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What is a Theoretical Framework? | A Step-by-Step Guide

Published on 14 February 2020 by Shona McCombes . Revised on 10 October 2022.

A theoretical framework is a foundational review of existing theories that serves as a roadmap for developing the arguments you will use in your own work.

Theories are developed by researchers to explain phenomena, draw connections, and make predictions. In a theoretical framework, you explain the existing theories that support your research, showing that your work is grounded in established ideas.

In other words, your theoretical framework justifies and contextualises your later research, and it’s a crucial first step for your research paper , thesis, or dissertation . A well-rounded theoretical framework sets you up for success later on in your research and writing process.

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Table of contents

Why do you need a theoretical framework, how to write a theoretical framework, structuring your theoretical framework, example of a theoretical framework, frequently asked questions about theoretical frameworks.

Before you start your own research, it’s crucial to familiarise yourself with the theories and models that other researchers have already developed. Your theoretical framework is your opportunity to present and explain what you’ve learned, situated within your future research topic.

There’s a good chance that many different theories about your topic already exist, especially if the topic is broad. In your theoretical framework, you will evaluate, compare, and select the most relevant ones.

By “framing” your research within a clearly defined field, you make the reader aware of the assumptions that inform your approach, showing the rationale behind your choices for later sections, like methodology and discussion . This part of your dissertation lays the foundations that will support your analysis, helping you interpret your results and make broader generalisations .

• In literature , a scholar using postmodernist literary theory would analyse The Great Gatsby differently than a scholar using Marxist literary theory.
• In psychology , a behaviourist approach to depression would involve different research methods and assumptions than a psychoanalytic approach.
• In economics , wealth inequality would be explained and interpreted differently based on a classical economics approach than based on a Keynesian economics one.

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To create your own theoretical framework, you can follow these three steps:

• Identifying your key concepts
• Evaluating and explaining relevant theories
• Showing how your research fits into existing research

1. Identify your key concepts

The first step is to pick out the key terms from your problem statement and research questions . Concepts often have multiple definitions, so your theoretical framework should also clearly define what you mean by each term.

To investigate this problem, you have identified and plan to focus on the following problem statement, objective, and research questions:

Problem : Many online customers do not return to make subsequent purchases.

Objective : To increase the quantity of return customers.

Research question : How can the satisfaction of company X’s online customers be improved in order to increase the quantity of return customers?

2. Evaluate and explain relevant theories

By conducting a thorough literature review , you can determine how other researchers have defined these key concepts and drawn connections between them. As you write your theoretical framework, your aim is to compare and critically evaluate the approaches that different authors have taken.

After discussing different models and theories, you can establish the definitions that best fit your research and justify why. You can even combine theories from different fields to build your own unique framework if this better suits your topic.

Make sure to at least briefly mention each of the most important theories related to your key concepts. If there is a well-established theory that you don’t want to apply to your own research, explain why it isn’t suitable for your purposes.

3. Show how your research fits into existing research

Apart from summarising and discussing existing theories, your theoretical framework should show how your project will make use of these ideas and take them a step further.

You might aim to do one or more of the following:

• Test whether a theory holds in a specific, previously unexamined context
• Use an existing theory as a basis for interpreting your results
• Critique or challenge a theory
• Combine different theories in a new or unique way

A theoretical framework can sometimes be integrated into a literature review chapter , but it can also be included as its own chapter or section in your dissertation. As a rule of thumb, if your research involves dealing with a lot of complex theories, it’s a good idea to include a separate theoretical framework chapter.

There are no fixed rules for structuring your theoretical framework, but it’s best to double-check with your department or institution to make sure they don’t have any formatting guidelines. The most important thing is to create a clear, logical structure. There are a few ways to do this:

• Draw on your research questions, structuring each section around a question or key concept
• Organise by theory cluster
• Organise by date

As in all other parts of your research paper , thesis, or dissertation , make sure to properly cite your sources to avoid plagiarism .

To get a sense of what this part of your thesis or dissertation might look like, take a look at our full example .

While a theoretical framework describes the theoretical underpinnings of your work based on existing research, a conceptual framework allows you to draw your own conclusions, mapping out the variables you may use in your study and the interplay between them.

A literature review and a theoretical framework are not the same thing and cannot be used interchangeably. While a theoretical framework describes the theoretical underpinnings of your work, a literature review critically evaluates existing research relating to your topic. You’ll likely need both in your dissertation .

A theoretical framework can sometimes be integrated into a  literature review chapter , but it can also be included as its own chapter or section in your dissertation . As a rule of thumb, if your research involves dealing with a lot of complex theories, it’s a good idea to include a separate theoretical framework chapter.

A literature review is a survey of scholarly sources (such as books, journal articles, and theses) related to a specific topic or research question .

It is often written as part of a dissertation , thesis, research paper , or proposal .

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McCombes, S. (2022, October 10). What is a Theoretical Framework? | A Step-by-Step Guide. Scribbr. Retrieved 31 May 2024, from https://www.scribbr.co.uk/thesis-dissertation/the-theoretical-framework/

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Example Of A Theoretical Framework In A Dissertation

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An example of a theoretical framework anchors a research paper to a specific theory. Researchers use theoretical frameworks in various fields to provide a premise for the ideas proposed in a research publication. It typically entails the key concepts, theories, and ideas tbonnet shape the methodology and research question.   This article delves into an example of a theoretical framework, exploring how it functions as an integral component of research design, leading to the conclusion.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

• 1 Example of a Theoretical Framework – In a Nutshell
• 2 Definition: Example of a theoretical framework
• 3 Example of a theoretical framework – Problem statement & research questions

Example of a Theoretical Framework – In a Nutshell

• An example of a theoretical framework outlines the theory-based approach taken when conducting research.
• The example of a theoretical framework comprises the problem statement , research question, and relevant litreature review .
• A well formulated example of a theoretical framework is essential to guide your research and methodology to explain and summarize your findings convincingly.

Definition: Example of a theoretical framework

An example of a theoretical framework is a structure tbonnet defines the main ideas in a thesis or dissertation . It limits the breadth of the study by narrowing the focus to key variables and their relationship. Theoretical frameworks also give a researcher the specific structure tbonnet guides the collection and interpretation of the relevant data in a research proposal .

Example of a theoretical framework – Problem statement & research questions

The example of a theoretical framework is based on:

• The problem statement – involves contextualizing the research problem . The researcher descotes the specific issue tbonnet the study seeks to address and justifies the study’s relevance and primary objectives.
• The research questions – are focused on a specific issue, and they should be feasible and researchable using various credible sources.
• The litreature review – is an overview of published works about a certain topic, and it outlines wbonnet is currently known versus the existing gaps.

Examples of a problem statement and research questions

Find an example of a research question and problem statement below:

An insurance company is having a hard time cross-selling its products. The sales department has realised tbonnet most of the customers hold just one policy, although the company offers over ten unique policies. The company would like to have its customers purchase more than one policy since it is clear most customers are purchasing other policies from other companies.

The sales and marketing department wants to increase product awareness. They have concluded tbonnet more product awareness will improve the uptake of other products by the existing customers.

To analyse this problem, you have formulated a problem statement, objective, and a research question as follows:

• Problem: Many customers are purchasing additional policies from other companies.
• Objective: Selling more products to existing customers.
• Research question: How can customer product awareness be improved to increase cross-selling of insurance products?

In this study, the concept of “product awareness” is the main focus, alongside the chances tbonnet it will improve sales across other products. The example of a theoretical framework should analyse this concept and propose theories tbonnet discuss the relationship between the two variables.

• Wbonnet is the relationship between product awareness and sales ?
• How informed are the existing customers about the company’s products?
• Which factors determine product awareness?

Example of a theoretical framework

In the following example, we define the concept of product awareness mentioned above.

Spacey’s description is more compatible with the study as it highlights the importance of conscious marketing strategies to improve product awareness. Although Kopp and Marrs clearly define product awareness, they don’t propose an actionable step in analysing product awareness.

The insurance company wants to maximise product awareness as part of its long-term strategy. As a result, targeted marketing will ensure the products are divided and advertised to the most potential buyers.

Spacey’s Product Awareness Work Plan

According to Spacey, the more aware your target customer base is of your range of products, the easier it is to sell more products to an individual customer. Spacey explains tbonnet product awareness simplifies promoting your products through different mediums, introducing new products, building a strong reputation, and retaining customers.

Wbonnet is an example of a theoretical framework based on?

An example of a theoretical framework is based on the problem statemen t, research questions , and review of litreature sources . These essential elements guide data collection , analysis, and generalization of the findings.

Wbonnet is a research question?

A research question is a component of an example of a theoretical framework in research. It is the specific question tbonnet forms the basis of the solution proposed by a researcher at the end of a study.

When do you need an example of a theoretical framework?

You need an example of a theoretical framework when undertaking a study with several existing theories. The theoretical framework assists you in reviewing your sources and creating the most relevant research questions.

How do you create an example of a theoretical framework?

Begin by identifying your main concepts and variables. Evaluate and summarize probable theories and show how your findings correspond to the identified theories.

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Bachelor Thesis

Ba philosophy.

To finish the Bachelor's degree programme in Philosophy, a Bachelor's thesis must be written within the framework of a seminar of the elective modules 1-12 (see § 7 of the curriculum). Other courses such as proseminars and lectures are not eligible. The Bachelor's thesis replaces a seminar paper, if any, and its assessment is included in the seminar grade. It corresponds to 10 ECTS, which are added to the 5 ECTS of the seminar.

Students can choose the seminar in question themselves, but need to inform the course director before the end of the seminar in order to discuss the topic and timetable. Since the assessment of the Bachelor's thesis is included in the seminar grade, the course may not have already been graded before the Bachelor's thesis was written.

The length of the Bachelor thesis should be 9000 to 15000 words including bibliography (i.e. 30-50 pages, if one page contains 300 words). It must be submitted to the course director together with an affidavit. The template for the affidavit can be found on this page , along with other forms.

The Bachelor's Thesis Verification Form is filled out by the student and signed by the course director after grading. It can be submitted either by the institute or by the student to the Examinations Office.

A positive assessment of the Bachelor thesis requires correct spelling and correct citation. In case of ambiguities, we recommend the book Wissenschaftliches Arbeiten im Philosophiestudium  (UTB) by Flatscher/Posselt/Weiberg in addition to the documents from the SL "Einführung in die Philosophie". The Bachelor's thesis is subject to a plagiarism check by the seminar leader.

BA Secondary School Teacher Training Subject: Ethics

Curricular basis (version from the 1.10.2021)

SE seminar with Bachelor's thesis Theoretical and methodological discussion of research questions in ethics or ethics didactics; a Bachelor's thesis is to be written as part of the seminar, to which 7 (of a total of 9) ECTS-Credits are allocated. (Note: 7 ECTS correspond to 175 working hours). Learning objective of the module Graduates will be able to apply the theoretical and methodological tools of ethics to a limited set of questions. Prerequisite : positive completion of compulsory modules 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. 

Further provisions

• Topic : The thesis can be written on a topic from either ethics or ethics didactics, depending on the course offered.
• Courses offered : The BA seminar is offered in the summer semester. If possible, there is one subject-related and one subject-didactic seminar. Please note the orientation. Please note: A first BA seminar will be offered in the winter semester 24/25.
• Supervision : The thesis will be supervised by the head of the BA seminar.
• Scope (excl. bibliography and appendix): A guideline of 20-30 pages (6000-9000 words) applies.
• Deadline : The thesis is usually submitted by the end of the semester. Exceptions can only be granted by the seminar leader.
• Cover sheet form "Submission of the Bachelor thesis" : Use the completed and signed form "Submission of the Bachelor thesis". 

You may find the forms among other places here . 

FH Aachen | Heike Lachmann

Successful theses

The Bachelor's or Master's thesis is the final step in which you, as a student, show that you can successfully implement the study content - practically as well as theoretically. This provides the basis for the next steps of your professional career in science or business.

The final theses at Faculty of Chemistry and Biotechnology are usually closely related to larger-scale research projects or are carried out together with other research institutions or companies from industry. This means that the final thesis is also part of current innovative research and development. As a university of applied sciences, we are particularly interested in application-oriented topics. This results in a broad spectrum of research and development focuses. This enables you to tie in with your own interests and specialise in them - without losing the overall view. Contribute your potential in the best possible way!

We as a faculty are proud of our graduates and are pleased to be able to give you a small insight here into the variety of final theses in the fields of biotechnology, chemistry, nuclear chemistry and polymer sciences at the FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences.

Some examples of final theses

Spectroscopic characterization of aloe vera extracts, bachelor thesis (applied chemistry) by franziska block.

FH Aachen | Yulia Monakhova

Franziska Block completed her bachelor thesis with us on the topic of "Spectroscopic characterization of Aloe Vera extracts". The aim of her work was the simultaneous cost-effective quantification (multicomponent analysis) of organic acids and sugars from freeze-dried aloe vera samples. For this purpose, she applied two different spectroscopy methods - UV-VIS and NMR spectroscopy. For the latter method, the aim was to perform and adapt a method established on high-field (500 MHz) spectrometers on a less expensive 80 MHz benchtop. Overall, the work has shown that multicomponent analyses on benchtop spectrometers are quite successful for many sample substances. This method is a handy (compared to a 500 MHz high-field spectrometer), cost-effective alternative suitable for smaller laboratories. For certain constituents of aloe vera, the reference measurements of the established method could be reproduced. Other components, however, cannot be easily quantified on the 80 MHz spectrometer. However, this provides interesting aspects for subsequent work: An evaluation of the spectra by means of multivariate analysis could enable a quantitative determination of all important components. The same applies to the UV-VIS investigations.

The FH Aachen would like to thank Ms Block for her commitment and wishes her all the best for the future.

Supervisor of the thesis: Prof. Dr. Yulia Monakhova

Determination of sugars and organic acids in aloe vera extracts by HPLC

Bachelor thesis (applied chemistry) by alexander may.

The bachelor thesis of Alexander May entitled "Determination of sugars and organic acids in aloe vera extracts by means of HPLC" was carried out at FB 3 in the laboratory "Instrumental Analytics". Ingredients - sugars and organic acids - were to be determined by means of HPLC with UV detection. By varying different analysis parameters, a method was to be developed that was tested for reproducibility and robustness. An important result of this work was the comparison between two HPLC columns on which the different substances were selectively separated from each other and detected. A suitable column was found on which the sugars and acids contained in the plant could be detected simultaneously by UV. The methodology can help in the quality control of aloe vera products as well as various plant extracts, e.g. in food analysis. In the future, in addition to further refining the measurement parameters, the sample preparation will also be optimised - this will help to improve the difficult determination of sugars. In addition, the investigation of other components, such as minerals, is to be taken into account in this analysis in the future.

The FH Aachen thanks Mr May for his cooperation and wishes him continued success and all the best for the future!

Creation and optimisation of a buffer system for PEG-based nucleic acid purification using chemagen products

Master's thesis (biotechnology) by julian breuer.

Genetic engineering work has become an integral part of various industrial processes. Whether in waste management, agriculture or medicine, work with and on DNA is diverse and ecologically as well as economically promising. In order to be able to work genetically, DNA is of course needed. And to isolate it, there are different methods and procedures, depending on the organism from which it is to be isolated. Mr Julian Breuer from FH Aachen also wrote his Master's thesis on this topic. In cooperation with PerkinElmer chemagen Technologie GmbH, he examined the established buffer system for the extraction of DNA from blood and optimised it according to various parameters, such as yield, purity, DNA fragment length or runtime of the isolation. For this purpose, the buffer components were modelled with the help of a statistical data processing programme, the optimal components were determined and used according to the resulting model. Thus, various buffer systems were created and further experimentally investigated and optimised with regard to the yield and purity of the extracted DNA.

Julian Breuer

Mr Breuer was able to show that a PEG-based buffer system (polyethylene glycol) in combination with the chemagic™ 360 extraction unit is able to exceed the yields of other extraction systems without negatively affecting the purity or fragment lengths of the DNA obtained. PEG is a liquid or solid, water-soluble and non-toxic polymer that is used, for example, as a binder in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, but also plays a role in archaeological conservation. Mr Breuer's work has made a significant contribution towards a new, competitive DNA extraction system. Until then, however, further investigations are necessary, e.g. to determine the influence of the sample material.

The FH Aachen would like to thank PerkinElmer chemagen Technologie GmbH and especially Mr. Breuers for their cooperation and wishes them a successful future and all the best.

Supervisor of the thesis: Prof. Dr. Johannes Bongaerts

Development of a data basis for the taxonomic differentiation of the three subspecies of Streptococcus equi

Bachelor thesis (biotechnology) by ina li.

The identification of bacteria is of great importance, especially in medicine. Depending on which pathogenic, i.e. "disease-causing", bacteria trigger an infection, different therapies have to be applied. Accordingly, scientists all over the world are looking for ways to clearly identify bacteria. However, the small size, huge diversity and sometimes minute differences of bacteria make it almost impossible to accurately identify individual species and subspecies by morphological criteria. Therefore, bacteria are mainly distinguished and assigned to a species on the basis of genetic characteristics and their metabolic pathways. A skilful selection of tests, through the combination of the different results, then enables an exact identification of the bacterium. In cooperation with the National Reference Centre for Streptococci at the University Hospital Aachen, Ms. Ina Li from the FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences worked in her bachelor thesis on a way to distinguish between the three subspecies equi , zooepidemicus and ruminatorum of the bacterium Streptococcus equi. Streptococcus equi subsp. equi is, as the name suggests, primarily found in horses and other ruminants and causes so-called druse in them. This is an extremely contagious respiratory tract infection which, if left untreated, can pose a danger to the animals, but also to weakened humans. A clear identification of the pathogen is therefore indispensable for the selection of the right therapy. First of all, Ms Li investigated the relationships between the subspecies on the basis of certain genes. However, it turned out that this investigation was not sufficient to distinguish the subspecies. Ms Li therefore developed a combination of genetic, microbiological and metabolic tests that can reliably identify at least the equi subspecies. The differentiation of the other two subspecies, however, remains a challenge.

The FH Aachen thanks all those involved, especially Ms Li, for their cooperation and wishes all the best for the future and much success.

Construction and expression of a minimal phosphonate biosynthetic gene cluster and investigation of phosphonate biosynthesis in Kitasatospora TÜ4103

Master's thesis (biotechnology) by mattis irle.

FH Aachen | Mattis Irle

What do we do when bacteria appear against which our common antibiotics no longer have any effect? Mattis Irle will probably have asked himself this question and, in his Master's thesis in cooperation with the TU Braunschweig and the Deutsche Sammlung für Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH, investigated a largely unexplored antibiotic from the class of phosphonate antibiotics. To do this, he cultivated the actinomycete Kitasatospora sp ., which was only recently discovered to produce an antibiotically active phosphonate. Mr Irle then constructed a so-called "minimal phosphonate biosynthesis gene cluster" (mBGC), i.e. a gene sequence that carries the information for certain key enzymes of phosphonate precursor production. He then introduced this into Kitasatospora sp. and stimulated an increased reading of these genes, a so-called overexpression. Subsequently, it could be proven that the overexpression of the mBGC leads, as hoped, to an increase in phosphonate production. In addition, Mr Irle's work provides the basis for a scaled production of the phosphonate antibiotic using Kitasatospora sp. in the bioreactor, making the analysis of the substance more accessible to subsequent researchers. It was also surprising that Kitasatospora sp . apparently produces another antibiotically active substance, which, however, has yet to be identified.

The FH Aachen thanks Mr Irle for his cooperation and wishes him continued success and all the best for the future!

Supervisor:s of the thesis: Prof. Dr. Bongaerts

Analysis of the integration sites for high and stable expression in CAP® cells

Bachelor thesis (biotechnology) by timon rausch.

FH Aachen | Victor Messerschmidt

In recent years, viruses have played an unusually large role. The pandemic emphatically showed that research into viral infections and viruses is and remains a central challenge for medicine. On the other hand, viruses can also be very useful. For example, they serve as so-called gene ferries in gene therapy. Here, the natural behaviour of viruses is used to smuggle their DNA first into the cell and then into its genome. The cells are thus given the opportunity to repair a genetic defect, for example. For such gene therapies, however, larger quantities of viruses are needed, which must first be produced in insect or mammalian cells. And this is where Timon Rausch started his research. He set himself the goal of looking for places in the human genome where an introduced viral DNA can be particularly effective and form as many viral copies as possible. What sounds slightly like the plan of a Bond villain is of great importance for virology. Thus, based on Mr. Rausch's results, virus production in human cells can be increased and made more efficient, thus simplifying research with (human pathogenic) viruses worldwide.

The FH Aachen would like to thank Mr Rausch for his commitment and wishes him all the best for the future.

Supervisor:s of the thesis: Prof. Dr. Jost Seibler

The all-or-nothing response of mast cells at the single cell level after activation by FcεRI

Bachelor thesis (biotechnology) by julia dickmeis.

RWTH Aachen | EME

In the course of her bachelor's thesis at the Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Immunology at RWTH Aachen University, Julia Dickmeis researched the reaction of mast cells when they were stimulated via a special receptor (FcεRI), as is the case, for example, in an allergic reaction. This involved the behaviour of mast cells, that some of them secrete inflammatory mediators, in technical jargon "degranulate", whereas other mast cells do not. In this context, she compared two different methods in order to expand the experimental repertoire of the research group and to establish a new method that allows extended insights into mast cells. The method used by Ms Dickmeis in her work was able to show a behaviour of the cells that previous methods could not detect. Thus, it could be confirmed that when the Fcε receptors are stimulated, the degranulation of the mast cells actually takes place differently, i.e. not all cells show the same response to the stimulus. With the knowledge she has gained, Ms Dickmeis contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms of allergic reactions, for example, or to refining therapies for autoimmune reactions. However, the more detailed backgrounds of this "all-or-nothing" reaction of the mast cells need to be further investigated in order to be better understood.

The University of Applied Sciences thanks Ms Dickmeis for her commitment and wishes her every success for the future.

Supervisor:s of the thesis: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Peter Öhlschläger

Experimental assessment and modelling of inhibition to maximise the yield of hydrogen formation with Thermotoga neapolitana

Bachelor thesis (biotechnology) by jessica graalmann.

A multi-parameter optimisation of hydrogen productivity and yield was carried out using combined experimental and modelling methods. Anaerobic fermentations at 77 °C for 46 to 72 hours were used. The pH inhibition, influence of buffer type, ionic strength and media additives were investigated. It was found that the organism is strongly pH inhibited and increases its productivity with buffers of low molarity. Furthermore, salt additives could be determined that increase the hydrogen yield. In the course of the optimisations, the theoretically possible hydrogen yield of 4.0 mol H2 per mol glucose with Yhydrogen= 3.9 ± 0.2 molH2-molGlucose-1 , could almost be achieved. Furthermore, acetate and lactate were produced as valuable by-products. Yacetate=1 .76 ± 0.14 molacetate-molglucose-1 , Ylactate=0 .20 ± 0.02 mollactate-molglucose-1 .

This provides a process by which hydrogen can be obtained from renewable plant raw materials without the use of electrical energy.

This is work in an ongoing research project. The research is being continued within the framework of several final theses. A demonstration plant for the production of hydrogen from biowaste is currently being developed. In another project, an electro-biotechnological approach is being pursued with which electrons can be transferred into the microorganisms in order to increase the yield beyond the theoretical metabolic maximum.

The University of Applied Sciences thanks Ms Graalmann for her commitment and wishes her every success for the future.

Supervisor:s of the thesis:

• Prof. Dr.-Ing. Nils Tippkötter, Bioprocess Engineering and Downstream Processing
• M. Sc. Berit Rothkranz, Biochemical Engineering and Downstream Processing

Extraction and chromatographic separation of lipophilic biomolecules from algae cultures with supercritical CO2

Master's thesis (biotechnology) by lena braun.

In developing the method for chromatographic separation, the optimal parameter settings were determined using statistical design of experiments (DoE). The separation of the three unsaturated fatty acids oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid was successful, but the individual products could not be isolated in complete pure form. The supercritical extraction was first carried out with a fatty acid standard to determine the best settings for the parameters. After optimising the parameters, the fatty acids were extracted from the algae Acutodemus obliquus and Chlorella sorokiniana . From C. sor okiniana three times the amount of free fatty acids of A. obliquus could be extracted. The extraction of the fatty acids is almost complete in a single step; a preceding cell disruption using a high-pressure homogeniser is not necessary. With the results, a laboratory procedure could be established with which bio-certifiable fatty acids can be extracted from algae. The algae are used to purify paper mill effluent, so that there is a closed-loop process with high added value. The fatty acids have a large market in the cosmetics sector and as food additives.

It could be shown that the integrated extraction, separation and purification of the fatty acids is feasible. A technical publication is to be submitted from the results. Furthermore, a follow-up project is planned to further optimise the separation and scale up the process to the 50 L scale.

The University of Applied Sciences thanks Ms Braun for her commitment and wishes her every success for the future.

• Dr. Simone Krafft, Biochemical Engineering and Downstream Processing

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For current information about the demonstrations, see uva.nl/protests External link . 

Presentation Master's Thesis - Jannes van Beek - Developmental psychology

Roeterseilandcampus - Gebouw G, Straat: Nieuwe Achtergracht 129-B, Ruimte: GS.05

The use of social media has become widespread, with 45% of adolescents reporting near-constant online activity. 7.4% of European adolescents exhibit signs of problematic social media use (PSMU), characterized by an inability to stop using social media and neglect of one’s health and functioning in several life domains. Previous research indicates that individuals with ADHD are more prone to develop PSMU. This thesis investigates the role of inhibition deficits, commonly linked to both ADHD and PSMU, and hypothesizes that these deficits mediate the relationship between ADHD and PSMU. The research question is as follows: “To what extent does the mediating effect of inhibition explain the relationship between ADHD and problematic social media use?” To explore this, we conducted a cross-sectional, correlational, pilot study with 111 participants. During the presentation I will discuss the findings, implications, and potential for future research.