business problem solving proposal

3. State the problem or need.

This is where you share a summary of the issue impacting the potential client. This is your opportunity to show them you understand their needs and the problem they need help solving.

In the example above, I included several signals to showcase my expertise – that I've been in the photography biz for 10 years, that I've worked with over 500 clients, and that I've been featured a number of publications. 

As you approach this section, focus on presenting yourself as an authority. Consider leveraging tools like:

• Case studies
• Client testimonials
• Relevant awards
• Industry accreditations

6. Include pricing options.

Pricing is where things can get a bit tricky, as you don't want to under or over-price your product.

The pricing section of your proposal could include:

• A detailed pricing breakdown, including packages, tiers, and add-ons or optional services
• How product features and benefits align with pricing choices
• Pricing for different needs and budgets
• How your pricing compares with competitors
• An FAQ section to respond to anticipated objections and explain your pricing strategy

7. Summarize with a conclusion.

After sharing the above information, simplify it all into one final section.

• First, briefly summarize the proposal. Be sure to share your qualifications and why you’d serve as the best choice.
• Then, to prompt further conversation, confirm your availability to go over the next steps.
• At the end of the proposal, the goal is to have the client ready to work with you. So, be sure to offer your contact information for easy follow-up.

In need of some inspiration before you begin writing? Here are example business proposal templates from popular business proposal software companies you can use to help create your proposal.

1. HubSpot's Free Business Plan Templates

Download these Templates

We know how crucial a great business proposal is to your and your client’s success. That's why we've compiled 2 Free Business Proposal Templates for you to use and customize for any of your projects.

You'll gain access to a concise, one-page template (pictured above), as well as a longer template for you to refine your plan and proposal.

Download the templates now to get started on building your proposal.

What We Like

The one-page template is clear, straightforward, and easy to read — without skipping on the key elements of a business proposal. This format is especially useful for busy clients who appreciate brevity and clarity.

2. Web Design Proposal

With advertising on social networks projected to reach $82.23 billion dollars in 2025 , it's in your business's best interest to have a plan for growing your client's social media presence.

To help you in that effort, the information in this social media marketing proposal includes an executive summary to help introduce your high-level ideas, an assessment of the client’s company to show your diligence, and a breakdown of billing to show how your company charges for posting, content creation, and analytics.

This template includes all the bells and whistles of a social media proposal packaged in a fun yet professional design. It also includes helpful writing instructions under each section.

8. Content Marketing Proposal

Business proposal templates are helpful places to get started, but what should your business proposal look like when it's complete? This template should inspire you.

When pitching your content marketing services to clients, this template can help you organize your ideas. While it walks you through initial objectives and how to communicate your prospected results, one of the most helpful parts of this template is the pricing ideas it gives you when charging for your services.

In the business template example below, Social Portal Consulting (SPC) pitches a marketing proposal to Graphic Bean. At first sight, this proposal appeals to the creative. I recommend going a step forward and designing the layout in your or your client’s brand colors.

Besides the design, the social media icons quickly tell the prospect what platforms Social Portal is pitching. Because we see Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Pinterest icons, the client instantly knows that this proposal doesn’t include LinkedIn, YouTube, or other platforms.

While maintaining its design, this example outlines Social Portal Consulting’s plans efficiently. It begins by providing insight into Graphic Bean and its goals before elaborating on how SPC can leverage its expertise to help them achieve them.

This business proposal template includes an easy-to-follow timeframe for goals and objectives while keeping the client abreast of how payment will happen across the project.

Overall, this is an excellent example of how to combine the elements of social media marketing into a creative and concise business proposal. Finally, we'll leave you with some business proposal ideas to get you started on your own.

• Start with an outline.
• Keep it simple.
• Stay on brand.
• Quality control.
• Include data and visuals.
• Add social proof.
• Use a call-to-action.
• Create a sense of urgency.
• Make the decision for them.
• Incorporate video into your proposal.
• Include up-sell and add-on opportunities.
• Clarify your terms and conditions.
• Include a space for signatures to document agreement.
• Create a table of contents.

1. Start with an outline.

If you want to produce a thoughtful, effective business proposal, you need to have some idea of what you're hoping to achieve with it.

Before I dive into writing a proposal, I always outline the major sections of the proposal that I want to include. That way, I can stay focused and make sure my message stays intact as I write.

Use these free business proposal templates to make sure that your outline includes everything you need.

2. Keep it simple.

Ultimately, there's no definitive blueprint for how long a business proposal has to be. Yours should be however long it takes to convey the information you want to get across.

That said, I'm a firm believer in quality over quantity, especially when it comes to business proposals. Keep your sentences short and simple, and avoid including too much business jargon.

You want anyone who picks up your proposal to make sense of it. So, be straightforward and don't get too fancy. Aim for substance over flash.

3. Stay on brand.

Don't be afraid to let your company's personality shine through in your proposal. Stay true to your brand and show the client what sets you apart from your competitors.

4. Quality control.

I've made it a habit to add an editing/QA step in my writing process. During this step, I do a quick spelling and grammar check before hitting send.

So, as you draft your proposal, and after checking for the basics, keep scanning this document until it's just right.

Check to make sure your proposal:

• Meets client needs and expectations
• Highlights your value proposition
• Is well-structured and easy to read or skim
• Complies with legal, ethical, and regulatory requirements
• Looks professional and engaging

5. Include data and visuals.

You want your business proposal to capture your prospect's attention and help set you apart from any other ones they might have received. One of the best ways to do that is to include hard, quantitative data that helps stress the value of your business.

Use relevant, compelling figures that highlight what you have to offer. This can establish authority and make your proposal more convincing. It also helps to include visuals such as charts and graphs to enhance your proposal.

6. Add social proof.

From my experience, you can only be so convincing when you're personally talking up how great your business is — which is why adding social proof is key to establishing credibility.

At the end of the day, prospects are skeptical. They may not take you at your word. But they'll likely trust peers and fellow customers. That's why including elements like customer quotes and testimonials can go a long way.

7. Use a call-to-action.

I've learned that the best proposal in the world can only take you so far if you don't clearly define the next steps. That's why you have to make sure the reader knows what to do after reading your proposal.

A clear call-to-action is the best way to get there.

Define and highlight exactly what they should do to act on the interest your proposal has generated. Without that guidance, you might leave your reader in limbo.

HubSpot customers : Use this CTA builder to create powerful customized CTAs.

8. Create a sense of urgency.

No one wants to feel as if they missed out on a great opportunity. From my experience, prospect tend to drag their feet and put off making a decision if there isn't a sense of urgency.

So, as you create your business proposal, your goal should be to add a degree of urgency. When prospective clients read your business proposal they should feel that the best time to sign up for your service is now .

One way I accomplish this is by stating short and long-term goals for their business. They'll have to wait for the long-term goals, but I make the short-term goals so enticing that they'll be ready to begin a collaboration.

9. Make the decision for them.

Craft your copy in a way that seems like saying "no" to the proposal would be stepping over dollars to pick up pennies. Your offer should go above and beyond their expectations. Do everything in your power to remove friction and objections along the way.

10. Incorporate video into your proposal.

If you're creating an online proposal using document file formats like PDF, add multimedia elements. This will enhance the proposal experience, make your document richer, and keep them engaged.

Try adding a video at the beginning as an intro to your proposal. Or, put a video in the project breakdown to verbally discuss some of the more confusing parts.

Extras like this can make an impression. This tip works especially well with prospects who are visual or auditory communicators.

Pro tip : HubSpot Video makes it easy to record and embed video into a website or email for a big proposal boost.

11. Include up-sell and add-on opportunities.

They say you won't receive unless you ask. And readers won't explore the upper tiers of your solutions if you don't give them the opportunity.

So, share some upsells and add-ons about your business that they can act on. Call out a specific pain point and how this extra can add value.

With this step, balance is important. Show them everything your business has to offer without overwhelming your recipient.

12. Clarify your terms and conditions.

Your business proposal should include details on your project timeline and payment schedule. This summary is basically what you and the client agree to if they accept your proposal.

Don't forget to share this post!

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How to Write Business Proposal (Examples + Free Templates)

By Aditya Sheth , Jan 25, 2024

The great Mark Cuban once said, “Sales cure all.” If a business doesn’t sell, it doesn’t make money and by extension the business fails. That’s why you need to write business proposals .

A well-written business proposal can often mean the difference between winning or losing a prospective client.

In this in-depth guide to creating business proposals, we show you how to close more deals, make more sales and crush your business goals — all by using easy-to-edit professional business proposal templates .

Here’s what this guide will cover (click to jump ahead):

What is a business proposal, what are the components of a business proposal.

• How to write a business proposal step by step

What should you include in a business proposal?

What are the types of business proposals, more business proposal examples + writing and design tips.

• FAQs about business proposals

Looking for a shortcut? Watch this quick video for an overview of everything to include in your business proposal:

A business proposal is a document designed to outline a business plan to convince potential client, investor or partner to engage in a business agreement with you or your company. It’s basically a sales pitch in writing to persuade potential clients to show them benefits of working with you or your company for their business success.

A business proposal outlines what your business does and what you can do for your client . It can be general like this business proposal example:

Or it can be more specific, like this business proposal template which focuses on proposing a project for the Newton Center Rail:

Or this business proposal sample, which presents a plan for a social media strategy and campaign:

To design a business proposal that holds the client’s attention, identify their pain points . Then provide your buyer with the right solution to alleviate those frustrations.

Working on a new project? These project proposal examples might come in handy for you.

The components of a business proposal can change depending on the field, company size and client needs. While details may differ, strong proposals typically introduce your company, explain the problem, offer a solution and its benefits, highlight your team’s skills, and outline timeline, cost and next steps.

How to write a business proposal step by step

Before you start creating your business proposal template, you need to understand the business proposal format. At a high level, your effective business proposal should include the following:

• Create a compelling business proposal title
• Build a table of contents
• Craft the executive summary
• Write a detailed problem statement
• Propose your solutions
• Showcase your team’s expertise
• Create a realistic timeline
• Present your payment structure
• Specify the terms and conditions
• Receiving the decision

Below, you can see business proposal examples that demonstrate how to include these 10 sections.

1. Create a compelling business proposal title

A compelling title could mean the difference between someone reading your proposal or ignoring it in favor of a competitor’s . 

What makes a good title page? Here are the essential elements to include: 

• Your name along with your company’s name
• The name of the prospect (or their business) 
• The date you’re submitting the proposal

The gray business consulting proposal template above contains all the details a prospect would want to know. The title also offers a strong tangible benefit to the prospective buyer. Honestly, “Who doesn’t want to grow their business?”

2. Build a table of contents

The table of contents is a fundamental part of every winning business proposal template. It makes your proposal scannable and easy to read.

The people you will be pitching to are usually C-level executives. These are busy people who don’t have time to read your entire proposal in one go.

That’s why most of the business proposal examples in this list include a table of contents.

Adding a table of contents to your document makes it easy for them to go through it at their own pace. They can also skim through parts of the proposal that they deem more important. You can see how this abstract business proposal template uses the table of contents:

You can also make your business proposal template easier to navigate by adding hyperlinks to the document, particularly in the table of contents. This way your clients can jump to specific sections without having to scroll through the entire document. 

It’s easy to add hyperlinks in the Venngage editor. Select the text you’d like to turn into a link, then click the link icon in the top bar. From there, select the page you want to link to! Then download your completed design as an Interactive PDF .

3. Craft the executive summary

The executive summary is a staple in all kinds of annual reports , leadership development plan , project plans and even marketing plans . It is a concise summary of the entire contents of your document. In other words, write a business proposal outline that is easy to glance over and that highlights your value proposition.

The goals of your executive summary are:

• Introduce your company to your buyer
• Provide an overview of your company goals
• Showcase your company’s milestones, overall vision and future plans
• Include any other relevant details

This gray business proposal example has a detailed yet short executive summary including some social proof in the form of clients they’ve worked with:

Take note of how precise this business proposal example is. You want to keep your executive summary concise and clear from the get-go. This sets the right tone for the rest of your proposal. It also gives your buyer a reason to continue reading your proposal.

Crafting an executive summary and keeping it concise and compelling can be challenging. but you can use an AI summarizer online to generate an executive summary. Such tools are trained on relevant AI models that can extract core points from a given text. You can get such a point either in bullet form or in abstract summary form.

Pro Tip: Try to write an executive summary such that, even if your prospective client doesn’t read the entire proposal (with a good executive summary, they most likely will), they should have a clear idea about what your company does and how you can help them.

4. Write a detailed problem statement

The point of writing a business proposal is to solve a buyer’s problem. Your goal is to outline the problem statement as clearly as possible. This develops a sense of urgency in your prospect. They will want to find a solution to the problem. And you have that solution.

 A well-defined problem statement does two things: 

• It shows the prospect you have done your homework instead of sending a generic pitch
• It creates an opportunity for you to point out a problem your prospect might not be aware they had in the first place. 

This bold business proposal template above clearly outlines the problem at hand and also offers a ray of hope i.e. how you can solve your prospect’s problem. This brings me to… 

5. P ropose your solutions

The good stuff. In the proposed solution section, you show how you can alleviate your prospective buyer’s pain points. This can fit onto the problem statement section but if you have a comprehensive solution or prefer to elaborate on the details, a separate section is a good idea.

Spare no details regarding the solution you will provide. When you write a business proposal, explain how you plan to deliver the solution. Include an estimated timeline of when they can expect your solution and other relevant details.

For inspiration, look at how this business proposal template quickly and succinctly outlines the project plan, deliverables and metrics :

6. Showcase your team’s expertise

At this point, the prospect you’re pitching your solution to likes what they’re reading. But they may not trust you to deliver on your promises. Why is this?

It’s because they don’t know you. Your job is to convince them that you can fix their problem. This section is important because it acts as social proof. You can highlight what your company does best and how qualified your team is when you write a business proposal for a potential client.

This free business proposal template showcases the company’s accolades, client testimonials, relevant case studies, and industry awards. You can also include other forms of social proof to establish yourself as a credible business. This makes it that much more likely that they will say yes!

Pro Tip: Attaching in-depth case studies of your work is a great way to build trust with a potential client by showcasing how you’ve solved similar problems for other clients in the past. Our case study examples post can show you how to do just that.

7. Create a realistic timeline

To further demonstrate just how prepared you are, it’s important to outline the next steps you will take should your buyer decide to work with you.

Provide a timeline of how and when you will complete all your deliverables. You can do this by designing a  flow chart . Or add a  roadmap  with deadlines. Pitching a long-term project? A timeline infographic would be a better fit.

If you look at this abstract business proposal template below, even something as simple as a table can do the trick.

The timeline is not always set in stone, rather it’s an estimation. The goal is to clarify any questions your potential client might have about how you will deliver for the underlying B2B sales process.

8. Present your payment and terms

On this page, you can outline your fees, payment schedule, invoice payment terms , as well as legal aspects involved in this deal. You can even use the  Excel Invoice Template  to create professional-looking invoices (including brand logo and other elements) and add them to this page.

The key to good pricing is to provide your buyer with options. A  pricing comparison table can help with this. You want to give your client some room to work with. Make sure you’re not scaring off your client with a high price, nor undervaluing yourself. 

Breaking up your pricing in stages is another great way to make sure your potential client knows what he’s paying for. Look at how this simple business proposal template does this:

The legal aspects can slot right into the terms and conditions section. Alternatively, you can add them to the signature section of the proposal to keep things simple.

9. Specify the terms and conditions

Summarize everything you have promised to deliver so far. Include what you expect from your prospective buyer in return.   Add the overall project timeline from start to end, as well as payment methods and payment schedule, incorporating these details into an online digital project management tool. This way, both of you will be clear on what is being agreed on.

This step is very important as it outlines all the legal aspects of the deal. That is why the terms and conditions section of your proposal needs to be as clear as possible.

I recommend consulting a lawyer or your legal team when working on this section of the business proposal. If you’re a business veteran and understand the legalities of your business, you can use the same terms and conditions across all your proposals.

10. Receiving the decision

The final step of this whole process. Your client has read your business proposal and they want to buy what you have to offer.

Add a small section at the end of your proposal to get the necessary signatures. This way, you and your client can sign the proposal and the partnership becomes official.

Be sure to also include your contact information in your business proposal template. It acts as a gentle prompt to your client to contact you in case they have any questions. A professional way of doig that would be to include an e-business card with your contact details, email i.d and any other social links you want to share. You can go through this article for the best digital business cards .

A business proposal usually aims to answer the following questions: 

• Who you are and what your company does
• The problem your buyer is facing
• The solution your company offers to alleviate the problem
• How your company will implement this solution effectively
• An estimate of resources (time, money, etc) required to implement the solution

You can see how this sample business proposal template covers the above points.

Notice how this proposal template addresses the same project like in one of the previous templates, but uses a completely different design style (more retro, while the previous business proposal template is more modern and minimalistic).

Generally, there are three types of business proposals:

1. Formally solicited 

A formally solicited business proposal is made when you respond to an official request to write a business proposal.

In this scenario, you know all the requirements and have more (if not all) information about a prospective buyer. You simply need to write the business proposal for your buyer to evaluate so you can begin the sales process .

2. Informally solicited 

Informally solicited business proposals are written when there isn’t an official request for a proposal. A prospective buyer is interested in your services and asks for a proposal so they can evaluate it.

An informally solicited proposal requires a lot more research from your end. These types of proposals are usually created out of informal conversations. They are not based on official requests which often contain more detail.

3. Unsolicited 

Think of this as a marketing brochure or a cold email . Unsolicited business proposals will often take a generic, one-size-fits-all approach to business proposals. Unsolicited proposals lack any understanding of the buyer or their requirements.

But with additional  market research , personalization and identifying customer pain points , you can propose a customized solution based on your buyer’s needs. This can be a very persuasive approach, such as in this business proposal example:

Now that you know how to write a business proposal, let’s look at how you can optimize your proposal to deliver results!

Below you’ll find some winning business proposal templates and examples to get you started. I’ve also included some design tips to keep in mind when you’re creating your next business proposal: 

1. Know your audience 

If you have some clarity on who your ideal buyer is — their pain points, their budget, deadlines, among other things — you’ve already won half the battle.

If you are a business that helps clients with everything from running giveaways or helping grow their blog , identify which customers to pitch. This is a sure-shot way to close the deal.

Mapping user personas  for your ideal buyer can help bring some clarity. It will also help you position your business proposal correctly. This improves the chance of your buyer moving your business proposal to the “Yes!” pile.

2. Put your brand front and center

If your company follows certain brand guidelines, incorporate them in your business proposal templates. Consider how business proposal examples like the one below highlight brand identity :

From the color palettes to the company logos , everything follows their brand guidelines. The result: a business proposal that’s consistent across the board.

Pro Tip: Switching this template to match your brand assets is actually pretty easy. Venngage’s My Brand Kit feature allows you to import your color palettes, logos as well as font choices. Any Venngage template can now be your template.

You can also consider this sample business proposal template:

App design companies sure do know their design. They did a phenomenal job keeping their brand colors consistent while opting for a black design. This unique color scheme also makes their white logo prominent throughout the proposal.

3. Try less text, more visuals

Have you ever read a proposal and thought to yourself, “Wow, this is all text and has no images, I love it!”? Yeah, me neither.

The free business proposal template below is a perfect example of the “less is more” principle. It does a phenomenal job of communicating what it needs to. By substituting some of the text with icons and visuals, you get a clean business proposal that’s much more scannable.

Want to keep things strictly professional? Instead of icons, you can always add your team’s headshots. This shows your buyer exactly who they’ll be working with.  

Check out this formal business proposal format for some inspiration:

4. Switch up your business proposal designs

It doesn’t hurt to go above and beyond once in a while. Jazz up your business proposal template with some extra colors. This helps make your business proposal more engaging. It also helps your buyers retain information faster.

The business proposal example alternates between black, white and grey backgrounds. It still manages to maintain consistency in its branding . Just switching up your backgrounds once in a while can also bring in some variety to an otherwise standard business proposal.

This SEO business proposal sample proves that it’s possible to switch up the colors in every other page. But it still maintains the same color scheme across the entire proposal just like a professionally designed website : 

Pro Tip: Not a color expert? Our guide on picking colors can help you pick the right color scheme for your proposals.

FAQ about business proposals

What is the purpose of a business proposal.

A business proposal aims to streamline the B2B sales process (which is often complex ) between you as a seller and a buyer.

It does this by serving the dual purpose of acting as a source of information. The proposal also acts as a sales pitch aimed at convincing your buyer why they should buy what you have to offer.

What are the best practices for business proposal design?

• Do a thorough spell-check. The goal of your business proposal is to convince your buyer why you’re the perfect person for the job. A proposal with typos or grammatical errors communicates the opposite. A thorough spell-check before you send your proposal is a must.
• Keep things clear and readable: Clarity is an important aspect that you have to ensure in your business proposal. If you want your proposal to hit home and make an impact on the buyer, you have to write it in an understandable way. To keep things clear and readable, there are a couple of things that you can do. You can, for one, take care to use easy wording and segmented sentences from the get-go. You can also try paraphrasing the hard parts of your proposal once you are done writing it.
• Let your brand shine. As discussed before, writing a business proposal is all about knowing your ideal buyer and focusing on their pain points. But that doesn’t mean your business proposal template has to be boring. Demonstrate how different you are compared to other companies. You can do this through your brand guidelines , by using more visuals, switching up your proposal design or showing off your personality in your writing . 
• Create a business proposal PDF. Downloading your business proposal in PDF format allows you to attach other collaterals with your business proposal. These can include a company explainer video or case studies showcasing the work done with past clients. Also, who doesn’t love saving paper?

How long should your business proposal be? 

The length depends on the scope of the work as well as the complexity of the project. Here is a one-page business proposal template:

Can your business proposal template really be one page? Yes, as long as you understand who your buyer is and their pain points. You should also have the ability to communicate everything your ideal buyer needs to know about your business in a succinct manner.

Or if you’re feeling adventurous how about just two pages? Often, clients prefer if you go straight to the point and avoid all the fluff.

For example, this green modern marketing proposal template wastes no time in getting down to brass tacks:

Need more inspiration? Check out this blog on the 5 marketing proposal examples that’ll help elevate your business.

There is no one size fits all approach when it comes to deciding how many pages you should include in your business proposal template. And at the end of the day, “the only rules are the ones you set for yourself”.

At the end of the day, writing winning business proposals that sell is all about you understanding your buyer, their potential pain points and positioning yourself as someone who can alleviate those pain points. 

Now that you know how to write compelling business proposals, what are you waiting for?

Take action and start creating your own business proposals to close more deals and grow your business today!

More business communications templates + writing tips you might be interested in…

• 31 Consulting Proposal Templates to Close Deals
• 20+ Professional Business Letterhead Templates + Branding Tips
• How to Write a White Paper [Tips & Templates]

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10 Step Process for Effective Business Problem Solving

Posted august 3, 2021 by harriet genever.

When you start a small business or launch a startup, the one thing you can count on is the unexpected. No matter how thoroughly you plan, forecast , and test, problems are bound to arise. This is why as an entrepreneur, you need to know how to solve business problems effectively.

What is problem solving in business?

Problem solving in business relates to establishing processes that mitigate or remove obstacles currently preventing you from reaching strategic goals . These are typically complex issues that create a gap between actual results and your desired outcome. They may be present in a single team, operational process, or throughout your entire organization, typically without an immediate or obvious solution. 

To approach problem solving successfully, you need to establish consistent processes that help you evaluate, explore solutions, prioritize execution, and measure success. In many ways, it should be similar to how you review business performance through a monthly plan review . You work through the same documentation, look for gaps, dig deeper to identify the root cause, and hash out options. Without this process, you simply cannot expect to solve problems efficiently or effectively. 

Why problem solving is important for your business

While some would say problem-solving comes naturally, it’s actually a skill you can grow and refine over time. Problem solving skills will help you and your team tackle critical issues and conflicts as they arise. It starts from the top. You as the business owner or CEO needing to display the type of level-headed problem solving that you expect to see from your employees.

Doing so will help you and your staff quickly deal with issues, establish and refine a problem solving process, turn challenges into opportunities, and generally keep a level head. Now, the best business leaders didn’t just find a magic solution to solve their problems, they built processes and leveraged tools to find success. And you can do the same.

By following this 10-step process, you can develop your problem-solving skills and approach any issue that arises with confidence. 

1. Define the problem

When a problem arises, it can be very easy to jump right into creating a solution. However, if you don’t thoroughly examine what led to the problem in the first place, you may create a strategy that doesn’t actually solve it. You may just be treating the symptoms.

For instance, if you realize that your sales from new customers are dropping, your first inclination might be to rush into putting together a marketing plan to increase exposure. But what if decreasing sales are just a symptom of the real problem? 

When you define the problem, you want to be sure you’re not missing the forest for the trees. If you have a large issue on your hands, you’ll want to look at it from several different angles:

Competition 

Is a competitor’s promotion or pricing affecting your sales? Are there new entrants in your market? How are they marketing their product or business?

Business model 

Is your business model sustainable? Is it realistic for how fast you want to grow? Should you explore different pricing or cost strategies?

Market factors

How are world events and the nation’s economy affecting your customers and your sales?

Are there any issues affecting your team? Do they have the tools and resources they need to succeed? 

Goal alignment 

Is everyone on your team working toward the same goal ? Have you communicated your short-term and long-term business goals clearly and often?

There are a lot of ways to approach the issue when you’re facing a serious business problem. The key is to make sure you’re getting a full snapshot of what’s going on so you don’t waste money and resources on band-aid solutions. 

Going back to our example, by looking at every facet of your business, you may discover that you’re spending more on advertising than your competitors already. And instead, there’s a communication gap within your team that’s leading to the mishandling of new customers and therefore lost sales. 

If you jumped into fixing the exposure of your brand, you would have been dumping more money into an area you’re already winning. Potentially leading to greater losses as more and more new customers are dropped due to poor internal communication.

This is why it’s so vital that you explore your blind spots and track the problem to its source.

2. Conduct a SWOT analysis

All good businesses solve some sort of problem for customers. What if your particular business problem is actually an opportunity, or even a strength if considered from a different angle? This is when you’d want to conduct a SWOT analysis to determine if that is in fact the case.

SWOT is a great tool for strategic planning and bringing multiple viewpoints to the table when you’re looking at investing resources to solve a problem. This may even be incorporated in your attempts to identify the source of your problem, as it can quickly outline specific strengths and weaknesses of your business. And then by identifying any potential opportunities or threats, you can utilize your findings to kickstart a solution. 

3. Identify multiple solutions with design thinking

As you approach solving your problem, you may want to consider using the design thinking approach . It’s often used by organizations looking to solve big, community-based problems. One of its strengths is that it requires involving a wide range of people in the problem-solving process. Which leads to multiple perspectives and solutions arising.

This approach—applying your company’s skills and expertise to a problem in the market—is the basis for design thinking.

It’s not about finding the most complex problems to solve, but about finding common needs within the organization and in the real world and coming up with solutions that fit those needs. When you’re solving business problems, this applies in the sense that you’re looking for solutions that address underlying issues—you’re looking at the big picture.

4. Conduct market research and customer outreach

Market research and customer outreach aren’t the sorts of things small business owners and startups can do once and then cross off the list. When you’re facing a roadblock, think back to the last time you did some solid market research or took a deep dive into understanding the competitive landscape .

Market research and the insights you get from customer outreach aren’t a silver bullet. Many companies struggle with what they should do with conflicting data points. But it’s worth struggling through and gathering information that can help you better understand your target market . Plus, your customers can be one of the best sources of criticism. It’s actually a gift if you can avoid taking the negatives personally .

The worst thing you can do when you’re facing challenges is isolating yourself from your customers and ignore your competition. So survey your customers. Put together a competitive matrix . 

5. Seek input from your team and your mentors

Don’t do your SWOT analysis or design thinking work by yourself. The freedom to express concerns, opinions, and ideas will allow people in an organization to speak up. Their feedback is going to help you move faster and more efficiently. If you have a team in place, bring them into the discussion. You hired them to be experts in their area; use their expertise to navigate and dig deeper into underlying causes of problems and potential solutions.

If you’re running your business solo, at least bring in a trusted mentor. SCORE offers a free business mentorship program if you don’t already have one. It can also be helpful to connect with a strategic business advisor , especially if business financials aren’t your strongest suit.

Quoting Stephen Covey, who said that “strength lies in differences, not in similarities,” speaking to the importance of diversity when it comes to problem-solving in business. The more diverse a team is , the more often innovative solutions to the problems faced by the organization appear.

In fact, it has been found that groups that show greater diversity were better at solving problems than groups made up specifically of highly skilled problem solvers. So whoever you bring in to help you problem-solve, resist the urge to surround yourself with people who already agree with you about everything.

6. Apply lean planning for nimble execution

So you do your SWOT analysis and your design thinking exercise. You come up with a set of strong, data-driven ideas. But implementing them requires you to adjust your budget, or your strategic plan, or even your understanding of your target market.

Are you willing to change course? Can you quickly make adjustments? Well in order to grow, you can’t be afraid to be nimble . 

By adopting the lean business planning method —the process of revising your business strategy regularly—you’ll be able to shift your strategies more fluidly. You don’t want to change course every week, and you don’t want to fall victim to shiny object thinking. But you can strike a balance that allows you to reduce your business’s risk while keeping your team heading in the right direction.

Along the way, you’ll make strategic decisions that don’t pan out the way you hoped. The best thing you can do is test your ideas and iterate often so you’re not wasting money and resources on things that don’t work. That’s Lean Planning .

7. Model different financial scenarios

When you’re trying to solve a serious business problem, one of the best things you can do is build a few different financial forecasts so you can model different scenarios. You might find that the idea that seemed the strongest will take longer than you thought to reverse a negative financial trend. At the very least you’ll have better insight into the financial impact of moving in a different direction.

The real benefit here is looking at different tactical approaches to the same problem. Maybe instead of increasing sales right now, you’re better off in the long run if you adopt a strategy to reduce churn and retain your best customers. You won’t know unless you model a few different scenarios. You can do this by using spreadsheets, and a tool like LivePlan can make it easier and quicker.

8. Watch your cash flow

While you’re working to solve a challenging business problem, pay particular attention to your cash flow and your cash flow forecast . Understanding when your company is at risk of running out of cash in the bank can help you be proactive. It’s a lot easier to get a line of credit while your financials still look good and healthy, than when you’re one pay period away from ruin.

If you’re dealing with a serious issue, it’s easy to start to get tunnel vision. You’ll benefit from maintaining a little breathing room for your business as you figure out what to do next.

9. Use a decision-making framework

Once you’ve gathered all the information you need, generated a number of ideas, and done some financial modeling, you might still feel uncertain. It’s natural—you’re not a fortune-teller. You’re trying to make the best decision you can with the information you have.

This article offers a really useful approach to making decisions. It starts with putting your options into a matrix like this one:

Use this sort of framework to put everything you’ve learned out on the table. If you’re working with a bigger team, this sort of exercise can also bring the rest of your team to the table so they feel some ownership over the outcome.

10. Identify key metrics to track

How will you know your problem is solved? And not just the symptom—how will you know when you’ve addressed the underlying issues? Before you dive into enacting the solution, make sure you know what success looks like.

Decide on a few key performance indicators . Take a baseline measurement, and set a goal and a timeframe. You’re essentially translating your solution into a plan, complete with milestones and goals. Without these, you’ve simply made a blind decision with no way to track success. You need those goals and milestones to make your plan real .

Problem solving skills to improve

As you and your team work through this process, it’s worth keeping in mind specific problem solving skills you should continue to develop. Bolstering your ability, as well as your team, to solve problems effectively will only make this process more useful and efficient. Here are a few key skills to work on.

Emotional intelligence

It can be very easy to make quick, emotional responses in a time of crisis or when discussing something you’re passionate about. To avoid making assumptions and letting your emotions get the best of you, you need to focus on empathizing with others. This involves understanding your own emotional state, reactions and listening carefully to the responses of your team. The more you’re able to listen carefully, the better you’ll be at asking for and taking advice that actually leads to effective problem solving.

Jumping right into a solution can immediately kill the possibility of solving your problem. Just like when you start a business , you need to do the research into what the problem you’re solving actually is. Luckily, you can embed research into your problem solving by holding active reviews of financial performance and team processes. Simply asking “What? Where? When? How?” can lead to more in-depth explorations of potential issues.

The best thing you can do to grow your research abilities is to encourage and practice curiosity. Look at every problem as an opportunity. Something that may be trouble now, but is worth exploring and finding the right solution. You’ll pick up best practices, useful tools and fine-tune your own research process the more you’re willing to explore.

Brainstorming

Creatively brainstorming with your team is somewhat of an art form. There needs to be a willingness to throw everything at the wall and act as if nothing is a bad idea at the start. This style of collaboration encourages participation without fear of rejection. It also helps outline potential solutions outside of your current scope, that you can refine and turn into realistic action.

Work on breaking down problems and try to give everyone in the room a voice. The more input you allow, the greater potential you have for finding the best solution.

Decisiveness

One thing that can drag out acting upon a potential solution, is being indecisive. If you aren’t willing to state when the final cutoff for deliberation is, you simply won’t take steps quickly enough. This is when having a process for problem solving comes in handy, as it purposefully outlines when you should start taking action.

Work on choosing decision-makers, identify necessary results and be prepared to analyze and adjust if necessary. You don’t have to get it right every time, but taking action at the right time, even if it fails, is almost more vital than never taking a step.  

Stemming off failure, you need to learn to be resilient. Again, no one gets it perfect every single time. There are so many factors in play to consider and sometimes even the most well-thought-out solution doesn’t stick. Instead of being down on yourself or your team, look to separate yourself from the problem and continue to think of it as a puzzle worth solving. Every failure is a learning opportunity and it only helps you further refine and eliminate issues in your strategy.

Problem solving is a process

The key to effective problem-solving in business is the ability to adapt. You can waste a lot of resources on staying the wrong course for too long. So make a plan to reduce your risk now. Think about what you’d do if you were faced with a problem large enough to sink your business. Be as proactive as you can.

Editor’s note: This article was originally published in 2016. It was updated in 2021.

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Business proposal example, template, and how-to instructions

Why you need the ultimate library for your rfp responses.

Selling & Enablement

Updated: Jul 19th, 2023

Before I get into the business proposal example, template, and tips, I need you to remember one thing: You’re Yoda, not Luke Skywalker:

“Think about Luke Skywalker and Yoda in Star Wars. When Luke meets Yoda, he encounters the perfect guide. Yoda understands Luke’s dilemma and has mastered the skills Luke must develop if he is going to defeat the Death Star.” – Donald Miller

As the writer of a business proposal, you want to come off as the perfect guide. Your goal is to make your prospect look like Luke Skywalker, the hero of the story. The prospect doesn’t care about your product; they care about solving their problem.

What is a business proposal?

Put simply, a business proposal is your solution pitch to a prospect’s business problem. It’s you saying, “I understand your problem. This is what the situation will look like after it’s fixed. Here’s a few ways we can help you fix it. Sign here to get the solution rolling.”

It’s used often, especially if your prospect isn’t the only stakeholder involved in deciding whether or not to buy your solution. In such situations, the business proposal is the document that your prospect will share with those decision-makers. Jeff Bloomfield , sales coach and author of NeuroSelling, says, “They need to know that they are saving money with your solution when compared to the high cost of the problem you are solving.”

As succinctly as possible, you need to tell the story of how your solution will help your prospect look like Luke Skywalker. That’s not much room; the opening scroll in all the Star Wars movies takes up more than two pages.

A business proposal is brief, yet informative and customized to every prospect’s specific problem, even if you only have one solution. Remember this is about their needs rather than your features. To put it another way, it’s the photo negative of a brochure or website.

How to write a business proposal

Arguably the most important step when writing a business proposal takes place before any writing begins: Confirm interest in your solution. Odds of winning deals from unsolicited business proposals are multi-state lottery-level. Any effective business proposal starts with a conversation.

When you understand objectives and have a solution, then you can begin writing. If after identifying the prospect’s pain points you believe that your solution isn’t strong enough, then keep digging for the pain points where you can excel. Sometimes you have to push to get the right objectives to make sure there’s enough pain to justify your solution.

Timing is essential because a business proposal needs to be educated and comprehensive. Too early and it’s going to land on deaf ears. Too late and either someone else solved the problem or you’re perceived as not caring enough to make it a priority.

As soon as you’ve identified pains, objectives, and how to position your solution as the ideal, then gather the following content:

• Logos (yours and prospect’s)
• Pricing options
• Scope of work collateral you can link to from the business proposal

Now you just have to complete the business proposal template . These business proposal best practices will help.

8 business proposal best practices

• Take advantage of “title” real estate. As my esteemed colleague Keith Norrie explains in his expert advice on executive summaries , the title is too good of a setup opportunity to pass up. Use an action verb to surface the primary problem that you’re proposing to fix with your solution. The following power-verb examples will perk up stakeholders’ ears: increasing, reducing, accelerating, improving, streamlining, monetizing… Check out the business proposal example to see how I framed the solution in the proposal.
• Agree on 3-5 objectives with the prospect’s champion during your initial calls. These objectives will be based on pains that your prospect wants to overcome.
• Explain how your solution will enable these objectives. This isn’t an opportunity for you to list product features—most of which the prospect won’t care about. It’s where you tie solutions to problems. For example: “RFPIO’s AI-enabled Content Library will reduce XYZ Company’s time spent responding to repetitive questions from 1,200 hours to 720 hours or fewer annually for an equal number of submitted RFPs.”
• Give multiple pricing options as a checkable list. Avoid line-item detail. Explain the difference between each option. For example, “This one allows you to scale…this one gets you to the end of the year…this one is best for small businesses…”
• Provide a high-level scope of work specific to the prospect’s need. Link out to data sheets or websites for more information.
• Include a call to action, preferably a signature request . At the very least, schedule a call to review next steps.
• Review the proposal with the prospect over the phone or through video conferencing. If possible, try to get the person you’re really building the proposal for (the decision-making stakeholder in the shadows behind the prospect champion) to join the review. If you can’t schedule a review, then record a Vidyard of you walking through the business proposal that can be shared with stakeholders.
• Be careful of jargon. Every industry has its unique terminology, but be wary of using jargon for jargon’s sake. With only two pages, you don’t have any room to waste on hollow language that doesn’t address the prospect’s specific problem.

Download your business proposal template & business proposal example

Here are the business proposal template and the business proposal example . When you’re ready to write your own business proposal, make a copy of the template. Then, delete all the instructions as you complete the sections. That way you don’t accidentally fire off a document complete with my tips and tricks. Also, if you build your business proposals from Salesforce, then these tips on Salesforce Proposal Builder will be a big help.

I hope you find the template and example helpful. Remember, the decision-making stakeholder (likely an executive) will be reviewing multiple proposals. They should be able to look at yours and identify that it’s comprehensive and customized for them. They’ll sniff out cookie-cutter treatments immediately and will sideline them while they look for something unique, like yours.

Be confident. This isn’t a shot in the dark. The prospect needs to solve this issue. Your business proposal will illustrate how you’ve thought through their problems.

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How to Create a Convincing Problem and Solution Statement

Makenna Crocker

10 min. read

Updated November 3, 2023

“Every sale a business makes is related to a problem. In every case, there is a story.” – Tim Berry

A powerful problem and solution statement should tell a story about your customers and the solution you provide. It’s how you position your business within your business plan . 

But crafting a short and compelling description of your problem and solution is easier said than done. This guide will walk you through the process. 

Why you need to describe the problem you’re solving

So you’ve got a solid business idea . That’s a great starting point, but it’s just that—a starting point. 

The key to moving forward is identifying a real-world problem your product or service aims to solve. This isn’t just a box to tick off; it has serious implications for your business. 

Here’s why:

1. Validate real-world demand

First, you need to show actual demand for your offering. This goes beyond mere speculation or gut feelings; you need tangible evidence that proves you have a viable solution. 

Example: If you’re planning on opening a gluten-free bakery, for instance, it’s not enough to say there’s a need for one—you should back it up with data.

2. Zero in on your ideal customer

Once you’ve established that a need exists, it’s time to get specific about who you’re targeting . Understanding who will benefit the most from your solution helps you fine-tune nearly every aspect of your business. 

Example: In the case of a gluten-free bakery, you’re not targeting just anyone who likes baked goods; you’re focusing on those with specific dietary needs or preferences.

3. Carve out your niche

Knowing the problem you’re solving gives you a leg up when positioning yourself in the market. This is where you find the gaps that competitors are missing and jump right in. 

Example: Maybe there are plenty of bakeries, but none have a robust gluten-free selection. That’s your territory; that’s how you stand out.

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4. Keep the team on the same page

A clearly defined problem serves as a guidepost for you and your team . It ensures that everyone knows what the goal is and stays aligned. Whenever there’s a question about what the business should focus on, you can always circle back to that original problem statement.

5. Make stakeholders take notice

A well-defined problem and solution make it easier for stakeholders like potential investors or partners to understand why your business is worth paying attention to. It’s one thing to offer up data; it’s another to weave that into a compelling narrative about why your business matters.

“Stories are the oldest and arguably best way to communicate ideas, truth, beliefs, and even numbers,” says Palo Alto Software founder and business planning expert Tim Berry.

“Stories are powerful… They resonate. We recognize their truths.”

Example:   You’re inspired to start a gluten-free bakery because of your niece, who has Celiac disease. Her limited dietary options make social events like birthday parties isolating for her. While some bakeries offer gluten-free items, they are often uninspired and don’t allow her to fully enjoy celebrations with her friends.

Your bakery aims to solve this by providing delicious, gluten-free sweet treats that kids and adults with gluten allergies can freely enjoy.

A well-articulated problem statement is crucial for attracting investors and business partners. Not only does it make them care about the problem you’re solving, but it also simplifies the process of writing your executive summary —the first thing lenders or investors are likely to read in your business plan.

• How to develop your problem and solution statement

Developing your problem and solution statement is an ongoing process, not a one-off task. And it’s not just a random explanation, but something that speaks to the core of why you started your business . 

So it’s important to arrive at a clear, succinct, and informative statement. To help develop a strong problem and solution statement, take the following steps:

Identify the problem

When it comes to identifying the problem your business solves, it’s crucial to understand the market you are targeting. You’ll do this by conducting market research . This is the process of gathering information about potential customers. 

It helps you find answers to questions like:

• Who are your customers?
• What is the size of your potential customer base?
• What are their shopping habits?

You’ll eventually get into deeper questions like:

• What struggles do these people face?
• What do they desire?
• What currently exists to help fix their problem?
• What would they be willing to pay?
• Are there other, more pressing problems?

After you’ve done the research necessary to reference your target market in your statement—you need to identify the problem . Consider things like:

• How much time, money, or mental anguish does this problem cause?
• Why is no one else solving it?
• How do people cope currently?

Example: With the gluten-free bakery, the problem is there are not enough local options for allergy-friendly fresh baked goods. Ask yourself questions like:

• Why hasn’t anyone started a gluten-free bakery already?
• What are people with gluten allergies doing to satisfy their sweet tooth?

Answering questions like these will help you explore all potential problems and narrow it down to the key elements of the real problem you’re solving.

Define your solution

By now, you should have a clear understanding of who your customers are, what problems they’re experiencing, and how others in the market are trying to solve those problems.

Now it’s time for your proposed solution. Earlier, we mentioned the importance of being able to define the unique value of your business. When you align that value with your customer’s problems, you have a unique value proposition – the thing that sets your solution apart in the eyes of your customers.

As you think about your solution, ask yourself:

• How does your product or service differ from others in the market?
• What makes it valuable?
• Why is it better than other solutions?

Answering these questions will help ensure that you can communicate the value of your business to your target market. After all, if you can’t communicate your value to your customers, they probably won’t see it, either.

• How to write your problem statement

After using your research to identify your problem, it’s time to turn that work into a well-crafted problem statement.

Start by boiling down the core issues you found in your research to pinpoint the most significant problem your business aims to solve.

This is where it can be really important to gather additional feedback beyond your own research. It could include getting feedback from potential customers , creating surveys, or even convening focus groups. These conversations will help ensure that you focus on a genuine problem people are experiencing.

When writing the problem statement, be sure to:

• Clearly and succinctly define the problem. Avoid jargon and complex language.
• Be precise in describing who the problem affects and what the implications are for them

Example: Circling back to our gluten-free bakery—a problem statement might look like this:

“There are no local gluten-free bakeries to serve the growing community of individuals with gluten intolerance. Instead, they’re forced to rely on major grocery store chains with limited selections of poor quality, highly processed baked goods.”

As you can see, the statement starts by generally reciting the problem. Within your business plan, supporting statistics from your market research will follow. For now, we’re sticking to the mechanics of writing the statement.

Make sure your problem statement directly aligns with the solution your business offers. It’s also important to highlight how addressing this problem sets your business apart from competitors.

Be sure to also seek feedback on your problem statement from stakeholders, potential customers, or a mentor to ensure it accurately represents the issue.

• Sell your solution

“The problem is half the story; the solution is the other half. It’s the shoe waiting to drop.” – Tim Berry

You need your solution to hold as much weight as the problem. 

So what does it mean to sell your solution? Think about your elevator pitch – you have just a moment to explain how your solution solves a problem in the market. It can’t be convoluted or complex, even if the actual solution is to some degree.

Your solution statement should address how your product or service addresses the core issue or issues raised by the problem statement. It also needs to be grounded in reality – don’t promise a grand solution that you can’t actually deliver on.

Just like with the problem statement, keep the solution statement clear and simple. Using the gluten-free bakery example, you could say: “Our bakery provides a wide range of fresh, locally made gluten-free products to satisfy the cravings and meet the dietary needs of customers with gluten intolerance.”

Let’s look at a real-life example. When the video streaming giant Netflix launched in the late 1990s, it explained its problem and solution statement this way :

Problem: “Going to the video store requires fighting traffic, wandering the aisles, and waiting in long lines just to get a single movie.”

Solution: “Netflix allows anyone to enjoy thousands of titles… delivered to their mailbox.”

Now let’s apply the idea to our bakery example:

Problem: “The area does not have a local spot that offers a wide variety of quality and appealing gluten-free baked goods for those with allergies and intolerances.”

Solution: “Our bakery specializes in beautifully decorated and tasty gluten-free baked goods, so no one misses out on the chance to indulge.”

You’ve already illustrated the target demographic’s pain points in your problem, and your solution clearly explains exactly how you are helping them.

Craft and refine

Now it’s time to edit and perfect your problem and solution statement. Be critical of your own work. Here are some questions to ask yourself: 

• If you show the problem and solution statement to your friends or family, can they understand what your business does and get the problem?
• Can you easily remember and recite the statement?
• Is your statement as short as can be? (Tip: focus on making it 3 sentences or less.)
• Would this statement work in ads or on your business website ?
• Problem and solution statement examples

Sometimes, you don’t know what works for you until you are given some samples. Below are some product and solution statement examples to help visualize your final statement. Feel free to copy and rework them for your own business!

Mobile dog groomer example:

Problem: Many dog owners cannot take their dogs to a groomer due to mobility issues, busy schedules, or location.

Solution: Our mobile dog groomer service goes directly to the client, allowing them to stay home while their dog is groomed right outside.

Fertility clinic app example:

Problem: Individuals and couples seeking fertility care struggle to find information on nearby clinics offering the treatment they seek.

Solution: Our fertility clinic app allows users to enter their location and the treatment they are looking for and generates an interactive map that details clinics in and around their area that specialize in their needs.

Home loan company example:

Problem: Recent hikes in interest rates have led to a decline in home purchases, adversely affecting both mortgage companies and potential home buyers.

Solution: Our home loan company introduces a tailored refinancing program that provides existing homeowners with more manageable repayment terms while also assisting prospective buyers in securing mortgage loans with favorable rates to make it easier for individuals looking to sell their current home to purchase a new one.

• Start your business plan

Crafting a compelling problem and solution statement is not just a task – it speaks to why you decided to get into business and is one of the most important sections of your business plan. 

If you are ready to get started on your business plan, you have access to over 550 free business plan examples from the Bplans library. 

Download your free business plan template today to get started!

See why 1.2 million entrepreneurs have written their business plans with LivePlan

Makenna Crocker is the Marketing Specialist at Richardson Sports. Her work focuses on market and social trends, crafting gripping and authentic content, and enhancing marketing strategy to foster stronger B2B and B2C relationships. With a master’s degree in Advertising and Brand Responsibility from the University of Oregon, she specializes in generating a strong and responsible brand presence through content that positively influences and inspires others.

Table of Contents

• Why you need to describe the problem you’re solving

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How to Write a Business Proposal for Small Businesses

Help your small business stand out with a well-crafted business proposal — here’s how.

Caylin White

Share article.

A well-crafted business proposal can be a powerful tool to achieve your goals. Are you a small or medium-sized business (SMB) owner or leader looking to secure new clients or expand your business? It may sound daunting but if you follow these steps you can create a compelling business proposal that will make your small business stand out. 

Grab a cup of coffee and read on to learn everything from understanding the key components of a business proposal to best practices and real-world examples that will inspire you.

What you’ll learn: 

What is a business proposal? Key components of a successful business proposal Types of business proposals to consider Step-by-step guide to writing a business proposal Best practices for writing a business proposal for small businesses Business proposal templates for SMBs Get started on your proposal for small business

What is a business proposal?

A business proposal is a formal document that outlines your business, the project or service you’re proposing, and the value you can bring to a potential client. It’s a key part of your small business marketing strategy . It serves as a roadmap for your business relationship and demonstrates your expertise, capabilities, and unique selling points.

To be clear, a business plan is different than a business proposal. A business plan focuses on the internal features of your business. A business proposal serves as a pitch to a client or business. The object of a business proposal is to secure a partnership between organizations by demonstrating the value of the service your business can offer. ( Back to top. )

Key components of a successful business proposal

When learning how to write a grant proposal for small business (or any sized business) there are a few terms you’ll need to learn:

• Cover page and introduction: Begin your business proposal with a professional cover page that includes your business name, logo, contact information, and the date. Follow this with a brief introduction that states the purpose of the proposal and provides a high-level overview of your business. Proposals with an attractive cover page tend to convert around 45% better than those without one.
• Executive summary: The executive summary is a concise overview of your entire proposal. It should grab the reader’s attention and highlight the key points of your proposal, including the problem you’re solving, your proposed solution, and the benefits your client will gain by working with you.
• Problem statement: Clearly articulate the problem or challenge your client is facing. This section needs to demonstrate your understanding of their needs and pain points. Use specific details and data to support your claims.
• Implementation plan and solution: Present your proposed solution in detail. Explain how your product or service addresses the problem you’ve outlined. Provide a step-by-step implementation plan, including timelines, milestones, and deliverables.
• Budget and pricing: Outline the costs associated with your proposed solution. Be transparent and provide a detailed breakdown of expenses. If applicable, offer different pricing options or packages to cater to different budgets.
• Benefits and value proposition: Highlight the specific benefits your client will gain by choosing your business. Quantify the value you bring whenever possible and explain how your solution will help them achieve their goals.
• Call to action: Conclude your business proposal with a clear call to action. Invite the reader to take the next step, whether it’s scheduling a meeting, signing a contract, or making a purchase. Research states that proposals that ​​contained only one offer, sold for a 21% higher upfront fee , and a 33% higher monthly, retainer fee.

Pro tip : Make your proposal mobile-ready as one-third of the population are reading from their mobile devices, phones, or tablets. ( Back to top. )

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Types of business proposals to consider.

There are different types of business proposals, each tailored to specific purposes. Here are a few common types:

Project proposals

Project proposals are used when you’re bidding on a specific project. They outline the scope of work, timeline, budget, and deliverables for the project.

Sales proposals

Sales proposals are used to convince potential customers to purchase your products or services. They focus on highlighting the benefits of your offerings and demonstrating how they meet the customer’s needs. Pull data from your small business CRM to ensure you are meeting your customer’s needs. 

Partnership proposals 

Partnership proposals are used to establish collaborative relationships with other businesses. They outline the mutual benefits of the partnership and define the roles and responsibilities of each party.

Step-by-step guide to writing a business proposal

No matter what type of business you’re starting, you can follow these steps to create a well-structured and persuasive business proposal:

• Identify your target audience: Understand the needs, challenges, and preferences of your target client. Tailor your proposal to their specific pain points and interests.
• Gather relevant information: Conduct thorough research on your target client and their industry. Use customer data from your CRM to flesh out the proposal and ensure it’s highly relevant.  Don’t have a CRM? It’s easy to get started with Salesforce.  
• Structure and format: Organize your proposal using a clear and logical structure. Use headings, subheadings, and bullet points to make it easy to read. Tailor the format to your audience and purpose.
• Craft a compelling executive summary: Write a concise and attention-grabbing executive summary that summarizes the key points of your proposal. This section is crucial in capturing the reader’s interest.
• Develop a detailed problem statement: Clearly outline the challenge or problem your client is facing. Provide evidence and data to support your claims and demonstrate your understanding of their situation.
• Propose a solution and implementation plan: Present your solution in detail, explaining how it addresses the problem you’ve identified. Provide a step-by-step implementation plan with timelines and deliverables.
• Highlight benefits and value: Emphasize the specific benefits your client will gain by working with you. Quantify the value whenever possible and explain how your solution aligns with their goals.
• Include a budget and pricing: Provide a transparent and detailed breakdown of costs associated with your solution. Offer different pricing options if applicable.
• Incorporate testimonials or case studies: Include testimonials from satisfied clients or case studies that demonstrate the success of your solutions. This adds credibility to your proposal.
• Proofread and revise: Carefully proofread your proposal for any errors in grammar, spelling, or formatting. Ensure the language is clear, concise, and professional. ( Back to top. )

Best practices for writing a business proposal for small businesses

Now it’s time to help your SMB stand out. Here are some additional tips to enhance your business proposal:

Use clear and concise language. By avoiding jargon and technical terms that your client may not be familiar with. Use simple language that’s easy to understand.

Highlight your unique selling points. Emphasize what sets your business apart from competitors. Showcase your expertise, experience, and unique value proposition .

Tailor your business proposal. Customize your proposal to each client by addressing their specific needs and pain points, and demonstrate how your solution is the best fit for them.

Use enticing visuals. Incorporate charts, graphs, videos, and images to support your points and make your proposal more visually appealing.

Proofread your proposal thoroughly. Double-check for any errors in grammar, spelling, or formatting. ( Back to top. )

Business proposal templates for SMBs

When it comes to creating a business proposal, professionally designed templates can be a game-changer. You can find many grant proposal templates or business proposal templates in Google docs , Quickbooks, and other websites. These templates not only save you time and effort, but also provide a polished and professional look to your proposal. 

Once you have chosen a template, it’s important to customize it to fit your specific business needs. This includes adding your company logo, adjusting the colors and fonts to match your brand identity, and tailoring the content to highlight your unique value proposition. By utilizing professionally designed templates and following these tips, you can create compelling business proposals that leave a lasting impression on your clients.

Get started on your proposal for small business 

Writing a business proposal is a crucial step in presenting a compelling case for any type of business. It requires careful planning, research, and a clear understanding of the target audience. 

Starting a small business — or any sized business for that matter — doesn’t have to be hard when you have the right tools for the job . With these tips and techniques, you can create the business that you’ve dreamed of for the future you deserve.

AI supported the writers and editors who created this article. ( Back to top. )

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The Right Way to Solve Complex Business Problems

Corey Phelps, a strategy professor at McGill University, says great problem solvers are hard to find. Even seasoned professionals at the highest levels of organizations regularly...

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Corey Phelps, a strategy professor at McGill University, says great problem solvers are hard to find. Even seasoned professionals at the highest levels of organizations regularly fail to identify the real problem and instead jump to exploring solutions. Phelps identifies the common traps and outlines a research-proven method to solve problems effectively. He’s the coauthor of the book, Cracked it! How to solve big problems and sell solutions like top strategy consultants.

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Welcome to the IdeaCast from Harvard Business Review. I’m Curt Nickisch.

Problem-solving is in demand. It’s considered the top skill for success at management consulting firms. And it’s increasingly desired for everyone, not just new MBA’s.

A report from the World Economic Forum predicts that more than one-third of all jobs across all industries will require complex problem-solving as one of their core skills by 2020.

The problem is, we’re often really bad at problem-solving. Our guest today says even the most educated and experienced of senior leaders go about it the wrong way.

COREY PHELPS: I think this is one of the misnomers about problem-solving. There’s this belief that because we do it so frequently – and especially for senior leaders, they have a lot of experience, they solve problems for a living – and as such we would expect them to be quite good at it. And I think what we find is that they’re not. They don’t solve problems well because they fall prey to basically the foibles of being a human being – they fall prey to the cognitive biases and the pitfalls of problem-solving.

CURT NICKISCH: That’s Corey Phelps. He says fixing these foibles is possible and almost straightforward. You can improve your problem-solving skills by following a disciplined method.

Corey Phelps is a strategy professor at McGill University. He’s also the co-author of the book “Cracked It: How to Solve Big Problems and Sell Solutions like Top Strategy C onsultants.” Corey thanks for coming on the show.

COREY PHELPS: Thank you for the opportunity to talk.

CURT NICKISCH: Another probably many, many biases that prevent people from solving big problems well.

COREY PHELPS: Absolutely.

CURT NICKISCH: What are some of the most common, or your favorite stumbling blocks?

COREY PHELPS: Well, one of my favorites is essentially the problem of jumping to solutions or the challenge of jumping to solutions.

CURT NICKISCH: Oh, come on Corey. That’s so much fun.

COREY PHELPS: It is, and it’s very much a result of how our brains have evolved to process information, but it’s my favorite because we all do it. And especially I would say it happens in organizations because in organizations when you layer on these time pressures and you layer on these concerns about efficiency and productivity, it creates enormous, I would say incentive to say “I don’t have time to carefully define and analyze the problem. I got to get a solution. I got to implement it as quick as possible.” And the fundamental bias I think is, is illustrated beautifully by Danny Kahneman in his book “Thinking, Fast and Slow,” is that our minds are essentially hardwired to think fast.

We are able to pay attention to a tiny little bit of information. We can then weave a very coherent story that makes sense to us. And then we can use that story to jump very quickly to a solution that we just know will work. And if we just were able to move from that approach of what Kahneman and cognitive psychologists called “System 1 thinking” to “System 2 thinking” – that is to slow down, be more deliberative, be more structured – we would be able to better understand the problem that we’re trying to solve and be more effective and exhaustive with the tools that we want to use to understand the problem before we actually go into solution-generation mode.

CURT NICKISCH: Complex problems demand different areas of expertise and often as individuals we’re coming to those problems with one of them. And I wonder if that’s often the problem of problem-solving, which is that a manager is approaching it from their own expertise and because of that, they see the problem through a certain way. Is that one of the cognitive biases that stop people from being effective problem solvers?

COREY PHELPS: Yeah. That’s often referred to as the expertise trap. It basically colors and influences what we pay attention to with respect to a particular problem. And it limits us with respect to the tools that we can bring to bear to solve that problem. In the world of psychology, there’s famous psychologist, Abraham Maslow, who is famous for the hierarchy of needs. He’s also famous for something that was a also known as MaSlow’s axiom, Maslow’s law. It’s also called the law of the instrument, and to paraphrase Maslow, he basically said, “Look, I suppose if the only tool that you have in your toolkit is a hammer, everything looks like a nail.”

His point is that if you’re, for example, a finance expert and your toolkit is the toolkit of let’s say, discounted cash flow analysis for valuation, then you’re going to see problems through that very narrow lens. Now, one of the ways out of this, I think to your point is collaboration becomes fundamentally important. And collaboration starts with the recognition that I don’t have all of the tools, all of the knowledge in me to effectively solve this. So I need to recruit people that can actually help me.

CURT NICKISCH: That’s really interesting. I wonder how much the fact that you have solved a problem before it makes you have a bias for that same solution for future problems?

COREY PHELPS: Yeah, that’s a great question. What you’re alluding to is analogical reasoning, and we know that human beings, one of the things that allows us to operate in novel settings is that we can draw on our past experience. And we do so when it comes to problem solving, often times without being conscious or mentally aware of it. We reach into our memory and we ask ourselves a very simple question: “Have I seen a problem like this before?”

And if it looks familiar to me, the tendency then is to say, “Okay, well what worked in solving that problem that I faced before?” And then to say, “Well, if it worked in that setting, then it should work in this setting.” So that’s reasoning by analogy.

Reasoning by analogy has a great upside. It allows human beings to not become overwhelmed by the tremendous novelty that they face in their daily lives. The downside is that if we don’t truly understand it at sort of a deep level, whether or not the two problems are similar or different, then we can make what cognitive psychologists called surface-level analogies.

And we can then say, “Oh, this looks a lot like the problem I faced before, that solution that worked there is going to easily work here.” And we try that solution and it fails and it fails largely because if we dug a little bit deeper, the two problems actually aren’t much alike at all in terms of their underlying causes.

CURT NICKISCH: The starkest example of this, I think, in your book is Ron Johnson who left Apple to become CEO of JC Penney. Can you talk about that a little bit and what that episode for the company says about this?

COREY PHELPS: So yes, its – Ron Johnson had been hired away from Target in the United States to, by Steve Jobs to help create Apple stores. Apple stores are as many people know the most successful physical retailer on the planet measured by, for example, sales per square foot or per square meter. He’s got the golden touch. He’s created this tremendously successful retail format for Apple.

So the day that it was announced that Ron Johnson was going to step into the CEO role at JC Penney, the stock price of JC Penney went up by almost 18 percent. So clearly he was viewed as the savior. Johnson moves very, very quickly. Within a few months, he announces that he has a strategic plan and it basically comes in three parts.

Part number one is he’s going to eliminate discount pricing. JC Penney had been a very aggressive sales promoter. The second piece of it is he’s going to completely change how they organize merchandise. It’s no longer going to be organized by function – so menswear, housewares, those sorts of things. It’s going to be organized by boutique, so there’s going to be a Levi’s boutique, a Martha Stewart Boutique, a Joe Fresh Boutique and so on.

And it would drop the JC P enney name, they would call it JCP. And he rolls this out over the course of about 12 months across the entire chain of over 1100 stores. What this tells us, he’s so confident in his solution, his strategic transformation, that he doesn’t think it’s worth it to test this out on one or two pilot stores.

CURT NICKISCH: Yeah, he was quoted as saying: “At Apple, we didn’t test anything.”

COREY PHELPS: We didn’t test. Yes. What worked at Apple, he assumed would work at JC Penney. And the critical thing that I think he missed is that JC Penney customers are very different from Apple store customers. In fact, JC Penney customers love the discount. They love the thrill of hunting for a deal.

CURT NICKISCH: Which seems so fundamental to business, right? Understanding your customer. It’s just kind of shocking, I guess, to hear the story.

COREY PHELPS: It is shocking and especially when you consider that Ron Johnson had spent his entire career in retail, so this is someone that had faced, had seen, problems in retailers for decades – for over three decades by the time that he got to JC Penney. So you would expect someone with that degree of experience in that industry wouldn’t make that leap of, well, what worked at Apple stores is going to work at JC Penney stores, but in fact that’s exactly what happened.

CURT NICKISCH: In your book, you essentially suggest four steps that you recommend people use. Tell us about the four steps then.

COREY PHELPS: So in the book we describe what we call the “Four S method,” so four stages, each of which starts with the letter “s”. So the first stage is “state the problem.” Stating the problem is fundamentally about defining what the problem is that you are attempting to solve.

CURT NICKISCH: And you probably would say don’t hurry over that first step or the other three are going to be kind of pointless.

COREY PHELPS: Yeah, that’s exactly the point of of laying out the four s’s. There’s a tremendous amount of desire even amongst senior executives to want to get in and fix the problem. In other words, what’s the trouble? What are the symptoms? What would define success? What are the constraints that we would be operating under? Who owns the problem? And then who are the key stakeholders?

Oftentimes that step is skipped over and we go right into, “I’ve got a hypothesis about what I think the solution is and I’m so obsessed with getting this thing fixed quickly, I’m not going to bother to analyze it particularly well or test the validity of my assumptions. I’m going to go right into implementation mode.”

The second step, what we call “structure the problem” is once you have defined the problem, you need to then start to identify what are the potential causes of that problem. So there are different tools that we talked about in the book that you can structure a problem for analysis. Once you’ve structured the problem for analysis and you’ve conducted the analysis that helps you identify what are the underlying causes that are contributing to it, which will then inform the third stage which is generating solutions for the problem and then testing and evaluating those solutions.

CURT NICKISCH: Is the danger that that third step – generating solutions – is the step that people spend the most time on or have the most fun with?

COREY PHELPS: Yeah. The danger is, is that what that’s naturally what people gravitate towards. So we want to skip over the first two, state and structure.

CURT NICKISCH: As soon as you said it, I was like, “let’s talk about that more.”

COREY PHELPS: Yeah. And we want to jump right into solutioning because people love to talk about their ideas that are going to fix the problem. And that’s actually a useful way to frame a discussion about solutions – we could, or we might do this – because it opens up possibilities for experimentation.

And the problem is that when we often talk about what we could do, we have very little understanding of what the problem is that we’re trying to solve and what are the underlying causes of that problem. Because as you said, solution generation is fun. Look, the classic example is brainstorming. Let’s get a bunch of people in a room and let’s talk about the ideas on how to fix this thing. And again, be deliberate, be disciplined. Do those first stages, the first two stages – state and structure – before you get into the solution generation phase.

CURT NICKISCH: Yeah. The other thing that often happens there is just the lack of awareness of just the cost of the different solutions – how much time, or what they would actually take to do.

COREY PHELPS: Yeah, and again, I’ll go back to that example I used of brainstorming where it’s fun to get a group of people together and talk about our ideas and how to fix the problem. There’s a couple challenges of that. One is what often happens when we do that is we tend to censor the solutions that we come up with. In other words, we ask ourselves, “if I say this idea, people are gonna, think I’m crazy, or people going to say: that’s stupid, that’ll never work, we can’t do that in our organization. It’s going to be too expensive, it’s going to take too much time. We don’t have the resources to do it.”

So brainstorming downside is we we self-sensor, so that’s where you need to have deep insight into your organization in terms of A. what’s going to be feasible, B. what’s going to be desirable on the part of the people that actually have the problem, who you’re trying to solve the problem for and C. from a business standpoint, is it going to be financially attractive for us?

So applying again a set of disciplined criteria that help you choose amongst those ideas for potential solutions. Then the last stage of the process which is selling – because it’s rare in any organization that someone or the group of people that come up with the solution actually have the power and the resources to implement it, so that means they’re going to have to persuade other people to buy into it and want to help.

CURT NICKISCH: Design thinking is another really different method essentially for solving problems or coming up with solutions that just aren’t arrived at through usual problem-solving or usual decision-making processes. I’m just wondering how design thinking comes to play when you’re also outlining these, you know, disciplined methods for stating and solving problems.

COREY PHELPS: For us it’s about choosing the right approach. You know what the potential causes of a problem are. You just don’t know which ones are operating in the particular problem you’re trying to solve. And what that means is that you’ve got a theory – and this is largely the world of strategy consultants – strategy consultants have theories. They have, if you hear them speak, deep understanding of different types of organizational problems, and what they bring is an analytic tool kit that says, “first we’re going to identify all the possible problems, all the possible causes I should say, of this problem. We’re going to figure out which ones are operating and we’re going to use that to come up with a solution.” Then you’ve got problems that you have no idea what the causes are. You’re in a world of unknown unknowns or unk-unks as the operations management people call them.

CURT NICKISCH: That’s terrible.

COREY PHELPS: In other words, you don’t have a theory. So the question is, how do you begin? Well, this is where design thinking can be quite valuable. Design thinking says: first off, let’s find out who are the human beings, the people that are actually experiencing this problem, and let’s go out and let’s talk to them. Let’s observe them. Let’s immerse ourselves in their experience and let’s start to develop an understanding of the causes of the problem from their perspective.

So rather than go into it and say, “I have a theory,” let’s go the design thinking route and let’s actually based upon interactions with users or customers, let’s actually develop a theory. And then we’ll use our new understanding or new insight into the causes of the problem to move into the solution generation phase.

CURT NICKISCH: Problem-solving – we know that that’s something that employers look for when they’re recruiting people. It is one of those phrases that, you know, I’m sure somebody out there has, has the title at a company Chief Problem Solver instead of CEO, right? So, it’s almost one of those phrases that so over used it can lose its meaning.

And if you are being hired or you’re trying to make a case for being on a team that’s tackling a problem, how do you make a compelling case that you are a good problem solver? How can you actually show it?

COREY PHELPS: It’s a great question and then I have two answers to this question. So one is, look at the end of the day, the proof is in the pudding. In other words, can you point to successful solutions that you’ve come up with – solutions that have actually been effective in solving a problem? So that’s one.

The second thing is can you actually articulate how you approach problem-solving? In other words, do you follow a method or are you reinventing the wheel every time you solve a problem? Is it an ad hoc approach? And I think this issue really comes to a head when it comes to the world of strategy consulting firms when they recruit. For example, Mckinsey, you’ve got the Mckinsey problem-solving test, which is again, a test that’s actually trying to elicit the extent to which people are good applicants are good at solving problems

And then you’ve got the case interview. And in the case interview, what they’re looking at is do you have a mastery over certain tools. But what they’re really looking at is, are you actually following a logical process to solve this problem? Because again, what they’re interested in is finding- to your point – people that are going to be good at solving complex organizational problems. So they’re trying to get some evidence that they can demonstrate that they’re good at it and some evidence that they follow a deliberate process.

CURT NICKISCH: So even if you’re not interviewing at a consulting firm, that’s a good approach, to show your thinking, show your process, show the questions you ask?

COREY PHELPS: Yeah, and to your point earlier, at least if we look at what recruiters of MBA students are saying these days, they’re saying, for example, according to the FT’s recent survey, they’re saying that we want people with really good problem solving skills, and by the same token, we find that that’s a skill that’s difficult for us to recruit for. And that reinforces our interest in this area because the fundamental idea for the book is to give people a method. We’re trying to equip not just MBA students but everybody that’s going to face complex problems with a toolkit to solve them better.

CURT NICKISCH: Corey, this has been really great. Thank you.

COREY PHELPS: Thanks for the opportunity. I appreciate it.

CURT NICKISCH: That’s Corey Phelps. He teaches strategy at McGill University, and he co-wrote the book “Cracked It: How to Solve Big Problems and Sell Solutions Like Top Strategy Consultants.”

This episode was produced by Mary Dooe. We got technical help from Rob Eckhardt. Adam Buchholz is our audio product manager.

Thanks for listening to the HBR IdeaCast. I’m Curt Nickisch.

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Proposal Template AI

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Business Problem Solving Proposal Template: A Comprehensive Guide + Free Template Download + How to Write it

Business problem solving proposal template: a comprehensive solution.

As a business professional, I understand the importance of efficiently addressing and resolving problems that arise within a company. That’s why I am excited to introduce the Business Problem Solving Proposal Template, a comprehensive solution for tackling business challenges head-on. This innovative template is designed to provide a structured and strategic approach to problem-solving, helping businesses to identify, analyze, and address issues in a systematic manner. Unlike standard proposals, this template is specifically tailored to guide businesses through the process of problem-solving, offering a thorough and detailed framework for finding effective solutions. In this article, we will explore the importance of this tool and how it sets itself apart from traditional proposal formats.

Business Problem Solving Proposal Template

1. introduction.

The first step in any business problem solving proposal is to clearly define the problem at hand. This section should include a detailed explanation of the issue, its impact on the business, and why it needs to be addressed. It’s important to gather as much data and evidence as possible to support your claims and provide a clear understanding of the problem.

Example: The current marketing strategy for our new product launch is not yielding the expected results . Sales numbers are lower than projected, and the ROI on our marketing spend is not meeting the set targets. This is impacting the overall profitability of the company and needs to be addressed urgently.

My advice on introduction: When writing the introduction, make sure to clearly articulate the problem and its impact on the business. Use concrete data and evidence to support your claims and provide a sense of urgency for addressing the issue.

2. Background

In this section, provide a detailed background of the problem, including any relevant history, context, or previous attempts to solve the issue. It’s important to demonstrate a thorough understanding of the problem and its underlying causes. This section can also include a brief overview of the current state of the business and how the problem fits into the larger strategic picture.

Example: Our marketing team conducted a market analysis and identified several key factors contributing to the underperformance of our new product launch. These include a lack of targeted advertising, ineffective messaging, and a suboptimal distribution strategy . Previous attempts to address these issues have not yielded the desired results.

My advice on background: When outlining the background of the problem, be as thorough as possible and provide relevant context and history. This will help demonstrate a deep understanding of the issue and build credibility with the decision-makers who will be evaluating the proposal.

3. Problem Statement

Clearly define the problem in one or two sentences. This should be a concise and direct statement that articulates the core issue that needs to be addressed. It’s important to be specific and avoid vague or ambiguous language.

Example: The problem at hand is a lack of effective marketing strategies and tactics for our new product launch, leading to underwhelming sales performance and a negative impact on the company’s bottom line.

My advice on problem statement : When crafting the problem statement, be as specific and direct as possible. This will help ensure that there is a clear understanding of the issue and avoid any ambiguities that could lead to misinterpretation.

Download free Business Problem Solving Proposal Template in Word DocX, Powerpoint PPTX, and PDF. We included Business Problem Solving Proposal Template examples as well.

Download Free Business Problem Solving Proposal Template PDF and Examples Download Free Business Problem Solving Proposal Template Word Document

Download Free Business Problem Solving Proposal Template Powerpoint

FAQ for Business Problem Solving Proposal Template

What is the purpose of the Business Problem Solving Proposal Template? The purpose of the template is to provide a structured framework for businesses to identify, analyze, and solve complex problems that may be hindering their operations or growth.

What kind of problems can be addressed using this template? The template can be used to address a wide range of problems, including but not limited to operational inefficiencies, customer satisfaction issues, supply chain disruptions, and financial challenges.

How does the template help in problem solving? The template provides a step-by-step process for businesses to define the problem, analyze its root causes, brainstorm potential solutions, and develop an action plan for implementation. It also encourages data-driven decision making and collaboration among team members .

Is the template customizable for different types of businesses? Yes, the template is customizable and can be adapted to fit the specific needs and challenges of different types of businesses, regardless of their size or industry.

What are the key components of the Business Problem Solving Proposal Template? The key components of the template include problem statement, analysis of current state, identification of root causes, brainstorming potential solutions, evaluation criteria , and action plan for implementation.

Can the template be used for ongoing problem-solving efforts within a business? Yes, the template can be used as a recurring tool for businesses to continuously identify and solve new problems that arise within their operations.

Does the template include any tools or methodologies for problem-solving? The template does not include specific tools or methodologies, but it encourages businesses to incorporate proven problem-solving techniques such as SWOT analysis , root cause analysis, and decision matrices.

How does the template help in communicating the problem and proposed solutions to stakeholders? The template provides a clear and concise format for presenting the problem, its impact on the business, and the proposed solutions, making it easier to communicate with stakeholders and gain their support for the proposed action plan.

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Straw Man Proposal explained plus template

Straw Man Proposal: this article provides you with a practical explanation of the Straw Man Proposal . Next to what it is, this article also highlights the start of a concept version, format and working method (including conditions and example), the rough sketch, the Pros and a straw man proposal template to get started. After reading, you’ll have a basic understanding of this problem solving method. Enjoy reading!

What is a Straw Man Proposal?

The Straw Man Proposal is a McKinsey method for problem solving. Because this method is often applied to solve customer problems with a more structured approach, the McKinsey consulting firm developed it over the course of several years.

Within companies, the Straw Man Proposal allows for a brainstorm -like approach to discussing any deficiencies that may lead to problems. From there, new and better proposals can be introduced.

A strawman proposal is a concept version of something the team can discuss, break down, and improve. It is based on hypotheses and makes it easier to introduce increasingly better solutions and proposals in subsequent processes.

The origin of the term straw man is unclear. It is often used in a rhetorical sense, and refers to a human figure made of straw, such as a military training doll or scarecrow.

Such straw men are easy to pull apart, destroy, and rebuild. This is also the underlying idea of this problem solving method; it concerns a proposal for potential improvement, with room for additional innovations and/or adjustments.

Straw Man Proposal Conditions and example

In partnerships, the problem solving method can be an important tool for problem solving in all phases and at every level of, for example, customer involvement. This problem solving method can also offer solutions for other problems within an organisation.

The most common example of where a this problem solving method can be used is when coming up with an initial hypothesis based on a potential overarching answer to a problem. One important condition here is that every team member must be prepared to make a contribution and be willing to critically asses other’s contributions and discard them if necessary.

It is about arguing and refuting the reasoning of an informal logical fallacy. This creates a spontaneous mindset for all involved and allows one to examine and take a closer look at all sides of a problem.

Concept version

The strawman proposal is a way of discussing a problem with a group of people and developing a draft version. However, you should never expect a Straw Man Proposal to provide the ultimate answer.

Instead, it should be considered a useful aid when trying to come up with the best possible answer. Arguments and ideas that arise from the Straw Man Proposal do provide valuable feedback in a solution-oriented process and lead to successful adjustments and improvements.

It is often the counter-arguments that lead to the eventual solution. By working with the Straw Man Proposal, you can create temporary solutions. From there, people can start to think more creatively and enter into discussions.

Straw Man Proposal format and working method

The Straw Man Proposal can be effectively applied to different problems. For example, it can be used to halt falling revenues, discover potential causes, and make suggestions for improvement.

In such a situation, the following steps should be followed:

1. Concept proposal

To realise a revenue increase, a concept proposal is made for the introduction of two additional offices. This is the Straw Man Proposal that will form the basis of the management consultation.

The concept proposal is subsequently discussed with the management team. Team members who are in favour provide detailed arguments and list all the advantages. The opponents, on the other hand, gives their objections and mention the potential disadvantages.

By considering the proposal as merely a concept, all team members are free to respond and give their honest opinion. At this stage, their input has no direct impact yet. All team members are given the opportunity to provide open feedback and suggestions.

One important condition here is that the team must be aware that the proposal is merely a Straw Man Proposal. All criticism and ideas for improvement are welcome. After all, this is just the concept stage.

All input and suggestions are collected, and the proposal is analysed on the basis of its strengths and weaknesses. Subsequently, the assumptions and decision-making criteria are clarified, on the basis of which a new and refined proposal can be made.

4. Final decision

A new proposal is created and presented, with the aim that it will lead to a final decision.

Rough Sketch

By presenting the Strawman Proposal as a rough sketch, all team members are free to provide feedback. Moreover, they know they are expected to critically look at the proposal.

Not every team member should have to assume that they know the ultimate answer; the solution will gradually become clearer. This problem solving method is a provisional and incomplete concept that can be broken down and rebuilt. It is a continuous process that involves removing, improving, and adjusting ideas.

Because this approach is just a concept, one shouldn’t spend too much time on it. It is mainly intended to bring about discussion between team members. Turning it into a detailed plan will come later. The Straw Man Proposal is about the quantity of ideas – quality shouldn’t be considered yet.

Team members should realise that it’s not wise to stubbornly hold on to their thoughts and ideas. By taking a step back, they are open to the ideas of others.

This will make it easier to brainstorm together freely. The idea is to attack the straw man and break it down, before the process can be improved again.

Straw Man Proposal template

Get started with the Straw Man Proposal methodology yourself with this downloadable Straw Man Proposal template.

Download the Straw Man Proposal template

It’s Your Turn

What do you think? Are you familiar with the Straw Man Proposal method? How do you apply the Straw Man Proposal in your environment? Do you have any tips or additional comments?

Share your experience and knowledge in the comments box below.

More information

• Carmeli, A., Gelbard, R., & Reiter‐Palmon, R. (2013). Leadership, creative problem‐solving capacity, and creative performance: The importance of knowledge sharing . Human Resource Management, 52(1), 95-121.
• Friga, P., & Rasiel, E. (2001). The McKinsey mind: Understanding and implementing the problem-solving tools and management techniques of the world’s top strategic consulting firm . Chicago: McGraw-Hill
• Treffinger, D. J., Isaksen, S. G., & Stead-Dorval, K. B. (2005). Creative problem solving: An introduction . Prufrock Press Inc.

How to cite this article: Mulder, P. (2019). Straw Man Proposal . Retrieved [insert date] from Toolshero: https://www.toolshero.com/problem-solving/straw-man-proposal/

Published on: 02/28/2019 | Last update: 03/31/2023

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Patty Mulder

Patty Mulder is an Dutch expert on Management Skills, Personal Effectiveness and Business Communication. She is also a Content writer, Business Coach and Company Trainer and lives in the Netherlands (Europe). Note: all her articles are written in Dutch and we translated her articles to English!

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One response to “straw man proposal explained plus template”.

My first time reading about Straw Man Proposal as a tool for solving problems. I realised it can be a powerfull tool to help people turn themselves a litle bit mor flexible. I need to read more… and practice. Thanks a lot for this article.

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Mastering the Art of Business Problem Statements: A Comprehensive Guide with Examples

Why is the business problem statement is important.

The business problem statement provides the impetus for a business initiative in practical business related terms. It is a description of an issue currently existing and the context for how it will be addressed.

In a business setting, anyone who is involved in problem-solving or decision-making should be involved in developing a business problem statement. This could include managers, executives, analysts, project managers, or subject matter experts.

Typically, the responsibility for developing a problem statement falls on the person or team that is leading the effort to address the problem. This may be a project manager, a cross-functional team, or an individual responsible for a specific area of the business – including the Business Analyst!

In some cases, it may be appropriate to involve external consultants or experts in developing a problem statement. This can bring fresh perspectives and specialised knowledge to the problem-solving process.

Ultimately, the goal is to involve all relevant stakeholders in developing a problem statement to ensure that the problem is fully understood and the proposed solutions are feasible and effective.

Developing a business problem statement is important for several reasons:

• Clarify the problem: Developing a problem statement helps you to clarify and define the problem you are trying to solve. This can help you to focus your efforts on the key issues and avoid wasting time and resources on non-essential tasks.
• Identify the root causes: A well-crafted problem statement can help you to identify the root causes of the problem. This is important because it allows you to develop effective solutions that address the underlying issues rather than just treating the symptoms.
• Communicate with stakeholders: A problem statement provides a clear and concise summary of the problem and its impact. This can help you to communicate effectively with stakeholders and get their buy-in for your proposed solutions.
• Measure progress: A problem statement provides a baseline for measuring progress. By defining the problem and its impact, you can track your progress over time and determine whether your solutions are effective.
• Prioritise resources: A problem statement can help you to prioritise your resources and focus on the most critical problems. This is especially important in situations where resources are limited, and you need to make strategic decisions about where to allocate your time and money.

Developing a business problem statement is essential for effective problem-solving. It helps to clarify the problem, identify the root causes, communicate with stakeholders, measure progress, and prioritise resources.

When to Develop Problem Statements

You can develop a problem statement whenever you need to identify and analyse a problem, and develop solutions to address it. Some specific situations where this can occur include:

• Project initiation: When starting a new project, a problem statement template can be used to define the scope and objectives of the project, and identify potential risks and issues that may impact the project’s success.
• Process improvement: When looking to improve a business process, product, or service, a problem statement template can be used to identify and analyse the root causes of the problem, and develop solutions to address them.
• Research projects: When developing a research project, a problem statement template can be used to formulate research questions, and identify the gaps and limitations in existing literature or data.
• Policy development: When developing policies and programs to address social, economic, or environmental issues, a problem statement template can be used to identify and analyse the policy issue, and develop evidence-based solutions.
• Strategic planning: When developing a strategic plan for an organisation, a problem statement template can be used to identify and analyse the challenges and opportunities facing the organisation, and develop a roadmap for achieving its goals.

Overall, you can use a problem statement template whenever you need to identify and analyse a problem, and develop solutions to address it. Categorisation will help you develop a structured, consistent, and efficient approach to problem-solving.

Categorisation of Business Problem Statements

There are several ways to categorise business problem statements, and the specific categories may vary depending on the organisation or industry. Here are some common ways to categorise business problem statements:

• Functional area: Categorise the problem statement based on the functional area of the business that is affected. For example, problems related to marketing, finance, operations, human resources, or information technology.
• Customer impact: Categorise the problem statement based on the impact on customers or clients. For example, problems related to customer satisfaction, retention, acquisition, or loyalty.
• Business process: Categorise the problem statement based on the business process that is affected. For example, problems related to supply chain management, product development, sales, or customer service.
• Strategic priority: Categorise the problem statement based on the strategic priority of the organisation. For example, problems related to growth, innovation, cost reduction, or risk management.
• Industry or market: Categorise the problem statement based on the industry or market in which the business operates. For example, problems related to competition, changing customer needs, or regulatory compliance.
• Business architecture. Categorise the problem statement based on capabilities to help you understand business capability maturity, the impacts on change, and opportunities for improvement. See below for categories.

By categorising business problem statements, you can better understand the scope and nature of the problems and develop targeted solutions that address the root causes of the problems. This can help to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of your problem-solving efforts.

Business Architecture Categories

Problem statements can be described in a single statement followed by a real example to emphasise the issue. When developing an understanding of the problems to be resolved think across the seven broad areas shown below and ask questions accordingly. Examples are given for each category using the architectural approach with the capability subsets of: strategy; service/products, people; processes; applications; information, and infrastructure.

1. Strategy

• Poor alignment with business objectives.
• Initiatives are currently not aligned to an overall vision.
• Siloed implementation of projects.

2. Service / Products

• Impediment to service delivery due to untimely retrieval of information.
• Slow responsiveness in engaging sales leads due to untimely retrieval of information.
• High level of product returns due to errors made on sales orders.
• Inadequate training of staff and/or lack of capacity for staff to support areas of the business experiencing bottlenecks.
• Poorly defined roles and responsibilities creates confusion and poor responsiveness to operational demands.
• Poor service delivery due to staff capacity and training issues.

4. Processes

• Myriad of duplicated business processes and applications.
• Intensive manual processing due to physical handling of paperwork, mail outs and manual coordination of events.
• Double data entry and manual maintenance of data in spread sheets or personal databases.

5. Applications

• Poorly developed functionality due to inadequate definition of business and functional requirements.
• Out of date functionality caused by a constantly evolving business climate.
• Little or no application support due to proprietary or redundant software.

6. Information

• Unstructured information and content stored on various devices making search and retrieval very difficult.
• No metadata attached to information making search and retrieval difficult.
• Disparate methods of coding the same types of datasets in disparate repositories.

7. Infrastructure

• Not a lot known about all systems making the strategic coordination of maintenance difficult.
• Multiple applications are supported on multiple systems creating unnecessary maintenance overheads by supporting duplicate systems.

When you have understood problems, describe the risks associated with each to fully emphasise the potential impacts on the business (e.g. costs, inefficiencies, and lost opportunities).

A Problem Statement Example in Business

Below is an example describing a problem statement, description and associated risk for a highly manual business process that can easily be resolved with technology.

Problem Statement: Intensive manual processing due to physical handling of paperwork. Description : Annual leave forms are typically filled out by the Employee, printed, sent to the Manager/Delegate for approval, sent to Human Resources for verification and data entry, scanned and uploaded to the EDRMS, and then sent to Payroll for (re) data entry. Risk : This highly manual scenario leads to ‘bottlenecks’ in service delivery and promotes the risk of poor organisational response to business and lost time that should be spent carrying out core business.

Tools for Developing Problem Statements

To develop the problem statement and associated risks of a project, engage with managers and subject matter experts within the relevant business areas. Ask them questions specific to your categorisation approach to bring out the details of where the problems lie. This approach can be implemented in the project’s initial set up and analysis phases irrespective of the methodology (i.e., Agile or Waterfall) being utilised. It is useful for developing project mandates and business cases.

There are several tools you can use to write a business problem statement, including:

• Brainstorming: Gather a group of stakeholders or team members and brainstorm all of the potential problems facing the business. Narrow down the list to the most pressing issues and identify the root cause of each problem.
• SWOT analysis: Conduct a SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) to identify the internal and external factors impacting the business. Use this analysis to pinpoint the key problem areas.
• Fishbone diagram: Use a fishbone diagram (also known as an Ishikawa diagram) to identify the potential causes of a problem. This tool can help you visualise the different factors contributing to the problem and narrow down the root cause.
• 5 Whys: Ask “why” five times to get to the root cause of a problem. This technique can help you dig deeper into the underlying issues and identify the root cause of a problem. The Five Whys is an excellent technique to support your questioning approach.
• Problem Statement Template: Use a template to guide you through the process of writing a problem statement. A good problem statement template will prompt you to identify the problem, the impact it’s having on the business, the root cause, and potential solutions.
• Consult an expert: If you’re struggling to identify the problem or need help framing it in a concise and clear manner, consider consulting an expert in business analysis or strategy. They can provide valuable insights and guidance.

Specific Steps in Developing Problem Statements

Here are some steps to help you develop a problem statement:

• Identify the problem: Start by identifying the problem you want to solve. The problem should be specific, measurable, and relevant to your goals or objectives.
• Understand the context: Gather information about the problem and its impact. This could include data, research studies, reports, or input from stakeholders.
• Define the problem: Clearly define the problem by breaking it down into its key components. Use one of the tools mentioned above to get a comprehensive understanding of the problem.
• Analyse the problem: Analyse the problem by identifying the root causes, the impact on stakeholders, and the potential consequences of not addressing the problem.
• Create a problem statement: Use the information gathered in the previous steps to create a problem statement that summarises the problem, its impact, and its root causes. The problem statement should be concise, clear, and focused on the key issues.
• Refine the problem statement: Review and refine the problem statement to ensure that it accurately and clearly describes the problem and its impact. Refine the language, structure and categorisation as needed.
• Validate the problem statement: Validate the problem statement by testing it with stakeholders and subject matter experts. Get feedback on the clarity, accuracy, and relevance of the problem statement.

By following these steps, you can develop a problem statement that provides a clear and concise overview of the problem and its impact. This will help you to focus your efforts on developing effective solutions that address the root causes of the problem.

Six problem-solving mindsets for very uncertain times

Great problem solvers are made, not born. That’s what we’ve found after decades of problem solving with leaders across business, nonprofit, and policy sectors. These leaders learn to adopt a particularly open and curious mindset, and adhere to a systematic process for cracking even the most inscrutable problems. They’re terrific problem solvers under any conditions. And when conditions of uncertainty are at their peak, they’re at their brilliant best.

Six mutually reinforcing approaches underly their success: (1) being ever-curious about every element of a problem; (2) being imperfectionists , with a high tolerance for ambiguity; (3) having a “dragonfly eye” view of the world, to see through multiple lenses; (4) pursuing occurrent behavior and experimenting relentlessly; (5) tapping into the collective intelligence , acknowledging that the smartest people are not in the room; and (6) practicing “show and tell” because storytelling begets action (exhibit).

Here’s how they do it.

1. Be ever-curious

As any parent knows, four-year-olds are unceasing askers. Think of the never-ending “whys” that make little children so delightful—and relentless. For the very young, everything is new and wildly uncertain. But they’re on a mission of discovery, and they’re determined to figure things out. And they’re good at it! That high-energy inquisitiveness is why we have high shelves and childproof bottles.

When you face radical uncertainty, remember your four-year-old or channel the four-year-old within you. Relentlessly ask, “Why is this so?” Unfortunately, somewhere between preschool and the boardroom, we tend to stop asking. Our brains make sense of massive numbers of data points by imposing patterns that have worked for us and other humans in the past. That’s why a simple technique, worth employing at the beginning of problem solving, is simply to pause and ask why conditions or assumptions are so until you arrive at the root of the problem. 1 This approach was originally developed by Sakichi Toyoda, the founder of Toyota.

Natural human biases in decision making, including confirmation, availability, and anchoring biases, often cause us to shut down the range of solutions too early. 2 Daniel Kahneman, Thinking, Fast and Slow , New York, NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2011. Better—and more creative—solutions come from being curious about the broader range of potential answers.

One simple suggestion from author and economist Caroline Webb to generate more curiosity in team problem solving is to put a question mark behind your initial hypotheses or first-cut answers. This small artifice is surprisingly powerful: it tends to encourage multiple solution paths and puts the focus, correctly, on assembling evidence. We also like thesis/antithesis, or red team/blue team, sessions, in which you divide a group into opposing teams that argue against the early answers—typically, more traditional conclusions that are more likely to come from a conventional pattern. Why is this solution better? Why not that one? We’ve found that better results come from embracing uncertainty. Curiosity is the engine of creativity.

We have to be comfortable with estimating probabilities to make good decisions, even when these guesses are imperfect. Unfortunately, we have truckloads of evidence showing that human beings aren’t good intuitive statisticians.

2. Tolerate ambiguity—and stay humble!

When we think of problem solvers, many of us tend to picture a poised and brilliant engineer. We may imagine a mastermind who knows what she’s doing and approaches a problem with purpose. The reality, though, is that most good problem solving has a lot of trial and error; it’s more like the apparent randomness of rugby than the precision of linear programming. We form hypotheses, porpoise into the data, and then surface and refine (or throw out) our initial guess at the answer. This above all requires an embrace of imperfection and a tolerance for ambiguity—and a gambler’s sense of probabilities.

The real world is highly uncertain. Reality unfolds as the complex product of stochastic events and human reactions. The impact of COVID-19 is but one example: we address the health and economic effects of the disease, and their complex interactions, with almost no prior knowledge. We have to be comfortable with estimating probabilities to make good decisions, even when these guesses are imperfect. Unfortunately, we have truckloads of evidence showing that human beings aren’t good intuitive statisticians. Guesses based on gut instinct can be wildly wrong. That’s why one of the keys to operating in uncertain environments is epistemic humility, which Erik Angner defines as “the realization that our knowledge is always provisional and incomplete—and that it might require revision in light of new evidence.” 3 Erik Angner, “Epistemic humility—knowing your limits in a pandemic,” Behavioral Scientist , April 13, 2020, behavioralscientist.org.

Recent research shows that we are better at solving problems when we think in terms of odds rather than certainties. 4 Annie Duke, Thinking in Terms of Bets: Making Smarter Decisions When You Don’t Have All the Facts , New York, NY: Portfolio/Penguin, 2018. For example, when the Australian research body Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), which owned a core patent on the wireless internet protocol, sought royalties from major companies, it was initially rebuffed. The CSIRO bet that it could go to court to protect its intellectual property because it estimated that it needed only 10 percent odds of success for this to be a good wager, given the legal costs and likely payoff. It improved its odds by picking the weakest of the IP violators and selecting a legal jurisdiction that favored plaintiffs. This probabilistic thinking paid off and eventually led to settlements to CSIRO exceeding $500 million. 5 CSIRO briefing to US Government, December 5, 2006. A tolerance for ambiguity and a willingness to play the odds helped the organization feel its way to a good solution path.

To embrace imperfectionism with epistemic humility, start by challenging solutions that imply certainty. You can do that in the nicest way by asking questions such as “What would we have to believe for this to be true?” This brings to the surface implicit assumptions about probabilities and makes it easier to assess alternatives. When uncertainty is high, see if you can make small moves or acquire information at a reasonable cost to edge out into a solution set. Perfect knowledge is in short supply, particularly for complex business and societal problems. Embracing imperfection can lead to more effective problem solving. It’s practically a must in situations of high uncertainty, such as the beginning of a problem-solving process or during an emergency.

Good problem solving typically involves designing experiments to reduce key uncertainties. Each move provides additional information and builds capabilities.

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3. take a dragonfly-eye view.

Dragonfly-eye perception is common to great problem solvers. Dragonflies have large, compound eyes, with thousands of lenses and photoreceptors sensitive to different wavelengths of light. Although we don’t know exactly how their insect brains process all this visual information, by analogy they see multiple perspectives not available to humans. The idea of a dragonfly eye taking in 360 degrees of perception 6 Philip Tetlock and Dan Gardner, Superforecasting: The Art and Science of Prediction , New York, NY: Crown, 2015. is an attribute of “superforecasters”—people, often without domain expertise, who are the best at forecasting events.

Think of this as widening the aperture on a problem or viewing it through multiple lenses. The object is to see beyond the familiar tropes into which our pattern-recognizing brains want to assemble perceptions. By widening the aperture, we can identify threats or opportunities beyond the periphery of vision.

Consider the outbreak of HIV in India in the early 1990s—a major public-health threat. Ashok Alexander, director of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation’s India Aids Initiative, provided a brilliant example of not just vision but also dragonfly vision. Facing a complex social map with a rapidly increasing infection rate, he widened the problem’s definition, from a traditional epidemiological HIV transmission model at known “hot spots,” to one in which sex workers facing violence were made the centerpiece.

This approach led to the “Avahan solution,” which addressed a broader set of leverage points by including the sociocultural context of sex work. The solution was rolled out to more than 600 communities and eventually credited with preventing 600,000 infections. The narrow medical perspective was sensible and expected, but it didn’t tap into the related issue of violence against sex workers, which yielded a richer solution set. Often, a secret unlocks itself only when one looks at a problem from multiple perspectives, including some that initially seem orthogonal.

The secret to developing a dragonfly-eye view is to “anchor outside” rather than inside when faced with problems of uncertainty and opportunity. Take the broader ecosystem as a starting point. That will encourage you to talk with customers, suppliers, or, better yet, players in a different but related industry or space. Going through the customer journey with design-thinking in mind is another powerful way to get a 360-degree view of a problem. But take note: when decision makers face highly constrained time frames or resources, they may have to narrow the aperture and deliver a tight, conventional answer.

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4. pursue occurrent behavior.

Occurrent behavior is what actually happens in a time and place, not what was potential or predicted behavior. Complex problems don’t give up their secrets easily. But that shouldn’t deter problem solvers from exploring whether evidence on the facets of a solution can be observed, or running experiments to test hypotheses. You can think of this approach as creating data rather than just looking for what has been collected already. It’s critical for new market entry—or new market creation. It also comes in handy should you find that crunching old data is leading to stale solutions.

Most of the problem-solving teams we are involved with have twin dilemmas of uncertainty and complexity, at times combined as truly “wicked problems.” 7 A term coined in a now famous 1973 article: Horst W. J. Rittel and Melvin Webber, “Dilemmas in a general theory of planning,” Policy Sciences , 1973, Number 4, pp. 155–69. For companies ambitious to win in the great unknown in an emerging segment—such as electric cars or autonomous vehicles, where the market isn’t fully established—good problem solving typically involves designing experiments to reduce key uncertainties, not just relying on existing data. Each move (such as buying IP or acquiring a component supplier) and each experiment (including on-road closed tests) not only provides additional information to make decisions but also builds capabilities and assets that support further steps. Over time, their experiments, including alliances and acquisitions, come to resemble staircases that lead to either the goal or to abandonment of the goal. Problem-solving organizations can “bootstrap” themselves into highly uncertain new spaces, building information, foundational assets, and confidence as they take steps forward.

Risk-embracing problem solvers find a solution path by constantly experimenting. Statisticians use the abbreviation EVPI—the expected value of perfect information—to show the value of gaining additional information that typically comes from samples and experiments, such as responses to price changes in particular markets. A/B testing is a powerful tool for experimenting with prices, promotions, and other features and is particularly useful for digital marketplaces and consumer goods. Online marketplaces make A/B testing easy. Yet most conventional markets also offer opportunities to mimic the market’s segmentation and use it to test different approaches.

The mindset required to be a restless experimenter is consistent with the notion in start-ups of “failing fast.” It means that you get product and customer affirmation or rejection quickly through beta tests and trial offerings. Don’t take a lack of external data as an impediment—it may actually be a gift, since purchasable data is almost always from a conventional way of meeting needs, and is available to your competitors too. Your own experiments allow you to generate your own data; this gives you insights that others don’t have. If it is difficult (or unethical) to experiment, look for the “natural experiments” provided by different policies in similar locations. An example would be to compare outcomes in twin cities, such as Minneapolis–St. Paul.

It’s a mistake to think that your team has the smartest people in the room. They aren’t there. They’re invariably somewhere else. Nor do they need to be there if you can access their intelligence via other means.

5. Tap into collective intelligence and the wisdom of the crowd

Chris Bradley, a coauthor of Strategy Beyond the Hockey Stick , 8 Chris Bradley, Marin Hirt, and Sven Smit, Strategy Beyond the Hockey Stick: People, Probabilities, and Big Moves to Beat the Odds , Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2018. observed that “it’s a mistake to think that on your team you have the smartest people in the room. They aren’t there. They’re invariably somewhere else.” 9 For more from Chris Bradley, in a conversation with Rob McLean, see “ Want better strategies? Become a bulletproof problem solver ,” August 2019. Nor do they need to be there if you can access their intelligence via other means. In an ever-changing world where conditions can evolve unpredictably, crowdsourcing invites the smartest people in the world to work with you. For example, in seeking a machine-learning algorithm to identify fish catch species and quantities on fishing boats, the Nature Conservancy (TNC) turned to Kaggle and offered a $150,000 prize for the best algorithm. This offer attracted 2,293 teams from all over the world. TNC now uses the winning algorithm to identify fish types and sizes caught on fishing boats in Asia to protect endangered Pacific tuna and other species.

Crowdsourced problem solving is familiar in another guise: benchmarking. When Sir Rod Carnegie was CEO of Conzinc Riotinto Australia (CRA), he was concerned about the costs of unscheduled downtime with heavy trucks, particularly those requiring tire changes. He asked his management team who was best in the world at changing tires; their answer was Formula One, the auto racing competition. A team traveled to the United Kingdom to learn best practice for tire changes in racetrack pits and then implemented what it learned thousands of miles away, in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. The smartest team for this problem wasn’t in the mining industry at all.

Of course, while crowdsourcing can be useful when conventional thinking yields solutions that are too expensive or incomplete for the challenge at hand, it has its limitations. Good crowdsourcing takes time to set up, can be expensive, and may signal to your competitors what you are up to. Beware of hidden costs, such as inadvertently divulging information and having to sieve through huge volumes of irrelevant, inferior suggestions to find the rare gem of a solution.

Accept that it’s OK to draw on diverse experiences and expertise other than your own. Start with brainstorming sessions that engage people from outside your team. Try broader crowdsourcing competitions to generate ideas. Or bring in deep-learning talent to see what insights exist in your data that conventional approaches haven’t brought to light. The broader the circles of information you access, the more likely it is that your solutions will be novel and creative.

Rookie problem solvers show you their analytic process and math to convince you they are clever. Seasoned problem solvers show you differently.

6. Show and tell to drive action

We started our list of mindsets with a reference to children, and we return to children now, with “show and tell.” As you no doubt remember—back when you were more curious!—show and tell is an elementary-school activity. It’s not usually associated with problem solving, but it probably piqued your interest. In fact, this approach is critical to problem solving. Show and tell is how you connect your audience with the problem and then use combinations of logic and persuasion to get action.

The show-and-tell mindset aims to bring decision makers into a problem-solving domain you have created. A team from the Nature Conservancy, for instance, was presenting a proposal asking a philanthropic foundation to support the restoration of oyster reefs. Before the presentation, the team brought 17 plastic buckets of water into the boardroom and placed them around the perimeter. When the foundation’s staff members entered the room, they immediately wanted to know what the buckets were for. The team explained that oyster-reef restoration massively improves water quality because each oyster filters 17 buckets of water per day. Fish stocks improve, and oysters can also be harvested to help make the economics work. The decision makers were brought into the problem-solving domain through show and tell. They approved the funding requested and loved the physical dimension of the problem they were part of solving.

Rookie problem solvers show you their analytic process and mathematics to convince you that they are clever. That’s sometimes called APK, the anxious parade of knowledge. But seasoned problem solvers show you differently. The most elegant problem solving is that which makes the solution obvious. The late economist Herb Simon put it this way: “Solving a problem simply means representing it so as to make the solution transparent.” 10 Herbert Simon, The Sciences of the Artificial , Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1969.

To get better at show and tell, start by being clear about the action that should flow from your problem solving and findings: the governing idea for change. Then find a way to present your logic visually so that the path to answers can be debated and embraced. Present the argument emotionally as well as logically, and show why the preferred action offers an attractive balance between risks and rewards. But don’t stop there. Spell out the risks of inaction, which often have a higher cost than imperfect actions have.

The mindsets of great problem solvers are just as important as the methods they employ. A mindset that encourages curiosity, embraces imperfection, rewards a dragonfly-eye view of the problem, creates new data from experiments and collective intelligence, and drives action through compelling show-and-tell storytelling creates radical new possibilities under high levels of unpredictability. Of course, these approaches can be helpful in a broad range of circumstances, but in times of massive uncertainty, they are essential.

Charles Conn is an alumnus of McKinsey’s Sydney office and is a board member of Patagonia and former CEO of the Rhodes Trust. Robert McLean is an alumnus of the Sydney office and is the advisory-board chair of the Nature Conservancy Australia. They are the authors of Bulletproof Problem Solving: The One Skill That Changes Everything (Wiley, 2018).

This article was edited by David Schwartz, an executive editor in the Tel Aviv office.

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Business Problem Solving Proposal

All businesses face problems and threats, may it be about the management of the company, the operational requirements and policies that the workforce need to adhere to, or the way that the market reacts to corporate efforts and marketing activities. As a business entity, you need to ensure that you are always prepared when it comes to dealing with unforeseen circumstances so you can protect the sustainability and operational quality of your organization. If you want to present a specific solution to the problem that your business is currently facing, a  business problem solving proposal  is a document that can help you professionally and formally discuss your thoughts and recommendations.

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Even if you can develop a business problem solving proposal on your own, it will be better if you are well-guided when it comes to formatting the document’s content. To help and guide you in the creation of your business problem solving proposal, do not hesitate to refer to the downloadable examples in PDF that we have listed in this post. You may also see problem statements .

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Factors to Look Into When Creating A Business Problem Solving Proposal

There are different kinds of problems that businesses from different industries face on a daily basis. Even if problems can negatively impact the business, it is important for you to consider them as opportunities for you to develop your processes and learn more on how you can better your business and its areas. May it be long-term or short-term solutions that you would like to execute depending on the problem that you need to face, using a business problem solving proposal is always a good idea so that you can focus on the necessary steps that are needed to be implemented for you to solve a problem in the best way possible. Listed below are some of the factors that you must look into once you involve yourself and your team in the creation of a business problem solving proposal. You may also see  proposal memo examples .

1. Know the approach or the methodology that you will use for problem solving. You need to list down all the steps that can guide your team when implementing the solution that you have in mind. This will allow you to ensure that your solutions can positively impact the management and all the other stakeholders of the business especially those that can be directly and heavily affected by the problem if untreated or unresolved. You may also see  final year project proposal examples .

2. Identify the nature of the problem and how it can affect the business. You need to know the core of the problem’s existence so you can provide solutions that can eliminate the problem or lessen its impact to the business. The more information about the problem that you are aware of, the easier it will be for you to find ways on how you can maximize your efforts and resources when it comes to dealing with the problem at hand. You may also see  proposal executive summary examples .

3.  Be aware of the business areas as well as the stakeholders that can be affected by the problem that you would like to solve. The involvement of your workforce is very important as it can help your plans of action be realized in a timely and efficient manner. More so, knowing the entities and divisions that can be affected by the problem can help you measure the range of the things that you need to observe and look into. You may also see  action research proposal examples .

4. Just like when making a  professional business proposal , think of the technical aspect of the document. Know the format that you will use for your presentation, the length of your discussion, and the scope as well as the limitations of your problem solving proposal. Ensure that you will follow the guidelines and specifications of the business when deciding about these matters.

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What Is in a Business Problem Solving Proposal?

Making decisions for your business in terms of how it can solve a problem is very crucial. You have to think of different items so you can come up with a solution that will be best for the interests of your stakeholders. Having a thorough strategic plan and a set of solution options can help you a lot when it comes to this matter. If you want to create an outstanding business problem solving proposal, you have to ensure the completion and clarity of the details for your discussion. Even if there are a variety of ways on how a business problem solving proposal can be developed, here are some of the details and information that are usually found in a basic business problem solving proposal document:

• The title or cover page that can present the business problem solving proposal as a business document
• The cover letter or introduction about what the business problem solving proposal is all about. You may also see professional proposal examples .
• The objective or goal that you would like to achieve once the business problem solving proposal has been approved and its content implemented
• The  proposal executive summary  that can set the scope and limitations of the discussion within the document
• The analysis of the business problem that you would like to resolve which includes the reasons why the problem exists and the elements that trigger the problem’s occurrence
• The recommendations or solutions that you would like the business to consider so that it can solve existing problems that can affect its performance and/or operations. You may also see  business requirements document examples .
• The problem solving method and steps that should be followed for the problem to be resolved accordingly
• The comparison of the method that you have selected with the other problem solving methods that you think are less effective in terms of providing potential results. You may also see short proposal examples .
• The specification and description of the workforce that you need to implement the solution which includes the team members’ abilities, skills, and other deliverable that are required to fulfill your objectives
• The benefits that the business and its stakeholders can experience or get if they will execute your solution. You may also see engineering project proposal examples .
• The estimates of the cost that is necessary to be covered so you can execute your proposed solution completely
• The timeline that you need to follow when implementing your solution to the problem including the proposed starting date of the solution execution, the time frames of all the activities that you will do, and the deadline in which results must already be observed. You may also see  research proposal examples .
• The suggestions and other options that the decision-makers of the business can select from if they do not approve the initial solution that you have presented or selected
• Any other recommendations or notes that you would like your target audience to be aware of. You may also see budget proposal examples .

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Advantages of Using a Business Problem Solving Proposal

When making a  proposal letter  or a proposal document, you have to ensure that you will list down the benefits that all the stakeholders can get if they decide to accept or approve the proposal content. If you want to make sure that your business problem solving proposal can be appealing to your target audience, you have to come up with a list of the advantages that they can experience from the solutions that you are offering or proposing. To help you create this list, here are some of the advantages that using a business problem solving proposal can provide you with:

1. A business problem solving proposal can help you focus and give priority on the identification of the solutions that will best work for your business when it comes to dealing with the identified problem. It is important for you to consider the ability of the business to execute your plans as well as the resources that will be used for the solution implementation. Being aware of these items can help you ensure the realistic approach of solving the problem of the business. You may also see service proposal examples .

2. A business problem solving proposal can allow you to analyze the existing problem first before discussing the recommended solutions that you would like the business to consider. The specified document can help your target audience to be aware of the problem and the level or weight of its impact to the business. Being knowledgeable of these information can help you give more importance on why it is essential for your proposal to be approved. You may also see it proposal examples .

3. A business problem solving proposal can present the criteria and metrics that you looked into before finalizing your decision about the solution that you want to execute. Even if you will come up with several back-ups and options, it will still be best if you can persuade the business to select the solution that you think is the best and the most efficient among all the problem solutions that you have listed. You may also policy proposal examples .

4. A business problem solving proposal can make your problem-solving strategies become more precise. Always keep in mind that the initial solution that you have thought of will not always be the most effective or most appropriate. With the help of a business problem solving proposal, you can have a valid comparison of the solution options that you can incorporate in the problem-solving efforts of the business. You may also see coaching proposal examples .

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Tips in Developing a Business Problem Solving Proposal

A business problem solving proposal can serve as your guide if you want to disseminate information about the solution that you think is the best option for the business. It is critical to finalize a business problem solving proposal as it can affect the business as well as its operations and its relationship with its stakeholders. A few of the useful tips that you can refer to if you want to develop a functional business problem solving proposal include the following:

1. Use proposal templates and examples that can make your business problem solving proposal more presentable and well-formatted. You can also use the previous business problem solving proposals of your business as your references.

2. Incorporate tactics and strategies when writing the business problem solving proposal. Give focus to the items that matter and make sure that your pre-writing processes involve the proper outline that you can refer to when formatting the final document. You may also see advertising proposal examples .

3. Develop criteria and measures that you can use to weight the significance and effectiveness of your solutions. You can base these items in the questions that you would like to answer or the potential of your hypothetical solutions. Having metrics for assessment can help you select the best solution at hand. You may also see freelancing proposal examples .

4. Have a systematic approach on how you will present the discussion within your business problem solving proposal. Your final proposal must be clear and transparent so you can make sure that the business stakeholders can understand how your proposed solutions can resolve the problem. You may also see job proposal examples .

Ensure that you will remember the specifications that we have discussed in this post so you can be guided within the entirety of the development of your business problem solving proposal. More so, maximize the usage of our downloadable examples and allow these references to help you format your own business problem solving proposal appropriately. Download the available examples now and try to create an impressive problem solving proposal that your business can benefit from. You may also see sponsorship proposal examples .

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Business Problem Statement Explained with Examples

Free Problem Statement Templates

Ayush Jalan

• January 2, 2024

Running a business is an extremely tedious task. Almost always, there’s a problem or two that needs your immediate attention, and addressing these problems head-on to find their solutions is a part of the process. Luckily, there’s a tool that can help you with that: a business problem statement.

You may know how necessary it is to write a business plan for your company. What you may not know of, however, are the tools and techniques that can help you solve your business problems .

A business problem statement can help analyze the problem and come up with new and creative ways to solve it.

Essentially, it enables you to approach the problem in a more systematic, measurable, and objective way.

Table of Contents

• What is a business problem statement?
• How to write a business problem statement?
• How to Develop a Business Problem Statement?
• Business problem statement framework
• Business problem statement templates
• Business problem statement example

In this article, we will see what is a business problem statement and how you can write one yourself.

What Is a Business Problem Statement?

It defines the problem that a company is facing. Also, it involves an intricate analysis of the problem, details relevant to the situation, and a solution that can solve the problem. This is a simple yet effective way to present a problem and its solution concisely.

In other words, it is a communication tool that helps you visualize and minimize the gap between what’s ideal vs. what’s real. Or to put it in business lingo, the expected performance, and the real performance.

A business problem statement is a compact communication tool that helps you convey what you want to change.

How to Write a Business Problem Statement?

Before writing a business problem statement, it is crucial to conduct a complete analysis of the problem and everything related. You should have the knowledge to describe your problem and also suggest a solution to it.

To make things easy for you, we have explained the four key aspects to help you write your business problem statement. They include:

1. Define the problem

Defining the problem is the primary aspect of a business problem statement. Summarize your problem in simple and layman terms. It is highly recommended to avoid industrial lingo and buzzwords. Write a 3-5 sentences long summary, avoid writing more than it.

2. Provide the problem analysis

Adding statistics and results from surveys, industry trends, customer demographics, staffing reports, etc., helps the reader understand the problem distinctly. These references should describe your problem and its effects on various attributes of your business.

Avoid adding too many numbers in your problem statement, and include only the absolute necessary statistics. It’s best to include not more than three significant facts.

3. Propose a solution

Your business problem statement should conclude with a solution to the problem that was previously described. The solution should describe how the current state can be improved.

Avoid including elaborate actions and steps in a problem statement. These can be further explained when you write a project plan.

4. Consider the audience

When you start writing your business problem statement, or any formal document, it is important to be aware of the reader. Write your problem statement keeping in mind the reader’s knowledge about the situation, requirements, and expectations.

Although intuitive knowledge does have its place, it is wiser to first consider and mention the facts you have learned based on your research and propose solutions accordingly.

How to Develop a Business Problem Statement

A popular method that is used while writing a problem statement is the 5W2H (What, Why, Where, Who, When, How, How much) method. These are the questions that need to be asked and answered while writing a business problem statement.

Let’s understand them in detail.

• What: What is the problem that needs to be solved? Include the root cause of the problem. Mention other micro problems that are connected with the macro ones.
• Why: Why is it a problem? Describe the reasons why it is a problem. Include supporting facts and statistics to highlight the trouble.
• Where: Where is the problem observed? Mention the location and the specifics of it. Include the products or services in which the problem is seen.
• Who: Who is impacted by this problem? Define and mention the customers, the staff, departments, and businesses affected by the problem.
• When: When was the problem first observed? Talk about the timeline. Explain how the intensity of the problem has changed from the time it was first observed.
• How: How is the problem observed? Mention the indications of the problem. Talk about the observations you made while conducting problem analysis.
• How much: How often is the problem observed? If you have identified a trend during your research, mention it. Comment on the error rate and the frequency and magnitude of the problem.

Business Problem Statement Framework

A problem statement consists of four main components. They are:

• The problem: The problem statement begins with mentioning and explaining the current state.
• Who it affects: Mention the people who are affected by the problem.
• How it impacts: Explain the impacts of the problem.
• The solution: Your problem statement ends with a proposed solution.

Business Problem Statement Templates

Below is a common template used for writing a problem statement. It includes the four key components mentioned in the above framework.

Template 1:

Template 2:.

Business Problem Statement Examples

Here are a few problem statement examples to help you understand how to write your business problem statement:

Example 1: A problem statement by a software company

The problem of a manual auditing process affects the finance department and the staff as the process creates a lot of hassle because of the searching and verifying physical documents.

The impact of this is a lengthy auditing process where many mishaps and misplacements of documents happen. A successful solution would be to create an online database with search filters that would make it easy to find and verify documents.

Example 2: A problem statement by a manufacturing company

The problem of an inefficient manual assembly process affects the productivity of the company, and the workers have to manually install some parts, which consumes more time.

This impacts the production goals and incremental loss for this year. An efficient solution would be to install conveyor belts to optimize the manufacturing process.

Solve Problems Faster with a Business Problem Statement

Writing a problem statement can be tricky. However, building one can help you define the problems to your business partners and find solutions faster.

It helps you present a concise yet informative description of the problem and its potential solutions. Use the above template to create a problem state for your business and eliminate the need to scour through complex documents.

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About the Author

Ayush is a writer with an academic background in business and marketing. Being a tech-enthusiast, he likes to keep a sharp eye on the latest tech gadgets and innovations. When he's not working, you can find him writing poetry, gaming, playing the ukulele, catching up with friends, and indulging in creative philosophies.

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Problem-Solving in Business: PROBLEM-SOLVING STEPS

• ABOUT THIS LIBGUIDE
• PROBLEM-SOLVING DEFINED AND WHY IT IS IMPORTANT
• SKILLS AND QUALIFICATIONS NEEDED IN PROBLEM-SOLVING
• PROBLEM-SOLVING STEPS
• CASE STUDIES
• MORE HELPFUL RESOURCES

• DEFINE THE PROBLEM
• WHAT COULD POTENTIALLY BE THE CAUSE OF THE PROBLEM?
• CONSIDER VARIOUS SOLUTIONS
• CHOOSE THE BEST SOLUTION
• DECIDE HOW TO MEASURE SUCCESS OF THE CHOSEN SOLUTION
• EVALUATE THE SOLUTION
• CELEBRATE YOUR SUCCESS!

SOURCE: Cisco Systems, Inc. SWOT Analysis; Date:   October 26, 2020

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Free Examples of Effective Business Problem Statements

Table of Contents

Writing an effective problem statement is one of the first steps to proposing a solution. To write an effective problem statement, you must be able to explain what the issue is and how you’ll solve it.

This article will examine how to write an effective problem statement by providing examples of issues and solutions. In the end, you should be able to find a business proposal problem statement example to guide you.

What Is a Statement of Problem?

A problem statement is a brief description of an issue or challenge that must be addressed to reach a desired goal. Usually, it includes the current state, desired outcome, and any challenges that need to be overcome along the way.

A good problem statement will help you define and focus on the area of need, research it thoroughly, and propose solutions. When writing your problem statement, it’s important to ensure it’s specific and concise.

You want to start by clearly stating the issue or problem so everyone can understand what you’re discussing.

How to Write a Statement of Problem for a Business Proposal

Here are the important steps to follow when writing your problem statement.

Avoid Bias or Exaggeration

Well, it’s a problem; let’s exaggerate it. No, you shouldn’t. When creating a problem statement, it’s important to avoid bias, exaggeration, and any other negative language that might damage the credibility of your report.

Of course, you have a point to prove. You can prove this point without overly exaggerating the problem.

Support Your Statement With Facts

It’s also important to support your statements with facts and research. This will help ensure you’re not making assumptions about the problem but rather providing accurate information.

Your problem statement should provide enough detail to guide your research and document your findings.

Tell a Story

Telling a story can help make your point more impactful. For example, you might talk about how a group of people experienced a systematic problem that led to bad consequences. Make your story relatable, and you can connect with the decision-makers better.

Show How You Plan to Solve the Problem

Your problem statement should also highlight how you plan to solve the identified problem. If there have been attempts to solve the problem before, explain what makes your approach different.

Business Proposal Problem Statement Templates

For more help, check the subsections for a business proposal problem statement example.

Business Proposal Problem Statement Example 1

Water scarcity is an increasingly pressing global issue, threatening many people’s lives and disrupting vital ecosystems. Despite the magnitude of this problem, existing solutions remain inadequate in providing long-term relief to affected communities. I propose a comprehensive solution that combines sustainable management techniques with innovative technology to alleviate the water crisis.

By improving infrastructure and implementing strategies like rainwater harvesting and wastewater recycling, we can ensure reliable access to clean water for millions worldwide. Furthermore, by utilizing AI-driven forecasting models to anticipate drought periods, local authorities can devise efficient plans for mitigating any potential damage.

Finally, our strategy will include provisions for educating communities on conservation practices. This will help them responsibly manage their natural resources and preserve them for future generations.

Business Proposal Problem Statement Example 2

The digital divide between developed and developing countries has become increasingly pronounced. The former have access to high-speed internet connections, while much of the latter remain stuck in a cycle of offline poverty. Initiatives such as Mark Zuckerberg’s Internet.org have made strides toward providing free basic services in underserved regions. However, there is still an urgent need to address the persistent lack of affordable broadband access among these nations.

By leveraging existing infrastructure and investing in new technologies, it should be possible to bring reliable, cost-effective internet connectivity to the most remote locations. This proposal outlines a strategy for deploying sustainable solutions that enable people living in Third World countries to benefit from global digital integration.

Final Thoughts

A problem statement for a business proposal is a concise description of an issue that needs to be addressed to attain a goal . It should clearly state what the problem is and why it needs to be solved.

The goal of writing a problem statement is to ensure that everyone understands the problem, so they can focus on finding solutions.

Abir Ghenaiet

Abir is a data analyst and researcher. Among her interests are artificial intelligence, machine learning, and natural language processing. As a humanitarian and educator, she actively supports women in tech and promotes diversity.

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What Is Problem Solving in Business?

Problem-solving in business is defined as implementing processes that reduce or remove obstacles that are preventing you or others from accomplishing operational and strategic business goals.

In business, a problem is a situation that creates a gap between the desired and actual outcomes. In addition, a true problem typically does not have an immediately obvious resolution.

Business problem-solving works best when it is approached through a consistent system in which individuals:

• Identify and define the problem
• Prioritize the problem based on size, potential impact, and urgency
• Complete a root-cause analysis
• Develop a variety of possible solutions
• Evaluate possible solutions and decide which is most effective
• Plan and implement the solution

Why Is Problem-Solving Important in Business?

Understanding the importance of problem-solving skills in the workplace will help you develop as a leader. Problem-solving skills will help you resolve critical issues and conflicts that you come across. Problem-solving is a valued skill in the workplace because it allows you to:

• Apply a standard problem-solving system to all challenges
• Find the root causes of problems
• Quickly deal with short-term business interruptions
• Form plans to deal with long-term problems and improve the organization
• See challenges as opportunities
• Keep your cool during challenges

How Do You Solve Business Problems Effectively?

There are many different problem-solving strategies, but most can be broken into general steps. Here is a six-step method for business problem solving:

1) Identify the Details of the Problem: Gather enough information to accurately define the problem. This can include data on procedures being used, employee actions, relevant workplace rules, and so on. Write down the specific outcome that is needed, but don’t assume what the solution should be.

• Use the Five Whys: When assessing a problem, a common strategy is to ask “why” five times. First, ask why the problem occurred. Then, take the answer and ask “why” again, and so on. The intention is to help you get down to the root cause of the problem so you can directly target that core issue with your solution.

2) Creatively Brainstorm Solutions:   State every solution you can think of. Write them down. Seek input from those who possess in-depth knowledge of or experience with the problem you’re trying to solve. These insights will provide you with valuable perspectives you can transform into tangible and impactful solutions.

3) Evaluate Solutions and Make a Decision:   Assess the feasibility of each solution. Is the deadline realistic? Are there readily available resources you can leverage to successfully implement the solution? What is the return on investment of each solution? If necessary, come up with alternative solutions or adjust the initial ones you brainstormed in step 2.

4) Make a Decision: Finally, make a firm decision on one solution. This final solution should clearly address the root cause of the problem.

• Perform a SWOT Analysis: You can use a SWOT analysis to help you decide on the best solution. A SWOT analysis involves identifying the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats linked to a specific decision. With this framework, your team can assess a decision from various angles, thereby gaining a holistic view of it.

5) Take Action:   Write up a detailed plan. This involves developing a comprehensive roadmap that outlines the steps required to implement your solution. The steps should specify milestones, deadlines, roles, and how to obtain the necessary approvals. To ensure accountability, your entire team should have access to this action plan. Each team member should be able to track and share their progress with the group.

6) Gather and Share Feedback: Problem-solving is not a “set it and forget it” process. It’s a dynamic journey that necessitates ongoing attention, deliberation, and refinement to achieve optimal results. Thus, periodic feedback is critical in validating whether the chosen solution creates the desired impact. It allows key stakeholders to check in and make any necessary changes.

What Are Problem-Solving Skills?

Problem-solving skills are specific procedures that can be used to complete one or more of the six general steps of problem-solving (discussed above). Here are five important examples:

Using Emotional Intelligence: You’ll solve problems more calmly when you learn to recognize your own emotional patterns and to empathize with and guide the emotions of others. Avoid knee-jerk responses and making assumptions.

Researching Problems: An effective solution requires an accurate description of the problem. Define simple problems using quick research methods such as asking, “What? Where? When? and How much?.” Difficult problems require more in-depth research, such as data exploration, surveys, and interviews.

Creative Brainstorming: When brainstorming with a group, encourage idea creation by listening attentively to everyone, and recognizing everyone’s unique contributions.

Logical Reasoning: Develop standard logical steps for analyzing possible solutions to problems. Study and apply ideas about logical fallacies, deductive reasoning, and other areas of analytical thought.

Decisiveness: Use an agreed-upon system for choosing a solution, which can include assigning pros and cons to solutions, identifying mandatory results, getting feedback about solutions, choosing the decision-maker(s), and finishing or repeating the process.

How Can You Improve Your Problem-Solving Skills?

Learning how to solve business problems takes time and effort. Though some people appear to have been born with superior problem-solving skills, great problem-solvers usually have taken the time to refine their abilities. You can develop high-level skills for solving problems too, through the following methods:

Ask and Listen: Don’t expect to solve every problem alone. Ask for advice, and listen to it carefully.

Practice Curiosity: Any time you’re involved in solving a problem, practice researching and defining the problem just a little longer than you would naturally.

Break Down Problems: Whenever possible, break large problems into their smallest units. Then, search for solutions to one unit at a time.

Don’t Label Yourself Negatively: Don’t allow a problem to mean something negative about you personally. Separate yourself from it. Look at it objectively and be part of the solution.

Enhance Your Problem-Solving Skills with CMOE

Problem-solving skills in business are not developed overnight. Developing then takes ongoing practice and the right guidance to get right. We encourage you to leverage CMOE’s Problem-Solving and Decision Making in the Workplace workshop to further develop your skills. We’ll help you identify new ways to solve problems methodically so you can create greater impact.

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Proposal Templates

4+ business problem solving proposal templates – doc, pdf.

When it comes to running a business, there’s abound to be a bunch of problems that need to be taken care of. Every business owner must be aware as to what these problems are and they must also figure out the means in which they, and everyone else involved in the business, will have to deal with them. You may also see proposal samples .

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How to Create Your Business’ Problem Solving Proposal

Identify the problems, describe the cause of these problems, come up with the solutions, write down the best solutions in the proposal, critical business problem solving proposal.

Make Sure to Consider What’s Needed to Provide Solution

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Teaching Online Pedagogical Repository

Using a Business Proposal to Develop Students’ Problem-Solving Skills and Entrepreneurship

Tags: Assessment , Business Proposal , Creativity , Entrepreneurship , instructional strategy , Peer-Reviewed Entry

Description

The current technology-infused and globalized job market is putting pressure on students to apply knowledge and use it to solve complex problems (Pham & Sampson, 2022). As a result, instructors in higher education often encounter difficulty in designing and guiding learning experiences that are relevant and like what students could face in their jobs (Talbert & Bergmann, 2017). To address that gap, many instructors apply experiential learning activities to not only provide relevant and authentic learning experiences but also to promote the development of high-order skills (e.g., problem-solving, entrepreneurship).

A business proposal/plan is a written document that details how a potential business wants to achieve its goal (Joseph et al., 2021). Business plan projects are widely used in business education (Malach, & Malach, 2014) as they are seen as useful to facilitate knowledge transfer and help prepare students to pitch their brand to potential investors. Business proposals have also been used in online courses that include technology as a core dimension of knowledge and can improve students’ collaboration, communication, creativity, and planning skills (Yoke & Ngang, 2017).

Link to example artifact(s)

We illustrate how to leverage a business proposal assignment to enhance students’ problem solving and entrepreneurship based on our experience with the online course HMG6449 (Smart Travel and Tourism) taught at University of Central Florida. We explain the purpose and steps of the assignment. We also provide artifacts and share the outcomes of the assignment after its implementation in Fall 2022.

Description of the Assignment

Explain to students why the business proposal is relevant for their future careers. Highlight that the business proposal will allow them to articulate their long-term goals by creating an original and potentially feasible business opportunity based on their skills and interests. Include a list of knowledge, skills, and abilities relevant to the specific industry sector. Ideally, you would want to encourage group work since it is probed to lead to more creative and innovative products. However, some students might prefer to work individually to have more flexibility and control over the project (especially in online/mixed-mode courses). Briefly summarize the different steps of the assignment and present its goal (see Figure 1).

Fig. 1. Business Proposal Assignment

Location of the Assignment

In the HMG6449 course, the business proposal project was presented in a separate module on top of the module pages (See Figure 1) which allowed students to quickly see the deadlines for each step of the project and quickly navigate to the directions and rubrics. In addition, the instructor provided reminders within the content modules of which deliverables were due for the week. It is important to note that the reminders were included in the modules as webpages, which turn, directed students to the specific assignments available in the business project module. This strategy was taken based on students’ feedback provided in prior course sections highlighting that a specific module for the project would facilitate access to the project’s resources, directions, rubrics, and submission pages.

Team Formation and Brainstorming

Discuss with students their initial ideas since some propounded solutions might not be feasible, could be unrealistic, or could simply lack common sense. To maximize the impact of the proposed businesses, you can ask your students to come up with a team/company name and submit a one-page abstract summarizing your initial business idea. You can clarify that their initial business idea can evolve, so it does not happen to be perfect at first. The abstract is intended to show how each team/student is making progress. The crucial aspect of this stage is providing personalized feedback.

Revision/feedback on Initial Business Idea

Here is an example of how written feedback was provided to an initial idea developed by students to create a gamified app for travelers:

Thank you for sharing your initial idea. Research suggests that travelers’ sustainability awareness is generally increasing among the younger generation of consumers. Uses cases show that T&H businesses are increasingly using gamification strategies (apps with points, rewards, leaderboards) to promote customers’ engagement and brand awareness. Combining both ideas to promote sustainability behaviors and consumer engagement sounds promising. Please keep developing your idea and be more specific about the product/service that you will offer. At this point, it is not clear to me if you are thinking about developing a technological service (e.g., H&T businesses under a B2B model) or a social tool under a B2C model for consumers. You can start conducting some Internet searches to get some inspiration by seeing similar solutions (e.g., scavify) and identifying the gaps. Great work on your initial business idea!

Ask students to conduct consumer discovery through rounds of user interviews

User interviews are intended to explore users’ current journeys in a service, identify unknown needs, and provide insights to inform the design of students’ technological products or services. Recommendations for implementing include:

• Require students to complete one or two rounds of interviews. Each team member can interview 2 potential users of the propounded product/service to understand the user’s needs and to surface unknown needs and insights, not to get reactions from the work or ideas.
• Provide your students with an interview template to exemplify how the interview report should be organized.
• Provide a few complementary resources (e.g., videos) related to creating a journey map , and how to ask a question: get better answers as supplementary materials for students to dive deeper into the interview process.

Ask students to prepare a pitch deck

After potential users’ interviews, ask each team to record a mid-term project pitch talk. Each team is asked to create an up to 5-minute 8-slide presentation video of a mock business proposal accompanied by audio explanations and upload it to the online course. Invite external audiences (e.g., venture capitalists from local investment firms, and industry experts) to provide feedback on the team presentations. Provide examples of successful startups pitch decks. Provide a rubric to guide students’ performance.

Solicit students to submit a business proposal draft

The last stage consists in submitting the final business proposal. Students can be provided with an outline to summarize their business planning decisions. Students can also be encouraged to title each section of their written plan as indicated in the outline and write using their own words answers to the questions listed. A rubric is fundamental to guide the writing of the business proposal.

We found useful reminding students that they do not have to win a Pulitzer Prize but focus on selling their ideas in a compelling way. You can also provide a few examples and nonexamples of prior students’ submissions to help them visualize the required performance in the assignment.

Outcomes of the Learning Experience

Our experience implementing the business proposal assignment was positive. Students developed their ideas, creativity, and research skills to create amazing ideas on new products, services, and technologies with potential to be founded and marketed in the tourism and hospitality industry. Designed products and services included:

• Gaming app based on AR technology that can be downloaded into mobile or another digital gadget to explore destinations.
• Mobile app that makes the travel planning experiences fun and accessible.
• Autonomous and AI-enabled trams/carts that can be rolled out to airports.
• Robotic assistant that provides guests with easy access to both room supplies and room service throughout their stay.
• Full-service virtual check-in kiosk applications.
• AI-based systems to streamline the process of handling food allergies and dietary restrictions.
• Smart luggage tags that utilize biometric sciences to track and locate the items.

Students’ perceptions

Students’ reflective essays indicated they the business proposal assignment was effective for the development of soft skills: teamwork, interviewing skills, entrepreneurship, creativity, communication, leadership, and collaboration, and team commitment. Students also mentioned that the business proposal assignment was relevant for their future professional life, facilitate transfer of class knowledge to real-life practice and social impact, and provided meaningful student-student and student-instructor interactions. Some students identified a few challenges, including difficulty in matching group members’ schedules and differential contributions of group members.

Online instructors could leverage business proposal assignments to develop students’ soft skills, facilitate transfer classroom knowledge to industry, and to enhance students’ entrepreneurship/creativity. By including formative feedback and well-designed rubrics to guide students’ efforts, business proposal assignments can help learners to exercise creativity, innovation, entrepreneurship, and potentially find investments in the future to growth their companies and follow their professional dreams.

Link to scholarly references

Joseph, C., Hossen, R., Rahmat, M., Noyem, J. A., & Ho, V. B. (2021). Exploring the readiness for business proposal pitching video activity using the competition-based Learning Model among Accounting Students.  International Business Education Journal ,  14 (2), 13-24.

Malach, S. E., & Malach, R. L. (2014). Start Your own business assignment in the context of experiential entrepreneurship education.  Journal of Higher Education Outreach and Engagement ,  18 (1), 169-186.

Pham, S. T., & Sampson, P. M. (2022). The development of artificial intelligence in education: A review in context.  Journal of Computer Assisted Learning ,  38 (5), 1408-1421.

Talbert, R., & Bergmann, J. (2017).  Flipped learning: A guide for higher education faculty . Routledge.

Yoke, T. C., & Ngang, T. K. (2017). A study on soft skill development among final year diploma in business studies students.  MOJEM: Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Management ,  3 (2), 32-50.

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Are ‘Forever Chemicals’ a Forever Problem?

The environmental protection agency says “forever chemicals” must be removed from tap water. but they lurk in much more of what we eat, drink and use..

This transcript was created using speech recognition software. While it has been reviewed by human transcribers, it may contain errors. Please review the episode audio before quoting from this transcript and email [email protected] with any questions.

From “The New York Times,” I’m Sabrina Tavernise. And this is “The Daily.”

[THEME MUSIC]

This month for the first time, the Environmental Protection Agency began to regulate a class of synthetic chemicals, known as forever chemicals, in America’s drinking water. But the chemicals, which have been linked to liver disease and other serious health problems, are in far more than just our water supply. Today, my colleague Kim Tingley explains.

It’s Wednesday, April 17.

So Kim, any time the EPA announces a regulation, I think we all sort of take notice because implicit in it is this idea that we have been exposed to something — something bad, potentially, lead or asbestos. And recently, the EPA is regulating a type of chemical known as PFAS So for those who don’t know, what are PFAS chemicals

Yeah, so PFAS stands for per and polyfluoroalkyl substances. They’re often called forever chemicals just because they persist so long in the environment and they don’t easily break down. And for that reason, we also use them in a ton of consumer products. They’re in makeup. They’re in carpet. They’re in nonstick cookware. They’re in food packaging, all sorts of things.

Yeah, I feel like I’ve been hearing about these chemicals actually for a very long time. I mean, nonstick pans, Teflon — that’s the thing that’s in my mind when I think PFAS.

Absolutely. Yeah, this class of chemicals has been around for decades. And what’s really important about this is that the EPA has decided, for the first time, to regulate them in drinking water. And that’s a ruling that stands to affect tens of millions of people.

So, help me understand where these things came from and how it’s taken so long to get to the point where we’re actually regulating them.

So, they really actually came about a long time ago. In 1938, DuPont, the people who eventually got us to Teflon, they were actually looking for a more stable kind of refrigerant. And they came upon this kind of chemical, PFAS. The thing that all PFAS chemicals have is a really strong bond between carbon atoms and fluorine atoms. This particular pairing is super strong and super durable.

They have water repellent properties. They’re stain resistant. They’re grease resistant. And they found a lot of uses for them initially in World War II. They were using them as part of their uranium enrichment process to do all these kinds of things. And then —

Well, good thing it’s Teflon.

In the 1950s is when they really started to come out as commercial products.

Even burned food won’t stick to Teflon. So it’s always easy to clean.

So, DuPont started using it in Teflon pans.

Cookware never needs scouring if it has DuPont Teflon.

And then another company, 3M also started using a kind of PFAS —

Scotchgard fabric protector. It keeps ordinary spills from becoming extraordinary stains.

— in one of their big products, Scotchgard. So you probably remember spraying that on your shoes if you want to make your shoes waterproof.

Use Scotchgard fabric protector and let your cup runneth over.

Right — miracle product, Scotchgard, Teflon. But of course, we’re talking about these chemicals because they’ve been found to pose health threats. When does that risk start to surface?

Yeah, so it’s pretty early on that DuPont and 3M start finding effects in animals in studies that they’re running in house.

Around the mid ‘60s, they start seeing that PFAS has an effect on rats. It’s increasing the liver and kidney weights of the rats. And so that seems problematic. And they keep running tests over the next decade and a half. And they try different things with different animals.

In one study, they gave monkeys really, really high levels of PFAS. And those monkeys died. And so they have a pretty strong sense that these chemicals could be dangerous. And then in 1979, they start to see that the workers that are in the plants manufacturing, working with these chemicals, that they’re starting to have higher rates of abnormal liver function. And in a Teflon plant, they had some pregnant workers that were working with these chemicals. And one of those workers in 1981 gave birth to a child who had some pretty severe birth defects.

And then by the mid 1980s, DuPont figures out that it’s not just their workers who are being exposed to these chemicals, but communities that are living in areas surrounding their Teflon plant, particularly the one in Parkersburg, West Virginia, that those communities have PFAS in their tap water.

Wow, so based on its own studies, DuPont knows its chemicals are making animals sick. They seem to be making workers sick. And now they found out that the chemicals have made their way into the water supply. What do they do with that information?

As far as we know, they didn’t do much. They certainly didn’t tell the residents of Parkersburg who were drinking that water that there was anything that they needed to be worried about.

How is that possible? I mean, setting aside the fact that DuPont is the one actually studying the health effects of its own chemicals, presumably to make sure they’re safe, we’ve seen these big, regulating agencies like the EPA and the FDA that exist in order to watch out for something exactly like this, a company that is producing something that may be harming Americans. Why weren’t they keeping a closer watch?

Yeah, so it goes kind of back to the way that we regulate chemicals in the US. It goes through an act called the Toxic Substances Control Act that’s administered by the EPA. And basically, it gives companies a lot of room to regulate themselves, in a sense. Under this act they have a responsibility to report to the EPA if they find these kinds of potential issues with a chemical. They have a responsibility to do their due diligence when they’re putting a chemical out into the environment.

But there’s really not a ton of oversight. The enforcement mechanism is that the EPA can find them. But this kind of thing can happen pretty easily where DuPont keeps going with something that they think might really be a problem and then the fine, by the time it plays out, is just a tiny fraction of what DuPont has earned from producing these chemicals. And so really, the incentive is for them to take the punishment at the end, rather than pull it out early.

So it seems like it’s just self-reporting, which is basically self-regulation in a way.

Yeah, I think that is the way a lot of advocacy groups and experts have characterized it to me, is that chemical companies are essentially regulating themselves.

So how did this danger eventually come to light? I mean, if this is in some kind of DuPont vault, what happened?

Well, there’s a couple different things that started to happen in the late ‘90s.

The community around Parkersburg, West Virginia, people had reported seeing really strange symptoms in their animals. Cows were losing their hair. They had lesions. They were behaving strangely. Some of their calves were dying. And a lot of people in the community felt like they were having health problems that just didn’t really have a good answer, mysterious sicknesses, and some cases of cancers.

And so they initiate a class action lawsuit against DuPont. As part of that class action lawsuit, DuPont, at a certain point, is forced to turn over all of their internal documentation. And so what was in the files was all of that research that we mentioned all of the studies about — animals, and workers, the birth defects. It was really the first time that the public saw what DuPont and 3M had already seen, which is the potential health harms of these chemicals.

So that seems pretty damning. I mean, what happened to the company?

So, DuPont and 3M are still able to say these were just a few workers. And they were working with high levels of the chemicals, more than a person would get drinking it in the water. And so there’s still an opportunity for this to be kind of correlation, but not causation. There’s not really a way to use that data to prove for sure that it was PFAS that caused these health problems.

In other words, the company is arguing, look, yes, these two things exist at the same time. But it doesn’t mean that one caused the other.

Exactly. And so one of the things that this class action lawsuit demands in the settlement that they eventually reach with DuPont is they want DuPont to fund a formal independent health study of the communities that are affected by this PFAS in their drinking water. And so they want DuPont to pay to figure out for sure, using the best available science, how many of these health problems are potentially related to their chemicals.

And so they ask them to pay for it. And they get together an independent group of researchers to undertake this study. And it ends up being the first — and it still might be the biggest — epidemiological study of PFAS in a community. They’ve got about 69,000 participants in this study.

Wow, that’s big.

It’s big, yeah. And what they ended up deciding was that they could confidently say that there was what they ended up calling a probable link. And so they were really confident that the chemical exposure that the study participants had experienced was linked to high cholesterol, ulcerative colitis, thyroid disease, testicular cancer, kidney cancer, and pregnancy induced hypertension.

And so those were the conditions that they were able to say, with a good degree of certainty, were related to their chemical exposure. There were others that they just didn’t have the evidence to reach a strong conclusion.

So overall, pretty substantial health effects, and kind of vindicates the communities in West Virginia that were claiming that these chemicals were really affecting their health.

Absolutely. And as the years have gone on, that was sort of just the beginning of researchers starting to understand all the different kinds of health problems that these chemicals could potentially be causing. And so since the big DuPont class action study, there’s really just been like this building and building and building of different researchers coming out with these different pieces of evidence that have accumulated to a pretty alarming picture of what some of the potential health outcomes could be.

OK, so that really kind of brings us to the present moment, when, at last, it seems the EPA is saying enough is enough. We need to regulate these things.

Yeah, it seems like the EPA has been watching this preponderance of evidence accumulate. And they’re sort of deciding that it’s a real health problem, potentially, that they need to regulate.

So the EPA has identified six of these PFAS chemicals that it’s going to regulate. But the concern that I think a lot of experts have is that this particular regulation is not going to keep PFAS out of our bodies.

We’ll be right back.

So, Kim, you just said that these regulations probably won’t keep PFAS chemicals out of our bodies. What did you mean?

Well, the EPA is talking about regulating these six kinds of PFAS. But there are actually more than 10,000 different kinds of PFAS that are already being produced and out there in the environment.

And why those six, exactly? I mean, is it because those are the ones responsible for most of the harm?

Those are the ones that the EPA has seen enough evidence about that they are confident that they are probably causing harm. But it doesn’t mean that the other ones are not also doing something similar. It’s just sort of impossible for researchers to be able to test each individual chemical compound and try to link it to a health outcome.

I talked to a lot of researchers who were involved in this area and they said that they haven’t really seen a PFAS that doesn’t have a harm, but they just don’t have information on the vast majority of these compounds.

So in other words, we just haven’t studied the rest of them enough yet to even know how harmful they actually are, which is kind of alarming.

Yeah, that’s right. And there’s just new ones coming out all the time.

Right. OK, so of the six that the EPA is actually intending to regulate, though, are those new regulations strict enough to keep these chemicals out of our bodies?

So the regulations for those six chemicals really only cover getting them out of the drinking water. And drinking water only really accounts for about 20 percent of a person’s overall PFAS exposure.

So only a fifth of the total exposure.

Yeah. There are lots of other ways that you can come into contact with PFAS. We eat PFAS, we inhale PFAS. We rub it on our skin. It’s in so many different products. And sometimes those products are not ones that you would necessarily think of. They’re in carpets. They’re in furniture. They’re in dental floss, raincoats, vinyl flooring, artificial turf. All kinds of products that you want to be either waterproof or stain resistant or both have these chemicals in them.

So, the cities and towns are going to have to figure out how to test for and monitor for these six kinds of PFAS. And then they’re also going to have to figure out how to filter them out of the water supply. I think a lot of people are concerned that this is going to be just a really expensive endeavor, and it’s also not really going to take care of the entire problem.

Right. And if you step back and really look at the bigger problem, the companies are still making these things, right? I mean, we’re running around trying to regulate this stuff at the end stage. But these things are still being dumped into the environment.

Yeah. I think it’s a huge criticism of our regulatory policy. There’s a lot of onus put on the EPA to prove that a harm has happened once the chemicals are already out there and then to regulate the chemicals. And I think that there’s a criticism that we should do things the other way around, so tougher regulations on the front end before it goes out into the environment.

And that’s what the European Union has been doing. The European Chemicals Agency puts more of the burden on companies to prove that their products and their chemicals are safe. And the European Chemicals Agency is also, right now, considering just a ban on all PFAS products.

So is that a kind of model, perhaps, of what a tough regulation could look like in the US?

There’s two sides to that question. And the first side is that a lot of people feel like it would be better if these chemical companies had to meet a higher standard of proof in terms of demonstrating that their products or their chemicals are going to be safe once they’ve been put out in the environment.

The other side is that doing that kind of upfront research can be really expensive and could potentially limit companies who are trying to innovate in that space. In terms of PFAS, specifically, this is a really important chemical for us. And a lot of the things that we use it in, there’s not necessarily a great placement at the ready that we can just swap in. And so it’s used in all sorts of really important medical devices or renewable energy industries or firefighting foam.

And in some cases, there are alternatives that might be safer that companies can use. But in other cases, they just don’t have that yet. And so PFAS is still really important to our daily lives.

Right. And that kind of leaves us in a pickle because we know these things might be harming us. Yet, we’re kind of stuck with them, at least for now. So, let me just ask you this question, Kim, which I’ve been wanting to ask you since the beginning of this episode, which is, if you’re a person who is concerned about your exposure to PFAS, what do you do?

Yeah. So this is really tricky and I asked everybody this question who I talked to. And everybody has a little bit of a different answer based on their circumstance. For me what I ended up doing was getting rid of the things that I could sort of spot and get rid of. And so I got rid of some carpeting and I checked, when I was buying my son a raincoat, that it was made by a company that didn’t use PFAS.

It’s also expensive. And so if you can afford to get a raincoat from a place that doesn’t manufacture PFAS, it’s going to cost more than if you buy the budget raincoat. And so it’s kind of unfair to put the onus on consumers in that way. And it’s also just not necessarily clear where exactly your exposure is coming from.

So I talk to people who said, well, it’s in dust, so I vacuum a lot. Or it’s in my cleaning products, so I use natural cleaning products. And so I think it’s really sort of a scattershot approach that consumers can take. But I don’t think that there is a magic approach that gets you a PFAS-free life.

So Kim, this is pretty dark, I have to say. And I think what’s frustrating is that it feels like we have these government agencies that are supposed to be protecting our health. But when you drill down here, the guidance is really more like you’re on your own. I mean, it’s hard not to just throw up your hands and say, I give up.

Yeah. I think it’s really tricky to try to know what you do with all of this information as an individual. As much as you can, you can try to limit your individual exposure. But it seems to me as though it’s at a regulatory level that meaningful change would happen, and not so much throwing out your pots and pans and getting new ones.

One thing about PFAS is just that we’re in this stage still of trying to understand exactly what it’s doing inside of us. And so there’s a certain amount of research that has to happen in order to both convince people that there’s a real problem that needs to be solved, and clean up what we’ve put out there. And so I think that we’re sort of in the middle of that arc. And I think that that’s the point at which people start looking for solutions.

Kim, thank you.

Here’s what else you should know today. On Tuesday, in day two of jury selection for the historic hush money case against Donald Trump, lawyers succeeded in selecting 7 jurors out of the 12 that are required for the criminal trial after failing to pick a single juror on Monday.

Lawyers for Trump repeatedly sought to remove potential jurors whom they argued were biased against the president. Among the reasons they cited were social media posts expressing negative views of the former President and, in one case, a video posted by a potential juror of New Yorkers celebrating Trump’s loss in the 2020 election. Once a full jury is seated, which could come as early as Friday, the criminal trial is expected to last about six weeks.

Today’s episode was produced by Clare Toeniskoetter, Shannon Lin, Summer Thomad, Stella Tan, and Jessica Cheung, with help from Sydney Harper. It was edited by Devon Taylor, fact checked by Susan Lee, contains original music by Dan Powell, Elisheba Ittoop, and Marion Lozano, and was engineered by Chris Wood.

Our theme music is by Jim Brunberg and Ben Landsverk of Wonderly.

That’s it for The Daily. I’m Sabrina Tavernise. See you tomorrow.

• April 22, 2024   •   24:30 The Evolving Danger of the New Bird Flu
• April 19, 2024   •   30:42 The Supreme Court Takes Up Homelessness
• April 18, 2024   •   30:07 The Opening Days of Trump’s First Criminal Trial
• April 17, 2024   •   24:52 Are ‘Forever Chemicals’ a Forever Problem?
• April 16, 2024   •   29:29 A.I.’s Original Sin
• April 15, 2024   •   24:07 Iran’s Unprecedented Attack on Israel
• April 14, 2024   •   46:17 The Sunday Read: ‘What I Saw Working at The National Enquirer During Donald Trump’s Rise’
• April 12, 2024   •   34:23 How One Family Lost $900,000 in a Timeshare Scam
• April 11, 2024   •   28:39 The Staggering Success of Trump’s Trial Delay Tactics
• April 10, 2024   •   22:49 Trump’s Abortion Dilemma
• April 9, 2024   •   30:48 How Tesla Planted the Seeds for Its Own Potential Downfall
• April 8, 2024   •   30:28 The Eclipse Chaser

Hosted by Sabrina Tavernise

Featuring Kim Tingley

Produced by Clare Toeniskoetter ,  Shannon M. Lin ,  Summer Thomad ,  Stella Tan and Jessica Cheung

With Sydney Harper

Edited by Devon Taylor

Original music by Dan Powell ,  Elisheba Ittoop and Marion Lozano

Engineered by Chris Wood

Listen and follow The Daily Apple Podcasts | Spotify | Amazon Music

The Environmental Protection Agency has begun for the first time to regulate a class of synthetic chemicals known as “forever chemicals” in America’s drinking water.

Kim Tingley, a contributing writer for The New York Times Magazine, explains how these chemicals, which have been linked to liver disease and other serious health problems, came to be in the water supply — and in many more places.

On today’s episode

Kim Tingley , a contributing writer for The New York Times Magazine.

Background reading

“Forever chemicals” are everywhere. What are they doing to us?

The E.P.A. issued its rule about “forever chemicals” last week.

There are a lot of ways to listen to The Daily. Here’s how.

We aim to make transcripts available the next workday after an episode’s publication. You can find them at the top of the page.

Fact-checking by Susan Lee .

The Daily is made by Rachel Quester, Lynsea Garrison, Clare Toeniskoetter, Paige Cowett, Michael Simon Johnson, Brad Fisher, Chris Wood, Jessica Cheung, Stella Tan, Alexandra Leigh Young, Lisa Chow, Eric Krupke, Marc Georges, Luke Vander Ploeg, M.J. Davis Lin, Dan Powell, Sydney Harper, Mike Benoist, Liz O. Baylen, Asthaa Chaturvedi, Rachelle Bonja, Diana Nguyen, Marion Lozano, Corey Schreppel, Rob Szypko, Elisheba Ittoop, Mooj Zadie, Patricia Willens, Rowan Niemisto, Jody Becker, Rikki Novetsky, John Ketchum, Nina Feldman, Will Reid, Carlos Prieto, Ben Calhoun, Susan Lee, Lexie Diao, Mary Wilson, Alex Stern, Dan Farrell, Sophia Lanman, Shannon Lin, Diane Wong, Devon Taylor, Alyssa Moxley, Summer Thomad, Olivia Natt, Daniel Ramirez and Brendan Klinkenberg.

Our theme music is by Jim Brunberg and Ben Landsverk of Wonderly. Special thanks to Sam Dolnick, Paula Szuchman, Lisa Tobin, Larissa Anderson, Julia Simon, Sofia Milan, Mahima Chablani, Elizabeth Davis-Moorer, Jeffrey Miranda, Renan Borelli, Maddy Masiello, Isabella Anderson and Nina Lassam.

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