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Conclusions, article information, defining the relationship between plasma glucose and hba 1c : analysis of glucose profiles and hba 1c in the diabetes control and complications trial.

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Curt L. Rohlfing , Hsiao-Mei Wiedmeyer , Randie R. Little , Jack D. England , Alethea Tennill , David E. Goldstein; Defining the Relationship Between Plasma Glucose and HbA 1c : Analysis of glucose profiles and HbA 1c in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial . Diabetes Care 1 February 2002; 25 (2): 275–278. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.25.2.275

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OBJECTIVE — To define the relationship between HbA 1c and plasma glucose (PG) levels in patients with type 1 diabetes using data from the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS — The DCCT was a multicenter, randomized clinical trial designed to compare intensive and conventional therapies and their relative effects on the development and progression of diabetic complications in patients with type 1 diabetes. Quarterly HbA 1c and corresponding seven-point capillary blood glucose profiles (premeal, postmeal, and bedtime) obtained in the DCCT were analyzed to define the relationship between HbA 1c and PG. Only data from complete profiles with corresponding HbA 1c were used ( n = 26,056). Of the 1,441 subjects who participated in the study, 2 were excluded due to missing data. Mean plasma glucose (MPG) was estimated by multiplying capillary blood glucose by 1.11. Linear regression analysis weighted by the number of observations per subject was used to correlate MPG and HbA 1c .

RESULTS — Linear regression analysis, using MPG and HbA 1c summarized by patient ( n = 1,439), produced a relationship of MPG (mmol/l) = (1.98 ○1 HbA 1c ) - 4.29 or MPG (mg/dl) = (35.6 ○1 HbA 1c ) - 77.3, r = 0.82). Among individual time points, afternoon and evening PG (postlunch, predinner, postdinner, and bedtime) showed higher correlations with HbA 1c than the morning time points (prebreakfast, postbreakfast, and prelunch).

CONCLUSIONS — We have defined the relationship between HbA 1c and PG as assessed in the DCCT. Knowing this relationship can help patients with diabetes and their healthcare providers set day-to-day targets for PG to achieve specific HbA 1c goals.

The results of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT), published in 1993, and the U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study, published in 1998, established the relationship between HbA 1c levels and risks for diabetic complications in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, respectively. Based on the results of the DCCT, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) has published recommendations for HbA 1c and plasma glucose (PG) levels that are widely used ( 1 , 2 ). However, it is important that the relationship between daily patient-monitored blood glucose determinations and HbA 1c be clearly defined to enable patients and their health care providers to set appropriate daily PG testing goals to achieve HbA 1c levels representing low risks for adverse outcomes.

Several previous studies have analyzed the relationship between blood glucose (BG) and HbA 1c . Svendson et al. ( 3 ) assessed 15 subjects with type 1 diabetes who collected seven-point BG profiles over a 5-week period (three profiles per week) and used a curvilinear equation to correlate BG and HbA 1c . Nathan et al. ( 4 ) obtained repeated preprandial and postprandial BG samples from 21 subjects with type 1 diabetes over an 8-week period and used a linear regression equation to describe the relationship between BG and HbA 1c . In the DCCT, the correlation between HbA 1c and mean BG was initially determined in a limited number of patients ( n = 278) for the feasibility study ( 5 ). However, a comprehensive analysis of the relationship of BG and HbA 1c , examining BG at different time points and using the entire data set, was never performed. Here, we examine, in detail, the relationship between BG (converted to PG) and HbA 1c , using data obtained from the entire DCCT data set to better define this relationship.

The DCCT data set was provided by the National Institutes of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases of the National Institutes of Health and was prepared by the Data Coordinating Center at George Washington University. The DCCT was a multicenter, randomized clinical trial designed to compare intensive and conventional therapies and their relative effects on the development and progression of diabetic complications in patients with type 1 diabetes ( 1 ). The study population consisted of 1,441 patients with type 1 diabetes recruited by 29 centers located throughout the U.S. and Canada. Patients were between 13 and 39 years of age and did not show evidence of severe diabetic complications at the time of admission into the study. Intensive therapy consisted of three or more insulin injections daily or use of an insulin pump with the intent of achieving BG values as close to the normal range as possible. Conventional therapy consisted of one or two insulin injections per day. Mean duration of participation was 6.5 years (range 3–9 years).

Quarterly HbA 1c measurements ( n = 37,058) and corresponding BG profiles were obtained from 1,441 subjects. After exclusions due to incomplete profiles, there were 26,056 HbA 1c values with corresponding seven-point profiles from 1,439 subjects (an average of 18 HbA 1c values and corresponding profiles per patient).

For the seven-point BG profiles, capillary blood hemolysates were collected before meals, 90 min after meals, and at bedtime by patients in the home ( 6 ). BG was measured in a central laboratory using a hexokinase enzymatic method ( 7 ). Blood for HbA 1c analysis was collected by venipuncture. HbA 1c was measured in a central laboratory using an ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography method ( 8 , 9 ).

Statistical analysis was performed using SAS and SPSS (Chicago, IL). Mean BG was determined using area-under-the-curve analysis ( 10 ). For each profile, the seven time points were connected by straight lines over time for a 24-h period, and then the trapezoidal areas under each curve were determined, added together, and divided by time. A constant BG level between bedtime and the following morning was assumed. Mean plasma glucose (MPG) was estimated by adding 11% to mean BG estimates ( 11 ). Mean MPG and HbA 1c were calculated for each subject and used to perform least-squares linear regression analysis. Due to variation in the number of observations per subject, the regression analysis was weighted to account for this. The relationships between individual PG time points and HbA 1c were also examined.

The results of linear regression analysis are summarized in Fig. 1 . The Pearson correlation coefficient ( r ) was 0.82; change in MPG per increase of 1% HbA 1c was 1.98 mmol/l (35.6 mg/dl). The 95% prediction interval for a subject with 18 observations (the average number of profiles per patient in this study) was ±3.81 mmol/l (69 mg/dl) at levels of 6–9% HbA 1c . Within-subject (intraindividual) variation in HbA 1c was much lower than for seven-point PG (mean intraindividual coefficient of variation = 9.7 vs. 29.8%, respectively).

MPG at increasing levels of HbA 1c is shown in Table 1 . Along with regression-estimated MPG, the table shows approximate MPG based on increments of 2 mmol/l or 35 mg/dl per 1% change in HbA 1c to facilitate clinical interpretation and use of these data.

Results of regression analyses correlating HbA 1c with individual premeal and postmeal PG are summarized in Figs. 2 and 3 . All individual time points showed lower correlations than the seven-point profiles. Prelunch and earlier PG time points showed lower correlations with HbA 1c than postlunch and later PG time points.

The increasing use of HbA 1c to monitor long-term glycemic control in diabetic patients is largely the result of data from the DCCT and the U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study showing that HbA 1c is strongly correlated with adverse outcome risks. For patients and health care providers, a clear understanding of the relationship between PG and HbA 1c is necessary for setting appropriate day-to-day PG testing goals with the expectation of achieving specific HbA 1c targets.

The relationship between HbA 1c and PG is complex. Many studies have shown that HbA 1c is an index of MPG over the preceding weeks to months. Erythrocyte life span averages ∼120 days. The level of HbA 1c at any point in time is contributed to by all circulating erythrocytes, from the oldest (120 days old) to the youngest. However, recent PG levels (i.e., 3–4 weeks earlier) contribute considerably more to the level of HbA 1c than do long- past PG levels (i.e., 3–4 months earlier). Therefore, HbA 1c is a “weighted” average of BG levels during the preceding 120 days; PG levels in the preceding 30 days contribute ∼50% to the final result, and PG levels from 90–120 days earlier contribute only ∼10% ( 12 , 13 ). This explains why the level of HbA 1c can increase or decrease relatively quickly with large changes in PG; it does not take 120 days to detect a clinically meaningful change in HbA 1c after a change in MPG.

Another factor that complicates efforts to describe an accurate and precise relationship between PG and HbA 1c is that, for practical reasons, previous studies and our present study have attempted to define this relationship using a limited number of PG levels measured over a limited time period (in this case, 1 day every 3 months) to estimate HbA 1c . Short-term PG levels can fluctuate markedly, particularly in patients with type 1 diabetes; this can result in significant discrepancies when attempting to estimate HbA 1c based on a single PG measurement or even a series of measurements on a single day. In this study, the time between sampling also contributes to intraindividual variation, especially for PG. However, we have achieved greater certainty in our estimates of the relationship between PG and HbA 1c than was possible in previous studies by using a considerably larger number of patients and observations obtained over a longer period of time. The resulting strong correlation suggests that, although a single PG measurement or a single daily profile may not reliably predict HbA 1c , PG levels measured over time can provide a reasonably accurate estimation of HbA 1c .

Several studies have suggested that, although intraindividual variation in HbA 1c is minimal, there is evidence of wide fluctuations in HbA 1c between individuals that are unrelated to glycemic status, suggesting that there are “low glycators” and “high glycators” ( 14 – 16 ). However, a recent study showed that when multiple observations per patient are used to minimize the effects of assay variation, the interindividual range of HbA 1c results in nondiabetic individuals is actually quite narrow, <1% HbA 1c ( 17 ). Therefore, for any individual patient, a consistent discrepancy between patient-monitored PG determinations and estimated HbA 1c should be investigated; there may be other factors causing this discrepancy, such as improper meter use, laboratory error, a physical condition that alters red cell life span, or a variant hemoglobin interfering with the HbA 1c assay method. With the advent of new technologies that are capable of monitoring PG on a 24-h basis ( 18 ), it will be interesting to see how our estimate of the relationship between PG and HbA 1c compares with estimates obtained using these technologies.

Our data indicate that fasting PG alone should be used with caution as a measure of long-term glycemia. Fasting PG tended to progressively underestimate HbA 1c (and seven-point MPG) at increasing PG levels. The data also suggest that postmeal PG contributes appreciably to HbA 1c ; however, all postmeal times are not equal in their contribution. We found that compared with the seven-point profiles, postbreakfast levels markedly overestimate HbA 1c , whereas postlunch levels show a relationship to HbA 1c that is very similar to that of MPG. A previous study of patients with type 2 diabetes also found that postlunch PG is a better indicator of glycemic control than fasting PG ( 19 ). However, that study did not examine bedtime PG, which we found also shows a relationship to HbA 1c that is very similar to that of MPG.

The ADA currently recommends that patients with diabetes attempt to achieve average preprandial PG levels of 5.0–7.2 mmol/l (90–130 mg/dl) and average bedtime PG levels of 6.1–8.3 mmol/l (110–150 mg/dl) as well as HbA 1c <7% ( 2 ). Our results show estimated average preprandial PG and bedtime PG levels of 8.7 and 9.2 mmol/l (157 and 166 mg/dl), respectively, at 7% HbA 1c . These data suggest that patients who consistently achieve ADA-recommended BG and PG targets will also achieve an HbA 1c level <7%.

In summary, there is a predictable relationship between PG and HbA 1c . Understanding this relationship will allow patients with diabetes and their healthcare providers set appropriate day-to-day PG targets based on HbA 1c goals. It is important to note that the relationship between PG and HbA 1c defined in this study only applies when HbA 1c is measured using assay methods that are certified by the National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program as traceable to the DCCT reference method, as recommended by the ADA ( 20 ). Fasting PG should be used with caution as a surrogate measure of MPG because it may significantly underestimate HbA 1c and, therefore, risks for complications at increasing HbA 1c levels.

MPG versus HbA 1c : n = 1,439; r = 0.82; PG (mmol/l) = (1.98 ·1 HbA 1c ) – 4.29. The dashed line indicates the regression line.

Premeal MPG and r at different testing times. — —, Prebreakfast; -----, prelunch; — - —, predinner; ——, seven-point.

Postmeal MPG and r at different testing times. — —, Postbreakfast; -----, Postlunch; — - —, postdinner; — -- —, bedtime; ——, seven-point.

MPG as estimated from the regression line and approximate MPG (based on MPG change of 35 mg/dl or 2 mmol/l per 1% change in HbA 1c ) at different HbA 1c levels

We thank the DCCT study group and the Data Coordinating Center at George Washington University for providing the data set as well as the patient volunteers who participated in the DCCT.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Curt L. Rohlfing, University of Missouri-Columbia, Department of Child Health, 1 Hospital Drive M772, Columbia, MO 65203. E-mail: [email protected] .

Received for publication 20 April 2001 and accepted in revised form 18 October 2001.

A table elsewhere in this issue shows conventional and Système International (SI) units and conversion factors for many substances.

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• Review Article
• Published: 20 October 2020

The trials and tribulations of determining HbA 1c targets for diabetes mellitus

• Klara R. Klein   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-5894-9054 1 &
• John B. Buse 1  

Nature Reviews Endocrinology volume  16 ,  pages 717–730 ( 2020 ) Cite this article

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• Diabetes complications

Glycated haemoglobin (HbA 1c ) is considered the gold standard for predicting glycaemia-associated risks for the microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes mellitus over 5–10 years. The value of HbA 1c in the care of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is unassailable, yet HbA 1c targets remain contentious. Guidelines from diabetes care organizations recommend conflicting HbA 1c targets — generally between 6.5% and 8%. However, all such organizations advocate for individualization of HbA 1c targets, leaving both health-care providers and their patients confused about what HbA 1c target is appropriate in an individual patient. In this Review, we outline the landmark T1DM and T2DM trials that informed the current guidelines, we discuss the evidence that drives individualized HbA 1c targets, we examine the limitations of HbA 1c , and we consider alternatives for monitoring glycaemic control. Ultimately, in synthesizing this literature, we argue for an HbA 1c target of <7% for most individuals, but emphasize the importance of helping patients determine their own personal goals and determinants of quality of life that are independent of a particular glycaemic target. We also recognize that as newer technologies and anti-hyperglycaemic therapies emerge, glycaemic targets will continue to evolve.

Glycated haemoglobin (HbA 1c ) targets are controversial due to conflicting results from large-scale clinical trials in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Observational studies in patients with type 1 diabetes have shown that achieving an average HbA 1c of ≤7.5% over 25 years is associated with a low risk of disabling microvascular complications.

Data from large-scale outcome trials in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus have demonstrated that achieving an HbA 1c of ~7% is associated with microvascular benefit as compared with higher levels of HbA 1c , but less clear evidence exists for macrovascular outcomes.

Although it is the gold standard for monitoring glycaemic control, HbA 1c has limitations that are not widely appreciated.

The advent of novel technology (especially continuous glucose monitors) and therapeutic agents (GLP1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors) have created additional reasons for a more flexible approach to selecting HbA 1c treatment targets. No tool, technology or pharmacotherapy will replace the importance of shared decision-making based on mutual respect and understanding between patients and health-care providers to individualize HbA 1c targets.

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Yudkin, J. S. et al. Unexplained variability of glycated haemoglobin in non-diabetic subjects not related to glycaemia. Diabetologia 33 , 208–215 (1990).

Beck, R. W., Connor, C. G., Mullen, D. M., Wesley, D. M. & Bergenstal, R. M. The fallacy of average: how using HbA1c alone to assess glycemic control can be misleading. Diabetes Care 40 , 994–999 (2017).

Diabetes Research in Children Network (DIRECNET) Study Group. Relationship of A1C to glucose concentrations in children with type 1 diabetes: assessments by high-frequency glucose determinations by sensors. Diabetes Care 31 , 381–385 (2008).

Dagogo-Jack, S. Pitfalls in the use of HbA1c as a diagnostic test: the ethnic conundrum. Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. 6 , 589–593 (2010).

Snieder, H. et al. HbA(1c) levels are genetically determined even in type 1 diabetes: evidence from healthy and diabetic twins. Diabetes 50 , 2858–2863 (2001).

Khera, P. K. et al. Evidence for interindividual heterogeneity in the glucose gradient across the human red blood cell membrane and its relationship to hemoglobin glycation. Diabetes 57 , 2445–2452 (2008).

Cohen, R. M. et al. Red cell life span heterogeneity in hematologically normal people is sufficient to alter HbA1c. Blood 112 , 4284–4291 (2008).

Tuttle, K. R. et al. Diabetic kidney disease: a report from an ADA consensus conference. Diabetes Care 37 , 2864–2883 (2014).

Campbell, L., Pepper, T. & Shipman, K. HbA1c: a review of non-glycaemic variables. J. Clin. Pathol. 72 , 12–19 (2019).

Nielsen, L. R. et al. HbA1c levels are significantly lower in early and late pregnancy. Diabetes Care 27 , 1200–1201 (2004).

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Boudreau, V. et al. Screening for cystic fibrosis-related diabetes: matching pathophysiology and addressing current challenges. Can. J. Diabetes 40 , 466–470 (2016).

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Wu, L. et al. Effect of age on the diagnostic efficiency of HbA1c for diabetes in a Chinese middle-aged and elderly population: the Shanghai Changfeng Study. PLoS ONE 12 , e0184607 (2017).

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Zhong, G. C., Ye, M. X., Cheng, J. H., Zhao, Y. & Gong, J. P. HbA1c and risks of all-cause and cause-specific death in subjects without known diabetes: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Sci. Rep. 6 , 24071 (2016).

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Bower, J. K., Brancati, F. L. & Selvin, E. No ethnic differences in the association of glycated hemoglobin with retinopathy: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2008. Diabetes Care 36 , 569–573 (2013).

Tsugawa, Y., Mukamal, K. J., Davis, R. B., Taylor, W. C. & Wee, C. C. Should the hemoglobin A1c diagnostic cutoff differ between blacks and whites? A cross-sectional study. Ann. Intern. Med. 157 , 153–159 (2012).

Selvin, E. Are there clinical implications of racial differences in HbA1c? A difference, to be a difference, must make a difference. Diabetes Care 39 , 1462–1467 (2016).

Hudson, P. R., Child, D. F., Jones, H. & Williams, C. P. Differences in rates of glycation (glycation index) may significantly affect individual HbA1c results in type 1 diabetes. Ann. Clin. Biochem. 36 , 451–459 (1999).

Cohen, R. M., Holmes, Y. R., Chenier, T. C. & Joiner, C. H. Discordance between HbA1c and fructosamine. Evidence for a glycosylation gap and its relation to Diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes Care 26 , 163–167 (2003).

Hempe, J. M., Gomez, R., McCarter, R. J. Jr. & Chalew, S. A. High and low hemoglobin glycation phenotypes in type 1 diabetes: a challenge for interpretation of glycemic control. J. Diabetes Complicat. 16 , 313–320 (2002).

Nayak, A. U., Nevill, A. M., Bassett, P. & Singh, B. M. Association of glycation gap with mortality and vascular complications in diabetes. Diabetes Care 36 , 3247–3253 (2013).

Hempe, J. M. et al. The hemoglobin glycation index identifies subpopulations with harms or benefits from intensive treatment in the ACCORD trial. Diabetes Care 38 , 1067–1074 (2015).

Basu, S., Raghavan, S., Wexler, D. J. & Berkowitz, S. A. Characteristics associated with decreased or increased mortality risk from glycemic therapy among patients with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk: machine learning analysis of the ACCORD trial. Diabetes Care 41 , 604–612 (2018).

van Steen, S. C. et al. Haemoglobin glycation index and risk for diabetes-related complications in the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified Release Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE) trial. Diabetologia 61 , 780–789 (2018).

Gorst, C. et al. Long-term glycemic variability and risk of adverse outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Care 38 , 2354–2369 (2015).

Sacks, D. B. A1C versus glucose testing: a comparison. Diabetes Care 34 , 518–523 (2011).

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Buse, J. B., Freeman, J. L., Edelman, S. V., Jovanovic, L. & McGill, J. B. Serum 1,5-anhydroglucitol (GlycoMark): a short-term glycemic marker. Diabetes Technol. Ther. 5 , 355–363 (2003).

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Dungan, K. M. et al. 1,5-anhydroglucitol and postprandial hyperglycemia as measured by continuous glucose monitoring system in moderately controlled patients with diabetes. Diabetes Care 29 , 1214–1219 (2006).

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Beck, R. W. et al. Validation of time in range as an outcome measure for diabetes clinical trials. Diabetes Care 42 , 400–405 (2019).

Lu, J. et al. Association of time in range, as assessed by continuous glucose monitoring, with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 41 , 2370–2376 (2018).

Bergenstal, R. M. et al. Glucose management indicator (GMI): a new term for estimating A1C from continuous glucose monitoring. Diabetes Care 41 , 2275–2280 (2018).

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Acknowledgements

K.R.K. acknowledges the support of the University of North Carolina Department of Medicine Physician Scientist Training Program. J.B.B. acknowledges the support of grants from the National Institutes of Health (UL1TR002489, P30DK124723). The reviewers were extremely helpful in suggesting numerous important revisions.

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Klein, K.R., Buse, J.B. The trials and tribulations of determining HbA 1c targets for diabetes mellitus. Nat Rev Endocrinol 16 , 717–730 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-020-00425-6

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They can  be used to track general homework assignments, reports, quizzes, exams, and more. They are also perfect for tracking the grades received on assignments to make sure you are on track for the grade you want in a specific class. 

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Free Daily Schedule Templates

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Use daily work schedule schedule templates to help get organized and manage your time. Use these templates to plan your day, make a to-do list, or make sure the kid’s homework is getting done. 

Included on this page, you’ll find a daily work schedule template , a blank daily planner template , a daily to-do list template , a daily task list template , and many more.

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Daily Schedule Template

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This simple, blank schedule template allows you to plan each day to the half-hour as well as plan ahead for the week. Set the starting time and then organize your daily schedule with whatever activities you choose to include. This daily schedule template is appropriate for work, school, family activities or personal goals.

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This printable template has sections for appointments, important events, notes, and prioritized tasks to help you stay organized throughout a busy day — but don’t forget to schedule free time to make sure you get a break. Create your own planner and customize it to match your needs.

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This daily to-do list template lets you assign a priority to each task. It also allows you to track progress for ongoing projects and assign due dates. The template is simple to use, straightforward, and offers flexibility. This is a to-do list with enough functionality to actually keep you organized, while still being easy to use.

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With sections for prioritized tasks, appointments, important events, and notes, this daily planner template can help you stay organized throughout a busy day. Plus, if you schedule free time for yourself, you will be sure to actually get a break during your day. This free, printable template allows you to create your own planner and customize it to match your needs.

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Plan your daily and weekly tasks with this free Excel template. Create a list of pending tasks and mark off those that have been completed. A visual calendar facilitates planning at a glance, and you can easily print the template for reference.

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Create a detailed schedule for your employees while tracking work hours and labor costs. This employee schedule template shows each day of the week, so you can see an employee’s daily shifts while also reviewing the weekly schedule. Include vacation time and holidays for a comprehensive schedule. Both employees and business owners can benefit from this template.

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If your business involves daily employee rotation between different workstations, this shift schedule template can help keep everyone organized. Enter the tasks or work area to be assigned and then match the associated code with an employee. Each day is broken down hourly to make it clear when work assignments change mid-day. The template also tracks the number of hours worked for each employee and allows you to plan shifts for an entire week.

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This free template is suitable for retail, restaurants, and other businesses that need to keep track of daily sales. This sales report template allows you to track inventory, view the total daily sales, and look up individual items that were sold. With this data on hand you can identify trends and monitor daily sales goals. 

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Plan your daily meetings with this simple template, which includes room to list members in attendance, outline a meeting agenda, take meeting notes, and track ongoing action items. This agenda template is a simple yet powerful tool for meeting planning and facilitation as well as communicating with attendees.

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This daily inspection report template is intended for construction contractors. The template offers a straightforward layout and includes numerous important details, including weather conditions, the number and type of workers on site, delays, safety concerns, material shortages, and more. If you need to inspect additional factors, you can edit the template to meet your needs. There is also space for daily progress notes and a signature to verify the inspection.

Daily Hourly Schedule Template

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Print or fill out this daily schedule, which is broken down into hourly blocks. Use it to manage your day and mark when each task is complete. Create one for each day of the week, or just for those extra-busy days.

Daily Checklist Template

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Stay on top of your daily and weekly tasks with this checklist template. This template provides easy organization, and allows you to mark off items from the list as you complete the. Planning your to-dos for the week can help ensure you don’t take on too many tasks in one day, and that you keep your agenda manageable.

Class Schedule Template

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Students can keep track of their class schedule and other school activities with this free template. Once you add time to study or work on projects, the class schedule also works as a time management tool. If you’re a new college student, you’ll feel less overwhelmed knowing exactly when and where your classes occur on each day of the week.

Homework Schedule Template

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Organize your homework assignments and study time for each class with this homework schedule template. Enter the start date, add your class names, and assign blocks of time for each homework-related activity. You can manage your daily homework while planning for the week and keeping track of deadlines.

Daily School Schedule Template

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Track your day-to-day class schedule, whether you are going to class or learning at home. The template includes sections to list to-dos, what to bring to class, and homework assignments, so you can keep organized and prepared.

House Cleaning Schedule Template

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Use this template to create a schedule to manage your housecleaning. Once you’ve assigned cleaning tasks for each day, print out and hang the schedule for reference. Some tasks may happen daily while others only need to be done once a month. This template can help you stay on schedule with housecleaning without trying to do too much in a single day.

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Once you’ve chosen the template that best suits your needs, you can adjust the design by changing colors and fonts or adding a logo, alter the format by removing unwanted sections or adding new ones, and save a blank copy for future use. If you’re creating an employee schedule, sales report, or other detailed report, you’ll need any relevant data on hand to fill in the template. You can also choose a simple checklist or calendar template to print and fill out by hand. 

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Daily Assignment Checklist

No matter the size of your classroom, easily keep track of students’ daily assignments in a professional spreadsheet with Jotform’s free Daily Assignment Checklist! To get started, fill out the attached form with student and assignment information — then update the spreadsheet as you go, monitoring completion dates, assignment descriptions, and even including file uploads of finished assignments straight to your spreadsheet.

With Jotform’s easy-to-use interface, you can quickly add new rows and columns, include extra tabs to separate information for different classrooms, or update label names and colors for a personalized touch. You can even download your checklist as a PDF, CSV, or Excel file in a single click, or automatically sync your spreadsheet with other accounts like Google Drive, Dropbox, and more. Better manage student assignments and due dates online with a free Daily Assignment Checklist — and enjoy more time to focus on teaching your students.

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Task Checklist Template

Keep track of your tasks with this free task checklist template. Easy to customize and share. Works great on any device. No coding required.

Bill Pay Checklist

Keep track of bill payments with this free online checklist template. Easy to customize, download, and print. Works on all devices. No coding required.

Daily Checklist Template

Keep track of your daily tasks with a free online Daily Checklist Template. Easy to customize and update on any device. View in spreadsheet or calendar format.

Rental Inspection Checklist

Perform rental inspections fast with a free Rental Inspection Checklist. Fill out on any device. Easy to customize. Securely track rental information online.

Supermarket Price Tracker Template

Track supermarket product prices across multiple stores with this free spreadsheet table. Easy to customize and share. Download on any device. No coding.

New Hire Checklist Template

Streamline onboarding with this free New Hire Checklist Template. Perfect for HR. Easy to edit, view, share, and print. Works great on any device. No coding.

Project Closeout Checklist

Organize your project details online. Customize the design, download as a CSV or PDF, and share instantly. Switch between spreadsheet, card, and calendar view.

Weekly Checklist

Track your weekly tasks in a free online table. Easy to customize and update from any device. View as a spreadsheet or calendar. Connect with 100+ apps.

Party Planning Sheet

Free checklist template for party planners. Add to-do items via table or form. Easy to customize, download, and share. Works on any device. No coding.

Pet Grooming Salon Inspection Checklist

Keep pets and salon staff safe. Streamline the inspection process for your pet salon. Manage info in an easy-to-use online database. Mobile-friendly. No coding.

Move In Checklist

Keep track of inspection details in an online checklist. Easy to customize, share, and download. Perfect for landlords or rental agencies. No coding required.

Back to School Supplies Checklist

Check off school supply purchases for the new school year. Perfect for teachers and parents. Easy to customize, download, share, and print. No coding.

Preschool Skills Checklist

Ensure students joining your preschool are ready to join with this Preschool Skills Checklist. Easy to customize, download, and fill out on any device.

Camping Checklist

Make sure you have all the camping supplies you need with a free online Camping Checklist. Easy to customize and update on any device. Great for camp counselors!

Retirement Checklist

Get ready for retirement with this free online checklist! Perfect for employers. View as a spreadsheet, calendar, or cards. Works on any device. No coding.

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HBA Rising Stars are professionals in various sectors of the healthcare industry, including pharmaceutical, biotechnology, advertising, public relations, medical education and market research, among other fields. Nominated by HBA's Corporate Partners , the Rising Stars represent various career stages and disciplines, and have demonstrated noteworthy achievements and proven attention to furthering their careers.

Rekha Abichandani, MD, global development team leader Shire Pharmaceuticals As a nephrologist with more than 15 years of clinical experience in rare diseases and oncology, Rekha is responsible for the leadership and matrix management of all aspects of multiple development programs. She has made a significant impact to Gaucher’s disease and Metachromatic Eukodystrophy (MLD) by advancing the development of treatment. Rekha has demonstrated a dedication to patients and healthcare through her leadership and mentoring. She is, without doubt, a Rising Star in the healthcare industry.

Cynthia Accuosti-Jones, field director, managed markets J&J HCS USA As field director, managed markets, Cynthia leads the overall team for the hepatitis C and oncology franchises. She has led our organization in the launches of Olysio, Stelara self-administration indication and the Stelara PSA indication with flawless execution. Cynthia’s strategic thinking, big-picture orientation and attention to detail are hallmarks of her leadership. She consistently demonstrates strong account performance, people development and marketplace leadership. Cynthia is an active leader in our WLI.

Elaine Andrecovich, vice president  Makovsky Elaine is a driving force and “the rock that started the ripple.” Her belief is that one positive force can influence many. At the core, is Elaine’s ability to lead by example and passion for mentoring. In the past year, Elaine helped orchestrate a client’s presence at the inaugural Cannes Lions Health, led an award-winning media effort for a national suicide prevention campaign, navigated a successful FDA approval and launched an internal agency peer mentorship program. 

Ana Ayres, general manager, orthopaedics and global surgery Portugal   J&J Medical Iberia Ana is widely recognized throughout Johnson & Johnson, Medical Devices Europe, as a Rising Star with a strong track record of delivering business and people commitments in complex environments. Recently, she was promoted to lead the both the global orthopaedics and global surgery businesses as general manager for Portugal. Ana quickly established a new level of collaboration, inclusion and customer focus within the organization. Ana is an ASCEND graduate and WLI lead for Spain/Portugal.

Teri Ann Bajek, vice president digital services  Health & Wellness Partners LLC HWP attributes our digital media success to Teri Ann. She is a true visionary who has grown the digital capability of HWP through the creation of relationships, connections and interactions. She is a strategic leader, who figures out who connects to whom, when and why and to what result. Teri Ann creates a chain reaction, which is critical to digital medical communication. She has strong leadership skills and leads a team of talented people.

Cindy Baksh, vice president, client services PSKW  Cindy has been a leader in pharma for more than five years. She developed educational strategies for large pharma manufacturers while working for Elsevier. These included national training meetings, public relations initiatives and direct-to-consumer events. In 2011, arriving at PSKW, she used her strategic insights to develop and execute loyalty programs. Her keen insight to delivering on client vision has been leveraged to develop outstanding solutions for PSKW clients in a new innovation, a healthcare payment solutions platform.

Courtney Breece, director product support  Inovalon Courtney is a key contributor in a number of critical areas, including directing the big data project and presenting to the business and technology leadership team via its Expert Series. Courtney exemplifies leadership by driving strategic and innovative ideas throughout the company and continuously serving as a role model. Committed to building and managing high-performing teams, she actively coaches and advances her associates by broadening their areas of responsibility and strengthening their contributions to the business. 

Sara Briggs, director, human resources Stryker Corporation Sara embodies Stryker’s core values of integrity, accountability, people and performance. Her demonstrated ability to build productive teams and drive results, paired with her keen intuition, help keep the various teams she leads and works on motivated and inspired. Sara is an adored and respected leader because she is fair and sensible, while also not one bit afraid to make tough decisions that help push our business forward.

Ambre Brown Morley, director, product communications, diabetes  Novo Nordisk Ambre is credited with creating PR campaigns that have been honored with many industry awards. One example is the successful campaign featuring T1D racecar driver Charlie Kimball, which is credited with the industry’s first pharmaceutical-branded Twitter page (@racewithinsulin). Additionally, Ambre exemplifies our organization’s triple bottom line by serving as a mentor to students at Trenton High School and as a member of both the Public Relations Society and the HBA.

Dottie Caplan, associate vice president, launch readiness and life cycle management, corporate affairs Sanofi US Dottie is an inclusive leader who consistently demonstrates a passion for developing others and pushes herself to stretch for more. She has a thirst for knowledge and an inquisitiveness that feed her ability to provide sharp insights and exceptionally high-quality work, and she is a role model for others. We are proud to recognize Dottie as our 2015 Rising Star.

Erin Cowhig, senior director, human resources Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc. Erin is an intelligent, professional and dedicated human resources leader. Since joining the company as a human resources business partner in 2012, she has worked with urgency to grow, develop and promote top talent in the organization, while acting as a strategic advisor to some of the company’s senior leaders. She embodies the core values of Vertex, and her results-oriented attitude has led her to facilitate multiple projects and initiatives that have streamlined efficiencies and helped the company grow.

Terri Crudup, vice president, custom research  AlphaImpactRx Inc. Terri always makes an extra effort to ensure client satisfaction, and she is dedicated to improving the office culture and experience to increase employee satisfaction. She is very approachable and definitely motivates her team to present very insightful and creative deliverables. Teri always ensures team members are prepared and have enough information to complete the tasks at hand. She is a natural leader and has earned the respect of management, peers, staff and clients.

Michelle Cuccia, vice president, global generics growth markets, specialty and BGx marketing and branding Teva Pharmaceuticals Michelle demonstrates a full commitment to delivering market results to strategies aligning Teva’s specialty and branded generics commercially across Latin America. Michelle has shown leadership in creating a high-performance team, which has added to the success of mature organizations and created the context for high-growth countries. She was the driver behind the Latin American region’s commercial plans, and now for all global growth markets. Michelle is a champion for inclusion, serving as executive sponsor of Latino Heritage Employee Network.

Danielle DeForge, director, corporate communications inVentiv Health Astute, strategic and empathetic is how colleagues would describe Danielle. From C-suite executives to the talented people working and blossoming under her leadership, inVentiv Health employees know they can count on Danielle for wise counsel and flawless execution. In 2014, she created a new, award-winning intranet for 13,000 employees—in just four months. Danielle’s talent for communications and handling crises or maximizing opportunities makes her an accomplished and steadfast Rising Star.

Kara Dennis, managing director, mHealth   Medidata Solutions A true Rising Star, Kara leads Medidata’s pioneering efforts to enable mHealth-powered clinical trials and patient-centric research. Collaborating closely with Medidata’s CEO and president, Kara is spearheading initiatives to unify mobile tools and wearable devices with cloud-based technologies in a clinical trial setting. Her work is helping Medidata customers transform their research programs by collecting large volumes of objective, high-quality data that provide continuous, actionable insight into patient well-being and disease progression.

Donna Deverick, vice president, account director  Discovery USA Donna always wants to see the very best happen for her clients and staff. She works diligently to ensure that those that she works for and with know they are valued by every interaction they have with her. She is respected as a leader by both clients and employees. Throughout her career, she has pushed herself and others to deliver on a great customer experience in healthcare communications. It is an honor to have Donna as our Rising Star.

Julie Russell Dilts, senior counsel Roche Diagnostics Corporation Julie has been engaged with our Women's Leadership Initiative (WLI) from its inception, leading the establishment of our first women’s mentoring program. As a passionate advocate for career development and advancement of women, she has demonstrated strong leadership and delivered impressive numbers. During Julie’s tenure as the WLI Campus Lead, 25% of members reported career advancement, mentorship participation doubled, more than half of field-based employees and 1,400 customers were engaged with WLI content.

Stephanie Dreyer, senior brand manager, marketing, Bayer Consumer Care  Bayer HealthCare LLC Steph delivers strong business results against increasingly challenging assignments. Her success is defined as much by her leadership skills as business results. Words like authentic, driven, caring, savvy and smart describe Steph’s contributions. Her natural and authentic leadership approach extends beyond organized activities and comes through in the way she trains and mentors people on her team. Steph’s willingness to be accessible has also helped to create a sustainable culture for the organization.

Linda Drumright, general manager, clinical trial and optimization services  IMS Health Linda demonstrates exceptional leadership capabilities in that she leads from the front, initiates the right disciplines & management cadence within her team to ensure success and maintains team development as an ongoing priority. Linda is a creative thinker and yet practical in outlook, with the ability to understand strategic direction and how work fits into it. She is a true asset to our organization and a role model for all our leaders.

Michele Ehler, head of talent development North America UCB Inc. Michele is focused, proactive and passionate–qualities that make her an effective leader on our talent development team. She has been integral in aligning our talent development programming to our business imperatives and has been a driver for program adoption across the organization. Michele has developed collaborations with our regional affiliates, global headquarters and external partners to expand the program. Her drive, commitment and accomplishments are why Michele is UCB’s 2015 HBA Rising Star.

Linda Enns, PhD, copy supervisor  McCann Regan Campbell Ward In her brief time in advertising, Dr. Enns’ star has risen rapidly indeed. Her ability to glean insight from esoteric scientific points has earned her the respect of clients and colleagues. However, she is much more than a scientist. She is also a gifted creative writer, conceptual thinker and an accomplished piano player, singer and songwriter. The truth is, one never knows where Linda’s star will shine; just that it will be brilliant.

Lynn Forrest, vice president Campbell Alliance, an inVentiv Health Company Lynn is a driven, strategic advisor, who takes on her clients’ most challenging and complex assignments by leveraging her impressive breadth of expertise in new product strategy, commercial excellence and market access. She has developed new solutions to the industry’s most pressing challenges, and her clients are fiercely loyal, recognizing her ability to lead through adversity, challenge established norms, embrace complexity and practically innovate. Finally, Lynn is a wonderful coach and mentor for her team.

Audris Francis, director, talent acquisition  PDI Inc. PDI prides itself on its ability to swiftly identify and attract top talent. The key driver creating this industry-leading reputation is Audris. A true talent in her own rite, Audris understands what great looks like and accepts nothing less. She is a passionate and committed leader who has built a diverse team of best-in-class recruiters who thoroughly understand the business. Her dedication, responsiveness and personal accountability genuinely set her apart. Congratulations Audris.

Liz Frank, team lead Biosector 2, an InVentiv Health Company Liz has distinguished herself as a Rising Star at Biosector 2 because of her commitment to innovation. Liz’s ability to create novel solutions to even the most complex challenges has allowed her to become a trusted advisor to clients. She has also created significant positive change and innovation for the agency and our employees by challenging them to use knowledge in new and expanded ways

Ashley Gaines, head of sales and marketing, infectious disease   AstraZeneca As head of sales and marketing for the infectious disease franchise, Ashley demonstrates leadership by setting a clear strategic direction for her team members and ensuring they have the messaging, tools and resources necessary to succeed at the highest performance levels. She is a passionate, dedicated and an innovative problem-solver who works seamlessly with her peers across the business. Ashley is a role model and embodies the AZ values of putting patients first and playing to win. 

Anita Gandhi, PhD, senior principal scientist, translational medicine  Celgene Corporation In her nearly 13 years with Celgene, Anita has established herself as an internationally recognized expert in mechanism of action of the IMiDs and the next generation of Cereblon Modulators (CELMods). Anita is an effective and inspiring manager and mentor and advocates for others’ in their career development. As a top talent within her department, as well as in the broader organization, Anita is known and respected as one of the most valuable scientific leaders.

Alexa Garrett, associate director, Sandoz US Distribution and Logistics Sandoz Alexa exemplifies expertise in the fields of distribution and logistics. She consistently extends beyond her areas of responsibility to support the goals of the Sandoz business. Alexa has successfully tackled challenging projects, including the expansion of a 400,000 square-foot distribution center, the optimization of a countrywide distribution network and the implementation of a complex FDA requirement for lot level traceability. She is a champion for change and motivates her team with incredible enthusiasm.

Melanie Goldey, senior vice president, strategic planning and investor relations Everyday Health Melanie is responsible for investor relations and strategic planning activities at Everyday Health, which includes strategic and financial planning and analysis, corporate development and board and investor communications. A results-driven leader who was an integral part of the team that successfully executed Everyday Health’s IPO last year, Melanie is a Rising Star because of her leadership and mentoring, strategic thinking, terrific work ethic and passion for helping others achieve their goals.

Teresa Graham, lifecycle leader, global product strategy Genentech Teresa exemplifies Genentech’s values and leadership commitments to her team, her peers and our entire organization. She has held leadership positions in functions, including marketing, sales, managed care and global product strategy. She recently led an initiative focused on improving managerial effectiveness. Teresa demonstrates dedication to women in healthcare through mentorship to colleagues across the industry and holds leadership positions within the HBA San Francisco Bay Area chapter, as well as Genentech Women Professionals.

Sarah Grimwood, research fellow Pfizer Inc Sarah has made major contributions to Pfizer’s neuroscience drug pipeline. She is recognized both internally and externally as an expert in neuroscience and neuropharmacology. She is a passionate and effective leader of multi-disciplinary teams. Within Pfizer, Sarah is renowned for her work in the areas of receptor occupancy, translational pharmacology and biomarkers. Sarah’s external impact has been built through more than 50 peer-reviewed publications, many scientific presentations and service on international panels and consortia.

Courtney Hartstein, US flu brand manager GlaxoSmithKline Courtney is a leader and strong contributor to GSK’s bottom line and to our society. She sets herself apart by balancing business priorities while simultaneously giving back. She mentors numerous individuals across GSK. Courtney founded the Philadelphia chapter of Science in Schools to motivate, engage and inspire school-age children to embrace STEM education. She is the social media chair for the HBA Greater Philadelphia chapter. Courtney drives outstanding business results; however, her spirit makes her a Rising Star.

Kathleen Hennigan-Shannon, vice president, account group supervisor McCann Torre Lazur Kathleen’s work ethic revolves around dedication, passion and leadership. She can juggle portfolio workshops, OPDP submissions and impossible timelines without letting anything drop. Her hands-on mentoring, strategic foresight (she always has a plan B, C and D) and in-depth category knowledge set up her team and clients to be stars of their own. Kathleen’s boundless commitment and infectious laughter inspire us to reach new heights while having fun along the way.

Alissa Hicks, director, field medical affairs Shionogi Inc. Alissa was initially hired as a medical science liaison (MSL) covering our south region. Her noteworthy passion, performance and commitment resulted in her being promoted to the team leader role. Since becoming the team leader, she has mentored her new team members, taken on the challenge of implementing the MSL on-demand services and assisted her colleagues in organizing and designing the latest medical affairs initiative of Medical Symposia. Alissa is our 2015 HBA Rising Star.      

Erin Hlivia, vice president/client operations Calcium Calcium is extremely proud to nominate Erin Hlivia as our Rising Star. Erin embodies what Calcium is all about; she’s talented, smart and driven—packaged in style and grace. All her customers are thrilled she is on their business and her agency colleagues are happy she is on their team. Her can-do attitude makes Erin a Rising Star that has been burning bright since she’s been here. We look forward to her continual shining success.

Susan Hynes, head of global quality pharmaceutical manufacturing  Bristol-Myers Squibb Susan’s impact, vision, people leadership and outcomes-approach were extraordinary as our only female general manager when she was responsible for two Ireland plants. Today, Susan is head of global quality manufacturing for all the internal pharmaceutical sites in the BMS network. She continues to shift culture and cooperation with her honest and transparent dialogue and active mentoring, which is yielding unparalleled employee engagement levels and exceptional operational results. We are very proud that Susan is our 2015 Rising Star.

Katie Isaacs, senior vice president, group account director The CementBloc Purpose, inspiration and collaboration best describe Katie as a key leader at The CementBloc. Katie consistently demonstrates her commitment to her team, the agency and her businesses by driving success behind the brands she works with and fostering a winning team. Under Katie’s leadership, her team members strive to do their best and deliver exceptional work for our clients. 

Michelle LaFond, director, bioreactor scale-up and development Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. Michelle leads the biologics scale up department at Regeneron. Michelle, a chemical engineer, joined the team 16 years ago bringing with her the skillset necessary to help Regeneron build its leading antibody production capabilities. Michelle’s patient-driven focus and unparalleled work ethic make her an asset to Regeneron. She is an accomplished expert in her field, as well as a respected colleague. This distinction is well-deserved and we look forward to her future.

Jill Lesiak, vice president creative director    Ogilvy CommonHealth Worldwide   With more than a decade of experience in healthcare communications, Jill is an accomplished professional with spirit and drive. Writing is her passion. She simply has a knack with words—words that cut to the core of brand personality; telegraph compelling messages; execute targeted, on-strategy communications; and—time and again—drive market expansion. Jill’s colleagues and clients have come to appreciate her keenly strategic mind that never relinquishes a deep appreciation for the human condition.

VA Lopes, management supervisor Giant Creative Strategy V.A. typifies the qualities of a Rising Star. Her ability to make an impact is felt within the agency where she works, and also across the clients she works with. V.A. is a respected leader with the right mix of scientific, strategic and marketing prowess and her passion and spirit for the work she touches is palpable. Her contributions throughout her career and specifically with Giant Creative Strategy have led to continuing growth and success.

Lori Mercurio, director, strategic projects Mallinckrodt Pharmaceuticals Lori is an effective leader of strategic initiatives who exemplifies the cultural hallmarks of Mallinckrodt: engaged, competitive, collaborative, high-performing and trustworthy. She skillfully leads multidisciplinary teams and manages change to deliver transformative outcomes with broad business impact. Lori’s professionalism, commitment to tackling new challenges and ability to push through with perseverance and grace make her a true Rising Star.

Melissa Mims, director, medical affairs Merck In a 19-year career contributing to clinical science, market research and business development for Merck, Melissa has developed the ability to effectively manage cross-functional, cross-country teams in executing highly complex project with mission-critical objectives. Melissa has also been a strong leader in Merck’s Women’s Employee Business Resource Group, providing counsel, insights and energized passion for the advancement of women within Merck.

Kyoko Miyahara, senior director Pfizer Inc Kyoko heads marketing for Pfizer’s global innovative pharma business in Japan. In five years, she has enhanced marketing effectiveness while also improving health. Kyoko has helped establish nerve pain as a legitimate health condition, partnered to advance smoking cessation, established a new class of medicines to prevent stroke in certain patients and helped give women’s health a voice. Building on her McKinsey and GE Consumer Finance experience, Miyahara-san is recognized as a leading businesswoman.

Laura Morrison, senior strategic planner McCann Echo Smart, perceptive and creative, Laura is one of those rare individuals who can read a room as well as she can read a marketing plan or clinical study. She is a true hybrid—beginning her career as a talented copywriter and now she is one of our most sought-after strategic planners. She has always been invaluable to our team and clients alike. Laura embodies our culture and is a true role model to all.

Lisa Nibauer, senior director Becton Dickinson & Co Lisa is responsible for the $700MM global blood collection business at BD. Since joining BD, Lisa has pioneered a customer-centric approach to position her products worldwide to better meet customer needs, and has designed a new innovation process that starts with quantifying those needs. She has created a strategy to reinvigorate her business and drive growth beyond what has been achieved in the past six years and teaches new approaches to BD marketers worldwide

Jen O’Dwyer, senior vice president, client service director CDM New York CDM New York is thrilled to recognize Jen as our 2015 HBA Rising Star. Jen is an exceptional client service director who builds strong partnerships with her clients, agency partners and CDM teams by role modeling our core values of substance, style, conviction and grace. Jen is also an extraordinary talent magnet who inspires people to achieve more than they thought possible.

Jennifer Ogden, director, global accounts West Pharmaceutical Services Inc. Jennifer is responsible for developing and leading the execution of account strategies with West's global biotech customers. She is a role model within the West sales organization and embodies the spirit of the HBA Rising Star. Admired by her peers across the organization, Jenn leads by listening and working to understand the opportunities and issues in front of her, communicating the benefit of taking action and mobilizing her colleagues to ensure positive business results. 

Nawal Ouzren, vice president hemophilia franchise  Baxter Healthcare Nawal is an authentic and courageous leader who has quickly advanced into the global hemophilia franchise lead role. Nawal’s passion is to improve patient’s lives. She is an inspirational leader who actively coaches and mentors other women, and was the BioScience senior sponsor for inclusion and diversity initiatives. She led and built high-performing teams through her collaboration and candor. Nawal’s combination of compassion and strategic agility makes her a Rising Star at Baxter. 

Soomin Park, senior director, global statistical sciences  Eli Lilly and Company Soomin leads the statistics and advanced analytics group, which supports all phases of development, including commercialization support across the globe for diabetes. Her career has spanned from supporting early phase development for multiple therapeutic areas to leading statistical analysis and operations. Soomin was named the Lilly Research Laboratories Asian Diversity Champion and Advisor, serves the Indiana chapter for Korean American Scientists and Engineers Association as vice president and is actively sought out as a mentor.

Anu Patel, vice president, group account supervisor LLNS Anu inspires all of us at LLNS with her ease, grace and dedication to excellence in everything that she does. She also has a superpower because she can somehow anticipate what her clients need before they even know that they need it—we say she can “see around corners.” And most importantly, Anu raises her hand and takes responsibility for things that others cannot imagine being responsible for; she is a true leader.

Arleen Paulino, executive director clinical operations Amgen Inc. Arleen is an innovative change agent for progressive manufacturing technologies at Amgen. She brings science and engineering expertise to her portfolio of work and has driven significant improvements in productivity as a result. She not only adds value to Amgen and the patients we serve, but also contributes to the community by participating in various committees for science. Arleen is an inspiring leader and role model of continuous improvement and safety.

Maggie Pax, director, integration planning Thermo Fisher Scientific Maggie leads integration planning at Thermo Fisher, helping to successfully integrate acquired companies. She has broad industry experience, ranging from general management to marketing and business development. Maggie has been an ardent supporter of diversity and inclusion for our women’s employee resource group, leading our partnership with the HBA and planning co-sponsored career development events to support employee growth and development. She is a true role model and leader at Thermo Fisher.

Karen Peterson, Abbott divisional vice president and controller, Abbott Diagnostics  Abbott Karen is the divisional vice president, controller, for Abbott’s diagnostics division—a $4.5 billion division. Karen exemplifies what is best in a leader–she is strategic, innovative, builds and develops talent and delivers results. With Abbott since 1992, Karen has held leadership roles in many of Abbott’s businesses, where she has built extensive experience in financial management, business analytics, planning and controllership functions. Karen holds a bachelor’s degree in accounting and is a certified public accountant.

Cintia Piccina, executive director immunology Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation Cintia is a unique leader with a truly extraordinary passion for patients, customers and associates. This passion inspires associates, peers and leaders to think differently and make the impossible possible. Her authenticity and passion from the heart also generate a highly collaborative and exceptionally engaged team, which drove extraordinary business results of 140% of goal. Her passion and integrity are also apparent to customers as she develops key partnership to drive extraordinary care for patients.

Kristen Pilkiewicz, vice president, associate creative director, copy  H4B Catapult Kristen has upward of 12 years experience in the pharmaceutical advertising and healthcare communications area, as a copywriter and content developer. She has exceled in a plethora of therapeutic areas, including oncology, vaccines, women’s health, cardiovascular, endocrinology, neurology, hormone replacement therapy, predictive/preventative medicine and medical devices. She participated in the inaugural Catapult College graduate program and is a charter member of the Catapult Culture Committee. She is the quintessential Rising Star.

Janet Piscitelli, MD, medical director, east region Quest Diagnostics Janet is a physician leader who integrates knowledge and compassion into the daily laboratory operations of Quest Diagnostics’ largest region, touching more than 100,000 patient lives every night. With a collaborative leadership style, she is a critical member of the regional leadership team. Dedicated to improving the broader industry, Dr. Piscitelli is also a Fellow of the College of American Pathologists (CAP), actively serving on several of its national resource committees.

Michelle Rapp, associate partner, account management  Razorfish Health Michelle is a mixture of energy and experience focused on providing the best solutions to meet her clients’ needs. She brings her deep science background and former client marketing experience as a client service leader for the AZ team. She is an early adopter of innovation and is skilled at creating collaboration with her internal team and across client stakeholders; bringing sales, brand and technology management teams together seamlessly.

Pritam Raut, director Cognizant Technology Solutions Pritam has been instrumental in building strong client relationships as a part of Cognizant’s life science practice. Her customers consider her a trusted partner and she embodies qualities of a true leader–strong leadership skills, collaboration, teamwork, problem solving and analytical skills. She is dedicated and carries a very positive attitude that motivates and drives her teams to perform their best in challenging situations.

Dalia Rayes, senior director, ASPIRE business unit Actelion Pharmaceuticals Dalia is a proven leader at Actelion. She has taken many different roles and stretch assignments, with a strong record of success. Most recently, Dalia created a top-notch specialty business team that has become an essential part of our organization. She is an enthusiastic and passionate leader who ensures we are serving our patients, while also delivering on our strategic objectives. Actelion is proud to recognize Dalia as our 2015 HBA Rising Star.

Anne Marie Robertson, executive director, marketing Helsinn Therapeutics (US), Inc. Anne Marie quickly established herself as a leader within the commercial organization at Helsinn. She contributes to the success of Helsinn by providing leadership to all commercial/development products and all marketing initiatives. With her keen business acumen, innovative approach and collaborative communication abilities, she continues to contribute to Helsinn’s success. Anne Marie continues to build out her team; she is focused on mentoring others and working toward helping Helsinn develop its commercial organization.   

Megan Robinson, senior vice president, creative director brand development Sudler & Hennessey An award-winning creative talent, Megan inspires and directs her team to consistently deliver outstanding work. An insightful strategist and charismatic new business leader, Megan helped develop our pitch process and training program. There is a pattern here; Megan uses her powers for good. She takes her own exceptional abilities and translates them into inspiration, training and encouragement for the entire Sudler team. Megan is a Rising Star who helps others shine, as well. Congratulations, Megan.

Sandy Rodriguez, senior director, corporate communications Takeda Pharmaceuticals USA Inc. Sandy joined Takeda in 2005, and held various roles of increasing responsibility until she assumed leadership of the TPUSA communications function in 2011. Sandy is responsible for shaping all internal and external communications related to significant company milestones. She is a creative problem solver with a keen ability to formulate high-level strategies while leading her team and engaging her peers with her vision, positive energy and an exceptional professionalism.

Valentina Roselli, senior manager, advisory services EY Valentina started her career at EY in 2005 coming from a boutique management consulting firm in Rome. She worked in different countries within our EMEIA region broadening her expertise in large transformation projects. In 2011, she joined the Swiss practice to focus more on the life sciences sector, contributing to helping companies navigate through transformation. Valentina’s leadership and commitment demonstrate her passion for building a better working world.

Emily Segalla, vice president, group copy supervisor Flashpoint Medica Emily is recognized for being the staffer who everyone turns to for great strategic thinking and creative ideas. She has a real knack for honing in on key insights and developing communications that drive the brand forward. No matter how complex the challenge, Emily brings passion and dedication to find the most creative solution. She has helped lead the team to remarkable achievements, including an agency review that scored the highest ever at the client.

Wendy Short-Bartie, product director, Zykadia Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation Passionate, innovative ad results-driven, Wendy has been a successful, committed and recognized leader at Novartis for 10 years. Demonstrating excellence in multiple roles, Wendy consistently seeks ways to drive business performance while keeping the patient at the forefront of all decisions. Simply put, Wendy is a balance of smart, drive and joie de vivre.  

Kiley Smith, senior manager, fraud investigative and dispute advisory services EY Kiley has distinguished herself over her career for the commitment, passion and excellence she brings to clients, teams and our global community. Clients rely on Kiley to lead the development and delivery of complicated solutions in an aggressive bribery and corruption enforcement environment. Teammates seek the opportunity to work with Kiley for the precise direction, independence and support she provides. Kiley has supported corporate social responsibility initiatives with this same enthusiasm throughout her career

Amy Stafford, zone vice president Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc. Amy is a Rising Star within Boehringer Ingelheim. She has quickly progressed through the company and was name West zone vice president of sales in November 2013. Amy serves as the sales organization lead for several teams, including the respiratory champion team, PM training and development, and the field force effectiveness pillar, which includes performance management and incentive compensation.  She is a mentor to several female leaders within the company and exemplifies leadership excellence.

Kristin Stephens, vice president, clinical operations Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co Kristin’s contributions as a Takeda leader are evident in the successful execution of major clinical programs under her leadership. She consistently demonstrates her ability to work cross-functionally and collaboratively while exemplifying outstanding leadership behavior. Kristin’s strategic approach continues to shape the global organization she leads. She is well-respected by her team and her peers, and maintains a positive, can-do attitude about everything she does.

Patricia Vera, director, financial operations Daiichi-Sankyo Inc. Tricia plays an integral role on the finance team and is viewed as a leader and role model by her colleagues. Tricia consistently goes above and beyond, including serving as the vice president of the women’s forum, involvement in the mentor program, designing activities to promote engagement within and outside of her team, and endlessly working to pursue excellence and support her colleagues to drive business results. Tricia truly exemplifies all qualities of a Rising Star

Laura Wallace, director, risk management and epidemiology Purdue Pharma LP Laura Wallace is confident, focused, organized, intelligent, well-liked and caring, an excellent communicator and quick thinker. She contributed substantially to our company’s new strategy. She publishes and presents on pain treatment in children and safe use of new medicines. She provides scientific and strategic insights on selecting new diseases for business development. Laura is an excellent mentor of women at formative stages of their career. Laura is a rising leader who radiates positivity.

Julie Weber, consultant Insigniam Julie is a remarkable businesswoman, creative thinker and change agent. With more than two decades of experience, Julie has developed market-leading products, implemented large-scale organizational change and led strategy development and implementation. Julie’s breadth of experiences in R&D, commercialization, project management, marketing and sales allow her to immediately contribute in a variety of situations. Julie leverages her adventurous nature and wit when working with clients to open up the world of possibility and achieve unprecedented results.

Jillian Welker, director of agency operations PALIO, an inVentiv Health Company Jillian is a highly energetic and motivated leader within our agency. Her ability to drive through volumes of work while respecting individual needs and garnering respect for herself is uncanny. Always calm under pressure, Jillian thrives on finding innovative, efficient solutions for all challenges. She is an excellent communicator and builds partnerships with clients and vendors. Jillian is vital to our ongoing success and has great potential for being a significant force in healthcare marketing.

Jennifer Wellman, co-founder and head of regulatory strategy Spark Therapeutics Inc. Jennifer is one of our most versatile leaders, having played across regulatory affairs, clinical operations and program management while supporting the drafting of the company’s prospectus.  Jennifer’s contributions to the success of Spark are endless, as are the hours she works, the dedication she exhibits and the respect she has earned.  Her strong scientific background in gene therapy and business instincts continue to make her an asset to the overall success of the organization. 

Pamela Yanakopulos, partner PwC Pamela is the life sciences industry leader in PwC’s Capital Market & Accounting Advisory business. Pamela oversees a national team that focuses on mergers and acquisitions, divestitures, initial public offerings and complex accounting advice in the pharmaceutical, biotech and medical device industries. She is a trusted advisor and energetic thought leader in the industry. Pamela is also dedicated to diversity and is the diversity leader for PwC’s Midwest deals business.

55 US Coast Guard cadets disciplined after cheating scandal for copying homework answers

Officials said the 55 second class cadets distributed answers for two separate homework assignments via electronic means and were disciplined..

Dozens of United States Coast Guard Academy cadets have been disciplined following a cheating scandal in which officials this week announced they copied each other's work on assignments, violating the academy's policy.

According to a press releas e from the military force of maritime professionals, 55 Second Class cadets distributed answers for two separate homework assignments via electronic means.

Details of each cadet’s respective involvement in the scheme were investigated and reviewed during a series of hearings at the academy, the release states, and each cadet was punished "on a case-by-case basis."

The academy is in New London, Connecticut, a coastal city west of the Rhode Island border.

The U.S. Coast Guard is one of the nation's six armed forces and, according to its website, the only military branch in the nation's Department of Homeland Security.

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What happened to the US Coast Guard cadets who cheated?

Consequences of their reported cheating include:

• Six cadets failed the course
• Forty eight cadets received lowered grades
• Eleven cadets were removed from their summer battalion command positions

All 55 cadets are required to undergo a 20-week honor remediation program, the release continues, and will be restricted to the academy.

Cadets involved in cheating scandal permitted to appeal discipline

The cadets can appeal their respective disciplinary actions.

“The U.S. Coast Guard Academy is committed to upholding the highest standards of integrity, honor, and accountability,” Capt. Edward Hernaez, Commandant of Cadets released in statement. “Misconduct like this undermines trust and those found to have violated our principles were held accountable for their actions.”

Natalie Neysa Alund is a senior reporter for USA TODAY. Reach her at [email protected] and follow her on X @nataliealund.