mechanical engineering phd interview questions

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27 Mechanical Engineering...

27 Mechanical Engineering Interview Questions (and Great Answers)

13 min read · Updated on November 21, 2023

Don't get caught flat-footed when you're asked these tough mechanical engineering interview questions

Okay, so you've finally earned that mechanical engineering interview opportunity and are getting yourself prepared to make the best possible first impression. You know you have the skills for the job and are eager to discuss the finer points of your resume, but are you really ready for that interview ? You may not be if you haven't taken the time to prepare for the inevitable mechanical engineering interview questions that you're likely to encounter.

In this post, we'll explain why employers ask these common mechanical engineering interview questions. We'll also examine 27 of the latest mechanical engineering interview questions you may be asked and provide sample answers for you to study or customize to fit your needs.

Why do interviewers ask mechanical engineering interview questions?

Job interview questions and answers for mechanical engineering cover a lot of ground. Employers have multiple goals during this type of interview, of course, so questions can range from the general to the technical or behavioral in nature. The reason for that is simple: hiring managers will want to test you to discover two things:

Do you have the right skills for their open position?

Do you have what it takes to be a good fit within their company culture?

27 common mechanical engineering interview questions and answers

To help you prepare for your interview, we've compiled 27 of the most common mechanical engineering interview questions and sample answers that you can modify for your own needs.

Basic mechanical engineering interview questions

1. What inspired you to pursue a career in mechanical engineering?

“Designing and building things has been the central focus of my entire life. Even as a child, I was always fascinated by how things worked and was always looking for ways to take things apart, figure out how to improve them, and then put them back together. As I got older and realized the important role mechanical engineering plays in improving and advancing society, I knew that it was the only career path for me.”

2. What do you view as the most important skill any Mechanical Engineer can possess?

“Creative design skills are obviously important if you want to innovate, but I would have to say that a firm grasp on the engineering fundamentals is even more vital. You must understand the rules before you can even begin to push those boundaries.”

3. Can you tell me about your most memorable engineering project?

“I've enjoyed most of the projects I've worked on, but one of my most memorable occurred in college during a competition. My team designed an amphibious rover with a robotic arm that ended up being even more impressive than we envisioned. It did everything we designed it to do - except win the competition!”

4. Describe a project that you viewed as a failure

“Early in my career, I was part of a team that was tasked with adding several new capabilities to an existing product. We ended up way behind schedule and never managed to get the team cohesion we needed to create a workable solution. That experience taught me the value of solid team leadership and an unrelenting focus on communication over ego.”

5. Which do you prefer: working as part of a team or working on solo projects?

“I've experienced both and am comfortable in either setting. If I had to pick a preference, however, I'd take the collaborative approach. I like to think that I have enough self-awareness to recognize that my ideas and vision can always be improved by input from colleagues when we're all focused on a shared goal.”

6. Describe the process you use to avoid design flaws

“Most flaws can be avoided by ensuring that you plan and design the project the right way. It's vital to first outline the scope of the project and then establish your objectives, specifications, and project constraints in a clear and understandable way. Once the initial design is completed, I like to have the team test each aspect of the plan at every stage of development, to catch any flaws as early as possible. Finally, everything needs to be documented at every step.”

7. What techniques do you use to help the average person understand complex designs?

“This is an important issue for me, since I've been responsible for explaining designs to clients who often lack in-depth understanding of the terms used in our field. I've found that the key is to break those design ideas down into their simplest terms, avoiding any industry jargon. I also try to use a question-and-answer format and provide simple process flow charts to illustrate concepts.”

8. What do you think your biggest challenge would be in this position?

“Initially, the biggest challenge is acclimating to a new team and new work processes. I'm confident, though, that my experience and interpersonal skills will enable me to get up to speed quickly so that I can focus on providing real value to the team.”

9. What strategies do you use to keep pace with technological changes?

“That can be a challenge, but there are a whole host of tools available for Mechanical Engineers to stay up to date with emerging technologies and trends. Personally, I'm an avid reader of industry publications and follow several key thought leaders in the industry. I also try to attend as many conferences as I can when they're in the area, to make sure that I keep abreast of changes. Finally, I'm committed to continuing education, including formal online courses and self-study that can enhance my knowledge base and spark new ideas.”

Mechanical engineering technical interview questions

10. Can you define a process flow diagram for me?

“Sure. We use process flow diagrams to help us visualize process steps and components. The reason why we use a PFD is to ensure that everyone involved in a project can easily understand the order in which tasks need to be completed and how each step of the process contributes to us being able to achieve our goal. A good PFD provides a clear illustration of the process components, activity order, how different activities are connected, and the final expected result.”

11. What's the second law of thermodynamics?

“In simple terms, it declares that any change in energy from one form to another increases entropy in a closed system. In practical terms, Engineers understand that this law is why heat always naturally moves from higher temperature bodies to lower temperature bodies. One example of how we apply this law is the heat engine model. Those engines rely on systems that continuously cycle between hotter and colder temperatures to move pistons. The second law directly determines the maximum work produced by those changing temperatures.”

12. Name three types of brakes and describe their uses

“Well, there's the mechanical brake, which is the most common one we use due to its ability to diminish kinetic energy and create friction that eliminates the force used to generate continued movement. Then there's the electric brake, which is effective in many of the newer electric vehicles and hybrid models. That brake uses bursts of current to bring moving parts to a state of inactivity. Finally, there's the hydraulic brake, which relies on hydraulic fluid to transfer pressure to the brake controls. Those brakes are generally seen in certain trucks and automobiles.”

13. What CAD system do you prefer, and why?

“I've been a big fan of Solidworks - probably because it's the one I've spent the most time using. But I'm also fond of AutoCAD and have had some experience using Autodesk Fusion too. I think they're all easy to align with my preferred workflow, so I'm comfortable with each. My experience has been that I can readily adapt to any solid modeler as long as it integrates well with other software packages.”

14. What are the different types of fits used here in the US?

“There are three: the interference fit, clearance fit, and transition fit. The interference fit is a tight fit with overlap between two mated parts when the components are forced together. The clearance fit offers more freedom of movement between multiple components. The transition fit is a happy middle ground between those two options and can be designed to allow some minor clearance or interference, depending on the design need.”

15. What priority do you place on tolerance considerations during your design process?

“It's a primary consideration during my design process since unacceptable deviation from our intended measurements can create fatal flaws in any product. My goal is to ensure that all components in the design are compatible and within acceptable tolerances, to ensure that parts not only fit but are also functional.”

16. What are the differences between creep and fatigue?

“Both are important concerns in any design. Creep is something that occurs over time due to constant stress and high temperatures. It can occur slowly, at a steady pace, or even an accelerated rate. The result is the same: permanent deformation in the form of a rupture or breaking of the materials. Fatigue is exactly what it sounds like, and occurs when cycles of stress repeat over time, resulting in material failure.

Creep is often seen in high-temperature environments like furnaces and boilers in industrial locations. Fatigue is a common problem with structures that are under constant and repetitive stress like roads, bridges, and various components in aircraft.”

17. Explain mechanical refrigeration to me

“Mechanical refrigeration involves the use of a heat exchange system to remove air from a specific area and condense it to exhaust its heat. That condensed air has reduced temperature that can then be returned to the designated area in a variety of ways. There are several different types of mechanical refrigeration systems, including magnetic, cyclical, non-cyclical, and thermoelectric applications.”

18. What are the main guidelines for casting design?

“Proper design of castings needs to follow a few guidelines. The primary focus needs to be on keeping things simple. Sections should be uniformly thick, avoiding any sudden variations in thickness. Curved shapes can be used to help increase the casting's ability to bear stress. Large and flat surfaces are generally avoided.”

Behavioral mechanical engineering interview questions

19. Tell me about a time when you had to work with a difficult colleague

“I had a coworker a few years ago who was overly competitive. As a result, he tended to hold back critical information during collaborations to maintain more control over the process. After one of our projects got off to a spectacularly bad start, I decided to encourage more communication with him and try to forge a stronger collaborative bond. I even took him out to lunch to develop some personal rapport. It took some time, but we eventually got on the same page and created some incredible designs together.”

20. How do you deal with project setbacks?

“Every project comes with its own unique challenges. When setbacks occur, I try to focus on the team's strengths to identify ways that we can overcome those problems and get back on track. The key thing is to avoid panic and remain proactive rather than reactive. In most instances, mindset and proper goal-orientation can ensure that setbacks don't become disasters.”

21. What communication style do you prefer when dealing with managers?

“Direct and honest. I'm a big fan of straightforward communication and appreciate open lines of dialogue that enable everyone to remain on the same page. While I'm intently focused on the details of any design project, I am also keenly aware of the big picture. With open communication lines, my teams have always been able to remain focused on the mission and broader company goals.”

22. What process do you use to prioritize tasks when you're under pressure?

“I rely on my planner to keep me on task and focused on priorities, so there are rarely times when I feel as though outside pressure prevents me from maintaining my focus on the right tasks. At the same time, however, I am adept at juggling priorities to accommodate unexpected requests from management.”

23. What techniques do you use to remain motivated?

“Obviously, that can be a problem for anyone. Whenever I feel my motivation dropping, I try to focus on why I love what I do. By refocusing on the goals that I'm trying to achieve, and why, I can usually renew my sense of inspiration and get back on task.”

24. What is the most important thing your career has taught you?

“Teamwork. When I was younger, I sometimes struggled to set aside my ego and rely on others. Over time, I came to realize the importance of collaboration and being part of a dynamic team.”

25. Tell me about a time when deadlines were changed and how you dealt with the challenge

“ I'm reminded of an instance in which a client was ready to pull a project unless we could shorten the deadline by two weeks. I had to gather the team together to brainstorm a solution that modified our project processes just enough to meet his new expectations.”

26. What process do you use to deal with negative feedback?

“I always begin by separating myself from the criticism, since I'm more than just the job I do. Doing that enables me to focus on the substance of what's being said, so that I can identify the root cause of any performance failures and come up with viable solutions to make needed changes. That approach has helped me learn to appreciate all types of feedback and use that criticism to improve my performance.”

27. Can you tell me about a time when you used problem-solving skills to overcome a design challenge?

“During one project, we encountered an unexpected deviation in tolerance as we were beginning the design implementation phase. I gathered the team so that we could brainstorm a solution and identify the issue before we developed a fatally flawed product. My recommendation was that we start by analyzing the design from start to finish, going back over the entire workflow to check our numbers. We quickly realized where the tiny error was and how that mistake created a cascade of issues for the design. Once we fixed that, the entire design came together perfectly.”

Make sure you're prepared for the typical mechanical engineering interview questions

You can never be too prepared for an interview - and that's especially true for a position in mechanical engineering. The good news is that studying these types of questions and practicing your answers can help you to gain the confidence you need to successfully present yourself as a great candidate for the job. Develop the right answers to these general, behavioral, and technical questions before your interview, and you can increase your odds of making a great impression that lands you the job you deserve.

Are you confident in your ability to navigate today's grueling interview environment? Bolster your interview skills and enjoy greater job search success by reaching out to our career coaching experts today!

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PhD Admissions

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Instructions for applying to the Stanford ME PhD Program are below.

Note for current Stanford MS students interested in adding a PhD program: please contact the ME Student Services Office about the necessary paperwork and relevant policies. If you are a current master's student in the Stanford Mechanical Engineering department, to apply for the PhD, you must complete paperwork prior to conferring the MS degree. Failure to do so will require an application through the online admissions process along with all other external applicants.

Application Deadlines

Start Quarter: Autumn 2024-2025 Application Date: December 1, 2023
Start Quarter: Winter 2023-2024* Application Date: October 23, 2023
Start Quarter: Spring 2023-2024* Application Date: January 29, 2024

*Students wishing to apply to the PhD program to start in Winter or Spring quarter must contact [email protected] directly first. Please do not start or submit a Winter or Spring application without first contacting our office.

Application Requirements

To be eligible for admission to the PhD program, applicants must:

Have earned, or be in the process of earning, a BS degree in engineering, physics, or comparable science program.
Submit all application materials by the application deadline.
Meet minimum TOEFL requirements, if applicable. Review the information on the Graduate Admissions website for more information.

All students interested in pursuing a PhD in Mechanical Engineering must use the online Stanford Graduate Admissions Application . Your application must include all of the materials listed below and be received by Stanford by the application deadline.

Required Application Documents

Online Application
Application fee

Statement of Purpose

PhD Supplementary Information form (within application)
3 Letters of Recommendation
Unofficial transcripts from all colleges and/or universities attended for more than one year
Official TOEFL scores, if applicable

The GRE will not be accepted for applications received through September 2024. We ask that you do not submit or reference GRE scores in your application, as they will not be considered. (Updated July 2023)

Your Statement of Purpose should identify personal and professional goals. It should also discuss your development to date and your intentions regarding graduate study and life beyond Stanford. The ME Graduate Admissions Committee reads your Statement of Purpose with interest because, along with the letters of recommendation, it offers insight into who you are as an individual. Your Statement of Purpose should not exceed two pages in length, single spaced.

PhD Supplementary Information form

The PhD Supplementary Information form within the application asks applicants to briefly address five prompts (1000 characters max):

List up to three Stanford ME faculty members whose research interests overlap with your research interests and are potential PhD advisors. (Select from list)
Briefly comment on your motivation for seeking a PhD in Mechanical Engineering.
Briefly describe an activity (academic or not) that you initiated and involved independent inquiry, e.g. a technical project, or an extracurricular activity that you planned and executed. What did you learn?
Briefly describe a situation in which you experienced failure, or a situation in which your beliefs were challenged. How did you handle the situation, and what did you learn?
Briefly describe a time (or ongoing circumstances) that caused you to face a significant obstacle or experience adversity. How did you approach the situation?

Letters of Recommendation

Three letters of recommendation are required -- one letter must come from an academic source, although we prefer at least two. If your background includes industry experience, involvement in leadership, public service, or entrepreneurial activities, you may wish to include one reference who can comment on that aspect of your experience. Recommendations must be submitted online. Please see the "Recommendations" section of the online application for more information. Please do not submit letters of recommendation through Interfolio.

Transcripts

You are required to upload unofficial copies of your transcripts or e-transcripts to the online application for all institutions you have attended for at least a year as a full-time student. Please do not send your official transcripts unless we contact you to do so.

TOEFL Scores

TOEFL results must be from an examination taken within 18 months of the application deadline. The Stanford institution code for ETS reporting is 4704. No department code is needed . For more information on TOEFL requirements, please see the Required Exams and Frequently Asked Questions sections on the Graduate Admissions website .

Application Status Inquiries

After submitting the online application, applicants will have access to an online checklist which will track all required application materials. Due to the volume of applications we receive, we are not able to confirm with individual applicants when documents have been received. All applicants should monitor the online checklist to track individual documents. It is the applicant's responsibility to monitor the checklist and ensure that all documents are received by the deadline. Please allow 2-6 weeks for application materials to be added to your application and appear in the checklist.

Admission decisions will be released electronically by mid-late March.

Reapplicants must submit new supporting documents and complete the online application as outlined above in the Graduate Application Checklist.

Knight-Hennessy Scholars

The Knight-Hennessy Scholars program cultivates and supports a highly-engaged, multidisciplinary and multicultural community of graduate students from across Stanford University, and delivers a diverse collection of educational experiences, preparing graduates to address complex challenges facing the world. Knight-Hennessy Scholars participate in an experiential leadership development program known as the King Global Leadership Program and receive funding for up to three years of graduate study at Stanford. Two applications must be submitted separately; one to Knight-Hennessy by October 6, 2021 , 1 pm PST, and one to the Stanford graduate degree program by its deadline. Visit kh.stanford.edu to learn more and apply.

The selection of PhD students admitted to the Department of Mechanical Engineering is based on an individualized, holistic review of each application, including (but not limited to) the applicant's academic record, the letters of recommendation, the Statement of Purpose, personal qualities and characteristics, and past accomplishments.

15 Mechanical Engineer Interview Questions (With Example Answers)

It's important to prepare for an interview in order to improve your chances of getting the job. Researching questions beforehand can help you give better answers during the interview. Most interviews will include questions about your personality, qualifications, experience and how well you would fit the job. In this article, we review examples of various mechanical engineer interview questions and sample answers to some of the most common questions.

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Common Mechanical Engineer Interview Questions

What inspired you to pursue a career in mechanical engineering, what do you think sets mechanical engineering apart from other engineering disciplines, what do you think are the most important skills for a successful mechanical engineer, what do you think are the biggest challenges faced by mechanical engineers, what do you think is the most exciting thing about working in the field of mechanical engineering, what do you think are the biggest benefits of pursuing a career in mechanical engineering, what do you think is the best thing about being a mechanical engineer, what do you think is the worst thing about being a mechanical engineer, what do you think is the most challenging thing about working as a mechanical engineer, what do you think are the most important things that a mechanical engineer should know, what do you think are the biggest challenges faced by new mechanical engineers, what do you think is the best way to learn more about mechanical engineering, what do you think is the most important thing that a student of mechanical engineering should know, what do you think is the best way to prepare for a career in mechanical engineering, what do you think are the most important things that an employer looks for in a mechanical engineer.

There are many reasons why someone might pursue a career in mechanical engineering. Some might be inspired by the opportunity to design and build machines that make people's lives easier, while others might be motivated by the challenge of designing efficient and environmentally-friendly products.

It is important for interviewers to ask this question because it helps them to understand what motivates the candidate and what drives their passion for engineering. This information can be used to assess whether the candidate is a good fit for the company and the position.

Example: “ There are many reasons why I decided to pursue a career in mechanical engineering. First and foremost, I have always been interested in how things work and how they are made. This curiosity led me to study engineering in college. Additionally, I believe that mechanical engineering is a field with a lot of potential for growth and innovation. I am excited to be a part of a profession that is constantly evolving and changing. Finally, I believe that mechanical engineering offers a unique combination of theoretical knowledge and practical skills that I can use to make a difference in the world. ”

An interviewer might ask this question to a mechanical engineer to gauge their understanding of the field. It is important to know what sets your discipline apart from others because it can help you better understand the unique challenges and opportunities that come with the work. Additionally, this knowledge can help you communicate more effectively with other engineers and professionals in related fields.

Example: “ There are several things that set mechanical engineering apart from other engineering disciplines. One is the focus on mechanics, which is the study of how objects move and interact with each other. This includes topics such as statics (the study of force and its effects on objects), dynamics (the study of how objects move), and thermodynamics (the study of heat and its effects on objects). Another is the use of tools and machines to design and build products or systems. This includes the use of CAD (computer-aided design) and CAM (computer-aided manufacturing) to create models and prototypes, as well as the use of CNC (computer numerical control) machines to fabricate parts. Finally, mechanical engineers often work in interdisciplinary teams, which means they need to be able to communicate effectively with people from other disciplines such as electrical engineering, chemical engineering, and civil engineering. ”

There are many important skills for a successful mechanical engineer, but some of the most important skills include:

- Strong analytical and problem-solving skills: Mechanical engineers need to be able to understand complex problems and develop creative solutions.

- Excellent communication skills: Mechanical engineers need to be able to effectively communicate their ideas, both verbally and in writing.

- Strong technical skills: Mechanical engineers need to have a strong understanding of the principles of mechanics and be able to apply them to real-world problems.

- Good project management skills: Mechanical engineers need to be able to plan and execute projects effectively.

- Good teamwork skills: Mechanical engineers need to be able to work effectively in teams.

Example: “ There are many important skills for a successful mechanical engineer, but some of the most important include: 1. Strong analytical and problem-solving skills. 2. The ability to think creatively and come up with innovative solutions. 3. Excellent communication and interpersonal skills. 4. The ability to work effectively in a team environment. 5. Strong project management skills. ”

There are many reasons why an interviewer would ask this question to a mechanical engineer. The interviewer may be trying to gauge the engineer's understanding of the challenges faced by their profession, or they may be looking for specific examples of challenges the engineer has faced in their career. Either way, it is important for the engineer to be able to articulate the challenges they think are most important, as it shows that they are aware of the challenges faced by their profession and are able to think critically about them.

Example: “ There are many challenges faced by mechanical engineers, but some of the most common ones include: 1. Ensuring the safety of products and systems: One of the main concerns of mechanical engineers is to ensure that the products and systems they design are safe for users and the environment. This can be a challenge when designing new products or improving existing ones, as there may be unforeseen risks that need to be considered. 2. Meeting environmental regulations: Another challenge faced by mechanical engineers is ensuring that their designs meet all relevant environmental regulations. This can be a complex task as there are often conflicting requirements that need to be considered, such as reducing emissions while also increasing efficiency. 3. Improving energy efficiency: A key goal for many mechanical engineers is to improve the energy efficiency of their designs. This can be a challenge due to the trade-offs that need to be made between different design parameters, such as weight, aerodynamics, and friction. 4. Managing costs: Cost is always a major consideration in engineering design, and mechanical engineers need to find ways to minimize costs while still meeting all other design requirements. This can be a difficult balancing act, especially when trying to incorporate new technologies into existing designs. ”

There are many potential answers to this question, but the interviewer is likely looking for a response that indicates an understanding of the work that mechanical engineers do and its potential impact. For example, a mechanical engineer might say that they find the most exciting thing about their work is the opportunity to develop new technologies that can improve the lives of people around the world. Additionally, the interviewer may be looking for qualities such as creativity, problem-solving skills, and passion in a potential employee. qualities such as these are important in any field, but they are especially important in engineering, where the ability to think outside the box and come up with creative solutions to complex problems is essential.

Example: “ There are many exciting things about working in the field of mechanical engineering. One of the most exciting things is the opportunity to work on cutting-edge technologies and projects. Mechanical engineers are often at the forefront of developing new technologies and products, and they have the opportunity to work on some of the most innovative projects in the world. Additionally, mechanical engineering is a very diverse field, which means that there are many different career paths that one can take. There are also many opportunities to work in different industries, such as automotive, aerospace, manufacturing, and more. ”

There are many reasons why an interviewer might ask this question. Some of the most important benefits of pursuing a career in mechanical engineering include:

1. The ability to apply principles of physics and mathematics to solve problems related to the production or use of mechanical devices and systems.

2. The ability to design and oversee the manufacture of a wide variety of products, including automobiles, aircraft, and industrial machinery.

3. The ability to work in a variety of settings, including manufacturing plants, research laboratories, and offices.

4. The opportunity to advance into management positions or start one's own engineering consulting business.

5. The potential to earn a high salary and enjoy job security.

Example: “ There are many benefits to pursuing a career in mechanical engineering. One of the most obvious benefits is the potential for high earnings. Mechanical engineers are some of the highest-paid professionals in the world, and they are in high demand. This means that there is a lot of potential for job security and advancement within the field. Another benefit of mechanical engineering is that it is a very versatile field. Mechanical engineers can work in a variety of industries, including automotive, aerospace, manufacturing, and more. This means that there are many opportunities for those with a mechanical engineering degree to find a career that suits their interests and skillset. Finally, mechanical engineering is a field that is constantly evolving. As new technologies are developed, mechanical engineers are needed to design and develop products that incorporate these new technologies. This means that there is always something new to learn in this field, which can be both challenging and exciting. ”

There are many reasons why an interviewer might ask this question. They could be trying to gauge your level of experience, or they might be trying to get a sense of your engineering philosophy. Either way, it is important to be prepared to answer this question in a way that highlights your strengths as a mechanical engineer.

Some possible reasons why being a mechanical engineer is the best thing include: having the ability to design and build machines that improve people's lives, being able to work on a variety of projects, and having the satisfaction of seeing your designs come to life. No matter what your answer is, be sure to back it up with specific examples and explanations.

Example: “ There are many great things about being a mechanical engineer. One of the best things is that it is a very versatile field. Mechanical engineers can work in a variety of industries, including automotive, aerospace, manufacturing, and more. They can also work in a variety of settings, from research and development to production and management. Another great thing about being a mechanical engineer is the opportunity to work with cutting-edge technology. Mechanical engineers are constantly working on new and innovative projects that push the boundaries of what is possible. This means that they are always learning and growing, which can be very exciting and rewarding. Finally, mechanical engineering is a field that offers good job security. There is always a need for skilled mechanical engineers, so those who have the right training and experience can be confident that they will be able to find good jobs. ”

There are a few reasons why an interviewer might ask this question. They could be trying to gauge your self-awareness and see if you're able to identify areas where you could improve. Additionally, they might be trying to get a sense of your work ethic and whether you're always looking for ways to improve your skills. Finally, they could be trying to see if you're able to identify any potential areas of conflict that could arise from working as a mechanical engineer. Ultimately, it's important for the interviewer to get a sense of your ability to self-reflect and improve, as well as your dedication to your career.

Example: “ There are a few potential drawbacks to being a mechanical engineer. First, the job can be quite demanding and require long hours. This can make it difficult to maintain a healthy work-life balance. Additionally, mechanical engineering can be a challenging and complex field, which can sometimes be frustrating. Finally, because mechanical engineers often work with heavy machinery and equipment, there is always the potential for injury if proper safety precautions are not followed. ”

There are many potential challenges that come with working as a mechanical engineer. Some of these challenges include:

• managing projects and teams

• working with tight deadlines

• ensuring the safety of products

• designing products that are both functional and aesthetically pleasing

Each mechanical engineer will have their own unique set of challenges that they face on a daily basis. By asking this question, the interviewer is trying to gain insight into what the candidate feels is the most challenging aspect of their job. This information can be used to gauge how the candidate would handle certain situations if they were to be hired.

Example: “ There are many challenges that come with working as a mechanical engineer. One of the most challenging things is keeping up with the latest technology and advancements in the field. With new technologies and methods being developed all the time, it can be difficult to keep up and be sure you are using the best possible methods for your projects. Additionally, mechanical engineering can be very complex, and it is important to be able to understand and communicate your designs clearly to other members of your team. This can be challenging when working on large and complicated projects. ”

There are a few reasons why an interviewer might ask this question to a mechanical engineer. First, they may be trying to gauge the engineer's understanding of the scope of work that is typically involved in the field. Second, they may be interested in knowing what the engineer believes are the most essential skills or knowledge areas necessary for success in the profession. By asking this question, the interviewer can get a better sense of both the engineer's technical expertise and their ability to communicate clearly about their work.

Example: “ There are many things that a mechanical engineer should know, but some of the most important are: -The basics of thermodynamics and how it applies to mechanical systems -The basics of fluid mechanics and how it applies to mechanical systems -The principles of statics and dynamics, and how they apply to mechanical systems -The principles of stress and strain, and how they apply to mechanical systems -The strength of materials, and how it applies to mechanical systems -The principles of machine design, and how they apply to the design of mechanical systems ”

One of the challenges that new mechanical engineers face is the need to be able to effectively communicate with other engineers and technicians. They need to be able to explain their ideas clearly and concisely. Additionally, they need to be able to understand the technical specifications of the products they are working on. Another challenge is staying current with the latest technology and developments in the field. They need to be able to use the latest software and tools to design and test products.

Example: “ There are several big challenges that new mechanical engineers face. One of the most significant is learning how to work with other engineers and technicians. This can be a challenge because each engineer has their own way of doing things and their own area of expertise. Another big challenge is keeping up with the latest technology and advancements in the field. This can be difficult because there is always something new to learn and keep up with. Additionally, mechanical engineers must be able to work with a variety of tools and machines, which can be challenging if you are not familiar with them. Finally, another challenge that new mechanical engineers face is finding a job that meets their skills and interests. With so many different types of engineering jobs available, it can be difficult to find the perfect fit. ”

The interviewer is trying to gauge the engineer's ability to identify and solve problems independently. This question also allows the interviewer to get a sense of the engineer's dedication to lifelong learning. It is important for mechanical engineers to be able to identify and solve problems independently because they often work on complex projects with tight deadlines. They must also be dedicated to lifelong learning in order to keep up with the latest advances in their field.

Example: “ There is no one-size-fits-all answer to this question, as the best way to learn more about mechanical engineering will vary depending on your individual needs and interests. However, some suggestions for ways to learn more about mechanical engineering include taking courses at a local college or university, attending conferences and seminars, reading trade publications, and networking with other professionals in the field. ”

There are many potential reasons why an interviewer might ask this question to a mechanical engineer. It could be to gauge the engineer's understanding of the fundamental principles of their field, or to see if they are able to communicate the importance of these principles to others. Additionally, the interviewer could be interested in the engineer's opinion on what skills or knowledge are most important for students of mechanical engineering to possess.

Whatever the reason, it is important for the mechanical engineer to be able to articulate why certain principles or skills are important for students of their field to know. They should be able to provide examples and explanations of how these principles or skills can be applied in real-world scenarios. Additionally, the engineer should be able to discuss the importance of continuing to learn and update one's skillset throughout their career, as new technologies and approaches are constantly emerging in the field of mechanical engineering.

Example: “ There are many important things that a student of mechanical engineering should know, but if we had to choose one, it would be the principles of thermodynamics. Thermodynamics is the study of heat and energy transfer, and it is essential for understanding how machines work. Without a good understanding of thermodynamics, it would be very difficult to design and build efficient machines. ”

There are many ways to prepare for a career in mechanical engineering, but the most important thing is to get a good education. A four-year degree from an accredited engineering school is the best way to start your career in mechanical engineering. Once you have your degree, you can begin working in the field as an engineer. There are many different types of engineering, so it is important to find a specialty that you are interested in. You can also get a master's degree or PhD in mechanical engineering if you want to pursue a career in research or teaching.

Example: “ There is no one-size-fits-all answer to this question, as the best way to prepare for a career in mechanical engineering will vary depending on your individual background and goals. However, some tips on how to prepare for a career in mechanical engineering include: 1. Pursue a degree in mechanical engineering from an accredited university. 2. Gain experience through internships or co-op programs. 3. Become involved in professional organizations such as the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). 4. Stay up to date on industry news and trends. ”

There are a few reasons why an interviewer might ask this question to a mechanical engineer. One reason is to gauge the engineer's understanding of what employers are looking for in this field. This understanding can be important when it comes to writing resumes and preparing for interviews. Additionally, this question can help the interviewer understand the engineer's career goals and how they align with the needs of potential employers. Finally, this question can also help the interviewer assess the engineer's communication skills.

Example: “ The most important things that an employer looks for in a mechanical engineer are: 1. The ability to apply engineering principles to solve problems. 2. The ability to communicate effectively, both verbally and in writing. 3. The ability to work independently and as part of a team. 4. The ability to use computer-aided design (CAD) software. 5. The ability to use other software programs relevant to the field of mechanical engineering, such as finite element analysis (FEA) or computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. ”

50 Mechanical Engineering Interview Questions and Answers

Top Basic to Advanced Mechanical Engineer Interview Questions

Here are the most asked basic to advanced level Mechanical Engineering interview questions and answers for freshers and experienced candidates to get their dream job.

1) What is the second law of thermodynamics?

The second law of thermodynamic depicts that the total entropy of an isolated system can never reduce over time.

2) What is ferrite?

Ferrite is a magnetic iron rock.

Free PDF Download: Mechanical Engineering Interview Questions & Answers

3) Which pipes are used for steam lines?

Steel pipes with welded fitting are used for steam lines.

4) Distinguish between the shear center and elastic center.

The shear center is a center where the force can act with no twist, whereas elastic center is located at the center of gravity.

Mechanical Engineering Interview Questions

5) Name two vital conditions of a perfect gas.

Two vital conditions of perfect gas are:

It should satisfy the state equation.
Specific heat remains constant.

6) What is mean by greenfield project?

These are the projects, which are built from scratch and does not create pollution.

mechanical engineering phd interview questions

7) What do you mean by cotter joint?

It is one of the types of a joint that are used to connect two rods, which are under compressive or tensile stress. This joint is made of steel or iron. Cotter joint is used for connecting a piston rod to the crosshead of the reciprocating steam engine.

8) Define pitting.

It is corrosion that turns to a small hole in the metal.

9) What is the alloy of tin and lead?

Solder is an alloy of tin and lead. It is primarily used to make electrical joints.

10) What is the importance of tolerance in engineering?

You cannot design any product without tolerance. It increases the chances of rejection rate and overall product cost. You utilize tolerance in part dimension to reduce cost and facilitate manufacturer.

11) What is caustic embrittlement?

Caustic embrittlement is a physical change in metal. In this phenomenon, the boiler becomes brittle because of accumulation of caustic soda.

12) Name the boiler that does not need a steam drum.

Supercritical pressure boiler does not need a steam drum.

13) Explain the Otto cycle in brief.

Otto cycle describes the functioning of a typical spark-ignition four-stroke engine. Otto cycle is a description of what happens to gas as it is subjected to changes of volume, temperature, addition, or removal of heat.

14) What do you mean by annealing?

Annealing is the process of heating any material above the recrystallization temperature and cooling after some time. This process increases the hardness and strength of metal material. The result you will get is a reduction of dislocations in the crystal structure of metal being annealed.

15) Explain enthalpy.

It is the heat content of a thermodynamic system.

16) Define a uniformly distributed load.

A uniformly distributed load is a load which is spread over a region of the beam. Here the magnitude of the load remains similar throughout the element.

17) Explain different types of fits.

Fits can be categorized into three groups: 1) clearance fit, 2) interference fit, and 3) transition fit.

Clearance fit: This fit is identified by the occurrence of clearance between the two similar parts.
Interference fit: In this fit, the size of the mating parts is predefined to occur interference between these parts. Here the hole tolerance zone is completely below shaft tolerance zone.
Transition fit: It is a comptonization between clearance and interface fit. In this case of fit, the tolerance zone of the shaft and hole overlaps.

18) Explain important rules that must be kept in mind while designing castings?

Following are the points that you should keep in mind:

Keep section thickness uniform as much as possible.
Sudden changes in the thickness should be averted at all costs.
Design casting by keeping simplicity.
Avoid large flat surfaces as true large spaces are difficult to create.
Use a curved shape to improve the stress handling of the cast.

19) What is universal coupling?

Universal coupling is used to connect two shafts whose axes are inclined to each other. It consists of a pair of hinges, connected by a cross shaft.

20) Why would you use pneumatics?

Pneumatic systems are significantly cheaper than other streams, i.e., hydraulic system. It can move faster and do not leak oil if they develop a leak.

21) Explain mechanical refrigeration.

Mechanical refrigeration is a process by which heat is removed from a specific location using an artificial heat-exchange system. The refrigeration system can be cyclic, non-cyclic, magnetic, or thermoelectric depending on the application for which refrigeration is needed.

22) What are various types of brakes?

Various types of brakes are 1) hydraulic breaks, 2) electric breaks, and 3) mechanical breaks.

23) How will you classify sliding contact?

Sliding contact can be classified based on the various thickness of film bearings.

24) How will you create a piston head?

Piston head can be designed on the bases of the following points:

The crown must have enough strength to absorb the explosion pressure inside the cylinder.
You can consider Grashof’s formula to calculate the thickness of the head.

25) Explain knurling.

It is a manufacturing process conducted on the lathe tool to create a pattern on a bar that can be used a handle.

26) What is the importance of thermostat in the cooling system of an engine?

Thermostat makes sure to keep the engine cool at the optimum level. It prevents decreasing the overall efficiency of the engine.

27) What is the most basic characteristic of supercritical boilers?

Supercritical boilers do not have a heavy drum to separate steam from water and steam. They also require less steel metal.

28) What is the relation between the thickness of the thermal boundary layer and the depth of the hydrodynamic boundary layer?

29) what do you understand by engineering drawing.

It is a technical document used to transfer technical details and define requirements.

30) Define the least count

It is the smallest value that can be measured by measuring instrument. Least count can be measured using the following formula:

31) What are the different types of screws?

Screws can be classified based on the following parameters:

Screw Thread Type
Screw Drive Type

32) What is process flow diagram?

A process flow diagram is a sketch which describes major equipment, plant streams, and key central loops show the relationship between system components. This diagram contains symbols to identify instruments and vessels it describes the primary flow course.

33) What is GD&T?

GD&T is a sort abbreviation of Geometric Dimension & Tolerance. It is a system which defines engineering tolerances.

34) Explain bearing

Bearing is a device that is placed between two components of engine for the smoother movement. It enhances the efficiency of any machine.

35) What is the difference between pipe and a tube?

The significant difference between pipe and a tube is that a pipe can be measured based on its inner diameter. On the other hand, a tube can be measured based on the outer diameter.

36) Explain the term torque

A force that causes rotation is called torque. It is a measure of how much force is required to rotate an object.

37) What do you mean by emissive power?

It is the amount of radiation emitted per unit.

38) Define coal

Coal is a sedimentary rock that contains other elements like sulfur, oxygen, chiefly hydrogen, and nitrogen. It is the most important primary fossil fuels.

39) Differentiate between total moisture and inherent moisture of coal.

Total moisture in the coil is referred to as the moisture of the bulk as a sample while the air-dried sample is called inherent moisture.

40) What does AFBC stand for?

AFBC stands for Atmospheric Fluidized Bed Combustion.

41) What are the benefits of cycloidal gears?

The primary benefits of the cycloidal gears are:

It has a wider and high-power flank as compared to Involute gears.
The contact of Cycloidal gears is between the concave surface and the convex flank. This will reduce the wear and tear of the engine.
There are no chances of occurring any interference in Cycloidal gears.

42) Briefly explain the term Gravity

Specific Gravity is the proportion of the mass of a substance to the density of a reference substance.

43) Why is cast iron seasoning important before machining?

Cast iron seasoning is important for easy machining and saving the cutting edge of the tool.

44) What do you understand by heat treatment?

It is an operation that involves heating and cooling process of metals to change its properties.

45) How can you identify mild steel, cast iron, and high carbon steel?

You can identify these metals by a spark. Mild steel gives medium and dense sparks. Cast iron gives very thick and short flashes. High carbon steel gives long and thick sparks.

46) Define the term latent heat.

It is an amount of heat that changes the property of material without increasing its temperature any further.

47) Why do you need a biological shield in nuclear plants?

The biological shield absorbs a neutron, gamma, and beta radiation and protects living things.

48) How to report calorific values of fuel?

You can report them using the following methods:

As a received or wet basis.
Dry or moisture-free basis.
Combustible or ash basis.

49) Explain the nuclear reactor.

A nuclear reactor is a plant which initiates, controls, sustains, and maintains the nuclear fission chain reaction. It protects against radioactive radiation.

50) Define case hardening

Case hardening is a method of making outer surfaces harder of the steel parts. It is done to use low carbon steel.

51) Why is heat treatment of steel metal crucial?

It is important to get the desired property, change electrical and magnetic properties, and relieve the stress after hot or cold working.

These interview questions will also help in your viva(orals)

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41 Comments

The questions are apt for mechanical engineering students appearing interviews.

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Post the answers of questions based on IC engine like four stroke ,two stroke engine , petrol and Diesel engine, compression ratio , knocking ,SI and CI engine and so on..

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Basic Mechanical Engineering Interview Questions for Freshers

Here are some basic mechanical engineering interview questions and answers that are commonly asked of freshers:

Q1. Can you explain what an Otto cycle is?

Answer: The Otto cycle refers to an ideal combustion process used in heat engines that converts chemical energy into thermal energy and ultimately motion.

Q2. Can you describe how superheating works?

Answer: Superheating involves increasing both pressure and temperature in order to raise fluid temperatures even higher.

Q3. Can you explain a process flow diagram?

Answer: A process flow diagram is a visual representation that outlines the main course of operations within a system or plant. It utilizes symbols to identify equipment and displays key connections between components involved in completing a task.

Q4. In terms of efficiency, which is better, a diesel engine or a petrol engine with the same compression ratio?

Answer: Between two engines with equal compression ratios, the one powered by gasoline would have greater efficiency due to its lower heat rejection during the Otto cycle.

Q5. How does total moisture differ from inherent moisture in coal?

Answer: Total moisture refers to the overall amount of water present in coal, while inherent moisture specifically describes the amount remaining after air-drying a sample.

Q6. Provide an explanation for why thermostats are utilized in engine cooling systems?

Answer: The presence of thermostats helps maintain optimal cooling levels for engines which prevents efficiency loss within their systems.

Q7. What is the purpose of a universal coupling and how is it defined?

Answer: A universal coupling consists of two hinges connected by a cross shaft and serves as an effective way to link together two inclined axes on separate shafts (such as those found connecting drive trains with rear axles).

Q8. What computer programs do mechanical engineers typically use on the job?

Answer: Mechanical engineers often utilize software such as Finite Element Analysis (FEA), SolidWorks, Mathcad, MATLAB, and Autodesk Inventor for their work tasks.

Q9. What are the different types of compressors used in gas turbines?

Answer: There are three types of compressors commonly used in gas turbines: axial, centrifugal, and mixed flow.

Q10. What are the main types of cooling towers?

Answer: There are two major classifications for cooling towers – natural draft and mechanical/forced or induced draft.

Q11. What is responsible for the presence of white smoke in two-stroke locomotive engines?

Answer: The cause of white smoke in two-stroke locomotive engines is typically due to running out of fuel, which can lead to overheating and potential engine failure.

Q12. How can one tell the difference between thermodynamics and heat transfer?

Answer: To distinguish thermodynamics from heat transfer, focus on their fundamental principles. Thermodynamics deals with equilibrium states and transitions between them, while heat transfer involves non-equilibrium systems lacking thermal equilibrium.

Q13. What is the reason behind most gas containers being designed in a cylindrical shape?

Answer: The predominant use of a cylindrical shape for gas containers is due to its ability to withstand high pressure. While spherical shapes are more efficient at resisting internal gas pressure, they are expensive to manufacture. Cylindrical shapes offer sufficient resistance to internal gases at a lower cost.

Q14. What is a periscope and how is it used in real life?

Answer: A periscope is an optical instrument that allows for viewing objects above eye level. In practical applications, submarines use periscopes to survey potential threats or enemies.

Q15. Is there an advantage to using a double pulley?

Answer: Yes, utilizing a double pulley reduces the effort needed by half while allowing for twice as much distance to be covered. This demonstrates its mechanical advantage.

Q16. Why do thicker paper airplanes tend to fly longer distances?

Answer: Thicker paper airplanes have greater mass and potential energy, resulting in more kinetic energy during flight. This leads to increased lift and ultimately a longer distance traveled.

Q17. What is the difference between a turbine and a pump?

Answer: A turbine converts fluid flow into mechanical energy while a pump transfers mechanical energy to fluids. In short, they have opposite functions.

Q18. What is the purpose of Nitrogen in welding?

Answer: Nitrogen plays a crucial role in preventing porosity during the welding process by blocking oxygen and air from entering the fused metal.

Q19. Which gases can be used instead of Nitrogen for welding?

Answer: Argon, Helium, or Carbon Dioxide are viable alternatives to Nitrogen when it comes to preventing porosity during welding.

Q20. Can hydraulic systems use motor oil as a substitute fluid?

Answer: While it may be possible to use motor oil in hydraulic systems, this is not recommended because its lower sulfur content and harmful elements make it less suitable than dedicated hydraulic fluids.

Intermediate-Level Mechanical Engineering Technical Interview Questions

If you are not a mechanical engineering novice, you might stand a better chance of landing work from home jobs in Delhi . Here are some intermediate-level mechanical engineering interview questions that you’d possibly encounter at this experience level.

Q21. How can you best define Lami’s Theorem?

Answer: Lami’s Theorem states that when three coplanar forces are in equilibrium, each one is proportional to the sine of the angle between the other two forces.

Q22. Can you explain the resultant force?

Answer: The resultant force represents a single vector that has the same effect as multiple combined forces acting on a body. It takes into consideration both magnitude and direction.

Q23. Within mechanics, what does ‘Force’ entail?

Answer: A “force” refers to an entity or action capable of producing, altering, or halting movement for an object.

Q24. How do we explain what Center of Gravity (CG) means?

Answer: The term Center of gravity (CG) describes a single point through which all mass within an object can be considered to act regardless of the object’s position or orientation.

Q25. What is meant by Moment of Inertia?

Answer: Moment of Inertia is a measure of an object’s resistance to changes in rotational motion, also known as the second moment of mass or area.

Q26. How would you define a couple?

Answer: A “couple” refers to a pair of equal and opposite forces that act on different lines or points within an object.

Q27. What is Friction and how does it affect objects?

Answer: Friction refers to a force acting opposite the direction of movement for an object, which can slow down or halt its motion altogether.

Q28. What is the definition of statics?

Answer: Statics refers to a branch of Engineering Mechanics that deals with analyzing and understanding the effects of forces on bodies at rest.

Q29. How would you define Dynamics?

Answer: Dynamics can be described as another branch of Engineering Mechanics, which focuses on studying the influence and impact of forces acting upon bodies in motion.

Q30. What are some types within Dynamics?

Answer: There are two main types of Dynamics:

Kinetics: This area examines objects in motion due to applied forces.
Kinematics: This field studies objects in motion without considering external force factors.

Q31. What is strain energy?

Answer: Strain energy refers to the potential energy stored in an elastic body when it undergoes deformation.

Q32. Define strain.

Answer: Strain can be defined as the amount of deformation per unit length that a material experiences when subjected to external forces.

Q33. What does Poisson’s ratio mean?

Answer: Poisson’s ratio is used to describe the relationship between lateral and linear strains of a material under stress.

Q34. What are thick and thin cylinders?

Answer: Thick cylinders have a thickness that is greater than 1/15 to 1/10 of its diameter, while thin cylinders have a thickness less than this ratio.

Q35. What is the function of a spring?

Answer: The main purpose of springs is to store potential energy when loaded and release it upon removal of the load, returning to its original shape.

Advance-Level Mechanical Engineers Interview Questions for Experienced

Here are some advanced mechanical engineering interview questions for experienced mechanical engineers.

Q36. How do pipes and tubes differ?

Answer: Pipes are measured by internal diameter, while tubes are measured by external diameter. This distinction is important in mechanical engineering.

Q37. What distinguishes cast iron, mild steel, and high-carbon steel from each other?

Answer: These metals can be differentiated through the sparks they emit when exposed to heat. Cast iron produces short and thick sparks, mild steel creates medium-sized dense sparks, while high-carbon steel yields long and thick sparks.

Q38. Why are galvanized pipes not suitable for steam lines?

Answer: Galvanized pipes may flake off their zinc coating under the high temperature and pressure of steam, potentially causing blockages or explosions. This makes them unsuitable for use in steam lines.

Q39. How would you define mechanical refrigeration?

Answer: Mechanical refrigeration is a process that involves removing heat from a specific location using an artificial heat exchange system. It encompasses different types such as magnetic, cyclic, non-cyclic, and thermoelectric cooling methods.

Q40. What characterizes Newtonian fluids?

Answer: Newtonian fluids have a linear stress-strain relationship curve that passes through the origin and is not affected by external forces. Understanding this concept is important in mechanical engineering.

Q41. What two criteria must perfect gases meet?

Answer: Perfect gases need to follow the equation of state and maintain constant specific heat. These requirements are crucial in mechanical engineering.

Q42. Why is tolerance analysis significant for engineers?

Answer: Tolerance analysis helps minimize costs, reduce iterations, and streamline manufacturing processes for engineers. It also plays a vital role in ensuring the reliability of final products.

Q43. What drawbacks do supercritical boilers have?

Answer: One limitation associated with supercritical boilers is their lack of heavy drums to separate steam from the mixture of water and steam.

Q44. Why are pneumatic systems preferred over hydraulic systems?

Answer: Pneumatic systems are popular because they are affordable, work quickly, and do not leak oil if there is a problem with the system, unlike hydraulic systems.

Q45. What are the primary and secondary sources of losses in a fluid flow system?

Answer: In a fluid flow system, primary losses occur within the pipes themselves while secondary losses come from bends and additional components. Understanding these types of loss is essential in mechanical engineering.

Q46. How would you define a column?

Answer: A column can be described as a vertical structural member designed to withstand compressive forces acting along its length.

Q47. What are short and long columns?

Answer: Short columns refer to those with a length less than 8 times their diameter, while long columns have lengths greater than this ratio.

Q48. What is the definition of a truss?

Answer: A truss is a type of structure consisting only of two-force members organized in such a way that it behaves as one single object.

Q49. What is the definition of density?

Answer: Density refers to the mass per unit volume of a liquid at standard pressure and temperature, expressed in units of kg/m3.

Q50. Can you explain what specific gravity means?

Answer: Specific gravity is defined as the ratio between the specific heat of a liquid and its specific weight at standard temperature (4 Deg C).

Q51. How would you define viscosity?

Answer: Viscosity is characterized as a fluid’s resistance to flow when one layer moves over another.

Q52. In what ways can machine learning be used to enhance the maintenance schedule of industrial equipment?

Answer: One potential application of machine learning is optimizing maintenance schedules for industrial machinery. This involves using historical data and predictive algorithms to proactively schedule repairs, ultimately reducing downtime and associated costs.

These mechanical engineering interview questions cover a wide range of topics to prepare you for your next interview. They include basic, intermediate, and advanced-level mechanical engineering interview questions and answers for mechanical engineers who are either beginners or experts who are trying to get there dream mechanical engineering jobs . Concepts like the Otto cycle, thermodynamics, Lami’s Theorem, fluid systems, heat exchange, etc are covered.

What other interview questions have you encountered? Share them with us in the comment section. Also, take a look at how to answer interview questions confidently .

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70 interview questions for mechanical engineers

To hire a mechanical engineer, you have to ask the right questions that will enable you to learn as much as possible about their skills and knowledge. Mechanical engineering is a challenging industry that requires mathematical intelligence, creative skills, and technical expertise.

One way to better understand your candidates’ knowledge is to use assessments such as the Mechanical Reasoning test . The test requires candidates to answer questions based on their knowledge of physics and mechanics.

Another crucial part of assessing applicants is the interview stage. But what questions should you ask?

Discover 70 interview questions for mechanical engineering roles, with sample answers to help you hire the right person.

26 general interview questions for mechanical engineers, 5 sample answers to general interview questions for mechanical engineers, 20 behavioral interview questions to learn more about mechanical engineers, 5 sample answers to behavioral interview questions for mechanical engineers, 24 personality interview questions for mechanical engineers , 5 sample answers to personality interview questions for mechanical engineers, when should you use skill assessments in your hiring process, use our interview questions and skill tests to hire talented mechanical engineers.

Check out these 26 common interview questions for mechanical engineer roles to better understand your candidates’ knowledge, skills, and work experience in engineering.

1. How did you decide to go into mechanical engineering?

2. Talk about your first engineering design.

3. What skills do you think a mechanical engineer should have?

4. How would you explain complex designs to someone without experience in mechanical engineering?

5. What are the different types of fits?

6. What do you do to improve your engineering skills?

7. Define a process-flow diagram.

8. How do hydraulics work on a machine?

9. What is the difference between a strut and a column?

10. What is the second law of thermodynamics?

11. Explain the difference between a tube and a pipe.

12. What elements do you need to increase the corrosion resistance of steel?

13. What computer programs do you use in mechanical engineering?

14. What are the different types of springs?

15. Do you have experience with using torque?

16. Explain the advantages of cycloidal and involute gears.

17. Define hydraulic brake, mechanical brake, and electric brake.

18. Can you give examples of some of the guidelines for designing castings?

19. What is a universal coupling? How do you use it?

20. Do you prefer to use pneumatics to control machinery or another method?

21. What is mechanical refrigeration?

22. What is the difference between metal and non-metal materials?

23. Describe the similarities between strain and stress.

24. What does a greenfield project mean?

25. What is meant by pitting?

26. Can you explain what coal is?

Five general interview questions for mechanical engineers

Use these sample answers to five of the common mechanical engineer interview questions when assessing applicants’ responses.

1. How would you explain complex designs to someone without experience in mechanical engineering?

Candidates should talk about their communication skills and ability to describe engineering designs when answering this question.

For example, they might use images or videos to explain cycloidal and involute gears. Candidates should be able to strike a balance between simplifying terms and being direct in their explanation.

Send candidates a Communication test to better assess their verbal and non-verbal communication skills and professional etiquette. According to research, 68% of employees say they’ve wasted time because of inefficient communication, so hiring someone who can express their ideas clearly is essential.

2. What are the different types of fits?

The ideal candidate will know what mechanical fits are. They should get a bonus point if they explain each fit and how it works in the context of engineering work. You can also compare their answers after they have completed the Mechanical Reasoning test .

Below are the different types of fits in mechanical engineering:

Clearance fit: The air space or clearance between two shafts is called clearance fit. This fit allows more free movement when bolts and shaft holes slide freely without obstruction.

Interference fit: Engineers use interference to fit two mated parts, meaning there will always be an overlap in the joints. You can do this by pushing two components together with force.

Transition fit: A transition fit falls between clearance and interference. The tolerance zone of the shaft has to align with the other mating parts. This fit is usually smaller compared to interference.

3. Define a process-flow diagram.

A process-flow diagram (PFD) is a flowchart that shows the relationships between equipment, plant processes, and other significant components at an industrial plant. Mechanical engineers can use this diagram to improve a process or create a new one, improving quality control and efficiency.

4. What computer programs do you use in mechanical engineering?

Strong candidates will be familiar with the most popular software tools used in engineering. They could provide examples of software that has helped them to complete specific tasks.

For instance, mechanical engineers can use programs such as Solid Edge to create 3D designs, while MATLAB focuses on equations and mathematical analysis of chemicals or materials.

However, not all projects require using complex computer programs. Some candidates might prefer to use Microsoft Excel when documenting projects, for example.

Use a Microsoft Excel test to better understand your candidates’ technical skills and ability to perform basic calculations. This way, you can also determine whether they require any additional training when they join the company.

5. Define hydraulic brake, mechanical brake, and electric brake.

Mechanical engineers will often need to make use of brakes in their roles. Therefore, candidates should know what they are and how they may use them:

Hydraulic: This brake uses a special type of hydraulic fluid to move pressure from the controlling mechanism to the brake controls. You can find these breaks in automobiles or light trucks.

Mechanical: Engineers use mechanical brakes the most because they dissipate kinetic energy to slow or stop machinery and wheels. The sudden friction ensures there is no more force in the brake.

Electric: These electromagnetic brakes use a rapid electrical current to stop the rotation of moving parts. Using mechanical resistance, this brake can be used in hybrid and electric vehicles.

Companies need to hire professionals who have enough experience and knowledge of how to use different components in their work, such as breaks.

Below are 20 behavioral interview questions for mechanical engineer applicants. Choose a few questions to learn more about your candidates’ engineering mindset and processes.

1. Tell me about a time you disagreed with a team member. How did you resolve the conflict?

2. How do you check a project for flaws?

3. What is your approach to changing deadlines? How does this affect your work?

4. You join a multidisciplinary team but they don’t trust your judgment. What do you do?

5. How do you prioritize projects under pressure?

6. Describe a time you went above and beyond to finish a design.

7. How do you maintain professional relationships with stakeholders?

8. How would you calculate the power of a machine?

9. Can you provide an example of when you had to optimize a mechanical design to meet weight and strength requirements?

10. How do you troubleshoot and solve problems with a mechanical system?

11. Tell me about a time you worked with a team to design something from scratch.

12. How do you respond to negative feedback?

13. How do you provide feedback to other team members?

14. You have two projects that are due on the same day. What do you do?

15. Describe a time you used problem-solving skills to figure out a design problem.

16. What practices do you follow to catch any errors in your work?

17. Explain a written technical report or presentation you had to complete.

18. Do you often take the lead in projects?

19. Give an example of a mechanical design flaw you found during testing. How did you fix it?

20. If an engineer injures themself at work, what steps should you follow?

Review these sample answers to some of the behavioral interview questions above to hire the right candidate . Every response will be unique, but it should still include relevant facts and personal examples.

Team members are bound to experience conflict, especially in demanding jobs. New research has discovered that over 36% of employees face disagreements regularly . Therefore, your candidates must have the skills and patience to resolve conflict professionally.

For example, the candidate may choose to set up a meeting with the other party to explain their reasoning and work on finding a solution together. To handle conflict situations, all team members should communicate frequently and know how to give and receive feedback.

Send candidates a Problem-solving test to see how they respond to challenging situations in the workplace.

2. What is your approach to changing deadlines? How does this affect your work?

In the engineering industry, deadlines can change incredibly quickly. Some factors that cause these changes include resource delays or weather conditions. Candidates should have the right approach when it comes to tight or challenging deadlines.

Some candidates might drop unnecessary tasks to meet the deadline, while others may create a comprehensive to-do list to avoid getting overwhelmed. There isn’t a right or wrong answer, but you should make a note of what each candidate says during their interviews.

Use a Time Management test to determine how well candidates prioritize, plan, and execute projects in mechanical engineering.

3. Can you provide an example of when you had to optimize a mechanical design to meet weight and strength requirements?

Experienced candidates can prove their expertise with weight and strength management by providing a relevant example. They should explain previous designs and how they collaborated with team members to meet project requirements.

For example, they could talk about the creation of a robotic arm for new machinery. In this case, they may have had to use light materials to design an arm that could move heavy objects around the manufacturing facility.

Through their design process, they might have met the necessary strength and weight conditions, while getting creative ideas from other team members.

It’s worth using a Critical Thinking test to assess your applicants’ capacity to analyze information. This test will determine which candidates can solve complex problems and use creativity to devise new approaches.

4. Tell me about a time you worked with a team to design something from scratch.

For this question, candidates should give an answer that shows their communication, teamwork, and creativity skills. They might discuss their work in a previous job and how it expanded their knowledge of mechanical engineering.

Statistics show that 89% of employees say creativity helps them achieve business objectives, so hiring a candidate who is able to come up with innovative strategies is essential.

A strong example will include enough information about the main goal and the process.

For instance, applicants might have worked as a team to design the technical components and create an automated testing system. Building something from scratch requires plenty of teamwork and consistent communication.

5. What practices do you follow to catch any errors in your work?

Everyone has their unique process when it comes to identifying errors. The ideal candidate will explain how they catch errors in mechanical designs and prevent them from happening again.

You could also test their attention to detail by giving them visual designs with inconsistencies and mistakes. Those who notice the errors quickly may have more experience with designs and quality control.

Send candidates an Attention to Detail (Visual) test to see whether they’re able to catch visual errors and notice small details.

Here are 24 personality interview questions for mechanical engineer candidates. Use these questions to learn more about their behavior and career goals.

1. Do you prefer to work independently or in a team?

2. What is your least favorite task in the role of a mechanical engineer?

3. Describe a time when you failed to accomplish a task in your job.

4. How do you stay up-to-date with the latest technology?

5. What is your most successful engineering project?

6. What will be your biggest challenge in this mechanical engineering position?

7. Where do you see yourself in five years?

8. What is the first thing you designed on your own?

9. How do you set personal development goals?

10. What is the best way of learning from your mistakes?

11. How do you motivate your team to complete challenging tasks?

12. Why do you want to be a mechanical engineer for our company?

13. What inspires you to work in the engineering industry?

14. Have you ever taken online courses? Would you consider it?

15. Describe the steps you take when developing plans for a project.

16. Who was your go-to person when you encountered a problem on a design project?

17. What do you do when you face an angry client?

18. What are some unique ways of documenting your tasks?

19. Which traits make you a stronger mechanical engineer?

20. What steps do you take to maintain a safe work environment?

21. Would you rather lead design teams or follow others?

22. Share an example of how you have applied your skills to on-site work.

23. What is your most significant weakness as an engineer?

24. How has your education prepared you for this career?

Five personality interview questions for mechanical engineers

Refer to these sample answers to evaluate the candidates’ responses when choosing someone for your mechanical engineering role.

1. Describe a time when you failed to accomplish a task in your job.

There will be times candidates have failed to complete a specific task. However, the key to assessing your applicants’ responses is to focus on how they learned from the challenge rather than on their struggles.

For example, candidates might discuss their experience with meeting project requirements. As they respond, note how they fixed the mistake or found ways to complete projects without compromising on weight and strength requirements.

You can also use a Big 5 (OCEAN) personality test to evaluate how the applicants’ traits could help them handle their mechanical engineer duties and challenges.

2. What will be your biggest challenge in this mechanical engineering position?

Every candidate will have fears or concerns about accepting a new role. They might have previously faced specific challenges in mechanical engineering that make it hard for them to remain confident.

Research suggests that employees are concerned about limited growth opportunities or not being able to develop their skills in a demanding job. Applicants might share similar concerns.

You can note down their responses to better understand their weaknesses, strengths, and personal concerns. Be wary of candidates who don’t express any worries – they may not be completely honest during the interview.

3. Would you rather lead design teams or follow others?

This question will help you determine whether the candidate is a potential leader. Some candidates have natural leadership capabilities when it comes to teamwork. They might want to delegate tasks and support those who are new or struggling.

Candidates who prefer to follow are also just as valuable. Followers tend to be open-minded and have strong communication skills. Selecting a candidate will depend on who you’d want to join your team, how they could contribute to upcoming design projects, and which applicants match your company’s mission and vision.

Consider sending candidates a Leadership and People Management test to evaluate their leadership skills and ability to guide others at the job.

Since mechanical engineering focuses on technology, it’s essential that candidates have experience with mechanical power machines and engineering products. They should monitor recent technological advancements and how they might change or benefit the industry.

Some ways of staying up-to-date with technology are to:

Read news from reputable sources (including blogs or specialized websites)

Join social events and tech conferences

Review the latest mechanical engineering job descriptions

Use Google trends

Find updated research reports on technology

Connect with other professionals in their field

Follow tech leaders on social media

5. How do you motivate your team to complete challenging tasks?

Mechanical engineering can be a very demanding industry.

For example, designing intricate blueprints for the manufacturing of complex machines is an especially challenging task. There may be times when team members struggle to complete their duties. The ideal candidate will know exactly how to motivate them and provide support.

Only 32% of US employees feel engaged in their work. To increase this percentage, hire candidates motivated to succeed and grow.

A Motivation test can tell you more about a candidate’s personality traits. Hiring determined mechanical engineers is key to building a positive work culture and maintaining employee motivation.

You should use skill assessments before conducting your interviews. These tests can help you identify talented professionals with the right skills and knowledge to perform their duties.

When they complete an assessment, candidates have to answer questions related to their current skills, level of expertise, or values and mindset.

For example, you may use a 16 Types personality test to better understand their behavior and mindset. To evaluate their cognitive function, use assessments such as the Understanding Instructions test .

Once your candidates complete each test, you can compare their answers. These data-driven results are key to recognizing skilled mechanical engineers.

Now that you have a wide set of interview questions you could use, it’s time to find the best skill tests.

Search our test library to discover assessments related to cognitive function, personality, situational judgment, programming, and more. These tests can help you objectively assess candidates and quickly shortlist the best.

For more guidance, sign up for a free 30-minute live demo . Our team can suggest relevant skill tests that can enhance your hiring process. With extra support, you won’t have to spend long choosing and interviewing job applicants.

Are you ready to find a skilled mechanical engineer? Use our comprehensive skill assessments and interview questions to hire the best.

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Interview Questions for Mechanical Engineers (with Top Questions and Answers)

Mastering the Art of Job Interviews for interview questions for mechanical engineers: Job Interview Examples and Insights

Before diving into the nitty-gritty of mechanical engineering interviews, it's crucial to understand what sets apart exceptional candidates in this field. This guide aims to equip you with the knowledge and confidence to excel in mechanical engineering interviews.

What hiring managers look for in a mechanical engineers role

Hiring managers seek candidates with a combination of technical expertise, problem-solving skills, and the ability to communicate complex ideas effectively. They look for individuals with a strong understanding of mechanical principles and a track record of successful project management.

How to prepare for a mechanical engineering interview

Preparing for a mechanical engineering interview can be a daunting task, but it’s essential to invest time and effort in getting ready. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you prepare effectively.

Step 1: Research the Company and Role

Familiarize yourself with the company's current projects and its position within the industry.
Understand the specific role you are applying for and the responsibilities that come with it.
Consider how your skills and experiences align with the company's goals and values.

Step 2: Brush Up on Technical Knowledge

Revisit fundamental principles of mechanical engineering, including thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and material science.
Stay updated with recent advancements and innovations in the field.
Practice problem-solving techniques and numerical reasoning to ensure you are prepared for technical assessments.

Step 3: Prepare STAR (Situation, Task, Action, Result) Examples

Identify key projects or experiences where you demonstrated valuable skills such as leadership, problem-solving, and innovation.
Structure your examples using the STAR method to effectively communicate your achievements during the interview.
Practice articulating these examples in a clear, concise manner to make a lasting impression.

Use Lark for video interviews and candidate tracking .

Question 1: Describe a Challenging Project You Led

Why Does This Question Matter? This question helps the interviewer assess your leadership, decision-making, and problem-solving abilities in real-world scenarios.

What Do They Listen for in Your Answer?

Your ability to define and communicate the specific challenges faced within the project.
The strategic approach you took to overcome obstacles.
The positive impact of your leadership and decision-making on the project's outcome.

Sample Answer "During my time at [Company Name], I led a cross-functional team in redesigning a critical component of our flagship product. We faced significant time constraints and budget limitations. However, by implementing a streamlined project plan and fostering open communication within the team, we not only met the deadline but also reduced production costs by 15%."

Question 2: How Do You Approach Problem-Solving in a Team Setting?

Why Does This Question Matter? This question assesses your collaboration, communication, and analytical skills, which are essential for success in a team-oriented work environment.

Your understanding of the importance of teamwork and effective communication in problem-solving.
Your approach to analyzing complex problems and presenting viable solutions within a team dynamic.
How you balance leadership and collaborative efforts to drive successful outcomes.

Sample Answer "I believe effective problem-solving in a team setting starts with fostering an environment where every team member feels heard and respected. I encourage open discussions and value diverse perspectives to ensure we consider all potential solutions. By leveraging each team member's strengths, we can collectively address challenges and achieve optimal results."

Question 3: Discuss a Situation Where You Had to Overcome a Design Obstacle

Why Does This Question Matter? This question evaluates your technical expertise, critical thinking, and adaptability when faced with complex design challenges.

Your approach to identifying and understanding the specific design obstacle.
How you applied your technical knowledge and problem-solving skills to develop a viable solution.
The outcome of your solution and the lessons learned from overcoming the obstacle.

Sample Answer "During my internship at [Company Name], we encountered a significant design flaw in a prototype, jeopardizing the project timeline. I took the initiative to conduct thorough root cause analysis and collaborated with the design team to formulate a revised concept. Through iterative testing and implementation, we achieved a refined design that not only resolved the initial obstacle but also received accolades from the client for its innovation."

Question 4: Explain a Time You Implemented a Cost-Saving Measure in a Project

Why Does This Question Matter? This question examines your strategic thinking, financial acumen, and ability to drive efficiency in project management.

Your identification of cost-saving opportunities within a project without compromising quality or integrity.
The implementation of your proposed measures and the tangible impact on the project's financial aspects.
How you collaborated with stakeholders to implement and sustain the cost-saving measures.

Sample Answer "During a large-scale manufacturing project, I noticed inefficiencies in the use of certain materials. I proposed a revised procurement strategy and production process that reduced material waste by 30%, resulting in a cost-saving of over $100,000. I cohesively presented the plan to the project stakeholders, gaining their buy-in, and subsequently contributed to the successful implementation and long-term sustainability of the cost-saving measure."

Question 5: How Do You Keep Abreast of the Latest Technological Advancements in Mechanical Engineering?

Why Does This Question Matter? This question gauges your enthusiasm for continuous learning, adaptability to technological changes, and how you stay updated with industry trends.

Your proactive approaches to staying informed about advancements in the mechanical engineering field, such as industry publications and professional networks.
Specific examples of how your awareness of emerging technologies has positively impacted your work or projects.
Your willingness to embrace and adapt to new technological developments within mechanical engineering.

Sample Answer "I prioritize continuous learning and actively engage with industry publications, webinars, and professional forums to stay informed about the latest technological advancements. For instance, when our team encountered a project requiring advanced materials, my in-depth knowledge of emerging composite technologies allowed us to explore innovative design solutions that significantly enhanced the project's performance metrics."

Do's and don'ts for mechanical engineers interviews

Understanding the company’s core values, recent projects, and industry position can demonstrate your genuine interest and preparation for the interview.
Clearly articulating your technical expertise and relating it to real-world applications can impress interviewers.
Highlighting your ability to manage and oversee projects, including planning, execution, and risk management, reflects your leadership skills.

Don'ts

While theoretical knowledge is essential, demonstrating practical applications through examples and experiences is equally crucial.
Technical acumen is vital, but don't overlook the significance of effective communication, collaboration, and adaptability during interviews.
Tailoring your responses to align with the job description and the company's needs is essential. Avoid providing generic or irrelevant information that doesn't address the position's specifics.

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30 Mechanical Engineering Interview Questions to Ask Candidates

Posted February 19th, 2024

The best mechanical engineering questions you ask in an interview are determined by the industry your company is in.

In this article, we go over some common interview questions, behavioral interview questions , and technical questions you can ask a mechanical engineer when speaking with them for an interview.

Why did you choose to study mechanical engineering?

Talk about your first engineering design, what is the top skill a mechanical engineer must have, what is your cad system of choice and why, name an engineering skill have you learned recently, tell me about your most successful engineering project, have you worked on an engineering project that failed, what mechanical engineering tasks interest you, describe your process in checking for flaws, do you prefer working alone or with an engineering team, have you ever sent uncompleted engineering work to a client if so why , how would you explain a complex design to a non-technical person, behavioral interview questions to ask mechanical engineers, explain how hydraulics work on a machine, what is a process flow diagram, what is the difference between a strut and a column , to increase the corrosion resistance of steel which elements do you need, what are the principal constituents of brass, an elastomer is a polymer when its percentage elongation rate is, distinguish between fatigue and creep., what is the second law of thermodynamics.

What is the process flow diagram?

Explain mechanical refrigeration

Describe the difference between a tube and a pipe, explain what a bearing is.

What is a P&ID?

Explain what GD&T is

General mechanical engineering interview questions to ask candidates.

To start off the interview you can start by asking some general engineering interview questions related to mechanical engineering. These will help break the ice and give you a good understanding of the candidate

This mechanical interview question gives the interviewer a chance to learn about the candidate’s interests in mechanical engineering. It helps reveal their passion for the field, and what interests them about engineering in general.

Do they want any job or are they looking to better society through quality engineering design?

By having mechanical engineering candidates talk about their early design work, hiring managers are able to better understand the engineer’s history in mechanical engineering.

They also gain insight into their thought processes and some of their favorite engineering designs.

This interview question gives the mechanical engineering interviewee a chance to explain what makes a great engineer.

There are a variety of answers you may receive. These answers include strong analytical skills, problem-solving skills, math skills, creative design skills, or strong knowledge of engineering fundamentals.

Do they prefer SolidWorks, CATIA, Inventor, or other CAD software? There is no wrong answer here and their experience with CAD software will depend on a lot on what industries they have worked in.

Different industries prefer CAD software systems that are more suited to their workflows and design processes.

The interviewer will also get a chance to ask additional questions about the CAD software they have used. This will give the interviewer an opportunity to make sure the candidate has the CAD knowledge necessary for the job.

Good engineers are interested in learning new skills, computer programs, and ways to solve problems. Listen carefully to what the interviewee says to see if they have a love of learning new things and are adaptable to various situations.

This gives the mechanical engineer the chance to talk about their most successful engineering projects. Explain why they succeeded, what contributions they made to it, any technical skills that are used, and what they learned from the process.

Some of the greatest learning experiences come from failed projects. At some point when an engineer has worked on many projects, there are times that things don’t work out just right.

An engineer that can admit mistakes and learn from them has the potential to grow into a better engineer.

The only bad answer is saying “Any task”. Every engineer has engineering tasks they prefer over others, like solving equations, design engineering, building prototypes, testing, engineering analysis, or communicating the design.

This question gives you a chance to see if the main tasks the job calls for are ones the engineer enjoys doing.

By asking this mechanical engineering interview question you will be able to get a better understanding of the mechanical engineer’s thought processes.

You can also gain insight into their daily workflows and problem-solving skills.

This mechanical engineering interview question can help determine if they work well with teams or are perhaps better suited for solo type projects and work.

Companies and employees are often on tight deadlines to get work out the door. This can cause drawings and engineering work to be sent to a client which may be incomplete.

These sloppy methods can frustrate an engineer or manager that has to later clean up the mess.

An engineer that can explain complex ideas and engineering designs in easy-to-understand terms may be a good resource for a variety of reasons.

One of these is meeting with potential clients to win a bid.

They can also help a current client who’s been asking technical questions to understand the project engineering variables better.

How do you prioritize projects under pressure?
How would handle your schedule when it’s interrupted?
Describe a time when you had to work with a difficult coworker. How were you able to handle interactions with that person?
How have you handled engineering setbacks at work?
Tell me how you communicated with your previous engineering managers?

Technical Mechanical Engineering Interview Questions to ask Candidates

Interested in testing the technical knowledge of the mechanical engineer you’re interviewing?

Asking some questions listed below should be helpful depending on the industry your company is in.

Using a incompressible fluid machines use hydraulics to transmit force from one point to another. In most cases, this increases the force applied at one end for a given amount of effort.

Commonly used in chemical and process engineering. A process flow diagram (PFD) is a diagram that is used to indicate the general flow of equipment and plant processes.

The PFD displays the relationship between major equipment of a plant facility and but doesn’t minor details such as designations and piping details.

A Column is always vertical but a strut could carry an axial compressive load in any direction. A strut and column both carry the compressive load.

Chromium and nickel.

Copper and since are principal constituents of brass are copper.

Greater than 100%.

Fatigue is the reduced tendency of a material to offer resistance to applied stress under repeated or fluctuating loading conditions.

Creep is low and progressive deformation of a material with time under constant stress at high-temperature applications.

The second law of thermodynamics states that total entropy will always increase within a closed system and can never decrease over time.

What is the process flow diagram?

A process flow diagram is a diagram commonly used in chemical and process engineering to indicate the general flow of plant processes and equipment.

Using an artificial heat exchange system mechanical refrigeration is a process where heated is removed from a chosen location.

This refrigeration system can be thermoelectric, magnetic, non-cyclic, cyclic, and will depend on the refrigeration application needed.

Pipes are always round while tubes can come in different shapes such as rectangular, square, or cylindrical.

A pressure force is evenly distributed due to the circular shape of a pipe.

Outside diameter (OD) and wall thickness (WT) are used to measure a tube.

Bearings precision-made components that enable machinery to move at high speeds while reducing friction between moving parts.

What is a P&ID?

Used in the process industry a P&ID is a piping and instrumentation diagram. This diagram shows process equipment and piping together with control devices and instrumentation in detail.

GD&T stands for geometric dimensioning and tolerancing which is a system for defining and communicating engineering tolerances.

Is important to use a mix of mechanical engineering interview questions when searching for the right engineer.

If your searching for additional general interviewing question check out our article on questions to ask an interviewee . Want a more expansive list of behavioral interview questions? Read our article here. A good article on formatting your resume is here .

Have you been interview mechanical engineers but not finding the right candidate? Reach out to one of the leading mechanical engineering staffing agencies Apollo Technical and contact us today .

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Mechanical Engineering Interview – Questions and Answers

A typical interview process for this position consists in three stages:

Personal questions (interviewers inquire about your education, motivation, goals, and previous working experience in the field).
Behavioral questions (interviewers try to assess your attitude to pressure, deadlines, conflicts in the workplace, and to other situations that belong to a daily job of an engineer).
Technical questions (these questions are related to the technical aspect of the job, and the hiring managers ask them to test your real knowledge of mechanical engineering, and readiness for the particular role in the company).

Favorable situation on the employment market

Luckily for you, right now we experience a deficit of mechanical engineers , and companies literally fight for skilled job candidates . ( This will likely change in the near future, however, with artificial intelligence making inroads in the industry. )

In many cases you will be the only person they interview for the job, or you will compete with two or three other people for the position ( which is nothing compared to managerial positions, or jobs in banks, where one competes against dozens of other job applicants ).

Still, even if you are alone, you will have to convince us of your readiness for the job, of the right attitude to work and to other people, and of knowledge of mechanical engineering. Let’s have a look at the questions!

Personal questions – first stage of an interview

Can you tell me something about yourself? Speak about your experience, background, and your passion for mechanical engineering. You can even talk a bit about your education, and how it prepared you for the role. Mention briefly one or two hobbies from your personal life–this helps to break the ice, and to create a friendly atmosphere in the room (if it’s not relaxed already).
Why do you want to become a mechanical engineer? Focus on your motivation, passion for this job, and also confidence in your designing and engineering skills. You should also say that you enjoy doing what engineers generally do, and can’t imagine having any other job at this stage of your career. Do not talk about money. Obviously, mechanical engineers earn a lot, and they deserve it. But you should not point out a great salary as a reason for your job choice.
What are your career goals? You should simply say that you would like to work as a mechanical engineer and develop your experience in the field, specializing in a certain area of engineering. If you are not sure, tell them that you’d like to work on various designs, and will re-evaluate your career plans in few years from now.
Tell us something about your education. What subjects did you enjoy the most, and the least? How have your studies prepared you for the work of an engineer?
What are your salary expectations?

Behavioral questions – testing your attitudes and motivation

What do you consider your biggest achievement? Speak about something unique, not something everyone else has done. Try to talk about designing a machine, or about some interesting improvements you made to a certain design. If you managed to overcome a difficult period in your life–for example a life-threatening illness, you can point it out as well. Difficult times make us stronger, and each employer is aware of that…
Describe a situation when you failed to accomplish a task in your job, or a goal . Try to be honest, show us that you are aware of your mistakes and failures. Everyone fails sometimes. The difference between great and average employees is that great people will learn from their mistakes, and will move on quickly, ready for the next challenge, not affected by their recent setbacks.
Describe a situation when you were under pressure in work. Tight deadlines, goals that are difficult to meet, and a boss who expect too much from us–all of that can result in a pressure on a workplace. Narrate a situation when you experienced pressure, a situation that had a happy ending. That means a situation when you eventually overcame the pressure, and it did not affect you negatively in your job. Some people crack under pressure. Other work harder, and better. And some people are simply so relaxed that they do not experience any pressure in job–they just don’t let it in… And what about you?
Tell me about a situation when you used your mechanical engineering skills outside of your work.
Describe a conflict you had with your boss, or with one of your colleagues.
Describe a time you struggled to explain a technical issue to someone without technical background.
Tell us about an obstacle you overcame .
Describe a situation when you used logic to solve a problem.
Give an example of a time when you showed initiative at work.
Tell us about a time when you had to make a decision without all information you needed.
Have you ever worked on a project that was a failure?

Special Tip : If there’s one thing many excellent engineers struggle with in the job interviews, it is behavioral questions. I’ve seen many engineers answering these questions with silence, which, of course, cost them their chances , and sometimes a job which would pay them over $100K annually .

If you also find these questions difficult, consider having a look at our Interview Success Package – it offers multiple great answers to all difficult behavioral questions , including answers for people who apply for their very first job. It can be the part of the puzzle you are missing…

An older engineer works on the computer. We can see some papers and a mobile phone on his table.

3. Technical questions – assessing your knowledge of the field

Mechanical engineering is a technical field, and the interviewers will ask you at least some technical questions.

The difficulty will depend on the person who leads an interview with you , and on their own knowledge of mechanical engineering . It will also depend on the number of people you compete with for the job. To some technical questions belong:

What are the different types of fits we use in the United States?
What computer programs do you use in your work?
What materials would you recommend for shafts manufacturing?
Can you describe different types of springs and tell us when we use each type?
What is an advantage of hydraulic brake when compared to mechanical break and electric brake?
What type of bearings do you prefer and why?
Can you explain the advantages of Cycloidal and Involute gears?
Have you ever worked with a torque?
Why we call diesel engine high torque, and petrol engine high speed?
Are you able to name the advantages of projectile motion, when compared to rocket motion?
Your project is to make a new car. How would you progress from the scratch?

Special tip : Many corporations will ask you to complete a mechanical aptitude test , such as Bennett Mechanical Comprehension Test , the Wiesen Test of Mechanical Aptitude , or Ramsay Corporation’s Mechanical Aptitude Test.

If you aren’t sure what these tests are, of how to ace them, check out the Mechanical Aptitude Practice Test from JobTestPrep . With 21 mechanical aptitude practice tests and 1 study guide , you will improve your chances of getting hired significantly. With tests it’s the same story like with everything else in life– the more you practice, the better you get .

Practicing with the interface for several hours, you will get ready to all types of technical questions you may face in your mechanical aptitude test , and easily pass the interview. Do not forget to check it out.

Conclusion, next steps

Technical questions can differ a lot from one interview to another , and they depend on the things the company designs. Alternatively the company may ask you to complete a mechanical aptitude test , which is enough for them to assess your real level of technical skills.

Behavioral and personal questions will be similar every time you interview for a job of a mechanical engineer .

While you will not face a tough competition in this interview (unless you apply for a job with Google, or with General Electric, or other popular employer), you still have to show the hiring managers the value you can bring to their company , and demonstrate your engineering skills.

You can do it with right answers to both technical and non-technical questions.

I hope you will succeed and wish you best of luck!

P.S. You can also download a full list of questions in a simple, one page long .PDF document, to practice your interview answers later:

May also interest you:

Engineering manager interview questions.
Industrial engineer interview questions.
Electrical engineer interview questions.
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The ultimate Mechanical Engineer interview guide, curated by real hiring managers: question bank, recruiter insights, and sample answers.

Hiring Manager for Mechanical Engineer Roles

Technical / job-specific, describe the process of designing a piping system for a specific application. how do you account for factors such as pressure drops, flow velocity, and pipe material, can you explain the process of conducting a finite element analysis for a mechanical component, can you describe the steps you would take to design a mechanical component that will be subjected to fatigue loading, can you explain the differences between various manufacturing processes such as casting, forging, and machining which process would you choose for a specific component and why, behavioral questions, tell me about a time when you encountered a difficult problem while working on a project. how did you approach the problem, and what steps did you take to resolve it, can you describe a project that required you to design a creative solution to a problem how did you come up with your solution, and what challenges did you face along the way, have you ever had to make a difficult decision related to a project you were working on can you walk me through how you made your decision, and what the outcome was, can you give an example of a time when you had to collaborate with a team to complete a project how did you communicate with your team members, and what role did you play in achieving the project's goals, describe a time when you had to work with someone who had a different work style or approach than you. how did you navigate any differences, and what strategies did you employ to ensure successful collaboration, have you ever had to manage a conflict with a colleague while working on a project how did you address the conflict, and what was the outcome, tell me about a project you worked on where you had to explain complex technical information to a non-technical team member or client. how did you ensure that they understood the information, and what were some challenges you faced, can you describe a time when you had to present a project or idea to a group of stakeholders how did you prepare for the presentation, and what strategies did you use to ensure that your message was effectively communicated, have you ever had to give feedback to a colleague on their work how did you approach the conversation, and what was the outcome.

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics
Design and Analysis
Manufacturing and Production
Problem-Solving
Collaboration
Communication

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Want to test your knowledge? We've chosen ten Mechanical Engineer interview questions in a random order that you can use as practice. As you go through the questions, say your answers out loud to practice your responses. Stuck on a question? Check out the insights or sample answers for hints. After you've attempted each question, read the sample answer to brush up your understanding. Let's dive in!

Interview Questions on Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics

Interview Questions on Design and Analysis

Interview Questions on Manufacturing and Production

Interview questions on problem-solving.

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20 Mechanical Engineering Intern Interview Questions and Answers

Common Mechanical Engineering Intern interview questions, how to answer them, and sample answers from a certified career coach.

You’ve been accepted for a mechanical engineering internship—congratulations! But before you can start, you have to make it through the interview process.

To help prepare you for your upcoming interview, we’ve created a list of some of the most common questions asked in interviews for internships and entry-level positions in mechanical engineering. Read on to get an idea of what types of questions you might be asked, along with advice on how to answer them so you can ace that interview!

What experience do you have with CAD software?
Describe a project you worked on that required problem-solving skills.
How familiar are you with the principles of thermodynamics and fluid mechanics?
Explain your understanding of the design process for mechanical systems.
Are you comfortable working with 3D printing technology?
Tell me about a time when you had to troubleshoot an issue with a machine or system.
What strategies do you use to ensure accuracy in your work?
Do you have any experience with robotics or automation?
What is your experience with prototyping and testing new designs?
Have you ever used finite element analysis (FEA) software?
What methods do you use to optimize existing designs?
How do you approach debugging complex mechanical systems?
What safety protocols do you follow when working with machinery?
Describe a time when you had to collaborate with other engineers to complete a project.
What challenges have you faced while working with mechanical engineering projects?
What techniques do you use to stay organized and manage multiple tasks at once?
How do you handle deadlines and prioritize tasks?
What would you do if you encountered a problem that was outside of your area of expertise?
What strategies do you use to keep up with industry trends and developments?
What questions do you have for us about this position?

1. What experience do you have with CAD software?

Computer-aided design (CAD) software is an essential tool in the mechanical engineering field. CAD software helps engineers create models of parts, assemblies, and products. It also assists in the visualization of design concepts and the generation of detailed drawings. An interviewer wants to know if you have experience with CAD so that they can gauge your level of technical ability and how easily you can transition into the role.

How to Answer:

Be prepared to provide specific examples of your experience with CAD software. Talk about the projects you have worked on, any formal training or certifications you may have, and how you used the software to solve a problem or create a design. If you don’t have much experience with CAD software, focus on related skills such as 3D modeling, computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), or other technical drawing programs.

Example: “I have been using CAD software for the past two years in my mechanical engineering classes. I am very familiar with SolidWorks, AutoCAD, and CATIA. During my internship at XYZ Corporation last summer, I used SolidWorks to create detailed drawings of parts and assemblies. I also created 3D models of components and had them printed on a 3D printer. I am confident that I can apply my knowledge of CAD software to your projects.”

2. Describe a project you worked on that required problem-solving skills.

Problem-solving is a key skill for any engineering job. Interviewers will want to know that you have the skills necessary to troubleshoot and find solutions to complex engineering problems. They may also want to know what techniques you use to solve problems and how you handle difficult situations. Answering this question effectively can show that you have the necessary skills to be successful in the role.

To answer this question, you should explain the CAD software that you are familiar with and how it has helped you in the past. You can also discuss any projects or tasks where you have used CAD software to solve a problem. Additionally, you may want to mention any courses or training that you have completed related to CAD software. Finally, you could talk about any challenges or successes you have had using CAD software.

Example: “In my mechanical engineering internship at XYZ Corporation, I was tasked with designing a new product. To accomplish this, I had to use CAD software to create 3D models of the parts and components. This required me to have strong problem-solving skills as I had to troubleshoot any issues that arose during the design process. I was able to successfully complete the project by using various techniques such as iteration, trial and error, and research. In addition, I took an online course on CAD software which helped me become more familiar with the program and enabled me to solve problems quickly and efficiently.”

3. How familiar are you with the principles of thermodynamics and fluid mechanics?

Mechanical engineering interns need to have a strong foundational knowledge of the principles of thermodynamics and fluid mechanics in order to be successful in their roles. An interviewer will ask this question to gauge your knowledge of the field and understand how prepared you are to take on the job.

Before the interview, make sure you brush up on your understanding of thermodynamics and fluid mechanics. Think about any projects or classes you’ve taken that have given you exposure to these principles and be prepared to provide examples. You can also explain how you would use this knowledge in a practical sense when performing tasks related to the job. Finally, don’t be afraid to admit if there are areas where you need more experience or training—this shows that you’re honest and willing to learn.

Example: “I’m very familiar with the principles of thermodynamics and fluid mechanics, having taken several courses on these topics in school. I’ve also done projects that required me to apply these concepts in a practical sense, such as designing an efficient heat transfer system for a residential HVAC unit. Although I am confident in my understanding of the fundamentals, I know there is always more to learn and I would welcome any additional opportunities to hone my skills.”

4. Explain your understanding of the design process for mechanical systems.

Having a good understanding of the design process is critical for any engineer, especially in the field of mechanical engineering. Interviewers want to know that you understand the basics of how to design a system and how to troubleshoot it when things don’t work as expected. The interviewer also wants to know that you can work with other departments, such as production and testing, to ensure that the design meets the customer’s needs.

To answer this question, you should explain the different stages of the design process. Start by discussing how you would identify customer needs and requirements. Then move on to discuss how you would create a concept or prototype based on those requirements. After that, talk about how you would test the prototype and make any necessary changes before finalizing the design. Finally, explain how you would ensure that the design meets all safety standards and regulations.

Example: “I understand the design process for mechanical systems to be a cyclical process that begins with identifying customer needs and requirements. From there, I would develop a concept or prototype based on those requirements. After finalizing the concept, I would then focus on testing and refining it until it meets all safety standards and regulations. Finally, I would collaborate with other departments such as production and testing to ensure that the design meets the customer’s expectations.”

5. Are you comfortable working with 3D printing technology?

3D printing is becoming an increasingly popular technology in the mechanical engineering field, and many employers are looking for interns who are comfortable with it. This question allows the interviewer to gauge your knowledge and experience with the technology, as well as your level of interest in continuing to learn it.

If you have experience with 3D printing technology, be sure to mention it. Talk about the projects you’ve worked on and any successes or challenges you faced while using the technology. If you don’t have experience, explain your interest in learning more and what steps you would take to become proficient. Be sure to emphasize that you are eager to learn and willing to put in the effort to do so.

Example: “I have some experience with 3D printing technology, as I’ve worked on several projects that required its use. I understand the basics of how it works and am comfortable using the software associated with it. Although I don’t yet have a great deal of expertise in this area, I am eager to learn more and would be excited to work with your team to expand my knowledge. I love a challenge and enjoy problem-solving, so I believe working with 3D printing technology would provide me with an opportunity to further develop my skills.”

6. Tell me about a time when you had to troubleshoot an issue with a machine or system.

Mechanical engineering interns are expected to be able to troubleshoot and repair mechanical systems. This question is designed to assess the applicant’s problem solving skills and ability to think through a complex issue. It also provides insight into the applicant’s experience with mechanical systems and their ability to think on their feet.

To answer this question, provide an example of a time when you had to troubleshoot and repair a machine or system. Explain the steps you took to diagnose the problem, how you identified potential solutions, and what steps you ultimately took to fix the issue. Be sure to include any challenges you faced along the way and how you overcame them. Finally, explain the outcome of your efforts and how it impacted the company or team.

Example: “I recently had to troubleshoot an issue with a CNC machine at my internship. I first identified the potential causes of the problem by looking at the error codes and then conducted a systematic process of elimination to narrow down the source. Once I had pinpointed the cause, I researched possible solutions online and consulted with my supervisor for additional advice. After implementing the fix, I tested it out thoroughly to make sure that the issue was resolved before completing all necessary documentation. In the end, I was able to successfully repair the machine and get it back up and running in time for production.”

7. What strategies do you use to ensure accuracy in your work?

Mechanical engineers are expected to be precise, accurate, and detail-oriented. This question helps you demonstrate your commitment to excellence in your work. It also gives the interviewer an understanding of your process for ensuring accuracy and completeness in your projects.

You should be able to provide examples of strategies you use to ensure accuracy in your work. For example, you may talk about how you double-check calculations and measurements, review designs for errors before submitting them, or collaborate with other engineers on projects. You can also discuss any specific processes you have in place, such as using a checklist or having someone else review your work prior to submission. Additionally, emphasize the importance of accuracy and detail in your work and explain why it is essential.

Example: “I take accuracy very seriously in my work as a mechanical engineer. I always double-check calculations and measurements, review designs for errors before submitting them, and collaborate with other engineers on projects. Additionally, I have established processes in place to help ensure accuracy such as using a checklist for each project and having someone else review my work prior to submission. Accuracy is essential for successful engineering projects, so I strive to be precise and detail-oriented in all of my work.”

8. Do you have any experience with robotics or automation?

Robotics and automation are becoming increasingly popular in the engineering field. With this in mind, the interviewer is likely trying to gauge your knowledge and experience in this area. It’s important to be honest and provide examples of your experience or lack thereof. If you don’t have direct experience with robotics or automation, you can talk about related skills or experiences that would make you a good candidate for the position.

Start by providing a brief description of any experience you have with robotics or automation. This could include coursework, internships, research projects, or even hobby-related activities. If you don’t have direct experience in this area, talk about related skills that would make you a good candidate for the position. For example, if you have knowledge of programming languages such as Python or C++, or if you’re familiar with computer-aided design (CAD) software, these are all valuable skills to mention.

Example: “I don’t have direct experience with robotics or automation, but I do have related skills that I believe would make me a great fit for the position. I’m currently taking a course on control systems, and I have a strong understanding of programming languages such as C++ and Python. I also have experience with computer-aided design (CAD) software, which I believe would come in handy when creating robotic models. I’m confident that I could quickly pick up the necessary skills to work with robotics and automation.”

9. What is your experience with prototyping and testing new designs?

Mechanical engineering interns need to have a strong grasp of the design process. This question allows the interviewer to judge the level of experience you have with the prototyping and testing process. It also tells them how familiar you are with the mechanical engineering process, and how well you can apply it to new projects.

To answer this question, start by talking about any prior experience you have with the prototyping and testing process. If you’ve completed a project in the past, talk about how you designed it, what materials you used, and how you tested it to make sure it worked correctly. If you don’t have any prior experience, explain your understanding of the process and how you would go about designing and testing a prototype. Be sure to emphasize your willingness to learn and grow as an engineer.

Example: “I have a strong understanding of the prototyping and testing process. I have experience designing and building prototypes using both CAD software and physical models. I have also conducted numerous tests to ensure that the design meets the desired specifications. I am confident in my ability to use the latest tools and techniques to design and test prototypes efficiently and effectively.”

10. Have you ever used finite element analysis (FEA) software?

Mechanical engineering interns should have some understanding of FEA software, as it is used to perform simulations and calculations for product design and development. The interviewer wants to know if you have any experience with the tool and how comfortable you are with the technology. This will help them understand how quickly you can pick up on the engineering skills you will need to be successful in the position.

FEA software is used by mechanical engineers to simulate and analyze physical phenomena, such as stress, strain, and thermal effects. Interviewers may ask this question to assess your technical knowledge and experience with FEA software. If you have experience using FEA software, explain which programs you’ve used, what projects you’ve worked on, and the results of those projects. If you don’t have any experience with FEA software, focus on other relevant skills or experiences that demonstrate your ability to learn new software quickly and effectively.

Example: “I don’t have experience using FEA software, but I have a strong background in mathematics and physics, so I’m confident I could learn quickly. I’ve also had experience with other CAD and simulation software, such as Autodesk Inventor, SolidWorks, and MATLAB, which I believe could help me transition to FEA software. I’m a fast learner, and I’m eager to use the opportunity of this internship to gain experience in the area of FEA.”

11. What methods do you use to optimize existing designs?

It’s important for a mechanical engineering intern to be able to optimize existing designs to save time and money. Interviewers want to know that you understand the importance of efficiency in engineering and can use methods to ensure designs are optimized. They also want to know that you understand the principles of design optimization and can apply them to different projects.

To answer this question, you should explain the methods that you use to optimize existing designs. You can talk about how you analyze a design for areas of improvement and then use your knowledge of engineering principles to make changes that will result in an optimized design. Additionally, you can mention any software or tools that you use to help with optimization, such as CAD programs or finite element analysis (FEA) software. Finally, you should also provide examples of projects where you have successfully optimized designs.

Example: “I use a variety of methods to optimize existing designs. I start by analyzing the design for areas of improvement and then I use my knowledge of engineering principles to make changes that will result in an optimized design. I also use CAD programs and FEA software to help with optimization. For example, I recently optimized a design for a heat exchanger by using CAD software to reduce the number of components and FEA software to evaluate the design and make sure it was structurally sound. I was able to reduce the manufacturing cost by 15%, which was a great success.”

12. How do you approach debugging complex mechanical systems?

Debugging complex mechanical systems is a crucial skill for mechanical engineers. It requires an analytical and methodical approach to problem-solving, and the ability to think outside the box. An interviewer might ask this question to get a better sense of your thought process, and to see how you would approach a problem.

When answering this question, it is important to demonstrate your problem-solving skills. You should explain the steps you would take when debugging a complex mechanical system. This could include breaking down the system into smaller components and looking at each part individually, researching common issues with similar systems, or using trial and error to identify the source of the issue. Additionally, you should mention any tools and techniques you have used in the past to debug mechanical systems, such as flowcharts, data logging, or software simulations.

Example: “When debugging complex mechanical systems, I like to break down the problem into smaller components and look at each part individually. This helps me to identify the source of the issue more quickly. I also like to research common issues with similar systems and use trial and error to identify the source of the issue. Additionally, I have experience using tools such as flowcharts, data logging, and software simulations to debug mechanical systems. This helps me to troubleshoot the issue more efficiently and accurately.”

13. What safety protocols do you follow when working with machinery?

Safety is a top priority in any engineering job. Mechanical engineers must be able to identify potential hazards and take appropriate precautions to protect themselves and others. By asking this question, the interviewer is assessing your ability to think critically and proactively about your work environment.

The best way to answer this question is to provide concrete examples of safety protocols you have followed in the past. This could include wearing protective gear, following specific instructions, or adhering to industry standards when working with machinery. You can also talk about any additional steps you take to ensure safety, such as double-checking your work and being mindful of potential risks. Finally, emphasize that safety is always a priority for you and demonstrate how you actively prioritize it in your work.

Example: “I take safety very seriously in my work. Whenever I’m working with machinery, I always make sure that I’m wearing the necessary safety equipment, such as goggles and gloves. I also take the time to read through safety protocols and instructions before starting any task. In addition, I double-check my work to make sure that I’m following the right steps and that everything is functioning properly. I also keep an eye out for potential hazards and take steps to address them immediately. Overall, I make sure to prioritize safety in everything I do.”

14. Describe a time when you had to collaborate with other engineers to complete a project.

Mechanical engineering is a highly collaborative field, with engineers working together to solve complex problems. This question is designed to test your ability to work with others and to understand the importance of collaboration. The interviewer wants to see that you can work as part of a team, respect the opinions of others, and that you understand the need to coordinate efforts to complete a project.

When answering this question, it’s important to provide a specific example of a project that you worked on with other engineers. Describe the problem that was being solved and how you worked together to come up with a solution. Talk about how you were able to contribute your skills and knowledge to the team and what you learned from working with others. Showcase your ability to collaborate by discussing how you communicated effectively and respected everyone’s input.

Example: “I recently worked on a project with a team of other mechanical engineers to develop a new robotic arm for a manufacturing plant. We all had different areas of expertise and experience, so we were able to combine our knowledge to come up with a solution that was better than any of us could have created on our own. We had to work together to come up with detailed plans, coordinate our efforts, and make sure the project stayed on track. I enjoyed the challenge of working with others and learning from their different perspectives. We were able to successfully complete the project on schedule and to the client’s satisfaction.”

15. What challenges have you faced while working with mechanical engineering projects?

Mechanical engineering is a complex field with a lot of moving parts and variables that can add up to a lot of potential problems. The interviewer will want to know that you can handle the challenges that come up when working on projects, from the technical to the interpersonal. They’ll want to see that you can think on your feet and come up with creative solutions to problems.

Talk about a specific project that you have worked on and the challenges that you faced. For example, if you had to design a part for a machine, what were the obstacles you encountered? Was it difficult to find the right materials or components? Did you run into any issues with suppliers? How did you go about solving these problems? If you can demonstrate your problem-solving skills in the face of adversity, this will show the interviewer that you are well-equipped to handle the challenges of mechanical engineering projects.

Example: “I recently worked on a project where I had to design a part for a machine. One of the major challenges I faced was finding the right materials and components to use in the design. It was difficult to find suppliers that could provide the right parts at the right price. I ended up doing a lot of research to find the best suppliers and then negotiating with them to get the best deal. This was a great learning experience for me, and I was able to come up with a creative solution that met the project’s needs and budget.”

16. What techniques do you use to stay organized and manage multiple tasks at once?

Mechanical engineering internships are often a combination of research, design, and project management. This can involve working on multiple projects at once and keeping track of scheduling, deadlines, and other details. The interviewer wants to know that you can handle the workload without becoming overwhelmed and that you have an effective system in place for keeping track of everything.

Talk about the techniques you have used in the past to stay organized and manage multiple tasks. You might mention specific tools, such as task management software or a calendar program, that help you keep track of deadlines and prioritize tasks. Talk about how you break larger projects down into smaller tasks so they are more manageable and easier to complete. If you use any other methods for staying organized, such as color-coding your notes or making lists, be sure to highlight those too.

Example: “I’ve found that the best way to stay organized and manage multiple tasks is to break down each project into smaller, manageable tasks. I use a task management software to track deadlines and prioritize tasks so I can stay on top of everything. I also make sure to take regular breaks throughout the day to clear my head and stay focused. Additionally, I use a color-coding system for my notes and lists to help keep everything organized and easy to reference.”

17. How do you handle deadlines and prioritize tasks?

Projects in the engineering field are often complex, with multiple components and tight deadlines. Being able to manage your time and prioritize tasks is critical for a successful engineering project. The interviewer wants to know that you’re capable of working through a project from start to finish and meeting deadlines without sacrificing quality.

To answer this question, you should provide a few examples of how you’ve managed deadlines and prioritized tasks in the past. Explain your process for breaking down large projects into smaller tasks and explain how you prioritize those tasks to ensure they are completed on time. You can also talk about any tools or techniques you use to help manage deadlines and prioritize tasks. Finally, emphasize that you understand the importance of meeting deadlines while still producing quality work.

Example: “I take deadlines very seriously. When I’m given a project, I break it down into smaller tasks and prioritize them based on the timeline and importance. I use project management tools to help me stay organized and on track, and I’m always conscious of how much time I have left to complete each task. I’m also careful to ensure that my work is of the highest quality, so I make sure to leave time at the end of the project to review my work and make any necessary changes. I understand the importance of meeting deadlines while still producing quality work, and I’m confident that I can do the same in this role.”

18. What would you do if you encountered a problem that was outside of your area of expertise?

Mechanical engineering interns need to be able to think on their feet and come up with solutions to problems they may not have encountered before. This question helps the interviewer gauge your ability to think critically, identify the root cause of problems, and come up with a plan to address them. It also helps them to assess how well you can collaborate with other engineers to come up with a solution and how you handle situations that require creative problem solving.

The best way to answer this question is by giving an example from your own experience. Talk about a time when you encountered a problem that was outside of your area of expertise and how you solved it. Explain the steps you took, such as researching the issue or consulting with other engineers who had more experience in the area. You can also talk about how you collaborated with other team members to come up with a solution. Lastly, explain what you learned from the process and how it has helped you grow as an engineer.

Example: “I was once presented with a problem that was outside of my area of expertise. I wasn’t sure how to solve it, but I knew I needed to get to the root cause of the issue before I could find a solution. So, I started by researching the issue, consulting with other engineers who had more experience in the area, and brainstorming with the team to come up with possible solutions. After taking these steps, I was able to identify the root cause of the problem and come up with a plan to address it. Through this process, I learned the importance of being able to think critically and creatively when faced with a problem, and I’m now better equipped to handle similar situations in the future.”

19. What strategies do you use to keep up with industry trends and developments?

Mechanical engineering is a constantly evolving field of study, and it’s important for anyone in the industry to stay up to date on the latest technologies, trends, and topics of discussion. An interviewer wants to know that you are informed and knowledgeable about the industry and that you’re willing to stay on top of new developments.

To answer this question, you should highlight the strategies that you use to stay informed. Do you read industry publications? Subscribe to newsletters? Follow specific thought leaders on social media? Attend conferences and seminars? Talk about how you actively seek out new information and learnings in order to keep up with what’s going on in the field. Additionally, discuss any certifications or courses you have taken or plan on taking to further your knowledge. This will show the interviewer that you are serious about staying current with industry trends.

Example: “I make a point of staying up to date with the latest industry trends and developments. I read several industry publications and subscribe to newsletters to stay informed. I also follow many thought leaders and industry professionals on social media, attend relevant conferences and seminars, and take any available courses or certifications to further my knowledge. Additionally, I have a network of colleagues and peers that I talk to regularly to stay abreast of the latest industry news and developments. I’m always looking for new ways to stay informed and up to date with the industry.”

20. What questions do you have for us about this position?

Interviewers ask this question to get a better understanding of your knowledge of the job and to assess your enthusiasm for the role. It also gives you a chance to learn more about the company and the team you’ll be working with if you get the job. By asking this question, the interviewer is also testing your ability to ask thoughtful questions and think critically.

Before the interview, research the company and position to come up with questions that demonstrate your knowledge of the role. Some good questions might include: What kind of projects will I be working on? What challenges can I expect to face in this role? What kind of support do you provide for interns? Are there any opportunities to take on additional responsibilities or grow within the organization? What have been some successful projects completed by past interns?

Example: “I’m really excited to learn more about this role and how I can contribute to the team. I’ve done a lot of research on the company and the position, and I’d love to know more about the projects I’ll be working on, what challenges I can expect to face, and how I can best contribute to the team. I’m also interested in learning more about the support you provide for interns and what opportunities there are to take on additional responsibilities or grow within the organization. Lastly, I’d love to hear about some successful projects completed by past interns.”

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Alumnus' book guides young grads through the interview process

10/26/2023 Riya Agrawal

Written by Riya Agrawal

MechSE alumnus Peter Chien (BSME 2022) authored “The Ultimate Guide to the Mechanical Engineering Interview,” which provides sample and practice interview questions as well as review topics. The book has roughly 90+ technical and behavioral interview questions and solutions inspired by real interviews with companies.

As an underclassman, Chien struggled to find helpful resources when he was preparing for internship interviews. The lack of study material later motivated him to create a resource for MechSE students that would support them in their job searches and foster a community of students who could look out for each other. By the time he wrote the book, he had a lot of practice giving interviews and was able to share his experiences.

book cover, The Ultimate Guide to the Mechanical Engineering Interview

He also said that he has not worked on marketing this book much or made many profits off the book, as he believes he doesn't need to. The book, as he said, is there to help others and provide an additional resource that he wished was available to him when he was in school. “When I was an underclassman, it was impossible to find study material for technical interviews,” Chien said.

To access Chien’s book for free, visit mechanicalengineeringinterview.com and use coupon code ILLINI.

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This story was published October 26, 2023.

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DefenseWERX

Mechanical engineering internship – summer 2024 at sofwerx.

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Organization

SOFWERX is a venue operated under an agreement between the United States Special Operations Command (USSOCOM) and DefenseWERX, designed to increase collaboration and innovation in order to solve the most difficult warfighter problems. SOFWERX is a forum for accelerating delivery of innovative capability, and facilitating capability refinement through exploration, experimentation, and assessment of promising technology. SOFWERX is in the heart of Ybor City, at a neutral, easily accessible facility.

Responsibilities

Assist the SOFWERX team in mechanical design of various projects, working closely with a small team on multidisciplinary engineering problems.

Requirements

MUST BE ELIGIBLE FOR A SECURITY CLEARANCE

Pursuing a bachelor’s degree in Mechanical Engineering at a local accredited University

Junior or Senior level, with a current GPA of 3.0 or above

Must be comfortable operating general shop tools

Must have experience 3D printing and 3D modeling with Solidworks

Strong technical and organizational skills

Excellent written and verbal communication skills

Must have the ability to work in a dynamic, fast paced, rapidly changing environment

Must participate in weekly market research and submit minimum required entries for new capabilities, technologies, companies, organizations, etc. that could contribute to the innovative ideas needed to create solutions for the warfighter.

Time Commitment

Hours of operation are 8:00 am to 5:00 pm Monday thru Friday

This position requires a minimum of 15 hours and a maximum of 20 hours per week during the Fall/Spring semesters and up to 29 hours per week during the Summer semester

This internship is in-person with limited remote work opportunities

Opportunities

Receive direct supervision from the Foundry Manager

Engage in employee events, such as team building

Build resume and explore career options

Apply skills and knowledge to the workplace

Upon completion of the internship, a letter of recommendation can be provided upon request

Opportunity for follow-on internship based on performance

$17.50/hour

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Carnegie Robotics, LLC

2024 – mechanical engineer internship/co-op.

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Who We Are:

Carnegie Robotics partners with a variety of industry leaders to provide customized robotic solutions for any problem. Our expertise in building and deploying hardened solutions paired with our partners decades of expertise in an industry lead to very successful outcomes. We are not afraid to take on the challenges of any industry, and have applications in a wide variety of ways: floor scrubbing, boating, logistics, industrial inspection, precision positioning, mining, off-road autonomy, and minesweeping. Whether you already have an interest in robotics, or are just joining the field and are looking to find your “niche”, Carnegie Robotics is the place for you.

Interning with us:

Carnegie Robotics seeks outstanding students for our internships and co-ops. We view internships as excellent opportunities for us to learn about potential full-time hires while also contributing to students’ education and their understanding of work practices in an engineering setting. Many of our interns return annually and take on ever more challenging tasks or join our team as a full time hire. Please note that this is a full time, on site position.

We accept college sophomore, junior, senior, masters and PhD level students. In all cases we expect to see excellent grades, work ethic and a strong desire to accomplish goals. We pay well and will equip you to grow in your technical abilities.

As part of the internship, you will present your work to the leadership team of CRL (CEO, Chief Scientist, Staff Engineers etc) as well as to the other mentors and interns. This is a great opportunity to learn presentation skills, document your work, and answer technical questions.

Work assigned to interns depends largely on business needs at the time of internship. Some examples of previous areas of work include:

Contributed to a camera housing that later entered production
Design a vacuum form mold for a robot body panel
Design optical alignment tooling for the production team
Design a custom test for a robotic component or subsystem
Helped develop a test apparatus to simulate the motion of a pipe inspection camera

Testing and Analysis

Analyze production performance data on camera build quality and speed
Perform thermal analysis on an embedded computer
Perform finite element analysis to determine the vibration performance of a camera
Analyze test failures and field failures of robot components, propose redesign
Perform thermal analysis of high performance, fanless computer operating in a rugged environment
Salt spray and vibration testing of rugged cameras.
Assisted with live field testing a marine perception system in a Pittsburgh marina.

Interfacing with a Multidisciplinary team

Learn about computer vision camera models and computer vision algorithms
Test and document robot performance

Successful Mechanical Internship candidates often bring the following to Carnegie Robotics:

Take a hands-on approach to engineering; an interest in learning how to tool and machine designs, have an iterative approach, and the curiosity to see a project through to completion
Have designed and built their own complex engineering projects and share a portfolio of their projects (If your academic coursework is more team based, we’re interested in how and what you contributed)
Participation in a club or activity where teamwork and collaboration are emphasized – whether it’s First Robotics in High School, a Society of Engineers, Formula SAE, SAE Baja, SAE Aero, or a non engineering interest; we’re interested in how you interact and engage with others, build upon ideas, collaborate, and work through challenges as a team
Exhibit a thorough understanding of their engineering coursework in school; we find interns that exercise and utilize fundamental engineering principles are successful
Have some experience using computer aided design software packages. Although Carnegie Robotics primarily uses SolidWorks, experience in Unigraphics, Creo, Fusion 360, Autodesk Inventor, or similar is helpful.

Hourly wage range is based on education and experience

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