3. Best for beginners 4. Best Microsoft extension 5. Best website reader 6. FAQs 7. How we test

In the digital era, the need for effective communication tools has led to a surge in the popularity of text-to-speech (TTS) software, and finding the best free text-to-speech software is essential for a variety of users, regardless of budget constraints. 

Text-to-speech software skillfully converts written text into spoken words using advanced technology, though often without grasping the context of the content. The best text-to-speech software not only accomplishes this task but also offers a selection of natural-sounding voices, catering to different preferences and project needs.

This technology is invaluable for creating accessible content, enhancing workplace productivity, adding voice-overs to videos, or simply assisting in proofreading by vocalizing written work. While many of today’s best free word processors , such as Google Docs, include basic TTS features that are accurate and continually improving, they may not meet all needs.

Stand-alone, app-based TTS tools, which should not be confused with the best speech-to-text apps , often have limitations compared to more comprehensive, free text-to-speech software. For instance, some might not allow the downloading of audio files, a feature crucial for creating content for platforms like YouTube and social media.

In our quest to identify the best free text-to-speech software, we have meticulously tested various options, assessing them based on user experience, performance, and output quality. Our guide aims to help you find the right text-to-speech tool, whatever your specific needs might be.

The best free text-to-speech software of 2024 in full:

Why you can trust TechRadar We spend hours testing every product or service we review, so you can be sure you’re buying the best. Find out more about how we test.

The best free text-to-speech software overall

1. Natural Reader

Our expert review:

Reasons to buy

Reasons to avoid.

Natural Reader offers one of the best free text-to-speech software experiences, thanks to an easy-going interface and stellar results. It even features online and desktop versions. 

You'll find plenty of user options and customizations. The first is to load documents into its library and have them read aloud from there. This is a neat way to manage multiple files, and the number of supported file types is impressive, including eBook formats. There's also OCR, which enables you to load up a photo or scan of text, and have it spoken to you.

The second option takes the form of a floating toolbar. In this mode, you can highlight text in any application and use the toolbar controls to start and customize text-to-speech. This means you can very easily use the feature in your web browser, word processor and a range of other programs. There's also a browser extension to convert web content to speech more easily.

The TTS tool is available free, with three additional upgrades with more advanced features for power-users and professionals.

Read our full Natural Reader review .

• ^ Back to the top

The best free custom-voice text-to-speech software

2. Balabolka

There are a couple of ways to use Balabolka's top free text-to-speech software. You can either copy and paste text into the program, or you can open a number of supported file formats (including DOC, PDF, and HTML) in the program directly. 

In terms of output, you can use SAPI 4 complete with eight different voices to choose from, SAPI 5 with two, or the Microsoft Speech Platform. Whichever route you choose, you can adjust the speech, pitch and volume of playback to create a custom voice.

In addition to reading words aloud, this free text-to-speech software can also save narrations as audio files in a range of formats including MP3 and WAV. For lengthy documents, you can create bookmarks to make it easy to jump back to a specific location and there are excellent tools on hand to help you to customize the pronunciation of words to your liking.

With all these features to make life easier when reading text on a screen isn't an option, Balabolka is the best free text-to-speech software around.

For more help using Balabolka, see out guide on how to convert text to speech using this free software.

The best free text-to-speech software for beginners

3. Panopreter Basic

Panopreter Basic is the best free text-to-speech software if you’re looking for something simple, streamlined, no-frills, and hassle-free. 

It accepts plain and rich text files, web pages and Microsoft Word documents as input, and exports the resulting sound in both WAV and MP3 format (the two files are saved in the same location, with the same name).

The default settings work well for quick tasks, but spend a little time exploring Panopreter Basic's Settings menu and you'll find options to change the language, destination of saved audio files, and set custom interface colors. The software can even play a piece of music once it's finished reading – a nice touch you won't find in other free text-to-speech software.

If you need something more advanced, a premium version of Panopreter is available. This edition offers several additional features including toolbars for Microsoft Word and Internet Explorer , the ability to highlight the section of text currently being read, and extra voices.

The best free text-to-speech extension of Microsoft Word

4. WordTalk

Developed by the University of Edinburgh, WordTalk is a toolbar add-on for Word that brings customizable text-to-speech to Microsoft Word. It works with all editions of Word and is accessible via the toolbar or ribbon, depending on which version you're using.

The toolbar itself is certainly not the most attractive you'll ever see, appearing to have been designed by a child. Nor are all of the buttons' functions very clear, but thankfully there's a help file on hand to help.

There's no getting away from the fact that WordTalk is fairly basic, but it does support SAPI 4 and SAPI 5 voices, and these can be tweaked to your liking. The ability to just read aloud individual words, sentences or paragraphs is a particularly nice touch. You also have the option of saving narrations, and there are a number of keyboard shortcuts that allow for quick and easy access to frequently used options.

The best free text-to-speech software for websites

5. Zabaware Text-to-Speech Reader

Despite its basic looks, Zabaware Text-to-Speech Reader has more to offer than you might first think. You can open numerous file formats directly in the program, or just copy and paste text.

Alternatively, as long as you have the program running and the relevant option enables, Zabaware Text-to-Speech Reader can read aloud any text you copy to the clipboard – great if you want to convert words from websites to speech – as well as dialog boxes that pop up. One of the best free text-to-speech software right now, this can also convert text files to WAV format.

Unfortunately the selection of voices is limited, and the only settings you can customize are volume and speed unless you burrow deep into settings to fiddle with pronunciations. Additional voices are available for an additional fee which seems rather steep, holding it back from a higher place in our list.

The best free text-to-speech software: FAQs

What are the limitations of free tts software.

As you might expect, some free versions of TTS software do come with certain limitations. These include the amount of choices you get for the different amount of voices in some case. For instance, Zabaware gives you two for free, but you have to pay if you want more. 

However, the best free software on this list come with all the bells and whistles that will be more than enough for the average user.

What is SAPI?

SAPI stands for Speech Application Programming Interface. It was developed by Microsoft to generate synthetic speech to allow computer programs to read aloud text. First used in its own applications such as Office, it is also employed by third party TTS software such as those featured in this list. 

In the context of TTS software, there are more SAPI 4 voices to choose from, whereas SAPI 5 voices are generally of a higher quality. 

Should I output files to MP3 or WAV?

Many free TTS programs give you the option to download an audio file of the speech to save and transfer to different devices.

MP3 is the most common audio format, and compatible with pretty much any modern device capable of playing back audio. The WAV format is also highly compatible too.

The main difference between the two is quality. WAV files are uncompressed, meaning fidelity is preserved as best as possible, at the cost of being considerably larger in size than MP3 files, which do compress.

Ultimately, however, MP3 files with a bit rate of 256 kbps and above should more than suffice, and you'll struggle to tell the difference when it comes to speech audio between them and WAV files.

How to choose the best free text-to-speech software

When selecting the best free text-to-speech software is best for you depends on a range of factors (not to mention personal preference).

Despite how simple the concept of text-to-speech is, there are many different features and aspects to such apps to take into consideration. These include how many voice options and customizations are present, how and where they operate in your setup, what formats they are able to read aloud from and what formats the audio can be saved as.

With free versions, naturally you'll want to take into account how many advanced features you get without paying, and whether any sacrifices are made to performance or usability. 

Always try to keep in mind what is fair and reasonable for free services - and as we've shown with our number one choice, you can get plenty of features for free, so if other options seem bare in comparison, then you'll know you can do better.

How we test the best free text-to-speech software

Our testing process for the best free text-to-speech software is thorough, examining all of their respective features and trying to throw every conceivable syllable at them to see how they perform.

We also want to test the accessibility features of these tools to see how they work for every kind of user out there. We have highlighted, for instance, whether certain software offer dyslexic-friendly fonts, such as the number two on our list, Natural Reader.

We also bear in mind that these are free versions, so where possible we compare and contrast their feature sets with paid-for rivals.

Finally, we look at how well TTS tools meet the needs of their intended users - whether it's designed for personal use or professional deployment. 

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Daryl had been freelancing for 3 years before joining TechRadar, now reporting on everything software-related. In his spare time, he's written a book, ' The Making of Tomb Raider '. His second book, ' 50 Years of Boss Fights ', came out in June 2024, and has a newsletter, ' Springboard '. He's usually found playing games old and new on his Steam Deck and MacBook Pro. If you have a story about an updated app, one that's about to launch, or just anything Software-related, drop him a line.

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A* Room 101 speech -adverts and spitting.

Have you had enough of injury lawyers’ telling you help is on the way? Are you tired of cheesy adverts that make you cringe ?  Do you think it’s time to put an end to those irritating slogans and songs that are constantly getting stuck in your head? If so, we can all agree that adverts should be put into room 101.

Like me, I’m sure that most of you all watch quite a lot of TV. But does it not anger you that, just because we decide to watch a variety of entertaining programmes on ITV and Channel 4, we are unfortunate victims of ridiculous advertisements and catchphrases every ten minutes when it’s time for the so called break?!

This is a preview of the whole essay

I find it particularly frustrating when watching a high action film. Imagine: you’re sitting at home watching Die Hard  on ITV, when the main character  is on the verge of death and fighting his enemy in a high action scene. Your on the edge of your seat wondering whats going to happen next , when suddenly a big bloated man with a fake, cheesy moustache starts jumping around repeatedly singing “go compare” in an extremely annoying voice which completely destroys the tense atmosphere, following the trend of stupid adverts would be the highly annoying song  we buy any  car. This song not only sticks in your head, but makes you twitch for how bad it is. The thrill you once had quickly turns to anger, as you feel ready to throw your  television screen out the window. However its not just these 2 adverts. There are hundreds and hundreds of other irritating commercials. It has also been statistically been proven that 94% do not pay any attention to T.V adverts. This more evidence to why adverts should be banished to the darkest corner of room 101.

The second thing I want to put in room 101 is ‘spitting’ as it really is shameful, shocking and stupid. When someone spits you don’t look at them like they are special , sophisticated or intelligent, you look at them like they really are a disgrace, so why do it ? I love sport like many other 14 year old boys, but the spitting has got to go. Spitting occours in many sports. Many children think, that if their favourite football player spits, they need to do the same thing, they somehow think this makes them cool. Children spitting everywhere is not something you look for in a sunday football team, they somehow think it enhances their football skills. One of the worst things possible people can do is to spit in peoples food they have ordered. This completely baffles me for why anyone would be so stupid and inconsiderate to spit and ruin someones meal. This is highly unacceptable and inhuman. It is reported that 32% of fast food workers spit in the food served. This is an utter disgrace and the % would be brought down to 0 if spitting was sent to room 101. spitting is disgusting, and unacceptable . So please put spitting in room 101 as it really is a horrible habit.

Document Details

• Author Type Student
• Word Count 526
• Page Count 1
• Subject English
• Type of work Coursework

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President Joe Biden sat down for an interview with TIME about America’s role in the world and his foreign policy agenda.

Below is a review of Biden’s statements from the interview. TIME has also published the transcript of the conversation.

What Biden Said : “The Russian military has been decimated. You don’t write about that. It’s been freaking decimated.”

The Facts: This is a fair assessment, according to a Reuters report on a declassified U.S. intelligence assessment provided to Congress. The intelligence determined that Russia had 360,000 active military personnel when it invaded Ukraine in February of 2022. By December of last year, 315,000 Russian troops had been either killed or injured in the war—a reduction in troop strength by 87%.

What Biden Said: "We spent a lot of money in Ukraine, but Europe has spent more money than the United States has, collectively."

The Facts : The European Union has provided over $107 billion dollars in financial, military, humanitarian, and refugee assistance since the war in Ukraine began, as of April 24. Comparatively, Congress has authorized the United States to provide up to $175 billion to support Ukraine, and has provided the country approximately $81 billion since the Russian invasion, according to the White House.

What Biden Said : I spent a month in Ukraine when I was a Senator and Vice President.

The Facts : Biden’s trips to Ukraine include six he made as Vice President—more than any previous President or Vice President. He was also involved in Ukraine during his 36 years as a US Senator. He sponsored or co-sponsored 39 pieces of legislation in support of Ukraine, and worked on issues involving Ukraine as a longtime member of the Foreign Relations Committee, including 12 years as chairman or ranking member.

What Biden Said : "Japan [is] devoting 3% of its GDP to defense..."

The Facts : Japan aims to spend 2% of its GDP on defense by 2027, according to a statement by Prime Minister Kishida Fumio . From 1960 to 2022 , Japan’s defense spending was 1% of GDP or lower.

What Biden Said : "I put together a Quad that never existed before."

The Facts : The Quadrilateral Security Dialogue, known as the Quad, is a partnership between the US, Japan, Australia and India that began in 2004, following the Indian ocean tsunami. The group was formalized by then-Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe in 2007, but was inactive until reforming in 2017. The Quad’s first in-person summit was held at the White House in Sept. 2021, during Biden’s first year as President.

What Biden Said : “Wage increases have exceeded what the cost of inflation…”

The Facts : New data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics shows hourly wage growth topping inflation for the past 12 months. In April, nominal hourly earnings were up 3.9% from a year ago; inflation held at 3.4%. But cumulative inflation has outpaced wage growth for most of the Biden presidency.

What Biden Said : “I remember when I was heading to Taiwan, excuse me, to South Korea, to reclaim the chips industry that we had gotten $865 billion in private-sector investment, private-sector investments since I’ve been in. Name me a president who’s done that.”

The Facts: The White House announced an $866 billion private-sector investment in May, not when Biden went to South Korea in 2022. The funding was also meant for initiatives across clean energy and manufacturing industries, and is not limited to just the chips industry.

What Biden Said: “There are going to be a billion people in Africa in the next several years.”

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What Biden Said: “I mean, that line that Macron used, and it says that…I was making notes for this. It said, Macron, they know the experience of brain death unlike anytime. Because lack of US leadership, we should reassess the reality of NATO in light of the lack of US leadership.”

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The original version of this story incorrectly described one definition of “decimate” as being “reduce to one-tenth.” It means to reduce by one-tenth. The relevant sentence has been removed.

Correction, June 5

The original version of this story misstated the assistance the U.S. has provided to Ukraine since the Russian invasion. It has provided approximately $81 billion, according to the White House, not $175 billion, which is how much Congress has authorized in aid to Ukraine and allied nations.

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Former President Trump Speaks After Guilty Verdict in Hush Money Trial

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“This was a disgrace", former president Donald Trump told reporters after being found guilty on 34 felony charges related to hush money payments to adult film star Stormy Daniels. The convicted president alleged that President Biden was behind the case being brought and told reporters the "real verdict will be November 5", referencing the 2024 presidential election. Former President Trump vowed to "fight 'til the end.” Sentencing in the trial was to be in July, a few days before the 2024 Republican convention in Milwaukee. close

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Room 101 Speaking & Listening Scheme of Lessons

Subject: English

Age range: 14-16

Resource type: Lesson (complete)

Last updated

9 April 2018

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