how long does neuroscience phd take

• Doing a PhD in Neuroscience

What Does a PhD in Neuroscience Focus On?

Neuroscience is the study of the structure and function of the nervous system. Neuroscientists investigate how the nervous system works and also study factors which can influence the behaviour of the nervous system. Such factors include neurological, psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders.

A PhD in neuroscience provides a wide range of advantages for people that are already studying in the field. It allows you to focus your postgraduate study, work with cutting edge technology, operate within leading research departments, and pursue specialist neuroscience jobs upon completion of your research project.

It should be noted that there are many research projects which are focused on a specialist area of neuroscience. Subsequently, other relevant doctoral degrees include (but are not limited to):

• PhD in cognitive neuroscience – A PhD in cognitive neuroscience offers a unique opportunity. It teaches you how the brain functions chemically and neurologically. A PhD allows you to investigate the role of neurotransmitters, chemical compounds that send messages across the synapses of the brain. These compounds control the behaviour of the neurons and influence all the other functions of the brain. When they are working the way they’re supposed to, the brain is behaving normally.
• PhD in behavioural neuroscience – Also known as biological psychology, biopsychology, or psychobiology. Behavioural neuroscience includes the study of psychological and neural mechanisms which affect behaviour (e.g. genetic or psychiatric) and neurological disease.
• PhD in computational neuroscience – Computational neuroscience is a growing field and uses computers to simulate the brain. Computational neuroscience candidates should be well versed in the emerging technologies of this field to contribute to the field’s progress, and may have a background in mathematics, physics, artificial intelligence, or computer science rather than biology. A PhD in computational neuroscience may see a PhD student develop personalized treatments for neurological and psychiatric disorders.
• PhD in clinical neuroscience – A postgraduate degree in clinical neuroscience focuses on the nervous system in relation to health and disease. A research project in this field may involve the development of novel techniques to diagnose and treat disorders of the human brain or central nervous system.

Other popular neuroscience research areas in include molecular neuroscience, neuroengineering, neuroimaging, neurolinguistics, neuroinformatics, and neurobiological study.

Entry Requirements for A PhD in Neuroscience

The typical neuroscience PhD research project requires applicants to have, or expect to obtain, an upper second class (2:1) bachelor’s degree in a related subject area. In some cases, a lower second class (2:2) bachelor’s degree is sufficient if the graduate has a master’s degree or other relevant experience. For international students, overseas equivalent qualifications are almost always accepted. Since the focus of a research project can vary greatly, relevant subjects can be decided on an individual basis.

Of course, PhD in neuroscience requirements vary across different institutions, and some projects may have subject specific entry requirements, e.g. a PhD in computational neuroscience may require the graduate student to have basic programming knowledge.

Universities typically expect international graduate students to provide evidence of their English Language ability in addition to their application. English language requirements are usually provided in the form of a IELTS, TOEFL (iBT) or CAE and CPE score. The exact score requirements may differ from university to university. Any English language qualifications will be clearly stated as part of the application process.

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A next-generation genetic technology to identify biotechnologically-valuable enzymes and transporters, development of fluorescent organic molecules for application in super-resolution imaging techniques, ubiquitin-dependent signalling pathways in ageing, speciation in facultatively sexual species, energy dissipation in human soft tissue during impacts, how long does it take to get a phd in neuroscience.

In the United Kingdom, a standard PhD research project in neuroscience requires 3 to 4 years of full-time study. A part-time neuroscience programme typically takes 6 to 7 years to complete. A neuroscience MPhil typically takes 1 to 2 years of full time study.

Students pursuing careers in this field may undertake additional training courses, aimed to develop independent research, communication and project management skills. Courses in these areas will give students an excellent foundation in which to begin their careers.

There are also laboratory rotations and specialised training modules for doctoral students within some PhD programmes, which may include developmental psychology, developmental biology, brain sciences, clinical neuroscience, cell biology, medicine, biomedical sciences, genetics, pharmacology, neurophysiology, cognitive science and neurology .

Costs and Funding

Annual tuition fees for PhDs in neuroscience are typically around £5,000 – £6,000 for UK students. Tuition fees for overseas students are typically around £25,000 – £35,000 per academic year. Tuition fees for part time programmes are typically scaled down according to the programme length (for both home and international tuition fees).

Some neuroscience PhD programmes also have additional costs to cover laboratory resources, travel, fieldwork, department administration and computational costs.

Many Universities offer postgraduate studentships or doctoral loan schemes which cover the tuition fees and in some cases the living costs for neuroscience PhD programmes.

PhD in Neuroscience Career Paths and Jobs

If you are wondering what to do with a PhD in neuroscience, there are many options you can explore. PhD in neuroscience jobs require specialist knowledge, and the typical neuroscientist salary in the UK reflects this. However, the average salary of a neuroscientist varies greatly due to the broad range of industries they can operate in. Generally a senior neuroscientist salary in the UK is around £50,000 per annum, however salaries can exceed £100,000 depending on the specific role. For example a cognitive neuroscientist salary in the UK may be greater than that of a cellular neuroscience researcher. It is also possible to use your PhD to find work internationally as some countries may provide employment opportunities which improve upon neuroscience salaries in the UK.

Many PhD in neuroscience careers are within the academic world, as often postgraduate students choose to become lecturers, professors and researchers. Here they can continue to lead research into their field of interest and can help shape future postgraduate study. Neuroscience professors and lecturers can expect a generous salary. Higher education institutions are not the only destination available for postdoctoral researchers. Government lead research councils such as the BBRSC are one of many employers which contribute to academia.

Other PhD students look for neuroscience jobs in the pharmaceutical industry, where they can use their specialist knowledge and skills in the lab to understand how developmental drugs affect the nervous system.

Another popular career destination is within public engagement. As a scientific communicator, you are responsible for educating the general public on neurological matters and often take governmental or advisory roles. There are many NHS jobs that facilitate these responsibilities.

Typically, a PhD in neuroscience salary is higher than that of a counterpart with an undergraduate degree only. This is because the specialist knowledge a PhD graduate student has allows them to innovate and lead. A PhD programme also usually involves some manner of project management which lends itself to management roles.

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Neuroscience, PhD

School of medicine.

The Department of Neuroscience offers an interdisciplinary program designed to train doctoral students for independent research and teaching in neuroscience. It is the goal of the program to ensure that candidates for the Ph.D. and M.D./Ph.D. degrees obtain a background covering molecular, cellular, systems, and cognitive approaches to neuroscience, as well as receive training that brings them to the forefront of research in their particular area of interest. A series of core courses in neuroscience, along with advanced electives, seminar series, laboratory rotations, and original independent dissertation research, form the Neuroscience Graduate Training Program.

Students enter the program from different backgrounds and the laboratories in which they elect to work cover different disciplines; therefore, the program is tailored to fit the needs of individual students. The academic year at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine is divided into four quarters plus a summer semester. Courses are designed so that students have ample time to become involved in laboratory rotations. These laboratory rotations expose the student to a variety of current research techniques in neuroscience and provide an opportunity for the student to select a laboratory in which to conduct dissertation research. Scheduling of the three rotations is adjusted to make the most convenient schedule for each student. The rotations are usually completed by the end of the first full year in the program. Most students begin their thesis research at the beginning of their second year.

For more information, please visit The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience webpage: http://neuroscience.jhu.edu.

Financial Aid

The program provides tuition remission plus a stipend at or above the National Institutes of Health Predoctoral level for all students. All entering and first-year students are encouraged to apply for individual fellowships such as those sponsored by the National Science Foundation and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.

Vivien Thomas PhD Scholars at JHU The  Vivien Thomas Scholars Initiative (VTSI)  is a new endowed fellowship program at Johns Hopkins for PhD students in STEM fields. It provides full tuition, stipend, and benefits while also providing targeted mentoring, networking, community, and professional development opportunities. Students who have attended a historically black college and university ( HBCU ) or other minority serving institution (MSI) for undergraduate study are eligible to apply. More information about the VTSI program is available at this link:  https://provost.jhu.edu/about/vivien-thomas-scholars-initiative/ . To be considered for the VTSI, all application and supplementary materials must be received by  December 1st .

Admission Requirements

We use a holistic approach to evaluating applicants and look forward to reading your application. We are most enthusiastic about applicants who have taken full advantage of the opportunities available at their undergraduate institution and through other summer or postbac experiences. Our class size is typically ~18 students per year.

Applicants are expected to have received a B.S. or B.A. prior to enrolling in the graduate program. Laboratory research experience prior to enrollment is also desirable. If you have research experience, please describe your research in your Statement of Interest and Career Objectives and indicate the number of months engaged in full-time and part-time research on your CV. Students who do well in our program typically have a strong academic foundation in areas of biological or physical sciences. Some of the courses that prepare students well include general biology, neuroscience, mathematics through calculus, general physics, general chemistry, organic chemistry, statistics, engineering, or computer science.

NOTE: The Neuroscience Program DOES NOT require GRE scores. 

Program Requirements

A year-long core course provides an integrated overview of molecular and cellular neuroscience, neuroanatomy and systems, and cognitive neuroscience. This course is aimed at providing Neuroscience graduate students with a foundation for posing meaningful questions in their area of interest.  During the first two years, students are required to take 6 graduate level core courses that provide rigorous training in principles of neuroscience research. In addition, students in the first year attend research symposia and complete lab rotations to introduce them to research. Students in the program are also required to participate in core program activities such as seminars, journal clubs, a quantitative analysis boot camp, career development courses and various program events. In addition, each student selects advanced electives offered by members of the Neuroscience Training Program or other departments at the Medical School.

Seminar Program

The Neuroscience Training Program conducts several seminar series to ensure that students are exposed to recent work by researchers from across the country and the world as well as by Hopkins faculty and fellows. Graduate trainees participate actively in these series throughout their training, including inviting and hosting three speakers each year. A weekly lecture is given by an outstanding researcher in some field of neuroscience. Seminars are selected so that an overall balance of subject matter is covered yearly. Students are given an opportunity to meet with each speaker for questions and discussion. Weekly lunchtime talks are presented on current literature by graduate students and postdoctoral fellows. Since an ability to communicate scientific work clearly is essential, graduate students receive close guidance in preparing and evaluating their journal club presentations. Once a month, the faculty, postdoctoral fellows, and students from one laboratory present and discuss the ongoing research in that laboratory. This provides an informal setting to discuss research being conducted in the laboratories of the Neuroscience Training Program and gives advanced graduate students and postdoctoral fellows a forum for presenting their work.

Requirements for the PhD Degree

A minimum residency of two academic years is required. During the course of graduate study, the student must successfully complete the required course requirements. An oral examination, conducted as prescribed by the Doctor of Philosophy Board, must be completed by the end of the second year. The student must then conduct original research and describe this research in a written thesis dissertation, which must be approved by the students Thesis Committee and the Doctor of Philosophy Board.

Training Facilities

The Training Program is centered in the Department of Neuroscience. The Training Program utilizes laboratory facilities located in the Department of Neuroscience plus several other basic and clinical departments closely associated with the Neuroscience Department. All of these laboratories are within a short distance of each other. Modern state of the art facilities for research in molecular biology, neurophysiology, pharmacology, biochemistry, cell biology, and morphology are available. The Mind/Brain Institute, located on the Homewood Campus of the University, is a group of laboratories devoted to the investigation of the neural mechanisms of higher mental function and particularly to the mechanisms of perception. All of the disciplines required to address these questions are represented in the Institute. These include neurophysiology, psychology, theoretical neurobiology, neuroanatomy, and cognitive science. All of the faculty in the Mind/Brain Institute are members of the Neuroscience Graduate Program.

Combined M.D./Ph.D. Program

A subset of the current predoctoral trainees in the Neuroscience Program are candidates for both Ph.D. and M.D. degrees. Applications for admission to the combined program are considered by the M.D./Ph.D. Committee of the School of Medicine. Application forms for the School of Medicine contain a section requesting information relevant to graduate study. Applicants interested in the combined M.D./Ph.D. program should complete this section also, and indicate specifically their interest in the “Neuroscience Training Program”. If application to the combined M.D./Ph.D. program proves unsuccessful and the applicant wishes to be considered for graduate studies, they must notify the Admissions Office of the Neuroscience Training Program by separate letter.

Steps to a PhD

Some of our graduates at spring 2023 commencement,along with professors Friedrich Sommer, Dan Feldman, Michael Silver, Joni Wallis, Marla Feller, and Ehud Isacoff. Photo by  GradImages (link is external) .

Neuroscience is a broad field that requires multidisciplinary training as well as intensive study of specific concepts and techniques related to each student’s primary research focus. The Neuroscience PhD Program is designed to provide highly individualized, flexible training that fulfills both these needs. Our PhD training program has a standard completion time of 5.5 to 6 years.  The program is PhD-granting only, there is no master’s degree program.  The following is a general overview of the steps to a Neuroscience PhD at UC Berkeley. For detailed policies, see  Resources For Current Students

First-year students begin the program with an intensive, 10-day “Neuro Camp” course held just prior to the official start of fall semester classes. The course features lectures on key neuroscience concepts and on classical and emerging experimental techniques and research seminars by Berkeley Neuroscience faculty. In addition, hands-on research projects in faculty laboratories cover techniques ranging from molecular neuroscience to neurophysiology and optogenetics to fMRI. The goal is to provide an immersive introduction to multiple disciplines and experimental approaches within neuroscience. Our Neuro Camp unites neuroscience-oriented students from multiple PhD programs.

Laboratory Rotations

During Year 1, each student spends three 10-week periods performing research projects in different faculty laboratories. The choice of laboratories is based on student preference. The goal is to expose students to different techniques and approaches in neuroscience and to provide training in experimental design, critical analysis of data, and presentation of research findings. Performance in rotations is evaluated and graded. Rotations also allow students to identify the laboratory in which their thesis research will be performed. Students formally present results from the laboratory rotations in a dedicated course designed to instruct students in clear, effective presentation of scientific findings.

The program has highly flexible course requirements. These are designed to provide students with sufficiently broad training in all areas of neuroscience, while allowing focus in the area of primary research interest.

During the first two years of the program, each student is required to take one course in each of three broad areas: (A) Cellular, Molecular & Developmental Neuroscience; (B) Systems and Computational Neuroscience; and (C) Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience. Each student consults with faculty advisers to determine the most appropriate individual courses within these areas.

Students must also complete a one-semester course in Applied Statistics in Neuroscience, or an equivalent approved course in statistics or quantitative analysis methods, as well as one elective course. 

For additional details, see the Neuroscience Course Curriculum.

Training in Teaching 

Effective teaching is a critical skill required in most academic and research careers. Students are required to serve as Graduate Student Instructors (GSIs; also knows as Teaching Assistants) for two semesters. GSI teaching occurs during Years 2 and 3 and provides supervised teaching experience in laboratory and discussion settings. Teaching is evaluated, and outstanding teaching is rewarded with annual Outstanding Graduate Student Instructor Awards. One to three of our students typically win this award each year.

Qualifying Examination

Students complete an Oral Qualifying Exam during the spring semester of Year 2. This exam is structured around a written thesis proposal and oral examination on this proposal, related research areas, and foundational questions in neuroscience. During the exam, a faculty committee tests the student’s knowledge of these areas and general neuroscience. Students must demonstrate the ability to recognize important research problems, propose relevant experimental approaches, and display comprehensive knowledge of relevant subjects. Students must pass the qualifying examination before advancing to doctoral candidacy.

Thesis Research

Thesis research begins after the completion of rotations in spring or summer of Year 1. During Year 2, students conduct thesis research while completing required coursework and GSI teaching. Years 3 to 5 are spent primarily on thesis research. Progress on thesis research is evaluated by the student, the thesis advisor, and a Thesis Committee of three additional faculty members. Thesis research is expected to lead to publication in top-ranked, refereed scientific journals. Students are strongly encouraged to present posters and speak at scientific meetings and conferences. During Year 4, they make a formal presentation of their research progress to their peers. Completion of thesis research is determined by the Thesis Committee. While there is no formal thesis defense, students present a formal thesis seminar to the neuroscience community in their last semester of candidacy.

Other Program Activities

During training, students are expected to participate in a range of activities to increase their exposure to neuroscience research within and outside their specialty areas. These include the annual Neuroscience Conference, the Neuroscience Seminar Series, as well as other affiliated seminar series and lectures. Students also participate in journal clubs, lab meetings, and multi-laboratory special interest group meetings focused on specific scientific topics. See Program Activities for a comprehensive list.

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Best Neuroscience PhD Programs: Careers, and More [2024]

Are you looking for the best neuroscience PhD programs of 2024? You’re lucky because I have compiled the best neuroscience PhD programs list. Before we get into the individual programs, let’s first dive into what neuroscience is.

Neuroscience is a branch of biological science studying the brain, emphasizing its biochemistry, molecular biology, psychology, and anatomy to understand human and animal behavior. It offers an in-depth understanding of brain diseases and abnormalities so we can develop solutions using studies with neuroscientific models.

An expert neuroscientist can make significant contributions to society, and a PhD in neuroscience will equip you to pursue a prestigious career in the field. According to Salary Expert , the average annual salary of neuroscience PhD holders is $113,946. That number is expected to rise to $129,991 by 2028, making this one of the highest-paying PhDs .

Ready to find your dream PhD program in neuroscience? Let’s get started.

Table of Contents

Best Neuroscience PhD Programs

Harvard university, harvard medical school.

Ph.D. Program in Neuroscience (PiN)

The Neurobiology Department of Harvard Medical School is the first research department in the world to take an interdisciplinary, systemic approach to studying the human brain. This program is one of the more competitive PhDs in neuroscience and offers a wide range of electives in a flexible format. Students can easily balance their coursework and lab work with hybrid and online learning.

• Courses : Quantitative methods for biologists, rotations in neuroscience, and discipline of neuroscience.
• Duration : 3 years or more
• Delivery : On-campus
• Tuition : Full funding
• Financial aid : Full tuition/stipend support, health insurance, childcare support, parental support, and travel allowance.
• Acceptance rate:  5%
• Location : Boston, Massachusetts

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Brain and Cognitive Sciences PhD Program

MIT’s Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences claims to produce the world’s sharpest and most innovative brain scientists. This PhD program enables students to pursue cutting-edge research that seeks to push the boundaries of neuroscientific knowledge.

• Courses : Molecular & cellular neuroscience, computational cognitive science, and statistics for neuroscience research.
• Duration : 5 years plus
• Tuition : $29,875 per term
• Financial aid:  Scholarships, loans, and health insurance.
• Acceptance rate : 7.3%
• Location : Cambridge, Massachusetts

Stanford University, School of Medicine

Neurosciences Ph.D. Program

Stanford is one of the leading research universities in the world. This PhD program is one of 14 “Biosciences Home Programs” offered by the institution’s School of Medicine. One of the best neuroscience PhD programs the USA provides, it enables students to design their post-graduate studies by working collaboratively with an extensive network of faculty and labs.

• Courses : Responsible conduct of neuroscience, neuroscience systems core, and neurogenetics core.
• Credits : 135 units
• Duration : 5 years
• Tuition : Refer tuition page
• Financial aid: Fellowships, grants, research assistantships, teaching assistantships, and veteran benefits.
• Acceptance rate : 5.2%
• Location : Stanford, California

Princeton University, Graduate School

Ph.D. in Neuroscience

Princeton University is a globally acclaimed school with a long list of Nobel laureates and other honors. This one in our list of the best neuroscience PhD programs emphasizes hands-on experience, encouraging students to apply the concepts they learn in lectures in the lab.

• Courses : Cellular & circuits Neuroscience, computational neuroscience, and Statistics for Neuroscience.
• Tuition : $59,710 per year
• Financial aid : Fellowships, research assistantships, teaching assistantships, external funding, travel grants, veteran benefits, and loans.
• Acceptance rate : 5.6%
• Location : Princeton, New Jersey

Yale University, School of Medicine

Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program

Yale is another world-renowned university with several cultural centers to preserve the institution’s unique cultural identity. This interdepartmental PhD program is called a “department without walls” as it allows students to explore every aspect of neuroscience with the help of over 100 faculty members from more than twenty departments.

• Courses : Principles of neuroscience, foundations of systems neuroscience, and bioethics in neuroscience.
• Duration : Up to 7 years
• Tuition : $48,300 per year
• Financial aid : Fellowships, awards, research assistantships, loans, and travel funds.
• Acceptance rate : 6.5%
• Location : New Haven, Connecticut

The University of California San Francisco, Weill Institute for Neurosciences

Neuroscience Graduate Program

The University of California San Francisco is a big name committed to diversity and follows the JEDI (justice, equity, diversity, and inclusion) approach to promote a positive campus environment. This post-graduate program allows students to work collaboratively with faculty members across various departments who are well-known names in their respective fields.

• Courses : Cellular & molecular neuroscience, systems & behavioral neuroscience, and computational neuroscience.
• Duration : 4 – 6 years
• Tuition : $11,442 per year
• Financial aid : Fellowships, awards, grants, and teaching assistantships.
• Acceptance rate : 3.7%
• Location : San Francisco, California

Brown University

Brown University is located in the culturally diverse city of Providence, Rhode Island. The program emphasizes intellectual freedom and has an “Open Curriculum” system at the undergraduate level, which confirms this. This PhD in neuroscience program involves various experimental approaches, including a Graduate Partnership Program (GPP) with NIH (National Institutes of Health).

• Courses : Advanced molecular & cellular neurobiology, advanced systems neuroscience, and neuroanatomy.
• Tuition : $8,207 per course
• Financial aid : Full funding, stipend, health insurance, grants, fellowships, and teaching assistantships.
• Acceptance rate : 7.7%
• Location : Providence, Rhode Island

Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine

Neuroscience Training Program

The Neuroscience Department at Johns Hopkins University was one of the country’s first academic centers for Neuroscience. Its PhD program is well-regarded, offering students ample opportunities for lab rotations, a wide selection of electives, and seminar series from eminent national and international scholars.

• Courses : Neuroscience cognition, quantitative methods for the brain sciences, and neuron models.
• Duration : 3 years plus
• Tuition : Full tuition, stipend, and benefits
• Financial aid:  Fellowships, loans, scholarships, and grants.
• Acceptance rate : 11.1%
• Location : Baltimore, Maryland

California Institute of Technology, Division of Biology and Biological Engineering

Neurobiology Graduate Program

Caltech is a private institution dedicated to excellence in technological education and research. This Ph.D. program allows students to conduct advanced research in molecular mechanisms of nervous system development, the evolution of the brain and behavior in primates, neuroscience of brain disorders, and neuro-engineering.

• Courses : Tools of neurobiology, molecular, cellular, and developmental neurobiology, and circuits, systems, and behavioral biology.
• Credits : 54 units (6 quarter courses)
• Tuition : $56,364 per year
• Financial aid : Teaching assistantships, fellowships, loans, research assistantships, and full funding.
• Acceptance rate : 6.7%
• Location : Pasadena, California

The University of Chicago, Biological Sciences Division

PhD Program in Computational Neuroscience

The University of Chicago is a renowned institution that has pioneered neuroscience research by eminent scientists like K. C. Cole, Stephen Polyak, and Jack Cowan. The school’s PhD in Computational Neuroscience offers an in-depth understanding of how various neural components affect human and animal behavior.

• Courses : Cellular neurobiology, methods in computational neuroscience, and behavioral neuroscience.
• Tuition : $19,035 per quarter
• Financial aid : Grants, fellowships, awards, stipends, and research assistantships.
• Location : Chicago, Illinois

What Do I Need to Get a PhD in Neuroscience?

You’ll need an undergraduate degree in biological sciences or a related field. Some programs may also require a master’s in a relevant field; others may ask for GRE scores as part of the application process. You must complete coursework, research, and a dissertation paper throughout the program, meet teaching requirements and seminars, and pass qualifying examinations.

What to Consider When Choosing a Neuroscience PhD Program

Neuroscience is a highly specialized field that often involves interdisciplinary research. Therefore, looking for programs offering specializations in your areas of interest and with faculty members who are experts in these fields is essential. It’s also vital to consider applicable tuition, other fees, location, and whether the program offers the type of study you want (on-campus, online, or hybrid learning).

Once you decide on the best neuroscience PhD program for you, laying some groundwork is a good idea. This will help you create a more robust application and better prepare for the program. Read up on the latest neuroscience research and think about potential subjects for your dissertation. Build your sector network and start making connections that will help you with your studies and beyond.

Why Get a Doctorate in Neuroscience?

A doctorate in neuroscience can make you a valuable expert in one of the top branches of the biological sciences. You’ll have plenty of opportunities in this field to perform exciting, valuable, and innovative research.

This advanced degree will also qualify you for many well-paid roles, including:

• Medical Science Liaison ( $149,911 )
• Senior Clinical Research Associate ( $114,764 )
• Neuroscientist ( $81,661 )
• Research Scientist ( $87,532 )
• Program Director, Healthcare ( $87,780 )
• Assistant Professor, Postsecondary/Higher Education ( $73,907 )

PhD in Neuroscience: Key Facts

What is the average cost of a phd in neuroscience.

The cost of completing a Ph.D. in neuroscience varies depending on factors like the school, the program, and other expenses like accommodation. A reputable PhD in neuroscience program can range anywhere from $10K to $60K per year.

How Long Does It Take to Get a PhD in Neuroscience?

Getting a PhD in Neuroscience usually takes between 3 and 7 years.

What Skills Do You Gain from a PhD in Neuroscience?

A PhD in Neuroscience awards you a range of skills, most notably:

• The ability to develop testable neuroscientific hypotheses  and conduct studies using experimental, statistical, and literature review methods.
• Laboratory skills  related to  researching behavioral Neuroscience concepts.
• Scientific written communication skills.

PhD Neuroscience Program Statistics

• A PhD in neuroscience program can expect hundreds of applicants — the average is around 170 .
• Most neuroscience PhD candidates have an undergraduate degree in psychology, biology, or neuroscience , though they may have backgrounds in other fields, even non-science ones such as business or humanities.
• Most schools only accept a few neuroscience PhD candidates a year based on stringent criteria. For example, The University of Texas at Dallas accepts an average of 10-20 students per year.

Key Takeaways

With intake numbers for PhDs in neuroscience programs being relatively small, it’s essential to start preparing early to assemble the most robust application possible. Once you get accepted into your dream program, the future will be bright, with the Bureau of Labor Statistics estimating a 10% growth in jobs for medical scientists between 2022 and 2032. From high salary prospects to the opportunity to make valuable contributions to society, you’re sure to have a rewarding career as a neuroscientist!

If you’re deciding between neuroscience and psychology, check out our guides to the best Master’s in Psychology  and the best online PhD in Psychology programs .

Frequently Asked Questions

How competitive are neuroscience doctoral programs.

Neuroscience PhD programs can be highly competitive. Even when there are hundreds of applicants, only 10 or so may be accepted each year by each program. Therefore, it’s essential to have a strong academic record and prepare a compelling application to be accepted into your dream program.

Do Neuroscientists Need a PhD?

This depends on the exact neuroscience role you want. Typically, you’ll need a PhD in neuroscience to work as a research scientist, senior research associate, or neuroscience professor at a post-secondary school. However, you may be eligible for entry-level neuroscience roles with an undergraduate or master’s degree .

Does Harvard Have a Neuroscience Major?

Yes, Harvard University offers one of the USA’s most reputable neuroscience doctorate programs .

Lisa Marlin

Lisa is a full-time writer specializing in career advice, further education, and personal development. She works from all over the world, and when not writing you'll find her hiking, practicing yoga, or enjoying a glass of Malbec.

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What are institution and department codes to send toefl and gre scores, questions about toefl scores, do i need to take the toefl, are any other tests besides toefl accepted, what are msu/neuroscience program's toefl requirements for graduate admission, as an international student, can the toefl be waived if i have already attended an institution/university in the united states, what constitutes an "official copy of scores", questions about the neuroscience program, who are the training faculty, will i be financially supported throughout graduate training, will i have the opportunity to gain teaching experience during graduate training, in addition to taking courses, conducting research, and gaining teaching experience, what else do students in the neuroscience program do, how long does it take to complete the ph.d. in neuroscience, how do i contact faculty and students in the program.

• I am interested in behavioral neuroscience, and I noticed that many Neuroscience Program faculty in this field are members of the Behavioral Neuroscience interest group in the Psychology Department. The Neuroscience Program and the Psychology Department offer separate PhD plans, and I can only apply to one at a time, which should it be?

We will consider applicants with any undergraduate major, as many provide appropriate background for graduate training in neuroscience. Applicants from biology, neuroscience, psychology (experimental/biological or cognitive emphasis), physiology, and zoology backgrounds are common. Regardless of the specific major, it is recommended that applicants take advanced courses in biology (particularly cellular or molecular courses), chemistry or biochemistry, and math. (top)

While there are no required courses to enter the Neuroscience Program, here is what we have found provides the best preparation for graduate school in neuroscience:

• Strong biology background, including cell biology, physiology, genetics
• Neuroscience related courses, such as basic neurobiology, behavioral neuroscience courses (e.g., introductory biopsychology, learning and memory, drugs and behavior)
• Strong chemistry background, up through biochemistry is considered excellent preparation
• Math through at least one course of calculus, the more the better
• Introductory statistics
• Independent research with a faculty member

The personal statement is an important component of the application. You should outline your research interest and goals and how the Neuroscience Program at MSU and our training faculty will help you to achieve your long term career goals. It is also important to describe in your statement how you might contribute to a diverse community here at MSU and any obstacles that you have overcome in gaining your present level of education. Also describe in detail any prior research and/or laboratory experience (including a description of the research question, the methods used, your findings and conclusions). Include in the statement the names of 2-4 training faculty members whom you might like to work with and be interviewed by. We strongly encourage you to contact our training faculty at any stage in the admissions process, even before you have submitted an application. The identification of these faculty will not limit your choices of labs once you are here, but will help us determine whether there is a good match between your interests and our program. Please limit your personal statement to two pages. (top)

You should have research experience before entering graduate school, if at all possible. Having research experience will help you to determine whether a research career is something you will enjoy, and you will get a better idea of what life in graduate school will be like. Also, faculty members with whom you do research can write informative letters of recommendation about your probability of success in graduate school. (top)

Can I apply to enter the program in Spring or summer?

Admission to the Neuroscience Program is made only for Fall Semester. The deadline for receipt of applications is December 5th of each year. (top)

It is University policy that all international students complete a statement of financial proof. Please fill out all sections of the form excluding the "sponsor" section. You do not need to submit any other documents with the statement of financial proof form. (top)

You may submit up to two (2) applications to different graduate majors in the SAME semester. Each must be accompanied by a full set of documents as required by MSU and the individual graduate programs. Each application requires payment of the application fee. (top)

After the December 5th deadline for application materials and during the months of January, February and March, the Graduate Affairs Committee meets to review the applications, decide on nominations for various internal fellowships, and plan for the Neuroscience Program Interview Days. Then, at the end of March, the Committee makes offers of admission to qualified applicants. (top)

We do not have strict admissions criteria for GPA. The Admissions Committee considers all aspects of the application, including not only GRE scores and GPA, but also what undergraduate courses were taken, research experience, letters of recommendation, and the applicant's personal statement. Strong qualifications in some areas may offset weaker qualifications in other areas. (top)

What is the minimum GRE Score needed for admission?

There is no minimum GRE Score needed for admission. Submission of GRE scores is optional and not required for admission to the program.  (top)

GRE scores can be up to 5 years old, TOEFL scores may only be 2 years old. (top)

To have the TOEFL or GRE score sent to Michigan State University, please use:

All international students admitted to MSU must meet the University and departmental English language proficiency requirement. You will need to take the TOEFL (Test Of English as a Foreign Language) and submit an official copy of your scores to us if English is not your native speaking language and you are not from one of the following countries:

Anguilla, Antigua, Australia, the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, the British Virgin Islands, Canada (except Quebec), the Caribbean, the Cayman Islands, Dominica, Greenland, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat, New Zealand, St. Kitts & Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, Trinidad & Tobago, the Turks & Caicos Islands, the United Kingdom, the U.S. Virgin Islands.

Applicants from Puerto Rico do not need to submit TOEFL scores. If still unsure about whether you need to submit TOEFL scores, please contact the Program Office . (top)

Yes, Michigan State University Graduate programs now accepts MELAB (Michigan English Language Assessment Battery). Michigan State Unversity Graduate programs also accept MSUELT (MSU English proficiency test). To find when these tests are offered please visit the MSU Testing Office and for more information visit the MSU Graduate School (top)

Michigan State University requires a TOEFL score for all international applicants. However, the department may waive the TOEFL if the applicant is competent in the English Language. Please submit a written request directly to the Neuroscience Program for review. (top)

For regular University academic admission, your TOEFL scores must be: For written-based test, the total score must be 550 with no subscore below 52. For computer-based test, the total score must be 213 with no subscore below 19. For internet-based test, the total score must be 80 with no subscores below 19 for reading, listening, and speaking and for writing a subscore of 22. (top)

An official copy of scores, whether they be for the GRE or the TOEFL, are scores that are sent directly to Michigan State University by the Educational Testing Service. You can arrange to have these sent using forms available on the GRE site or the TOEFL forms page. (top)

The Neuroscience Program's "Training faculty" are a group of faculty who serve as rotation and thesis advisors. Ffaculty who are not listed as training faculty serve on thesis guidance committees, participate in the teaching of core courses, and provide valuable expertise across a broad spectrum of basic and clinical neuroscience research areas. (top)

Yes, as long as you are a student in good standing and continue to make good progress toward your degree. Students are generally supported during the first year by the Neuroscience Program, and in subsequent years by research grants, individual fellowships, or teaching assistantships. Regardless of the source of funding, financial support includes a stipend, full tuition and fees, and health insurance. There have been no Neuroscience Program students in good standing who were not supported throughout graduate training. (top)

Yes. All Neuroscience Program students serve for at least one semester as teaching assistants for undergraduate courses in neuroscience or related disciplines, usually during the second year of training. (top)

Students participate in the weekly Neuroscience Program Seminar Series, and get to meet with the visiting neuroscientists from around the country. There are also several "special interest" journal clubs that meet regularly. Students are encouraged to attend regional, national, and international scientific meetings, and the Neuroscience Program provides an annual travel allowance to all students who present their data at professional meetings. Faculty, students, and postdocs attend the annual Neuroscience Program retreat, and several social events are scheduled each year. (top)

Most students complete the Ph.D. requirements in approximately 5 years. (top)

Visit our directory for a list of faculty and students and their email addresses. We encourage you to contact faculty whose research programs you are interested in, even before you apply to the Program. You should indicate that you have been in contact with particular faculty in your personal statement. Additionally, our current students will be happy to tell you about their experiences in the Neuroscience Program at Michigan State University. (top)

I am interested in behavioral neuroscience, and I noticed that many Neuroscience Program faculty in this field are members of the Behavioral Neuroscience interest group in the Psychology Department. The Neuroscience Program and the Psychology Department offer separate PhD plans, which should I choose?

It depends on what is best for you as an individual, and it is a good idea to discuss this issue with the person you are most interested in working with before you apply. However, the following list may help you in making your decision:

• In either program, you can conduct your dissertation research in any of the following labs: Arguello, Breedlove, Johnson, Jordan, Lonstein, Nunez, Smale, Sisk, Veenema, or Wade, and the project you do could be identical.
• The coursework in the two programs is different with respect to the numbers of courses that are elective vs. required. All students in the Neuroscience Program take a series of required courses that provides a solid foundation in neuroscience during their first two years. In the Psychology program, there is somewhat more flexibility with respect to which courses each student takes and when they are taken. In practice, however, Psychology students often elect to take many of the same courses as Neuroscience students. All of the courses are open to graduate students in both programs.
• The Neuroscience Program requires that students rotate in two labs during their first year; the Psychology Department does not.
• The format of the comprehensive exam differs. Neuroscience students take a sit-down exam at the end of their second year. Behavioral Neuroscience students in Psychology develop an upper-level course in their discipline over the course of a couple of months, usually in their third year (this course is not taught, just planned)

More details regarding degree requirements from the two programs are located here: Behavioral Neuroscience Psychology (see left column for link to degree requirements) and MSU Neuroscience Program Requirements . (top)

• Washington State University

PhD in Neuroscience

Research-intensive program.

The PhD in Neuroscience is a research-intensive program to train students for independent research careers in higher education, industry, and government agencies.

Integrated Graduate Program

• Common core curriculum. Graduate students take common courses in biomedical ethics, responsible conduct, experimental design, and deconstruction of research. Most core and elective courses are taught in a 5-week microcourse format that have a precise focus on a topic of timely and intense interest to students and faculty.
• 8-week lab rotations. Choose three labs and work alongside faculty researchers to discover your research interests and choose a mentor.
• Professional development. Attend ongoing academic and career development training in our Leadership and Professional Series to enhance communication, mentoring, diversity, and leadership skills.

Graduate students have the ability to work with leading faculty from multiple departments, colleges, and campuses across Washington State.

Complete Your Neuroscience PhD in Spokane

WSU College of Medicine in Spokane is home to more than a dozen faculty members who are affiliated with the Neuroscience PhD program. These researchers recruit and mentor graduate students, providing outstanding opportunities for scientific training, scholarship, and collaboration. As the university’s health sciences hub, it is home to world-class health science facilities, faculty, and expertise, as well as partnerships with local and regional hospitals and research facilities.

Research Areas

Completing your studies through the Spokane campus provides a range of options for research areas of focus, with faculty who specialize in the following research areas:

• Circadian rhythms
• Brain injury
• Drug and alcohol use
• Autism spectrum disorders (ASD)
• Feeding and metabolism
• Neuroimmunology

Rotate with Labs

Students complete three 8-week lab rotations during the first year to gain experience on different topics, learn a variety of techniques, and find the right mentor for continuing their research.

Living in Spokane

Spokane has the benefit of being located in the beautiful Pacific Northwest region, with ample options for outdoor sports and recreation; local shopping, dining, and events.

How to Apply

1. contact our faculty.

Across our faculty, we have expertise and active research programs spanning a wide range of topics. We encourage applicants to contact faculty members whom they may be interested in working with prior to applying. They can answer questions about their work as well as whether or not they are recruiting new students.

Complete the WSU graduate school application process.

In your personal statement, be sure to indicate that you are interested in studying Neuroscience in Spokane , along with which Spokane-based faculty mentors you are interested in working with and why. A single application to the WSU PhD in Neuroscience program is used for all WSU campuses, so you are also able to indicate in your application if you are interested in completing the Neuroscience PhD program at the Spokane, Pullman, and/or Vancouver, WA campuses.

Neuroscience Students

Sofia Fluke [email protected] Advisor: Dr. Brieann Satterfield

Elizabeth Medina [email protected] Advisor: Dr. Lucia Peixoto

Rachael Muck [email protected] Advisor: Dr. Brieann Satterfield

Caitlyn Ottaway [email protected] 1 st year student doing laboratory rotations

For questions specific to the Spokane Neuroscience PhD program at the College of Medicine, contact Kimberly Honn

For general questions about the Neuroscience PhD program, contact Becky Morton

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Phd in neuroscience: requirements, salary, jobs, & career growth, what is phd in neuroscience.

A PhD in Neuroscience is a doctoral degree that focuses on the nervous system, which includes the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves.

Neuroscience is an interdisciplinary field that integrates elements of biology, psychology, physics, chemistry, and other disciplines to study the structure and function of the nervous system at many levels, ranging from molecules and cells to circuits and behavior.

A PhD in Neuroscience program allows students to specialize in fields such as cognitive neuroscience, developmental neuroscience, computational neuroscience, neuropharmacology, neurophysiology, neuroanatomy, or clinical neuroscience, among others.

How much money do people make with a PhD in Neuroscience?

Individuals with a PhD in Neuroscience can earn better pay than others with less knowledge in the discipline, however the exact salary can vary greatly.

Salaries in academia, which includes jobs such as postdoctoral researchers, research scientists, and professors, can vary greatly based on experience and institution.

According to BLS and other sources, the median annual wage for postsecondary biological science teachers (which includes many neuroscience faculty positions) was around $83,000 in 2021, while the median annual wage for medical scientists (including neuroscience researchers) was around $88,000.

Salary levels in industry or the private sector can also vary greatly based on the type of company, level of specialization, and location.

One in pharmaceutical or biotechnology businesses, for example, where brain research may be focused on drug discovery or clinical trials, may pay more than academic ones.

Professions in research and development (R&D) or leadership roles in neuroscience-related sectors may also pay more than entry-level or technician professions.

What is expected job growth with PhD in Neuroscience?

Individuals with a PhD in Neuroscience have a generally good job growth prognosis, albeit this can vary based on the exact career path and geographic area.

Neuroscience is a fast expanding profession with an increasing demand for knowledge of the brain and nervous system. Neuroscience researchers and faculty posts in universities, research organizations, and academic medical facilities are often in high demand.

However, competition for tenure-track posts can be severe, and obtaining a permanent teaching position may necessitate much effort and experience.

PhD-trained neuroscientists can find work in pharmaceutical and biotechnology businesses, neuroscience-related sectors, and research and development (R&D) positions in the private sector.

Positions such as research scientists, drug discovery scientists, clinical researchers, and data scientists are examples of these.

There may also be chances in science communication, policy, and advocacy, as well as consultancy and other positions requiring neurological competence.

Furthermore, with a greater emphasis on brain health and neurological illnesses, neuroscientists may be in higher demand in healthcare settings such as hospitals, clinics, and rehabilitation facilities.

Opportunities in government agencies, non-profit organizations, and other sectors requiring competence in neuroscience research and application may also exist.

What can you do with a PhD in Neuroscience?

With a PhD in Neuroscience, you can follow a variety of employment options based on your interests, talents, and ambitions. Individuals with a PhD in Neuroscience may pursue the following careers:

1. Academic research and education: Many PhD-trained neuroscientists work as postdoctoral researchers, research scientists, or faculty members at universities, research institutions, and academic medical facilities. They do original research, publish scientific publications, acquire research funding, and teach and mentor students in subjects relevant to neurology.

2. Industry and the private sector: PhD-trained neuroscientists can find work in pharmaceutical and biotechnology businesses, neuroscience-related sectors, and research and development (R&D) positions. Positions such as research scientists, drug discovery scientists, clinical researchers, data scientists, and others involved in discovering novel medications, conducting clinical trials, or analyzing and interpreting data may fall into this category.

3. Science communication and policy: Some individuals with a PhD in Neuroscience may choose to work in science communication, policy, or advocacy roles, where they translate scientific research for public understanding, engage in science policy, or advocate for evidence-based neuroscience and brain health policies. This can include working in government agencies, non-profit groups, or the media.

4. Healthcare and clinical practice: Neuroscientists with a PhD may also work in healthcare settings, such as hospitals, clinics, and rehabilitation facilities, as clinical researchers, neurodiagnosticians, or neurorehabilitation specialists. They may be involved in patient care, clinical research, or the development of new therapeutics for neurological illnesses.

5. Consulting and industry collaborations: PhD-trained neuroscientists may serve as consultants for a variety of businesses, including pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, medical devices, and others, providing experience in neuroscience research, data analysis, and product development. They may also work on research and development projects with industrial partners.

6. Entrepreneurship and startups: Some PhD-level neuroscientists may choose to start their own businesses or work with startups, leveraging their neuroscience expertise to develop innovative technologies, products, or services related to brain health, neurotechnology, or other neuroscience applications.

7. Non-profit and advocacy organizations: Non-profit and advocacy organizations focused on neuroscience research, brain health, and neurological illnesses may hire individuals with a PhD in Neuroscience. These groups could be involved in research financing, education, patient advocacy, or policy activities.

What are the requirements for a PhD in Neuroscience?

The specific requirements for obtaining a PhD in Neuroscience can vary depending on the institution and program, but generally, the following are common requirements:

1. Bachelor’s or Master’s Degree: Applicants to most PhD programs in Neuroscience must have a Bachelor’s degree from a recognized university. Although it is not usually required, certain schools may accept applicants with a Master’s degree in a related discipline.

2. Academic Transcripts: Applicants are usually expected to present certified transcripts of their undergraduate and graduate education, which demonstrate their academic performance and achievement.

3. Statement of Purpose: Applicants are typically expected to provide a personal statement or statement of purpose detailing their research interests, academic ambitions, and reason for pursuing a PhD in Neuroscience.

4. Standardized Test Scores: Applicants to many PhD programs may be required to submit scores from standardized tests such as the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) or other related assessments.

5. Letters of Recommendation: Applicants to PhD programs in Neuroscience are frequently required to provide letters of recommendation from academic or professional sources who may speak to the applicant’s academic talents, research potential, and eligibility for a PhD program.

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How long does it take to get a phd in neuroscience.

The time it takes to acquire a PhD in Neuroscience depends on a number of factors, including the specific school, the individual’s rate of advancement, and the requirements of the research topic. In general, a PhD in Neuroscience normally requires 4-6 years of full-time study and research after completing a bachelor’s degree.

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Do you need a masters in neuroscience to get a phd in neuroscience.

In general, admission to most PhD programs in Neuroscience does not require applicants to hold a Master’s degree in Neuroscience or a related discipline.

A Master’s degree in Neuroscience or a related discipline, on the other hand, can be advantageous in the PhD application process.

A Master’s degree in Neuroscience might show PhD program admissions committees that an applicant has a solid understanding of the topic through coursework, research experience, and possibly publications.

It may also suggest that the applicant has already gained some research abilities and expertise that will be beneficial in obtaining a PhD in Neuroscience.

What are the Best PhD in Neuroscience Degree programs?

1. harvard university – phd in neuroscience 2. massachusetts institute of technology (mit) – phd in brain and cognitive sciences 3. stanford university – phd in neurosciences 4. university of california, san francisco (ucsf) – phd in neuroscience 5. johns hopkins university – phd in neuroscience 6. university of california, berkeley (uc berkeley) – phd in neuroscience 7. washington university in st. louis – phd in neuroscience 8. duke university – phd in neurobiology 9. yale university – phd in neuroscience 10. university of pennsylvania – phd in neuroscience, leave a comment cancel reply.

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Admissions Frequently Asked Questions

Eligibility, what is the minimum gpa or gre score you require for admission.

There is no minimum requirement for these forms of assessment.

I do not have a background in science, am I still eligible? What field/major do most accepted applicants come from?

Students are admitted into the program each year from a variety of disciplines. There is no one “right” way into the Neurosciences Program and no one “composite” student. The admissions committee works very hard to holistically evaluate each applicant. Students are selected from diverse backgrounds based on a variety of factors, including academic achievements, letters of recommendation attesting to research and academic skills, statement of purpose, and Graduate Record Examination scores. Because of the interdisciplinary nature of the Neurosciences, students are enrolled with backgrounds ranging from computational to biological; the program selects talented and highly motivated students with evidence of creativity and scientific rigor, regardless of exact disciplinary background.

Which courses should I take to prepare for the program?

Students from traditional biology backgrounds are expected to show strong achievement in molecular and cellular biology, biochemistry and neuroscience. Students from more quantitative backgrounds should demonstrate considerable competence in mathematics (calculus, differential equations, linear algebra), physics, probability theory, and statistics. Students from psychology backgrounds should be well versed in cognitive science, experimental psychology, neuroscience and statistics.

Must applicants have publications in order to be admitted?

No, publications are not required.

How important is research experience?

Research experience is very important, but the exact disciplinary area is not critical.

Do I need an advanced degree (M.A., M.S.) to apply?

No, you do not need an advanced degree.

Application Submission

Is there only one application period each year, how many applications do you receive.

While it varies from year to year, we generally receive several hundred applications each admissions cycle.

How many students are accepted to the program?

8-15 students are generally accepted each year.

Which GRE Subject Test should I take?

The GRE subject test is not required. Should you choose to take the subject test, any of them are suitable except perhaps the English literature test. Some applicants opt to take the Biology test.

Can I substiute MCAT scores for GRE scores?

My recommenders/institution would like to use a letter service - is this ok, what if my supplemental materials do not arrive by the specified deadline.

Your application must be submitted by the application deadline in order to be considered. It is possible that supplemental information received after the deadline will be reviewed but we cannot guarantee this.

What if one of my recommenders fails to provide you with a letter?

Your application may still be reviewed, but it is not guaranteed. We strongly encourage applicants to ask for letters of recommendation early.

Is there any advantage to applying as soon as the application period begins?

No, there is no distinct advantage, as all of the applications are reviewed after the final deadline. However, it is important not to wait until the last minute to submit your application and certainly it is important to give your letter writers plenty of advance notice of the deadline.

Interviews and Acceptance

When will i find out if i got an interview.

Generally, invitations to attend interviews are extended in early to mid-January.

Must I attend the entire interview session?

Can i do an interview via skype or phone, i was not invited to interview. can you tell me why, or how i can improve my application.

Unfortunately, our office does not have the resources to inform applicants as to why they were not invited to interview. Similarly, we are not able to assess your qualifications as an applicant.  

When will I find out if I was accepted to the program?

It does vary, but generally, applicants being offered admission into the program receive an offer soon after interview session. However, with a rolling admissions process, offers of admission may be extended at any time before April 15.

Can I reapply if I am not admitted in a given year?

May i contact faculty directly.

Prospective applicants are encouraged to contact faculty with whom they might be interested in working. However, it should be made absolutely clear that the faculty member is being contacted only about the work he/she is doing in the lab and not about admissions-related questions.

How long does the program take?

The average time to degree is just over 5 years.

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• What is neuroscience?
• Departments
• Undergraduate
• Postgraduate
• Research Themes

Study a Neuroscience PhD programme at King's:

• Research project topics span from molecules to mind, including clinical and translational aspects to make a meaningful differences in people's health
• Be part of an international and diverse student body, studying at one of three central London campuses, with an active student Neuroscience Society ( Neurosoc ) 
• Extensive programmes of seminars by our faculty and international neuroscience research stars
• Opportunities to present research findings at national and international neuroscience conferences and publish in leading journals
• Teaching opportunities for PhD students via  King's Talent Bank

What you will study

King's PhD students can complete three-year projects focusing on a specific research project or a four-year studentship through a MRes/PhD programmes. These studentships follow a '1+3' model, in which students undertake lab rotations and transferable skills training in the first year, then perform their extended lab project over years 2-4. 

PhD students gain:

• Independent project and team-working skills
• Acuity in analytical skills and critique of the literature
• Ability to communicate findings to a wide range of audiences

Read our guide on how to apply for a PhD .

Explore King's Neuroscience

Our research

Leading the world in understanding brain function and finding new treatments for patients

Facilities & Resources

World-class neuroscience facilities & resources, including MRI, neuroimaging equipment, and King's…

Find out more about Neuroscience PhDs at King’s

MRC Doctoral Training Partnership in Biomedical Sciences

Neuroscience Doctoral Training Partnerships at King's College London.

Wellcome Trust PhD Training Programme in Neuro-Immune Interactions in Health and Disease

The Centre for Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine (CSCRM) in the Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine…

News and events

10 April 2024

Researchers identify neurons responsible for key activity transition in brain development

SST+ and PV+ interneurons are responsible for the transition between early and adult patterns of…

3 April 2024

Professor Thomas Sears (1928-2024)

Tribute to Thomas Sears, Honorary Visiting Professor of Neurophysiology at IoPPN, who died on 19…

28 March 2024

Professor Esther Bell delivers IoPPN inaugural lecture

"Hopping into Education: from Frogs to Pedagogues" was delivered by the Professor of Bioscience…

Professor Matthew Grubb - Inaugural Lecture

09 May 2024

Join us in celebrating Professor Grubb's inaugural lecture on 'Nosing around in the changing…

College Reality Check

Is Neuroscience Hard? Here’s What You Need to Know

On average, neuroscientists make $91,510 per year, says the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Some of the highest-paid are those who work for pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing companies. And now you are wondering if taking a Neuroscience program in college is going to be hard because neuroscientists are paid very well.

Neuroscience is hard because the core courses such as biology, chemistry, and mathematics are challenging. Earning a Ph.D. or MD in Neuroscience also requires students to stay in school so much longer. A graduate degree in Neuroscience, since it is in the medical field, can be hard on the pocket, too.

Don’t stop reading now if you are thinking about becoming a neuroscientist one day.

Below, you will come across some of the most important matters you need to know about turning your dream into a reality. We will talk about things like what neuroscientists do, which schools have the best programs, how you can get admitted into one, how long you will have to be in school, and how much a Neuroscience degree costs these days.

What Do Neuroscientists Do?

There are various types of neuroscientists. However, no matter the branch they are in, all neuroscientists focus on the nervous system, especially the brain and its impact on cognition and behavior. Neuroscientists also concentrate on what happens to the nervous system when problems with it show up.

One neuroscientist can differ from another neuroscientist based on the degree and specialization.

So, in other words, you can get your hands on a bachelor’s degree or a PhD or an MD, depending on which type of neuroscientist you want to become one day. For instance, you can be a neuroscientist who publishes studies or finds out how the brain develops. Or you can be a neuroscientist who invents drugs or someone who treats people.

Being a neuroscientist, you can specialize in a wide variety of fields, each one of them can help improve man’s understanding of the brain and the rest of the nervous system — from how they work to what effects happen to them in the presence of neurological, psychiatric, and neurodevelopmental issues.

The following are some of the major branches of neuroscience:

• Affective neuroscience
• Behavioral neuroscience
• Clinical neuroscience
• Cognitive neuroscience
• Computational neuroscience
• Cultural neuroscience
• Developmental neuroscience
• Molecular and cellular neuroscience
• Neuroanatomy
• Neuroengineering
• Neuroevolution
• Neuroimaging
• Neuroinformatics
• Neurolinguistics
• Neuropharmacology
• Neurophilosophy
• Neurophysiology
• Systems neuroscience

Because of the focus, commitment and demands that the job of neuroscientists requires (not to mention that the majority of them work full-time), it isn’t surprising why they make a lot of money every year.

The following are the average annual wages of neuroscientists in various industries in which they work:

How much money you will make an hour or per year when you are already a neuroscientist can be affected by factors other than the program you have completed.

Some common examples include experience level, type of employment, location of employment, and, more importantly, the specialty.

One of the nicest things about earning a Neuroscience degree is that you can apply for various jobs in the medical field or healthcare industry. Even an undergraduate degree in Neuroscience, in many instances, is usually enough to make you eligible to work as any of the following:

• Clinical scientist
• Clinical research assistant
• Pharmaceutical researcher
• Laboratory or pharmacy technician
• Medical/healthcare or natural sciences manager
• Biotechnologist
• Forensic science technician
• Psychometrist
• Residential counsellor
• Sales engineer

After obtaining your undergraduate degree in Neuroscience, you may apply to a graduate school to earn either a Ph.D. or MD in Neuroscience or both.

Needless to say, this will open more and higher-paying career opportunities for you. However, before you get to enjoy that privilege, you will first have to stay in school for many more years.

Related Article: Is Electrical Engineering Hard?

Which Colleges Have the Best Neuroscience Degrees?

Some of the best Neuroscience degrees in the US are being offered by high-ranking colleges and universities, consisting of the Ivy Leagues and various selective schools. Leading the list are Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Harvard University, Yale University and the University of San Diego.

Due to the nature of the work of neuroscientists, be it those who partake in medical research or perform clinical work, it is a good idea for a student wanting to become one to attend a college with a good Neuroscience program.

This is most especially true since attending graduate school after four years is usually required.

In the US, nearly 6,000 colleges and universities are in existence. Only a little more than 300 of those have Neuroscience programs. But it doesn’t mean that you can complete a Neuroscience program at just any institution and expect to be admitted into graduate school or paid well after graduation.

A large majority of neuroscientists end up in the medical field. It’s because of this exactly why having a solid Neuroscience program that can only come from a reputable and accredited college or university is a definite must. Needless to say, students who are looking to become neuroscientists one day should build the right college list.

Here are some of the top US schools with Neuroscience programs , starting from the best:

It’s not enough to ensure that the college or university you are about to apply to offers a winning Neuroscience program that graduate schools and employers alike will respect.

You should also consider the following:

• Cost of attendance
• Financial aid
• Student-to-faculty ratio
• Internship support
• Research opportunities

Related Article: Easiest and Hardest Ivy League Colleges to Get Into

What are the Requirements to Enroll in a Neuroscience Degree?

The requirements for a Neuroscience undergraduate program can vary from college to college. They include completing certain courses and having the minimum GPA. For admission into a Neuroscience graduate program, meeting the required academic background and having research experience are required.

Students who wish to become neuroscientists with a PhD or an MD will have to meet certain requirements twice. One is when applying to an undergraduate program, and the other is when applying to a graduate program.

It’s true that different schools with Neuroscience programs have different requirements.

However, many or all of them tend to share the same requirements for admission, such as being enrolled in or having completed some prerequisite courses.

Most are in the STEM field, although it’s not unlikely for some of the required coursework to be in the realm of human sciences. Some common examples include:

• Biochemistry
• Mathematics

Like other four-year courses, a bachelor’s degree in Neuroscience can be completed in four years.

However, some students, in particular non-traditional ones who are busy with things other than pursuing higher education, might end up spending six years in college before earning their BA or BS in Neuroscience degree.

On the other hand, those who choose to complete an online Neuroscience program may be able to get their degree in just three years, depending on their pace.

Making sure that the Neuroscience program is being offered by an accredited online school is a must!

After completing their Neuroscience undergraduate program, those who would like to gain admission into a Neuroscience graduate program and earn their Ph.D. or MD in Neuroscience will have to meet a new set of requirements.

As expected, different graduate schools will have different requirements, but they are mostly as follow:

• Minimum college GPA – Depending on the school, it can be as low as 3.0 to as high as 4.0.
• Bachelor’s degree from an accredited institution – In some universities, a degree in Neuroscience is preferred, but those with courses in biology, chemistry, biochemistry, physics and mathematics are welcome to apply, too.
• Research experience – Sometimes, it’s not required but considered an advantage.

It’s important to note that general requirements for applying to colleges and universities may be required, too. Some common examples include supplementary essays and letters of recommendation.

Since an MD in Neuroscience is offered at medical schools, applicants must first take and pass the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT). Simply put, the MCAT is a standardized test all students who wish to gain admission into medical schools in the country have to take beforehand. It is a computer-based, multiple-choice type of exam.

Just like the SAT and ACT, the MCAT doesn’t have a failing or passing score.

However, there is such a thing as a bad MCAT score: below 506, which is the average score of all test-takers. Keep in mind that each medical school in the country has its own average MCAT score. Having a score equal to or higher than what an institution is looking for is key to getting an acceptance letter.

Related Article: Here’s How Hard It is to Get Into Pharmacy School

How Long Does It Take to Become a Neuroscientist?

To get a PhD in Neuroscience, a student typically has to stay in school for up to 10 years — four years in undergraduate school and four to six more years in graduate school. On the other hand, to earn an MD in Neuroscience, a student usually has to stay in school anywhere from 10 to 15 long years.

Getting your hands on a Neuroscience undergraduate program will take you four years. Needless to say, earning it requires you to go to college for the same length of time as completing any other four-year program.

However, it is a completely different matter if you prefer to have either a Ph.D. or MD in Neuroscience.

No matter if a Doctor of Philosophy or being a medical doctor is what you want, you will have to stay further in school after having your bachelor’s degree in Neuroscience, which can come in either a BA or BS. In many instances, you will have to remain in school longer than when completing a Neuroscience undergraduate program.

Here’s how long it will take before you earn your Ph.D. in Neuroscience and can start doing research projects:

And now, this is how long it will take before you can become a neuroscientist performing clinical work:

Some institutions also offer a joint Ph.D. and MD Neuroscience program. As the name suggests, it allows for the attainment of both graduate degrees in Neuroscience. To earn a joint degree, you will have to complete medical school courses, laboratory and clinical rotations, and a thesis.

It will take about eight years to complete a joint Ph.D. and MD Neuroscience program.

Students who wish to earn an MD in Neuroscience will have to take and pass various examinations. It all begins with MCAT. As mentioned earlier, while we were talking about the requirements for enrolling in a Neuroscience degree, the MCAT is a part of the admissions process in medical schools in the US.

After completing an MD in Neuroscience and an internship or residency program, too, the next step is for the degree holders to get state-licensed and board-certified.

This is done by taking the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) and the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology (ABPN) exams.

How Much Does a Neuroscience Degree Cost?

The cost of completing a Neuroscience program can vary from school to school as well as from program to program. For the academic year 2020 to 2021, the tuition at colleges and universities offering Neuroscience programs averaged at $39,475 (undergraduate programs) and $28,457 (graduate programs).

Besides the courses, another thing that makes earning a Neuroscience degree hard is the cost of completing the necessary program. The cost can pile up the longer a student stays in school in order to earn the desired degree.

It goes without saying that the cost of a Neuroscience program is higher at a private institution than at a public institution. And at a public institution offering a Neuroscience program, the cost of completing a Neuroscience degree is generally so much cheaper for an in-state student than for an out-of-state student.

Earlier, when we were checking out a listing of the top US schools with Neuroscience programs, Harvard University was the second-best.

This is why it’s for certain that many students who want nothing but the best possible Neuroscience degree will be interested to know how much it would cost them to earn it from the Ivy League.

And because of this…

Let’s take a quick look at the breakdown of the estimated cost of attendance of an undergraduate degree at Harvard University for the academic year 2021 to 2022:

The following is the breakdown of the estimated cost of attendance for the academic year 2021 to 2022 of a Ph.D. program at the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences at Harvard University:

And now, here is the breakdown of the estimated cost of attendance of an MD program at Harvard Medical School for the academic year 2021 to 2022:

Doing the math, earning a Ph.D. in Neuroscience, and an undergraduate degree beforehand at Harvard University can cost anywhere from $646,044 to $804,930 . Meanwhile, obtaining an MD in Neuroscience as well as the prerequisite undergraduate degree can cost you $718,456 (internship and residency fees excluded).

Related Article: Getting a Full-Ride Scholarship to Harvard, Princeton, or Yale

Just Before You Apply to a Neuroscience Program

Whether it’s the program or the job itself, neuroscience can be very challenging. However, it can also be both noble and rewarding. This is why many students still opt for an undergraduate degree or a Ph.D. or an MD in Neuroscience despite the budgetary and intellectual demands that come with earning it.

Above, we discussed various must-knows, from how much neuroscientists make to how much it is to become one.

More than willing to subject yourself to the demands of getting a Neuroscience degree and more than happy to reap the fruits of your hard work? Then the only thing left for you to do is apply to a school with a good Neuroscience program and then stay committed and determined until you get your hands on your degree.

Read Also: 20 Most Employable Degrees

Independent Education Consultant, Editor-in-chief. I have a graduate degree in Electrical Engineering and training in College Counseling. Member of American School Counselor Association (ASCA).

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