essay on advantages and disadvantages of advertisements

17 Biggest Advantages and Disadvantages of Advertising

Advertising is the profession or activity of producing consumer marketing messages for commercial products or services. Although there are times when companies can advertise for free, this tactic typically involves paying another agency for space to promote something specific. The goal of this investment is to reach as many people as possible who are likely to pay for the items suggested in the ads.

When businesses start advertising, then it is essential for each firm to find their ideal customer. It is cheaper to create ads that work with a specific population group instead of working with generalized data. Companies can look at gender, age, education, income, and a person’s geographic location to determine if there is a strong likelihood that someone will become a customer.

Advertising can occur in a variety of ways. Outlets include television, radio, newspapers, and magazines. Some companies use billboards, the sides of buildings, or product packaging. Internet options continue to expand.

That’s why the advantages and disadvantages of advertising require a careful review. It could be a way to expand the influence of a brand, but this investment could also be a waste of money if not approached correctly.

List of the Advantages of Advertising

1. Advertising is what sets companies apart from each other. Advertising is the fastest way for an organization to prove the expertise it offers in its industry. This marketing approach allows a company to look at the specific pain points its goods or services address so that customers can independently decide if there is value available to consider. The free-market system allows consumers to make choices based on their needs for innovation, so the advantage here is that improved communication occurs from the business to the consumer.

2. Companies can reach multiple markets and population groups simultaneously. Advertising is one of the most straightforward ways to contact multiple demographics simultaneously. This investment helps a company to discover who their primary consumers are in better ways, along with the demographics to which they belong. Marketing through paid and unpaid platforms contributes to data that enables prospect duplication.

Advertising also allows a company to reach out to multiple new markets to judge how influential their marketing messages can be in the future.

3. Businesses can concentrate their advertising on a single population group. Advertising enables a company to target one population group specifically. We see this benefit daily through direct mail efforts, email marketing blasts, and television commercials. When you can time these messages to correspond with times or circumstances where a consumer feels a pain point, then a successful conversion is more likely to happen. It forms a natural networking opportunity that helps prospects engage with a brand message because they can acknowledge the created value proposition.

4. Advertising creates economic benefits at every level. The advertising economy in the United States is responsible for almost 20 million jobs. It is available in every market at each level, from ultra-local to international campaigns. This industry provides opportunities for almost every skill, ranging from sales-based approaches to creative careers like graphic design or writing. When successful outreach efforts occur, then businesses increase revenues. That creates even more jobs that support other companies at every level.

This cycle repeats itself every time a new advertising campaign occurs. Although there are no guarantees for success, a company must make itself known to its community for customers to become aware of its goods or services. That means there’s always a place for it.

5. The advertising industry creates a global culture. Every global event that involves participation, goods, or services requires advertising content to increase exposure. The budget for the Olympic Games in each cycle is several billion dollars. Companies use sponsorships, naming rights, and other strategies to increase brand awareness in a variety of ways. It gives us an opportunity to work together to support the common good at every level.

Even a group of businesses that support a youth soccer league get to take advantage of this benefit. Although the benefits are more localized with that support, it’s still creating a global culture within that community.

6. It gives an opportunity to create niche expertise presentations. The prevalence of PDF downloads, ebooks, whitepapers, and similar written content is a form of advertising that businesses use to prove their expertise. Advertising is moving toward a place where the value to the consumer is the priority instead of what the customer can do for the business. This benefit works for B2B and B2C firms because it shows people what can be done for them instead of telling them what can happen.

That’s why this form of advertising is so effective. It builds loyalty by focusing on relationships instead of relying on logo recognition or a tagline to stay at the top of the mind of possible consumers.

7. Advertising helps a customer make positive choices. Each customer has a different preference for specific products or services based on the pain points they encounter in life. Some choices are going to be more appealing than others, which is why businesses promote what they offer proactively. If someone can compare value propositions in real-time situations to determine what options provide the best value, then that ability increases the likelihood of a transaction taking place.

Businesses can provide specific or broad data about their goods or services to each demographic in unique ways to encourage this advantage. It is a benefit that can lead to tremendous growth opportunities when handled appropriate.

8. It is a straightforward way to support moral or social issues. Companies can support the public good by producing advertising campaigns that can bring more awareness to specific societal issues. Homelessness, cyberbullying, and similar concerns receive exposure in ways that wouldn’t be available to consumers without this marketing effort. Even though there are production costs to consider with this advantage, the value that occurs through increased revenues and economic activities from helping others more than makes up for the initial investment.

List of the Disadvantages of Advertising

1. Everyone is advertising. The average person gets exposed to over 2,000 brand messages every day because of advertising. That makes this marketing effort less effective unless there is a way for a company to rise above all of that noise. This disadvantage is the reason why you see businesses like Geico take unique approaches to this investment, using a mix of humor and character development to create something memorable.

Most people spend less than five seconds to determine if an advertisement is worth their attention. If that content fails, then the remainder of the ad gets forgotten.

2. Advertising cannot produce guaranteed results. Businesses take a gamble when they pay for advertising. This marketing effort doesn’t come with a guarantee. The companies that purchased TV spots during the 2020 Super Bowl were paying over $5 million for a segment. That’s a massive investment in something that may not produce additional revenues.

Although there is value in brand recognition, that outcome only translates to investment when it creates an eventual conversion. Having someone know that Flo represents Progressive isn’t beneficial if that person always uses public transportation. That’s why most small businesses focused on targeted, localized ads as a way to create results.

3. The cost of advertising can be a disadvantage to small businesses. The cost of TV advertising at local television stations is at least $5 for every 1,000 viewers during a 30-second commercial. Then you have the cost of creative development when taking this marketing approach to consider. By the time the first spot hits the air, a company has likely spent at least $10,000 to create the materials and purchase the airtime.

National spots are much more expensive. Businesses that purchase a 30-second television ad on a national broadcast spent an average of $115,000 per slot in 2019.

4. Potential customers may be on multiple platforms. If brand recognition is the goal of an advertising effort, then a business may need to invest in multiple platforms to gain the levels of familiarity they require. You can advertise in printed publications, online blogs, television, radio, Internet ad services, and all of the other traditional methods. A company might find over 100 different ways to reach their customers. When an advertising budget is financially limited, then finding out where most people are consistently becomes a top priority.

5. Advertising requires interesting materials to be useful. The best advertising efforts create memorable experiences for targeted consumers. If you’re a science-fiction fan, then you probably remember all of the exposure Taco Bell paid for itself in the movie Demolition Man. If you’re a fan of older superhero movies, then you may remember the giant Coca-Cola billboard blowing up in Superman. If a business can’t create such an experience, then the entire message gets forgotten.

This disadvantage means that every business must continuously invest in innovative marketing approaches to stay relevant. It’s also the reason why you see brands trying to copy the success that others find in this arena.

6. The “Fake News” movement tarnishes the reputation of advertisers. Politics in the United States has become a fractured, cantankerous space where anyone who doesn’t agree becomes an enemy. If a business advertises through a traditional media outlet that promotes a political agenda or news stories that someone finds to be disagreeable, then that company’s brand becomes directly tied to that experience. Although the people who agree will be more likely to purchase goods or services, those who don’t will boycott the agency indefinitely.

7. Advertising increases the risk of a brand message getting tarnished. Advertising can be memorable for all of the wrong reasons sometimes, leaving viewers to wonder what a business was thinking when putting a spot together. Qiaobi often receives credit for putting together one of the most racist commercials in history by having a Chinese woman forcing a black man into her washing machine after he whistles at her. Once the washing cycle is finished, a winking Asian man emerges.

Miracle Mattress put together a local advertising spot that mocked the events of 9/11, including having two stacks of mattresses fall on workers. Burger King unleashed a regional spot for their Texican Whopper that had the tagline of “The taste of Texas with a little spicy Mexican” – and the add featured a tall American cowboy and a short Mexican wrestler.

8. Most people consider advertising to be a nuisance. Extravagant advertising may have a positive effect on the economy. Still, it tends to harm consumers when the same promotions happen repetitively. This disadvantage occurs in the United States every two years during the election cycles when political ads take over the television and radio. It can also happen when spots frequently occur within the same broadcast or publication.

Hundreds of millions of dollars in advertising may get spent on a single election, exposing populations to competing messages that get monotonous and bothersome when they air several times per hour.

9. The targeted consumers may not see the marketing message from an advertising effort. New technologies make it easier than ever before for consumers to proactively opt-out of viewing advertisements. Popup blockers for Internet browsers can eliminate almost every ad that might display when users are online. Families can fast-forward through ads on broadcast networks when they record shows to watch. Some providers even offer tech that eliminates this marketing effort automatically.

Even if someone is watching live TV, an advertisement break creates an opportunity to walk away from the television. Companies can pay millions without ever knowing if their intended audience is available to watch what they’ve put together.

Advertising messages are an effort to persuade people to purchase specific goods or services. This outcome is also the goal of B2B transactions. A person must become convinced that one item is better over another. That’s why each ad offers a headline, subheading, body copy, image, and a call-to-action. It’s like a 30-second speech that shows how much value something has to a potential client.

Advertising isn’t the only way to get a message seen or heard. It can be more expensive to utilize than other marketing opportunities. That’s why it tends to be more popular with large corporations than sole proprietors and other small businesses.

The advantages and disadvantages of advertising balance cost with the opportunity to increase revenues and consumer awareness. Although there are no guarantees for success, this marketing option can produce immediate and memorable results.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Advertisement

Looking for advantages and disadvantages of Advertisement?

We have collected some solid points that will help you understand the pros and cons of Advertisement in detail.

But first, let’s understand the topic:

What is Advertisement?

Advertisement refers to the process of promoting a product, service, or idea through various media channels.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of Advertisement

The following are the advantages and disadvantages of Advertisement:

Advantages of Advertisement

• Increased Awareness – Advertisements help to increase awareness of a product or service, by introducing it to a wider audience. This can lead to increased interest and sales.
• Targeted Audience – Advertisements can be targeted to a specific audience, based on factors such as age, gender, and interests. This helps to ensure that the right message is reaching the right people.
• Creative Freedom – Advertisements allow for creative freedom in how a product or service is presented, using a range of different mediums such as TV, print, and social media. This can help to make the message more engaging and memorable.
• Brand Recognition – Advertisements can help to build brand recognition and loyalty, by creating a strong association between a product or service and a particular brand.
• Economic Benefit – Advertising can have a positive impact on the economy, by creating jobs in the advertising industry and stimulating consumer spending.

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Disadvantages of Advertisement

• Misleading Information – Some advertisements may contain misleading information or exaggerations about the product or service being promoted. This can lead to false expectations and disappointment among consumers.
• Increased Costs – Advertising can be expensive, particularly for small businesses with limited budgets. The costs associated with creating, producing, and distributing ads can add up quickly.
• Overexposure – Too much advertising can lead to overexposure and consumer fatigue, as people may become tired of seeing the same ads repeatedly. This can lead to a decrease in the effectiveness of the advertising campaign.
• Negative Association – Some advertisements may be perceived as offensive or inappropriate, which can lead to negative associations with the product or service being promoted. This can damage the reputation of the brand and lead to decreased sales.
• Environmental Impact – Advertising can have a negative impact on the environment, particularly with regards to printed materials such as flyers, posters, and billboards. These materials can contribute to waste and pollution.
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Essay On Advertisement

500 words essay on advertisement.

We all are living in the age of advertisements. When you step out, just take a quick look around and you will lay eyes upon at least one advertisement in whichever form. In today’s modern world of trade and business, advertisement plays an essential role. All traders, big and small, make use of it to advertise their goods and services. Through essay on advertisement, we will go through the advantages and ways of advertisements.

The Various Ways Of Advertisement

Advertisements help people become aware of any product or service through the use of commercial methods. This kind of publicity helps to endorse a specific interest of a person for product sale.

As the world is becoming more competitive now, everyone wants to be ahead in the competition. Thus, the advertisement also comes under the same category. Advertising is done in a lot of ways.

There is an employment column which lists down job vacancies that is beneficial for unemployed candidates. Similarly, matrimonial advertisement help people find a bride or groom for marriageable prospects.

Further, advertising also happens to find lost people, shops, plots, good and more. Through this, people get to know about a nearby shop is on sale or the availability of a new tutor or coaching centre.

Nowadays, advertisements have evolved from newspapers to the internet. Earlier there were advertisements in movie theatres, magazines, building walls. But now, we have the television and internet which advertises goods and services.

As a large section of society spends a lot of time on the internet, people are targeting their ads towards it. A single ad posting on the internet reaches to millions of people within a matter of few seconds. Thus, advertising in any form is effective.

Benefits of Advertisements

As advertisements are everywhere, for some magazines and newspapers, it is their main source of income generation. It not only benefit the producer but also the consumer. It is because producers get sales and consumer gets the right product.

Moreover, the models who act in the advertisements also earn a handsome amount of money . When we look at technology, we learn that advertising is critical for establishing contact between seller and buyer.

This medium helps the customers to learn about the existence and use of such goods which are ready to avail in the market. Moreover, advertisement manages to reach the nooks and corners of the world to target their potential customers.

Therefore, it benefits a lot of people. Through advertising, people also become aware of the price difference and quality in the market. This allows them to make good choices and not fall to scams.

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Conclusion of Essay On Advertisement

All in all, advertisements are very useful but they can also be damaging. Thus, it is upon us to use them with sense and ensure they are entertaining and educative. None of us can escape advertisements as we are already at this age. But, what we can do is use our intelligence for weeding out the bad ones and benefitting from the right ones.

FAQ on Essay On Advertisement

Question 1: What is the importance of advertisement in our life?

Answer 1: Advertising is the best way to communicate with customers. It helps informs the customers about the brands available in the market and the variety of products which can be useful to them.

Question 2: What are the advantages of advertising?

Answer 2: The advantages of advertising are that firstly, it introduces a new product in the market. Thus, it helps in expanding the market. As a result, sales also increase. Consumers become aware of and receive better quality products.

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• Advertising Pros and Cons: A Comprehensive Analysis of Benefits and Drawbacks

In today's digital age, advertising has become an integral part of our daily lives. From billboards lining our highways to pop-up ads on our favorite websites, we are constantly bombarded with messages designed to persuade us to buy a product or service. While advertising can be an effective way for businesses to reach their target audience and increase their sales, it is not without its drawbacks. In this article, we will take a comprehensive look at the pros and cons of advertising, examining both the benefits it offers and the potential negative impacts it can have.

First, we will explore the advantages of advertising, such as its ability to raise brand awareness , reach a wider audience, and drive sales. We will also delve into the various advertising channels available, including traditional print and television ads, as well as newer digital platforms like social media and influencer marketing . Additionally, we will discuss the role of advertising in supporting the economy and creating jobs.

The Pros and Cons of Advertising: An In-depth Look at the Benefits and Drawbacks

Advantages and disadvantages of advertising: a comprehensive analysis, is advertising worth it weighing the benefits and drawbacks, understanding the benefits and drawbacks of advertising: a complete guide.

Advertising plays a vital role in today's business world, helping companies promote their products and services to a wide audience. However, like any other marketing strategy, advertising has its own set of advantages and disadvantages that should be carefully considered. In this article, we will explore the pros and cons of advertising to provide a comprehensive analysis of its benefits and drawbacks.

The Benefits of Advertising

Advertising offers several advantages for businesses looking to establish their brand and attract customers. Here are some of the key benefits:

• Increased Visibility: Advertising allows companies to reach a large audience and increase brand visibility. By placing ads in strategic locations and using various media channels, businesses can ensure that their message reaches potential customers.
• Brand Awareness: Advertising helps create brand awareness and recognition. Consistent advertising campaigns can help establish a strong brand identity and make the company more memorable to consumers.
• Targeted Marketing: With advertising, businesses can target specific demographics and customer segments. By tailoring ads to the interests and needs of a particular audience, companies can increase the chances of reaching the right customers and driving sales.
• Increased Sales: Effective advertising campaigns can lead to an increase in sales. By attracting new customers and encouraging repeat purchases from existing customers, advertising can directly impact a company's revenue.

Did you know? In a survey, 82% of consumers stated that they are more likely to buy from a brand that they are familiar with.

• Competitive Advantage: Advertising allows businesses to differentiate themselves from competitors. By highlighting unique selling points and showcasing the benefits of their products or services, companies can gain a competitive edge in the market.

The Drawbacks of Advertising

While advertising offers numerous benefits, it also has some drawbacks that businesses should be aware of:

• Cost: Advertising can be expensive, especially for small businesses with limited budgets. Creating and placing ads across various media channels can quickly add up, making it challenging for some companies to afford extensive advertising campaigns.
• Message Overload: Consumers are constantly bombarded with advertisements from all directions. This saturation of ads can lead to message overload, where consumers become immune to advertising and ignore or block out the messages they receive.
• Perception of Intrusion: Some consumers may see advertising as intrusive, particularly when ads interrupt their online experience or appear in places they consider to be private. This perception of intrusion can create a negative association with the brand and lead to a decrease in customer trust.
• Effectiveness Measurement: Measuring the effectiveness of advertising campaigns can be challenging. It is difficult to determine the direct impact of ads on sales, making it challenging for businesses to assess the return on investment of their advertising efforts.

Table: Comparison of Advertising Pros and Cons

Note: This table provides a visual summary of the pros and cons of advertising.

Advertising can be a powerful tool for businesses, providing them with increased visibility, brand awareness, targeted marketing, increased sales, and a competitive advantage. However, it is essential to consider the drawbacks, such as cost, message overload, perception of intrusion, and the challenges of measuring effectiveness. By carefully weighing the pros and cons, businesses can make informed decisions about their advertising strategies and maximize the benefits while minimizing the drawbacks.

Advertising plays a crucial role in the business world, serving as a powerful tool for promoting products, services, and brands. However, like any other marketing strategy, advertising has its share of advantages and disadvantages that businesses need to consider. In this article, we will delve into a comprehensive analysis of the benefits and drawbacks of advertising.

Advantages of Advertising

Advertising offers numerous benefits that can contribute to the success of a business. Here are some of the key advantages:

• Increased brand awareness: Advertising helps to create brand recognition and familiarity among target audiences, making it more likely for consumers to choose your brand over competitors.
• Expanded customer reach: Through advertising, businesses can reach a wider audience, including potential customers who may not have been aware of their products or services before.
• Improved sales and revenue: Effective advertising campaigns can lead to increased sales and revenue, as they generate interest and demand for products or services.
• Establishment of credibility and trust: Advertising can help build trust and credibility for a brand, especially when it showcases positive customer experiences and testimonials.
• Competitive advantage: By leveraging advertising, businesses can differentiate themselves from competitors and highlight unique selling propositions that set them apart in the market.

Disadvantages of Advertising

While advertising offers numerous benefits, it also comes with a set of drawbacks that businesses should be aware of. Here are some of the key disadvantages:

• Costly investment: Advertising can be a significant financial investment, especially for small businesses with limited budgets. Creating and running effective advertising campaigns can require substantial resources.
• Information overload: In today's saturated advertising landscape, consumers are constantly bombarded with messages. This can lead to information overload, making it challenging for businesses to capture and retain consumers' attention.
• Targeting limitations: Despite advances in targeting technologies, reaching the right audience with advertising can still be a challenge. Advertisements may not always reach the intended target market, resulting in wasted resources.
• Negative consumer perceptions: Some consumers may view advertising as intrusive or manipulative, leading to negative perceptions of a brand. This can hinder brand loyalty and trust.
• Competition and clutter: Businesses must contend with intense competition and cluttered advertising spaces, making it difficult to stand out and make a lasting impression on consumers.

It is essential for businesses to weigh the advantages and disadvantages of advertising before implementing a strategy. By carefully considering these factors, businesses can make informed decisions and optimize their advertising efforts.

Remember, when it comes to advertising, it's crucial to find the right balance and approach that aligns with your business goals and target audience.

Advertising is a powerful tool that businesses use to promote their products and services. It allows companies to reach a wider audience and increase brand awareness. However, like any marketing strategy, advertising has its pros and cons. In this article, we will explore the benefits and drawbacks of advertising to help you determine if it is worth investing in for your business.

Benefits of Advertising

• Increased brand awareness: Advertising helps to create brand recognition and familiarity among consumers. It allows businesses to establish a strong presence in the market and differentiate themselves from competitors.
• Reach a wider audience: Through advertising, businesses can target specific demographics and reach a larger audience. This increases the chances of attracting new customers and expanding the customer base.
• Boost sales and revenue: Well-executed advertising campaigns can lead to increased sales and revenue. By promoting products and services, businesses can generate interest and encourage customers to make purchases.
• Build customer loyalty: Advertising can help businesses build long-term relationships with customers. By consistently engaging with consumers through advertisements, businesses can establish trust and loyalty, leading to repeat purchases.
• Stay ahead of competitors: Advertising allows businesses to stay competitive in the market. By promoting unique selling points and highlighting competitive advantages, businesses can attract customers away from competitors.

Drawbacks of Advertising

• High costs: Advertising can be expensive, especially for small businesses with limited budgets. Costs can include production, media placement, and agency fees. It is important to carefully consider the return on investment before committing to an advertising campaign.
• Message saturation: In today's digital age, consumers are bombarded with advertisements from various channels. This can lead to message saturation and make it difficult for businesses to stand out from the crowd.
• Ad avoidance: Many consumers actively avoid advertisements, whether it's through ad-blocking software or simply ignoring them. This can hinder the effectiveness of advertising campaigns and reduce reach.
• Reputation management: Advertising campaigns can sometimes backfire if the messaging is not well-received by the target audience. Businesses need to carefully manage their reputation and ensure that advertisements align with their brand values.
• Ethical concerns: Advertising practices can sometimes raise ethical concerns, such as false or misleading claims. It is important for businesses to maintain honesty and transparency in their advertising efforts.

Advertising can be a valuable tool for businesses, but it is important to weigh the benefits and drawbacks before investing in it. Consider your budget, target audience, and overall marketing strategy to determine if advertising aligns with your business goals. Remember to track and analyze the results of your advertising campaigns to continuously improve and optimize your efforts.

One important tip to keep in mind is to regularly evaluate the effectiveness of your advertising efforts. This will help you make informed decisions and allocate your resources wisely.

Advertising plays a crucial role in promoting products and services in today's competitive market. Here are some of the key advantages of advertising:

• Increased brand awareness: Advertising helps to create brand recognition and increase the visibility of a company, product, or service.
• Reaching a wider audience: Through various advertising channels, businesses can target a larger audience and expand their customer base.
• Driving sales and revenue: Effective advertising campaigns can lead to increased sales and revenue generation for businesses.
• Building customer trust and loyalty: Consistent and well-executed advertising campaigns can help build trust and loyalty among customers.
• Competitive advantage: Advertising allows businesses to differentiate themselves from competitors and establish a unique selling proposition.
• Creating emotional connections: Advertising has the power to evoke emotions and connect with customers on a deeper level, influencing their buying decisions.

These advantages highlight the importance of advertising in today's business landscape.

Did you know? According to a study, companies that consistently advertise are 2.5 times more likely to experience revenue growth compared to those that do not advertise.

While advertising offers numerous benefits, it also comes with some drawbacks that businesses need to consider:

• Cost: Advertising can be expensive, especially for small businesses with limited budgets. It requires careful planning and allocation of resources.
• Information overload: With the abundance of advertisements across various platforms, customers may become overwhelmed and ignore or tune out advertising messages.
• Consumer skepticism: In today's digital age, consumers are becoming more skeptical of advertising claims and may question the credibility and authenticity of advertisements.
• Ad avoidance: Many consumers use ad-blocking software or skip ads altogether, making it challenging for businesses to reach their target audience.
• Negative impact: Poorly executed or inappropriate advertising campaigns can damage a company's reputation and brand image.
• Regulatory challenges: Businesses must comply with advertising regulations and guidelines set by government agencies to ensure ethical and responsible advertising practices.

Fun fact: The first-ever newspaper advertisement was published in 1704 in the Boston News-Letter.

It's important for businesses to carefully evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of advertising before implementing any advertising strategies.

Understanding the pros and cons of advertising is essential for businesses to make informed decisions and develop effective marketing strategies.

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Advertising Functions and Strategies

Advertising: pay to play.

Advertising is any paid form of communication from an identified sponsor or source that draws attention to ideas, goods, services or the sponsor itself. Most advertising is directed toward groups rather than individuals, and advertising is usually delivered through media such as television, radio, newspapers and, increasingly, the Internet. Ads are often measured in impressions (the number of times a consumer is exposed to an advertisement).

Advertising is a very old form of promotion with roots that go back even to ancient times. In recent decades, the practices of advertising have changed enormously as new technology and media have allowed consumers to bypass traditional advertising venues. From the invention of the remote control, which allows people to ignore advertising on TV without leaving the couch, to recording devices that let people watch TV programs but skip the ads, conventional advertising is on the wane. Across the board, television viewership has fragmented, and ratings have fallen.

Print media are also in decline, with fewer people subscribing to newspapers and other print media and more people favoring digital sources for news and entertainment. Newspaper advertising revenue has declined steadily since 2000. [1]  Advertising revenue in television is also soft, and it is split across a growing number of broadcast and cable networks. Clearly companies need to move beyond traditional advertising channels to reach consumers. Digital media outlets have happily stepped in to fill this gap. Despite this changing landscape, for many companies advertising remains at the forefront of how they deliver the proper message to customers and prospective customers.

The Purpose of Advertising

Advertising has three primary objectives: to inform, to persuade, and to remind.

• Informative Advertising  creates awareness of brands, products, services, and ideas. It announces new products and programs and can educate people about the attributes and benefits of new or established products.
• Persuasive Advertising tries to convince customers that a company’s services or products are the best, and it works to alter perceptions and enhance the image of a company or product. Its goal is to influence consumers to take action and switch brands, try a new product, or remain loyal to a current brand.
• Reminder Advertising  reminds people about the need for a product or service, or the features and benefits it will provide when they purchase promptly.

When people think of advertising, often product-focused advertisements are top of mind—i.e., ads that promote an organization’s goods or services. Institutional advertising  goes beyond products to promote organizations, issues, places, events, and political figures.  Public service announcements (PSAs) are a category of institutional advertising focused on social-welfare issues such as drunk driving, drug use, and practicing a healthy lifestyle. Usually PSAs are sponsored by nonprofit organizations and government agencies with a vested interest in the causes they promote.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Advertising

As a method of marketing communication, advertising has both advantages and disadvantages. In terms of advantages, advertising creates a sense of credibility or legitimacy when an organization invests in presenting itself and its products in a public forum. Ads can convey a sense of quality and permanence, the idea that a company isn’t some fly-by-night venture. Advertising allows marketers to repeat a message at intervals selected strategically. Repetition makes it more likely that the target audience will see and recall a message, which improves awareness-building results. Advertising can generate drama and human interest by featuring people and situations that are exciting or engaging. It can introduce emotions, images, and symbols that stimulate desire, and it can show how a product or brand compares favorably to competitors. Finally, advertising is an excellent vehicle for brand building, as it can create rational and emotional connections with a company or offering that translate into goodwill. As advertising becomes more sophisticated with digital media, it is a powerful tool for tracking consumer behaviors, interests, and preferences, allowing advertisers to better tailor content and offers to individual consumers. Through the power of digital media, memorable or entertaining advertising can be shared between friends and go viral—and viewer impressions skyrocket.

The primary disadvantage of advertising is cost. Marketers question whether this communication method is really cost-effective at reaching large groups. Of course, costs vary depending on the medium, with television ads being very expensive to produce and place. In contrast, print and digital ads tend to be much less expensive. Along with cost is the question of how many people an advertisement actually reaches. Ads are easily tuned out in today’s crowded media marketplace. Even ads that initially grab attention can grow stale over time. While digital ads are clickable and interactive, traditional advertising media are not. In the bricks-and-mortar world, it is difficult for marketers to measure the success of advertising and link it directly to changes in consumer perceptions or behavior. Because advertising is a one-way medium, there is usually little direct opportunity for consumer feedback and interaction, particularly from consumers who often feel overwhelmed by competing market messages.

Developing Effective Ads: The Creative Strategy

Effective advertising starts with the same foundational components as any other IMC campaign: identifying the target audience and the objectives for the campaign. When advertising is part of a broader IMC effort, it is important to consider the strategic role advertising will play relative to other marketing communication tools. With clarity around the target audience, campaign strategy, and budget, the next step is to develop the creative strategy  for developing compelling advertising. The creative strategy has two primary components: the message and the appeal .

The message comes from the messaging framework discussed earlier in this module: what message elements should the advertising convey to consumers? What should the key message be? What is the call to action? How should the brand promise be manifested in the ad? How will it position and differentiate the offering? With advertising, it’s important to remember that the ad can communicate the message not only with words but also potentially with images, sound, tone, and style.

Marketers also need to consider existing public perceptions and other advertising and messages the company has placed in the market. Has the prior marketing activity resonated well with target audiences? Should the next round of advertising reinforce what went before, or is it time for a fresh new message, look, or tone?

Along with message, the creative strategy also identifies the appeal , or how the advertising will attract attention and influence a person’s perceptions or behavior. Advertising appeals can take many forms, but they tend to fall into one of two categories: informational appeal and emotional appeal.

The informational appeal offers facts and information to help the target audience make a purchasing decision. It tries to generate attention using rational arguments and evidence to convince consumers to select a product, service, or brand. For example:

• More or better product or service features: Ajax “Stronger Than Dirt”
• Cost savings:  Walmart “Always Low Prices”
• Quality: John Deere “Nothing runs like a Deere”
• Customer service: Holiday Inn “Pleasing people the world over”
• New, improved: Verizon “Can you hear me now? Good.”

The following Black+Decker commercial relies on an informational appeal to promote its product. (Note: There is no speech in this video; only instrumental music.)

https://youtube.com/watch?v=w6tqDoJQokM

Text alternative for “Black and Decker 20V MAX” (opens in new window).

The emotional appeal targets consumers’ emotional wants and needs rather than rational logic and facts. It plays on conscious or subconscious desires, beliefs, fears, and insecurities to persuade consumers and influence their behavior. The emotional appeal is linked to the features and benefits provided by the product, but it creates a connection with consumers at an emotional level rather than a rational level. Most marketers agree that emotional appeals are more powerful and differentiating than informational appeals. However, they must be executed well to seem authentic and credible to the the target audience. A poorly executed emotional appeal can come across as trite or manipulative. Examples of emotional appeals include:

• Self-esteem: L’Oreal “Because I’m worth it”
• Happiness: Coca-Cola “Open happiness”
• Anxiety and fear: World Health Organization “Smoking Kills”
• Achievement: Nike “Just Do It”
• Attitude: Apple “Think Different”
• Freedom: Southwest “You are now free to move about the country”
• Peace of Mind: Allstate “Are you in good hands?”
• Popularity: NBC “Must-see TV”
• Germophobia: Chlorox “For life’s bleachable moments, there’s Chlorox”

The following Heinz Ketchup commercial offers a humorous example of an ad based entirely on an emotional appeal:

Developing the Media Plan

The media plan is a document that outlines the strategy and approach for an advertising campaign, or for the advertising component in an IMC campaign. The media plan is developed simultaneously with the creative strategy. A standard media plan consists of four stages: (a) stating media objectives; (b) evaluating media; (c) selecting and implementing media choices; and (d) determining the media budget.

Media objectives are normally stated in terms of three dimensions:

• Reach: number of different persons or households exposed to a particular media vehicle or media schedule at least once during a specified time period.
• Frequency: the number of times within a given time period that a consumer is exposed to a message.
• Continuity: the timing of media assertions (e.g. 10 per cent in September, 20 per cent in October, 20 per cent in November, 40 per cent in December and 10 per cent the rest of the year).

The process of evaluating media involves considering each type of advertising available to a marketer, and the inherent strengths and weaknesses associated with each medium. The table below outlines key strengths and weaknesses of major types of advertising media. Television advertising is a powerful and highly visible medium, but it is expensive to produce and buy air time. Radio is quite flexible and inexpensive, but listenership is lower and it typically delivers fewer impressions and a less-targeted audience. Most newspapers and magazines have passed their advertising heydays and today struggle against declining subscriptions and readership.  Yet they can be an excellent and cost-effective investment for reaching some audiences. Display ads offer a lot of flexibility and creative options, from wrapping buses in advertising to creating massive and elaborate 3-D billboards. Yet their reach is limited to their immediate geography. Online advertising such as banner ads, search engine ads, paid listings, pay-per-click links and similar techniques offers a wide selection of opportunities for marketers to attract and engage with target audiences online. Yet the internet is a very crowded place, and it is difficult for any individual company to stand out in the crowd.

The evaluation process requires research to assess options for reaching their target audience with each medium, and how well a particular message fits the audience in that medium. Many advertisers rely heavily on the research findings provided by the medium, by their own experience, and by subjective appraisal to determine the best media for a given campaign.

To illustrate, if a company is targeting young-to-middle-aged professional women to sell beauty products, the person or team responsible for the media plan should evaluate what options each type of media offers for reaching this audience. How reliably can television, radio, newspapers or magazines deliver this audience? Media organizations maintain carefully-researched information about the size, demographics and other characteristics of their viewership or readership.

Cable and broadcast TV networks know which shows are hits with this target demographic and therefore which advertising spots to sell to a company targeting professional women. Likewise newspapers know which sections attract the eyeballs of female audiences, and magazines publishers understand very well the market niches their publications fit. Online advertising becomes a particularly powerful tool for targeted advertising because of the information it captures and tracks about site visitors: who views and clicks on ads, where they visit and what they search for.

Not only does digital advertising provide the opportunity to advertise on sites that cater to a target audience of professional women, but it can identify which of these women are searching for beauty products, and it can help a company target these individuals more intensely and provide opportunities for follow-up interaction.The following video further explains how digital advertising targets and tracks individuals based on their expressed interests and behaviors.

You can view the transcript for “Behavioral Targeting” here (opens in new window) .

Selection and Implementation

The media planner must make decisions about the media mix and timing, both of which are restricted by the available budget. The media-mix decision involves choosing the best combination of advertising media to achieve the goals of the campaign. This is a difficult task, and it usually requires evaluating each medium quantitatively and qualitatively to select a mix that optimizes reach and budget. Unfortunately, there are few valid rules of thumb to guide this process, in part because it is difficult to compare audiences across different types of advertising media. For example, Nielsen ratings measure audiences based on TV viewer reports of the programs watched, while outdoor (billboard) audience-exposure estimates are based on counts of the number of automobiles that pass particular outdoor poster locations. The “timing of media” refers to the actual placement of advertisements during the time periods that are most appropriate, given the selected media objectives. It includes not only the scheduling of advertisements, but also the size and position of the advertisement.

There are three common patterns for advertising scheduling:

• Continuous  advertising runs ads steadily at a given level indefinitely. This schedule works well products and services that are consumed on a steady basis throughout the year, and the purpose of advertising is to nudge consumers, remind them and keep a brand or product top-of-mind.
• Flighting  involves heavy spurts of advertising, followed by periods with no advertising. This type of schedule makes sense for products or services that are seasonal in nature, like tax services, as well as one-time or occasional events.
• Pulsing mixes continuous scheduling with flighting, to create a constant drum-beat of ads, with periods of greater intensity. This approach matches products and services for which there is year-round appeal, but there may be some seasonality or periods of greater demand or intensity. Hotels and airlines, for example, might increase their advertising presence during the holiday season.

When considering advertising as a marketing communication method, companies need to balance the cost of advertising–both of producing the advertising pieces and buying placement—against the total budget for the IMC program. The selection and scheduling of media have a huge impact on budget: advertising that targets a mass audience is generally more expensive than advertising that targets a local or niche audience. It is important for marketers to consider the contribution advertising will make to the whole. Although advertising is generally one of the more expensive parts of the promotion mix, it may be a worthwhile investment if it contributes substantially to the reach and effectiveness of the whole program. Alternatively, some marketers spend very little on advertising because they find other methods are more productive and cost-effective for reaching their target segments.

Anatomy of an Advertisement

Advertisements use several common elements to deliver the message. The visual is the picture, image, or situation portrayed in the advertisement. The visual also considers the emotions, style, or look-and-feel to be conveyed: should the ad appear tender, businesslike, fresh, or supercool? All of these considerations can be conveyed by the visual, without using any words.

The headline is generally what the viewer reads first—i.e., the words in the largest typeface. The headline serves as a hook for the appeal: it should grab attention, pique interest, and cause the viewer to keep reading or paying attention. In a radio or television ad, the headline equivalent might be the voice-over of a narrator delivering the primary message, or it might be a visual headline, similar to a print ad.

In print ads, a subhead is a smaller headline that continues the idea introduced in the headline or provides more information. It usually appears below the headline and in a smaller typeface.

The body copy  provides supporting information. Generally it appears in a standard, readable font.  The call to action may be part of the body copy, or it may appear elsewhere in a larger typeface or color treatment to draw attention to itself.

A variety of brand elements  may also appear in an advertisement. These include the name of the advertiser or brand being advertised, the logo, a tagline, hashtag, Web site link, or other standard “branded” elements that convey brand identity. These elements are an important way of establishing continuity with other marketing communications used in the IMC campaign or developed by the company. For example, print ads for an IMC campaign might contain a campaign-specific tagline that also appears in television ads, Website content, and social media posts associated with the campaign.

Ad Testing and Measurement

When organizations are poised to make a large investment in any type of advertising, it is wise to conduct marketing research to test the advertisements with target audiences before spending lots of money on ads and messages that may not hit the mark. Ad testing may preview messages and preliminary ad concepts with members of a target segment to see which ones resonate best and get insight about how to fine-tune messages or other aspects of the ad to make them more effective. Organizations may conduct additional testing with near-final advertising pieces to do more fine-tuning of the messages and visuals before going public.

To gauge the impact of advertising, organizations may conduct pre-tests and post-tests of their target audience to measure whether advertising has its intended effect. A pre-test assesses consumer attitudes, perceptions, and behavior before the advertising campaign. A post-test measures the same things afterward to determine how the ads have influenced the target audience, if at all.

Companies may also measure sales before, during, and after advertising campaigns run in the geographies or targets where the advertising appeared. This provides information about the return on investment for the campaign, which is how much the advertising increased sales relative to how much money it cost to execute. Ideally advertising generates more revenue and, ultimately profits, than it costs to mount the advertising campaign.

• Weissman, J. (2014, April 28). The decline of newspapers hits a stunning milestone. Slate. http://www.slate.com/blogs/moneybox/2014/04/28/decline_of_newspapers_hits_a_milestone_print_revenue_is_lowest_since_1950.html ↵

Advertising Functions and Strategies Copyright © by Enyonam Osei-Hwere and Patrick Osei-Hwere is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License , except where otherwise noted.

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Unveiling the Power Play: Advantages & Disadvantages of Advertising

Jun 7, 2023 | Digital Marketing

Advertising is one of the most powerful tools in the business and is capable of attracting millions of consumers worldwide. Companies search out other advertising agencies and pay them to advertise their products on different platforms. The goal of this investment is simple, to reach people and urge them to buy their products and services. 

Advertisement involves researching much information related to demographics, culture, people, gender, and many other factors to determine success. A brand can grow and thrive with the help of advertising, however, if done improperly, it can also be an ignominy. Henceforth, it is significant to review the advantages and disadvantages of advertising as mentioned in this article.

• 1.1 Set brands and products apart from the competition
• 1.2 Increase product & brand awareness
• 1.3 Attracting Current and Potential Customers
• 1.4 Increase Sales volume and ROI
• 1.5 Reach multiple markets and population groups simultaneously
• 2.1 It is money and time consuming
• 2.2 Challenging for small businesses
• 2.3 It creates a general disturbance
• 2.4 No surety of returns
• 3 Concluding Advantages & Disadvantages of Advertising

Advantages of Advertising

Set brands and products apart from the competition.

There’s always a possibility of an alternative product in the market for the same product you are offering, which increases the competition. This necessitates an innovative marketing approach to set your product apart from other competitors.

The quality of advertisement makes the audience aware of the quality product you are offering which can help you create a powerful image in the minds of the consumers. Consequently, effective tailored advertisements that highlight the benefits of the products, their suitability for the consumer’s budget, and the professionalism of services offered can persuade customers to choose your product over the competition.

Increase product & brand awareness

Alerting the target audience about the existence of a product and brand is crucial. Advertisements have been proven to be a compelling tool for building brand awareness and effectively spreading the word about your business in a short period.

Well-established businesses use effective advertising strategies to enhance awareness about their products and services which in turn increases their sales. The strategies may include advertising a newly launched product or service, highlighting advancements in existing products, or offering discounts and benefits via service. This also provides an opportunity to market a brand’s authentic taste and distinctive qualities that are crucial to its reputation.

Attracting Current and Potential Customers

Advertising plays an important role in making the marketing sales funnel successful. In addition to building awareness, advertisements also increase considerations and conversions. More leads can be generated by effective advertisements that inform audiences about business operations. This includes promoting a new store’s opening through advertisements or publicizing the location of the business etc. Moreover, ads on Facebook, Twitter, and Linkedin can grow the followers base and help you connect to more people thus expanding your connectivity.

Increase Sales volume and ROI

Advertising serves as the motive to drive sales and increase return on investment(ROI) by targeting current and potential customers who are one step away from completing the desired conversion. 

Traditional advertisements like print ads, billboards, and broadcast ads are beneficial to increase awareness about your business, but they can be expensive. Digital advertising techniques like display ads, search engine ads, social media conversion-optimized, and retargeting ads are cost-saving which can further give an advantage by increasing ROI and sales volume.

Reach multiple markets and population groups simultaneously

Advertising is one of the most straightforward ways to reach multiple demographics simultaneously. This can help businesses better identify the demographics and population to whom their customers belong, providing information that allows for duplicating prospects.

Marketing through various paid and unpaid platforms enables the collection of useful data which could be analyzed to know precisely where to target ads to increase awareness and sales. Advertising also allows a company to reach out to new markets to effectively judge the influence of its marketing methods.

You Might Like: Navigating the Differences Between Advertising and Publicity

Disadvantages of Advertising

It is money and time consuming.

Advertising proves to be a very costly and time-consuming function. A lot of time is consumed from creating and editing videos for ads to finding space on platforms offering flexible budgets to run your ads. Therefore, advertising becomes a strategic activity for businesses, and allotting specific budgets and setting targets are recommended to overcome the consequences.

Moreover, in some scenarios, it has been found that the cost of advertisement increases the set budget which affects the cost of the advertised products and consequently decreases the sales volume.

Challenging for small businesses

Small business owners lack resources and budget for advertisements as a result of which they get lost in the market. Large firms are the ones who dictate the entire market of products and goods which makes it challenging for medium enterprises to make their presence and do their business.

It creates a general disturbance

Advertising may have a positive effect on the economy but it also impacts negatively on the consumers when it happens over and over again. Also, according to digital marketing experts, on average a person is exposed to 6,000 to 10,000 ads every single day. Many of the ads become repetitive and irritating which can develop hate towards a brand or an entity. This proves to be a major disadvantage of advertising.

No surety of returns

Advertising may cost thousands if not millions of dollars but cannot guarantee a surety in return on investment. This is why it becomes important for any digital marketing company to research demographics and audience groups to find the pain points before advertising. As long as there is some sort of valid value proposition there will always be some sort of return on investment. Even then, a million-dollar campaign could bring a $1 return.

Concluding Advantages & Disadvantages of Advertising

Advertising is an advantageous practice as it can increase brand and product awareness and simultaneously set you apart from the competition. Effective advertising strategies can help any company to ensure a good return on investment but it’s not always likely to achieve that feat. Further, make sure to do the proper research, allocate a flexible budget, and be patient for a campaign to be successful.

Brandshark is India’s leading creative digital marketing agency and we can help your brand grow and stay visible on the internet. Contact us now – Our professionals will help you at every stage from generating leads and improving brand authority to increasing your sales and driving website traffic.

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• 6 band Nowadays crime movies, programs and TV series are extremely popular. What do you think is the reason for this What effects do these films have on our society Give your own opinion and examples. One of the ways to influence society today is movies, TV shows, and the messages there. Recently, crime films and series watch with attention among many individuals. There are some causes and effects of this issue. Possibly the main cause is that people find these films more interesting. Viewers th ...
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12 Advantages and Disadvantages of Advertising

Concept of advertising.

Advertising is a means of creating awareness and promoting a product or service in the market. It is a paid form of communication to inform the public about an idea, good or service. Advertising is a market communication intended to influence people’s actions and persuading them to buy or try the product.

This is one of the effective promotional tool of an organization for promoting its product among the target audience. It spreads the promotional message containing full details about the product among the customers. Advertising is a one-way communication by which organizations communicate with people by paying charges to an advertising company.

Advertising is of different kinds depending upon the type of medium used for communication such as print advertising, social advertising, outside advertising, broadcasting advertising, etc. There are three main motives of advertising: informing potential customers about brand, persuading people for buying brand products and reminding customers from time to time about brand message and vision.

Advantages of Advertising

Introduces product

Advertising is a medium through which companies introduce and create awareness regarding their products in the market. It explains the features and uses of new products to customers.

Increase Sales

Advertising helps the business in increasing its sales volumes. It attracts more and more people toward the company’s products and persuades them for purchasing it.

Widens Market

It enables businesses in exploring new markets and reaching out to a wide number of peoples. Advertising creates wide awareness regarding brand products among the public.

Fights Competition

Advertising is an effective tool for businesses to face competitive forces in the market. It provides detailed information regarding products that helps in differentiating it from competitor’s products and acquiring a competitive advantage.

Eliminates Middlemen

It serves as the direct connecting link between manufacturers and consumers. Advertising eliminates the role of all intermediaries between producer and customers which increases the profit margin of producers and reduces the overall cost to customers.

Stabilizes Sales Volume

Advertising helps in stabilizing the sales volumes for business. It helps in retaining more and more customers for a longer time period and develops more loyal customers.

Educates Consumers

It serves as the mean through which companies communicates all details regarding their products among customers. Advertising informs customers about the uses and utility of the product. 

Disadvantages of Advertising

Increases Cost

Advertising raises the cost of products offered by the business for sale in the market. The business incurs huge expenditure on advertisement activities which they recover by charging high prices for their products.

Mislead People

Advertising often leads to misleading and fraud customers by presenting false facts about goods. Many times it makes exaggerated and unfair claims regarding products. 

It is an impersonal and one-way means of communication between the manufacturer and customers. Customers sometimes are confused by the message communicated through advertisements by the company and are not able to resolve their queries.

Discourages Small Business

Advertisement programs require huge funds to gain popularity and goodwill in the market. It is beyond the scope of small businesses as they cannot afford huge advertisements like big companies.

Encourage Monopoly

Big corporations through wide advertisement programs create their monopolies in the market. They are able to create a permanent place for them among customers and restricts the entry of new competitors.

Related posts:

• Strategic Brand Management Process
• What is Communication? Principles, Process Channels, Importance, Barriers
• Communication Process in Marketing
• Advantages and Disadvantages of Advertising in Marketing Management
• Aims and Objectives of Advertising
• Importance of Advertising Management

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Advantages and Disadvantages of Advertising

Everything you need to know about advantages and disadvantages advertising. Advertising is defined as the paid, non-personal form of communication about products or ideas by an identified sponsor through the mass media so as to inform, persuade or influence the behaviour of the target audience.

Advertising is directed to a large number of people and not to one individual. That is why we call it non-personal. Advertising is communication about products or ideas. It may inform us about the features of iPod or new smart phone or spell out the need to have a cancer check-up.

Some of the advantages and disadvantages of advertising are:-

A. Advantages of Advertising – 1. Promotion of Sales 2. Expansion of Production 3. Enhances Goodwill 4. Large Turnover and Huge Profits 5. Information about Different Options and Comparative Prices 6. Creates Employment 7. Higher Standard of Living

ADVERTISEMENTS:

B. Disadvantages of Advertising – 1. Adds to the Cost of Production and Product 2. Leads to Price War 3. Deceptive Advertising 4. Leads to Unequal Competition 5. Creates a Monopolistic Market 6. Promotes Unnecessary Consumption 7. Decline in Moral Values.

Learn about the Advantages and Disadvantages of Advertising

Advantages of advertising:.

The advantages of advertising are to be analyzed in terms of its advantages which are as follows:

(i) From Viewpoint of Manufacturers:

A well-advertised product is easier to be sold by the salesman in the market. If a brand is popular and well-known, people respond favourably to the salesman’s efforts. It provides a support to salesmanship, as the audience understands the product and its uses more clearly through the advertisement and the salesman’s effort is reduced to convince the buyers.

(a) Increase in Sales:

The main object of the manufacturer in advertising his products is to promote the sale of his products. Goods produced on a mass scale are marketed by the method of mass persuasion through advertising.

Repetition of advertisements, the manufacturers are not only able to retain existing markets but are also able to expand the markets both by attracting more people to their products and also by suggesting new uses for them. Advertising is a helping hand to selling.

(b) Supplementing Salesmanship:

It creates a ground for the efforts of the salesmen. When a salesman meets its prospect, they have just to canvass for a product with which the consumer may already have been familiarised, through advertisements. Therefore, the salesman’s efforts are supplemented and his task is made easier by advertising.

(c) Lower Costs:

Sales turnover and encourage mass production of goods are enhanced by advertising that results in large scale production, average cost of production reduces and results in higher profits. At the same time, when the cost of advertising and selling costs gets distributed over a larger volume of sales, the average cost of selling also lowers down.

(d) Greater Dealer Interest:

Advertising creates demand by which every retailer gets an opportunity to share with others. Hence, the retailers who deal in advertised goods are materially assisted by advertising in the performance of their functions. The retailers have not to bother much about pushing-up the sale of such products. Therefore, they evidence more interest in advertised products.

(e) Quick Turnover and Smaller Inventories:

A highly responsive market is created by well-organised advertisement campaign thereby facilitating quick turnover of the goods. Resulting, in lower inventories in relation to sales and being carried-on by the manufacturers.

(f) Steady Demand:

Seasonal fluctuations on demands for products are smoothened by advertising generally the manufacturers tries to discover and advertise new possible uses of which a seasonal product maybe put. The innovation of cold tea and cold coffee for the use during summer has helped in increasing the demand for these beverages even in that season. The same maybe said for refrigeration.

(ii) From Viewpoint of Consumers:

(a) Improvement in Quality:

Usually, goods are advertised under brand names. When a person is moved by the advertisement to use the product, they proceeds on the hope that the contents of the particular brand will be better than the other brands of the same goods.

When his experience confirms his expectation, a repeat order can be expected. Or else, the sales may rise very high once but may drop down very low subsequently when the consumer’s confidence in the quality of the product fails.

(b) Facility of Purchasing:

Purchasing becomes easy for the consumers after advertising. Generally, the re-sale prices (prices at which the goods are to be sold by the retailers) are fixed and advertised. Thus, advertising offers a definite and positive assurance to the consumer that they will not be overcharged for the advertised product. The consumer can make his purchases with utmost ease and confidence.

(c) Consumer’s Surplus:

The utility of given commodities is increased by advertising for many people. It points-out and pays even more for certain products which appear to have higher utility to them. If these products are available at the original lower prices, there will naturally be a certain amount of consumer’s surplus in terms of increased satisfaction or pleasure derived from these products.

(d) Education of Consumers:

Being an educational and dynamic principle, the prime objective of advertising is to inform and educate the customers about new products, their features, prices and uses. It also convinces them to adopt new ways of life, giving up their old habits and inertia and have a better standard of living.

(iii) From the Viewpoint of Middleman:

(a) Retail Price Maintenance becomes Possible:

The consumers are quite keen on getting quality products at stable prices over a period of time. Each consumer has his or her own family budget where he or she tries hard to match the expenditure to the disposable income for a socially acceptable decent living.

In case the prices go on changing abruptly, these individual budgets are likely to be distorted to such an extent that the consumers will have to think of substitutes for the products they are enjoying at present.

(b) Acts as a Salesman:

What a travelling salesman does for this organisation is done by the advertising at least cost. This is the reason that most of the retail organisations do not employ large army of travelling salesman, rather they are willing to spend on advertising which attracts consumers to the sores where the counter salesmen cater to their needs.

(c) Ensures Quick Sales:

Every retailer having the stock of different producers needs a quick turnover. By bringing the wide range of these products to the notice of the consumers, advertising boosts up of sales.

Faster sales imply the specific advantages such as reduced capital look-up, reduction in losses of holding stock over longer period, increased profits even by reducing the profit margin per unit. Further, advertising gives much leeway and freedom to better serve the needs of the consumers.

(iv) From the Viewpoint of Society:

(a) Change in Motivation:

Radically advertising has changed the basis of human motivation. While people of earlier generations lived and worked mainly for bare necessities of life, the modern generation works harder to supply itself with the luxuries and semi-luxuries of life.

(b) Sustaining the Press:

For support and sustenance the newspapers, periodicals, journals, looks for advertisers, press, look to advertisements. In the absence of income from advertising, the newspapers have to be produced at a higher cost and may not be able to keep themselves free from its competitors.

(c) Encouragement to Artists:

Designing artists, writers to do creative work. They earn their living from preparing advertisements.

(d) Encouragement to Research:

When manufacturers are assured of sufficient profits. They undertake research and discover new products or new uses for existing products. Advertising puts forward this assurance and thereby encouraging industrial research with all its advantages.

(e) Glimpse of National Life:

A glimpse of national life is provided by national life.

Disadvantages of Advertising:

Advertising too have its own limitations. In some case it’s being misused by few people over looking their business interests.

The main weaknesses of advertising are discussed below:

i. Deferred Revenue Expenditure:

It is a deferred revenue expenditure, as the results are not immediate. As advertising occupies a substantial portion of the total budget of the organisation. Hence, investing a large sum in it does not necessarily yield immediate results thus limiting its utility.

ii. Misrepresentation of Facts:

A major drawback of advertising is misrepresentation of facts regarding products and services. Advertisers usually misrepresent unreal/false benefits of a product and make tall claims to excite people to indulge in actions leading to their benefit, but opposed to consumer’s self-interest.

iii. Consumer’s Deficit:

Advertising creates desires as consumers have low purchasing power. It leads to discontentment. Such discontent is obviously not very desirable from the point of view of society, particularly if it affects a large majority of people. But it is important if it acts as a spur to social change.

iv. Barriers to Entry:

Advertisements promote industrial concentration to a greater or lesser degree. The extent of such concentration may vary with the character of the individual trade, the advertisability of the product and the technical conditions of its production. Although, studies on this subject are not conclusive. The evidence of positive association between advertising and concentration is weaker than can be expected.

v. Wastage of National Resources:

It is objected that advertisement is that it is used to destroy the utility of goods before the end of their normal period of usefulness. Now models of automobiles with nominal improvements are, for example, advertised at such high pressure that the old models have to be discarded long before they become useless, not that merely, the most-advertised products are delicate, fragile, and brittle.

vi. Increased Cost:

It is much debated whether advertising induces additional cost upon a product which the community has to pay. In a sense, it is true since expenses on it form a part of the total cost of the product. But at the same time, it would be unjust to infer that if the advertising costs were cut down the goods would necessarily be cheaper. Advertising is, one of the items of costs but it is a cost which brings savings in its wake on the distribution side.

vii. Product Proliferation:

Critics state that advertising encourages unnecessary product proliferation. As it leads to the multiplication of products that are almost identical, resulting in wastage of resources which could otherwise have been used to produce other products.

viii. Multiplication of Needs:

Advertising compels people to buy things they do not need as it is human instincts, to possess, to be recognized in the society, etc., are provoked by advertiser in order to sell products. At times, various types of appeals are advanced to arouse interest in the product. Sentiments and emotions are played with to gain customers.

Benefits of Advertising :

i. Internet Advertising is Huge:

With the growth of information on the Internet has growth the amount of time people spend on it, which has in turn generated a new market for Internet advertising. Some of the wealthiest companies in the world have made sure that they get a piece of the internet marketing pie, and for a good reason.

ii. Internet Advertising is Targeted:

As a company looking for advertising opportunities to a specific market, Internet advertising offers some targeting methods that insure that those who see your ads are the ones most likely to buy. Programmes like Google’s Ad Words and AdSense match up advertisers with content that their target market peruses regularly. Forget the costly machine- gun strategy of newspaper advertisements, Internet advertising is targeted!

iii. Internet Adverting Enables Good Conversion Tracking:

It is impossible to get a good idea of how many people see advertising through traditional means. Tracking the reach of newspaper and television advertisements is difficult. However, Internet advertising allows the advertiser to track the number of impressions an ad gets (how many people see it), and how many visits their business web site gets from particular ads, making it easy to see what kind of conversion rates internet advertisements are getting.

iv. Internet Advertising has a Lower Entry-Level Fees:

If you have a limited budget, Internet advertising can be much more in reach than traditional methods. A small yellow-page ad can cost thousand rupees. However, you can bid for advertisements on Google and Overture on a performance basis. That means that you only get charged when visitors click on the advertisement, and bidding starts at a few rupees pop.

v. Internet Advertising can be Much Cheaper :

Because of the targeted nature of Internet advertising and the ability to track the effectiveness of ads, conversion rates from internet advertising is typically much better than traditional mediums.

vi. Internet Advertising has Greater Range :

One more benefit is that, since the Internet spans the globe, pockets of your target market scattered around the world can all be targeted at once, rather than trying to find different publications, radio stations and television stations that cater to a particular geographical area.

On the whole, Internet advertising can be a great way to get the word out there about your service or product in a cost- effective, efficient way.

Limitations :

i. Measurement problem – It is difficult to measure effectiveness of advertising.

ii. Surfing speed – Due to traffic and technical difficulties users find that the time required to access sites can be long.

iii. Clutters – Too many ads over a short period could result in low registration of the message.

iv. Privacy – Like telephones being misused for telemarketing, Internet is also accused of invading user privacy.

Advertising is beneficial to manufacturers, traders, consumers and society as a whole:

1. Promotion of Sales:

Advertising helps the producer to increase his sales. A form attempts to increase the demand for its product, either by reducing the price or by inducing buyers to purchase more of its product; even at the constant price. The latter involves the use of sales promotion and hence advertising.

2. Expansion of Production:

Increased demand brought about by advertising has to be met by a corresponding increase in production. In this way, advertising causes production to expand in order to cater to an increased demand.

3. Enhances Goodwill:

Advertising is instrumental in increasing the goodwill of the company (advertises). It introduces the manufacturer and his product to the people. Repeated advertising and better quality of products strengthens manufacturer’s reputation and enhances his goodwill.

4. Large Turnover and Huge Profits:

An increased demand, generated through advertisements can create a larger turnover for the company and eventually resulting in more profits.

5. Information about Different Options and Comparative Prices:

Advertisement keeps the buyers well informed by providing information about the different products and their relative prices. This helps the consumer to take adequate decision regarding the features they want and the amount they want to spend, even before physically going to the shops.

6. Creates Employment Opportunities:

Advertising is capable of providing employment to large section of the society including the professionals like painters, photographers, singers, cartoonist, musicians, models and people working in different advertising agencies.

7. Higher Standard of Living:

Advertisement promotes larger consumption, increased production and greater employment. This further reflects on lower prices, better quality and greater variety of goods to the consumers. Advertising, thus, ensures better and happier living.

Disadvantages of Advertising :

Despite of being regarded as the life-blood of modern business advertising has the following disadvantages:

1. Adds to the Cost of Production and Product:

Advertising increases the cost of the advertised product, as the expenses on advertisement add to the total cost of the product. To mitigate the cost incurred during advertising of the product or the service, the advertiser adds the cost of advertisement to the total price of the product or the service. So, the advertising cost is actually being borne by the consumers.

2. Leads to Price War:

Large scale competitive advertising by prominent competing firms can possibly lead to advertising wars with the consumers being made to pay for it. It leads to a situation of price war and that makes the production activity unduly wasteful. The entire industry has to suffer a setback.

3. Deceptive Advertising:

Sometimes, advertising is used as an instrument of cheating. Unscrupulous firms defraud the consumers by misrepresenting their products through advertising. In order to induce people to purchase their product, firms issue false statements with regard to different virtues of a products; this undermines public confidence in advertising. As a result we have the Advertising Code of Conduct that regulates advertising and ensures commercial honesty.

4. Leads to Unequal Competition:

The producers spend a huge amount of money for the advertisement of their products and services. Small local firms cannot match the big advertising budgets of multinational companies. Therefore, the scales are always tilted in favour of the bigger producers leading to unequal competition.

5. Creates a Monopolistic Market:

Larger firms by virtue of their larger advertising budgets drive the smaller firms out of the market. This leaves the market open to just a few large producers. In this way the bigger firms win competition and monopolize the market.

6. Promotes Unnecessary Consumption:

Advertising promotes the consumption of goods and services which are not even required by the people. Hence it is wastage of national resources.

7. Decline in Moral Values:

In order to attract attention of the people, many times advertisers use indecent, vulgar language and obscene photographs.

All these reasons together justify the statement that “Advertising is Social Waste”, because it does not add any real value to the society.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Advertising – With Criticisms

Money spent on advertisement is an investment – This is because it gives rise to many benefits to various. Categories viz., Producers, Middlemen, Consumers and entire society.

The various benefits are as under:

A. Benefits / Advantages to Producers / Manufacturers:

1. Communication of Information to Consumer, i.e., Information about product, price and place from where it can be bought. Latest innovations and arrivals. Changes in product by manufacturer.

2. Brand Building – Advertisement is actually brand building. Advertisement creates brand preference for company’s products. Brand equity is established with the help of advertisement Brand equity refers to over-all strength of a brand in the market and its value to the company owning it.

3. Increase in sales – Old customers are kept tied up with the firm, reminding them about product, again and again through advertising. New customers are created by creating attraction towards product. Demand for new products is created by explaining merits of the product showing superiority over rivals’ products and giving knowledge about new products.

4. Help in facing competition and protecting manufacturer against unfair competition as advertisement creates a brand name.

5. Increase in Profits via increased sales.

6. Creation/Enhancement of Goodwill of Company and Product as clientele increases.

7. Stability in seasonal Demand – Advertisement helps in creating demand over all the seasons by discovering new product and new usage of product. For example, tea is sold in summer, ice-cream in winter due to advertising.

8. No Overstocking due to Quick Sales/turnover by creating high responsive market. Also this results in lower inventories.

9. Economies/Advantages of Large Scale Operation as sales increase.

10. Establishing Direct Relations/Contact between manufacturers and consumers through mass communication of messages about product.

11. Getting Efficient and Experienced Middlemen – Advertisement helps manufacturers in getting a team of efficient and experienced middlemen because increase in demand for a product encourages middlemen to maintain its stock/inventory.

12. Quickening the turnover by creating high responsive market resulting in lower inventory.

13. Advertisement gives employees a sense of practice on their jobs and a feeling to be in the service of a concern of repute. As such, it inspires executives, employees and workers to improve their performance and efficiency.

B. Benefits/Advantages to Middlemen (Wholesalers and Retailers):

1. Convenience in Selling without much effort as advertised goods are already in demand and customers are well convinced about such goods.

2. Increased Sales and Profits due to high demand, easy sale of products, and high rate of turnover.

3. No risk of overstocking as demand is already high.

4. Increase in goodwill as they become known for dealing in standard, quality goods.

5. Economy in selling as their overheads are saved and they need not spend on advertising.

6. Stability in sales and profits due to all-seasons demand through advertising.

7. It enables wholesalers and retailers to have product information.

C. Advantages to Salesmen:

1. Salesmanship is incomplete without advertising.

2. Advertising serves as a forerunner of salesman in selling goods.

3. Salesmen are helped by advertisement in following ways –

i. Selling becomes easy and convenient as products are already advertised informing consumer about product’s characteristics and quality.

ii. Advertising prepares requisite ground for salesman; as such his sales efforts are reduced.

iii. Contact between salesman and customer becomes permanent through effective advertising as customer is assured of quality and price of produce.

iv. Salesman can also weigh advertising effectiveness through direct contacts with customers.

D. Benefits / Advantages to Consumers:

1. Knowledge about New Products.

2. Saving of time and Labour in making purchases as they already know details about product through advertising viz., features, place where available.

3. Advance Decision to buy Consumers are able to take advance decision to buy in the light of advertisement.

4. Protection against cheating by Sellers as advertising message often provides details about weight, packing, price, discounts, special schemes and ‘alerts and warnings’.

5. Knowledge about variety of Products as different producers advertise their products.

6. Knowledge about Alternative Use of Products.

7. Enhancement in Consumers’ Marketing knowledge through advertising about existing products, new products, their different as well as new uses, place and manufacturers where available, other details.

8. Elimination of Middlemen and their costs in cases where direct relation between producer and consumer develops and this reduces consumer price.

9. Helps retailer’s Anticipation of actual sales.

10. Unfair competition and price wars are avoided as prices are controlled by manufacturers through advertisement.

11. Increase in Standard of living as people come to know about new home products, gadgets and appliances which makes their living more comfortable and living standard higher.

E. Advantages/Benefits to Society/Community:

1. Increase in standard of living of citizens.

2. Larger and Handsome Employment opportunities.

3. Development of Advertisement Industry viz., advertising firms / agencies, artists, writers, models, art designing.

4. Boon to Press, that is Newspapers, Magazines etc. as their income increases.

5. Encourages R & D.

6. Encourages Healthy Competition.

7. Educative, providing lot of information to people.

8. Provides new Horizon of knowledge.

The main reason is that advertisement benefits not only different sections of society but also the society as a whole. One can therefore also say that money spent on advertisement is an investment and not a waste.

Criticisms of Advertising:

Despite its various advantages, advertising has not been free from criticisms.

1. Burden upon Consumers:

Media of advertisement being costly, manufacturers have to spend huge amount on advertising. This ad spend adds to cost of production and increases cost per unit and finally the price of the product. Increased prices are a burden on consumer.

This criticism is not fully correct. Advertisement also raises demand for products, increases scale of production, brings economies of large scale production and thus finally decreases cost per unit and hence price.

2. Advertisement Creates Monopoly:

Advertising ultimately blocks other firms from entering an industry (barriers to entry) leading to market power for the firm and ultimately to higher prices. If sheer advertising volume expenditure is directly related to increased sales, small firms cannot afford it. This enables large-scale manufacturer to stay and enjoy monopoly.

However, advertisement also creates healthy competitive market for the products.

3. Advertisement Leads to Consumerism:

Advertising encourages excessive and at times unnecessary expenditure by consumers. Frequent and repeated advertising compels consumers to buy a product even when it does not suit him or is not needed.

4. Advertisement Leads to Luxurious Life:

Advertising luxurious goods is often done in a manner that consumers feel them necessary to buy. Such goods become status symbol. Consequently, people are made to live a luxurious life even when they cannot afford it

However, in so far as advertising offers wide choice in making their purchases, it improves their life style and raises their standard of living.

5. Advertisement is a Wastage:

Money spent on advertising is a wastage if demand for advertised goods and services does not increase.

This is however not necessarily so because very often, advertisement increases demand through wider coverage and new uses of product.

6. Advertisement Leads to Falsehood in Business:

Advertisements often mislead people, and at times exaggerate benefits of products or their attributes.

While it is true that some of the advertisements are untrue and fraudulent, this is not disadvantage of advertisement. Rather it is the advertiser who is to be blamed.

7. Advertisement Gives Birth to Social Evils:

Advertisement often gives birth to social evils like smoking, drinking etc.

Conclusion – While various criticisms are true, measures can be adopted to check these social evils.

1. Advertising stimulates production, employment and income, leading to rising purchasing power and better living standards.

2. Commercialization of inventions, accelerated public acceptance of innovations, new products, etc., can be realised only due to effective mass communication or advertising. Change is the essence of life. It can be brought about by science and technology but it has to be accepted by the public without much resistance. For quick acceptance of new products and new ideas we need advertising.

3. Informative advertising enables consumers to secure relevant and adequate information about all rival products and their relative merits. Thus, advertising helps consumers to exercise their right to choose and buy a product of service intelligently. We have a wide variety of goods many of them complicated and sophisticated. Hence, wise purchases demand adequate information flow.

4. Advertising facilitates mass production and mass distribution. We have, therefore, lesser unit cost of production as well as lesser unit cost of distribution. Scientific management reduces cost of production. Scientific marketing research ensures reduction in the cost of distribution.

Marketing research can be used to reduce the cost of all components of the marketing mix including advertising. Reduction in costs enables corresponding reduction in prices. Competition in business also ensures price reduction and fair prices. Thus, consumers enjoy all the benefits of effective advertising and marketing. They can have increasing real income also in terms of goods and services.

5. Advertising builds up brand preference and brand loyalty. In the long run these are not possible under keen competition unless the brand quality is maintained and steadily improved by the manufacturer. Thus, consumers can get not only goods at lower prices but also goods of standard quality and quantity.

6. Advertising has educative value also. It teaches us to adopt new ways of life and higher standard of living. It can educate the community to demand quantity of life, e.g., freedom from pollution.

Disadvantages of Advertisement:

1. Loading the Price:

Advertising is expected to reduce total costs due to mass production and mass distribution and ultimately enable consumers to buy at lower prices. Experience proves otherwise. In reality advertising increases the prices of goods.

National brands demand heavy expenditure on advertising and promotion and their prices are higher by about 20 per cent than the prices of dealer brand though products under both brands are manufactured by the same enterprise. There is some element of truth in this criticism. However, it is due to extreme product differentiation resorted to by manufacturers through branding and higher prices are due to element of monopoly.

2. Creating Wastes:

Advertising is wasteful. It can never appeal accurately to the target market like salesmanship. Many people may not read, hear or view your advertisement. Press, radio, and TV advertisements have short life span and relatively costly persuade unit of space or time.

Competitive advertisement is a waste as it enables only reshuffling of customers-one Company stealing customers from another. Measurement of effectiveness of all advertisement statistically is practically impossible. But research in advertising and distribution can enable a company to reduce waste of expenditure in advertising appreciably.

3. Monopoly:

A few firms in an industry do utilise the weapon of advertising to prevent entry of small firms in the market and thus advertising enables creation of monopoly or oligopoly in the market. It kills competition and to that extent consumers’ interest is sacrificed. Only giant manufacturers can afford to spend lavishly on extensive and intensive advertising to retain and even enlarge their market share.

However, if government can effectively control and regulate monopolistic tendencies, we can have reasonable competition in the market. We have to crush monopolies in the world of business to protect consumers against evils of monopolies.

4. Fraud on Consumers:

Some advertising is fraudulent, misleading or deceptive. Advertising causes us to buy goods, we do not want, at prices we cannot pay, and on terms we cannot meet. It is true that hard-sell, high pressure advertising does coerce the innocent and ignorant buyers to purchase many unwanted and shoddy goods. It is true that advertising often persuades people to buy things they should not buy, they do not need nor they can afford.

Public attitude toward advertising as a persuader is constantly unfavourable. This has been proved through opinion polls in the U.S.A in 1960s. Only self-regulation by business firms can ensure truthful advertising. The seller should ensure that his advertisements mean what they say and they say what they really mean. Consumer legislation can also prevent such abuses of advertising. Consumerism through self-help can also safeguard consumer interest against bogus advertising.

Marketing mix based on marketing concept (consumer-oriented marketing approach) can also reduce substantially these abuses of advertising. Marketing research and customer-centred marketing plans and policies can definitely provide judicious and best use of advertising, sales promotion and personal selling in our promotion mix.

Enlightened and scrupulous top marketing management can recognise consumerism not as an obstacle but challenge and primarily through self-regulation streamline the entire marketing process based on the new marketing concept, then only marketing communication complex (promotion mix) can deliver rich dividends and ensure bright public image of business concerns.

(1) Low cost per contact.

(2) Ability to reach potential visitors where sales staff cannot reach.

(3) Great scope for creative versatility and dramatization of messages.

(4) Ability to create images that sales staff cannot.

(5) Non-threatening nature of non-personal presentation.

(6) Prestige and impressiveness of mass media advertising.

(1) Inability to close sales.

(2) Advertising clutter or too much competition.

(3) Viewer visitor may ignore advertising messages

(4) Difficulties in getting immediate response and actions.

(5) Difficulties in getting quick feedback and in adjusting messages.

(6) Difficulties in measuring effectiveness.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Advertising – With Objections against Advertising

The importance of advertising is realised on all hands. In fact, advertising has already become such an integral part of our life that we never feel the need of pausing to consider its value and importance. There is no doubt about the fact that in the absence of advertising, our lives would have been lived very differently.

Such being the place of advertising in our life, it will be worthwhile to consider some of the important advantages of advertising here:

1. Advantages to Manufacturers :

There is justification in the adage, “it pays to advertise” because of the following advantages of advertising accruing to manufacturers:

(i) Increased Sales:

The chief object of the manufacturer in advertising his products is to promote the sale of his products. Goods produced on a mass scale are marketed by the method of mass persuasion through advertising. By repeating advertisements, the manufactures are not only able to retain existing markets but are also able to expand the markets both by attracting more people to their products as also by suggesting new uses for them. Advertising acts as an aid to selling.

(ii) Steady Demand:

Advertising has led to the smoothening cut of the seasonal fluctuations in demand for many products. The manufactures are generally trying to discover and advertise new possible uses to which a seasonal product may be put. The innovation of cold tea and cold coffee for the use during summer has helped in increasing the demand for these beverages even in that season. The same may be said for refrigeration.

(iii) Quick Turnover and Smaller Inventories:

A well-organised advertisement campaign creates a highly responsive market thereby facilitating quick turnover of the goods. This, in turn, results in lower inventories in relation to sales being carried on by the manufactures.

(iv) Greater Dealer Interest:

The retailers who deal in advertised goods are materially assisted by advertising in the performance of their functions. Advertising creates demand which every retailer gets an opportunity to share with others. The retailers have not to bother much about pushing up the sale of such products. So they evidence more interest in advertised products.

(v) Lower Costs:

Advertising provides a spur to the sale and increases the turnover tremendously. This is advantageous in two ways – on one side, the selling costs including the cost of advertising get spread over a large volume of sales, thus lowering the average cost of selling; while on the other side, higher turnover necessitates higher volume of production, thus lowering the average cost of production per unit.

(vi) Supplementing Salesmanship:

Advertising prepares the necessary ground for the efforts of the salesmen. When a salesman visits a prospect, he has just to canvass for a product with which the consumer may already have been familiarised through advertisements. Thus, the salesman’s efforts are supplemented and his task is made easier by advertising.

(vii) Creation of Goodwill:

By constantly associating the name of the manufacturer with certain standards of quality, advertising builds a fund of goodwill for him. Goodwill thus created is a valuable asset not merely because it enables him to get more and more of repeat orders for his existing products but also for the reason that the manufacturer can introduce new products in the market with confidence. The Godrej concerns have been able to sell the whole range of products ranging from oils to soap and from locks to typewriters mostly on the strength of their goodwill.

(viii) Encouragement to Better Performance:

Advertising gives the employees that feeling of pride in their jobs and the products they produce or help to produce, which is basic to high morale. It can, thus, inspire executives and workers to improved performance. Moreover, an advertiser may have built up a vast fund of goodwill which will serve as assurance of security to the employers. This will also serve to boost up the morale of the men working in the manufacturer’s organisation.

2. Advantages to Consumers :

(i) Facility of Purchasing:

Advertising makes purchasing easy for the consumers. Moreover, the resale prices (prices at which the goods are to be sold by the retailers) are generally fixed and advertised. Thus, advertising offers a definite and positive assurance to the consumer that he will not be overcharged for the advertised product. The consumer can make his purchases with utmost ease and confidence.

(ii) Improvement in Quality:

Goods are generally advertised under brand names. When a person is moved by the advertisement to use the product, he proceeds on the hope that the articles of the particular brand will be better than the other brands of the same goods. If his experience confirms his expectation, a repeat order can be expected.

Otherwise, the sales may rise very high once but may drop down very low subsequently when the consumer’s confidence in the quality of the product is shaken. The manufacturer is thus prompted to maintain and, if possible, improve the quality of his brand so that the confidence of the consumers can be maintained.

(iii) Elimination of Unnecessary Intermediaries:

By advertising his goods, a manufacturer may seek to establish direct contacts with the consumers. In this process, the number of middlemen whose profits increase the price and reduce the manufacturer’s margin of profits may be considerably reduced. This will mean large profits for the manufacturer and cheaper products for the consumers.

(iv) Education of Consumers:

There is considerable truth in Sir William Leverhulm’s remark that advertising is an educational and dynamic principle. Advertising aims at educating the buyers about new products and their diverse uses. In this process, it introduces new ways of life to the people at large and prompts them to give up their old habits and inertia. Advertising thus paves the way to better standards of living.

(v) Consumer’s Surplus:

Advertising increases the utility of given commodities for many people. It points out and emphasizes the qualities possessed by certain goods and leads consumers to appreciate more strongly the utility of such goods. As a result, the consumers may be willing to pay even more for certain products which appear to have higher utility to them.

If these products are available at the original lower prices, there will naturally be a certain amount of consumer’s surplus in terms of increased satisfaction or pleasure derived from these products.

3. Benefits to Society :

(i) Sustaining the Press:

When advertising made its beginning, advertisements generally occupied some odd nooks and corners in the newspapers. The present situation is just the reverse. The newspapers, periodicals, journals, nay the whole press, look to advertisements for support and sustenance.

In the absence of income from advertising, the newspapers have to be produced at a higher cost and may not be able to keep themselves free from party pulls and pressures from business lords.

(ii) Encouragement to Research:

The manufacturers will undertake research and discover new products or new uses for existing products only when they are assured of sufficient profits. Advertising provides this assurance and thus encourages industrial research with all its advantages.

(iii) Change in Motivation:

Advertising has radically changed the basis of human motivation. While people of earlier generations lived and worked mainly for bare necessities of life, the modern generation works harder to supply itself with the luxuries and semi-luxuries of life.

Advertising has brought to the notice of the masses numerous products which are more than mere necessities and has created in their minds a desire to possess them. Thus, the motive force of fear (or going without the bare essentials of life) has been replaced by desire (for more and newer products).

(iv) Higher Standards of Living:

Advertising leads to a rise in the standards of living, not only through the education of the buyers but also through greater consumption, increased production and a larger volume of employment.

(v) Encouragement to Artists:

Men of talent, including artists, story writers, announcers, etc., get an opportunity to do some creative work while earning their livelihood through the designing of advertisements and the use of ideas in advertising various products.

(vi) Glimpse of National Life:

Advertising does provide a glimpse of a country’s way of life. It is, in fact, a running commentary on the way the people live and behave and is also an indicator of some of the future trends in this regard.

Objections against Advertising :

Advertising has also been subjected to a number of objections mainly because it has been misused by some people to serve their own ends, overlooking the business interests. An examination of some of the forceful objections will be of interest.

(i) Multiplication of Needs.

It is said that advertising compels people to buy things they do not need. Human instincts, like desire to possess, to be recognised in the society, etc., are provoked in order to sell products. Sometimes, various types of appeals are advanced to arouse interest in the product. Sentiments and emotions are played with to gain customers. To say this would not however, be correct inasmuch as advertising cannot force anybody to buy a thing which he considers unnecessary.

(ii) Misrepresentation of Facts:

Through misrepresentation of the benefit a product will give, goods of no real value are sold. Tall claims are made by the advertisers to tempt people to take such actions as go purely to their advantage and cause tremendous loss to the consumer. Even adulterated food and medicines are marketed, which by no stretch of imagination can benefit anybody.

By sheer exaggeration of facts, demand for the merchandise advertised is created without much difficulty even when the commodities carrying greater worth or satisfaction are already there in the market. Such unscrupulous actions of a few tell upon public confidence in advertising.

(iii) Consumers’ Deficit:

While advertising leads to increased satisfaction from commodities already in use, it also creates discontent in the minds of many people who are tempted to purchase some commodities but are not able to do so because of insufficient purchasing power. Such discontent is obviously not very desirable from the point of view of society, particularly if it affects a large majority of people. But it is important if it acts as a spin to social change.

(iv) Wastage of National Resources:

A more serious objection against advertising is that it is used to destroy the utility of goods before the end of their normal period of usefulness. New models of automobiles with nominal improvements are, for instance, advertised at such high pressure that the old models have to be discarded long before they become useless.

Not that merely, the most-advertised products are delicate, fragile and brittle. In the U.S A., there is evidence of a marked decline in the quality and durability of cars, furniture, rugs, television sets, refrigerators, etc. That appears to be the way in which the increased demand created through advertising can be sustained.

The same is true of dresses, furniture and other products. From the point of view of the community it is a waste of resources. The natural resources, capital equipment and labour energy which go into the production of new items to take the place of the discarded ones amount to waste when measured in terms of social well-being.

(v) Increased Cost:

There is a great deal of controversy as to whether advertising leads to increase in the cost which the community has to pay for a product. In a sense it is true since expenses on it form a part of the total cost of the product. But at the same time it would be wrong to infer that if the advertising costs were cut down the goods would necessarily be cheaper.

Advertising is, no doubt, one of the items of costs but it is a cost which brings savings in its wake on the distribution side. On manufacturing side, it is one of the factors that make large-scale production possible and anyone would agree that large-scale production leads to lower costs.

It is quite usual for the small non-advertiser retailer to say, “We don’t advertise—we put the cost of advertising into the goods.” But it is often nothing more than an attempt to justify his “side street location, the quality of his goods and his high price.” In fact, if comparisons are made between advertisers and non-advertisers, it will usually be found that the merchants who advertise have larger stores and lower prices than those who do not advertise.

Sears, Roebuck and Co., is one of the heaviest advertisers of the U.S.A. spending over $16 million a year for newspaper advertising alone and, in addition, $30 million or more on other forms of advertising including catalogues. In spite of such a heavy expense on advertisement, the Company is known for its low prices.

In fact the history of American business is full of examples of such industries as have lowered prices and supplied better quality while spending millions of dollars for advertising. This has been possible because advertising has raised the volume of their sales tremendously thus bringing about a number of economies in production and selling.

(vi) The ‘Monopoly Argument’:

An objection which is most commonly raised against advertising is that it tends to develop monopolies. As it is, most advertising is devoted to the promotion of branded merchandise. The manufacturer usually chooses a particular brand name or trade mark for his product and uses advertising to create an impression on the mind of the consumer that his brand or product is superior to all other brands.

Through constant repetition of the brand name and its qualities, the manufacturers may ultimately succeed in creating the desired ‘brand image’ in the mind of the prospect. Although the particular ‘brand’ may be similar to another brand in all respects including physical construction, yet the similarity is concealed from the public by the use of an exclusive name and illusion is created that it is superior to the competing brands.

This gives rise to a ‘brand monopoly’. On reflection, however, it will be found that this kind of monopoly will be based upon a control of human attitudes, and it will not give the manufacturer a monopolistic control over the supply of goods or services which are similar in everything but name.

Besides, brand monopoly created through large-scale advertising will provide only slight power to increase prices. The moment prices are increased substantially in the wake of a brand monopoly; rival companies may rush into the market with lower-priced product and may use extensive advertising to push its sales. This may be followed, in course of time, by a shift of choice on the part of the consumers.

A brand monopoly secured through expenditure on advertising does not necessarily give the manufacturer an effective monopoly of particular industry. The Golden Tobacco Company has a monopoly of Panama brand of cigarettes but not of the whole cigarette industry.

Even in those cases, where the popularity of a brand places the manufacturer in a position of near- monopoly, the competitors generally use advertising to break his hold on consumers’ attitudes secured through advertising.

It may be concluded that advertising can create temporary brand monopolies which are abolished through competitive advertising -by other manufacturers. Even these short-lived monopolies are more useful for increasing sales than for increasing prices and profit margins. As Heppner aptly points out, “Advertising stimulates competition. It often enables the small businessman to compete with large concerns as well as to start new business.”

Though one cannot entirely turn one’s face away from the objections which are raised against advertising, it is clear that much of the criticism is either ill-founded or exaggerated. Fundamentally most of the drawbacks attributed to advertising are inherent in the competitive system of economy.

The social wastage involved in the struggle for more markets as between brands of a product is, for example, a basic feature of the competitive market economy. As Sandage puts it, “As a competitive tool, advertising is perhaps less costly than many other tools which will be used to a greater degree if advertising were banned.”

He obviously refers to the personal selling and the giving of greater dealer’s margins to the retailers which might be used in place of advertising. Either of them would be costlier for the society.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Advertising – As a Promotional Tool

Strengths of advertising:.

Advertising is a major promotion tool.

It has the following basic plus points or strengths as a promotion tool:

(1) It offers planned and controlled message.

(2) It can contact and influence numerous people simultaneously, quickly, and at a low cost per prospect. Hence, it is called mass means of communication.

(3) It has the ability to deliver messages to audiences with particular demographic and socio-economic features.

(4) It can deliver the same message consistently in a variety of contexts.

(5) It can reach prospects that cannot be approached by salesmen, e.g., top executives.

(6) It helps to pre-sell goods and pull the buyers to retailers.

(7) It offers a wide choice of channels for transmission of messages such as visual, aural, aural and visual.

(8) It is very useful to create maximum interest and offer adequate knowledge of the new product when the innovation is being introduced in the market.

Weaknesses of Advertising:

Advertising as a promotion tool has the following weaknesses:

(1) It is much less effective than personal selling and sales promotion at later stages in the buying process, e.g., in convincing and securing action.

(2) It is less flexible than personal communication. It cannot answer objections raised by prospects.

(3) It is essentially one-way means of communication. It cannot obtain quick and accurate feedback in order to evaluate message effectiveness. In absence of feedback, personal salesmen becomes necessary.

(4) It is most efficient communication (very low cost persuasion prospect) but it is least effective as a tool of communication.

(5) It is unable to reach prospects when they are in a buying mood. Hence, we have to repeat advertisements and repetition involves additional cost.

(6) Advertising media, e.g., newspapers, magazines, carry many messages competing to secure attention of audience simultaneously. Thus, it creates noise in communication.

(7) Advertising, many a time, lacks credibility and trustworthiness.

Many of the aforesaid weaknesses can be eliminated by other elements of promotion when they are combined with advertising.

Related Articles:

• Shape of the Advertising Cost Curve (With Diagram)
• Advertising: Subject-Matter and Rule of Thumb (With Diagram)
• Advantages and Disadvantages of Small-Scale Production
• Use of Machineries: Advantages and Disadvantages | Production | Economics

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Advertisement : Meaning, Advantages & Disadvantages – Essay, Speech, Article

Advertisement : meaning, advantages & disadvantages – essay, speech, article, advertisement meaning.

Advertisement Defination: Advertisements in a simple sense are drawing the attention of the general public to a product, service, event or idea through different marketing mediums and advertising is an activity or profession of producing advertisements for commercial products and services . The advertisement has a great impact on the audience which creates an urge in them to buy a particular product or service though it is subjective. The advertisement is the lifeblood of any business. It is a very well known fact that it depends on how creatively the advertisement is designed though it cannot be said that advertisements are the sole concern when it comes to sales. It is just a part of marketing strategy. Advertisement regardless of being online or offline if they don’t catch the attention of the public then the entire expenditure turns out to be a waste.

Advantages Of Advertisement (Benefits & Pros)

There are advantages of advetisements which is not hidden by anyone. Advertisement creates the market for products, goods and services. In a competitive market advertisement play a significant role in increasing the sales of the particular product. It creates awareness among the general public about it’s existence and also about it’s rates, discounts and various other  advertisements advantages as well. It lures the customer to buy it and also helps them to compare the rates and quality of homogeneous products. The mediums of advertising like television, newspaper, magazines, pamphlets, applications and through other various means also earn a lot for broadcasting or publishing it. The main motto of advertising is giving knowledge to the public about the existence and nature of the product to create it’s market. It doesn’t just help to marketing managers or agents but also to the public by helping them to gain knowledge about new products or the editions in the old products.

Disadvantages Of Advertisement (Demerits, Drawbacks & Cons)

The advertisement may have many advantages but as every coin has two sides so is with this, as there are some disadvantages of advertisements as well. Many advertisements misleads people to buy their product which sometimes is harmful in some or the other way, doesn’t give the quality or type of product that is promised in advertise, luring customers by discounts but offering them degraded quality are few examples of the adverse effects of advertisement . They also try to promote inferior quality goods. Many times distorted version of reality is shown in advertises confusing and at the same time encouraging them to buy it. Some advertisements uses ill language or objectional pictures which are not accepted by the society. Cases are also filed even for the taglines that do not hold true, one of it’s prominent example is Redbull. Everyone knows that having any energy drink will not result in giving you wings, but there are few out of many who get misguided by such taglines as well.

Control Measures To Reduce The Demerits of Advertisements

There are no plotted points or ideas about how you control the demerits of advertisement because they are beyond control but still there are things which a consumer can do by himself. The cons of advertisements mainly consist of something which in simple words can be said as fooling the consumers. Consumers can file complaints under consumer protection act if they do not get the quality as promised. They can get more awareness through social media and other sources so that they do not get trapped by misleading advertisements . Print media and visual media both have it’s demerits which can be removed by gaining more knowledge about the product or service and also being aware is necessary.

Quotes on Advertisements

“A Good Advertisement Is One Which Sells The Product Without Drawing Attention To Itself.”

“Creative without strategy is called ‘art’ and creative with strategy is called ‘advertising’.”

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Ultimate Guide to IELTS Advantages Disadvantages Essays

11 min read

Updated On Apr 12, 2024

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We have all made a list of pros and cons when faced with a difficult decision. An advantages disadvantages essay in IELTS Writing is kind of like an organized pros and cons list.

In this article, we will go over the structure of Task 2 advantages and disadvantages, how to write an advantages and disadvantages essay and go over a few IELTS sample essays of this type.

Understanding the Question and Structure of the IELTS Advantages Disadvantages Essay 

The IELTS advantages disadvantages essay is a question type you will come across in IELTS Writing Task 2 .

You will be asked to write about the benefits and drawbacks of the topic given. It can be worded in different ways. Let’s see some examples.

• At the present time, the population of some countries includes a relatively large number of young adults, compared with the number of older people. Do the advantages of this situation outweigh the disadvantages?
• Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of mobile phones in our daily lives.
• Some companies and organizations require their employees to wear uniforms. What are the advantages and disadvantages of wearing a uniform?
• A lot of places in the world rely on tourism as a main source of income. Unfortunately, tourism can also be a source of problems if it is not managed correctly. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of tourism in the modern world. Do you think that the benefits of tourism outweigh its drawbacks?
• What are the pros and cons for children watching television? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant example from your knowledge or experience.
• Globalization has both advantages and disadvantages. Discuss both and give your opinion.

Discussing the Question of Advantages and Disadvantages Essay IELTS

In some questions of Task 2 Advantages and Disadvantages essay, you will be asked to share your opinion. However, in most cases, discussing the pros and cons/benefits and drawbacks/advantages and disadvantages is enough.

The first part of the question for advantage and disadvantage essays in IELTS Writing Task 2 will always be a statement. In the second part, you will get to know whether you have to discuss only the benefits and drawbacks or add your opinion along with it. So, no need to worry!

As you can see in the image above, the first question asks you to share your opinion, whereas in the second, you will have to discuss the advantages and disadvantages.

Structure of the IELTS Advantages Disadvantages Essay

The IELTS Essay writing task is quite challenging as it requires you to write an essay on an unseen topic from any walk of life – it can range from social issues to environmental discourse. To make it easy, you can practice  advantage and disadvantage essay topics  based on the following structure breakdown.

• Paraphrase the question statement.
•  State what the following paragraphs will discuss.
• Mention your viewpoint (if asked in the question)
• Discuss the advantages.
• Explain the benefits with examples in 2-3 sentences.
• Discuss the disadvantages.
• Explain the drawbacks with examples in 2-3 sentences.
• Summarize the benefits and drawbacks discussed in the essay.

Remember that there is no right or wrong structure for  advantages and disadvantages writing task 2 . However, if you use this, it will enable you to plan your essay in no time during the exam.

Join us in our IELTS webinars to learn tricks to handle IELTS Writing Task 2 essays!  Explore Now!

How to Plan Your Task 2 Advantages and Disadvantages Essay?

The planning for writing any essay type in IELTS Writing Task 2 requires around 5 minutes.

The process covers essential aspects such as analysis of the question, organization of the points to be included, identifying relevant vocabulary, and understanding the  marking criteria  to obtain a good  band score .

The following points will provide a concise guide on how to plan your answer for the advantages and disadvantages of essays in IELTS academic writing task 2 and save some time to revise your response.

• To answer the advantages disadvantages essay questions in IELTS Writing Task 2, first you have to identify the keywords and instructions in the question to discuss the positives and negatives of the statement.
• Plan your structure, including your main arguments, advantages, and disadvantages, to present your answer in a well-structured manner.
• Take at least 10 minutes to analyze and understand the given statement and evaluate its pros and cons.
• Organize your thoughts and provide a clear and concise response.
• Using appropriate writing task 2 vocabulary and phrases (lexical resource) is important. But avoid stuffing too many words into irrelevant places.
• Ensure that your response remains relevant to the given topic.
• Understand the IELTS writing band descriptors like Task Response, Coherence and cohesion, Lexical resource, Grammatical range and accuracy to obtain a  high band score .

How to Write an Advantages Disadvantages Essay for IELTS Writing Task 2?

Once you have planned your advantage and disadvantage essay for Writing Task 2, it is time to write down your answer.

Writing The Essay Introduction

The first thing that you have to do is to write an introduction for an advantages disadvantages essay.

• Your introduction should paraphrase the topic of the essay and try to use different vocabulary/synonyms for the words in the topic, wherever possible.
• Then, give a brief idea about what could be expected in the essay, i.e. the advantages and the disadvantages of the concerned topic.
• Finally, state which side you think weighs the most (when asked for an opinion.)

Body Paragraphs for Advantages And Disadvantages Essay IELTS

Although there is no strict rule about the number of paragraphs forIELTS essays, it is better to limit the number to two. It will not only help you to follow the word count but also keep your essay concise.

Body Paragraph 1 

• It should state the advantage/s of the topic.
• This should be backed by practical points, and the examples would be even better.
• Day-to-day incidents and instances can be brought to notice.

Body Paragraph 2 

• It should state the disadvantage/s of the topic.
• This as well should be supported by valid points, and the daily incidents and examples can be highlighted to back your points.

How To Write An Essay Conclusion?

You should conclude the topic by providing a summary of the points put forth in the entire essay and how the advantages or disadvantages of the topic outweigh the other (if applicable).

• Make sure to end the essay with a well rounded conclusion.
• Link your ideas discussed in the essay to ensure cohesion and coherence.
• The question/s along with the essay statement should be answered.

To help you to understand this type of essay better, given below are some essential essay vocabulary you must know as well as a sample essay with a detailed outline. We’ve provided you with ample IELTS advantages and disadvantages essay topics to help you hone your essay writing skills.

IELTS Essay Vocabulary

A strong command of  vocabulary  is crucial for writing an effective advantages disadvantages essay in IELTS Writing Task 2.

Your proficiency in English language vocabulary will be evident in how expertly you can select the most suitable expressions to convey precise meanings. Diversifying your vocabulary will enable you to incorporate a greater variety of words in your essays. However, it is important to note that overusing uncommon words and phrases can reduce the relevance of your answer.

Wondering the Trick to Score a Band 8 in Writing Task 2?  Know the Secret!

Tips for Mastering Advantages and Disadvantages Essay

Writing an essay on IELTS advantage disadvantage essay topics needs careful preparation and planning. Here are some tips that you can use to write a high quality essay:

• Understand the Question:  Make sure you understand the question and what is expected of you before you begin writing. Decide which advantages and disadvantages you need to talk about and if you need to share your opinion.
• Generate Ideas:  Spend a few minutes identifying the benefits and drawbacks of the selected subject. List the main ideas and instances you’ll utilize to support your claims.
• Structure Your Essay:  Write your essay with a logical and obvious structure. Begin with an introduction that briefly summarizes your key points and states the subject. After that, give each benefit and drawback a paragraph of its own, and then wrap up by summarizing your points in the conclusion.
• Use Linking Words:  To connect your thoughts and create a smooth writing flow, use a range of linking words and phrases, like “furthermore,” “however,” “on the other hand,” and “in conclusion.”
• Support Your Points:  Give particular instances, figures, or anecdotes to back up each benefit and drawback you discuss. This will improve the persuasiveness of your arguments and raise your score.
• Plan your Time Effectively:  During the exam, manage your time well. Plan your essay for a few minutes, then concentrate on creating paragraphs that are precise and to the point. At the conclusion, give yourself some time to review and make any required changes.
• Practice is the Key to Success:  It is the ultimate truth. The more you practice, the more you will become efficient in planning, organizing and structuring your advantages disadvantages essay for IELTS Writing Task 2. So, take up more  writing practice tests  and make the best use of them.

Ensure you’re using the right structure for IELTS Advantages and Disadvantages Essays!

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Advantages and Disadvantages IELTS Essay Questions and Sample Answers

Given below are some sample questions for the advantages and disadvantages type of essay and band 9 methodologies of answering them.

Sample Question 1

Sample answer.

Foreign education has become one of the most sought-after ventures in this day and age. A majority of students plan on pursuing higher education in a foreign nation, especially when it comes to a master’s degree. One of the reasons why studying abroad has become such a popular phenomenon is the relaxation of travel laws and procedures across the world. However, there are pros and cons to studying abroad and the following paragraphs will explore the topic and elaborate on why the advantages outweigh the disadvantages.

One of the primary reasons for studying abroad is the presence of a more refined and sophisticated education system in several first-world countries. It is common for students from underdeveloped or developing countries like Brazil, China, India, Argentina and other countries to look for better opportunities than the ones available in their native country in terms of academics. Also, residing in a foreign country helps individuals to gain international exposure and also helps them develop social and interpersonal skills, which are extremely important for being eligible for lucrative job opportunities.

Nevertheless, there are numerous drawbacks to travelling abroad for education. First of all, from the beginning of applying to a foreign university to staying in the host country for the entire duration of your degree, it is an exorbitant affair. Such a costly endeavour is often unaffordable for the household of many people. That being said, becoming accustomed to the norms and conventions of an unfamiliar country can be a tough ordeal for many due to differences in culture and social traditions.

Finally, I would like to conclude by saying that foreign education can be a blessing if it is financially feasible for aspiring students. That being said, the benefits of studying abroad surpass the drawbacks for the same.

Check Out –  How to Plan an IELTS Writing Task 2 Essay (Best Strategy)

Sample Question 2

Globalization has been one of the most significant phenomena in the last few decades, and it has changed several aspects of human society both economically and socially. There has been remarkable progress in terms of economic and financial development for developing countries due to the expansion of global organizations. However, there are several drawbacks to this rapid progress that need to be addressed. Evidently, globalization has more advantages than disadvantages and the following paragraphs will elaborate on the topic and justify these views.

First of all, the most advantageous aspect of globalization is the advent of numerous international companies and franchises in developing countries. Ever since global brands and corporations have expanded their operations in countries such as India, China, Sri Lanka and many more, there has been a notable increase in employment in these countries. Additionally, due to the remarkable rise in the number of imports and exports, people from third world countries now have access to a vast catalogue of products and services that were previously unattainable.

That being said, there are drawbacks to globalization that create concerning issues for a sizable portion of the global population. One of the most disturbing consequences faced is the exploitation of labour. Many corporations are known to outsource their operations to developing countries due to cheap labour costs. This enables them to accomplish their manufacturing operations without having to provide proper remuneration. Also, due to the use of inexpensive labour, the quality of products is diminished, and customers receive inferior products.

In conclusion, there is no doubt that the effects of globalization are not entirely positive or negative. Nonetheless, the benefits brought by this occupation outweigh the drawbacks.

Practice Advantages Disadvantages Essays IELTS with IELTSMaterial

There is no doubt that you are preparing for the IELTS Writing Task 2. So, we would recommend you to take up advantage and disadvantage essay topics regularly. The more you practice, the better you will become at solving the IELTS Writing test and answers within the dedicated timeframe.

Check out our  well-reviewed IELTS Writing study guide , which includes self-explanatory lessons and sample answers. If you need more guidance, don’t hesitate to  contact our IELTS specialists . Make the necessary preparations to improve your score on the IELTS Speaking test and get a Band 8+.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is an advantage/disadvantage essay? How do you identify that the essay falls under this category?

Is it mandatory to put advantages and disadvantages separately in two paragraphs or can I club them?

In case of questions where advantages outweigh disadvantages, I might have to write disadvantages first. Will it affect my score?

Do I have to write more than one point for advantages and disadvantages essays for IELTS Writing?

When can I note down the voc

What will happen if I write the exact question statement of the advantages disadvantages essay topic?

What is the importance of the topic sentence of an advantages disadvantages essay?

Is it mandatory to follow the word limit given with the IELTS advantages and disadvantages essay?

What can I do if my IELTS advantages and disadvantages essay is less than 250 words?

Is there any upper limit for word count for IELTS advantages and disadvantages essay?

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10 comments.

Ashlin Devi

Posted on Oct 5, 2023

Nowdays, technologies are in high demand. People are possessed with their own computers and cell phones, so it is quite easy for them to do their job at home. Even though it is acknowledged with several points that working from home is quite easier, the essay will argue that the drawbacks of working from home will outweigh its strength. The main disadvantages are ineffective communication and the relationship amongst people becoming distant. First of all, people need internet to communicate. The internet connectivity is very poor at times, especially in the remote areas. Furthermore, during virtual meetings, discussion gets difficult due to connection issues where meeting is not worthwhile since no voice or no video. Moreover, working from home gives distance amongst people where you will not be able to have interact with colleague. Face-to-face discussion is very important where you get to work more effectively and efficiently. On the other hand, working from home is indeed benefit. People do not have to travel to reach work. The time which are spend on travelling, can be utilized on other activities such as house cores, leisure activities or even can work extra hours to meet the given deadline. Furthermore, people get flexibility in working hours, since there are no superior workers supervising employee. To conclude, there are some strengths on working from home but drawbacks overweigh strengths since working from home is not as easy task as people think since ineffective communication and people interaction is very important.

ria mahajan

Posted on Oct 6, 2023

Overall Band 5.5 Main ideas are relevant, but some are insufficiently developed and lack clarity, while some supporting arguments and evidences are missing for the question.Simple vocabulary is used accurately but the range does not permit much variation in expression.A mix of simple and complex sentence forms is used but flexibility is limited. For detailed analysis,you can avail a Free trial class Find the link below: https://ieltsmaterial.com/signup-1/ or you may reach out to us: +91 8929053019

Posted on May 15, 2023

More students prefer foreign colleges and universities. Although studying abroad is costly, a concerning drawback, the global exposure a student gets is the primary benefit that outweighs any disadvantage. On the one hand, pursuing education abroad is quite expensive, which is the primary concern. The tuition fee in the universities of developed countries is relatively high, and it is challenging for a student from an average financial background to afford it. Furthermore, people need to find part-time jobs to handle their daily expenditures. For example, a study by the University of Dubai revealed a drop of 25% in the enrolment of international students in the year 2023 compared to 2022 among the Gulf nations due to an increase in college fees. However, many universities provide scholarships to merit students, and youth can get global exposure which is of considerable significance. The primary benefit of choosing foreign universities is that the pupils get excellent global exposure. In many developed nations, the education system is quite advanced and leans towards practical knowledge than textbook learning. Moreover, people can build a strong network with locals which helps them in their professional careers. For instance, one of my friends, Ravi, who runs a garment business, is able to expand his work abroad due to the exposure he got while pursuing his master’s in abroad and the network he built during his education period. This is why youth prefer foreign universities. In conclusion, although studying abroad is quite expensive, the undisputed benefit of getting global exposure surpasses any hindrance.

Posted on Dec 3, 2022

“Nowadays online shopping becomes more popular than in-store shopping. Is it a positive or a negative development? Give your reasons and examples.” Isn’t this an opinion question though you have categorized it under advantages and disadvantages? I believe we have to describe only one aspect in our body paragraphs rather than describing both positive and negative aspects?

Posted on May 29, 2022

Nowadays, studying abroad is a new trend among students. Undoubtedly, there are positive and negative aspects of studying in a foreign country. However, the benefits of attending colleges and universities in a foreign country outweigh the drawbacks. The next couple of paragraphs will explain the topic and justify these viewpoints.

To begin with, studying abroad has several advantages for students. For instance, a student who is studying in a foreign country will probably improve language skills better than others. Learning a foreign language is extremely significant in a global environment. Moreover, living outside of a home country will enhance students’ worldview thanks to the culture of the host country. Therefore, it can be said that studying abroad paws the way for great career options.

However, there are undesired sides to education in a foreign state. One of them is education expenditure. Studying abroad might be expensive. Thus, it might lead to a huge economic burden for both student and his family. When a student moves to another country for education, he must face several challenges caused by living alone. For instance, some students might have some psychological problems during the first couple of weeks following their move. It can be claimed that being homesick is a common problem among young students.

In conclusion, having a graduate degree from a foreign country has both negative and positive sides. Although there are significant advantages, the benefits of studying abroad surpass the drawbacks for the same.

Posted on May 30, 2022

Band Score – 6

Concentrate on the correct usage of quantifiers and subject-verb agreement.

In some places words are used incorrectly, pay attention to them.

Use C2 level of words.

Purnima Koli

Posted on Oct 25, 2021

Parents tend to give the children better resources as compared to their own childhood. This way they also feel compensated in the process while bringing up their own child. While having a huge collection of toys to play with is not all that bad, at the same time can lead to some issues.

Firstly, having a diversity in the range of toys have multiple benefits. The child can learn how to manage or organize better. Varied exposure to different themes of toys makes one more aware.

Secondly, sharing can also develop social skills among the child’s friend circle. To get hands-on-experience with toys such as Rubix’s cube, puzzles hone mental capacity of the kid. Similarly, educational and infotainment toys help shape likes and dislikes, opinions, communication skills. Thus, caters to holistic development which is often a cause of worry for parents.

On the other hand, if the child is given more and more, this may result in losing the value of individual toy. Not only is this expenditure wasteful but also teaching consumerist tendencies to the child. Perhaps unconsciously the child stops valuing his toys and takes them for granted in desire for more.

To have enough needs to be inculcated rather than frivolous costs being incurred. The parents need to be also mindful of teaching holistic habits like outdoor games, reading, painting apart from playing with toys for all round development.

Having many toys is also burdensome when it comes to maintenance. If that could be sorted then it’s much easier to assemble and play as per the child’s convenience. Gifting once in a while is a good option to keep the spirits of the child happy.

Posted on Nov 13, 2021

If you would have presented this same as a 4 paragraph structure and added the conclusion you would have score 7 easily.

Overall band: 5

Coherence: It is better to follow a 4 paragraph structure so that it is easy for the examiner to mark you for coherence. Conclusion is missing in your essay. Conclusion is where you sum up and restate points.

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Hướng dẫn làm Chủ đề Advertising – IELTS Writing Task 2

Như các bạn đã biết, ở bài thi IELTS Writing Task 2, chúng ta sẽ được yêu cầu viết một bài luận nêu lên quan điểm cá nhân về những vấn đề trong cuộc sống như là học tập, nghề nghiệp, nông thôn, thành thị, thể thao, giải trí,… Ở bài viết này, chúng mình chia sẻ với các bạn những thông tin cũng như kinh nghiệm đối với đề bài nói về chủ đề Quảng Cáo (Advertising) bạn nhé!

Tổng quan về chủ đề Advertising trong IELTS Writing Task 2

Advertising (Quảng cáo) là một chủ đề thường được đề cập đến trong các bài thi IELTS Writing Task 2 trong những năm gần đây. Nội dung chủ yếu của các câu hỏi trong chủ đề này xoay quanh những vấn đề sau:

Ảnh hưởng của quảng cáo sai sự thật đến người tiêu dùng;

Ảnh hưởng của việc quảng cáo quá nhiều;

Ảnh hưởng của quảng cáo đến giới trẻ;

Sự cạnh tranh trong quảng cáo.

Những câu hỏi về chủ đề Advertising là những câu hỏi mang tính thời sự, đòi hỏi các thí sinh phải có sự phân tích kỹ lưỡng vấn đề được đề cập ở đề bài để tránh đưa ra những quan điểm chung chung hoặc không liên quan.

Bạn phải hiểu câu hỏi trước khi cố gắng trả lời. Bằng cách này, bạn sẽ biết chính xác những gì giám khảo đang tìm kiếm. Một trong những sai lầm lớn nhất của học sinh là không trả lời đầy đủ câu hỏi, điều này khiến các em không đạt được điểm cao hơn Band 5. https://www.ieltsadvantage.com/writing-task-2/

Vậy thì làm sao để có thể phân tích vấn đề một cách kỹ lưỡng kể cả khi bạn không hề có kinh nghiệm hay nhiều kiến thức chuyên môn về quảng cáo? Đó là hãy đọc, đọc thật nhiều các bài mẫu, các ý tưởng để tạo nên một nguồn vốn ý tứ về chủ đề này cho bản thân. Cùng chúng mình xem qua những ý tưởng và bài mẫu cho chủ đề này ở dưới nhé!

Ý tưởng Advantages/ Positive Effects của Advertising

Advertisements help companies to tell customers about their products and services;

Advertisements inform us about the choices we have;

The advertising industry employs many people => creates employment;

Advertisements are often funny, artistic or thought-provoking => entertaining.

Ý tưởng về Disadvantages/ Negative Effects của Advertising

Advertisers aim to convince us that buying things leads to happiness, which may be exaggerated or even distorted;

We are persuaded to follow the latest trends and fashions => buy unnecessary things;

Children can be easily influenced by advertisements => Some advertisements with inappropriate content may be harmful to the development of children;

Pressure on their parents by pestering or nagging from children to buy things.

Ý tưởng về những xu hướng ra đề Advertising và các ý kiến về Advertising

Advertising should be regulated by governments;

Advertisements that target children should be banned;

Packaging for junk food should display clear health warnings;

Overall, advertising is necessary but it needs to be controlled.

Xu hướng ra đề về Advertising

Censorship, control and freedom of speech;

Advertising methods;

Children and advertising;

Media and Technology.

Một số đề và bài IELTS Writing mẫu về chủ đề Advertising

1. Nowadays a large amount of advertising is aimed at children. Some people think this can have negative effects on children and should be banned. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

2. Some people say that advertising is extremely successful at persuading us to buy things. Other people think that advertising is so common that we no longer pay attention to it. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

3. If a product is good and meets customer needs, then people will buy it and advertising is unnecessary. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

4. Research has shown that overeating is as harmful as smoking. Therefore, the advertising of certain food products should be banned in the same way as the advertising of cigarettes is banned. Do you agree or disagree?

5. Consumers are faced with increasing numbers of advertisements from competing companies. To what extent do you think consumers are influenced by advertisements? What measures can be taken to protect them? – 8/4/2017

6. A ban on all forms of advertising is beneficial to society because it serves no useful purpose, and can even be damaging. Do you agree or disagree? – 30/3/2017

Câu hỏi thường gặp

Gợi ý phần thi IELTS Writing Task 2: Quảng cáo là gì?

Quảng cáo là 1 phương tiện giúp các nhãn hàng giao tiếp với khách hàng, người sử dụng sản phẩm, dịch vụ của mình. Thông qua quảng cáo, nhãn hàng sẽ thể hiện thông điệp của mình về sản phẩm, dịch vụ với mục đích tăng sự ảnh hưởng đến công chúng, nhất là khách hàng mục tiêu. Từ đó thúc đẩy hành động mua hàng, sử dụng dịch vụ và nâng cao độ phổ biến của thương hiệu.

Gợi ý bài viết IELTS: Ưu điểm và nhược điểm của quảng cáo là gì?

Về ưu điểm:

Quảng cáo giúp thúc đẩy doanh số bán hàng

Quảng cáo giúp thương hiệu tăng khả năng cạnh tranh với những đối thủ khác trong nghề

Quảng cáo giúp nhãn hàng xây dựng cảm tình với khách hàng.

Về nhược điểm:

Quá lạm dụng quảng cáo có thể khiến hình ảnh thương hiệu trở nên tiêu cực trong mắt công chúng

Gây tốn kém, tăng chi phí đầu tư vào quảng cáo cho công ty

Nhiều khi quảng cáo còn khiến người tiêu dùng mua những sản phẩm, dịch vụ mà họ không cần đến

Thi viết IELTS: 4 yếu tố chính làm nên 1 quảng cáo tốt là gì?

Thiết kế của quảng cáo đẹp mắt, thu hút

Truyền tải thông điệp 1 cách rõ ràng

Kêu gọi hành động cụ thể của người tiêu dùng

Đăng tải quảng cáo trên các kênh truyền thông của nhãn hàng

Hình thức quảng cáo tốt nhất là gì?

Quảng cáo truyền miệng được coi là hình thức hiệu quả nhất. Bởi người tiêu dùng thường có xu hướng tin lời của người thân, bạn bè hay những người xung quanh đã trực tiếp trải nghiệm sản phẩm, dịch vụ nào đó.

Hãy nắm chắc những điều cơ bản và các ý tưởng về chủ đề Advertising này để giải quyết thành công bất kì câu hỏi nào liên quan đến chủ đề này bạn nhé! Chúc các bạn luyện thi Writing hiệu quả, nắm chắc từng chủ đề. Bạn có thể tham khảo thêm các chủ đề IELTS Writing Task 2 sau.

Hy vọng bài viết này đem đến thông tin bổ ích cho các bạn. Đừng quên chia sẻ đến những bạn đang cần nữa nha!!

Ngoài ra, còn có một số chủ đề khác có khả năng xuất hiện trong IELTS Writing Task 2.

Topic Tourism

Writing about Family

Writing Task 2 Environment

Writing Task 2 Education

Money IELTS Writing Task 2

IELTS Writing Task 2 City life

IELTS Writing Task 2 topics Health

Topic crime

Writing Task 2 Technology

Bài viết khác

Bộ sách tổng hợp bài mẫu ielts writing & speaking sample 2023.

DOL IELTS Đình Lực dành tặng miễn phí bộ sách TỔNG HỢP BÀI MẪU IELTS WRITING & SPEAKING SAMPLE 2023. Tải về ngay ở dưới đây các bạn nhé!

Top 10 website sửa bài IELTS Writing uy tín và chất lượng nhất

Trong hành trình học IELTS Writing, việc đạt được band điểm mơ ước đòi hỏi sự nỗ lực và kiên nhẫn từ các thí sinh. Tuy nhiên, nhiều thí sinh vẫn gặp khó khăn trong việc tiến bộ, và lý do chính là thiếu việc luyện tập viết IELTS Writing thường xuyên và không tuân thủ thời gian đủ cho cả hai bài task 1 và 2. Đặc biệt, việc không có người sửa bài Writing thường xuyên cũng là một trong những nguyên nhân chính. Tất nhiên, việc đến trung tâm để có giáo viên chỉnh sửa cũng là một giải pháp hiệu quả. Tuy nhiên, nếu không có đủ thời gian và điều kiện, việc sử dụng công cụ AI sẽ là một lựa chọn hữu ích để rèn luyện và cải thiện kỹ năng viết IELTS của bạn. DOL gợi ý cho bạn 10 website sửa bài IELTS Writing sử dụng công nghệ AI uy tín và chất lượng nhất. 1. Grammarly 2. Write and Improve with Cambridge 3. PaperRater 4. Test Big 5. Google Bard 6. ChatGPT 7. IELTS Answers 8. IELTS Advantage 9. IELTS-Blog 10. IELTS Podcast Hãy cùng DOL điểm qua các website sửa bài IELTS Writing sau nhé!

Cách sử dụng Notion (AI) để tự học IELTS Writing hiệu quả

Notion là một phần mềm ghi chú và quản lý công việc thông minh. Khó ai có thể tóm tắt và giải thích ngắn gọn được Notion là gì bởi vì các tính năng sắp xếp thông tin mạnh mẽ của nó đi cùng với giao diện tối giản và ý nghĩa sử dụng to lớn trong nhiều lĩnh vực cuộc sống như làm việc, học tập, lên ý tưởng, outline, lên kế hoạch,... Trong bài viết này, DOL sẽ giới thiệu qua Notion, cung cấp các tính năng, hướng dẫn cụ thể cách sử dụng Notion (AI) để tự học IELTS Writing hiệu quả và gợi ý những mẫu template tiện lợi cho những ai mới bắt đầu sử dụng Notion như một trợ thủ đắc lực trong quá trình ôn luyện IELTS Writing.

Cách dùng Bing AI để tự học IELTS Writing lên ý tưởng hiệu quả

Bing AI là một công cụ trí tuệ nhân tạo (AI) tiên tiến được phát triển bởi Microsoft, có khả năng xử lý ngôn ngữ tự nhiên một cách ấn tượng. Đây là một công cụ hỗ trợ viết hiệu quả, giúp bạn lên ý tưởng sáng tạo, sắp xếp logic, sửa lỗi chính tả và ngữ pháp, trau chuốt từ vựng, cung cấp thông tin và dẫn chứng, đồng thời chấm điểm và góp ý chi tiết để bạn nâng tầm kỹ năng viết. Trong bài viết này, DOL sẽ cung cấp cho bạn cách dùng Bing Ai học IELTS Writing cụ thể và những lưu ý quan trọng khi sử dụng. Hãy cùng DOL khám phá bí quyết sử dụng Bing AI để chinh phục điểm cao trong bài thi IELTS Writing. 

Tổng quan về IELTS Writing (Task 1 và 2)

IELTS Writing là một trong những kỹ năng khó ăn điểm nhất của kỳ thi IELTS, đặc biệt là đối với thí sinh Việt Nam. Điều này thể hiện qua điểm thi Writing trung bình của người Việt Nam khá thấp, chỉ đạt khoảng 5.5 - 6.0. Bài thi này đánh giá khả năng diễn đạt bằng tiếng Anh của thí sinh thông qua hai nhiệm vụ chính là Writing Task 1 và Task 2. DOL sẽ cung cấp cho bạn thông tin tổng quan về IELTS Writing, bao gồm. • Cấu trúc bài thi IELTS Writing: gồm Task 1 và Task 2 • Cách tính điểm bài thi IELTS Writing: dựa trên 4 tiêu chí Task Achievement/Response, Coherence and Cohesion, Lexical Resource, Grammatical Range and Accuracy • Bài mẫu IELTS Writing

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Advantages and Disadvantages of Communication Privacy Management Theory

This essay about Communication Privacy Management (CPM) theory offers a nuanced exploration of how individuals navigate privacy in interpersonal relationships. It highlights the theory’s strengths, such as its recognition of the dynamic nature of privacy and its consideration of contextual influences. Additionally, it discusses the limitations of CPM theory, including its potential oversight of power dynamics and its tendency towards oversimplification. Overall, the essay provides valuable insights into the complexities of privacy management within the realm of human connection.

How it works

Communication Privacy Management (CPM) theory, sculpted by the deft hands of Sandra Petronio, serves as a guiding lantern illuminating the darkened corridors of interpersonal privacy. Picture it as a seasoned cartographer, mapping out the uncharted territories of disclosure and secrecy within the realm of human relationships. Yet, amidst its brilliance, CPM theory reveals both the shimmering treasures and hidden pitfalls of its theoretical landscape.

An advantage of CPM theory lies in its recognition of the dynamic nature of privacy management, akin to the ebb and flow of tides.

It portrays privacy as a living entity, subject to the whims of context and circumstance. Individuals are not mere gatekeepers of their secrets but rather architects of their own boundaries, continually adjusting the sails of disclosure as they navigate the choppy waters of social interaction.

Moreover, CPM theory shines a light on the multifaceted influences that shape our privacy decisions, akin to a prism refracting light into a spectrum of colors. Cultural norms, social roles, and situational factors converge to paint a complex tapestry of privacy management practices. By acknowledging these contextual nuances, CPM theory transcends the confines of individual psychology to encompass the broader landscape of social interaction.

Yet, within the glittering expanse of its theoretical framework, CPM theory harbors its own shadows. One critique is its tendency to overlook the power dynamics that loom over interpersonal communication like silent sentinels. In relationships where power differentials exist, the ability to assert one’s privacy boundaries may be compromised, challenging the assumptions of autonomy embedded within CPM theory.

Furthermore, CPM theory may flatten the nuanced contours of privacy management into a binary landscape of disclosure and concealment. Like a painter reducing a landscape to mere brushstrokes, this oversimplification fails to capture the intricate dance of revelation and reservation that unfolds within the hearts of individuals. By framing privacy management as a series of discrete choices, CPM theory risks obscuring the subtleties of human experience.

In conclusion, Communication Privacy Management theory stands as a beacon in the foggy labyrinth of interpersonal privacy, offering both illumination and shadow. Its recognition of the dynamic interplay between disclosure and secrecy, coupled with an awareness of contextual influences, enriches our understanding of how individuals navigate the delicate balance of intimacy and autonomy in their relationships. However, it is imperative to acknowledge the limitations of CPM theory, including its potential blind spots regarding power dynamics and its tendency towards oversimplification. Like any theoretical framework, CPM theory is a tool to be wielded with care, guiding us through the complexities of human connection while reminding us of the mysteries that lie beyond its reach.

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Advantages And Disadvantages Of Communication Privacy Management Theory. (2024, Apr 29). Retrieved from https://papersowl.com/examples/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-communication-privacy-management-theory/

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PapersOwl.com. (2024). Advantages And Disadvantages Of Communication Privacy Management Theory . [Online]. Available at: https://papersowl.com/examples/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-communication-privacy-management-theory/ [Accessed: 4-May-2024]

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Student Opinion

Should College Freshmen Choose Their Roommates?

An Opinion columnist argues that students can benefit from living with people they don’t know. Do you agree?

By Shannon Doyne

Think about a time when you were paired with someone you didn’t know for a group project, a volunteer activity, a room assignment at camp or something similar. What did you learn from and about that person while spending time together? Were there any awkward moments? Did you become friends? Did the experience change you in any way?

If you plan to go to college and live in a dorm, you’ll probably have a roommate, at least for the first year. Would you be open to living with someone you didn’t know? If someone from your hometown, whether a close friend or an acquaintance, were to attend the same school as you, would you ask to room with that person instead of a stranger? Why?

In the Opinion essay “ What Is Lost When Freshmen Choose Their Roommates, ” Pamela Paul argues that living with a stranger can be good for young people:

For many adults, the first and last time they willingly submit to living with a total stranger is their freshman year of college. And now is the time of year when many kids, just accepted into college, decide they won’t do it. Cohabitating with anyone in 150 square feet isn’t easy. It’s hard enough to share a room with someone you love. Their intermittent snores, the way they hum while cleaning or just miss the trash can when flinging dirty tissues. But forcing kids from widely diverging backgrounds, ethnicities and economic classes to live in close quarters is one of the benefits of a residential college. It’s a social leveler. It offers its own education. It can produce terrible conflict , but that, too, is essential to preparing young people for the world. It’s an important part of learning to get along. Too many students today miss out on that experience altogether. Though in recent years some schools have pulled back from the practice, many have adopted systems that give students far more control over the process. Students have the option of choosing a roommate on their own, whether they connect in person, on social media or through one of many third-party matching services . Or they use a campus matching service like RoomSync or StarRez , which schools can license and tailor to their needs.

While some college administrators say that letting students choose whom they live with allows them to feel more comfortable and safe at school, Ms. Paul argues that it can undermine other values and abilities, such as resilience, risk-taking and navigating differences across identity and ideology:

“College is meant to be a time of life when you step out of your comfort zone and you’re stretched,” says Julie Lythcott-Haims, the author of “ Your Turn: How to Be an Adult ” and a former dean of first-year students at Stanford. “If people are allowed to choose their own roommates, they’re inherently cutting themselves off from some of the most significant learning available, which is to grow up your freshman year with someone not like you.” The reality is that when kids choose their own roommates, they tend to go with people who are exactly like themselves. Bruce Sacerdote, an economist at Dartmouth College, has been studying the social effects of college roommates for over a decade. His research points to clear advantages to a randomized process, especially since American campuses still see a lot of homophily or self-segregation by race, ethnicity and class. “Universities work so hard to achieve diversity, but that’s most valuable if people are actually interacting,” Sacerdote told me. “The most powerful tool universities have to foster that is through roommate matches.” Kids who pair up are often the ones who went to private or elite public feeder schools where they can easily slot in with mutual friends; they’re also the kids who have resources to meet up over the summer. Letting kids choose their own roommates, Lythcott-Haims said, “privileges the privileged, foments cliques and counters the intended outcome of having a diverse student body in that kids learn and grow because of their interactions with each other.”

Students, read the entire essay and then tell us:

Do you think college freshmen should get to choose their roommates? When you weigh the values of comfort, safety and belonging against those of resilience, risk-taking and navigating differences, which are more important for young people to experience in their first year of college? Why?

How difficult do you find it to step outside your comfort zone when it comes to getting to know new people and possibly becoming friends with them?

Consider the idea that college students choosing their freshman-year roommate “privileges the privileged, foments cliques and counters the intended outcome of having a diverse student body in that kids learn and grow because of their interactions with each other.” Do you agree or disagree? Why?

Do you know anyone who went to college and had a roommate? Did the person choose the roommate? What have you been told about that experience? Was it fun? Difficult? A learning experience? What, if anything, would you do differently as a result of hearing that person’s stories?

If you’re planning to go to college, do you think you will apply to the same institutions as your friends? What do you think the advantages and disadvantages of that might be? Would you submit a request to live in a dorm room with your friend?

Students 13 and older in the United States and Britain, and 16 and older elsewhere, are invited to comment. All comments are moderated by the Learning Network staff, but please keep in mind that once your comment is accepted, it will be made public and may appear in print.

Find more Student Opinion questions here. Teachers, check out this guide to learn how you can incorporate these prompts into your classroom.