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How should I style brand names?

Note: This post relates to content in the eighth edition of the MLA Handbook . For up-to-date guidance, see the ninth edition of the MLA Handbook .

The styling of brand names depends on whether they are trademarked. Always check the dictionary, which lists many brand names.

Trademarked brand names are capitalized but not italicized:

Band-Aid Kleenex Xerox

Note, however, that the dictionary may specify that a trademarked brand name, like Xerox, is lowercased when used as a verb:

I xeroxed the report for my supervisor.

When the dictionary indicates that a brand name (e.g., Dumpster, Windbreaker) has entered the language as a common noun, it is styled lowercase without italics:

We discarded the items in the dumpster. When traveling to Chicago, I always pack a windbreaker.

How to Use Brand Names in Your Writing: Dos and Don'ts

Ah, the world of writing and grammar rules. It can be as tricky as a game of word twister. One area that often leaves writers puzzled is how to handle brand names. Should you capitalize them, italicize them, or simply write them in lowercase? In this comprehensive guide, we'll explore the dos and don'ts of using brand names in your writing to ensure your content is grammatically correct and polished.

https://www.oicun.org/how-to-write-brand-names-in-an-essay-tips-to-make-it-easier/

Understanding the Importance of Brand Names

Brand names are more than just labels; they carry the reputation, recognition, and identity of a product or company. How you write brand names in an essay or any piece of writing matters. It reflects your attention to detail and adherence to writing conventions.

Do: Write Brand Names as They Are

1. Write brand names in an essay exactly as they appear: If a brand name is spelled in a certain way with specific capitalization, replicate it faithfully. For example, if you're writing about the famous search engine, it's "Google," not "google" or "GooGle."

2. Use the registered trademark symbol when necessary: In some cases, brand names are accompanied by the ® symbol to denote their trademark status. For instance, "Kleenex®" and "ChapStick®." Ensure you include this symbol if the brand name uses it.

Don't: Genericize Brand Names

3. Don't use brand names as generic terms: Some brand names have become so ubiquitous that they are used to refer to an entire category of products. For instance, "Kleenex" is often used to describe any facial tissue, but this is a brand name and should not be generalized. Instead, use "facial tissues" as a generic term.

4. Don't create confusion: Writing brand names in a way that could lead to confusion is a big no-no. For instance, if you are discussing the world of slow cooking, it's "Crock-Pot," not "crockpot" or "Crockpot." Clear and accurate representation is key.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q1: how should i write brand names in my blog posts.

A1: When writing blog posts, follow the same rules as for any other type of writing. Write brand names exactly as they are and use trademark symbols when appropriate. Remember, consistency is key in maintaining professionalism in your content.

Q2: Are there any exceptions to using brand names as they appear?

A2: In some cases, a brand name may have variations in its capitalization or formatting, especially if the company rebrands. It's important to stay updated with these changes and adjust your writing accordingly.

Q3: Can I use brand names creatively in my fiction writing?

A3: Yes, you can use brand names creatively in fiction writing as long as it serves the narrative and doesn't misrepresent the brand. Just be sure to avoid using them generically or in a way that could harm the brand's reputation.

Final Thoughts

Writing brand names correctly is not just about following rules; it's about maintaining clarity and respecting the identity of the brands you mention. By adhering to these dos and don'ts, you'll ensure that your writing is polished and professional, whether you're crafting a blog post, essay, or any other content.

So, the next time you come across a store brand box of thingies or any other product, remember the importance of getting brand names right in your writing. Your attention to detail will be likelike noticed and appreciated by your readers.

Useful Resources:  https://www.presentation-assistant.com/index.htm

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Ultimate Guide: How to Write Brand Names Featured Image

  • Posted on February 17, 2023

Ultimate Guide: How to Write Brand Names

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Brand names surround us every minute of our lives. We drink our favorite brand of coffee in the morning, brush our teeth with a definite brand of toothpaste, and drive to work in a familiar car model. Nowadays, almost every name of an object is associated with a brand name, and sometimes the brand in everyday language replaces the name itself: I left my Ford in the parking lot, where is my Apple? If your task is to create a brand name that also appears in everyday speech, becomes a living reflection of the product, and evokes lasting associations, you will have to work hard. It is better to familiarize yourself with the Brand Name Guide, which will make solving your task much easier.

1. Creating a Brief

Your brand has only 7 seconds to make a first impression. It is important to make it significant, so you should write clearly and thoughtfully what you want in your name:

  • Either the name must be directly related to the product (Big Burger), be the name of the owner or founder of the company (Tom Ford), or have a geographical reference (Amazon);
  • The length of the name plays the biggest role in its success. Plenty of brand managers believe that the shorter it is, the better, so there are a lot of brand names on the market that consist of 3-4 letters. The acceptable length, which is perfectly memorable and easy to use, is 3-4 syllables.
  • Could it be an abbreviation or a combination of parts of several words? The research has shown that 72% of the best brand names appeared from words or acronyms. There are enough examples in the branding world: Tesco, BMW, KFC, Adidas;
  • You can also use a few short, similar-sounding words in the title: Chop-Chop, Coca-Cola, and TikTok.

Use the briefing to include all the details. With its help, the contractor will understand what kind of result you expect and create a successful designation. He will solve the tasks and meet your expectations. The briefing must separately indicate what not to use in the title. For example, not all company owners want their names to be neologisms, and some of them do not allow the use of first and last names in the brand name in any form.

Another mandatory question of the briefing is whether the brand name should be used unchanged in the website address. If yes, the use of symbols is limited, especially since you still need to check the name for free domains in the selected zone.

2. Entry Into New Markets

Today the market is unpredictable, today, you are creating a name for a start-up, and tomorrow or a year later, it will be an international conglomerate with branches around the world. Therefore, you first need to consider positioning the brand identity  in the international market. This leads to the next problem – linguistic perception.

There are many examples when the name of a company had to be changed locally, or something in the spelling was changed when entering the market of a certain country. The most striking example that is given to all novice brand managers is the name of the Toyota MR2 model. When entering the French market, the company faced the problem of pronunciation and translation of the model name into French: MR-Deux, consonant with the French merde, which means “shit.” It is hard to imagine what would happen to this model on the market if marketers did not bother themselves too much and did not analyze the name in the languages of all countries where the concern was going to sell its cars. Such verification takes a lot of time, but in times of globalization, it is necessary.

3. Name Protection

This is an extremely important point, especially if there is an exit from the international market in the future. Be sure to consult with lawyers on how to protect the name, which names can be used, and which ones cannot. Some large companies are proactive and register several names at once for future use. That is, you created a name , you have never heard of it, and it is not mentioned anywhere, but this does not mean that your name no longer has an owner who will then legally take your brand from you, or rather his name. Therefore, it is immediately necessary to check all the options that were invented for legal “purity.”

4. Writing Rules

This is a very, very important point. Even if it seems to you that your company is very far from being mentioned in the press or on the Internet, spend extra time and effort creating rules for using and writing the name in open sources of information.

A striking example is Yahoo! Even now, the idea arose of how to write it, with or without an exclamation mark. The situation is even worse with the name, which? If the sentence is written incorrectly, then the reader can bring the name into context and meaning, like a word, moreover, an interrogative one. It is especially difficult with such titles in the headlines.

How to write the name of brands such as ASDA, ASUS, etc. the company writes its name everywhere in capital letters only. But the problem is that these words are not an abbreviation, so according to the rules of the language, they should be written normally, the first letter in uppercase, all the rest in lowercase. As a result, the names of these, and hundreds of other brands, are written in the press and in the electronic media, whoever wants. From this, recognition is lost, the very essence of naming, its uniqueness

Authenticity for Brands

https://www.oberlo.com/blog/branding-statistics

Another important point is the pronunciation and spelling of the brand name in other languages. Remember that only someone who is impeccably literate has the right to indicate how the name of the company is spelled correctly. Therefore, all documents, appeals, manuals, just promotional articles, and press releases that you write for your company should be checked against writing services by Essay Tigers , which will allow you to avoid any awkward situations and incidents in writing.

Creating a separate translation, transcription, and spelling guide for each country is recommended. This will help maintain the global integrity of perception. Of course, it is impossible to control absolutely all users and authors who will mention or write about your company. Still, at the official level and in reputable electronic versions of magazines and publications, you must adhere to a single style in each country.

How to Test Your Brand Name

Image of Brand visual identity

Brand name testing is critical. Since the way naming is perceived by the target audience greatly affects the success of the company as a whole.

To understand which name will be best perceived by the target audience, you need to select a list of possible options. After that, survey users. Make sure the sample is large enough. This will make the test results more accurate.

Prepare questions or ask respondents to write associations that evoke the suggested names. Next, you need to do an analysis. Choose the name that best represents your brand values ​​and positively impacts your target audience.

Frequently Asked Questions

  • What are the best practices for incorporating company names into academic essays or papers?

When incorporating company names into academic essays or papers, it’s important to use the full, official name of the company the first time you mention it. Subsequent mentions can use a shortened version if one is commonly recognized. Always respect the company’s preferred capitalization and punctuation.

  • Are there specific guidelines to follow when writing brand names in essays, and how do they impact the narrative?

Yes, there are guidelines to follow when writing brand names in essays. Like company names, use the full, official brand name the first time it’s mentioned, and respect the brand’s preferred capitalization and punctuation. The way brand names are presented can impact the narrative by affecting readability and the professional tone of the essay.

  • What is the proper format for mentioning company names in professional or academic papers?

The proper format for mentioning company names in professional or academic papers is to use the full, official name of the company the first time it’s mentioned. Subsequent mentions can use a commonly recognized shortened version. Always respect the company’s preferred capitalization and punctuation. If the company name starts a sentence, it should be fully capitalized.

  • What are some common mistakes to avoid when writing brand or company names in formal documents?

Common mistakes to avoid when writing brand or company names in formal documents include incorrect capitalization, incorrect punctuation, and not using the full, official name on first mention. It’s also a mistake to use a shortened version of the name that isn’t commonly recognized.

  • How can the correct presentation of brand names in writing enhance brand recognition and credibility?

The correct presentation of brand names in writing can enhance brand recognition and credibility by ensuring consistency and professionalism. It shows respect for the brand and helps readers recognize and remember it. It also avoids confusion that can arise from incorrect or inconsistent naming.

The brand name is fundamental to the company. Its creation must be approached carefully and deliberately. Use our recommendations to develop a powerful naming that will reflect the brand values ​​and create a favorable image for the target audience.

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How to Write a Company Name in an Essay: A Detailed Guide

When we write messages to friends or just talk about brands, we never think about the special way to mention them. What we care about is to make communication convenient, so we usually use the shortest version of each company name we can think of. If you’re reading this article, you probably already know that the same approach doesn’t apply to academic essays and research papers.

Suppose you need to know how to write the name of a company in an essay, but it’s hard for you to grasp all the rules at once; this article is here to help you. Can students only use the full version of the company name or are there exceptions? Do learners have to reference the organizations they mention? Let’s answer these questions right away!

Writing the Name of a Company in an Essay: Key Facts

After they enter college, many students find themselves with more questions than answers about writing papers. Since many essays involve discussing consumerism and business ethics, writing the names of companies is among the trickiest parts for most learners. Here are some general rules to follow if you want to write all the company names in your essays correctly:

  • Check the website of the organization you’re writing about to see the way it presents itself . Use the exact capitalization and spaces between words you see on the logo and in the company’s documents. As long as you follow the same patterns, you’re sure to write the name of any brand in the correct way.
  • Use the full name of the organization when you introduce it . Regardless of how your professor’s guidelines address the business you’re researching, the first time you mention it should be its full title. If there are any additional descriptions, it’s better to include them too. However, you only need to include the exact location of the company if it matters in the context of your paper or if there are multiple similar companies in the area.
  • If there’s an abbreviation or a shortened version that’s recognized around the world, you can use it after the first mention . However, you need to make sure your professor is alright with this approach. Check the advertisements made by the business you’re writing about and see if they use the short version you want to utilize. The general advice here is to keep mentioning the brand in a formal and respectful way.

These general guidelines may seem a bit confusing for someone who is about to write their first or second essay that mentions famous brands. Let’s look at the myths many students believe when they first arrive on campus. After all, those misleading thoughts may well cost you your time if you try to follow them when writing.

How to Write a Company Name in an Essay without Believing Common Myths

Formatting is the most confusing part of writing academic essays, so it’s no wonder that there are quite a few myths to dispel. There are two misconceptions students ask about most often, so we’ll focus on those. 

You don’t need any special formatting for the names of businesses. The first myth states you need to underline company names or italicize them. In reality, all you need to do is capitalize those words according to how the organization in question does it. All you need to do is write brand names exactly how they look on their logos and websites, and you’ll be good. 

If you’re just mentioning the company name, you don’t need to cite it . The second myth is that you need to create a separate reference for each company name you mention. In fact, the only thing you need to do is ensure correct capitalization and check how the brand name writes all words. For example, the abbreviation “OK” used in a brand name can be fully capitalized, or this may affect only the first letter. 

However, you need to cite company documents or the research if you use it . For example, you need to mention the authors of a scientific article or a journalistic investigation about any specific company. In other words, cite all the information you’ve found but remember you’re referencing the article about the brand and not its name. You might need to write a quick essay of top quality, but researching large organizations can take hours if not days. Since it’s not something students can do quickly, it’s a good idea to ask for professional assistance from a trustworthy online service like FastEssay.

Company Names in APA Essays: Are There Differences with MLA?

A short answer to this question is, not really. Like MLA essays, the APA papers are about precision and clarity. This means that both formatting styles adhere to the general rules of mentioning your brand’s most formal name the first time it appears in your paper and optionally using a common and recognizable abbreviation as you continue writing. However, there’s always a possibility that you’ll have to cite the website of that brand. So, what do you do in that situation?

First and foremost, citing the website of any organization in APA is no different from referencing any other website in that format. However, if you’re citing a document that’s used in a specific company, you’ll need a slightly different reference. If there aren’t any specific authors, you can go with this:

Name of organization. (Year) Title of the document you’ve found. Number of this document (if mentioned).

For the internal rules that weren’t officially presented, you’ll need to write “Unpublished internal company document” instead of the number. For an in-text citation, you can go with a simple format of “(Brand name, year).” Of course, you don’t have to reference company names if they aren’t attached to any quotes from the rules of those organizations or the research about them done by someone outside the company. Make sure to double-check all the information you’ve included in your reference, and you’re done! 

Good Luck with Your Writing!

As you can see, it’s not that hard to write a company name in an essay correctly as long as you follow specific rules. Still, specific cases can bring about more questions, so it’s clear that creating actual papers always brings about more challenges. That\’s why you should always remember about the option of asking someone reliable for assistance. 

Whether it’s your friend who understands formatting better, your professor, or a professional from an online service, you can reach out to the people who will assist you. If you’re stuck and can’t find any information, it’s best to save your time and effort by having someone more experienced guide you. With that said, good luck on your writing journey! 

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The Classroom | Empowering Students in Their College Journey

How to Reference Company Names in Papers

Hana LaRock

How to Quote Lists in MLA Format

When writing a paper for a high school course, a college class or for your job, there are certain rules you must follow. Most students are generally familiar with these rules, however, questions may still arise. For example, before referencing a company name in a paper, you'll want to first ask yourself if you're using the appropriate writing style. Once you have that covered, you will know how to reference a company's name correctly according to that style, as to avoid plagiarism or harming the company's reputation.

Which Writing Style Do I Use?

Generally, if you're talking about issues in the business world, then APA style is the way to go. APA style stands for the "American Psychology Association" and is a style of writing used typically for business or social sciences.

There will be instances where you're using a different writing style because your paper has nothing to do with corporations. Though, it's likely you may still have to mention the name of a company or organization at some point in the paper.

There are several writing styles that have specific rules when referring to the name of a company. AP Style, which stands for "Associated Press" is a writing style used by journalists. MLA stands for "Modern Language Association" and is typically used in the liberal arts and humanities fields, while AMA "American Medical Association" involves medical writing. AP style may refer to a company that's currently making headlines, MLA may refer to a company when talking about a publisher, and AMA may refer to a pharmaceutical company mentioned in a medical journal.

Referencing a Company in APA Style

To reference a company's name in APA style, you can simply input the name of the company within the paper. For instance, if you're citing a quote, example or statistic from IBM, then in your paper, you can say, "according to IBM" or whatever company it is you're mentioning. You can also use a parenthetical citation. For instance, you can write a quote or statistic, then reference the company inside the parenthesis, such as (IBM 2017).

Referencing a Company in Other Formats

There will be instances when you're not writing in APA style, but you'll still need to reference a company's name. The name of the company should always be how it is in the original text, and how you cite the name of that company, such as parenthetically, in the footnotes or a casual mention, depends on the writing style.

For instance, in AP style, it's okay to mention the name of the company within the text, and you don't need to write out the entire name on each mention. So, if you're writing about United Airlines, it's okay to say "United," but you should mention the full name at least once.

In MLA format, however, you must use the full name of the company at all times, unless it's always abbreviated, for example, WWF. And you must also eliminate business abbreviations such as Inc. and Corp., unless you are referring to a university press, then you can write "UP." For example, instead of writing "Princeton University Press" you can simply write "Princeton UP."

Acronyms and Capitalizations

Unless otherwise mentioned, acronyms and capitalizations are generally treated the same across the board, no matter which format of writing you use. When referencing a company, only use an acronym if the company refers to itself in that way, such as NASA. Otherwise, you must write out the entire name.

When capitalizing the name of a company, only do so if the name of the company has capital letters that are individually pronounced, such as"UFC." This is especially true in AP style. So, if the company itself generally capitalizes their entire name, such as IKEA, you should actually write it as "Ikea." However, if the name is GoPro, then copy the unique capitalization exactly as is.

As far as abbreviations go when referencing a company, some styles require them, some say to omit and some say to edit. For instance, MLA requires writers to omit abbreviations like "Ltd." whereas AMA style requires writers to keep it, but take away the period at the end. It's always important to double check this information before referencing a company in your paper.

When to Avoid Mentioning a Company

If all of this sounds too confusing, then you can try to avoid mentioning the company whenever possible. For instance, if there is a company spokesperson or a publication you can use that has the same information, then reference that instead. If your only option is to reference the company, then just be sure to always use the most credible source and to cite the name correctly.

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  • OWL English Purdue: MLA Abbreviations
  • AMA Manual of Style: Business Firms
  • Writing Explained: AP Style
  • Capitalize “the” at the beginning of the name only if it is part of the company's name, as in The Walt Disney Company.
  • Lowercase short prepositions that are part of the company name, such as “and.”
  • Include the word “company” only if it is part of the name.

Hana LaRock is a freelance content writer from New York, currently living in Mexico. Before becoming a writer, Hana worked as a teacher for several years in the U.S. and around the world. She has her teaching certification in Elementary Education and Special Education, as well as a TESOL certification. Please visit her website, www.hanalarockwriting.com, to learn more.

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How to write brand names

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Author : Cathy Dann

Posted : 20 / 05 / 12

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In many cases, the company itself will take a pragmatic approach. For example, Twitter spells its name with a lower-case t in its logo, but upper case in text. We do the same at Emphasis. But what do you do if the company consistently describes itself in non-standard English?

Take insurance companies MORE TH>N and LV=, retail consultancy him! or the supermarket ASDA, for example. If you’re writing about ASDA and you need to refer to ASDA several times in a paragraph, the block capitals in the word ASDA can soon appear to shout at the reader and drown out the rest of the text on the page (like they do here). So should you prioritise the brand’s preferences or the readability of your documents?

You need a house style

If you don’t already have a house style and you’re starting from scratch, there are two broad approaches you can take.

1. Write the brand name exactly as the company does. You may wish to do this if the company is a client or partner, or if they have expressed a strong preference for the format of their name and you don’t want to upset them. Also, as rules go, it’s certainly the simplest to follow.
2. Bring the brand name in line with standard English. If your priority is literacy and ease of reading, or if you found yourself wincing at the third paragraph of this article, you may wish to take this approach. It’s OK to make small changes to the format of the brand name, so long as it is still clearly recognisable.

If you decide to go with the second option, the rest of this article will take you through the areas you’ll need to consider. This may also be helpful if you already have a house style but it doesn’t tell you how to deal with the brand names mentioned above.

In each case, we’ve made a recommendation, but it is only that – you may decide differently.

Punctuation marks

Some brand names, such as Yahoo! Which? and him! include a punctuation mark, which can be problematic – and not only because Word automatically capitalises the following word, thinking that you must be starting a new sentence.

For a start, exclamation marks are generally frowned upon in formal writing, even when used correctly. So ending a sentence with ‘according to Yahoo!.’ looks doubly strange when combined with the extra punctuation. And an exclamation mark in the middle of a sentence, such as ‘Yahoo! has filed applications for two patents’, can feel disruptive.

Many publications (the Guardian , the Sunday Times , the BBC) choose to omit the exclamation mark and simply write Yahoo . Others (the Times , the Telegraph ) choose to retain it.

Verdict: Yahoo – it’s still instantly recognisable.

Even more difficult is him! , with its lower-cased h , which can leave writers wrangling with sentences such as: ‘The price-marked pack has been a source of confusion within the industry, according to him!.’ (Who is  ‘him’?, asks the reader.) For clarity, it’s necessary to add ‘retail consultancy’ before ‘him!’, but even then you’re still left with the awkward punctuation.

him! told us that their brand name should always be written with the exclamation mark, and ‘always be lower case even at the start of a sentence’ (like this sentence, for example, which we wrote in agony). However, they admitted that many publications refused to follow these guidelines.

Verdict: Him – him! is too confusing.

The consumer magazine Which? throws up similar questions. In fact, it sometimes throws up extra questions where you don’t want them. ‘This research was compiled by Which? ’, or ‘Which one performed best in the Which? test lab?’, for example.

Which? told us:  ‘Our policy is to always include the question mark. We haven’t produced any guidance for the press, instead relying on our own presentational material to set the example.  We would encourage anyone who’s tempted to end a sentence with the word Which? to rewrite their sentence.’

Strange though the question mark may be, lopping it off also causes problems.  ‘This research was compiled by   Which ’ and ‘Which one performed best in the   Which test lab?’ could be confusing, especially if your style is to write the names of publications without using italics.

Verdict: Which? – the question mark is vital to understanding the brand name.

Non-alphabet characters

There are certain non-alphabetical characters that don’t trouble the reader at all. For example, Marks & Spencer looks more natural than Marks and Spencer , as we are so used to seeing it in the high street and on TV. Even for a non-British readership, the ampersand is so widely used that it’s unlikely to jar.

The same can’t be said, however, for MORE TH>N or LV=, which are unsettling to the eye, not to mention a pain to type. A  MORE TH>N spokeswoman told us:  ‘MORE TH>N  should always be presented in this way and not re-formatted to More Than’,  but we think that’s asking quite a lot.

The Guardian ’s style guide takes a zero-tolerance approach to  MORE TH>N, reading simply  ‘More Than – not MORE TH>N, which is how the insurance arm of Royal & Sun Alliance styles itself’.

When it comes to LV=, however, most publications retain the  ‘equals’  sign, because the company name is pronounced   ‘  LV equals’  (whereas the > in  MORE TH>N is, thankfully, silent).

Verdict: Marks & Spencer, More Than, LV=.

Stop SHOUTING

There is a generally accepted rule for writing acronyms (a set of initials pronounced as a word) and initialisms (a set of initials pronounced as letters). Acronyms are written with the first letter capitalised, for example Unicef and Nasa, while initialisms are capitalised all the way through, for example IBM and BBC.

However, some companies would have us write their names all in capital letters, even if they don’t actually stand for anything. For example, ASDA (a portmanteau of As quith and Da iries), ASUS, GIGABYTE and UNISON, all of which are pronounced as words, not letters. Of course, they like this format because it makes them stand out. But unless you’re writing something with the aim of actively promoting that brand, there’s no reason why the brand name should stand out more than the other words in the document, which are equally important.

Verdict: Asda, Asus, Gigabyte and Unison. As a general rule, if you can pronounce it as a word, only capitalise the first letter. If you pronounce every letter, capitalise them all.

And then there’s Apple, with their fondness for putting a lower-case i in front of everything. However, iPad , iPod and iMac are now so widely recognised that to replace them with Ipad , Ipod and Imac would be pointlessly awkward.

Verdict: iPad, iPod, iMac – but try to avoid putting them at the start of a sentence.

When nouns become verbs

In 2006, Google tried to stop media organisations using their name as a verb . A spokesman said at the time: ‘We think it’s important to make the distinction between using the word Google to describe using Google to search the internet, and using the word Google to describe searching the internet. It has some serious trademark issues.’

However, like Hoover before them, Google have largely failed in their mission to prevent their name from being genericised. The use of ‘to google’ as a verb with a lower-cased g has caught on and even entered both the Oxford and Collins dictionaries.

Verdict: Google for the noun, google as a verb. But if you use a search engine other than Google, consider using ‘search the internet’ or ‘ do an internet search ’ .

Twitter are currently engaged in a smaller battle, over the word ‘tweet’, for which they acquired the trademark in October 2011 . Though they have never objected to a lower-case t being used for the verb ‘to tweet’, they do object to the noun being lower cased. Their guidelines state: ‘Please remember to capitalize the T in Twitter and Tweet!’ However, no one except Twitter itself actually does, and this certainly feels like a fight that has already been lost.

Verdict: Twitter, but tweet for both the verb and the noun.

Lastly, make sure you only use a trademarked brand name when you’re referring to something made by that brand. Do you mean Tetra Pak, or just generic cartons? Is it really a Portakabin, or is it a ‘portable cabin-style building’ (see this apology )? And if you do decide to tweak the style to make it more readable, make sure you retain the initial capital letter to signal that you’re referring to a brand rather than a generic noun (except, of course, in the case of a certain brand of products beginning with i ).

The Guardian ’s style guide sums it up nicely. ‘Take care: use a generic alternative unless there is a very good reason not to, eg ballpoint pen, not biro (unless it really is a Biro, in which case it takes a cap B); say photocopy rather than Xerox, etc; you will save our lawyers, and those of Portakabin and various other companies, a lot of time and trouble.’

Why not test your trademark awareness by taking our trademarks quiz ? There are 12 questions, and in each case you need to decide whether the word is currently trademarked, was once trademarked or has never been trademarked.

In conclusion

If it’s an easy life you’re after, and you can stomach block capitals and strange punctuation marks, the simplest rule is to go with what the brand itself does. But you’ll still need to decide whether to follow their logo or how they present their name in official documents, such as company reports, because these aren’t always the same (see Twitter, for example).

Or, if you’re feeling bold, why not make a stand for legibility and carve out a house style of your own?

Do you want to inform, inspire and persuade with your business documents? Our 64-page guide to professional writing, The Write Stuff , will help. Get your free copy here .

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Author: cathy dann.

Cathy is a certified word and editing expert, having worked as a sub-editor, editor and copywriter at, to name a few, the Guardian , The Sunday Times , The Telegraph , Which? and The Grocer .

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Essays Any Time

How to Write a Company/ Business Name in an Essay

You must adhere to specific guidelines when writing a paper for a high school class, a college degree, or a career job. Although most learners are sufficiently familiar with these guidelines, concerns may still exist.

Some guidelines are either complex or unknown. For instance, how do you write a company name in a document?

Remember, a strong brand name is crucial to building a solid business brand identity. Therefore, there is a need to represent the brand name correctly when writing a paper.

However, it might be challenging for authors, especially when the name defies accepted English conventions.

This article guides you on how to write a company/business name in an essay. Keep scrolling and acquire this crucial knowledge to help you compose excellent papers.

How to Write a Company Name in an Essay

Generally, the APA style should be the formatting style to use when discussing topics in the business sphere. Essays relating to business and social sciences are the ones that employ the APA format the most.

Here, there are two approaches you can use in the APA-styled document to reference a company/business. They include:

  • Simply Writing the Name

You can use their name when citing the company’s study findings or spokespersons’ statements. For illustration, use “According to NBC…” Writing the complete name of the business in the essay is not essential; however, you may use the full name on the References page or in additional notes.

  • Employing Parentheses

You can add the business name in parentheses after the reference. This is if it is a long name or if you wish to include a citation without the “According to/As to/etc.”

Usually, it is liberal arts and humanities field essays that employ the Modern Language Association (MLA) style.

You must always use the company’s full name in MLA formatting style unless it is consistently abbreviated, as in the case of IBM. You should also get rid of corporate abbreviations like Inc. and Corp.

Also see: Can the title of an essay be a question? 

This is unless you are alluding to a university press, in which case you can use “UP.” For instance, you may put “Princeton UP” instead of “Princeton University Press.”

Newspapers, journals, and mainstream books published commercially follow the Chicago referencing style. However, this formatting style is preferred for writing essays in humanities, business, and the fine arts, especially at the graduate level.

You should write the company name precisely as the business does. However, as long as the structure of the brand name is still easily recognizable, it’s acceptable to make minor formatting adjustments.

Treat the organization as a “corporate author” when referencing in Harvard style. It indicates that you may employ the company’s name rather than a specific author.

This might apply to businesses, institutions, and state agencies. Incorporate them in the references and citations just as you would an individual author.

When citing a company for the first time, use the full name first, then the common acronym in square parentheses. However, when you have to cite corporate numerous times, you can use an acronym or an abbreviation.

You could make multiple references to the same document or cite writings from the same organization from previous years.

Are Company Names Italicized in Essays?

For APA, MLA, Chicago, or AP formatting styles, you should use something other than italics when writing a business name in official writing or a letter.

Business and brand names are not italicized, whether the name is actual or fictitious. You can only employ the italic formatting for the names or titles of magazines, newspapers, publications, albums, etc., but never for company names.

You should capitalize the organization’s name in the same way it appears in the advertisements for the company, for example, “eBay,” “Facebook,’’ or “Pepsi.” Remember, people already know the names of restaurants, businesses, brands, firms, social media networks, etc.

Therefore, there is no need to italicize their names. To recognize the named entity in the context, simply use capital letters.

Are Company Names Capitalized?

Regardless of your writing style, capitalizations are typically treated uniformly unless otherwise specified.

The name of a firm should only be capitalized if it has capital letters that can be pronounced independently, like “IBM.” This is remarkably accurate for the AP style.

Therefore, for a company name like IKEA, you should write it as “Ikea” if the business itself usually capitalizes the entirety of its name. If the company name is GoPro or LinkedIn, on the other hand, duplicate the distinctive capitalization precisely as it is.

Remember, before incorporating a brand name, be sure you follow the rules of the writing style you use. Find the organization’s full face on the internet, then follow the instructions in your APA, MLA, Chicago, or another style handbook.

Should Company Names be in Quotes?

Similar to italicizing company names, for APA, MLA, Chicago, or AP formatting styles, you shouldn’t use quotation marks when writing a business name in any form of official writing.

Therefore, no quotation marks or underlining are used around brand names. Except when the name is included in quotation marks by the brand itself, you should represent them as regular proper nouns.

Chapter titles, magazines and newspaper articles, poetry, and short tales are a few examples of places in a piece where quotation marks are appropriate.

Rarely, but only when quoting a word or phrase previously used by others can quotation marks be employed to emphasize individual words. As a result, neither single nor double quotations should be employed to denote a company’s name.

How Do You Punctuate a Company Name?

Punctuation is increasingly appearing in company names. This is because it is getting harder and harder for new enterprises and brands to come up with distinctive names. Therefore, when referencing brand names in an essay, present their punctuations correctly. Remember, properly punctuating an organization’s name demonstrates respect for the brand.

If an agency or business term contains a legal designation like “Company,” “Limited,” or “Incorporated,” you should abbreviate that part of the name. Place a period after the acronym and avoid using commas before it.

However, when discussing in a non-formal setting something that won’t have an impact on the organization’s operations, avoid using the abbreviated legal name of the entity.

On the first mention, always capitalize the full name of a government entity and never shorten it. Abbreviations and informal names are acceptable for the second reference, though.

This article has comprehensively explored how to write a company/business name in an essay. Remember, it is vital as a writer, whether for an academic or professional paper, to follow the formatting guidelines as best as possible.

Utilize the information above to grow your writing skills and write better papers, especially when they demand mentioning a company or organization.

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Answered By: Erin McDaniel Last Updated: Aug 07, 2019     Views: 122677

No. You should capitalize but not underline or italicize.

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Comments (8)

  • Good by Hsj on Sep 06, 2016
  • Very helpful! Short and sweet! ;D by Misty on Feb 15, 2018
  • Helped a lot by Canyon on May 08, 2018
  • THX!!! by HI on Oct 17, 2018
  • But do you need a reserved, trademark or copyright sign??? by Mörk on Feb 05, 2019
  • Hi Mörk. No, you do not need a reserved, trademark or copyright sign for a brand name. by Kathryn Park on Feb 05, 2019
  • Direct, correct, and to the point. Thanks. by Elizabeth on Sep 01, 2020
  • Straightforward + Simple = Superb by G-boy on Jan 23, 2023

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Do’s and Don’ts of Using Brand Names in Fiction

Do’s and Don’ts of Using Brand Names in Fiction

Jun 11, 2023 by Carol Van Den Hende & Deborah C. Mortimer published in Writing

how do you write a brand name in an essay

Disclaimer: DIY MFA does not provide legal, tax accounting, or financial advice. In making decisions regarding whether and when to use brand names in fiction or other decisions that may have legal and/or financial ramifications, we strongly urge you to speak to a licensed IP attorney for the most accurate information.

As an author, it can be tempting to use real brand names in our fiction. Well-known products create a shortcut to connect with readers because they’re tapping into long-established memory structures. For instance, mention “Slurpee,” and I’m instantly transported to a pickup truck ride to a 7-11 convenience store in the heat of summer. Dress a character in Stella McCartney and the reader may get a sense that that person values luxury and sustainability.

You might wonder, is it okay to use branded product names? I’m pleased that this article shares my own experience and provides guidance from US-based trademark and Intellectual Property (IP) attorney, Deborah Mortimer.

My Goodbye, Orchid series features advertising agency founder Phoenix Walker and beauty industry executive Orchid Paige. These are worlds that I know well from years of partnering with agencies to run brands as a professional marketer. 

In the story, my two characters work together on advertising campaigns. Although they could’ve discussed advertising work on a fictional brand, it added believability to have them converse about a real brand. 

The ideal scenario would be to find a contemporary brand that Phoenix would be excited for his agency to win. As I wrote, I decided that REBBL® Elixirs, a beverage brand that’s at the forefront of sustainability and wellness, would be a perfect fit for my characters who value the environment and health.

I drafted the scenes using REBBL® Brand. Then, through a personal connection, I was able to contact the company. Following several conversations with the marketing team, the company confirmed that they were amenable to my request to include their brand in my debut novel, Goodbye, Orchid.

During the discussions, I shared all of the prose that included REBBL® Elixirs. My respect for the product came through in the scenes, as the mentions were positive and consistent with the brand. The company approved the brand use in the novel.

Before I launched my second novel, Orchid Blooming , I reached out to share an Advanced Reader Copy. Again, the company approved the brand use. The only change they requested was to let me know that they had updated the REBBL acronym to “Roots Extracts Berries Botanicals Love.” 

Not only was the change of the last letter from “Leaves” to “Love” an easy edit, it gave me an idea to add more tension. Here’s the brand mentioned in a scene when the main characters are trying to ignore the chemistry between them and keep their relationship purely professional:

[Phoenix] grinned. An idea struck him. “You’d be a great consultant on the business we want to win.” “Oh, yeah?” [Orchid] chewed and swallowed. “It’s a beverage made with roots, extracts, berries, and botanicals.” “REBBL,” she named the elixir brand. “Plus love. The l is for love.” She lifted a hand to her neck, like the last word had taken her by surprise. “You’re exactly right,” he said.

In addition, the company and I agreed to include a statement on the copyright page of both Goodbye, Orchid and Orchid Blooming . Here’s the line:

REBBL® Elixirs is a trademark of REBBL Inc. and used with permission of the company.

On the copyright page, the brand name is printed in all caps, with the registered trademark symbol ®, followed by the generic descriptor of the category. I was familiar and comfortable with this practice, from the many brands that I’ve led during my marketing career.

They even supported the release by shipping cases of REBBL® Elixirs to Bookstagrammers, who loved the extra touch and included the product in some of their photos, example image here:

how do you write a brand name in an essay

Clearly, not all authors will have access to the brands they want to include. So, let’s hear from Principal Attorney Deborah why companies protect their Intellectual Property so fiercely, and the do’s and don’ts when considering the use of brand names in your fiction. 

Legal Consideration When Using Brand Names in Fiction

Carol’s experience perfectly demonstrates some considerations that must be made when deciding to use brand names in fiction writing. As registered trademark holders, companies are obligated to ensure that their trademarks’ integrity and value are maintained. Infringement isn’t the only concern. The fear of a trademark being tarnished or, worse, genericized is what motivates companies to police the artistic use of their brands, especially in films and literature.

What is a Genericized Trademark?

When a brand name is so widely recognized that it becomes a common term in society, it is known as a genericized trademark. Essentially, the brand name becomes interchangeable with the name of the product itself. VASELINE, Q-TIP, BAND-AID, and KLEENEX are all examples of brand names that have become synonymous with the products themselves. For example, it’s more common that someone would ask for Vaseline than say, “I need petroleum jelly,”—even if they’re not asking for the specific brand.

This phenomenon of genericized trademarks can be both a blessing and a curse for companies. On the one hand, it means that their brand has become so recognizable that it is essentially a household name. On the other hand, it can make it difficult for companies to protect their trademark and prevent others from using their brand name to sell a similar product. 

Some other examples of genericized trademarks include XEROX for photocopying, FRISBEE for flying discs, and ZIPPER for a type of fastener.

Why Is This Important? 

Overall, while having a brand name become a generic term may seem like a measure of success, it’s important for companies to strike a balance between brand recognition and trademark protection. To maintain their trademarks, they must be vigilant and monitor their usage. 

Writers who improperly use brand names, which can lead to genericizing a brand, are vulnerable to lawsuits by big-name companies looking to maintain the strength of their brand.

So how does a writer avoid this trademark pitfall? It’s simple: Just use the generic term for a brand in your writing. 

Here are some common examples:

Generic term

“facial tissue”

“stun gun”

“search engine”

“sports utility vehicle”

How is a Trademark Tarnished?

A trademark is tarnished when it is used in a way that creates a negative association with the brand in the consumer’s mind. This can negatively impact the brand and trademark holder’s business and reputation. A writer can tarnish a trademark in several ways, including: 

  • Making disparaging references to the brand, like having a character complain about the quality of a brand. 
  • Associating the brand with incorrect or vulgar products, like associating a popular brand of sneakers with racy lingerie. 
  • Stating the use of a brand in an unintended or vulgar way, like having a character use a particular brand of cough syrup to get intoxicated.

Guidelines to Consider When Using Registered Trademarks in Writing 

1. regarding trademarks and service marks, using them as proper adjectives rather than nouns or verbs is essential. .

They should always describe a generic noun that defines the product or service. For example, don’t say, “I Xeroxed the document,” but instead, say, “I made a photocopy of the document using a Xerox machine.” 

Keep in mind that a trademark is a company’s brand name associated with the product or service, not the actual product or service. To properly use marks, they should not be pluralized or used in the possessive form unless the trademark itself is plural or possessive. 

2. Always correctly use the trademarked name. 

This means consistently using the appropriate capitalization and symbol (such as ® or ™) where necessary or adding the word “brand” after its use. 

Additionally, a trademarked brand should be distinguished from its generic identifier by setting it apart in bold, italics, or a different font.

3. Always strike a neutral or positive tone when referencing a brand. 

You should avoid negative or vulgar references. Or you should refrain from referencing the brand altogether, using the generic descriptor instead.

4. Always correctly associate the trademarked brand with the products/services it is registered for and its intended use. 

When in doubt, use the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO.gov) website as a reference to look up registered trademarks and the products/services they are registered for. 

Additionally, the USPTO can be used to locate the owner of a registered trademark. Some companies list their particular guidelines for use on their website or who to contact to seek permission for use in literary work. 

5. Be aware of the industry or market in which the trademarked name is used. 

Some industries may have very particular standards for how a trademarked name can be used in artistic work.

If you are unsure how to use a brand names in fiction, consult a legal professional to ensure you are using it correctly and not infringing on any rights.

how do you write a brand name in an essay

Carol Van Den Hende is the award-winning author of the Goodbye, Orchid series. She’s also a speaker, global marketer, digital strategist, Climate Reality Leader and Board Trustee. One secret to her good fortune? Her humorous husband and twins, who prove that love really does conquer all. You can find her on her website or follow her on Twitter , and Facebook . Please sign up for Carol’s newsletter at https://carolvandenhende.com/contact or linktr.ee/cvdh

how do you write a brand name in an essay

Deborah C. Mortimer is the Principal Attorney at Mortimer Legal, PLLC, a NY-based boutique intellectual property law firm focused on protecting the brands, ideas, and creative portfolios of entrepreneurs, businesses, authors, illustrators, and other creatives. 

Visit trademarkyourassets.com or deborahcmortimer.com to learn more. Mortimer Legal PLLC services clients nationwide.

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How to Write Book Titles in Essays: APA, MLA, Chicago Styles

It’s your practical and up-to-point guide on how to write a book title in an essay. You’ll get the formatting rules and examples for citing book and author names in academic papers.

We’ve covered the top three citation styles: APA, Chicago, and MLA.

How to Write the Title of a Book in an Essay

First, remember the general rules of citing book names in academic works.

Here’s how to cite books in essays :

  • Use capitalization. Every word of a book’s name goes in the title case, except prepositions, articles, and coordinating conjunctions.
  • Use italics for longer and independent works. Use double quotations for shorter ones (poems, articles, book chapters, or play acts and scenes).
  • Use single quotations for a book’s title within another title. (When citing monographs about literary works, for example.) 

While capitalization rules depend on the citation style, some general tips have a place to be. Please, no capitalization for:

  • Articles: a, the (unless the book title begins with it)
  • Coordinating conjunctions and prepositions: of, and, or, but, for, to, nor, in, so (unless the book title begins or ends with it)

Subordinating conjunctions (although, unless, because, if) go in capital letters.

How to Write a Book Title in an Essay: APA

APA (American Psychological Association) is the most popular style for citing academic works. It’s common for the social sciences like Education, Psychology, Sociology, and others. The current edition: 7th (2019).

Book titles in APA stand for:

  • Italics. (If a book name includes any punctuation, italicize it too.)
  • Capitalization. (Capitalize all words longer than four letters , regardless of the part of speech. Also, use capital letters for two-part words and those coming after a dash or a colon.)
  • Double quotations instead of italics. (When citing a short work like an article or a poem; when citing a book chapter or when the book is a part of an anthology.)

For example: 

The Lord of the Rings but “The Fellowship of the Ring” (The latter is part of the trilogy.)

Related: How to Cite a Movie in APA Format

How to Write the Name of a Book in an Essay: Chicago

The Chicago Manual of Style is a guide by the University of Chicago. It’s common for fields like History, Fine Arts, and Business. The current edition: 17th (2017).

How to format book titles in Chicago:

  • Italicize longer and independent works; put shorter ones in double quotations.
  • Use italics for punctuation within a title.
  • Capitalize all words except articles (a, the) and ALL prepositions or conjunctions (regardless of length).

For example:

In George Orwell’s 1984 , the author presents a dystopian society characterized by pervasive government surveillance and the suppression of individual freedom. The harrowing events in “Chapter 2,” where Winston Smith begins to rebel against the Party by starting a forbidden diary, mark a pivotal moment in the novel’s exploration of resistance against totalitarianism.

The style resembles the MLA format, but it’s flexible, allowing you to “break the rules if necessary.”

How to Write a Book Title in an Essay: MLA

MLA format stands for the Modern Language Association. It’s common for humanities like Literature, Culture, Linguistics, etc. The current edition: 8th (2016). 

How to format books in MLA:

  • Italicize all words, including punctuation and those of two parts or going after colons and hyphens.
  • Capitalize all words except articles (a, the) , prepositions, and short conjunctions within a book title.
  • Use double quotations instead of italics when writing a book chapter or a part of a book series.

In Little Women , Beth March dies in Chapter 40, “The Valley of the Shadow.”

Formatting Book Author Names in Papers

Use the author’s full name (first and last) to format it in your essay for proper credit.

If a book has two authors, use both last names and initials. For works with three or more authors, use the last name of the first one and add “et all.”

No need to italicize author names in papers.

Why Properly Cite Book Titles in Essays

The short answer:

You won’t get a high grade for an essay. Formatting blunders count as mistakes.

The longer answer:

  • You prove writing skills and an understanding of the rules in academia.
  • Your papers maintain consistency. It’s critical to stick to criteria to prevent confusion. The consistent format for book headings also serves to better scannability and readability.
  • You learn to cite different types of references for your future projects.

Do you italicize book titles?

Yes, you put book titles in italics. Please italicize long and stand-alone works: books, movies, webpages, reports, or music albums. Shorter works’ titles (articles, essays, poems, songs, or book chapters) come in quotations. (1)

Do you underline book titles?

Underlining book titles is an outdated practice. Some still use it in handwritten essays, but it’s not a must-follow rule. Neither APA nor MLA (or Chicago) mentions underlining book names in academic papers.

How to use book title capitalization in texts?

Capitalize every word in a book’s title. Exceptions are articles (a, the), prepositions, and short (three or fewer letters) conjunctions in mid-titles.

Are books italicized in all formatting styles?

Yes, book titles come in italics in all styles: APA, MLA, and Chicago. When citing book chapters or a book as a part of a series, use quotation marks instead.

How to write a book author in an essay?

Use the author’s full name when citing their book in your papers. For works with several authors, mention their last names and initials. Unlike book titles, author names come in standard formatting with no italics.

References:

  • https://english.csuci.edu/resources/essay-writing-essentials.htm
  • Essay samples
  • Essay writing
  • Writing tips

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How To Do In-Text Citations in MLA Format: A Quick Guide for Students

how do you write a brand name in an essay

An in-text citation is a reference to information originating from another source. In-text citations must be used when you summarize, quote, paraphrase or refer to another source within a written document, such as academic literature. 

In-text citations are essential in academic writing. Without them, how would readers verify the information is reliable and accurate? Trustworthy authors include their sources for verifiable information rather than opinions so readers know where the evidence for claims can be explored further.

The Modern Language Association manages MLA style standards with the purpose to “strengthen the study and teaching of language and literature” and standardize how information sources are credited in scholarly writing. Not only does the MLA recommend proper citation format, but it also suggests proper general formatting, including document spacing, margins and font size.

As you begin authoring scholarly works, you’ll find the need to credit sources. Use this quick guide to learn how to do in-text citations in MLA format.

What is MLA format?

How to do in-text citations in mla, how to do a works cited page in mla, common challenges and solutions, tips for effective in-text citations.

MLA citation style is a system for crediting sources in scholarly writing and has been widely used in classrooms, journals and the press since 1931. What began with a three-page style sheet for the MLA’s scholarly journal became a uniform writing style preferred by academics and the editorial media everywhere.

Since its inception, the in-text citation style has changed from a recommended combination of footnotes and in-text citations in MLA format. The 1951 style guide suggested : “If the reference is brief, insert it, within parentheses, in the text itself . . . ; if it is lengthy, put it in a [foot]note.” As technology and society changed, so did the MLA style. In 1995, the document added recommendations for citing CD-ROMs and online databases. In 2016, the MLA published one of the most modern versions of the MLA Handbook , wherein in-text citations in MLA style should now be written according to a template of core elements.

The modern-day components of an in-text citation in MLA format, as of the ninth edition of the MLA Handbook , include:

  • Author’s name
  • Page numbers (if applicable)

These short in-text citations serve as references to a Works Cited list, which should follow a written piece of work and list all sources used in detail.

Authors who correctly use in-text citations in MLA style will prove their credibility, integrity and responsibility to share accurate and reliable information and simultaneously protect themselves from stealing sources and ideas from other writers, also known as plagiarism. Plagiarism is a severe offense , and many institutions have strict rules against the practice .

Now that you understand the importance of citations let’s review how to use in-text citations in MLA style. When referring to another author’s work in your own written text, you must use parenthetical citations, including the source in parentheses within the sentence that refers to the work. 

If a source does not have page numbers, use another numbering system, such as chapters, sections, scenes or articles that are explicitly numbered. If there are no numbered divisions within the work, simply cite the author’s name.

The basic format for in-text citations in MLA writings is as follows:

  • The pail of water was at the top of the hill, which Jack and Jill decided to climb (Mother Goose 1) .

If including a direct quote from a source, enclose the entire quote within quotation marks to avoid confusing the reader. The in-text citation should fall outside the quotation marks at the end of the sentence before the sentence’s period. Paraphrased information does not need quotation marks but does need proper in-text citation.

It should be noted that any information included in your in-text citations must refer to the source information on the Works Cited page listed at the end of your document.

If you’re wondering how to list the references on the Works Cited page, the format varies depending on the type, such as a book or a website.

How to cite a book in MLA

  • Author last name, first name. Title. Publisher, year.

How to cite an article in MLA

  • Author last name, first name. “Article title.” Publication, volume/issue, publication month. Year, page numbers. Database, reference URL.

How to cite a website in MLA

  • Author last name, first name. “Title.” Publication, publication month. Year, web page URL.

While constructing your paper, you may encounter a few citation challenges, such as a source with multiple authors or no known author. Though this can be confusing, this is how to use in-text citations in MLA style for challenging situations.

How to cite multiple authors in MLA

To write an in-text citation in MLA format for a source with multiple authors , simply list each author’s last name before the page number. Sources with more than two authors should cite the first author, followed by “et al.” For example:

  • 2 authors: (Hall and Oates 1)
  • 3+ authors: (Hall et al. 1)

How to cite sources with no author in MLA

Sources with no author must match the first listed element within its Works Cited entry. For example:

  • In-text citation: (Baa, Baa, Black Sheep 0:15)
  • Works Cited entry: “Baa, Baa, Black Sheep.” Spotify . https://open.spotify.com/track/1Zpe8ef70Wx20Bu2mLdXc1?si=7TlgCyj1SYmP6K-uy4isuQ

How to cite indirect or secondary sources in MLA

A secondary source is a publication that provides second-hand information from other researchers. You may use secondary sources in your research, though it’s best practice to search for the primary source that supplied the first-hand information, so cite it directly.

If you don’t have access to the original source, include the original author and the author of the secondary source , with the abbreviation “qtd. in” indicating where you accessed the secondary quote. “Qtd. in” stands for “quoted in.” For example:

  • (qtd. in Baa, Baa, Black Sheep 0:15)

Using et al. in MLA citations

As described above, et al. is used instead of listing all names of three or more authors, editors or contributors within your citations. It can also cite collections of essays, stories or poems with three or more contributors. When using et al., you should always use the last name of the first writer listed on the source. For example:

  • (Earth et al. “September” 0:15)
  • Contributors: Earth, Wind and Fire

The most crucial part of in-text citations in MLA style is to keep a consistent and accurate format within the entire body of work. Always use the same punctuation within the in-text citations and the same formatting for sources of the same type. Ensure that double-checking citations is part of your overall proofreading process. All citations, like the written work, should be precise and error-free.

Various tools exist to help you collect and manage your sources and citations. Popular tools include Zotero , EndNote and RefWorks . These tools can create citations for you and keep track of your research documents so you can reference them again if needed. It’s wise to track your sources as they’re included in your writing rather than compiling and citing them when finished.

More resources for writing in MLA format

For the most up-to-date in-text citation information, refer to the MLA Handbook , which can be found online, in bookstores and libraries. The most recent edition of the MLA Handbook is the 9th edition, published in spring 2021.

The MLA also operates the MLA Handbook Plus , a subscription-based digital platform that offers all of the content included in the print edition, plus annual updates and valuable resources, and can be accessed anywhere, whether you’re traveling, at home or in the classroom.

The MLA Style Center offers free online sources on the official MLA style, including templates, questions and answers and advice.

Furman University offers trained consultants for students on campus to provide one-on-one or small-group assistance for writing projects at the Writing & Media Lab (WML). You can make an appointment with a WML Consultant or stop by the James B. Duke Library in the Center for Academic Success (room 002) for on-demand help (subject to scheduling).

The Writing & Media Lab can help with many tasks related to student writing and multimedia projects, including:

  • Brainstorming a paper or project
  • Outlining your ideas
  • Reading through your writing
  • Creating a presentation or poster
  • Helping you practice your presentation
  • Planning a video or podcast
  • Revising, proofreading, or editing

Mastering the art of in-text citations in MLA format will ensure that you, as an academic author, will portray yourself as a serious, responsible and factual writer who uses accurate and reliable sources.

The perspectives and thoughts shared in the Furman Blog belong solely to the author and may not align with the official stance or policies of Furman University. All referenced sources were accurate as of the date of publication.

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Are Band Names Italicized? (APA, AP, MLA, and Chicago)

The question of how to cite a band name in academic writing is one that confuses many people. This article looks at how to insert band names into a text in a range of formal writing styles.

Are Band Names Italicized?

Band names are not put in italics for APA, AP, MLA, or Chicago styles. However, the names of songs and albums are usually in either italics or quotation marks. Furthermore, when writing a band name in the text, a “definite article” such as “the” should be lower case.

are band names italicized

When writing band names in an essay or a paper, you do not need to put the name of the band in capital letters. However, any “stand-alone” works that the band produced, such as songs and albums, should be in italics.

The guidance doesn’t really vary between the different style guides, which all have the same rule regarding band names.

However, some guides state that song names should be in italics, others like AP say they should be in quotation marks, and others say both.

This kind of specific detail is often down to the discretion of the institution or the teacher; however, as a general rule of thumb, it is best to use italics for APA, MLA, and Chicago styles and quotation marks for AP Style.

Here are some examples of how citing a band name in a paper would look:

  • The day I saw the Who in concert was the day that they released “ My Generation”, so people were keen to hear that song.
  • The day I saw the Who in concert was the day that they released My Generation, so people were keen to hear that song.
  • Many believe that the Rolling Stones were much better in concert than the Beatles.

Are Band Names Quoted?

For the most part, band names are not placed in quotation marks in any style of formal writing . It is not necessary to do anything to the band name other than removing the capital letter from the word “The” if you are referring to the band in-text.

The only time you would use quotation marks on a band name is if you are directly quoting something like:

  • I looked up and saw a sign in Time Square which read “The Beatles Live in Concert”.

However, if you are writing about the concert and not quoting, there would be no quotation marks.

  • I went to see the Beatles in Times Square in 1965, and it was the best concert I have ever seen.

Are Band Names Italicized in APA Style?

In APA Style, it is unnecessary to put band names in italics under any circumstances . However, if you mention a song or album name in APA Style, then that should go in italics.

Here are some examples of how a band name would look if used in-text:

  • The album St Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band was the most successful album by the Beatles.
  • I am glad I got a chance to see Oasis before they split up.
  • OK Computer was the album that propelled Radiohead to worldwide fame.

Are Band Names Italicized in AP Style?

In AP Style, it is not necessary to use italics for band names. As a matter of fact, it is not required to use italics for anything in AP Style because in the past, when “news” stories were sent via the “wire”, it was impossible to include italics. Of course, this is no longer the case today, but AP Style still does not use italics.

For individual songs or albums by a band or artist, the name should appear in quotation marks. Here are examples of how a band name would look in AP Style:

  • The Stone Roses, who released the smash hit “Fool’s Gold”, were one of the most successful bands of the early 90s.
  • The album “Dark Side of the Moon” was released by Pink Floyd in 1973.

Are Band Names Italicized in Chicago Style?

When citing a band in a piece of formal writing that follows the Chicago Style, it is not necessary to use italics for the band name . However, if you mention an album or song name, you should use italics for that. Also, if the word “the” appears in the band name, you should change it to lowercase when citing in-text.

Here are some examples of how a band name would look in Chicago Style:

  • The album Please Please Me was the first full-length release by the Beatles.
  • The first Radiohead album was called On a Friday and was released in 1986.

Are Band Names Italicized in MLA Style?

In MLA Style, it is not necessary to use italics for band names ; however, you should use italics for song and album names. Also, if the band name contains the word “the” at the start, this should be in lowercase when citing the name of a band in-text.

Here is how a band name would look in MLA Style:

  • The album Let it Be was the final release of the Beatles.
  • The best-selling album of the band REM was Murmur, which sold almost 2 million copies.

Are Artist Names Italicized?

The rules for artist names in APA, MLA, AP, and Chicago are the same for those of band names, which means that they should not be in italics under any circumstances . However, their work, such as songs, albums, and films, is in italics and sometimes in quotation marks, depending on the individual specifications set by the institution or professor.

Here is how an in-text citation would look for an artist’s name:

  • I am glad I saw David Bowie perform live in concert before he died.
  • The singer, Ian Brown of the Stone Roses, sang the lead vocal on the UNKLE song Be There.
  • The singer, Ian Brown of the Stone Roses, sang the lead vocal on the UNKLE song “ Be There”.

Final Thoughts

In formal writing and essays, using italics for band names or artist names in APA, MLA, AP, or Chicago Style is not necessary. However, when mentioning songs or albums, for MLA, Chicago, and APA, they should be in italics, and for AP, they should be in quotation marks.

martin lassen dam grammarhow

Martin holds a Master’s degree in Finance and International Business. He has six years of experience in professional communication with clients, executives, and colleagues. Furthermore, he has teaching experience from Aarhus University. Martin has been featured as an expert in communication and teaching on Forbes and Shopify. Read more about Martin here .

  • Are Video Game Titles Italicized? (APA, AP, and Chicago)
  • Are Magazine Titles Italicized? (APA, AP, and Chicago)
  • Are Podcast Titles Italicized? (APA, AP, MLA, and Chicago)
  • Are TV Shows Italicized? (APA, AP, MLA, and Chicago)

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Essays About Your Name: Top 5 Examples and 6 Prompts

Every person’s name is special. Read the following essays about your name for examples and prompts to discover how you can create a thoughtful and personal piece.

Whether given or chosen, names have a powerful hold over each person. They can be curious mysteries, reminders of painful pasts, fond monikers, or personal treasures. Like our faintest scars and mental states, they also have deep histories ingrained into our very being. They can become means by which we trace our ancestors, create opportunities, or cherish our present situations. Your name is more than a means of calling your attention. It can convey an abstract idea of your personhood, experiences, and beliefs.

For example, what comes to mind when you hear the name Marilyn Monroe ? Most people think of the iconic blond bombshell from the 1950s to the early 1960s. Depending on how much you know about her, you may know her as a bright and determined woman or a sweet but ditzy character, which she often played in TV and film roles. Her name alone indicates her accolades, skills, and perceived personality.

5 Essay Examples

1. long essay on what’s in a name by prasanna, 2. the story of my name by rong xiaoqing, 3. the mystery of carl miller by sarah miller, 4. name and identity by jennifer wang, 5. call you by your name by roxanne krystalli, 1. the power of nicknames, 2. my unique and interesting name, 3. what it’s like being named after popular people, 4. why i chose this nickname, 5. cultural names and their meanings, 6. my name if i were from a different place.

“In a deep sense what creates the true meaning and power of a name is the worth of the individual or thing as reflected in the outer world.”

Prasanna divides her essay into three parts, explaining how people receive their names, how these monikers affect their identities, and how powerful names can be. The essay title was lifted from William Shakespeare’s “ Romeo and Juliet ,” reiterating Juliet’s profound line, “What’s in a name? What we call a rose by any other name would smell as sweet.” This script refers to the reality that names’ importance is directly related to the unique qualities someone possesses.

For help with your essays, check out our round-up of the best essay checkers .

“Those who read my name did not know how to pronounce it, and those who heard it did not know how to write it.”

Rong shares her struggles of being a Chinese American and the complications of her name. Her name contains two of the most complicated Chinese characters that she found difficult to write when she was young, plus it was hard to pronounce in English. However, when Rong learned the meaning of her name, she fell in love with it.

In the next section of her essay, she talks about instances where names are more than names, referring to cases such as a parent losing custody of their children for giving them Nazi names. Rong also includes relevant studies that connect names and race and the times people deliberately mispronounced her name to be cruel. She concludes that she’s still growing and has all the time in the world to learn more about herself.

Looking for more? Check out these essays about names and essays about self .

“The last name Miller says nothing about me, but if pressed I would say I appreciate the way it evokes a beautiful neutrality, and the way it reminds me that all of us could so easily have been someone else.”

The author, Sarah Miller, only knows part of the story behind her ancestors. In her essay, she shares a few facts about her father’s birth and what she knew of her grandmother, then she recalls how she often asked about her grandfather, Carl Miller. The essay focuses on the author’s curiosity about Carl Miller and her emotional journey about accepting that she might never learn more about him.

“No others show me being stretched between two very different cultures and places—the ‘Jennifer’ clashing with the ‘Wang,’ the ‘Wang’ fighting with the ‘Jennifer.’”

In this short essay, Wang describes her internal confusion between her two cultures, disclosing how she struggles to be in the United States as a Chinese woman. She remembers how she wandered toy aisles looking for dolls with the same skin tone as hers and how she turned to shun her Asian heritage because she didn’t understand it. While the essay centers around Wang trying to introduce herself, her writing echoes the dilemma many young immigrants still face today.

“By the time I went to college, Roxani had been left behind. I was fully Roxanne by then, until one day my roommate beckoned: “Rooooox, do you want to watch an episode of something with me?” My father had an aversion to nicknames and never called me anything short of my full name: Roxani.”

Krystalli talks about how her name transitioned from the Greek Roxani to Roxanne to several other variations and then back again. She shares her life experiences and thoughts about these names as she grew up and gained new monikers. By the end of her essay, Krystalli tells the reader how she yearns to become Roxani again and reconnect with her Greek roots.

6 Prompts for Writing Essays About Your Name

Your nickname has a history that is as unique as yours. Nicknames are unpredictable and can sometimes be challenging to accept. For example, some children often pick nicknames based on their peer’s appearance, particularly if something stands out to them. However, nicknames can often be a sign of affection; naming someone with a nickname can be a way to show your friendship and close bond.

With this prompt, share how you dealt with any given nicknames you didn’t like. You can also speak about a short backstory of how others chose these nicknames. Explain your thoughts when you felt like you had no choice but to take other people’s nicknames for you. 

Whether your parents got creative in naming you or you chose a one-of-a-kind name for yourself, those with unique names share distinct experiences. For example, people may rarely pronounce or read it correctly. Others may have difficulty spelling your name when they need to write it down. 

In this prompt, share your experiences that connect to your unique name. Talk about the most interesting and memorable instances you remember and if you expect them to happen again.

Essays About Your Name: What it’s like being named after popular people?

If your parents are die-hard fans and decided to name you after their favorite book character, musician, or public figure, your name can feel like a borrowed one. Although some enjoy sharing names with well-known people, others would rather have a unique name. 

Delve into people’s reactions when they learn your name in your essay. Discuss how you’ve handled their jokes, or share the questions you already anticipate once they realize where your name came from.

Your name can change people’s perception of you, and choosing a nickname gives you control over that. This prompt is excellent if you have a nickname that has no connection with your given name. It’s also a great conversation starter. In your essay, explain why you chose that moniker and what it means to you. 

You can also add how people reacted before and after they learned the history of it. Your nickname doesn’t have to have a deep history. It can be as simple as earning the nickname “Cookie” because you like to eat cookies.

Essays About Your Name: Cultural names and their meanings

In some cultures, people still practice giving traditional names or nicknames to children, and you may belong to a culture that does the same. If you want to share this experience with your readers, discuss your name in this essay. Explain the language your name comes from, what it means, and why you received it. You can also give other examples, like the nicknames of your siblings, cousins, or ancestors.

Appreciation of another culture can push us to ponder what we’ll be called if we were from that group. If you’ve had an intense interest and appreciation for another culture or country, you may have already thought about how you want to be addressed. Share the name you chose, its meaning, and why you picked it. This also extends to fictional or fantasy worlds or cultures. 

Tip: If writing an essay sounds like a lot of work, simplify it. Write a simple 5 paragraph essay instead. For help picking your next essay topic, check out our 20 engaging essay topics about family .

how do you write a brand name in an essay

Maria Caballero is a freelance writer who has been writing since high school. She believes that to be a writer doesn't only refer to excellent syntax and semantics but also knowing how to weave words together to communicate to any reader effectively.

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COMMENTS

  1. How to Write Brand Names in an Essay: A Comprehensive Guide

    Do: Write Brand Names Clearly. When introducing a brand name in your essay, make sure it is spelled correctly and clearly identifiable. Use proper capitalization and punctuation to maintain professionalism in your writing. Don't: Overuse Brand Names. While it's essential to mention brand names when relevant, avoid overloading your essay with ...

  2. How should I style brand names?

    When the dictionary indicates that a brand name (e.g., Dumpster, Windbreaker) has entered the language as a common noun, it is styled lowercase without italics: We discarded the items in the dumpster. When traveling to Chicago, I always pack a windbreaker. Filed Under: capitalization, italics, names. MLA Style Center, the only authorized Web ...

  3. How to Use Brand Names in Your Writing: Dos and Don'ts

    How you write brand names in an essay or any piece of writing matters. It reflects your attention to detail and adherence to writing conventions. Do: Write Brand Names as They Are. 1. Write brand names in an essay exactly as they appear: If a brand name is spelled in a certain way with specific capitalization, replicate it faithfully. For ...

  4. proper nouns

    GQ Apr. 1997: 111-12. It seems to me that "Future Shop" in your example corresponds either to the product name "The Fitness Fragrance" or to the company name "Ralph Lauren" in the second MLA example. And since MLA neither italicizes nor puts quotation marks around either of those names, I would surmise that you shouldn't do so with "Future ...

  5. Using brand names

    Generally, it is okay to reference brand names in writing. The main point to remember is brand names need to be treated like other proper nouns. This means brand names should be capitalized. (Generic names do not require capitalization.) Example: I had such a bad cold last week that I sneezed my way through three boxes of Kleenex.

  6. Ultimate Guide: How to Write Brand Names

    The research has shown that 72% of the best brand names appeared from words or acronyms. There are enough examples in the branding world: Tesco, BMW, KFC, Adidas; You can also use a few short, similar-sounding words in the title: Chop-Chop, Coca-Cola, and TikTok. Use the briefing to include all the details. With its help, the contractor will ...

  7. How to Write a Brand Name in an Essay

    Simply writing the name. You can simply write the company's name when referencing the results of its research or the words of its representatives. For example: "According to NASA, …". There's no need to write the full name of the company in the paper, but you can use it later on the References page or special notes.

  8. MLA Titles

    Use quotation marks around the title if it is part of a larger work (e.g. a chapter of a book, an article in a journal, or a page on a website). All major words in a title are capitalized. The same format is used in the Works Cited list and in the text itself. When you use the Scribbr MLA Citation Generator, the correct formatting and ...

  9. How to Write a Company Name in an Essay: A Detailed Guide

    In reality, all you need to do is capitalize those words according to how the organization in question does it. All you need to do is write brand names exactly how they look on their logos and websites, and you'll be good. If you're just mentioning the company name, you don't need to cite it. The second myth is that you need to create a ...

  10. How to Write Brand Names in an Essay: Tips to Make It Easier

    Why Using Brand Names in an Essay Remains a Notable Challenge to Learners. You need to maintain consistency; One of the key factors that you should consider if you are writing an essay that contains brand names is how the brand name is written. Most companies have a specific way they style brand names.

  11. The Beginner's Guide to Writing an Essay

    The essay writing process consists of three main stages: Preparation: Decide on your topic, do your research, and create an essay outline. Writing: Set out your argument in the introduction, develop it with evidence in the main body, and wrap it up with a conclusion. Revision: Check your essay on the content, organization, grammar, spelling ...

  12. How to Reference Company Names in Papers

    To reference a company's name in APA style, you can simply input the name of the company within the paper. For instance, if you're citing a quote, example or statistic from IBM, then in your paper, you can say, "according to IBM" or whatever company it is you're mentioning. You can also use a parenthetical citation.

  13. How to write brand names

    Write the brand name exactly as the company does. You may wish to do this if the company is a client or partner, or if they have expressed a strong preference for the format of their name and you don't want to upset them. Also, as rules go, it's certainly the simplest to follow. 2. Bring the brand name in line with standard English.

  14. How to Write a Company/ Business Name in an Essay

    Simply Writing the Name. You can use their name when citing the company's study findings or spokespersons' statements. For illustration, use "According to NBC…". Writing the complete name of the business in the essay is not essential; however, you may use the full name on the References page or in additional notes.

  15. In MLA format, do you have to underline or italicize a brand name

    No, you do not need a reserved, trademark or copyright sign for a brand name. by Kathryn Park on Feb 05, 2019 Direct, correct, and to the point.

  16. Swisher Library: MLA Guide 9th ed.: Formatting the Author and Title

    Formatting the Author. If no author given, skip the author and start with the title of source. Last Name, First Name. Smith, John. Last Name, First Name, and First Name Last Name. Smith, John, and Mary Fields. Use the name of the association or company as the author. If a work is written and published by an organization, list the organization ...

  17. How to Structure an Essay

    The basic structure of an essay always consists of an introduction, a body, and a conclusion. But for many students, the most difficult part of structuring an essay is deciding how to organize information within the body. This article provides useful templates and tips to help you outline your essay, make decisions about your structure, and ...

  18. How To Use "Brand Name" In A Sentence: How and When to Use

    2. Punctuation: When using a brand name in a sentence, it should be treated like any other proper noun. This means that it should not be followed by a comma, unless required for grammatical reasons. For instance, "I love my iPhone.". Here, the brand name "iPhone" is not followed by a comma. 3.

  19. Are Company Names Italicized? (APA, AP, MLA, and Chicago)

    Final Thoughts. When citing a company name in a piece of writing, you do not need to use italics for APA, AP, MLA, or Chicago styles. Furthermore, you should write the company name with the same combination of lower and uppercase characters that appear in the official version of the name. Martin holds a Master's degree in Finance and ...

  20. Do's and Don'ts of Using Brand Names in Fiction

    When a brand name is so widely recognized that it becomes a common term in society, it is known as a genericized trademark. Essentially, the brand name becomes interchangeable with the name of the product itself. VASELINE, Q-TIP, BAND-AID, and KLEENEX are all examples of brand names that have become synonymous with the products themselves.

  21. How to Write Book Titles in Essays: APA, MLA, Chicago Styles

    Why Properly Cite Book Titles in Essays. The short answer: You won't get a high grade for an essay. Formatting blunders count as mistakes. The longer answer: You prove writing skills and an understanding of the rules in academia. Your papers maintain consistency. It's critical to stick to criteria to prevent confusion.

  22. How To Do In-Text Citations in MLA Format: A Quick Guide for Students

    The most crucial part of in-text citations in MLA style is to keep a consistent and accurate format within the entire body of work. Always use the same punctuation within the in-text citations and the same formatting for sources of the same type. Ensure that double-checking citations is part of your overall proofreading process.

  23. Are Band Names Italicized? (APA, AP, MLA, and Chicago)

    Band names are not put in italics for APA, AP, MLA, or Chicago styles. However, the names of songs and albums are usually in either italics or quotation marks. Furthermore, when writing a band name in the text, a "definite article" such as "the" should be lower case. When writing band names in an essay or a paper, you do not need to put ...

  24. Essays About Your Name: Top 5 Examples And 6 Prompts

    In this prompt, share your experiences that connect to your unique name. Talk about the most interesting and memorable instances you remember and if you expect them to happen again. 3. What It's Like Being Named After Popular People. In your essay, delve into people's reactions when they learn your name in your essay.