an essay towards a real character and a philosophical language

An essay towards a real character, and a philosophical language by John Wilkins ...

Author: wilkins, john, 1614-1672. 1668.

O xford T ext A rchive

• Text Creation Partnership
• Monday 13th. of April 1668. At a Meeting of the Council of the ROYAL SOCIETY:

To the Right Honourable WILLIAM LORD VISCOUNT BROUNCKER, PRESIDENT; Together with the rest of the COVNCIL and FELLOWS of the ROYAL SOCIETY.

To the reader., the contents., in the margin., of discourse, or the several notions belonging to grammar or logick., chap. ii. i. concerning god. ii. of the several things and notions reducible under that collective genus of world., of herbs considered according to their flowers., of herbs considered according to their seed-vessel., of exanguious animals., of general parts., of magnitude., of measure., of natural power., of manners., of sensible quality., of sickness., spiritual action., corporeal action., oeconomical relation., oeconomical possessions., provisions., civil relation., judicial relation., military relation., naval relation., ecclesiastical relation..

• CHAP. XII. I. A general Explication of the design of the foregoing Tables. II. Particular Instances in the six principal heads of it. III. Some things to be noted concerning Opposites and Synonyma. IV. An enumeration of what kinds of things are not to be particularly provided for in such tables.
• CHAP. I. 1. Concerning the several kinds and Parts of Grammar. 2. Of Etymology, the general Scheme of Integralls and Particles. 3. Of Nouns in general. 4. Of Substantives Common, denoting either Things, Actions, or Persons. 5. Rules concerning Nouns of Action. 6. Of Substantive abstracts. 7. Of Adjectives according to the true Philosophical notion of them. 8. The true notion of a Verb. 9. Of derived Adverbs. 10. A general Scheme of the fore-mentioned Derivations.
• CHAP. II. 1. Of Particles in general. 2. Of the Copula. 3. Of Pronouns more generally. 4. More Particularly. 5. Of Interjections more generally. 6. More Particularly.

CHAP. III. § I. Of Prepositions in General. § II. The particular kinds of them. § III. Explication of the four last Combinations of them, relating to Place, or Time.

Chap. iv. i. of adverbs in general. ii. the particular kinds of them. iii. of conjunctions., chap. v. i. of articles. ii. of modes. iii. of tenses. iv. the most distinct way of expressing the differences of time..

• CHAP. VI. I. Of Transcendental Particles, The end and use of them. II. The usual ways for enlarging the sense of words in Instituted Languages. III. The General Heads of Transcendental Particles.
• CHAP. VII. Instances of the great usefulness of these Transcendental Particles, with directions how they are to be applyed.
• CHAP. VIII. Of the Accidental Difference of words. I. Inflexion. II. Derivation. III. Composition.

CHAP. IX. Of the second part of Grammar called Syntax.

• CHAP. X. Of Orthography. I. Concerning the doctrine of Letters: the Authors who have treated of this Subject. II. A brief Table of such simple sounds as can be framed by men. III. A further explication of this Table, as to the Organs of Speech, and as to the letters framed by these Organs.

CHAP. XI. Of Vowels.

Chap. xii. of consonants., the lords prayer..

• CHAP. XIV. Of the Accidents of Letters. 1. Their Names. 2. Their Order. 3. Their Affinities and Opposition. 4. Their Figure, with a twofold Instance of a more regular Character for the Letters, the latter of which may be stiled Natural. 5. Of Pronunciation. 6. Of the several letters disused by several Nations.
• CHAP. I. The Proposal of one kind of Real Character (amongst many others which might be offered) both for the Integrals, whether Genus's, Differences or Species, together with the Derivatio•s and Inflexions belonging to them, as likewise for all the several kinds of Particles.
• CHAP. III. How this Real Character may be made effable in a distinct Language, and what kind of Letters or Syllables may be conveniently assigned to each Character.
• CHAP. V. Directions for the more easie Learning of this Character and Language, together with a brief Table containing the Radicals, both Integrals and Particles; together with the Character and Language by which each of these is to be exprest.

TRANS. G. PREDIC.

Trans. rel mix., trans. rel. of act., discours. lang., parts pecul., element meteor, stone concret., herb accord to the leaf, herb accor. to the flow., herb acc to the seedv., magnit. extens;, measure propor., n. power impot., exang. insect., habit dispos., manners convers., sens. quality, sickness health, vnnecessary rules in the latin syntax., an advertisement to the reader., the alphabetical dictionary..

This material was created by the Text Creation Partnership in partnership with ProQuest's Early English Books Online, Gale Cengage's Eighteenth Century Collections Online, and Readex's Evans Early American Imprints.

Monday 13 th. of April 1668. At a Meeting of the Council of the ROYAL SOCIETY:

Ordered, That the Discourse presented to the Royall So­ciety, Entituled, An Essay towards a Real Character, and Philosophical Language, be Printed by the Printer to the Royal Society.

AN ESSAY Towards a REAL CHARACTER, And a PHILOSOPHICAL LANGUAGE.

By JOHN WILKINS D.D. Dean of RIPON, And Fellow of the ROYAL SOCIETY.

LONDON, Printed for SA: GELLIBRAND, and for IOHN MARTYN Printer to the ROYAL SOCIETY, 1668.

I NOW at length present to your Lordship those Papers I had drawn up concerning a Real Character, and a Philosophicall Language, which by severall Orders of the So­ciety have been required of Me. I have been the longer about it, partly because it required some considerable time to reduce the Collections I had by me to this purpose, into a tolerable or­der; and partly because when this work was done in Writing, and the Impression of it well nigh finished, it hapned (amongst many other better things) to be burnt in the late dreadfull Fire; by which, all that was Print­ed (excepting only two Copies) and a great part of the unprinted Original was destroyed: The repairing of which, hath taken up the greatest part of my time ever since. I mention this by way of Apology for that slack­ness and delay, I may seem to be guilty of in my obedience to your Orders.

[Page] I am not so vain as to think that I have here com­pletely finished this great undertaking, with all the ad­vantages of which such a design is capable. Nor on the other hand, am I so diffident of this Essay, as not to b [...] ­lieve it sufficient for the business to which it pretends, namely the distinct expression of all things and notions that fall under discourse.

I am sensible of sundry defects in the severall parts of this Book: And therefore would make it my humble mo­tion to your Lordship and this Society, that you would by your Order appoint some of our number, thoroughly to examin & consider the whole, and to offer their thoughts concerning what they judge fit to be amended in it. Par­ticularly in those Tables that concern the species of Na­tural bodies ; which, if they were (so far as they are yet known and discovered) distinctly reduced and described, This would very much promote and facilitate the know­ledg of Nature, which is one great end of your Institu­tion. And besides, the ranging of these things into such an order as the Society shall approve, would afford a very good method for your Repository, both for the disposal of what you have already, and the supplying of what you want, towards the compleating of that Collection, so generously begun of late, by the bounty of M r. Daniel Collwal, a worthy Member of this Society. And by this means, I should not doubt, but that in a very short space, you would have the most usefull Repository in the World.

It is no easie undertaking to Enumerate all such mat­ters as are to be provided for in such a design; But the business of Defining, being amongst all others the most nice and difficult, must needs render it a very hard task for any one to attempt the doing of this, for all kinde of [Page] Things, Notions, and Words, which yet is necessary to the design here proposed.

Vpon which account I may be excused for being so sollicitous about the assistance of others in these matters, because of their great difficulty and importance. The compleating of such a design, being rather the work of a College and an Age, then of any single Person: I mean, the combined Studies of many Students, amongst whom, the severall shares of such a Work should be distributed; And that for so long a course of time, wherein sufficient experiments might be made of it by practice.

It has been sayd concerning that famous Italian Aca­demy styled de la Crusca, consisting of many choice Men of great Learning, that they bestowed forty years in fi­nishing their Vocabulary. And 'tis well enough known, that those great Wits of the French Academy, did begin their Dictionary in the year 1639. And for the hast­ning of the Work, did distribute the parts of it amongst severall Committees; and yet that undertaking is (for ought I can understand) far enough from being finished.

Now if those famous Assemblies consisting of the great Wits of their Age and Nations, did judge this Work of Dictionary-making, for the polishing of their Language, worthy of their united labour and studies; Certainly then, the Design here proposed, ought not to be thought unworthy of such assistance; it being as much to be preferred before that, as things are better then words, as real knowledge is beyond elegancy of speech, as the general good of mankind, is beyond that of any particu­lar Countrey or Nation.

I am very sensible that the most usefull inventions do at their first appearance, make but a very slow progress in the World, unless helped forward by some particular ad­vantage. [Page] Logarithms were an Invention of excellent Art and usefulness; And yet it was a considerable time, before the Learned Men in other parts, did so farr take notice of them, as to bring them into use. The Art of Shorthand, is in its kind an Ingenious device, and of considerable usefulness, applicable to any Language, much wondered at by Travailers, that have seen the experience of it in England: And yet though it be above Three­score years, since it was first Invented, 'tis not to this day (for ought I can learn) brought into common pra­ctice in any other Nation. And there is reason enough to expect the like Fate for the design here proposed.

The only expedient I can think of against it, is, That it be sent abroad into the World, with the reputation of having bin considered and approved of, by such a Soci­ety as this; which may provoke, at least, the Learned part of the World, to take notice of it, and to give it such encouragement, as it shall appear to deserve.

And if upon such an amendment and recommen­dation by this Society, the design here proposed, should happen to come into common use, It would requite the Honour you bestow upon it, with abundant Interest. The being Instrumental in any such discovery as does tend to the Vniversal good of Mankind, being sufficient not only to make the Authors of it famous, but also the Times and Places wherein they live.

He that knows how to estimate, that judgment infli­cted on Mankind in the Curse of the Confusion, with all the unhappy consequences of it, may thereby judge, what great advantage and benefit there will be, in a re­medy against it. Men are content to bestow much time and pains in the Study of Languages, in order to their more easy conversing with those of other Nations. 'Tis [Page] said of Mithridates King of Pontus, that he was skilled in Two and twenty several Tongues, which were spoken in the several Provinces under his Dominion: Which, tho it were a very extraordinary attainment, yet how short a remedy was it against the Curse of the Confusion, considering the vast multitude of Languages that are in the World.

Besides that most obvious advantage which would ensue, of facilitating mutual Commerce, amongst the se­veral Nations of the World, and the improving of all Natural knowledge; It would likewise very much con­duce to the spreading of the knowledge of Religion. Next to the Gift of Miracles, and particularly that of Tongues, powred out upon the Apostles in the first plant­ing of Christianity, There is nothing that can more effe­ctually conduce to the further accomplishment of those Promises, which concern the diffusion of it, through all Nations, then the design which is here proposed.

To which it will be proper for me to add, That this design will likewise contribute much to the clearing of some of our Modern differences in Religion, by unmask­ing many wild errors, that shelter themselves under the disguise of affected phrases; which being Philosophically unfolded, and rendered according to the genuine and na­tural importance of Words, will appear to be inconsisten­cies and contradictions. And several of those pretended, mysterious, profound notions, expressed in great swelling words, whereby some men set up for reputation, being this way examined, will appear to be, either nonsence, or very flat and jejune.

And tho it should be of no other use but this, yet were it in these days well worth a mans pains and study, con­sidering the Common mischief that is done, and the many [Page] impostures and cheats that are put upon men, under the disguise of affected insignificant Phrases.

But what ever may be the issue of this attempt, as to the establishing of a real Character, and the bringing of it into Common use, amongst several Nations of the World (of which I have but very slender expectations;) yet this I shall assert with greater confidence, That the reducing of all things and notions, to such kind of Tables, as are here proposed (were it as compleatly done as it might be) would prove the shortest and plainest way for the attainment of real Knowledge, that hath been yet of­fered to the World. And I shall add further, that these very Tables (as now they are) do seem to me a much better and readier course, for the entring and training up of men in the knowledge of things, then any other way of Institution that I know of; which I should not presume to assert, before such able Iudges as those of this Society, were it not a thing I had well considered and were con­vinced of.

I have nothing further to add, but only the declaring myself to be most Zealously devoted to the Honour and Welfare of the Royal Society,

IT may perhaps be expected by some, that I should give an account of my ingaging in a Work of this nature so unsuitable to my Calling and Busi­ness.

For the satisfaction of such, they may please to take notice, that this Work was first undertaken, during that vacancy and leasure which I formerly enjoyed in an Academicall station, to which the endeavours of promo­ting all kind of usefull knowledge, whereby Learning may be improved, is a very suitable imployment. In the time of that daily and intimate converse which I then injoyed, with that most Learned and excellent Person Dr. Seth Ward, the present Bishop of Salisbury. I had frequent occasion of conferring with him, concerning the various Desiderata, proposed by Learned men, or such things as were conceived yet wanting to the advancement of several parts of Learning; amongst which, this of the Universal Character, was one of the principal, most of which he had more deeply considered, than any other Person that I knew. And in reference to this particular, he would say, That as it was one of the most usefull, so he judged it to be one of the most feasible, amongst all the rest, if pro­secuted in a regular way. But for all such attemps to this purpose, which he had either seen or heard of, the Authors of them did generally mistake in their first foundations; whilst they did propose to themselves the framing of such a Cha­racter, from a Dictionary of Words, according to some particular Language, without reference to the nature of things, and that common Notion of them, wherein Mankind does agree, which must chiefly be respected, before any attempt of this nature could signifie any thing, as to the main end of it.

It was from this suggestion of his, that I first had any distinct apprehension of the proper course to be observed, in such an undertaking; having in a Treatise I had published some years before, proposed the Hebrew Tongue as consisting of fewest Radicals, to be the fittest ground work for such a design.

[Page] Besides the many Private conferences to this purpose, I must not forget to mention, that Publique account which he hath given to the World, of his thoughts upon this subject, in that Learned and Ingenious discourse styled Vindiciae Academiarum; wherein he endeavours to Vindicate those Ancient and famous Schools of Learning, from such reproaches, whereby some Ig­norant and ill-natured men (taking the advantage of those bad Times) would have exposed them to contempt and ruine. In which Treatise there is mention made of some considerable preparations, towards the Design here proposed, which if his other necessary imployments would have permitted him to have prosecuted, would without doubt, long ere this, have been ad­vanced to as great a Perfection, as the first Essay in so difficult a matter could have attained.

It was some considerable time after this, before I had any thought of attempting any thing in this kind: The first occasion of it was, from a desire I had, to give some assistance to another person, who was willing to ingage in this design of framing a real Character, from the Natural no­tion of things; for the helping of whom in so worthy an undertaking, I did offer to draw up for him, the Tables of Substance, or the species of Natural Bodies, reduced under their several Heads; which I did accord­ingly perform, much after the same Method, as they are hereafter set down: Though in the doing of it, I found much more labour and difficulty, then I expected, when I undertook it. But he for whom I had done this, not liking this method, as being of too great a Compass, conceiving that he could sufficiently provide for all the chief Radicals, in a much briefer and more easy way, did not think fit to make use of these Tables. Vpon which, being my self convinced, That this which I had begun, was the only course for the effecting of such a work, and being withal unwilling to loose so much pains as I had already taken towards it, I resolved (as my leasure would permit) to go on with the other Tables of Accidents. And when after many reviews and changes I had reduced (as well as I could) into these Tables, all simple things and notions, by a Considera­tion of them a Priori, I then judged it necessary to attempt the redu­ction of a [...] l other Words in the Dictionary to these Tables, either as they were Synonymous to them, or to be defined by them, which would be a means to try the fulness of these Tables, and consequently to supply their defects; And besides a great help to Learners, who without such a direction, might not perhaps at first be able to find out the true place and notion of many Words.

For the farther compleating of this Work, I found it necessary to take into consideration, the framing of such a Natural Grammar, as might be suited to the Philosophy of Speech, abstracting from those many unnecessary rules belonging to instituted Language; which proved a matter of no small difficulty, considering the little help to be had for it, from those few Authors who had before undertaken to do any thing in this kind.

In the doing of these things, I have not neglected any help that I could procure from others, and must acknowledge my self much ingaged to sun­dry Learned Men of my acquaintance, for their directions, and furtherance in such matters, as were most suitable to their several Studies and Profes­sions.

Amongst the rest, I must not forget to make particular mention of the special assistance I have received, in drawing up the Tables of Animals [Page] from that most Learned and Inquisitive Gentleman, a worthy Member of the Royal Society, Mr. Francis Willoughby, who hath made it his particular business, in his late Travails through the most considerable parts of Europe, to inquire after and understand the several species of Animals, and by his own Observations is able to advance that part of Learning, and to add many things, to what hath been formerly done, by the most Learned Authors in this kind.

And as for those most difficult Tables of Plants, I have received the like assistance, from one of his Companions in Travail, Mr. John Wray, Late Fellow of Trinity Colledge in Cambridge, who besides his other general Knowledge, hath with great success applyed himself to the Cultivating of that part of Learning.

And as for the principal difficulties, which I met with in any other part of this Work, I must acknowledge my self obliged to the continual assistance I have had, from my most Learned and worthy Friend, Dr. William Lloyd, then whom (so far as I am able to judge,) this Nation could not have afforded a fitter Person, either for that great Industry, or Accurate judgment, both in Philological, and Philosophical matters, required to such a Work. And particularly I must wholy ascribe to him that tedious and difficult task, of suting the Tables to the Dictionary, and the drawing up of the Dictionary it self, which upon tryal, I doubt not, will be found to be the most perfect, that was ever yet made for the English Tongue.

And here I think it proper to give notice that there are several Words mentioned in the Dictionary, and frequently used amongst some Authors, which are yet very questionable as to their fitness and propriety: Each of these were in the Original Coppy marked with an Asterisk, for the better distinction of them; but by some oversight, these marks have been omitted in the Im­pression.

If any shall suggest, that some of the Enquiries here insisted upon (as par­ticularly those about the Letters of the Alphabet) do seem too minute and trivial, for any prudent Man to bestow his serious thoughts and time a­bout. Such Persons may know, that the discovery of the true nature and Cause of any the most minute thing, doth promote real Knowledge, and there­fore cannot be unfit for any Mans endeauours, who is willing to contri­bute to the advancement of Learning. Vpon which Account some of the most eminent Persons, in several Ages, who were Men of business, have not disdained to bestow their pains about the First Elements of Speech.

Julius Caesar, is said to have written a Book de Analogia. And the Emperour Charles the Great, to have made a Grammar of his vulgar Tongue. So did St. Basil for the Greek; and St. Austin for the Latin, both extant in their Works.

Besides divers of great reputation both Ancient and Modern, who have Written whole Books on purpose, concerning the just Number of the Letters in the Alphabet; Others have applyed their disquisitions to some particular Let­ters: Messala Corvinus, a Great Man, and a famous Orator amongst the Romans, Writ a Book concerning the Letter S. Adamantius Martyr, was the Author of another Book, concerning the Letters V. and B. Our Learned Gataker has Published a Book concerning Dipthongs. And Jovianus Ponta­nus esteemed a Learned Man▪ hath Two Books de Adspiratione, or the Letter H. [Page] Mr. Franklyn hath published a particular Discourse concerning Accents, And Erycius Puteanus hath Written a Book purposely, de Inter punctione, of the true way of Pointing Clauses and Sentences. And these Generally well esteemed for their great usefulness in the Promoting of Learning: Which may be a sufficient Vindication against any Prejudices of this Nature.

• CHAPTER, I. I. THE Introduction. II. The Original of Languages. III. The First Mother Tongues. IV. Their several Offsprings. Page, 1
• CHAP. II. I. Concerning the various Changes and Corruptions, to which all vul­gar Languages are obnoxious. II. Particularly concerning the Change of the English Tongue. III. Whether any Language for­merly in use, be now wholly lost. IV. Concerning the first rise and occasion of New Languages. pag. 6
• CHAP. III. I. The Original of Letters and Writing. II. That all Letters were derived from the Hebrew. III. The use of Letters is less Antient, and the Kinds of them less numerous, than of Languages themselves. IV. Of Notes for secrecy or brevity. V. Of a Real Character. VI. Of Alphabets in General. pag. 10
• CHAP. IV. I. Of the defects in Common-Alphabets, as to the true Order of the Letters, II. Their just Number, III. Determinate Powers, V. Fitting Names, V. Proper Figures. VI. Of the Imperfections belonging to the Words of Languages, as to their Equivocalness, Variety of Synonymous Words, Uncertain Phraseologies, Improper way of Writing. pag. 14
• CHAP. V. I. That neither Letters nor Languages, have been regularly established by the Rules of Art. II. The Natural ground or Principle of the se­veral ways of Communication amongst Men. III. The first thing to be provided for, in the establishing of a Philosophical Character or Language, is a just enumeration of all such Things and Notions, to which Names are to be assigned. pag. 19
• CHAPTER. I. I. THE Scheme of Genus's. II. Concerning the more General No­tions of Things, The difficulty of Establishing these aright. III. Of Transcendentals General. IV. Of Transcendentals Mixed. [Page] V. Of Transcendental Relations of Action. VI. Of the several No­tions belonging to Grammar, or Logic. Page, 22
• CHAP. II. I. Concerning God. II. Of the several Things and Notions reducible under that Collective Genus of the World. pag 51
• CHAP. III. I. Of Elements and Meteors. II. Of Stones. III. Of Metals. pag. 56
• CHAP. IV. I. Of Plants, The difficulty of enumerating and describing these. II. The more general distribution of them. III. Of Herbs considered ac­cording to their Leaves. IV. Of Herbs considered according to their Flowers. V. Of Herbs considered according to their Seed Vessels. VI. Of Shrubs. VII. Of Trees. pag. 67
• CHAP. V. I. Concerning Animals, The General distribution of them. II. Of Exan­guious Animals. III. Of Fishes. IV. Of Birds. V. Of Beasts. VI. A Digression concerning the capacity of Noah's Ark. pag. 121
• CHAP. VI. I. Of Parts of Animate Bodies, whether I. Peculiar, or II. General. p. 168
• CHAP. VII. I. Concerning the Predicament of Quantitie. I. Of Magnitude. II. Of Space. III. Of Measure. pag. 181
• CHAP. VIII. Concerning the Predicament of Quality, and the several Genus's belong­ing to it. I. Of Natural Power. II. Of Habit. III. Of Manners. IV. Of Sensible Quality. V. Of Disease ; with the various differences and spe­cies under each of these. pag. 194
• CHAP. IX. Of the Predicament of Action ; The several Genus's under it. viz. I. Spi­ritual Action. II. Corporeal Action. III. Motion. IV. Operation. p. 225
• CHAP. X. Concerning Relation more private, namely I. Oeconomical, or Family Re­lation; together with the several kinds of things belonging to those in that capacity, either as II. Possessions, or III. Provisions. pag. 249
• CHAP. XI. Concerning Relation more Publike, whether I. Civil. II. Iudiciary. III. Naval. IV. Military. V. Ecclesiastical. pag. 263
• CHAP. XII. I. A General Explication of the design of the fore-going Tables. II. Par­ticular Instances in the six principal Genus's of it. III. Something to be noted concerning Opposites and Synonyma's. IV. An Account of what kind of things ought not to be provided for in such Tables. p. 289
• CHAPTER. I. I. COncerning the several Kinds and Parts of Grammar. II. Of Etymologie, The more general Scheme of Integrals and Parti­cles. III. Of Nouns in General. IV. Of Substantives common, denoting either Things, Actions, or Persons. V. Rules concerning Nouns of Action. VI. Of Substantives Abstracts. VII. Of Adjectives according to the true Philosophical notion of them. VIII. The true notion of a Verb. IX. Of derived Adverbs. X. A general Scheme of the forementioned Derivations. page, 297
• CHAP. II. I. Of Particles in General. II. Of the Copula. III. Of Pronouns more generally. IV. More particularly. V. Of Interjections more gene­rally. VI. More particularly. p. 304
• CHAP. III. I. Of Prepositions in general. II. The particular kinds of them enu­merated. III. An Explication of the four last Combinations of them, relating to Place or Time. p. 309
• CHAP. IV. I. Of Adverbs in general. II. The particular kinds of them. III. Of Conjunctions. p. 312
• CHAP. V. I. Of Articles. II. Of Modes. III. Of Tenses. IV. The most distinct way of expressing the differences of Time. p. 315
• CHAP. VI. I. Of Transcendental particles, The end and use of them. II. The usual ways for inlarging the sense of Words in instituted Languages. III. The general Heads of Transcendental Particles. p. 318
• CHAP. VII. Instances of the great usefulness of these Transcendental Particles, with directions how they are to be applyed. p. 323
• CHAP. VIII. Of the Accidental differences of Words. I. Inflexion. II. Derivation. III. Composition. p. 352
• CHAP. IX. Of the second part of Grammar called Syntax. p. 354
• CHAP. X. Of Orthography. I. Concerning Letters. The Authors who have treat­ed of this Subject. II. A brief Table of all such kinds of Simple sound, which can be framed by the mouths of Men. III. A fur­ther Explication of this Table, as to the Organs of Speech, and as to the Letters framed by these Organs. p. 357
• [Page] CHAP. XI. Of Vowels. p. 363
• CHAP. XII. Of Consonants. p. 366
• CHAP. XIII. Of Compound Vowels, and Consonants. p. 370
• CHAP. XIV. I. Of the Accidents of Letters, I. Their Names. II. Their Order. III. Affinities and Oppositions. IV. Their Figures, with a twofold Instance of a more regular Character for the Letters, The later of which may be styled Natural. V. Of Pronunciation. VI. The several Letters dis-used by several Nations. p. [...]
• CHAPTER I. The proposal of one kind of Real Character (amongst many other which might be offered) both for all Integrals, whether Genus's, Dif­ferences or Species ; together with the derivations and Inflexions be­longing to them, as likewise for all the several kinds of Particles. page, 385
• CHAP. II. An Instance of this Real Character, in the Lord's Prayer and the Creed. p. 395
• CHAP. III. How this Real Character may be made effable in a distinct Language, and what kind of Letters or Syllables may be conveniently assigned to each Character. p. 414
• CAHP. IV. Instance of this Philosohical Language, both in the Lord's Prayer and the Creed: A comparison of the Language here proposed, with fifty others, as to the facility and Euphonicalness of it. p. 421
• CHAP. V. Directions for the more easy learning of this Character and Language, with a brief Table containing the Radicals, both Integrals and Particles ; together with the Character and Language, by which each of them are to be expressed. p. 439
• CHAP. VI. The Appendix containing a Comparison betwixt this Natural Philoso­phical Grammar and that of other Instituted Languages, particu­larly the Latin, in respect of the multitude of unncecessary Rules and of Anomalisms, concerning the China Character: The several Attemps and Proposals made by others, towards a new kind of Character and Language. The advantage in respect of facility, which this Philosophical Language hath above the Latin. p. 441

PAGE 6. Line 17. Read Instituted by Art. p. 15. l. 9. r. 3. By assigning, &c. p. 16. l. 11. (Y) p. 27. l. 39. dele relief. p. 32. l. 43. dele poor. p. 40. l. 28. r. defer. p. 41. l. 21, 22. add administer, disperse, distribute Token, Fairing, to the preceding line. p. 70. l. 38. r. dryer. p. 73. l. 3. r. Laciniae. p. 91. l. 7, 8. r. of this Tribe. p. 94. l. 19. r. expand. p. 97. l 21, 31. r. Chichling. p. 133. l. 31. r. Oxyrhynchos. p. 134. l. [...] 8. r. Iozo. p. 139. l. 18. Channa. p. 147. l. 20. r. Cariocatactes. p. 150. l. 20, 21. r. Coccothrauctes. p. 153. Of Birds. p. 156. l. 13. Avosetta. p. 157. l. 48. Strepsiceros. p. 159. l. 5. r. Shrewmouse. p. 177. l. 10, &c. r. More properly Organical; Whether such parts as are

• External; used for the Senses, &c.
• Internal; used for Tasting, Speaking, or Eating.

p. 181. l. 40. after superficies add imyply­ing a respect to the sides or limits of it. p. 291. l. 49. dele the, l. 50. r. the word Change. p 292. l. 22. r. Arts. p. 299. l 35. r. Lux. p. 301. l. 14. r. Quantity. p. 309. l. 19. r. this. p. 324. l. 38. r. abber. p 346. l. 29. r. Flat. p. 368. l. 12. r. Thin. p. 390. l. 8, 9. r. upward, downward, above, below.

Pag. [...] 91. lin. 13. [...] p. 395. number, 71. [...] n. 74. [...] p. 399. n▪ 33. [...] p. 400. n. 37, 45. [...] p. 404. l. 3. n. 23. [...] n. 27 [...] n. 37. [...] n. 109. [...] p. 413. l. 20. [...] p. 422. l. 3. [...] . p. 427. n 37. cȣabys. p. 428. . l. 2. dele 86. l. 6. tȣalti. p 429 l. 19 for ȣ. r. s.

PAge 70. Read Muscus. p. 72. Oryza. p. 76. Petasites. p. 86. Conyza. p. 89. Perfoliata. Ery [...] gium. Sphondylium. p. 90 Charephyllon. p. 91. Thysselinum. Chamadrys. p. 92. Chamaepitis. p. 93. Stachis. Bugula. p. 95. Caryophyllata. p. 99. Scorpioides. Bupleurifolio. p. 102. Caryophyllus. Ascyrum. p. 103. Chamaedrys. p. 104. V [...] ola. Hyoscyamus. p. 106. Ebulus. p. 107. Grossularia. p. 108. Mahaleb. p. 109. Philyrhea. Pyracantha. Thyme [...] a. p. 115. Laurocerasus. p. 116. Pistacia. Corylus. p. 123. Proscarabaus. p. 142. L [...] uciscus. p. 148. Ruffa, Corylorum. p. 150. Alauda. Cenchramus. p. 152. Troglodytes. p. 158. Gazellus.

CHAP. I. I. The Introduction. II. The Original of Languages. III. The first Mother-tongues. IV. Their several Off-springs.

I N the handling of that subject, §. I. I have here proposed to treat of, I shall digest the things which to me seem most proper and material to be said upon this occasion, into four parts; according to this following Method.

In the first Part I shall premise some things as Pracognita, concerning such Tongues and Letters as are already in being, particularly concerning those various defects and imperfe­ctions in them, which ought to be supplyed and provided against, in any such Language or Character, as is to be invented according to the rules of Art.

The second Part shall contein that which is the great foundation of the thing here designed, namely a regular enumeration and description of all those things and notions, to which marks or names ought to be assigned according to their respective natures, which may be styled the Scientifical Part, comprehending Vniversal Philosophy. It being the pro­per end and design of the several branches of Philosophy to reduce all things and notions unto such a frame, as may express their natural order, dependence, and relations.

The third Part shall treat concerning such helps and Instruments, as are requisite for the framing of these more simple notions into continued Speech or Discourse, which may therefore be stiled the Organical or In­strumental Part, and doth comprehend the Art of Natural or Philoso­phical Grammar.

In the fourth Part I shall shew how these more generall Rules may be applyed to particular kinds of Characters, and Languages, giving an instance of each. To which shall be adjoyned by way of Appendix, a Discourse shewing the advantage of such a kind of Philosophical Chara­cter and Language, above any of those which are now known, more par­ticularly above that which is of most general use in these parts of the World; namely, the Latine.

Lastly, There shall be added a Dictionary of the English tongue, in which shall be shown how all the words of this Language, according to [Page 2] the various equivocal senses of them, may be sufficiently expressed by the Philosophical Tables here proposed.

I begin with the first of these.

§. II. The design of this Treatise being an attempt towards a new kind of Character and Language, it cannot therefore be improper to premise some­what concerning those already in being ; the first Original of them, their several kinds, the various changes and corruptions to which they are ly­able, together with the manifold defects belonging to them. This I shall endeavour to do in the former part of this Discourse.

There is scarce any subject that hath been more throughly scanned and debated amongst Learned men, than the Original of Languages and Letters. 'Tis evident enough that no one Language is natural to mankind, because the knowledge which is natural would generally re­main amongst men, notwithstanding the superinduction of any other particular Tongue, wherein they might be by Art. Nor is it much to be wondred at, that the ancient Heathen, who knew nothing of Scri­pture-revelation, should be inclined to believe, that either Men and Languages were eternal ; or, that if there were any particular time when men did spring out of the Earth, and after inhabit alone and dispersedly in Woods and Caves, they had at first no Articulate voice, but only such rude sounds as Beasts have; till afterwards particular Families increasing, or several Families joyning together for mutual safety and defence, under Government and Societies, they began by degrees and long practice to consent in certain Articulate sounds, whereby to communicate their thoughts, which in several Countries made several Languages, according to that in the Poet,

But to us, who have the revelation of Scripture, these kind of scru­ples and conjectures are sufficiently stated. And 'tis evident enough that the first Language was con-created with our first Parents, they immedi­ately understanding the voice of God speaking to them in the Garden. And how Languages came to be multiplyed, is likewise manifested in the Story of the Confusion of Babel. Gen. 11.1, 6. How many Languages, and which they were that sprang up at that Confusion, is altogether uncertain; whe­ther many of them that were then in being, be not now wholly lost; and many others, which had not the same original, have not since arisen in the world, is not (I think) to be doubted.

The most received Conjecture is, that the Languages of the Confusi­on were according to the several Families from Noah, which were 70 or 72. though there be very strong probabilities to prove that they were not so many, and that the first Dispersion did not divide mankind into so [Page 3] many Colonies. But now the several Languages that are used in the world do farre exceed this number. Nat. Hist. lib. 6. cap. 5. Strabo, lib. 11. Pliny and Strabo do both make mention of a great Mart-Town in Colchos named Dioscuria, to which men of three hundred Nations, and of so many several Languages, were wont to resort for Trading. Which, considering the narrow compass of Traf­fick before the invention of the magnetic Needle, must needs be but a small proportion, in comparison to those many of the remoter and un­known parts of the world.

Some of the American Histories relate, Mr. Cambden 's Remains. that in every fourscore miles of that vast Country, and almost in every particular valley of Peru, the Inhabitants have a distinct Language. And one who for several years travelled the Northern parts of America about Florida, Purchas Pilg. lib. 8. sect. 4. chap. 1. and could speak six several Languages of those people, doth affirm, that he found, upon his enquiry and converse with them, more than a thousand different Lan­guages amongst them.

As for those Languages which seem to have no derivation from, or de­pendance upon, or affinity with one another, §. III. they are styled Linguae ma­trices, or Mother-tongues. Of these Ioseph Scaliger affirms there are ele­ven, and not more, used in Europe ; Diatribe de Europaeorum linguis. whereof four are of more general and large extent, and the other seven of a narrower compass and use. Of the more general Tongues.

1. The Greek was anciently of very great extent, not onely in Europe, but in Asia too, and Afric, Brerewood 's Enquiries, chap. 1. where several Colonies of that Nation were planted; by which dispersion and mixture with other people it did de­generate into several Dialects. Besides those four that are commonly noted, the Doric, Ionic, Aeolic, Attic, Herodotus doth mention four several Dialects of the Ionic. The inhabitants of Rhodes, Cyprus, Crete, had each of them some peculiarity in their Language. And the present Coptic or Aegyptian seems, both from the words and the character, to be a branch of this family, and was probably spred amongst that people in the days of Alexander the Great, upon his conquering of them: Though some conceive that there were at least 30000 families of Greeks planted in that Country long before his time.

2. The Latin, though this be much of it a derivation from the Greek, (of which the now French, Spanish, and Italian are several off-springs and derivations) had anciently four several Dialects, De honesta disciplina, lib. 3. cap. 3. as Petrus Crinitus shews cut of Varro.

3. The Teutonic or German is now distinguished into Vpper and Low­er. The Vpper hath two notable Dialects. 1. The Danish, Scandian, Verstegan, chap. 7. or perhaps the Gothic, to which belongs the Language used in Denmark, Norway, Swedeland, and Island. 2. The Saxon, to which appertain the several Languages of the English, the Scots, the Frisians, and those on the North of Elve.

4. The Slavonic is extended, though with some variation, through many large Territories, Muscovia, Russia, Poland, Bohemia, Vandalia, Croa­tia, Lithuania, Dalmatia ; Gesuer. Mi­thridates, cap. 21. and is said to be the vulgar Language used a­mongst 60 several Nations.

The Languages of lesser extent are, 1. The Albanese, or old Epirotic, now used in the mountainous parts of Epirus.

2. The Europaean Tartar, or Scythian, from which some conceive our [Page 4] Irish to have had its original. As for the Turkish Tongue, that is original­ly no other but the Asiatic Tartar, mixed with Armenian and Persian, some Greek, and much Arabic.

3. The Hungarian, used in the greatest part of that Kingdom.

4. The Finnic, used in Finland and Lapland.

5. The Cantabrian, used amongst the Biscainers, who live near the Ocean on the Pyrene hills, bordering both upon France and Spain.

6. The Irish, in Ireland, and from thence brought over into some parts of Scotland. Though Mr. Camden would have this to be a derivation from the Welsh.

7. The old Gaulish or British, which is yet preserved in Wales, Corn­wall, and Britain in France.

Enquiries, chap. 4. To this number Mr. Brerewood doth add four others, viz.

• 1. The Arabic, now used in the steep mountains of Granata ; which yet is a Dialect from the Hebrew, and not a Mother-tongue.
• 2. The Cauchian, in East-Friseland.
• 3. The Illyrian, in the Isle of Veggia.
• 4. The Iazygian, on the North side of Hungary.

Besides this difference of Languages in their first derivation, every particular Tongue hath its several Dialects. §. IV. Though Iudaea were a re­gion of a very narrow compass, yet was it not without its varieties of this kind: witness the story concerning Shibboleth and Sibboleth ; and that of the Levite, Judges 12. Judges 18.3. Matth. 26.73. who was discovered by his manner of speech; and S. Pe­ter 's being known for a Galilaean. 'Tis so generally in other Countries, and particularly with us in England, where the Northern and Western inhabitants do observe a different dialect from other parts of the Nati­on, as may appear from that particular instance mentioned by Verstegan. Whereas the inhabitants about London would say, I would eat more cheese if I had it. A Northern man would speak it thus, Ay sud eat mare cheese gyn ay had et. And a Western man thus, Chud eat more cheese an chad it.

Every one of these reputed Mother-tongues, except the Arabic, (and perhaps the Hungarian ) was used in Europe during the time of the Ro­man Empire. But whether they were all of them so ancient as the Con­fusion of Babel, doth not appear; there wants not good probability to the contrary for some of them.

Georg. Hornii Epist. in Box­hornii Origi­nes Gallic. It hath been the opinion of some, particularly Boxhornius, that the Scythian Tongue was the common mother from which both the Greek, Latin, German and Persian were derived, as so many Dialects ; and 'tis said that Salmasius did incline to the same judgment. And Philip Cluverius conjectures, that both Germans, Gauls, Spaniards, Britans, Swedes and Norwegians, did anciently use one and the same Language. One princi­pal argument used for this is, the agreement of those remote Nations in some radical words. Ioseph Scaliger observes that the words, Father, Mother, Brother, Bond, &c. are used in the Persian tongue, with some lit­tle variety, in the same sense and signification as they are used with us. And Busbequius relates, that the inhabitants of Taurica Chersonesus have divers words in the same sense common with us, In Epist. as Wine, Silver, Corn, Salt, Fish, Apple, &c. But this might be merely casual, or else occasioned by a mixture of Colonies, and will not argue a derivation of one from [Page 5] another. So there are several words common to the Turks, Germans, Boxhorn. Ori­gin. Gallic. cap. 6. & 8. Greeks, French, sometimes of the same, and sometimes of several signifi­cations; which is not sufficient to argue that all these were of the same Original.

Besides these Europaean, there is likewise great variety of Languages in other parts of the world. As for the Hebrew Tongue, which is by many learned men supposed to be the same that Abraham learnt when he came into Canaan, to which that expression Isai. 19.18. The language of Ca­naan, is thought to allude; this is supposed to be the first Mother tongue amongst all those that are now known in the world, from which there are sundry derivations, as the Chaldee, Syriac, Punic, Arabic, Persian▪ Aethiopic.

When the Iews were in Captivity at Babylon, mixed with the Chalde­ans for 70 years, Brerewood 's Enquiries, chap. 9. in that tract of time they made up a Language distinct from both, which is sometimes called Syriac, and sometimes Chaldee, and sometimes Hebrew. Those passages in the Gospel, which are said to be in the Hebrew tongue, as Talitha Kumi; Elohi, Elohi, Lamma sabachthani, John 5.2. & 19.13, 17. Acts 21.40. Bochart. Geog. l. 1. cap. 15. are properly Syriac ; onely they are called Hebrew, because that was the Language which the Hebrews then used. A great part of this Syriac tongue is for the substance of the words Chaldee, and Hebrew for the fa­shion, so degenerating much from both. After the Captivity the pure Hebrew ceased to be vulgar, remaining onely amongst learned men, as appears by that place in Nehem. 8.7, 8. where we find the Priests, upon reading of the Law to the people after their coming out of Babylon, were fain to expound it distinctly to them, and to make them understand the meaning of it; the common people, by long disuse, being grown strangers to the Language wherein 'twas written. So in our Sa­viour's time, the unlearned Iews, whose vulgar Tongue the Syriac was, could not understand those parts of Moses and the Prophets read to them in Hebrew every Sabbath-day. Which was the reason of those public speeches and declarations of any learned men, who occasionally came into the Synagogues, after the reading of the Law: Luke 4.15, 16. Acts 13.15. though neither Priests, nor Levites, nor Scribes, yet was it ordinary for them to expound unto the people the meaning of those portions of Scripture that were appointed to be read out of the Hebrew, which the people did not un­derstand; and to render their meaning in Syriac, which was their vul­gar Tongue.

As for so much of the pure Hebrew as is now in being, which is onely that in the old Testament, though it be sufficient to express what is there intended, yet it is so exceedingly defective in many other words requi­site to humane discourse, that the Rabbins are fain to borrow words from many other Languages, Greek, Latin, Spanish, &c. as may appear at large in Buxtorf 's Lexicon Rabbinicum, and a particular Discourse written to this very purpose by David Cohen de Lara. And, from the several defects and imperfections which seem to be in this Language, it may be guessed not to be the same which was con-created with our first Parents, and spoken by Adam in Paradise.

What other varieties of Tongues there have been, or are, in Asia, Afric, or America, I shall not now enquire.

CHAP. II. I. Concerning the various changes and corruptions to which all vulgar Languages are obnoxious. II. Particularly concerning the changes of the English tongue. III. Whether any Language, formerly in use, be now wholly lost. IV. Concerning the first rise and occasion of new Languages.

THere are three Queres which may deserve some farther disquisiti­on. §. I. 1. Whether the purest of those Mother-tongues, which yet remain, be not now much changed from what they were at the first Con­fusion. 2. Whether and how any of the Mother-tongues have been quite lost since the Confusion. 3. Whether and how other new Langua­ges have since arisen in the world.

1. To the first, Besides the common fate and corruption to which Lan­guages as well as all other humane things are subject, there are many other particular causes which may occasion such a change: The mix­ture with other Nations in Commerce; Marriages in Regal Families, which doth usually bring some common words into a Court fashion; that affectation incident to some eminent men in all ages, of coining new words, and altering the common forms of speech, for greater elegance; the necessity of making other words, according as new things and in­ventions are discovered. Besides, the Laws of forein Conquests usually extend to Letters and Speech as well as Territories; the Victor com­monly endeavouring to propagate his own Language as farre as his Dominions; which is the reason why the Greek and Latin are so uni­versally known. And when a Nation is overspread with several Colo­nies of foreiners, though this do not alwaies prevail to abolish the former Language, yet if they make any long abode, this must needs make such a considerable change and mixture of speech as will very much alter it from its original Purity.

Those learned Languages which have now ceased to be vulgar, and remain onely in Books, by which the purity of them is regulated, may, whilst those Books are extant and studied, continue the same without change. But all Languages that are vulgar, as those learned ones for­merly were, are upon the fore-mentioned occasions, subject to so many alterations, that in tract of time they will appear to be quite another thing then what they were at first.

Brerewood 's Enquiries, chap. 2. & 6. The Liturgies of S. Basil and S. Chrysostom, which are yet used in the Greek Churches in their publick worship, the one for solemn, the other for common days, have been a long time unintelligible to that people; so much is the vulgar Greek degenerated from its former purity.

Histor. lib. 3. And Polibius testifies, that the Articles of truce betwixt the Romans and Carthaginians could scarce be understood by the most learned Ro­man Antiquaries 350 years after the time of their making.

§. II. If any English man should now write or speak as our forefathers did about six or seven hundred years past, Alex. Gill Lo­gonom. An­glican. Pre­ [...] ace. we should as little understand him as if he were a foreiner; of which it were easie to give several proofs [Page 7] by instance, if it were not inconsistent with my present design of brevity. What the Saxons Language was at their first arrival into England about the year 440, doth not appear; but 'tis most probable that the changes and differences of it, have been somewhat proportionable in several Ages.

About the year of Christ 700 the Lord's Prayer in English was thus rendred:

Uren fader thic arth in heofnas, sic gehalgud thin noma: Cambden 's Remains, pag. 23. to cymeth thin ric: sic thin willa sue is in heofnas and in eortho. Uren hlaf ofer wirtlic sel us to daeg; and forget us scylda urna, sue we forgefen scyld­gum urum; and no inlead usith in custnung. Ah gefrig urich from ifle. Amen.

About 200 years after, it was changed thus:

Thu ure fader the eart on heofenum. Si thin nama gehalgod. Cum thin ric. Si thin willa on eorthen swa, swa on heofenum. Lisle 's Saxon Monuments. Syle us to daeg urn daegthanlican hlaf. And forgif us ure gyltas swa, swa we forgifath tham the with us agyltath. And ne led the us on costnung. Ac alys us from yfle. Si it swa.

About the same time it was rendred in the Saxon Gospels, said to be Translated by King Alfred, after this manner.

Faeder ure thu the earth on heofenum, si thin nama Gehalgod to be cume thin Rice, Gewurthe thin willa on eorthan swa swa on heofnum, urne ge daeghwanlican hlaf syle us to daeg. And forgyf us ure gyltas, swa swa we forgivath urum gyltendum. And ne gelaedde thu us on cost­nung. Ac Alyse us of yfle.

About 260 years after, in the time of King Henry the 2 d , it was ren­dred thus, and sent over by Pope Adrian, an English -man, turned into meter, that the people might more easily learn and remember it.

And about a hundred years after, in the time of Henry the third, it was rendred thus:

[Page 8] About two hundred years after this in the time of Henry the VI. (as appears by a large manuscript Velume Bible in the Oxford -Library, said to have been this Kings, and by him to have been given to the Carthusi­ans in London ;) It was rendred thus.

Oure fadir that art in hevenes, halewid be thi name, thi kingdom come to thee, be thi wil don in eerthe, as in hevene, give to us this day oure breed over othre substanc, and forgive to us oure dettis, as we forgiven oure dettouris, and lede us not into temptation, but delivere us from ivel. Amen.

In another M. S. of Wickliffes Translation, who lived in Richard the 2 ds time, it is rendred with very small difference from this.

About a hundred years after this, In a Bible set forth with the Kings licens, translated by Thomas Mathew, and printed in the year 1537, it was rendered thus:

O oure father which arte in heven halowed be thy name. Let thy kingdome come. Thy will be fulfilled, as well in erth, as it is in heven. Geve us this daye oure dayly bred. And forgeve us our treaspases, even as we forgeve oure trespacers. And lead us not into temptacion, but de­lyver us from evyll. Amen.

After the same manner it is rendered in the Translation of William Tyndall, with some little differences in the spelling.

This one instance may sufficiently manifest by what degrees this Lan­guage did receive its several Changes, and how much altered it is now from what it hath been, and consequently what is to be expected in fu­ture times. Since Learning began to flourish in our Nation, there have been more then ordinary Changes introduced in our Language: partly by new artificial Compositions ; partly by enfranchising strange forein words, for their elegance and significancy, which now make one third part of our Language; and partly by refining and mollifying old words, for the more easie and graceful sound: by which means this last Centu­ry may be conjectured to have made a greater change in our Tongue, then any of the former, as to the addition of new words.

And thus, in all probability, must it have been with all other vulgar Languages. So that 'tis not likely that any of these Mother-tongues now in being, are the same that they were at the first Confusion. So true is that of the Poet:

And a little after,

2. As to the second Quere, Whether any of the Ancient Languages be now quite lost ; §. III. it may be answered, That if in some few hundreds of years a Language may be so changed as to be scarce intelligible; then, in a much longer tract of time it may be quite abolished, none of the most radical and substantial parts remaining: For every change is a gradual corruption.

[Page 9] Before the flourishing of the Roman Empire, there were several native Languages used in Italy, France, Spain. Ludov. Vives Annot. in Au­gust. Civ. Dei, lib. 19. cap. 17. In Italy we read of the Messapi­an, the Hetruscan, the Sabine, the Oscan, the Hetrurian or Tuscan Langua­ges; which are now thought by Learned men to be utterly lost, and no­where to be found in the World.

'Tis probable that there was not onely one Language in so vast a Ter­ritory as France, but that several Provinces spake several Languages: Brerewood 's Enquiries, chap. 6. But what those Languages were, or whether yet extant, is uncertain. As for the Celtae, who, inhabiting the inner part of the Country, were less sub­ject to forein mixtures, 'tis most probable that their Language might be the British or Welsh, which is yet spoken in some parts of France. De Bello Gal­lico, lib. 6. Caesar reports that the Gauls were wont often to pass over into Britain, to be instructed by the Druids, amongst whom there was then no use of Books or Writing, and therefore they must communicate by Discourse. And Tacitus affirms that the Speech of the British and Gauls, differed but little.

It is conceived that one of the ancient Tongues of Spain was the Cantabrian, which doth now there remain in the more barren mountain­ous, inaccessible parts, where Conquerors are less willing to pursue, or desirous to plant; as our British doth in Wales. But 'tis probable that there might be several other Languages besides this in so great a Continent, as well as in Italy, which are now wholly lost and unknown.

3. As to the third Quere, concerning the first Rise and occasion of new Languages, § IV. that may be sufficiently answered by what was before suggested, concerning those many particular emergencies which may contribute to the introducing a change in Languages.

Some think that the Italians, Spaniards and French, after they were to­tally subdued by the Romans, and planted with their Colonies, did, after a certain space of time, receive the Latin Tongue as their most vulgar Speech, and retained it; till afterwards, being several times overrun by the Northern barbarous Nations, the Goths and Vandals, and other Tribes of the Germans, who mixed with them, and after several Conquests resi­ded amongst them, sometimes 20, 60, 200 years together; this afford­ed time enough for such a thorough coalition betwixt them and the Na­tives, as could not but introduce a great change in the common Lan­guage, whilst the Nations were forced to attemper their Speech for the mutual understanding of one another.

Others conceive that those Countries did not at first perfectly receive the Latin from the Romans, but did onely make use of the most principal radical words ; neglecting the Grammatical rules of composition and in­flection, and withall varying the way of pronunciation, according to the unusualness and difficulty of several sounds to several Countries: And that this was the first and chief occasion of those various Medleys or se­veral Dialects now in use; which were afterwards somewhat farther changed from their Originals, by those several Inundations of the Bar­barians

'Tis not much material to dispute, which of these causes had the prin­cipal influence in the extraction of these modern Tongues, so long as 'tis granted that both of them might contribute and suffice for this effect. As for our present English, this seems to be a mixture of the British, Ro­man, [Page 10] Saxon, Danish, Norman, according to the several vicissitudes of Plantations and Conquests, Cambden 's Remains. that this Nation hath undergone. And ac­cording as such Conquests have been more or less compleat and abso­lute, so have the Languages been more or less generally altered: which is the reason why the Saxon Tongue was by our progenitors more fully introduced in England, then either that of the Franks amongst the Gauls, or that of the Goths or Lumbards in Italy, or that of the Goths, Vandals or Moors in Spain.

Linschotten vo [...] age, chap. 18. That which seems to be the newest Language in the World, is the Ma­layan, which is now as general and common amongst the Natives of the East-Indies, as Latin or French is in these parts of the World. 'Tis said to be but of late invention, occasioned by the concourse of Fishermen from Pegu, Siam, Bengala, and several other Nations, who meeting toge­ther at a place convenient for Fishing, and finding that it was by situati­on exceeding commodious for Traffick from several parts, did agree to settle there a Plantation; and accordingly built the Town of Malacca, which hath since, for many years, been governed by the Portuguez, and is now under the power of the Hollander. And, for the more facil con­verse with one another, they agreed upon a distinct Language, which pro­bably was made up by selecting the most soft and easy words belonging to each several Nation. And this is the onely Language (for ought I know) that hath ever been at once invented ; if it may properly be styled a distinct Language, and not rather a Medley of many. But this being invented by rude Fishermen, it cannot be expected that it should have all those advantages, with which it might have been furnished by the rules of Philosophy.

Additamen­tum de Reg­no [...] atayae. I know that the Learned Golius doth affirm the China Language to be invented by Art ; but, upon the best discovery to be made of it at this distance, from those who have lived many years in that Country, and pre­tend to understand the Language, it appears to be so exceedingly equivo­cal, and in many respects so very imperfect, that there is little reason to be­lieve it had any such Original.

CHAP. III. I. The Original of Letters and Writing. II. That all Letters were de­rived from the Hebrew. III. The use of Letters is less ancient, and the kinds of them less numerous, then of the Languages themselves. IV. Of Notes for Secrecy or Brevity. V. Of real Characters. VI. Of Alphabets in general.

HAving laid down this brief and general View of Languages, 'tis re­quisite that something should be also premised concerning Letters, §. I. the Invention of which was a thing of so great Art and exquisiteness, that Tully doth from hence inferr the divinity and spirituality of the hu­mane soul, Tuscul. Qu. lib. 1. and that it must needs be of a farr more excellent and abstract­ed Essence then mere Matter or Body, in that it was able to reduce all articulate sounds to 24 Letters.

[Page 11] Though the Scripture doth not mention any thing concerning the in­vention of these; yet 'tis most generally agreed, that Adam, (though not immediately after his Creation, yet) in process of time, upon his ex­perience of their great necessity and usefulness, did first invent the anci­ent Hebrew Character: whether that which we now call the Hebrew, or else the Samaritan, is a question much debated by several Learned men, which I shall not now inquire into, or offer to determine.

As for those particular Alphabets which are by some ascribed to Adam, Enoch and Noah, mentioned by several Authors, Coelum Ori­entis. and in a late Discourse by Thomas Bangius, they have so little foundation in any probable reason or story, that I shall not so much as make any farther mention of them.

It hath been abundantly cleared up by many Learned men, that the ancient Hebrew Character hath the priority before any other now known; §. II. which is confirmed by the concurrent testimony of the best and most an­cient Heathen Writers. And 'tis amongst rational arguments none of the least, for the Truth and Divine Authority of Scripture, Grotius de Veritate Re­lig. lib. 1. to consider the general concurrence of all manner of evidence for the Antiquity of the Hebrew, and the derivation of all other Letters from it.

Pliny affirms in one place, Nat. Hist. l. 7. cap. 56. Lib. 5. cap. 12. that the first invention of Letters ought to be ascribed unto the Assyrians ; and in another place he saith, that under the name of Syria he understands the Regions which were styled Pale­stine, Iudaea and Phoenicia ; and in the same Chapter he ascribes the inven­tion of Letters to the Phoenicians. So doth Lucan likewise; Bell. Pharsal. lib. 3.

With these agree Terpsicho­re. Herodotus, Strabo, Symposiac. lib. 9. Plutarch, Histor. lib. 4. Curtius, Mela, &c. who all consent, that the Grecians did first receive their Letters from the Phoenicians by Cadmus, who lived about the time of Ioshua. And that the Punic or Phoenician Tongue was the Canaanitish or the Hebrew, though somewhat altered from its original pronunciation, Scaliger. Ap­pendix de E­mendat. Temp. Brerewood 's Enquiries, chap. 7. Geograph. l. 2. (as is wont in tract of time to befall Colonies planted far from home, amongst stran­gers,) is sufficiently manifested from the remainders of it that are ex­tant in Plautus and other prophane Authors, as they are cited by the learned Bochart. And that the Phoenicians were Canaanites hath proof also in Scripture, because the same woman who in Mark 7.26. is styled a Syrophoenician, is said Matth. 15.22. to be a Canaanite.

That the ancient Greek Character was of very near affinity to the Samaritan, and that the Latin Letters were of such an affinity to the Greek, and derived from them, being in a manner the same with the an­cient Ionic Letters, is made very plain by Scaliger, Animad vers. in Eusebium, Anno 1617. Nat. Hist. lib. 7. cap. 56. Histor. lib. 1. Annal. 11. and owned by Pliny and Dionysius Halicarnassensis. And Tacitus doth acknowledge that the ancient Latin Characters were in their shape and figure almost the same with the Greek. And as for the other Letters that are known, namely, the Syriac, Arabic, Aethiopic, Armenian, Coptic, Illyric, Georgian, Gothic, there is this cogent Argument to prove them to be of the same Origi­nal, because their Alphabets do generally observe the same order of Let­ters, which, being in it self exceedingly irrational, cannot probably have any other reason but imitation. Except onely that of the Arabs, De Origine Scribendi, cap. 5. saith Her­mannus Hugo, who, that they might not seem to have borrowed Letters [Page 12] from others, did purposely disturb the order of the Alphabet ; to which he might have added the Aethiopic and Armenian.

§. III. There are two general things to be observed concerning these deri­ved Letters. 1. That they are not of so great Antiquity. 2. That they are not so numerous as Languages are.

1. They are not so ancient, many Nations remaining a long while be­fore they grew so far civilized as to understand the use of Letters, which to this day are not known amongst many of the American Nations, nor the Inhabitants of Lapland: and after they have been known, and of some public use, it hath been yet a considerable space, before persons have written any Discourse in their own Language. 'Tis observed by Tschudas of the German, Enquiries, chap. 5. and by Genebrard of the French Tongue, (saith Mr. Brerewood ) that 'tis not much above 400 years, since Books began to be written in those Languages.

2. And because the use of Letters in particular Countries is not so an­cient as Language, therefore are they not of so numerous kinds; several Nations taking up the use of Letters from their neighbours, and adapting them to their own Tongue. Thus the Spanish, French, Italian, German, British, English, Irish, &c. do all of them use the same Latine Character, it being probable that they had none of their own, before they learnt this of the Romans. The Coptic or Egyptian Character, ever since Egypt came under the Dominion of Macedon, hath been the Greek, excepting only seven Letters proper to their Tongue, which the Greek Alphabet did not sufficiently express; The Muscovites likewise and the Russians, the Georgians and Iacobins, do use the Greek Character; the Persians and Turks use the Arabick: though the Letters of any Tongue do not al­waies remain the same, but are subject to the like fate and mutability, to which Languages are exposed.

Besides this common way of Writing by the ordinary Letters, the An­cients have sometimes used to communicate by other Notes, §. IV. which were either for Secrecy, or Brevity.

1. For Secrecy : such were the Egyptian Hieroglyphicks, (as they are commonly esteemed) being the representation of certain living Crea­tures, and other Bodies, whereby they were wont to conceal from the vulgar the Mysteries of their Religion. But there is reason to doubt whether there be any thing in these worth the enquiry, the discoveries that have been hitherto made out of them being but very few and in­significant. They seem to be but a slight, imperfect invention, sutable to those first and ruder Ages; Vid. Purchas book 5. chap▪ 7. sect. 1. much of the same nature with that Mexi­can way of writing by Picture, which was a mere shift they were put to for want of the knowledge of Letters. And it seems to me questionable, whether the Egyptians did not at first use their Hieroglyphicks upon the same account, namely, for the want of Letters.

Those waies of writing treated of by the Abbot Trithemius, were likewise for occult or secret communication: And though some Learn­ed men have suspected and accused him to have thereby delivered the Art of Magic, or Conjuring; yet he is sufficiently cleared and vindicated from any such prejudice in that very learned and ingenious Discourse de Cryptographia, under the feigned name of Gustavus Selenus, [Page 13] by which the noble Author, the Duke of Lunenburg, did disguise his true name of Augustus Lunaeburgicus.

2. For Brevity : There were single Letters or marks, whereby the Ro­mans were wont to express whole words. Ennius is said to have inven­ted 1100 of these; to which number Tullius Tyro, Cicero 's Libertus, (o­thers say Cicero himself,) added divers others, Trithemius de Polygraphia, to signifie the particles of speech; after whom Philargyrus the Samian and Macaenas, added yet more. After these Annaeus Seneca is said to have laboured in the regu­lating and digesting of those former notes; to which adding many of his own, he augmented the whole number to 5000, published by Ianus Gruterus ; though amongst his there are divers of a later invention, re­lating to Christian institutions, which have been added since (as 'tis said) by S. Cyprian the Martyr. The way of writing by these did require a vast memory and labour; yet it was far short of expressing all things and Notions, and besides, had no provision for Grammatical varia­tions.

Of this nature is that Short-hand-writing by Characters so fre­quent with us in England, and much wondered at by Foreiners; which hath a great advantage for speed and swiftness in writing; those who are expert in it being able this way to take any ordinary discourse verbatim.

Besides these, there have been some other proposals and attempts a­bout a Real universal Character, that should not signifie words, §. V. but things and notions, and consequently might be legible by any Nation in their own Tongue; which is the principal design of this Treatise. That such a Real Character is possible, and hath been reckoned by Learned men amongst the Desiderata, were easie to make out by abundance of Testi­monies. To this purpose is that which Piso mentions to be somewhere the wish of Galen, Histor. Nat. Indiae, lib. 4. c. 3. That some way might be found out to represent things by such peculiar signs and names as should express their natures; ut Sophistis eriperetur decertandi & calumniandi occasio. There are se­veral other passages to this purpose in the Learned Verulam, in Vossius, De Augment. lib. 6. cap. 1. Orig. scriben­di, cap. 4. in Hermannus Hugo, &c. besides what is commonly reported of the men of China, who do now, and have for many Ages used such a general Chara­cter, by which the Inhabitants of that large Kingdom, many of them of different Tongues, do communicate with one another, every one understanding this common Character, and reading it in his own Lan­guage.

It cannot be denied, but that the variety of Letters is an appendix to the Curse of Babel, namely, the multitude and variety of Languages. And therefore, for any man to go about to add to their number, will be but like the inventing of a Disease, for which he can expect but little thanks from the world. But this Consideration ought to be no discourage­ment: For supposing such a thing as is here proposed, could be well established, it would be the surest remedy that could be against the Curse of the Confusion, by rendring all other Languages and Characters useless.

It doth not appear that any Alphabet now in being, was invented at once or by the rules of Art ; but rather that all, except the Hebrew, §. VI. were [Page 14] taken up by Imitation, and past by degrees through several Changes; which is the reason that they are less complete, and liable to several ex­ceptions. The Hebrew Character, as to the shape of it, though it appear solemn and grave, yet hath it not its Letters sufficiently distinguished from one another, and withall it appears somewhat harsh and rugged. The Arabic Character, though it shew beautiful, yet is it too elaborate, and takes up too much room, and cannot well be written small. The Greek and the Latin are both of them graceful and indifferent easie, though not without their several imperfections.

As for the Aethiopic, it hath no less then 202 Letters in its Alphabet; namely, 7 Vowels, which they apply to every one of their 26 Conso­nants, to which they add 20 other aspirated Syllables. All their Cha­racters are exceedingly complicated and perplexed, and much more dif­ficult then those proposed in this following Discourse for the expressing of things and notions.

Martinii At­las Sinensis. This is said likewise of the Tartarian, that every Character with them is a Syllable, having each of the Vowels joyned to its Consonant, as La, Le, Li, &c. which must needs make a long and troublesome Alphabet.

But it is not my purpose to animadvert upon these Tongues that are less known, so much as those with which these parts of the world are bet­ter acquainted.

CHAP. IV. I. The Defects in the common Alphabets, as to their true Order. II. Iust Number. III. Determinate Powers. IV. Fitting Names. V. Pro­per Figures of the Letters. VI. The Imperfections belonging to the Words of Language, as to their Equivocalness, variety of Synonymous words, uncertain Phraseologies, improper way of Writing.

ONe special Circumstance which adds to the Curse of Babel is that difficulty which there is in all Languages, §. I. arising from the various Imperfections belonging to them, both in respect of 1. their first Elements or Alphabets, 2. their Words.

1. For Alphabets, they are all of them, in many respects, liable to just exception.

1. As to the Order of them, they are inartificial and confused, without any such methodical distribution as were requisite for their particular na­tures and differences; the Vowels and Consonants being promiscuously huddled together, without any distinction: Whereas in a regular Alpha­bet, the Vowels and Consonants should be reduced into Classes, according to their several kinds, with such an order of precedence and subsequence as their natures will bear; this being the proper end and design of that which we call Method, to separate the Heterogeneous, and put the Homo­geneous together, according to some rule of precedency.

The Hebrew Alphabet, (the order of which is observed in several Scriptures, Psal. 119. and in the Book of Lamentations ) from whence the others are derived, is not free from this Imperfection.

[Page 15] 2. For their Number, they are in several respects both Redundant, and Deficient. §. II.

1. Redundant and superfluous; either 1. By allotting several Let­ters to the same power and sound. So in the Hebrew ( [...] & [...] ) and so perhaps ( [...] & [...] ) ( [...] & [...] ) ( [...] & [...] ) ( [...] & [...] .) So in the ordinary La­tin, (C & K) (F & Ph. ) Or 2. by reckoning double Letters amongst the most simple elements of Speech: as in the Hebrew [...] ; in the Greek ξ and [...] ; in the Latin (Q. Cu) (X. cs.) and I Consonant or Jod which is made up of ( dzh ) by assigning several Letters to represent one sim­ple power, as th, sh, &c. So that none of these can regularly be rec­koned amongst the simple elements of Speech.

2. Deficient in other respects, especially in regard of Vowels, of which there are 7 or 8 several kinds commonly used, (as I shall shew after­wards) though the Latin Alphabet take notice but of five, whereof two, namely ( i and u. ) according to our English pronunciation of them, are not properly Vowels, but Diphthongs. And besides, that gradual difference amongst Vowels of long and short is not sufficiently provided for. The Ancients were wont to express a long Vowel by doubling the Character of it; as Amaabam, Naata, Ree, Seedes, Sanctissimiis, Mariinas: Vossius. though oftentimes the Vowel I, instead of being doubled, was onely pro­longed in the figure of it; as AEDILIS, PISO, VIVUS. For the ways used by us English for lengthning and abbreviating Vowels, viz. by adding E quiescent to the end of a word for prolonging a Syllable, and doubling the following Consonant for the shortning of a Vowel, as Wane, Wann; Ware, Warr, &c. or else by inserting some other Vowel, for the lengthning of it, as Meat, Met; Read, Red, &c. both these are upon this account improper, because the sign ought to be where the sound is. Nor would it be so fit to express this by a distinct Character, because it denotes onely an accidental or gradual difference, as by an Accent ; the chief use of Accents, for which they are necessary in ordinary speech, being to sig­nifie Quantities and Elevations of voice.

3. For their Powers, they are very uncertain, not alwaies fixed and de­termined to the same signification: §. III. which as to our English pronunciati­on may be made to appear by abundance of Instances both in the Vow­els and Consonants.

1. As to th [...] Vowels : It is generally acknowledged that each of them have several sounds. Vocales omnes plurisonae, saith Lipsius. And the learn­ed Vossius doth assure us, De Pronunc. cap. 5. Grammat. lib. 1. cap. 12. Ios. Scal. Diat. De varia pro­nunciatione. that the Ancients did use their Vowels in very different wayes, aliquando tenuiùs exiliúsque, nunc crassiùs, nunc inter­medio sono.

The power of the Vowel ( [...] ) treated of afterwards, is expressed in writing no less then six several waies; by

• e. He, me, she, ye.
• ee. Thee, free, wee.
• ie. Field, yield, shield, chief.
• ea. Near, dear, hear.
• eo. People.
• i. Privilege.

So is the Power of the Vowel (α;) as in All, aul, aw, fault, caught, [Page 16] brought. These are all various waies of writing the same long Vowel; besides which there are other distinct waies of expressing the same Vowel when it is used short, as in the words of, for, &c.

And for the Power of the Vowel ( [...] ) that is likewise written five se­veral waies.

• o. To, who, move.
• oo. Shoo, moon, noon.
• ou. Could, would.

And as for the Power of the Vowel ( [...] ) this also is written five seve­ral waies; namely, by the Letters

• i. Sir, stir, firmament, &c.
• o. Hony, mony, come, some, love, &c.
• oo. Blood, flood.
• u. Turn, burn, burthen.
• ou. Country, couple.

2. As to the Consonants, these likewise are of very uncertain Powers : witness the different pronunciation of the letter ( C ) in the word Circo, and ( G ) in the word Negligence. I know 'tis said that the letter ( C ) before the Vowels a, o, u, must be pronounced like ( K, ) as in the words cado, coram, cudo ; and before the Vowels e, i, as S, as in the words cedo, cilium. But there is no reason why it should be so. Upon which account our learned Country man, De Linguae Anglicanae pronunciati­one. Sir Tho. Smith, doth justly censure it as mon­strum literae, non litera; ignorantiae specimen, non artis; modò serpens, modo cornix.

Cessio, Sessio, Gratia. The letters C, S, T, are often used alike, to denote the same Power, and that both in English and French ; and the letter ( S ) is most frequent­ly used for (Z) which must needs be very improper. And, which is yet more irrational, some Letters of the same name and shape are used sometimes for Vowels, and sometimes for Consonants ; as I▪ V, W, Y ; which yet differ from one another sicut corpus & anima, and ought by no means to be confounded. Priscian.

To which may be added, that from this equivocal power of Letters, it so falls out, that

1. Some words are distinguished in writing, and not in pronunciation: as Sessio, Cessio; Sera, Cera; Servus, Cervus; Syrus, Cyrus; Boar, Bore; Come, Lat. Cum; Done, Dun; Dear, Deer; Hear, Here▪ Heart, Hart; Meat, Mete; Son, Sun; Some, Lat. Sum; Toes, Toze; Toe, Towe; To, Too, Two.

2. Some words are distinguished in pronunciation, but not in writing ; as the words Give, i. Dare, Give, i. Vinculum; Get. i. Acquirere, Get, i. Ga­gates; is and his in English, and is and his in Latin. So the Latin word Malè, i. evilly, is a dissyllable; whereas the English word Male, which signifies the masculine Sex, is but a monosyllable. All which are very great incongruities, and such as ought to be avoided in any regular esta­blishment of Letters.

4. Their Names in most Alphabets, are very improperly expressed by words of several syllables; §. IV. as Aleph, Beth, Gimel, &c. Alpha, Beta, Gamma, &c. And thus it is in 15 several Alphabets mentioned by Her­mannus [Page 17] Hugo. In which respect the Roman Alphabet, and our English, De Origine Scribendi c. 7. which follows it very near, are much more convenient then the rest, where each Letter is named simply by its Power. Though herein like­wise there be some defects: for the letter C should not be named See, but Kee ; and G, not, as usually we do, Iee, but [...] : and so R, to con­form it with the rest, should be called er, not ar ; and Z should be styled ez, not zad.

5. Their Figures have not that correspondency to their Natures and Powers which were desirable in an artificially-invented Alphabet, §. V. wherein the Vowels ought to have something answerable in their Chara­cter unto the several kinds of Apertion which they have in their sound. And so for the Consonants, they should have some such affinity in their Figures as they have in their Powers. 'Tis so in some of them, whether purposely or casually, I know not; as BP. bp. CG. SZ. and perhaps TD, td: but not in others.

To this may be added, the manner of writing as to the Oriental Tongues, from the right hand to the left, which is as unnatural and incon­venient, as to write with the light on the wrong side. The Iews them­selves write their particular strokes of Letters from the left to the right hand; and therefore it would be much more rational, Scaliger de Causis L. L. cap. 46. that their words should be written so too.

Besides these Defects in the usual Alphabets or Letters, there are seve­ral others likewise in the Words of Language, §. VI. and their Accidents and Constructions.

1. In regard of Equivocals, which are of several significations, and therefore must needs render speech doubtful and obscure; and that ar­gues a deficiency, or want of a sufficient number of words. These are ei­ther absolutely so, or in their figurative construction, or by reason of Phra­seologies.

Of the first kind there are great variety in Latin. So the word

• LIBER apud Literatos significat Codicem.
• LIBER apud Politicos significat Libertate fruentem.
• LIBER apud Oratores significat Filium.
• LIBER apud Rusticos significat Arboris corticem.

So the word Malus signifies both an Apple-tree, and Evil, and the Mast of a ship ; and Populus signifies both a Poplar-tree, and the People, &c. Besides such Equivocals as are made by the inflexion of words: as Lex, legis, legi; Lego, legis, legi: Sus, suis; Suo, suis; Suus, suis: Amarè the Adverb; Amo, amas, amavi, amare ; and Amor, amaris vel amare : with abundance of the like of each kind.

Nor is it better with the English Tongue in this respect, in which there is great variety of Equivocals. So the word Bill signifies both a Weapon, a Bird's Beak, and a written Scroul: The word Grave signifies both So­ber, and Sepulcher, and to Carve, &c.

As for the ambiguity of words by reason of Metaphor and Phraseology, this is in all instituted Languages so obvious and so various, that it is need­less to give any instances of it; every Language having some peculiar phrases belonging to it, which, if they were to be translated verbatim in­to another Tongue, would seem wild and insignificant. In which our [Page 18] English doth too much abound, witness those words of Break, Bring, Cast, Cleare, Come, Cut, Draw, Fall, Hand, Keep, Lay, make, Pass, Put, Run, Set, Stand, Take, none of which have less then thirty or forty, and some of them about a hundred several senses, according to their use in Phra­ses, as may be seen in the Dictionary. And though the varieties of Phra­ses in Language may seem to contribute to the elegance and ornament of Speech; yet, like other affected ornaments, they prejudice the native simplicity of it, and contribute to the disguising of it with false appearan­ces. Besides that, like other things of fashion, they are very changeable, every generation producing new ones; witness the present Age, espe­cially the late times, wherein this grand imposture of Phrases hath almost eaten out solid Knowledge in all professions; such men generally being of most esteem who are skilled in these Canting forms of speech, though in nothing else.

2. In respect of Synonymous words, which make Language tedious, and are generally superfluities, since the end and use of Speech is for hu­mane utility and mutual converse; Scaliger de Causis L. L. cap. 188. magìs igitur refert ut brevis, & rectus, & simplex sit quàm longus & varius. And yet there is no particular Lan­guage but what is very obnoxious in this kind. 'Tis said that the Arabic hath above a thousand several names for a Sword, Bp. Walton Prolegomena de Lingua Arabica, sect. 6. and 500 for a Lion, and 200 for a Serpent, and fourscore for Hony. And though perhaps no other Language do exceed at this rate, as to any particular; yet do they all of them abound more then enough in the general. The examples of this kind, for our English, may be seen in the following Tables. To this may be added, that there are in most Languages several words that are mere Expletives, not adding any thing to the Sense.

3. For the Anomalisms and Irregularities in Grammatical constructi­on, which abound in every Language, and in some of them are so nu­merous, that Learned men have scrupled whether there be any such thing as Analogy.

4. For that Difference which there is in very many words betwixt the writing and pronouncing of them, mentioned before. Scriptio est vocum pictura: And it should seem very reasonable, that men should either speak as they write, or write as they speak. And yet Custom hath so ri­vetted this incongruity and imperfection in all Languages, that it were an hopeless attempt for any man to go about to repair and amend it. 'Tis needless to give instances of this, there being in divers Languages as ma­ny words whose sounds do disagree with their way of writing, as those are that agree. What is said of our English Tongue is proportionably true of most other Languages, That if ten Scribes (not acquainted with the particular Speech) should set themselves to write according to pronunciation, not any two of them would agree in the same way of spelling.

'Tis an observation of a Learned man concerning the French Tongue, that it is ineptissimè confusa, aliàs ad fastidium otiosis suffarcta literis; ali­às ad mendicitatem inops & jejuna; Sir Tho. Smith de recta Scriptione. nunquam sibi constans, & raro rationi consona. 'Tis said that Peter Ramus did labour much in reducing it to a new Orthography, but met with much discouragement in this attempt from Learned men; besides the invincibleness of general Custom, a­gainst which (for the most part) men strive in vain. What better suc­cess those Learned ingenuous persons of the French Academy may have, [Page 19] who have been for several years ingaged in this Work, Gregorius Tu­rone [...] sis. I cannot conje­cture. 'Tis related of Chilperick King of France, that he did, for the com­pendiousness of writing, add to the French Alphabet these five Letters, θ. χ. ο. ξ. ψ. injoyning by a strict and solemn Edict the reception and use of them through his Dominions; and that in all Schools Youths should be instituted in the use of them. And yet, notwithstanding his Authority in imposing of them, they were presently after his death laid aside and disused.

As to our own Language, several persons have taken much pains a­bout the Orthography of it. That Learned Knight Sir Thomas Smith, Se­cretary to Queen Elizabeth, and sometime her Embassador into France, hath published an elegant Discourse in Latin, De recta & emendata Lin­guae Anglicanae scriptione. After him, this Subject was in another Discourse prosecuted by one of the Heralds, who calls himself Chester ; who was followed by one Wade, that writ to the same purpose. After these, Bul­laker endeavoured to add to, and alter divers things in those others that preceded him; who was succeeded in the same attempt by Alexander Gill, in his English Grammar. And yet so invincible is Custom, that still we retain the same errors and incongruities in writing which our Fore­fathers taught us.

CHAP. V. I. That neither Letters nor Languages have been regularly established by the rules of Art. II. The natural Ground or Principle of the several ways of Communication amongst men. III. The first thing to be pro­vided for in the establishing of a Philosophical Character or Language, is a just enumeration of all such things and notions to which names are to be assigned.

FRom what hath been already said it may appear, that there are no Letters or Languages that have been at once invented and established according to the Rules of Art; but that all, except the first, §. I. (of which we know nothing so certain as, that it was not made by human Art upon Experience) have been either taken up from that first, and derived by way of Imitation ; or else, in a long tract of time, have, upon several emergencies, admitted various and casual alterations ; by which means they must needs be liable to manifold defects and imperfections, that in a Language at once invented and according to the rules of Art might be easily avoided. Nor could this otherwise be, because that very Art by which Language should be regulated, viz. Grammar, is of much la­ter invention then Languages themselves, being adapted to what was al­ready in being, rather then the Rule of making it so.

Though the Hebrew Tongue be the most ancient, yet Rabbi Iudah Chiug of Fez in Afric, Vossius de Ar­te Grammat. lib. 1. cap. 4. who lived A. D. 1040. was the first that reduced it to the Art of Grammar. And though there were both Greek and Latin Grammarians much more ancient; yet were there none in either, till a long time after those Languages flourished: which is the true reason of [Page 20] all those Anomalisms in Grammar ; because the Art was suted to Lan­guage, Vossius ibid. cap. 3. Polydor. Virgil. lib. 1. cap. 7. and not Language to the Art. Plato is said to be the first that con­sidered Grammar: Aristotle the first that by writing did reduce it into an Art: and Epicurus the first that publickly taught it amongst the Grecians.

And for the Latin, Crates Mallotes, Embassador to the Roman Senate from King Attalus, betwixt the second and third Punic War, presently af­ter the death of Ennius, U. C. 583. was the first that brought in the Art of Grammar amongst the Romans, saith Suetonius.

These being some of the Defects or Imperfections in those Letters or Languages, which are already known, may afford direction, what is to be avoided by those who propose to themselves the Invention of a new Character or Language, which being the principal end of this Discourse, I shall in the next place proceed to lay down the first Foundations of it.

As men do generally agree in the same Principle of Reason, so do they likewise agree in the same Internal Notion or Apprehension of things. §. II.

The External Expression of these Mental notions, whereby men com­municate their thoughts to one another, is either to the Ear, or to the Eye.

To the Ear by Sounds, and more particularly by Articulate Voice and Words.

To the Eye by any thing that is visible, Motion, Light, Colour, Figure; and more particularly by Writing.

That conceit which men have in their minds concerning a Horse or Tree, is the Notion or mental Image of that Beast, or natural thing, of such a nature, shape and use. The Names given to these in several Lan­guages, are such arbitrary sounds or words, as Nations of men have agreed upon, either casually or designedly, to express their Mental notions of them. The Written word is the figure or picture of that Sound.

So that if men should generally consent upon the same way or man­ner of Expression, as they do agree in the same Notion, we should then be freed from that Curse in the Confusion of Tongues, with all the unhap­py consequences of it.

Now this can onely be done, either by enjoyning some one Language and Character to be universally learnt and practised, (which is not to be expected, till some person attain to the Vniversal Monarchy ; and per­haps would not be done then:) or else by proposing some such way as, by its facility and usefulness, (without the imposition of Authority) might invite and ingage men to the learning of it; which is the thing here attempted.

In order to this, The first thing to be considered and enquired into is, Concerning a just Enumeration and description of such things or notions as are to have Marks or Names assigned to them. §. III.

The chief Difficulty and Labour will be so to contrive the Enumera­tion of things and notions, as that they may be full and adaequate, without any Redundancy or Deficiency as to the Number of them, and regular as to their Place and Order.

[Page 21] If to every thing and notion there were assigned a distinct Mark, to­gether with some provision to express Grammatical Derivations and In­flexions ; this might suffice as to one great end of a Real Character, name­ly, the expression of our Conceptions by Marks which should signifie things, and not words. And so likewise if several distinct words were assigned for the names of such things, with certain in variable Rules for all such Grammatical Derivations and Inflexions, and such onely, as are natural and necessary; this would make a much more easie and conveni­ent Language then is yet in being.

But now if these Marks or Notes could be so contrived, as to have such a dependance upon, and relation to, one another, as might be sutable to the nature of the things and notions which they represented; and so likewise, if the Names of things could be so ordered, as to contain such a kind of affinity or opposition in their letters and sounds, as might be some way answerable to the nature of the things which they signified; This would yet be a farther advantage superadded: by which, besides the best way of helping the Memory by natural Method, the Vnderstanding likewise would be highly improved; and we should, by learning the Character and the Names of things, be instructed likewise in their Na­tures, the knowledg of both which ought to be conjoyned.

For the accurate effecting of this, it would be necessary, that the Theo­ry it self, upon which such a design were to be founded, should be exact­ly suted to the nature of things. But, upon supposal that this Theory is defective, either as to the Fulness or the Order of it, this must needs add much perplexity to any such Attempt, and render it imperfect. And that this is the case with that common Theory already received, need not much be doubted; which may afford some excuse as to several of those things which may seem to be less conveniently disposed of in the follow­ing Tables, or Schemes proposed in the next part.

The Second Part, Conteining a regular enumeration and description of all those things and notions to which names are to be assigned.

Chap. i. i. the scheme of genus's. ii. concerning the more general notions of things, the difficulty of establishing these aright. iii. of transcenden­tals general. iv. of transcendental relations mixed. v. of tran­scendental relations of action. vi. of the several notions belonging to grammar or logic..

H AVING dispatched the Prolegomena in the former part, I proceed (according to the method proposed) to that more difficult attempt of enumerating and describing all such things and notions as fall under di­scourse.

In treating concerning this, I shall first lay down a Scheme or Analysis of all the Genus 's or more common heads of things belonging to this design; And then shew how each of these may be subdivided by its peculiar Dif­ferences ; which for the better convenience of this institution, I take leave to determine (for the most part) to the number of six. Unless it be in those numerous tribes, of Herbs, Trees, Exanguious Animals, Fishes and Birds ; which are of too great variety to be comprehended in so narrow a compass. After which I shall proceed to enumerate the several Species belonging to each of these Differences, according to such an order and dependance amongst them, as may contribute to the defining of them, and determining their primary significations These Species are com­monly joyned together by pairs, for the better helping of the Memory, (and so likewise are some of the Genus 's and Differences. ) Those things which naturally have Opposites, are joyned with them, according to such Opposition, whether Single or Double. Those things that have no Oppo­sites, are paired together with respect to some Affinity which they have one to another. Tho it must be acknowledged that these Affinities are sometimes less proper and more remote, there being several things shifted into these places, because I knew not how to provide for them better.

[Page 23] All kinds of things and notions, to which names are to be assigned, may be di­stributed into such as are either more

• RELATION MIXED. II
• RELATION OF ACTION. III
• Words ; DISCOURSE. IV
• Collectively ; WORLD. VI
• Inanimate ; ELEMENT. VII
• STONE. VIII
• SEED-VESSEL. XII
• SHRUB. XIII
• EXANGUIOUS. XV
• BEAST. XVIII
• PECULIAR. XIX
• GENERAL. XX
• MAGNITUDE. XXI
• SPACE. XXII
• MEASURE. XXIII
• NATURAL POWER. XXIV
• MANNERS. XXVI
• SENSIBLE QUALITY. XXVII
• SICKNESS. XXVIII
• SPIRITUAL. XXIX
• CORPOREAL. XXX
• MOTION. XXXI
• OPERATION. XXXII
• OECONOMICAL. XXXIII
• POSSESSIONS. XXXIV
• PROVISIONS. XXXV
• CIVIL. XXXVI.
• JUDICIAL. XXXVII
• MILITARY. XXXVIII
• NAVAL. XXXIX
• ECCLESIASTICAL. XL.

[Page 24] In this precedent Scheme, all the several things or notions, to which names are to be assigned, are reduced to forty Genus 's. The first six of which do comprehend such matters, as by reason of their Generalness, or in some other respect, are above all those common heads of things called Predicaments; The rest belonging to the several Predicaments, of which I reckon only five. Amongst these, Substance doth take in fourteen Genus 's, Quantity three, Quality five, Action four, and Rela­tion eight.

This being supposed to be a sufficient general Scheme of things, that which is next to be enquired after, is how each of those Genus 's may be subdivided into its proper differences and species. In order to which I shall offer that which follows.

In the enumeration of all such things and notions as fall under di­scourse, those are first to be considered which are more general or com­prehensive, belonging either to Metaphysic, or to Grammar and Logic.

Tho particulars are first in the order of Being, yet Generals are first in the order of Knowing, because by these, such things and notions as are less general, are to be distinguished and defined.

Now the proper end and design of Metaphysic should be to enume­rate and explain those more general terms, which by reason of their Universality and Comprehensiveness, are either above all those Heads of things stiled Predicaments, or else common to several of them. And if this Science had been so ordered, as to have conteined a plain regular enumeration and description of these general terms, without the mixture of nice and subtle disputes about them; It might have been proper e­nough for learners to have begun with. But men having purposely strained their Wits to frame and discuss so many intricate questions, as are commonly treated of in it: 'Tis no wonder that it should hereby be rendred, not onely less fit for young beginners, but liable also to the pre­judice and neglect of those of riper judgments. That which I aim at in treating concerning these things, is to offer some brief and plain de­scription of them, as being conscious that such matters as are prim [...] nota, and most obvious, are most hard to be defined. And the multiplying of words, about things that are plain enough of themselves, doth but con­tribute to the making of them more obscure.

The right ordering of these Transcendentals is a business of no small difficulty; because there is so little assistance or help to be had for it in the Common Systems, according to which this part of Philosophy (as it seems to me) is rendred the most rude and imperfect in the whole bo­dy of Sciences; as if the compilers of it had taken no other care for those General notions, which did not fall within the ordinary series of things, and were not explicable in other particular Sciences, but only to tum­ble them together in several confused heaps, which they stiled the Sci­ence of Metaphysic. And this is one reason why the usual enumeration of such Terms is very short and deficient in respect of what it ought to be, many of those things being left out, which do properly belong to this number; which defects are here intended to be in some measure suppli­ed. Tho it must be granted, that by reason of the exceeding compre­hensiveness of some notions, and the extreme subtilty of others, as like­wise because of the streightness of that method which I am bound up to [Page 25] by these Tables it will so fall out, that several things cannot be disposed of so accurately as they ought to be.

The several things belonging to Metaphysical or Transcendental no­tions may be comprehended under these three Heads, namely such as are either more

• Absolute ; conteining the Kinds, Causes, Differences and Modes of things, which I take the liberty to call TRANSCENDENTAL GENERAL.
• Relative ; whether
• Mixed ; and common both to Quantity, Quality, Whole and Part, stiled TRANSCENDENTAL MIXED.
• Simple ; and proper to Action, viz. TRANSCENDENTAL re­lation of ACTION.

The most Universal conceptions of Things are usually stiled TRAN­SCENDENTAL, Metaphysic-all.

To which may be annexed by way of affinity, that general name which denotes those highest and most common heads, under which the several kinds of things may be reduced in an orderly series: viz. PRE­DICAMENT, Category.

Transcendentals general may be distributed into such as do concern the nature of things according to their

• CAUSES. II.
• ABSOLUTE and Common. III.
• THE END. IV.
• THE MEANS. V.

[Page 26] I. KIND. I. That common Essence wherein things of different natures do agree, is called GENUS, general, common Kind.

That common nature which is communicable to several Individuals, is called SPECIES, Sort or special kind, specifie, specifical. Breed.

These common kinds may be distinguished into such as are either more properly

• BEING, Entity, Essence, Existence, subsist, am, is, extant.
• NOTHING, Nought, null, none, annul, disannul, annihilate, abrogate, abolish, void, undoe, cancel, evacuate, Ciphre.
• THING, Affair, Matter, Business, Case, real-ly, indeed.
• APPARENCE, Apparition, Phantasm, Shew, Vision, Elusion and vanish.
• NOTION, Conception.
• FICTION, Figment, make, feign, frame, devise, counterfet, forge, coin, mint, Fa­ble, Apologue, Romance, Tale, Legend, Mythology, Fairy, Nymph, Centaur, Griffin, Bugbear, Goblin, Chymera, Atlantis, Vtopia.
• NAME, Style, Title, Titular, Compellation, Appellation, nominate, denominate, Sirname, Inscription, Nomenclator, anonymous, call, Nown, Term.
• PERSON, Age, Party, No-body, Wight.
• SUBSTANCE, subsist.
• ACCIDENT-all.
• QUANTITY, Much, Deale, Mathematick.
• QVALITY, Disposition, Endowment, indue, parts, qualification, manner, con­dition, estate.
• ACTION, doe, perform, commit, practise▪ proceeding, function, exercise, at­chieve, dealing, Act, Fact, Deed, Feat, Exploit, Passage, Prank, Trick, play the Part.
• PASSION, abide, ail, bear, endure, suffer, undergo, sustain, feel, capable.
• RELATION, refer, Regard, Respect, Habitude, correlative.
• ABSOLVTENESS, irrespective, peremptory, flat, positive.

[Page 27] II. That which any way contributes to the producing of an effect, II. CAUSE. is styled CAUSE, Reason, Ground, Principle, proceed from, procure, produce, make, constitute, In­fluence, raise, put, set, bring to pass.

That which proceeds from, or depends upon the Cause, is styled EFFECT, Event, Issue, Fruit, accrue, Success, spring from, become, grow, come of it, impression, Product.

Causes are commonly distributed into

• EFFICIENT, Author, Maker, Efficacy, effectual, Energy, Virtue, Validity, Force, Vigour, Operation, Influence, frame, constitute, beget, effect, do, make, cause, work, render, create, bring to pass.
• INSTRUMENT, Tool▪ Organ-ical, Implement :
• IMPULSIVE, Incentive, Motive, Reason, Ground, Concitation, Instiga­tion, Inducement, impell, stimulate, stir up, prick forward, spur on, rouse, quicken, irritate▪ provoke, excite, egging, incite, Instinct, Conside­ration, put on, set at or on, move, urge, draw in.
• COHIBITIVE, restrain, check, curb, with-hold, keep short or back, in­hibit, repress, hold in, bridling, stint, coerce, confine, limit, no ho, stay, staunch, moderate, master, controle.
• EXEMPLAR, Example, Instance, Idea, Precedent, Cause.
• TYPE, Pattern, Platform, Model, Last, Mold, Prototype, Antitype, Extract, Original, Copy, Counterpart, Draught, Sampler, Proof, Duplicate, exem­plifie, prefigure.
• CONDITION, Proviso▪ Salvo, in case, Term, Case, State, liking, Habit, Qua­lification.
• OCCASION- al, Exigence, Emergence, Advantage, Opportunity, draw, provoke, scandal.
• ADJUVANT, Help, Aid, Assistance, Succour, Relief, Support, Advantage, auxiliary, subsidiary, avail, conduce, promote, farther, stand in stead, supply, accommodate, serve, Co-adjutor, abet, take ones part, stand by, a stay to one, forward, minister, relief, back one.
• IMPEDIENT, hinder, Obstacle, Remora, Clog, Bar, debar, obstruct, cum­ber, Rub, Check, Dam, Luggage, Lumber, Baggage, Prejudice, Disadvantage, foreslow, lett, stop, Disservice, stay, stand in the way, trigg, keep back, re­strain, with-hold, interfere.
• END, Aim, Mark, Goal, Drift, Intent, Effect, Purpose, Design, Scope, sake, Reach, Reason, final, tend.
• MEANS, Way▪ Shift, Expedient, accommodate.
• MATTER- ial, Stuff, Substance, Argument, Subject, Boot as fire-boot, &c.
• FORM- al, Essence.

[Page 28] III. DIVER­SITY. III. Those general Names which may be styled Differences, are too numerous to be placed under one common Head according to the method designed in these Ta­bles, and therefore are they here reduced unto three Heads: whereof the first con­tains such as do not immediately imply any relation to Action, and are therefore sty­led more abso [...] ute and common ; namely, those more universal Affections of Entity whereby several things are differenced, so as to make them DIVERS from one ano­ther▪ ( another, several, sundry, vary [...] ety dissonant, to and fro▪ up and down, multiplicity, choice, different others Heterogeneous; ) to which the notion of IDENTITY, Very, sameness▪ all one, unvaried, may be properly opposed, importing an Unity or Agree­ment in the same [...] ssence.

These are distinguishable into such Differences of things as imply a respect unto

• TRUTH, true, Verity, verifie, very, Right, Sooth, irrefragably, likely, probable.
• FALSHOOD, false-ifie, Error, erroneous, untrue.
• GOODNESS, Weal, Welfare, right, regular, well, rectifie, better, best.
• EVILNESS, ill, bad, naught, wrong, amiss, shrewd, scurvy, lewd, horrid, horrible, corrupt, Pravity, deprave, Sin, Fault, Trespass, Transgress-ion, Peccadillo, worse.
• POSITIVENESS, Thesis.
• PRIVATIVENESS, Privation, bereave deprive, depose, put out, or forth, take away, strip, devest, disseise, dispossess, disfurnish.
• GENUINENESS, right, arrant, rank, very, native, legitimate, true, currant.
• S [...] VRIOVSNESS, mongrel, bastard, false, illegitimate, improper, adulterine, base, misbegot, sophisticated.
• ACTUALNESS, Existence, extant.
• POTENTIALNESS, Reversion, may▪ can.
• FINITENESS, definite determined, limited, bounded, Term, Confine, Stint, conclu­ded.
• INFINITENESS, endless, indefinite, unbounded, immense, indeterminate, unli­mited, unmeasurable, inexhaustible.
• NATURALNESS, right, native, wild, carnal, praeternatural, supernatural.
• FACTITIOVSNESS, artificial, technical, made.
• SIMPLICITY, mere, sheer, clear, fine, plain, right, pure, unmixed, Ingre­dient, single, uncompounded.
• MIXEDNESS, mingle, compound, blend▪ shuffle, Medly, Miscellany, promiscuous, temper, Commixtion, complex, complicate, confound, intermingle, Hodg-podge, Gallimaufry, Rhapsody, Centon, dash, brew.
• PERFECTION, absolute, intire, full, accurate, exact, exquisite, punctual, precise, complete, consummate, accomplish. strict, plenary, throughly, mature, up at the top.
• IMPERFECTION, incomplete, lame.

[Page 29] IV. That kind of Difference betwixt things, IV. DIF­FERENCE relating to the END of Action. which relates to Acti­ons considering the End, may be stiled DISAGREABLENESS, unsuta­ble, discrepant.

To which may be opposed the Notion of CONVENIENCY, agree­ment, agreable, sutable, serving, c [...] mmodious.

These may be distinguished into such as are

• PROFITABLENESS, Advantage, Benefit, Emolument, Interest, Concern, Boot, Fruit, Vtility, Commodious, Edifie, stand insted, good for. avail.
• HVRTFVLNESS, Harm, Prejudice, Disadvantage, Dammage, Disprofit, Nusance, Mischief. discommodious, nocent. shrewd turn, pernitious, noxious, noisom, damnifie, endammage, impair, an­noy, displeasure, naught for, vermin, weed.
• PLEASANTN [...] SS, Delight, Complacence, injoyment, satisfaction, sweet, taking, delicious, Paradise.
• VNPLEASANTNESS, Regret, displeasing, offensive, trouble, grievous, uneasie▪ painful.
• DUENESS, Duty, ought, should, Honest, owe, part, incumbent on.
• VNDVENESS, ought not, dishonest.
• POSSIBILITY, Feasible, may, can.
• IMPOSSIBILITY, cannot be.
• IMPORTANCE, of Moment, Consequence, Strength, Force, Weight, material, considerable, pithy, pregnant, essential, it mattereth.
• VANITY, Trifle, trivial, frivolous, Foppery, Gewgaw, Knack, Toy, sleeveless, slight, light, fruitless, fidling, void, Trumpery, Bauble, Quillet, Quirk, Gambol, to no boot, to no purpose,
• WORTHINESS, Merit, Desert, Value, demerit, cheap, dear, price, precious, depreciate.
• VNWORTHINESS, Vile, Mean, Poor, undeserving, indign.

[Page 30] V. DIFFE­RENCE re­lating to the MEANS. V. DIFFERENCES of things relating to the MEANS, may be di­stributed into such as are

• LAWFULNESS, legitimate, right, legal, canonical, orderly.
• INDIFFERENCE, adiaphorous.
• DECENCY, Decorum, meet, fit, seemly, handsome, becoming, comely, goodly.
• INDECENCY, Indecorum, unmeet, unfit, unseemly, unhandsome, uncomely, misbeseeming, ugly.
• SAFETY, Security, sure, tutelary, innoxious, save, protect, in­sure, indemnifie, warrant, Sanctuary, Shelter, Refuge.
• DANGER, Hazard, Peril, Ieopardy, unsafe, risk, venture, ad­venture, endanger, expose, incur.
• EASINESS, Facil-ity-itate, clear, gentle, light,
• DIFFICVLTY, Hard, uneasie, crabbed, intricate, laborious, streight, Perplexity, rub, knot, graveling, hard put to it.
• GENTLENESS, Easiness, softness, still, tenderly, gingerly.
• VIOLENCE, boisterous, rough, harsh, blustering, impetuous, force, ravish.
• CONGRUITY, Sutableness, Agreableness, Sympathy, consonant, compatible, right, apposite, fit, meet, apt, adapt, consistent, accord, conform, accommodate, comply.
• CONTRARIETY, Repugnance, withstand, against, unsutable, Anti­peristasis, counter, cross, incongruous, inconsistent, incompatible, interfere.
• EXPEDIENCE, Convenience, behoovful, meet, fit, perquisite, requisite.
• INCONVENIENCE, Inexpedience, unmeet, unfit, incommodious.
• Higher degree ; when there is a certain dependance betwixt the means and the end.

To which may be opposed that kind of nexus betwixt means and end, which is altogether uncertain and doubtful.

• NECESSITY, needful, requisite, essential, should, must, streight, exigent, force, perquisite, pressing.
• CONTINGENCE, Venture, adventure, may, Accident, peradventure, adventitious, fortuitous, incident, happen, perhaps.

[Page 31] VI. Those more general respects and habitudes which several things or notions have to one another, are stiled by the name of MODE, VI. MODE. man­ner, way, sort, fashion, guise, wise, garb, course, form-ality, kind.

• SUBJECT, liable, obnoxious, exposed, matter, Text, Theme, under­goe, capable.
• ADIVNCT, Epithete, inherent.
• OBJECT, mark, scope, butt, treat, handle, meddle with, have to do with.
• CIRCUMSTANCE, Rite, Ceremony.
• SOLEMNITY, Grandeur, state, Pomp, Port, celebrate, solemnize, Rite.
• STATE, Estate, Condition, Case, Iuncture, Liking, manner, pass, pickle, plight, point, in good repair.
• SIGN, Badge, Token, Mark, Note, Symptome, Symbol, Index, Indica­tion, Cue, Print, Scarr, Track, Signature, signifie, Beacon, becken, Boad, foretoken, presage, Prodigie, portentous, ominous, auspicious.
• ROOM, as Successor, Caliph, supply, place.
• STEAD, as substitute, subdititious, serve for, succedaneous, De­puty, Surrogate, Vicar, Delegate, Vice-gerent, Attourney, Broaker, Factor, in lieu, Lievtenant, Proctor, Proxy.
• TURN, Course, alternate, second, bout.
• RECIPROCATION, mutual, interchangeable, intercourse, correspond.
• DEGREE, gradual▪ a spice, a strein, gradation, leasurely, by little and little.
• IMPETUS, Fit, Paroxysm, brunt, crash, effort, pang.
• COGNATION, Affinity, Nearness.
• OPPOSITION, Disagreableness, contrary, counter, repugnant, with­stand, against, cross, thwart, other side, adverse, Antagonist, An­tithesis, confront, impugn, oppugn.

[Page 32] TRANSCENDENTAL Relations MIXED, may be distributed into such as do belong either to

• More GENERALLY. I
• CONTINUED QUANTITY. II
• DISCONTINUED QUANTITY. III
• STRICTLY. V
• WHOLE and PART. VI

I. Transcend. Relations of QUANTITY MORE GE­NERAL. I. TRANSCENDENTAL mixed Relations belonging to QUANTITY considered MORE GENERALLY, may be distributed into such as do concern the measure of things compared ei­ther with

• GREATNESS, Magnitude, ample, large, vast, huge, immense, grand, monstrous, pro­digious, sound, swinging, whisker, main, much, magnifie, aggravate, exaggerate, a filthy deal, a foul deal, Gyant.
• LITTLENESS, Smalness, Petty, Minute, Modicum, Scautling, diminutive, less, least, poor, abate, allay, extenuate, Elf, Dwarf, Shrimp, Tit, Dandiprat, Pigmy.
• ABOVNDANCE, a great deal, much, a world, affluence, plenty, store, copious, flush, satiate, flow, fluent, luxuriant, enough and to spare.
• SCARCITY, Little, want, dearth, pinching, scant, bare, jejune, lack.
• EXCESS, Redundance, superfluity, needless, exuberance, too much, overmuch, over­charge, cloy, glutt, surfet, satiety, extreme, immoderate, luxuriant, rank, out of reason, wast, fly out, lash out.
• DEFECT, Not enough, lack, need, penury, indigent, necessitous, destitute, want, fail, fall short of, slender, jejune, incompetent, insufficient.
• EXCELLENCY, extraordinary good, eminence, preheminence, egregious, eximious, incom­parable, superlative, soveraign, transcendent, singular, heroic, high, noble, gallant, choice, passing, rare, remarkable, notable, Paragon, Mirrour.
• SORRINESS, mean, poor, vile, trivial, contemptible, despicable, frippery, Trash, Trum­pery, Raff, Scum, Drugg, silly, slight, paultry, scurvy, poor, course, flat, pedling, cheap, worthless, Fellow, Sirrah, Companion, Rascal, Varlet, Wretch, Scoundril, Skip-jack, Scrub, Vrchin, Flirt, Gill, Iade.
• EQUALITY, Evenness, parity, peer, match, fellow, adaequate, aequipollent, adjust, halves with, as many, all one.
• SVPERIORITY, above, upper, advantage, odds, preheminence, surmount, overpass, surpass, exceed, go beyond, out-go, get the start, top, excell, prevail, predominant.
• INFERIORITY, under -ling, disadvantage, allay, come short of, low.
• BETTERNESS.
• INCREASE, Augmentation, progress, increment, enlarge, magnifie, amplifie, aggravate, im­prove, rise, grow, gain, come forward, crescent.
• DIMINVTION, Abate, Bate, swage, asswage, decrease, extenuate, mince, mitigate, allay, retrench, rebate, shrink.
• INTENTION, heighten, strein, raise, aggravate, exaggerate, exasperate, enhaunce, acute, cutting, keen, sore, piercing, vehement, urgent, eager, earnest, deep sleep, amain, greatly, much.
• REMISSION, Abate, allay, slake, slacken, swage, asswage, diminish, mitigate, slight, cold, slender, weak, dead, dilute, dull, faint, gentle, light.
• MENDING, emendation, bettering, Reparation, Reformation, Restauration, correct, redress, Improve, Edifie, botch, cobble, clout, patch, Progress, advance.
• MARRING, Spoiling, Deprave, Impair, spill, taint, alloy, wear, corrupt, vitiate, wast.

[Page 33] II. Transcendental Mixed [...] elations belonging to CONTINUED QUANTITY, II. Transcend. Relations of CONTINU­ED QUAN­TITY. may be distinguished into those various measures of di­stance according to the difference of more or less, with respect ei­ther to

• LENGTH, -en, Longitude, prolong, protract, eeke out, extend, te­dious, prolixness.
• SHORTNESS, Brevity, Conciseness, abbreviate, curtal, abridge, restrain, compendious, succinct.
• BREDTH, Wideness, Latitude, Largeness, Ampleness, spacious, di­late, enlarge, extend.
• NARROWNESS, Streightness, Scantness, close, compressed, pink-eyed, restrain.
• DEEPNESS, profound, Abyss, farr into, high.
• SHALLOWNESS, Ford, Scoure, Depression, low, flat.
• HIGHNESS, Altitude, exalt, elevate, Soar, sublime, tall, lofty, proper, towring, advance, raise, aloft.
• LOWNESS, abase, bring down, depress, demiss, nether
• THICKNESS, Crassitude, gross, deep, incrassate, roun­cival.
• THINNESS, slender, fine, slim, lank, slank, slight, tenuity, gaunt, rare, subtle, attenuate.

[Page 34] III. Transcen. Relations of DISCON­TINUED QUANTI­TY. III. Transcendental Relations of DISCONTINUED QUANTITY or Number, may be distributed into such as are either

• MULTITUDE, many, numerous, a world of, multiply, increase, propagate, store, swarm, thick, press, crowd throng, rout.
• FEWNESS, Paucity, decrease, small number, thin, diminish­ing.
• SINGULARITY, Individual, numerical, single.
• PLVRALITY, more
• PARTICULARITY, special, peculiar.
• VNIVERSALITY, Generality, Catholick, Oecumenical, utmost.
• SPECIALNESS, peculiar, particular.
• GENERALNESS, All.
• EVENNESS, Parity.
• ODNESS, Imparity, uneven.
• SEGREGATENESS, sever, set apart or aside, Analysis, Ana­tomy, piece-meal, by retail, dispence, distribute, one by one, Parcels, by pole.
• AGGREGATENESS, Train, Troop, Company, Party, Scull, Swarm, Team, Flock, Heard, Pack, Covy, Sheaf, Bale, Bundle, Fardle, Bunch, Cluster, Gross, by the great.
• SERIES, Rank, Row, Class, successive, Chain, Course, Race, col­lateral, Concatenation, Alphabet.
• CATALOGVE, Index, Table, List, Role, Bill, Scrole, Terrier, a particular, Cargo, Inventory, Muster, impannel, Genealogy, Pe­digree, Vocabulary, Dictionary, Lexicon, Nomenclator, Alma­nack, Calendar.
• SUIT, Pack, Set, Mess, a Ring.

[Page 35] IV. Transcendental Relations belonging to QUALITY, IV. Transcen. Relations of QUALITY at large. as considered MORE LARGELY, may be distributed into such kind of Relations as are either

• PRIMITIVENESS, Root, original, simple, underived.
• DERIVATIVENESS, conjugate, Notation, Etymology, transmission.
• IMMEDIATENESS, Next.
• MEDIATENESS.
• ABSOLUTENESS, Independent, Freehold.
• DEPENDENCY, Vnder.
• PRINCIPALNESS, Chief, Special, Ring-leader, soveraign, supreme, paramount, first, main, arch, prime, primary, capital, cardinal fundamental, Top, Head, Master.
• ACCESSORINESS, Abet, adherent, second, Companion, Party, Copart­ner, Complice, Appendage, Label, Appurtenance, adventitious, col­lateral, conscious, privy, side with, back, partake, participate, by the way, by the by.
• PERTINENCY, belong, appertain, apposite, to the purpose, touching, concern, material, relate to, serve for, incumbent on.
• IMPERTINENCY, not to the purpose, extravagant, sleeveless, wide from the matter, wild, idle, improper.
• PROPERNESS, incommunicable, owner, peculiar, concern.
• COMMONNESS, usual, vulgar, currant, general, prostitute.

[Page 36] V. Transcend. Relations more strictly. V. Transcendental Relations of QUALITY considered MORE STRICTLY, may be distributed into such as do concern either their

• LIKENESS, Similitude, similar, assimilate, resemble, representation Species, Idea, Image, Effigies, Portraiture.
• VNLIKENESS, Dissimilitude, dissimilar, degenerous.
• ORDER, Regular, Method, array, imbattle, marshal, rally, in frame, dispose, digest, range.
• CONFVSION, Disorder, Rhapsody, Chaos, Gallimaufry, tumult, rout, coyl, disheveled, disranked, out of frame or order, promiscuous, Preposterous, Ruffle, Shuffle, scamble, clutter, blunder, jumble, hurry, hurly burly, pell mell.
• ORDINARINESS, common, usual, trivial, currant.
• EXTRAORDINARINESS, strange, uncouth, unusual, unwonted, of note, notable, notorious, Odness, Paradox.
• REGULARNESS, right, rectifie, rule.
• EXORBITANCY, Irregularness, Enormity, Disorder, extravagant, li­centious, wild, faulty, wrong, loose, immoderate, unruly, unbridled, out of square, lash out, Heteroclyte, Anomalous.
• PUBLICKNESS, Notorious, famous, common, extant, open, being out, or abroad, Declaration, Manifesto, Remonstrance, Edition, Promul­gation, set forth or out, shew, spread, blazon, publish, proclaim, di­vulge, denounce, produ [...] e, post up, come to light, high way.
• PRIVATENESS, underhand, clancular, clandestine, retire, between themselves.
• ORNATENESS, adorn, set out, Deck, beautifie, embellish, trimm, trick, tire, garnish, flourish, dress, prank, Ornament, Grace, flo­rid, neat, smug, spruce, elegant, quaint, fine, polite, gay, gaudy, gor­geous, flaring, garish, flaunting, Gallant, Spark, Bracelet, Plume, Garland, Ouch, &c.
• HOMELINESS, simple, rough, rude, untrimmed, plain, bald.
• PURITY, Cleanness, undefiled, defecate, fine, refine, try, furbush, scoure▪ purge, purifie, clarifie, depuration, neat, abstersive.
• DEFILEMENT, Filthiness, Impurity, unclean, fowl, squalid, bedawb, besmear, bewray, contaminate, slabber, slubber, smear, soil, sully, pollute, daggle, slurry, smutch, smutt, stain, alloy, em­base, dash.

[Page 37] VI. That thing which is made up of several lesser things united toge­ther is called by the name of WHOLE, Total, Integral, Intire, Summ, VI. Transcen. Relations of WHOLE and PART. All, Vtterly▪ Quite and clean, full, plenary.

Those lesser things, by the union of which another greater thing is made up, are stiled by the common name of PARTS. Particle, Parcel, partial, Divide, share, distribute, driblet, portion, piece, pittance.

The transcendental relations of whole and part are such as denote a respect to Quantity

• BEST PART, Quintessence, Cream, Flower, the heart, Top.
• WORST PART, Refuse, Scumm, Dreggs, Raff, draft, dross, rubbish, tare, bran, chaff, recrement, trash, garbage, offal.
• SAY, taste, touch, scantling.
• VANTAGE, surplus, overplus, to boot, over and above, over-weight, corollary, supplement, vails.
• SCUM, Sandever, Mother.
• SEDIMENT, setling, caput mort, grounds, lees, dregs, feculent, rack, defecate.
• LUMP, Bole, Morsel, Bit, Cantle, Luncheon, Gobbet, Mammock, Stub, stump, grumous, clotted, clod, turfe, sod.
• POWDER, Mote, Dust, Corn, Grain, Crum, Grate, moulder.
• CHIP, Lamin, Scale, Flake, Flaw, Flitter, shive, shiver, splinter.
• FRAGMENT, Piece, Scrap, Sheard, tatter, Flitter, rag, shread, snip, slive, slice, collop, cut.
• ADDITUM, item, put to, insert, eke out.
• SVMM, lay or couch together, cast up, count, draw to a head, come to, amount, result, total, in the whole.
• ABLATUM, abate, defalk, retrench, deduct, subduct, substract, take away.
• RESIDVE, overplus, surplussage, arrear, remainer, remnant, left be­hind, the other, the rest, relicks, orts, scraps, reversions, gleaning, offal, odd-ends, stubs, stumps, stubble.
• MULTIPLIER, Side.
• PRODVCT, rectangle.

[Page 38] TRANSCENDENTAL RELATIONS OF ACTION, may be distributed into such as are more

• COMPARATE. II
• Solitary; wherein more then one person is not necessarily supposed. BUSINESS. III.
• Social ; wherein more then one person is necessarily supposed. COMMERCE. IV

I. TRANS. RELAT. of ACTION SIMPLE. I. Transcendental respects of ACTION SIMPLE or relating to single things, are such as do concern

• PUTTING, Set, Lay, Make.
• ALTERING, Change, Vary, Mutation, shift, Revolution, Vicissitude, Catastrophe, Metamorphosis.
• APPROPRIATING, own, set apart, engross, monopolize.
• ALIENATING, transferr, estrange, pass away ones right.
• CLAIMING, Owning, Challenging, Demand, arrogate, assume, profess, attribute ascribe, take upon him, declare for.
• ABDICATING, disclaim, disown, renounce, relinquish, refuse, reject, repudiate, desert, forsake, disavow, disherit, execrate, forswear, de­stitute, cast off, lay aside, put away.
• TAKING, Seising, Apprehending, resume, surprize, assume, intercept.
• LEAVING, Relinquish, Residue, forsake, spare.
• HAVING, in hand, hold, possess.
• WANTING, indigent, lack, miss, necessity, need, penury.
• HOLDING, Detain, Retain, Keep.
• LETTING GO, Dismiss surrender, give up, Shed, Cast, mew, resign.
• SEEKING, search, feel for, grope, ransack, rummage, Quest.
• FINDING, retrive, sift out, smell out, Foundling.
• SHEWING, disclose, detect, betray, reveal, discover, declare, de­monstrate, remonstrate, render.
• CONCEALING, Hide, Shelter, Suppress, Sculk, lurk, Secret, Private, Latent, occult, underhand, close, clancular, clandestine in a corner, in hugger mugger, recess, retire, slink, mich, sneak, slip, or steal away, cloke, veil, hoodwink, mask, muffle.
• MANIFESTING, Apparent, Evident, plain, flat, open, conspicuous, perspicuous, obvious, certain, clear, palpable, shew, declare, certifie set forth, come to light.
• SEEMING, Semblance, Shew, Pretence, Pretext, Vmbrage, Colour, a shew, a blind, Formal, Appear, palliate, fain, bear in hand, make [...] s if, make shew of, specious, disguise, Ey-service.

[Page 39] II. Transcendental Relations of Action COMPARATE, are such as do concern. II. Trans. Relat. of Actions COMPA­RATE.

• JOINING, annex, Connexion, couple, link, copulation, concatenation, conjun­ction, Coalition, coherent, copulative, conglutinate, combine, compact, set or put together.
• SEPARATING, Segregate, sunder, sever, dissever, divide, disjoin, disunite, dis­sect, dissolve, part, take in pieces, disjunctive.
• ADHEARING, Cleave, stick to, cling to, hang together, coherent, inseparable.
• ABANDONING, Forsake, Desert, Relinquish, Leave, Forgo, Flinch, Quit, Dereli­ction, forlorn, destitute, shake or cast off, start back, give over.
• APPLYING, lay or put to.
• ABSTRACTING.
• COMPREHENDING, Contain, Comprize, Imply, Involve, Inclose, Include, inclusive, hold, Complication.
• EXEMPTING, Except, restrain, seclude, exclude, save, salvo, set aside.
• COMPARING, Conferr, Collation, resemble.
• TRY, Prove, Search, Temptation, Experiment, test, touch, examin, gage poise, pose, probe.
• REPEATING, Iterate, reiterate, recite, render, rehearse, redouble, reduplicate, inculcate, ingeminate, recapitulate, renew, afresh, again, Tautology, the burden.
• CHANGING, Mutation, Vary, Alter, Shift.
• RESTORING, Give back, Restitution, refund, return, Restauration.
• COMPENSATING, Recompense, award, make amends, remunerate, quit, re­quite, retaliate, retribute, reparation, paying, fit, being even with, meet with, make good, cry quittance, like for like, one for another.
• REPRESENTING, declare, shew, exhibit, present.
• IMITATING, Mimick, personate, take forth, follow.
• REPAIRING, Mending, Bettering, Improving, correct, rectifie, renew, reedifie, Emendation, Instauration, Redress, set to right, make good, make up, patch up, piece up.
• SPOILING, Marring, corrupting, deprave, impaire, raze, scrape or cross out, sleight works.

[Page 40] III. Trans. Relat. of BUSI­NESS. III. Those kind of Actions about which men bestow their time and labour, are called by the general name of BUSINESS, Affair, Task, Chare, Transaction, Matter, Fa­ctor, Agent, negotiate, occupie, stickle, meddle, intermeddle, dealing, imployment, active.

To which may be opposed the Negation or being free from such Actions stiled LEASVRE, Vacation vacant, idle or spare time, unoccupied, respite.

Transcendental relations of BUSINESS, may be distributed into such as are

• DESIGNING, allot, appoint, plot, preordein, project.
• UNDERTAKING, enterprize, take in hand set upon, task.
• PREPARING, Parade, previous, ready, make way, fitting, Tuning, Harbinger.
• FURNISHING, Aequipage, fitting, ready.
• BEGIINNING, Inchoate, initiate, commence, Inceptor, Spring, Rise, Origi­nal, first, set about, set forth, set a foot, go in hand with, enter upon.
• OFFERING, Propose profer, tender, bid, propound, overture.
• ENDEAVOURING, Devoir, bestir, adoo, coyl, stickle, strein, strive, struggle, effort, make a stir, do ones best, reach after, lay out for.
• ESSAYING, Trying, say, attempt, prove, tempt-ation, Test, Experience, enter­prize, venture, sound, tast, touch, run the risk or adventure.
• DISPATCHING, Hasten, quick, high, forward, hurry, precipitate, speed, C [...] le­rity, Expedition, sodain, apace, out of hand, cut short.
• PROTRACTING, Delay, desert, retard, slacken, respite, tarry, foreslow, linger, prolong, lengthen, prorogue, procrastinate, dally, lagg, stand about, whiling about▪ shift off, put off▪ post off, spin out time.
• PERFORMING, Accomplishing, Atchieve, fu [...] fil, verifie, discharge, execute, keep, observe, exploit, make good bring to pass.
• VIOLATING, infringe, break, trespass, transgress.
• FINISHING, Concluding, ending, accomplishing, fulfil, performing, cease, give over, Period, Term, ultimate, last, consummate, determine, dispatched, done, Catastrophe, clap up, shut up, wind up, close up, draw to an issue, go through with, run his course.
• MISCARRYING, Failing.
• ERRING, Swerve, slip, stray, astray, mistake, oversight, deviate, falter, fallible. heterodox, Fallacy, wrong, amiss, awry, being out, beside the mark.
• OMITTING, Pretermit, Wave, decline, default, escape, lapse, leave, miss, forbear, balk, supersede, overlook, overpass, preterition, overslip, overskip, let pass, pass by or over, lay aside, hold ones hand.
• PREVENTING, Anticipate, Previous, aforehand, forestal, Foregame.
• REMEDYING, Redress, Shift, Aftergame, Help.

[Page 41] IV. Transcendental relations of Action concerning such things as are alienated from one Person to another, IV. Transcen. Relations of COM­MERCE. are usually called by the General Name of COMMERCE, Entercourse, Traffick, Prattick, have to do with.

These may be distributed into such as are

• YIELDING, Suffering, permitting, give way, give place.
• SUBMITTING to.
• OFFERING, Proffer, tender, exhibit, present, recommend, Oblation.
• DEMANDING, Require, Challenge.
• DELIVERING, Surrender, transferr, resign.
• RECEIVING, Take, entertain, capable, reception, receptacle.
• GIVING, Bestow, confer, render, grant, contribute, endow, con­sign, Gift, Boon, Largess, Collation, Donation, Donative, Gratis.
• ACCEPTING, Receiving, administer, dispense, distribute, To­ken, Fairing, take in good part.
• DISBURSING, Bestow, defray, extend, lay out, Bursar, Principal.
• REFUNDING, Repay, return, reimburse.
• RECKONING, Compute-ation, count, account, cast account, Cal­culate, Audit, Score, Tally.
• BALLANCING, Evening of Accounts, Quitting scores, Adjust.
• BEING CREDITOR, Lending, Loan.
• BEING DEBTOR, Owing, Debt, upon score, in ones books, behind hand, Arrear.
• PAYING, Defray, discharge, satisfie, reimburse, Annuity, Poun­dage, Shot, responsible.
• FAILING, Break, Bankrout.
• ACQUITTING, Discharge, Quittance, Receipt, clear accounts.
• FORGIVING, Remitting, pardoning, put up,

[Page 42] V. EVENT. V. The General name for that which follows upon Actions, especially as it relates to the end for which Actions are done, is EVENT, Vpshot, issue, result, emergence, accrue, occurr, come to pass, fall out, befall, betide, en­sue, prove, redound, happen, light, succede, Luck, Fortune, End, Sequel, Suc­cess, incident, coincident, intervene, supervene, take effect, how fares, goes, speeds it, come of it, come to good or to naught.

Transcendental relations of Action belonging to Event, may be distri­buted into such as do concern the

• OBTEINING, Acquire, get, procure, attain, reach, gain, compass, re­cover, take, win, catch, come by, pick up.
• FRVSTRATING, Fail, disappoint miss, defeat, deceive, elude, cross, come short of, shift off, put by, of no effect, to no purpose, vain, void, nullity.
• GAINING, Lucre, Advantage, Profit, Emolument, Stock, the proceed, acquire, get, win, recover, extort.
• LOOSING, Dammage, decrement, detriment, disadvantage, disprofit, wrack, spoil hurt, hinderance, out of ones way.
• SAVING, Sparing, take up.
• SPENDING, Lay out, bestow, expend, dispend, expence, charges, cost, sumptuary, run out.
• LAYING UP, Treasuring, Preserving, Stow, Hoord, Store, Re­pository.
• SQANDRING, Lavish, profuse, careless, mispend, embezel, wast, unthrifty, ill husbandry, spendthrift, flying out.
• KEEPING, Preserve, retain, Custody, holding, promptuary, Cellar.
• LOOSING, Perdition, loss, wrack, shed, spil.
• USING, Imploy, improve, exercise, occupy, manage, treat, handle, entertain, useful, serviceable, stand in good stead.
• ABSTEINING, Forbear, refrain, spare, withdraw, wean, hold ones hand.
• INJOYING, Fruition.
• BEING SICK OF, Nauseate, loath, tedious, surfet, weary of.
• REFRESHING, Recreate, relieve, recruit, relaxation, refection, Bait.
• WEARYING, Lassitude, tyring, tedious, faint, fatigue.
• QUIETING, Tranquillity, rest, compose, sedate, serene, still, calm, set or be at rest.
• TROVBLING, Molest, disturb, annoy, disquiet, incumber, infest, in­terrupt, pester, cumber, turbulent, stirs, coil, broil, turmoil, garboil, perturbation.

[Page 43] VI. The General name denoting Transcendental Motion or rest, VI. ITION. is ITION, Going, Passing, Remove, betake, repair, transmission, Penetrate, Flitt.

STAYING, Abide, remain, tarry, continue, reside, rest, stop, stick, damm, detain, hold at a bay, Mansion, Stage, Remora.

The Relations belonging to this motion, may be distinguished into such as are

• COMING, Arrive, Access, Resort, repair to, frequent, recourse, concourse, confluence, return.
• GOING, Depart, recede, return, regress, ingress, egress, be packing, be jogging, retire, retrograde, withdraw, dislodge, avant, void, slip away, slink or sneak away, fling away, fall off, get gone, set forth, rub along.
• PROCEEDING, Persist, prosecute, persevere, progress, pass, ad­vance, hold or go on, set forward or on.
• TURNING, Winding, Veare, Double, tack, about, face about, wheel about.
• TRAVAILING, Expedition, Voyage, Iourney, Progress, Peregrinati­on, Itinerant, Passenger, Wayfaring, March, set out, Palmer, Pilgrim, Pass, Pasport.
• WANDRING, Stray, astray, range, rove, straggle, err-ant, Vagrant, Vagabond, random, ramble, rome, prole, gad, Gypsie, Rogue, Land­loper, Labyrinth, Ambages.
• SENDING, Mission, missive, Token, convey, dismiss, Remit, dispatch, Messenger, Embassador, Legat, Envoy, Lieger, Emissa­ry, Currier, Arrant.
• FETCHING, Bring, reduce, forth-coming.
• LEADING, Guide, Conduct, bring, convey, draw, Manudu­ction.
• DRIVING, Chase, drift, expel, repel, repulse, goad, beat back, Ferret out.
• FOLLOWING, Ensue, come after, pursue, dogging, trace.
• OVERTAKING, Reach, Top, Catch, fetch up.
• MEETING, Obviate, obvious, encounter, occurr, Randevouze.
• AVOIDING, Decline, Fly, shun, eschew, Wave, beware, escape, evade, shift off, out of the way.

THE most general name for those external expressions, whereby men do make known their thoughts to one another, §. VI. is DI­SCOURSE, Commune, Communication, Parly, Talk, Colloquie, Tract, Treatise, handle, Stile.

To which may be annexed that particular way of discourse, most in use, namely by articulate voice and words, called LANGUAGE, Tongue, Speech, Linguist, dialect.

The several things and notions belonging to discourse, may be distribu­ted into such as do concern either the

• More Simple ; stiled ELEMENTS. I
• Less Simple ; WORDS. II
• GRAMMAR. III.
• COMMON TO BOTH. V
• MODES of it. VI

[Page 45] I. The first and more simple ingredients required to the framing of Discourse or Language, are stiled ELEMENTS. Abedarian. I [...] . ELE­MENTS.

These may be distinguished into such as do concern either the

• LETTER, literal.
• CHARACTER, Figure, Note, Letter, Cyphre, Orthography.
• INTERPUNCTION, Period, Point.
• HYPHEN, Maccaph.
• PERIOD, full point, stop, pause, rest.
• PARENTHESIS.
• PARATHESIS, Exposition.
• IRONY— call.
• ACCENT, elevate.

[Page 46] II. WORDS. II. Those particular sounds or Characters, which are agreed upon to signifie any one thing or notion, are called by the general name of WORD, Verbal, verbatim, term, endite.

That which is intended by any such sound or Character, is called MEAN­ING, Sense, Signification, Purport, Acception, Import, tenor, denote, moral

Words may be distinguished according to the

• ABSTRACT, separate.
• CONCRETE, complex.
• SUBSTANTIVE.
• ADVERBE DERIVED.
• PREDICATE, Attribute, asscribe, impute.
• INTERJECTION.
• PREPOSITION.
• ADVERBE UNDERIVED.
• CONJUNCTION.

[Page 47] III. COMPLEX GRAMMATICAL NOTIONS of Speech, III. COM­PLEX GRAMMA­TICAL NO­TIONS. may be distinguished into such as concern the

• CLAUSE, Passage.
• SENTENCE, Period, Text, Aphorism, Apophthegm, Axiom, Im­press, Motto, Posie, Phrase, Stile.
• VERSE, Staffe, Stanza.
• SECTION, Paragraff, Article, Scene.
• CHAPTER, Act.
• BOOK, Tract, Treatise.
• VERSE, Lyrick, Pindarick, Ode.
• MEETRE- ical.
• TRALATITIOUS, Metaphor, Trope, Parable, Simile,
• FIGURATE. Allegory, Improper, Riddle, Aenigmatical.
• EXPRESS, Plain, open, flat, explicite, Hint, Inkling, mention, set form.
• UNDERSTOOD, Implied, implicite, tacit, intimated.
• PLAIN, Evident, Perspicuous, clear, express, obvious, easie, facil, explain, explicate, unfold, illustrate, open, make out.
• OBSCURE, Dark, abstruse, riddle, aenigmatical, deep, profound, hard, difficult, mysterious, intrigue.

[Page 48] IV. COM­PLEX LO­GICAL NO­TIONS. IV. COMPLEX LOGICAL NOTIONS of discourse, may be di­stributed into such as are

• DISTINCTION, discriminate.
• AEQUIVOCATION, Ambiguous, Amphibole.
• LIMITATION, Restriction, stint, bound, terminate, determine.
• AMPLIATION, Inlarge, dilate, expatiate.
• DEFINITION.
• DESCRIPTION, Character, delineate, pourtray, plot, platform, model.
• DIVISION, Parting, Dichotomy.
• PARTITION, Distribution, parting.
• RULE, Maxim, Axiom, Principle, Theorem, Canon, Rubric, A­phorism, regulate.
• EXCEPTION, Exempt, reservation, restrain, exclude, seclude, salvo, save, set aside.
• ARGUMENTATION, Reason, argue, dispute, debate, discuss, dissertation, ratiocination, demonstration, sophistry, captious, cavil, polemic, mooting, Problem, chop Logic.
• ILLATION, Inference, consequence, consectary, deduction, sequel, Conclusion, Corollary, result, follow, imply.
• INDUCTION, Particularize.
• EXAMPLE, Instance, exemplifie, specifie, leading case.
• CITATION, Quotation, testimonies, alledge.
• ALLUSION, Glance.

[Page 49] V. MIXED NOTIONS OF DISCOURSE belonging both to Grammar and Logic may be distributed into such as are

• PROPOSITION, Thesis, Assertion, Point, Doctrine, Observation, Position, Problem.
• ADAGE, Proverb, Old-say or saw, By-word.
• ORATION, Speech, Harangue, Declamation, Oratory, Panegyric.
• EPISTLE, Letter.
• NARRATION, Relate, Story, History, Tale, tell, Tidings, Report, recite, recount, rehearse, impart, inform, Tradition, Annunciati­on, Commemoration, Diary, Diurnal, Gazet, Chronicle, Legend, bring word, give notice, or intelligence.
• RUMOR, Brute, Hear-say, Report, common Fame, Noise, Vogue.
• INTERPRETATION, Exposition, construction, explain, expli­cate, unfold, Trouchman.
• TRANSLATION, Construe, version, interpret, turn, render.
• PARAPHRASE, Descant, Metaphrase, Circumlocution.
• COMMENTARY, Gloss, Note, Annotation, Stricture, Scholiast, Expositor.
• EPITOME, Compendium, Brief, abbreviate, breviate, a­bridge, Breviary, succinct, concise, Abstract, Synopsis, Sy­stem, couch, contract, Summary, extract, recapitulate.
• PROLOGUE, Exordium, Preamble, Proem, Introduction, Pre­face, Prelude.
• EPILOGUE, Conclusion.
• TRANSITION, Pass-age.
• DIGRESSION, On the by, by the way, Diversion, Excursion, Ex­travagant, glance.

[Page 50] VI. MODES OF DI­SCOURSE. VI. MODES OF DISCOURSE▪ may be distributed into such as con­cern the business of proving or perswading, either

• QUESTION, Ask, Interrogate, demand, examin, expostulate, Inquisition.
• ANSWER, Responsal, Reply, Rejoinder, Return.
• AFFIRMATION, Assert, averr, avouch, prof [...] ss, Asseveration, Position.
• NEGATION, Deny, renounce, refuse, Recusant, disavow, gainsay, repulse, say nay.
• SUPPOSITION, Admit, premise, presuppose, Condition, Proviso, Hypothesis, put case.
• CONCESSION, Grant, yield, allow, acknowledge, admit, agree.
• OPPOSITION, Gainsay, thwart.
• CONTRADICTION.
• OBJECTION, Impugn, Cavil.
• SOLVTION, Solve, Answer, Resolve, Subterfuge, Evasion, Casuist.
• PROBATION, Prove, demonstrate, evince, Evidence, verifie, Reason, Presumption.
• CONFIRMATION, Stablish, establish, ratifie.
• CONFUTATION, Refell, refute, disprove, reason against.
• RETORTION, Invert, recriminate.
• POSING, Puzzle, nonplus, baffle, confound, gravel, run down.
• CONVICTION, Satisfie, evince.
• CONFESSION, Acknowledge, own, yield, grant, profess, cry mercy.
• RECANTATION, Renounce, retract, recal, revoke, unsay, bite in.

THose more special kinds of beings to be treated of Antecedane­ously to the Predicaments, §. I. because they are not (as Predicaments are) capable of any subordinate species, are GOD and WORLD.

That which the Heathen Philosophers stile the first Mover, the first and supreme cause of all things, and suppose to be a Being of all possible perfections, is GOD, Lord, Iehovah, Deity, Divine-ity, Deifie.

And because of that absolute Simplicity and Purity of the Divine na­ture, whereby 'tis distinguished from all other things, and therefore inca­pable of being divided by Parts, or by Differences and Species as the rest are; hereupon, under this Head there is onely provision to be made for that great Mystery of Christianity, the Sacred Persons of the Blessed Trinity

• SON, Christ, Iesus.
• HOLY GHOST, Holy Spirit.

To the name of God that of IDOL may be opposed, by which is meant any False God ; according to the Acception of the word in that Scripture, All the Gods of the Heathen are Idols.

To the Second Person the name ANTICHRIST may be adjoyned by way of Opposition; the true Notion and Importance of the word so requiring.

By WORLD, Vniverse, is meant the Compages or Frame of the whole Creation, §. II. with more especial reference to those Principal and more Gene­ral parts of which it consists; whether

• SPIRITUAL and immaterial. I.
• Parts into which it is divided, whether
• CELESTIAL. II.
• ANIMATE. V.
• CIRCLES by which it is divided. VI.

I. By SPIRIT is meant Immaterial Substance: I. SPIRIT. to which may be ad­joyned, as its proper Opposite, the word BODY, Corporeal, Matter-ial, Car­cass, Corps, corpulent.

A Created Spirit is either such as

• ANGEL- ical, Daemon.
• GOOD ANGEL, Cherub, Seraphim, Good Genius.
• DEVIL, Satan, Fiend, Diabolical, Daemon, Fury, Goblin, bad Genius.
• SOUL, Animate, Spirit, Mind.
• VEGETATIVE, grow.
• RATIONAL, reasonable.

[Page 52] II. HEAVEN. II. Amongst Corporeal Substances, that which is esteemed most Simple and most Perfect, whose general name is therefore frequently used to signifie a place or a state of the greatest Perfection and Happiness, together with that which in both these respects is opposite, are commonly styled

• HEAVEN, Celestial, Firmament, Skie.
• HELL, Infernal, Stygian.

Those parts of Heaven which fall under our Senses may be considered ac­cording to their.

• STARR, Stellate.
• FIXED STARR, Constellation.
• SUN, Solar.
• PLANET, Wandring starr.
• COMET, Blazing starr.
• SATURN- ine.
• JUPITER, Iovial.
• VENUS, Morning star, Evening star, Day starr.
• MERCURY- ial.
• The GLOBE OF SEA AND LAND, Earth, World, Oecu­menical, Terrestrial, Terrene, Vniverse, Geography.
• MOON, Lunar.

[Page 53] III. By EARTH, Land, World, III. EARTH. is meant the habitable parts of this Globe ; to which may be adjoyned the more general name of the Greater parts of the Earth, denoted by the word COUNTRY, Region, Land, Tract, Quarter, Coast.

The most considerable Notions belonging to Discourse, which refer to this, may be distinguished with respect to its

• MOVNTAIN, Hill, Ascent, Rising, Vpland, Downs, Knoll.
• VALLEY, Vale, Dale, Bottom.
• CONTINENT, Firm-land, Main-land.
• ISLAND, Isle, Insular.
• ROCK, Cragg.
• PROMONTORY, Cape, Fore-land, Head-land, Point,
• ISTHMUS, Streight, Neck of land.
• BANK, Shelf, Flat, Ridge, Shallow, Shole,
• SHORE, Strand, Sea-coast, Bank-side.
• WASHES, Sands.
• QUICKSANDS, Drift, Syrtis.

[Page 54] IV. WATER. IV To the word WATER, as it denotes the watry part of this Terre­strial Globe, may be adjoyned the word SEA, Marine, Maritim ; which de­notes the more general name of the greater parts of Water, as Country or Region does of Land.

The more considerable Notions under this Head may be distinguished as the other, with respect to its

• WAVE, Billow, Surge, Vndulation, Rough.
• WHIRL-POOL, Vorago, Gulf, Swallow.
• OCEAN, Main-sea.
• LAKE, Meer, Pond, Plash.
• WELL, Head.
• SPRING, Fountain, Source, Rivulet.
• BAY, Gulf, Creek, Arm of the Sea, Harbour, Port, Key.
• PENE-LAKE, Haven, Harbour, Port, Key.
• FRETUM, Streight, Narrow sea, Sound.
• SHORE, Margo aquea.
• TIDE, Ebb, Flow, High-water, Low-water, Neap-tide, Spring-tide.
• STREAM, River, Brook, Current, flow, pour, gush, Bourn, Rill, Rivulet, Eddy, Gullet, Flood, Deluge, Inundation, Torrent, Ca­taract, Water-course, Running-water.
• STAGNUM, Pool, Puddle, Pond, stagnate, standing-water, Dead-water.

V. ANI­MATE PARTS OF THE WORLD. V. The ANIMATE PARTS of the World do comprehend such Bodies as are endowed with Life or Spirit ; whether

• PLANT, Vegetable.
• HERB, Wort, Weed, Botanic.
• GRASS, Grase, Greensword.
• ANIMAL, Brute-ish.
• MAN, Woman, Human-ity, Folk.

[Page 55] VI. Besides those General parts into which the World may be divided, VI. IMAGI­NARY CIR­CLES. there is likewise consideration to be had of those Imaginary CIRCLES by which men have agreed to divide both the Celestial and Terrestrial Globe, for the better explaining of the Distances and Motions of the Starrs, and the several Climates of the Earth ; to which may be adjoyned for Affinity the Notion of ORBE, Sphere.

These Circles are either

• HORIZON- tall.
• AEQUATOR, Aequinoctial, the Line.
• MERIDIAN, Colure.
• TROPIC of ♋ Summer Solstice.
• TROPIC of ♑ Winter Solstice.
• ALMACANTAR.

CHAP. III. I. Of Elements and Meteors. II. Of Stones. III. Of Metals.

§. I. WHereas men do now begin to doubt, whether those that are called the Four ELEMENTS be really the Primordia rerum, First Principles, of which all mixed Bodies are compounded; therefore may they here be taken notice of and enumerated, without particular restriction to that Notion of them, as being onely the great Masses of na­tural Bodies, which are of a more simple Fabric then the rest: For which reason the word METEOR may be annexed to Element, for its affinity in this respect, signifying the several kinds of Bodies which are of a more imperfect mixture. These are, according to the common Theory, distin­guishable into

• WATER. III.
• APPARENT. V.
• WEATHER. VI.

[Page 57] I. The hottest and lightest kind of those that are counted Elements, I. FIRE. is called FIRE: Burn, Scald, Singe, Kindle, Tind, Light.

The several Notions referring to the Parts or Kinds of it, are distin­guishable by their Magnitude, Place, Duration, Shape, &c.

• FLAME, Blaze, Coruscation, Flash, Leam, Light fire.
• SPARK, Strike fire.
• COMET, Standing, Blazing starr.
• FALLING STARR.
• LIGHTNING, Flash, Coruscation.
• THUNDER, Fulminate.
• BEAM, Trabs.
• DART, Iaculum.
• CAPRA SALTANS.
• SCINTILLAE VOLANTES.
• IGNIS FATUUS, Will with a Wisp, Iack with a Lanthorn.
• IGNIS LAMBENS.

[Page 58] II. AIR. II. The General name for that kind of Body, which, for its Levity and Warmth, is counted the next Element to that of Fire, is AER- eal, Wind, Breath.

It is distinguishable by its

• AETHER, or aethereal Air, Firmament, Skie, Welkin.
• ATMOSPHERE.
• EXHALATION, Steam, Reek, Effluvium, volatile.
• VAPOR, Evaporate, Breathe.
• SMOKE, Suffumigation, bloting, fume.
• WIND, Blow, Gale, Breath, Blast, Puff, Gust, Flaw, Monsoon, Trade­wind, Bellows, Eolipile, Fan, Ventiduct.
• WHIRLWIND, He [...] ricano, Tornado.
• EARTHQUAKE.

III. The third of those greater Masses of Body, considerable for its Gra­vity and Moisture, III. WATER. is styled WATER: Aqueous, Dip, padle, Drein.

The names belonging to this are such as concern either

• DROP, Drip, drible, drizle, trickle, sprinkle, run, shed, instil.
• BUBBLE, Froth, Spume, Fome, Mantle, Ebullition.
• CLOUD, Overcast, gloomy.
• MIST, Fogg, nebulous.
• RAIN, Drizie.
• FROST, Freeze, Ice, congele, Isicle.
• RIME, Hoar [...] frost.

[Page 59] IV. That which is commonly described to be the Coldest, Thickest, IV. EARTH. Heaviest, of any of those Bodies counted Elements, is called EARTH, Land, Mold.

This is distinguishable by its

• DURT, Mud, Mire, daggle, puddle :
• ASHES, Embers, Cinders.
• SOOT, Fuliginous.
• MORTAR, Lome.
• PLASTER, Parget, Tarras, daube.

The placing of that Pair, Flame, Spark under the first Difference; NOTE. and that other Pair, Drop, Bubble, under the third Difference; with those other Species under the fourth Difference, must be granted to be besides the common Theory; But there is this account to be given of it, That there seems to be the like kind of resemblance and affinity in these to their Genus 'es, as there is in some of the other Species, which are com­monly received.

V. APPEARING METEORS are such as onely seem to be, and have not any real existence. V. APPEAR­ING METE­ORS.

These are either of a

• RAINBOW, Iris.
• PARASELENE.
• VIRGAE, Streaks, Rays of Light.
• CHASM, Gaping.

[Page 60] VI. WEA­THER. VI. By WEATHER is meant the state and condition of the Air ; the several kinds of which, not sufficiently expressible by any words in the precedent Table, are considered either as to

• CLEARNESS, Open, serene.
• MIZLING, Drizzle.
• GENTLE GALE, Breez.
• CALM, Still, Halcyon.
• STIFF GALE, High wind.
• TEMPEST, Storm, Flaw, blustering, boisterous.

SUch kind of Minerals as are hard and friable are called STONES, §. II. Petrifie, Quarry: to which EARTHY CONCRETIONS may be annexed by way of affinity, being more soft and brittle, and of a middle nature betwixt Stones and Metals.

• VULGAR, and of no price. I.
• MIDDLE-prized. II.
• LESS TRANSPARENT. III.
• MORE TRANSPARENT. IV.
• DISSOLVIBLE. V.
• NOT DISSOLVIBLE. VI.

I. VULGAR STONES, or such as are of little or no price, are distin­guishable from their different Magnitudes, Uses, Consistences, I. VULGAR STONES. into the

• FREE-STONE.
• MARCHASITE, Fire-stone.
• PIBBLE, Thunderbolt.
• WHET-STONE.
• TOUCH-STONE.
• SAND, Grit.

[Page 62] II. MIDDLE PRIZED STONES. II. MIDDLE-PRIZED STONES are either of a

• MARBLE, Porphyrie.
• JASPIS, Heliotrope.
• LAZUL, Azure-stone.
• CRYSTAL- ine.
• GLASS, Vitrifie.
• SELENITE, Muscovia glass, Isingglass, Sparr.
• LOAD-STONE, Magnet-ical, Compass.
• CADMIA, Calaminaris.
• AMIANTUS, Asbestus.
• CORAL- ine.

There are several other kinds of Stony Consistences mentioned in the Authors who write de Lapidibus. Some that are found in the Bodies of Animals, their Stomachs, Guts, Bladders, Kidneys, &c. several of which are denominated from the Animals in which they are found; as Alectorius, Chelidonius, Bezoar, &c. Others have peculiar names from their shapes ; as Astroides, Glossopetra, &c. Others made of Animals or parts of Animals petrified, which may be sufficiently expressed, without being particularly provided for in the Tables.

[Page 63] III. PRECIOUS STONES, Gemms, Iewels, are such as, III. PRECI­OUS STONES LESS TRANSPA­RENT. for their rarity and beauty, are every where more esteemed: amongst which some are LESS TRANSPARENT, which are distinguishable chiefly by their Colours: either

• SARDIUS, Cornelian, Bloud-stone.
• CHALCEDONY.

As for that which is commonly styled a Toadstone; this is properly a tooth of the Fish called Lupus marinus, as hath been made evident to the Royal Society by that Learned and inquisitive person D r Merit.

IV. MORE TRANSPARENT Gemms ; IV. PRECI­OUS STONES MORE TRANSPA­RENT. may be distinguished into such as are either

• DIAMOND, Adamant.
• SAPHIRE WHITE.
• RUBY, Carbuncle.
• CHRYSOLITE.
• EMERALD, Smaragd.

[Page 64] V. EARTHY CONCRETI­ONS DIS­SOLVIBLE. V. Such EARTHY CONCRETIONS as commonly grow in Mines, together with such other factitious Substances as have some analo­gy to these, and are DISSOLVIBLE by Fire or Water, may be distin­guished by their being

• SALT, Brine.
• NITRE, Salt-peter.
• SAL GEMMAE.
• VITRIOL, Chalchanthus, Copperas.
• URINOUS SALT.
• SAL AMMONIAC.
• CHRYSOCOLLA, Borax.
• SULPHUR, Brimstone.
• BITUMEN- inous.

VI. EARTHY CONCRE­TIONS NOT DISSOLVI­BLE. VI. EARTHY CONCRETIONS NOT DISSOLVIBLE may be distinguished by their various Colours; being either

• OKER, Yellow oker.
• RED OKER, Ruddie.
• PIT-COAL, Sea-coal.
• ORPIMENT, Auripigmentum.
• ARSENIC, Rats-bane.

METAL is a Mineral, for the most part, of a hard consistence, close, ductil, and fusil : §. III. It is distinguishable into

• NATURAL. I.
• FACTITIOUS. II.
• METALLINE KINDS. III.
• RECREMENTITIOUS PARTS. IV.

I. By NATURAL METALS are meant such as of themselves grow in the Earth, without any kind of mixture, or other help by the Art of men. I. NATU­RAL ME­TALS. These are either

• GOLD, Gilt, Or.
• SILVER, Argent.
• TINN, Stannery.
• LEAD, Plummer.

II. By FACTITIOUS METALS are meant such as are made by the Art of men. II. FACTI­TIOUS METALS. These may be distinguished into such as are made of

• BRASS, Brasier.
• PEWTER- er.

[Page 66] III. IMPERFECT kinds of METAL, are either

• MERCURY, Quick-silver.
• ANTIMONY- al.
• BISMUTE, Tin glass.
• SPELTER, Zink, Spalt.
• CINNABAR, Rudle.
• BLACK-LEAD.

IV. RECREMENTITIOUS PARTS OF METAL, are such as are cast off ; either in the

• SCORIA, Scales.
• RUST, Canker.
• VERDIGREECE, Aerugo.
• CERUSE, White lead.

CHAP. IV. I. Of Plants, The difficulty of enumerating and describing these. II. The more general distribution of them. III. Of Herbs considered accor­ding to their Leaves. IV. Of Herbs considered according to their Flowers. V. Of Herbs considered according to their Seed-vessels. VI. Of Shrubs. VII. Of Trees.

THe more perfect kind of Vegetables are called by the name of Plants, §. I. the several kinds of which are so exceeding numerous, as must needs render it a very difficult task for any man who is most versed in the study of them, either to enumerate them so fully or to order them so acu­rately, as will not be liable to many exceptions; especially considering the streining and force that must sometimes be used, to make things com­ply with the institution of these tables into which they are to be re­duced.

Gaspar Bauhinus doth in his Pinax reckon up about six thousand seve­ral plants, the particular names of which do amount to almost twice the number of words here intended for the whole body of language. And there is reason enough to believe, that there are many more besides those he mentions, since we find by daily experience, in sowing the seeds of Flowers and of Trees, and the different wayes of culture used about them, that new kinds of Flowers and of Fruits are continually produ­ced, such as were not before described by any Author, and such as do afterwards propagate their kinds; insomuch that it may well be doubted whether there be any determinate number of these subordinate Species.

I design in these following tables to take notice only of the chief fa­milies of Plants, to which the others are to be reduced. In the descripti­ons of which, there will be no small difficulty, by reason of their great number, and the want of proper words to express the more minute dif­ferences betwixt them, in respect of shape, colour, tast, smell, &c. to which instituted languages have not assigned particular names. I men­tion this by way of Apology for the several defects, which I am sensible of in the following tables.

In the description of those Plants which are heads of numerous fami­lies, I take notice only of that Communis ratio, which belongs to all the subordinate varieties of them, unless it be when there is no such common agreement belonging to them all: or where several things are reduced under the same head, some for their agreement in one Accident, and o­thers for their agreement in some other Accident; in which cases the de­scriptions here mentioned, are to be understood of the chief and most common Plants of that name.

As for the various particulars contained under each family, as suppose Tulips, Roses, Apples, Pears, Plums, &c. These need not be particularly provided for, both because the just number of them is not yet stated, every year producing new ones: And because they may as well be expressed Periphrastically here as in all other Languages; either by their

• [Page 68] Seasons ; whether Early or Late, Vernal, Autumnal, Hyemal.
• Lastingness ; being either Annual or Perennial.
• Bigness or Littleness, Talness or Lowness.
• Manner of growth ; whether Erect, Trailing, Creeping, Climbing, Twisting.
• Place of growth ; either Terrestrial, Hilly, Sandy, Stony, Clay▪ &c. Aquatic, belonging either to Sea or Rivers, Marish, Moorish, Fenny grounds.
• Root ; being either Fibrous, of bigger or lesser strings, more or less numerous, spreading sidewise or tending more directly down­wards: Or Bulbous, of one single bulb or several, whether Ob­round, Compressed, Oblong, Coated or Scaly: Or Tuberous, having its thicker parts contiguous, or hanging more at a distance by small strings.
• Stemm or stalk; whether Solid or Hollow, Smooth or Rugged, Round or Angular, Knotted or Jointed more or less frequently, being free from leaves, or having leaves.
• Superficies ; being Smooth, Unctuous, Shining, Rough, Prickly, Hairy, Woolly, &c.
• Shape and figure ; Round Angular, Broad Narrow, Long Short, of smooth or of indented, jagged, waved, curled edges, being either sharp or round pointed.
• Substance or Bulk ; Thick Succulent, or Thin Dry, being inter­spersed with nerves either direct or transverse.
• Colour ; whether the same on both sides or different, clear or spotted, of a brighter or darker green.
• Number ; One, Two, Three, &c.
• Manner of growth ; whether singly, or in pairs opposite to each other: or having more then two encompassing the stalk, Win­ged, Fingered, &c.
• Shapes ; consisting of one single undivided leaf, either divided at the edge or not: or having several leaves, three, four, five or more.
• Colour ; whether simple, as Red, Yellow, Purple, &c. or Mixed, Striped, Speckled, Edged.
• Number ; Bearing either One or Many, and these either single or double.
• Manner of growth ; whether of single flowers, being Erect, Hang­ing, Reversed, &c. or of several flowers, Verticillate, Spicate, Umbelliferous.
• Seed-vessels ; whether Oblong, Closed or Open, Round, Hollow▪ So­lid, Smooth, Rugged, Prickly, Scaly, conteining few or many seeds.
• Seeds themselves ; Round, square, flat, oblong, downy, &c. smooth, Echinate, black, white, shining, &c.
• Fruits ; Apples, Berries, &c.
• Iuice ; Waterish, Gummy, Milky, Yellow.

[Page 69] To all which may be added their different smells and tasts, and the several uses they are commonly applyed unto; by some of which Acci­dents all other Plants may be sufficiently described.

I had formerly distributed the kinds of Herbs, according to those se­veral ends and purposes for which they are commonly used, into these three heads; 1. Such as are for pleasure, being usually cherished in Gardens, for their flowers, or beauty, or sweet sent. 2. Such as are Alimentary, being used by men for food, either in respect of their Roots, their Leaves or Stalks, their Fruit or their Seed. 3. Such as are Medici­nal, being either Hot and biting, or Cold and Stupefying, Purgative, Al­terative, Vulnerary. But upon further consideration I am satisfied, that though these heads may seem more facil and vulgar; yet are they not so truly Philosophical, but depend too much upon the Opinions and customs of several times and Countries.

As for the usual distinction betwixt Shrubbs and Trees ▪ it doth not seem (at least so farr as these things have been hitherto described) to have any such distinct limits in nature, as were to be desired, and as is to be found betwixt other things, there being several under each head, which seem to be of a doubtful condition. Some that are reckoned for Shrubbs, which have a fair pretence to be placed amongst Trees: and others ac­counted Trees, which without any injury might be reduced to the Genus of Shrubbs. I do in the following tables comply with that opinion, which seems most common and probable.

The reason why the two last differences of Trees, is not from their fruit (as the others are) but from their Woods and Rines, or from their Rosins and Gumms, is because these are the only things that we yet know of them, their natures in other respects being not yet (for ought I know) described by any Authors.

As for any new species of Plants that shall hereafter be discovered, 'tis probable they may by analogie be reduced either to some of the fami­lies here mentioned, or at least to some of the Tribes.

I have added to the several species of Plants and Animals, their Latin names in the Margin, because many of them are as well, if not better, known by such compellations; and because they are most frequently treated of by the Authors who write in that Language.

Plants may be distinguished into such as are more §. II.

• Seed-vessels.
• Lesser, which commonly grow up from the root in several stemms called Shrubbs.
• Larger, which of themselves do grow up in one single stemm, called Trees.

[Page 70] §. III, HERBS CONSIDERED ACCORDING TO THEIR LEAVES, may be distinguished into such as are

• Imperfect ; which either do want, or seem to want some of the more es­sential parts of Plants, viz. either Root, Stalk or Seed. I.
• FRUMENTACEOUS; Such whose seed is used by men for food, either Bread, Pudding, Broth, or Drink. II.
• NOT FRUMENTACEOUS; III.
• BULBOUS ROOTS; Having no fibers from the side, but only from the Bottom or the Top; whose leaves are more thick, undivided, smooth-edged, and generally deciduous. IV.
• AFFINITY TO BULBOUS ROOTS; V.
• NERVOUS; having several prominent Fibers. VII.
• SUCCULENT; having thick juicie leaves, covered with a close membrane, through which the moisture cannot easily transpire, which makes them continue in dry places. VIII.
• SUPERFICIES of the Leaf, or MANNER of Growing. IX.

I. IMPER­FECT HERBS. I. IMPERFECT HERBS may be distinguished into

• Fungus. Mucor. MUSHROOM, Toadstool, Fungus, Touchwood, Spunke.
• MOULD, Horiness, Vinnewd.
• Tuber. Fungus p [...] lve­rulentus. TRUBS, Trufle.
• FUZBALL, Puchfist.
• Moschus. Lichen. LIVER WORT.
• FEARN, Brake.
• Filix. Diyopteris. OAK-FEARN.
• WHITE MAIDENHAIR, Wall-rue, Adianthum album. Capillus Vene­ris. Tentwort
• BLACK MAIDENHAIR.
• ROUGH SPLEENWORT. Polypodium. Lonchitis.
• ENGLISH BLACK MAIDENHAIR. Trichema [...] s. Asplenium.
• SPLEENWORT, Miltwast.
• MULE FEARN.
• HARTSTONGUE. Hemionitis. Phyllitis.
• MOON WORT. Lunaria. Ophioglossum.
• ADDERS TONGUE.
• DUCKWEED. Lens palustris. Conferva.
• HAIRY RIVER WEED.
• SPUNGE. Spongia. Androsace.
• SEA NAVELWORT.
• SEA-LETTICE. Lactuca ma­rina.
• SEA-EAR. Auris marina. Opuntia ma­rina.
• ROUND LEAVED OYSTER WEED.
• WRACK. Alga.

[Page 72] II. GRAMI­NEOUS FRUMEN­TACEOUS HERBS. II. GRAMINEOUS FRUMENTACEOUS HERBS, may be di­stinguished into such, whose seeds are

• Triticum. Secale. WHEAT.
• Frumentum Indicum. MAIZE, Indian-wheat.
• BARLY, Malt.
• Hordeum. Oriza. RICE.
• Avena. OAT.
• Panicum. PANIC.
• Sorgum. Milium. INDIAN MILLET.

[Page 73] III. GRAMINEOUS PLANTS NOT used by men FOR FOOD, III GRAMI­NEOUS PLANTS NOT USED BY MEN FOR FOOD. may be distributed into such as are

• CANARY-GRASS. Phalaris. Gra. Pan [...] ce­um.
• PANIC-GRASS.
• FOX-TAIL. Alopecuros. Gr. Typhinum.
• WHEAT-GRASS. Gr. Triticeum.
• MATWEED. Spartum. Gr. Hordeace­um.
• WILD BARLY.
• DARNELL, Tares. Lolium. Gr. Caninum.
• DOGS-GRASS, Quitch, Couch.
• CR [...] STED-GRASS. Gr. Cristatum.
• REED. Arundo. Lachrimae Iob
• JOB'S-TEARS.
• OAT-GRASS. Gr. Avenace­um. Dactyloides.
• FINGER-GRASS.
• PEARL-GRASS, Quaking-grass.
• HAIRY-GRASS. Gr. tremulum. Gr. hirsutum.
• MEADOW-GRASS.
• SWEET SMELLING REED.
• CAMELS HAY. Calamus Aro­maticus, Schoenanthus,
• GALINGAL [...] .
• RUSH. Cyperus. Iuncus.
• FEATHER GRASS.
• COTTON GRASS. Gr. plumosum. Gr. tomento­sum.
• BURR REED. Typha. Sparganium.
• MOUSE-TAIL. Myosuros.

[Page 74] IV. GRAMI­NEOUS HERBS of BULBOUS ROOTS. IV GRAMINEOUS HERBS of BULBOUS ROOTS, may be distinguished into such as are considerable for their

• CROWN IMPERIAL.
• L [...] lium. Martagon. LILLY.
• MARTAGON, Turks-cap.
• Tulipa. Fritiliaria. TULIP.
• FRITILLARY.
• Narcissus. Hyacinthus. DAFFODILL.
• Ornithogalum. Viola bulbosa. STARR OF BETHLEHEM.
• BULBOUS VIOLET, Snow-drop.
• Iris bulbosa. Gladiolus si­getum. BULBOUS IRIS, Flower de luce.
• M [...] DOW SAFFRON, Naked Lady.
• Colchicum. Crocus. CROCUS, Saffron.
• O [...] ch [...] s. ORCHIS, Satyrion.
• C [...] pa. Porrum. LEEK.
• Ascalonitis. Porrum sectile. SHALOT, Echalole.
• Allium sati­vum. Moly. GARLICK.
• MOUNTAIN RAMSON.
• Scylla. SQUILL, Sea-onyon.

[Page 75] V. HERBS OF AFFINITY TO BULBOUS PLANTS, V. HERBS OF AFFI­NITY TO BULBOUS PLANTS. upon account of their leaves or flowers, may be distinguished into such as are either

• KINGS SPEAR.
• SPIDER WORT. Asphodelus. Phalangium.
• TUBEROUS FLOWER DE LUCE. Liliasphodelus▪ Iris tuberosa.
• FLOWRING REED.
• JUCCA, Indian bread. Canna Indica. Iucca.
• INDIAN HYACINTH. Hyacinthus. Indi [...] tu e­rosu [...] .
• FLOWRING RUSH. Iuncus flori­dus.
• BIRDS NEST. Nidus avis▪
• TOOTHWORT. Orobanche. Dentaria aphyllos.
• DRAGON. Dracontium,
• WAKE ROBIN, Cuckoo-pintle. Arum.
• BROAD LEAVED FRIARS COWLE. Arisarum la­t [...] sol. Arisarum an­gus [...] ifol.
• NARROW LEAVED FRIARS-COWLE.

[Page 76] VI. ROUND LEAVED HERBS. VI. HERBS OF ROUND LEAVES, may be distinguished into such whose leaves are

• Tussilag [...] . Petasitis. COLTSFOOT.
• BUTTERBURR.
• Bardana ma­jor. Bardana mi­nor. GREAT BURDOCK.
• LITTLE BURDOCK.
• Ca [...] aha. HORSEFOOT, Mountain-Coltsfoot.
• Nymp [...] ea. Caltha palu­s [...] ris. WATER-LILLY.
• MARSH-MARIGOLD.
• Viola. Herba Trinita­ [...] is. VIOLET.
• PANSY, Hearts-ease
• Asarum. Cyclan [...] e [...] . ASARABACCA.
• Pinguicula. Gramen Par­nassi. BUTTERWORT, York-shire Sanicle.
• GRASS OF PARNASSUS.
• Pyrola. Ros solis. WINTERGREEN.
• SANICLE. Sanicula. Alchymilla.
• LADIES MANTLE.
• WHITE SAXIFRAGE. Saxifraga alba. Saxifraga aurea.
• GOLDEN SAXIFRAGE.
• GROUND IVY, Alehoof, Tunnhoof. Hedera terre­stris. Nummularia.
• MONYWORT, Herb twopence.
• INDIAN CRESS. Nasturtium. Indicum.
• SCURVY-GRASS. Cochlearia. Soldanella,
• SEA-BINDWEED.

[Page 78] VII. HERBS OF NER­VOUS LEAVES. VII. HERBS OF NERVOUS LEAVES, may be distributed into such as are

• Helleborus al­bus. Helleborine. WHITE HELLEBORE, Neezwort.
• HELLEBORINE, Bastard white Hellebore.
• Plantago. Coronopus. PLANTAIN.
• Bistorta. Saponaria. SNAKEWEED, Bistort.
• Holosicum. Psyllium. SEA-PLANTAIN.
• Monophylion. Bitolium. ONE-BLADE.
• TWAY-BLADE.
• Gentiana. Gentianella. GENTIAN, Fellwort.
• DWARF-GENTIAN.
• Sigillum Salo­monis. Lilium conval­lium. SOLOMONS-SEAL.
• LILLY OF THE VALLEY.
• Potamogeiton. Tribulus a­quaticus. PONDWEED.
• WATER-CALTROPE.

[Page 79] VIII. SUCCULENT HERBS may be distributed into such as are

• HOUSELEEK, Sengreen. Sedum majus. Aloe.
• ORPINE, Teleph [...] um. Rhodia radix.
• PURSLAIN. Portulaca. Cepaa.
• GARDEN BROOKLIME.
• SPOTTED SANICLE. Sanicula gut­tata. Sedum serra­tum.
• INDENTED SENGREEN.
• STONE CROPP. Sedum minus. Illecebra.
• WALL PEPPER.
• NAVELWORT, Wall-pennywort, Vmbilicus Ve­neris.
• GLASSWORT. Cali.

[Page 80] IX. HERBS considered according to their SU­PERFICIES, or MAN­NER OF GROWING. IX, HERBS considered according to the SUPERFICIES of their Leaves, or their MANNER OF GROWING, may be distinguished in­to such as are

• Borago. Buglossum. BURRAGE.
• Anchusa. Echium. ALKANET.
• VIPERS BUGLOSS.
• Pulmonaria. Corinthe. SAGE OF JERUSALEM, Ladies-glove.
• Symph [...] tum. Cynoglossum. COMFREY.
• DOGS-TONGUE, Hounds-tongue.
• Lithospermum. Heliotropium. GRUMMELL.
• HELIOTROPE.
• Asparagus. Gallium. ASPARAGUS.
• LADIES-BEDSTRAW, Cheeserunning.
• Equis tum Millefolium cornutum aquaticum. HORSE-TAIL.
• HORNED WATER-MILFOIL.
• Rubia [...] inile­rum. Cruciata. MADDER.
• M [...] llugo.Apar [...] . BASTARD MADDER.
• GOOSE-GRASS, Cleavers.
• A [...] la Spergula. SPURRY.

HErbs considered according to their flower, §. IV. having no seed-vessel be­sides the Cup which covers the flower, may be distinguished into

• STAMINEOUS; whose flower doth consist of threddy Filaments or Stamina, having no leaves besides the Perianthium : or those herbace­ous leaves encompassing these stamina, which do not wither or fall away before the seed is ripe. I.
• NOT PAPPOUS. II.
• PAPPOUS, whose seeds do either ly in down: or have some downy parts. III.
• BROADER LEAVES; under which are comprehended all such whose leaves are about the same bredth, or broader then Parsly. IV.
• FINER LEAVES; under which are comprehended all such, whose leaves are divided into narrower segments then those of Parsley. V.
• FRUTICOSE; having stalks of a hard woody consistence. VI.
• NOT FRUTICOSE. VII.
• SPICATE. VIII.
• SEED; growing MANY TOGETHER IN A Cluster or BUT­TON. IX.

[Page 82] I. HERBS OF STAMI­NEOUS FLOWERS. I. HERBS OF STAMINEOUS FLOWERS, and not of grassy leaves, may be distributed into such whose seeds are

• Rhabarba­rum. Lapathum. RUBARB.
• Acetosa. Acetosa Ro­mana. SORREL.
• FRENCH SORREL.
• BUCK-WHEAT, Brank.
• Tragopyrum. Convolvulus niger. BLACK BINDWEED.
• Polygonum. KNOT-GRASS.
• HEMP, Tow, Canvas.
• [...] aunabis. Lupulus. HOPP.
• Mercurialis. Phyllon. CHILDING MERCURY.
• Cynocrambe. DOGS MERCURY.
• Spinachia. Bonus Nenri­ [...] . SPINAGE.
• ENGLISH MERCURY.
• ORRAGE· Atriplex. Pes Auserinus.
• BEET. Beta.
• DYERS-WEED. Luteola. Reseda.
• BASE ROCKET.
• MEADOW-RUE. Thalictrum.
• OAK OF HIERUSALEM. Botrys. Ambrosia.
• OAK OF CAPPADOCIA.
• NETTLE. Vrtica urens.
• BLITE. Blitum. Amaranthus.
• PRINCES FEATHER, Amaranthus.
• PELLITORY OF THE WALL. Parietaria.
• RUPTUREWORT. Herniaria. Camphorata.
• STINKING GROUND-PINE.

[Page 84] II. HERBS OF A COM­POUND FLOWER NOT PAP­POUS. II. HERBS having a COMPOUND FLOWER NOT PAPPOUS, may be distinguished into such whose flowers are compounded either of

• Flos solis. Flos solis Pyra­midalis. SUN-FLOWER.
• HIERUSALEM-HARTICHOKE.
• Bellis major. Bellis minor. GREAT DAISY.
• Cosius horto­rum. Ageratum. ALECOST, Costmary.
• MAUDLIN TANSY.
• Stoechas citri­na. Guaphalium. GOLDEN STAECHAS.
• CUDWEED, Cottonweed.
• Chrysanthe­mum segetum. Buphthalmum verum. CORN MARIGOLD.
• Flos Africanus. AFRICAN MARIGOLD.
• Chamaeme­lum. Cotula faetida. CAMOMIL.
• STINKING MAYWEED.
• Mal [...] aria. FEAVERFEW.
• SNEEZEWORT.
• TARRAGON. Ptarmica. Draco h [...] rba.
• SOUTHERNWOOD. Abrotanum. mas. Abrotanum foemina.
• LAVENDER COTTON.
• WORMWOOD. Absinthium. Artemisia.
• TANSY. Tanacetum. Millefolium.
• SCABIOUS Scabiosa. Morsus Dia­boli.
• DIVELS BIT.
• BLEW DAISY. Globularia. Caryophyllus marinus.
• THRIFT, Sea Gilly-flower.
• ENDIVE. Endivia. Cichoreum.

[Page 86] III. PAP­POUS HERBS. III. PAPPOUS HERBS, may be distributed into such whose heads are either

• Carduus. Cinara. HARTICHOKE.
• Cyanus. Ptarmica Au­striaca. BLEWBOTTLE.
• AUSTRIAN SNEEZEWORT.
• Serratula. Centaurium majus. GREAT CENTORY.
• Iacea. Stabe. KNAPWEED.
• SILVER KNAPWEED.
• Carthamus. Chondrilla crupina. BASTARD SAFFRON.
• BEARDED CREEPER.
• Doronicum. Helenium. LEOPARDS-BANE.
• ELECAMPANE.
• Senecio. Iacobaea. GROUNDSIL.
• Eupatorium cannabinum mas. Virga aurea. DUTCH AGRIMONY.
• GOLDEN ROD.
• As [...] er. [...] oniza. FLEABANE.
• SEA-STARWORT. Tripolium. Crithmum chrysanthe­mum.
• GOLDEN FLOWER'D SAMPHIRE.
• LETTICE. Lactuca. Chondrilla.
• GUMM SUCCORY.
• HAWKWEED. Hieracium. Dens Leonis.
• GOATS-BEARD. Tragopogon. Pilosella.
• SOWTHISTLE. Sonch [...] . Lampsana.
• NIPPLEWORT.

[Page 88] IV. UMBEL­LIFEROUS HERBS OF BROADER LEAVES. IV. UMBELLIFEROUS HERBS whose LEAVES are MORE BROAD and less finely cut, may be distinguished into such as are,

• Anisum. Coriandrum. ANNIS.
• Sison. BASTARD STONE PARSLEY.
• M [...] rrhis. Cicutaria vul­garis. SWEET CICELY.
• WILD CICELY.
• Hipposel [...] num. Levisticum. ALEXANDERS
• Angelica. Imperatoria. MASTERWORT.
• Laserpitium. Libanotis Theophrasti. LASERWORT.
• HERB FRANKINCENSE OF THEOPHRASTUS.
• Silermonta­num. SERMOUNTAIN.
• Valeriana. Vlmaria. VALERIAN.
• MEDOW SWEET.
• PARSLEY. Petroselinum. Apium palu­sire.
• HERCULES ALL-HEAL. Panax Hercu­leum.
• SKIRRET. Pastinaca sa­tiva latifol. Sisarum.
• THOROUGH WAX. Persoliata. Bupleurum.
• BURNET SAXIFRAGE. Pimpinella saxifraga. Eringium um­belliferum.
• UMBELLIFEROUS ERINGO.
• CANDY ALEXANDER. Smyrnium Creticum.
• COW-PARSNIP. Sphondilium. Sium.
• WATER-PARSNIP.

[Page 90] V. UMBELLIFEROUS HERBS whose LEAVES are more FINE­LY CUT into narrow segments, V. UMBEL­LIFEROUS HERBS OF FINER LEAVES. may be distinguished into such as are

• Foeniculum. Anethum. FENNEL.
• HOGS FENNEL.
• Peu [...] edanum. Crithmum. SAMPHIRE.
• Ferula. Libanotis Ga­leni. GIANT FENNEL.
• HERB FRANKINCENSE OF GALEN.
• Meum. Ammi. SPIGNEL.
• BISHOPSWEED.
• S [...] seli Massili­ [...] use. HARTWORT.
• Pastinaca sa­tiva tenui fol. Daucus. CARRET.
• WILD CARRET, Birds-nest.
• Carum. Cuminum. CARROWEY.
• Panax Ascl [...] ­pium. Cherephyllon. ALLHEAL.
• Cicuta. Cicutaria a­quatica. HEMLOCK.
• WATER HEMLOCK.
• Bulbocasta­non. [...] lipendula [...] ul [...] a [...] is. EARTHNUT
• PELLITORY OF SPAIN.
• SCORCHING FENNEL. Pyrethrum. Thapsia.
• SPANISH PICKTOOTH. Gingidium. Caucalis.
• BASTARD PARSLEY.
• WATER-MILFOIL. Millefolium aquaticum. Thyscelinum.
• MILKY-PARSLEY.
• WATER DROPWORT. Oenanthe.

VI. VERTICILLATE FRUTICOSE HERBS, being all of them odorate, VI. VERTI­CILLATE FRUTI­COSE HERBS. may be distinguished into such whose leaves are either

• SAGE. Salvia.
• GERMANDER. Chamaedris. Teucrium.
• TREE GERMANDER.
• GOATS MARJORAM. Marum. Tragoriganum.
• THYME. Thymus.
• LAVENDER. Lavendula Staechas.
• CASSIDONY, French Lavender, Stickadove.
• POLIMOUNTAIN Polium mon­tanum.
• HYSSOP. Hyssopus. Satureia.
• WINTER-SAVORY.

[Page 92] VII. VERTICILLATE NOT FRUTICOSE HERBS, may be di­stinguished into such as are

• Mentha. Nepeta. MINT.
• Melissa. Calamintha. BALM.
• Molucca. ASSYRIAN BALM.
• Majorana. Origanum. MARJORAM.
• WILD MARJORAM, Organy.
• Ocymum. Acinos▪ BASIL.
• STONE-BASIL.
• Dictamnus. Marrubium album. DITTANY.
• WHITE HOREHOUND.
• Chamaepytis. GROUND-PINE.
• Pulegium. PENNYROYAL.
• Scordium. Scoredonia. WATER GERMANDER.
• Sclarea. Ho [...] minum. WILD CLARY.
• DEAD NETTLE, Archangel.
• BLACK HOREHOUND. Vrtica iners. Marrubium nigrum.
• BASE HOREHOUND.
• IRONWORT. Stachis. Sideritis.
• MOTHER WORT.
• HEDGE HYSSOP. Gratiola. Lysimachia galericulata.
• HOODED LOOSE STRIFE.
• BETONY. Betonica. Lysimachia purpur [...] a.
• PURPLE LOOSE STRIFE.
• BUGLE. Prunella. Bugala.
• DODDER. Cuscuta.

[Page 94] VIII. SPI­CATE HERBS. VIII. SPICATE HERBS, may be distinguished into such as are

• Dipsacus. Eryngium. TEASEL.
• Carduus globo­sus. Virga Pastoris. GLOBE THISTLE.
• SHEPHEARDS ROD.
• Agrimonia. Circaea Lute­tiana. AGRIMONY.
• ENCHANTERS NIGHT-SHADE.
• Pimpinella sanguisorba. BURNET.
• Lagopus. Trifolium stellatum. HARES-FOOT.
• STARR-HEADED TREFOIL.
• Perficaria. Potamog [...] iton angustifolium. ARSMART.
• NARROW-LEAVED PONDWEED.

[Page 95] IX. HERBS bearing MANY SEEDS together IN A cluster or BUTTON, IX. HERBS BEARING MANY SEEDS IN A BUT­TON. may be distinguished according to the

• WILD TANSY. Argentina. Cariophyllatae.
• CINQUEFOIL. Pentaphyllon. Tormentilla.
• ANEMONY, Wind-flower. Anemone. Pulsatilla.
• PASCH FLOWER.
• CROW-FOOT. Ranunculus. Obelidonium minus.
• ADONIS FLOWER.
• MALLOW. Malva. Malva hor­tensis major.
• MARSH MALLOWS. Althaea. Malva arbo­rea.
• TREE MALLOW.
• VERVAIN MALLOW. Alc [...] a.

HERBS of Perfect flowers considered according to their Seed-vessels, may be distinguished into such as have

• A divided Seed-vessel ; §. V. into several distinct cases, which may be called CORNICULATE. I.
• CLIMBERS; such as are generally furnished with Tendrils or Claspers. II.
• NOT CLIMBERS; being without such Tendrils. III.
• Not papillionaceous ; such whose FLOWERS do generally CON­SIST OF FOUR LEAVES. IV.
• Pentapetala ; such as bear FLOWERS OF FIVE LEAVES V.
• Tripetala, and Tetrapetala ; such as bear FLOWERS OF THREE or FOUR LEAVES VI.
• Campanulate ; such whose flowers have some resemblance to the figure of a Bell VII.
• Not campanulate ; the limbs of whose flowers are divided into several segments, representing so many distinct leaves. VIII.
• BACCIFEROUS; whose seeds are included in a juicy pulpe. IX.

1. HERBS OF COR­NICULATE SEED VES­SELS. I. HERBS OF A CORNICULATE or Horned SEED-VESSEL, may be distinguished into such as are

• Paeonia. Fraxinella. PIONY.
• FRAXINELLA, Bastard Dittany
• Delpi [...] nium. Apud gia. LARKS HEEL.
• Acomtu [...] . Anthora. WOLVES BANE.
• WHOLSOM WOLVES BANE.
• Acomtum hy [...] ­male. Staphis ag [...] a. WINTER WOLF-BANE.
• STA [...] ES-ACRE.
• Geramum. [...] . RANES-BILL.
• VENUS COMB, Shepheards needle.

[Page 97] II. PAPILIONACEOUS CLIMBING HERBS, II. PAPI­LIONACE­OUS CLIMBERS. may be distributed into such as do climb; either by

• KIDNEY BEAN, French bean, Ginny bean.
• BEAN OF THE ANTIENTS. Faba vete­rum. Pisum.
• LENTIL. Vicia. Lens.
• BITTER VETCH.
• CHICKLING. Lathyrus. Ochrus.
• WINGED WILD PEASE.
• YELLOW WILD VETCH. Aphaca.
• UNDERGROUND CHICKLING. Arachidua. Terrae glandes.
• PEASE EARTH-NUTS.

[Page 98] III PAPI­LIONACE­OUS NOT CLIMBING. III. PAPILIONACEOUS HERBS NOT CLIMBING, may be distinguished into such as have; either

• Faba. Lupinus. BEAN.
• CHICH PEASE.
• WILD LICCORICE.
• MILK VETCH.
• LADIES FINGER.
• FRENCH HONNYSUCKLE.
• COCKS-HEAD, Sanfoin.
• Smooth ; whether such as bear
• HATHCET VETCH.
• CRIMSON GRASS VETCH.
• SENSITIVE PLANT.
• BIRDS FOOT. Ornithopodi­um. Tribulus terri­stris.
• LAND CALTROPS.
• MELILOT. Melilotus. Trifolium pra­tense.
• TREFOIL HONNYSUCKLE.
• SCORPION GRASS. Telephium Scorpoides. Scorpoides buplurifolio.
• CATERPILLER.
• FOEN GREEK. Lotus. Foenum Gra­cum.
• CAMOCK, Rest-harrow.
• SNAIL TREFOIL. Medica cochle­ata. Medica Echi­nata.
• HEDGHOG TREFOIL.

[Page 100] IV. SILI­QUOUS NOT PAPI­LIONACE­OUS HERBS. IV. SILIQUOUS HERBS NOT PAPILIONACEOUS, whose flowers consist generally of four leaves, may be distinguished by their

• Leucoium Keiri. STOCK GILLY-FLOWER.
• WALL FLOWER.
• Hesperis. Dentaria. DAMES VIOLET, Double Rocket.
• Lysimachia siliquosa Apocynum re­ctum Syria­cum. CODDED WILLOW HERB, Codded loose strife.
• UPRIGHT DOGS-BANE, Silk-grass.
• Rapum. Napus. NAVEW.
• Brassica. Perfoliata sili­quosa. CABBIDGE, Colewort, Colly-flower.
• CODDED THOROUGH WAX.
• Eruca-Barbarea. WINTER-CRESS.
• Alliaria. Capsicum. SAUCE ALONE, Iack by the Hedge.
• GINNY PEPPER.
• Sinapi. Rapistrum. CHARLOCK.
• HORNED POPPY. Papaver cor­niculatum. Chelidoni [...] m majus.
• GREAT CELENDINE.
• FLIXWEED. Sophia Chi­rurgorum.
• TOWER MUSTARD. Turritis. Pilosella sili­quosa.
• CODDED MOUSE-EAR.
• TREACLE WORMSEED. Camelina myagrum. Draba lute [...] .
• YELLOW ARABIAN MUSTARD.
• SWALLOW-WORT. Apocynum. Asclepias.
• WATER CRESS. Nassurtium aquaticum. Cardamine.
• CUCKOE FLOWER, Lady-smock.

[Page 102] V. CAPSU­LATE HERBS of FIVE LEA­VED FLOW­ERS. V. CAPSULATE HERBS bearing FLOWERS OF FIVE LEAVES, may be distinguished into such whose leaves are

• GILLYFLOWER.
• Caryophillus. Caryophillus minor. PINK.
• Lychnis. Muscipula. CATCHFLY.
• VENUS LOOKING-GLASS.
• LONDON TUFT, Sweet Iohn, Sweet William.
• Armeria. Lychnis Chalcedonica. BRISTOW NONSUCH.
• Centaurium minu [...] . LESSER CENTAURY.
• Vaccaria. Pseudo. me­lanthium. COW-BASIL.
• St. JOHNS-WORT.
• [...] ypericum. Ascirum. St. PETERS-WORT.
• Androsaemum. vulgare. TUTSAN, Park-leaves.
• Gramen Leu­canthemum. Alsine myoso [...] is. STICHWORT.
• COMMON CHICKWEED.
• BASTARD CHICKWEED.
• Alsine. Anagallis. PIMPERNEL.
• Tithymallus. SPURGE, Tithymal.
• Linum. Lysimachia lutea. FLAX, Linseed.
• YELLOW LOOSE STRIFE.
• RUE, Herb of grace.
• Ruta. Nigella. FENNEL FLOWER.

[Page 103] VI. CAPSULATE HERBS, whose flowers consist of three or four leaves, may be distinguished into such as are; VI. CAP­SULATE of three or four leaved flowers. either of

• FRESH WATER SOULDIER. Militaris Aizoides. Sagittaria.
• ARROW-HEAD.
• BULBONACH, Honesty, Sattin.
• MADWORT OF DIOSCORIDES.
• THLASPI. Thlaspi. Bursa pastoris.
• SHEPHEARDS PURSE.
• BASTARD POPPY.
• GARDEN CRESS.
• SCIATICA CRESS.
• PEPPER-WORT.
• SWINES CRESS.
• BARRENWORT.
• GOLD OF PLEASURE.
• SEA-LAVENDER.
• BROOKLIME. Anagallis aquatica.
• WILD GERMANDER.

[Page 104] VII. CAM­PANULATE VII. CAMPANULATE HERBS, may be distinguished into such as are

• Pepo. Melo POMPEON, Quash.
• MELON, Musk-melon.
• Cucurbita. Citrullus. GOURD.
• Cucumis. COWCUMBER.
• Colocynthis. Cucumis asi­ninus. COLOQUINTIDA.
• WILD COWCUMBER.
• Balsaminamas. MALE BALSOM.
• Convolv [...] lus. Scammonia Syriaca▪ BINDWEED.
• Violae Maria­nae. Trachelium. COVENTRY BELLS.
• THROATWORT.
• Mirabile Pe­ruvianum. Strammoni­um. MERVAIL OF PERU.
• THORN APPLE.
• Rapunculus. Campanula. RAMPION.
• BELL-FLOWER.
• Digitalis. Sesamum. FOXGLOVE.
• OYLY PURGING PULSE
• Nicoti [...] na. Hyosciamus. TOBACCO.

[Page 105] VIII. CAPSULATE HERBS NOT CAMPANULATE, having their leaves divided into several segments, VIII. CAP­SULATE HERBS NOT CAM­PANULATE may be distinguished into such as have

• PAIGLE, Cowslip. Primula veris. Paralysis.
• BEARS EAR. Auricula Vrsi. Paralysis mon­tana.
• BEARS EAR SANICLE. Cortusa.
• MOTH MULLEIN. Verbascum. Blattaria.
• BIRTHWORT. Aristolochia. Scrophularia.
• SNAPDRAGON.
• TOAD-FLAX. Antirrhinum. Linaria.
• COCKSCOMB. Crista galli. Euphrasia.
• BRANK URSIN, Bears-breech.
• COW WHEAT. Branca Vrsi­na. Melampyrum.
• CODDED ARSMART.
• FEMALE FLUELLIN, Female Speedwell. Noli me tan­gere. Elatine.
• PERIWINKLE. Vinca pervin­ca.

[Page 106] IX. BACCI­FEROUS HERBS. IX. BACCIFEROUS HERBS, may be distinguished according to their

• Fragaria. STRAWBERRY.
• Pomum amo­ris. Malum insa­ [...] um. APPLE OF LOVE.
• [...] attata. POTATO OF VIRGINIA.
• Solanum. Mandragoras. NIGHTSHADE.
• Aconitum ra­cemosum. Herba Paris. HERB CHRISTOPHER, Berry bearing Wolves-bane.
• HERB TRUE LOVE, One Berry.
• Bryonia alba. Bryonia nigra. WHITE BRIONY.
• BLACK BRIONY, Wild Vine, Ladies-seal
• Smilax aspera· PRICKLY BINDWEED.
• Alkake [...] gi. Cacubalum. Plinii. WINTER CHERRY.
• BERRY BEARING CHICKWEED.
• Eubulus. DANEWORT.

SHRUBS may be distributed into such as are

• SPINOUS, or thorny. I.
• NOT SPINOUS. II.
• EVERGREEN. III.
• SILIQUOUS; such as bear their seeds in PODS. IV.
• DECIDUOUS. V.
• EVERGREEN. VI.

1. BACCIFEROUS SPINOUS shrubs of DECIDUOUS leaves, may be distinguished into such as have either

• RASBERRY, Raspis. Rubus Idaeus. Rubus vulga­ris.
• BRAMBLE, Blackberry.
• ROSE. Rosa. Rosa canina.
• GOOSBERRY. Groscularia. Oxyacantha.
• WHITE THORN, Haw-thorn.
• SLOE-TREE, Black-thorn. Prunus sylve­stris. Berberis.
• PURGING THORN. Rhamnus Catharticus.
• CHRISTS THORN. Paliurus. Lycium.
• BUCKS THORN. Rhamnus,

[Page 108] II. BACCIFEROUS Shrubs of DECIDUOUS leaves, NOT SPI­NOUS, II. BACCI­FEROUS DECIDU­OUS NOT SPINOUS. may be distributed into such whose berries are; either

• Vitis. Ribes. VINE, Grape, Raisin.
• Vitis Idaea vulgaris. BILBERRY, Whortle-berry.
• Viburnum. Aria. WAYFARING TREE.
• WHITE BEAM TREE, Cumberland Hawthorn.
• Cornus foemi­na. DOGBERRY TREE.
• BIRDS CHERRY.
• Padus Theo­phrasti. Mahalab. WILD ROCK CHERRY OF AUSTRIA.
• Chamaemespi­lus. Diospyros. DWARF MEDLER.
• SWEET WHORT.
• Alnus nigra baccifera. BERRY BEARING ALDER.
• Periclymenum Periclymenum rectum. WOODBINE, Honysuckle.
• UPRIGHT WOODBINE.
• Piper. PEPPER.
• Mezereon. Enonymus. SPINDLE TREE.
• Ligustrum. Cassia Po [...] ta­rum. PRIVET.
• SHRUB CASSIA.
• Sambucus Rosea. Sambucus a­quatica, GELDER ROSE.
• WATER ELDER.
• Polemonium. YELLOW JESSAMINE.
• [...] agus. SEA-GRAPE.

[Page 109] III. BACCIFEROUS SEMPERVIRENT SHRUBS, III. BACCI­FEROUS SEMPERVI­RENT SHRUBS. may be distribu­ted into such whose leaves are; either

• TRUE BALSOM, Balm. Balsamum Iudaicum. Poterium.
• THORNY BURNET.
• DWARF PALM.
• PHYLLYRAEA, Mock-privet. Philyrraea. Alaternus.
• EVERGREEN PRIVET.
• STRAWBERRY TREE.
• EVERGREEN THORN.
• SPURGE LAUREL.
• SPURGE OLIVE.
• WIDOW WAIL.
• LAUREL OF ALEXANDRIA. Laurus Alex­andrina. Hypoglossum.
• HORSE-TONGUE.
• BUTCHERS BROOM. Ruscus.
• MYRTLE SYMACH.

[Page 110] IV. SILI­QUOUS SHRUBS. IV. SILIQUOUS SHRUBS, may be distinguished into such as are

• Syringa caeru­lio [...] lore. LILACH, Pipe-tree.
• Capparis. Aspalathus. CAPAR.
• THORNY BROOM.
• BEAN TREFOIL.
• Laburnum. Cytisus. SHRUB TREFOIL.
• Sena. Colutaea. SENA.
• BASTARD SENA.
• Glycyrrhiza. LICCORICE.
• Acacia. Acacia Ameri­cana. BINDING BEAN TREE.
• LOCUST TREE.
• Planta humi­lis. HUMBLE PLANT
• Genista. Genista spi­nosa. FURRS.
• GOATS THORN.
• Tragacantha. Dorycnium. DORYCNIUM.

[Page 111] V. GRANIFEROUS DECIDUOUS SHRUBS, V. GRANI­FEROUS DECIDU­OUS SHRUBS. may be distinguish­ed into such as are

• CHAST TREE. Agnus castus. Spirae [...] Theo­phrasti.
• SPIKED WILLOW OF THEOPHRASTUS.
• TAMARISK. Tamariscus.
• WHITE PIPE TREE. Iasminum. Syringa alba.
• SHRUB MALLOW. Althan.
• GALLS. Elaeaguus cordi. Coccigrea.
• RED SUMACH.
• TREE SPURGE.
• CLEMATIS, Virgins-bower.
• TRAVELLERS JOY. Clematis. Vi [...] rna valgi.
• VIRGINIAN CLIMBERS, Virginian Ivy. Hedera quin­quefol. Cana­d [...] sis.

[Page 112] VI. GRANIFEROUS EVERGREEN SHRUBS, may be distinguish­ed into such as are

• Ci [...] us. Nerium. HOLY ROSE.
• OLEANDER, Rose-bay.
• Sana munda. Tarton rair. SANA MUNDA.
• GUTTWORT, Trouble-belly.
• Alypum mon­speliensium. HERB TERRIBLE.
• Rosmarinus. Salvia fruti­c [...] sa. ROSEMARY.
• SAGE MULLEIN.
• Seseli Aethio­picum. Ledum Alpi­num. HARTWORT.
• SWEET MOUNTAIN ROSE.
• SEA PURSLAIN.
• Halimus. Iovis barba. SILVER BUSH.
• Rose Hieri­cuntina. ROSE OF JERICO.

Trees may be distinguished according to their

• POMIFEROUS. I.
• PRUNIFEROUS. II.
• BACCIFEROUS. III.
• NUCIFEROUS. IV.
• GLANDIFEROUS, or CONIFEROUS. V.
• SINGLE TEGUMENTS, or Coverings. VI.
• WOODS OR BARKS. VII.
• GUMMS OR ROSINS. VIII.

[Page 113] I. POMIFEROUS TREES, I. POMI­FEROUS TREES. may be distinguished into such as are

• MEDLAR. Mespilus. Mespilus Aro­nia.
• TRUE SERVICE. Sorbus. Sorbus tormi­nalis.
• COMMON SERVICE.
• FIGG. Ficus.
• POMEGRANATE. Malus Puni­ca
• ADAMS APPLE.
• PLANTAIN TREE.
• INDIAN FIGG.

[Page 114] II. PRUNI­FEROUS TREES. II. PRUNIFEROUS TREES, may be distinguished into such as are

• Malus Pers [...] ca. Nucipersica. PEACH. Malacotoon.
• Malus Arme­niaca. Prunus. APRICOCK.
• Cerasus. Cornus. CHERRY.
• Olea. Palma. OLIVE.
• Myrobalanus. Sebesten. MIROBALANE.
• Zizyphus alba. Zizyphus sati­va. WHITE JUJUBS
• COMMON JUJUBS.

[Page 115] III. BACCIFEROUS TREES, III. BACCI­FEROUS TREES. may be distinguished into such as are either.

• MULBERRY. Morus.
• SUMACH. Sambucus. Rhus Sumach.
• QUICKEN TREE.
• TURPENTINE TREE.
• NETTLE TREE. Lotus.
• BAY. Laurus. Laurus cera­sus.
• YEW. Taxus. Agrifolium.
• BOX. Buxus.
• MASTIC TREE. Lentiscus. Draco arbor.
• DRAGON TREE.
• LOVE TREE. Caryophyllus aromaticus. Azedarach.
• INDIAN MOLLE. Sassafras. Molle arbor.

[Page 116] IV. NUCI­FEROUS TREES. IV. NUCIFEROUS TREES, may be distinguished into such as are

• Iuglans. Amygdalus. WALNUT.
• Pistacea. PISTACIE, Fistic-nut.
• Avellana. Corilus sylve­stris. FILBERT.
• Castanea. Fagus. CHESNUT.
• Staphylo-den­dron. BLADDER NUT.
• Nux moscha­ta. NUTMEG.
• Cacao. Buna arbor. COFFI.
• Gossipium. Anacardium. COTTON TREE.
• ANACARDIUM.

[Page 117] V. GLANDIFEROUS, and CONIFEROUS TREES, V. GLAN­DIFEROUS and CONI­FEROUS TREES. may be di­stinguished into such as are

• BITTER OAK. Quercus. Cerrus.
• CORK TREE. Ilex. Suber.
• LARICH TREE. Alnus. Larix.
• PINE. Cedrus. Pinus.
• MALE FIRR TREE, Pitch-tree.
• FEMALE FIRR TREE. Abies mas. Abies foemina.
• CYPRESS. Cupressus. Arbor vitae.
• TREE OF LIFE.

[Page 118] VI. TREES whose Seeds are in SIN­GLE-TEGU­MENTS. VI. TREES bearing their Seeds in SINGLE TEGUMENTS or Co­verings, may be distinguished into such whose seeds are conteined in

• Siliqua arbor. CAROB, St Iohn's bread.
• Cassia. Tamarindus. CASSIA.
• Arbor Iuda. JUDAS TREE.
• Vlmus. Carpinus. ELM.
• Fraxinus. ASH.
• Acer minus. Acer majus. MAPLE.
• Betula. Populus tre­mula. ASPIN.
• BLACK POPLAR.
• Populus nigra. Populus alba. WHITE POPLAR.
• Salix angusti­sol. Salix latifol. WILLOW.
• T [...] lia. Platanus. PLANE TREE.

[Page 119] VII. TREES considered according to their WOODS or BARKS, VII. TREES considered according to their WOODS or BARKS. may be distinguished into such as are principally known and taken no­tice of for their

• GUAIACUM, Pockwood. Lignum vitae. Lignum colu­brinum.
• RED SAUNDERS. Santalum ru­brum. Santalum ci­trinum.
• YELLOW SAUNDERS.
• LIGNUM NEPHRITICUM. Lignum [...] e­phriticum. Lignum Rh [...] ­dium.
• BRASIL WOOD. Brasilium lig­num.
• PRINCES WOOD. Ebenum.
• CABBIDGE TREE, Palmetto Royal.
• CORTEX FEBRIFUGUS PERUVIANUS, Iesuits powder. Cortex febri­fugus. Cortex Win­teranus.
• CORTEX WINTERANUS.

[Page 120] VIII. TREES considered according to their GUMS or ROSINS. VIII. TREES considered according to their GUMMS or ROSINS, may be distinguished; either according to their

• Myrrha. MYRRHE.
• Gummi Ara­bicum Sarcocolla. GUMM ARABICK.
• FRANKINCENSE, Olibanum.
• Thus. Gummi Ele­mi. GUM ELEMI.
• Gummi Ani­ma. Copal. GUMMI ANIMAE.
• Caranna. Benzoin. BENJAMIN.
• Camphora. CAMPHIRE.
• Bdellium. Taca mahaca. BDELLIUM.
• TACA MAHACA.
• Lacca. LAKE.
• LIQUIDAMBRA.
• Liquidambra. Balsamum Peruvianum. BALSAMUM PERUVIANUM.

CHAP. V. I. Concerning Animals, the general distribution of them. II. Of exan­guious Animals. III. Of Fish. IV. Of Birds. V. Of Beasts. VI. A Digression concerning Noah 's Ark.

SEnsitive creatures may be distinguished into such as are counted more

• Imperfect ; which have something analogous to blood, §. I. but are destitute of that red juice commonly so called, being therefore stiled EX­ANGUIOUS, having either no leggs, or more legs then four,
• FISHES, which have no legs, but fins answerable to them, being co­vered with a naked skin, or with scales, whose proper motion is swimming.
• BIRDS, which have two leggs and two wings, whose bodies are co­vered with feathers, being oviparous, whose proper motion is fly­ing.
• BEASTS, which are for the most part, four-footed, hairy, and vivipa­rous, excepting only some few which are without feet or hair, and are oviparous.

It may be observed to be amongst these (as it is amongst the other ranks of Beings, ) that the more perfect kinds are the least numerous. Upon which account, Insects being the most minute and imperfect, and some of them (perhaps) of a spontaneous generation, are of the great­est variety, tho by reason of their littleness, the several Species of them, have not hitherto been sufficiently enumerated or described, by those Authors who have particularly applyed themselves to this study.

There are sundry of these, as likewise of other Animals, which have no Latin names, as being unknown to the Romans, & there are sundry which have no English names, as being strangers to us. And amongst those that have English names, some are here described by their usual Appellations in Latin, because I knew not at present how to render them properly in Eng­lish : And some there are peculiar to some coasts and rivers, and not commonly known elsewhere, which are hard to be enumerated.

As for fictitious Animals, as Syren, or Mermaid, Phoenix, Griffin, Harpy, Ruck, Centaur, Satyr, &c. there is no provision made for them in these tables, because they may be infinite; and besides, being but bare names, and no more, they may be expressed as Individuals are.

THose kinds of more imperfect Animals, which are destitute of that red juice, §. II. commonly called blood, are stiled Exanguious ; to which may be annexed that general name given to the least kinds of these, viz. Insect, from that incisure or resemblance of cutting what is common to most of them in some part of their bodies.

These EXANGUIOUS ANIMALS may be distinguished into

• NO FEET OR BUT SIX feet, being WITHOUT WINGS. I.
• SIX FEET and WINGS, or MORE feet THEN SIX. II.
• ARE DESIGNED TO A FURTHER TRASMUTATION. III.
• NAKED WINGS. IV.
• SHEATHED WINGS. V.
• CRUSTACEOUS; namely such as are wholly covered with a tough flexile substance, having generally eight legs, besides a pair of claws, and two or more annulated horns or feelers. VI.
• TURBINATED; consisting of a cone-like cavity, rouled up in a spiral, which beginning at the Aperture or mouth of them, doth generally proceed from the left hand to the right. VII
• NOT TURBINATED. VIII.

[Page 123] I. INSECTS of an Analogous generation, having no feet, I. INSECTS▪ having no feet, or but six, being without wings. or but six feet, being without wings, may be distributed into those that are

• EARTH WORM. Vermis. Lumbricus Intestinorum.
• BELLY WORM.
• LEECH. Hirudo. Limax.
• GLOW-WORM. Cicindela. Farinaria.
• MEAL-WORM, Gentle.
• PROSCARAB. Proscarabeus.
• FIELD CRICKET. Brucus. Blatta non alata.
• COCK ROCHES.
• LOUSE. Pediculus. Pulex.
• WATER SCORPION. Scorpio aqua­ticus.

[Page 124] II. INSECTS winged, or having above six legs. II. INSECTS of an Analogous generation, having either wings or more legs then six, may be distributed into such as are

• Locusta. Mantis. LOCUST, Grashopper.
• Gryllus. Gryllo-talpa. CRICKET.
• FEN-CRICKET, Evechurr, Churr-worm.
• Cimex. Blatta alata. CIMEX SILVESTRIS.
• WINGED COCKROCH.
• Tipula. Cicada aqua­tica. WATER SPIDER.
• CICADA AQUATICA.
• Aranea. Scorpius. SPIDER.
• TICK, Sheep-tick.
• Ricinus. Cimex. PUNICE, Wall-louse.
• Syro. Acaris MITE.
• WHEAL WORM.
• Tinea. MOTH.
• As [...] llus. SOW, Ch [...] eselip, Hog-louse, Wood-louse.
• SCOLOPENDER.
• SEA FLEA, Sugg, River Shrimp.

III. INSECTS of an ANOMALOUS generation, designed for a fur­ther transmutation, III. ANO­MALOUS INSECTS. may be distinguished into such as are

• MAGGOT. Eula.
• BEE MAGGOT, Grub.
• SHINING FLY MAGGOT.
• WASP-LIKE FLY MAGGOT.
• LIBELLA WORM.
• CADEW, Straw-worm. Phryganeum.
• STRAIT BEETLE PRODUCING HEXAPOD.
• WHIRL WORM. Spondyle.
• CATERPILLAR.
• SILK WORM. Eruca. Bombix.
• SKIPPING WORM.
• SMOOTH CATERPILLAR.
• PALMER WORM, Bear worm.

[Page 126] IV. NAKED WINGED INSECTS. IV. NAKED WINGED INSECTS, which in their production do under­go several notations, may be distributed into such, whose wings are either

• Apis. Bombilius. BEE, Drone, Hive, Comb.
• HUMBLE-BEE.
• Vespa. Crabro. WASP.
• BEE-LIKE FLY.
• WASP-LIKE FLY.
• Musca car­nari [...] . Musca slerco­raria. FLESH FLY.
• Formica. Culex. ANT, Emmet, Pismire.
• Cicada. Musca papilio­nacea. CICADA.
• PAPILIONACEOUS FLY.
• Libella. Se [...] icauda. DRAGON FLY, Bolts-head.
• CRANE FLY. Shepheards fly.
• Papil [...] o. Phalaena. MOTH.
• Praedatrix. HAWK BUTTERFLY.

[Page 127] V. SHEATHED WINGED INSECTS, V. SHEATH­ED WING­ED IN­SECTS. commonly called Beetles or Scarabs, may be distributed into such, whose coverings are more

• RHINOCEROTE. Rhinoceros. Scarabaeus nasi-cornis.
• STAG BEETLE.
• BULL FLY BEETLE.
• GOAT-CHAFER. Capricornus. Scarabaeus Antennis no­do [...] s.
• KNOBBED HORN'D BEETLE.
• COMMON BEETLE.
• DUNG BEETLE.
• DORR, Grey Beetle.
• GREEN CHAFER.
• DEATH WATCH. Scarabaeus dome [...] icus. Scarabaeus punctatus.
• STAPHILINUS. Staphilinus. Forficula.
• GREAT WATER SCARAB.
• LE [...] S WATER SCARAB
• GLOW WORM FLY.

[Page 128] VI. The greater sort of EXANGUIOUS ANIMALS being CRU­STACEOUS, VI. CRU­STACEOUS EXANGUI­OUS ANIMALS. may be distributed into such whose figure is more

• Astacus. Lo [...] nsta mari­na. LOBSTER.
• LONG OISTER.
• Vrsus mari­nus. SEA BEAR.
• As [...] acus fluvi­at [...] lis. CRAYFISH, Crevice.
• Squilla. Squilla Man­tis. SHRIMP, Prawn.
• SQUILLA MANTIS.
• Cancellus. HERMIT FISH, Souldier Fish.
• Cancer vulga­ris. Cancer Hera­cleoticus. COMMON CRABB.
• Cancer majus. Cancer molu­censis. CANCER MAJUS.
• MOLUCCA CRAB.
• Cancer minor. LITTLE CRABB.
• Aranea ma­rina. Aranea cru­stacea. SEA SPIDER.
• CRUSTACEOUS SPIDER.

[Page 129] VII. TESTACEOUS TURBINATED exanguious ANIMALS, VII. TESTA­CEOUS TURBINA­TED ANI­MALS. may be distributed into such as are

• WATER-SNAIL.
• CYLINDROIDES.
• SEA SNAIL. Cochlea.
• PERIWINKLE, Welke.
• VENUS SHELL. Concha Vene­ris. Concha Per­sica.
• PERSIAN SHELL.
• SEA EAR. Auris marina.

[Page 130] VIII. TE­STACEOUS ANIMALS NOT TUR­BINATED. VIII. EXANGUIOUS TESTACEOUS ANIMALS NOT TURBI­NATED, may be distributed into such as are

• Patella. Balanus. CENTER FISH.
• Echinus. Echinus spa­tagus. BUTTON-FISH.
• MERMAIDS HEAD.
• Concha mar­garitifera. Galades. MOTHER OF PEARL.
• Ostrea. Spondylus. SPONDYL.
• Pecten. Pectuncalus. SCOLLOP.
• Chama. Tellina. TELLINA.
• Pinna. Musculus. PINNA.
• Pholas. Solen. SHEATH-FISH, Razor-fish
• Bernicla. BARNICLE.

[Page 131] IX. SOFT EXANGUIOUS ANIMALS, may be distributed into such as are

• POUR CONTREL, Preke, Polypus. Polypus. Bolitaena.
• SWEET POLYPUS.
• CUTTLE FISH.
• LESSER CUTTLE. Sepia. Sepiola Ron­deletii.
• REDDISH SLEVE. Loligo. Loligo rubra.
• HOLOTHURIUS. Lepus. Holothurius.
• BLUBBER. Pulmo mari­nus.
• TETHYA. Tethya. Vrtica ma­rina.
• SEA NETTLE.

§. III. FISH may be distributed into such as are

• OBLONG and roundish. I.
• FLAT or thick. II.
• Wholly soft and flexile. III.
• TWO FINNS on the back. IV.
• But ONE FINN. V.
• OBLONG. VI.
• CRUSTACEOUS COVERING. VIII.
• Fresh water ; being scaly. IX.

I. VIVIPA­ROUS OB­LONG FISH. I. VIVIPAROUS OBLONG FISH, may be distributed into such as are

• Balana. Dolphinus. WHALE.
• PORPOIS, Dolphin.
• Pristis. Xiphias. SWORD-FISH.
• Canis carcha­rias. Glaucus. SHARKE.
• Mustelus levis. Asterias. HOUND-FISH.
• SPOTTED HOUND-FISH.
• Galeus spinax. Centrina. THORNBACK DOG.
• GREATER DOG-FISH. Catulus ma­jor. Catulus mi­nor.
• LESSER DOG-FISH.
• FOX. Zygaena. Vulpecula.
• STURGEON. Acipenser. Huso.

II. VIVIPAROUS CARTILAGINEOUS FISH, II. VIVIPA­ROUS FISH NOT LONG AND ROUND. whose bodies are not long and round, may be distributed into such as are

• PASTINACA. Pastinaca. Aquila.
• FLARE. Raia Lavis. Raia clavata.
• RAIA OXYZYNCHOS, Maid.
• SQUATINO-RAIA.
• TOAD-FISH, Sea-divel. Torpedo. Rana pisca­trix.
• SCATE, Angel-fish. Squatina.
• MOLE. Mola. Lumpus.

[Page 134] III. OVIPA­ROUS FISH of FLEXILE FINNS. III. OVIPAROUS FISH, whose back FINNS are wholly soft and flexile, may be distinguished into such as have

• Molva. Asellus n [...] ger. COD FISH, Keeling.
• Asinus ami­quorum. Asellus mollis. HADDOCK.
• Asellus longus. Merlucius. LING.
• HAAK, Poor Iohn.
• Thynnus. Pelamis. PELAMIS.
• Milvus. Hirundo Pli­nii. KITE-FISH.
• SWALLOW-FISH.
• Gobius mari­nus. SEA GUDGEON.
• PAGANELLUS.
• DRACUNCULUS.
• APHUA GOBITES.
• HERRING, Sprat. Harengus ma­jor. Harengus mi­nor.
• SHAD. Clupea.
• CHALCIS Sarda. Encrasicholus.
• NEEDLE FISH.
• TOBACCO-PIPE-FISH. Acus. Petimbuaba.
• SCORPIOIDES.
• STROMATEUS, Callicthys.
• LUPUS MARINUS SCHONFELDII.

[Page 136] IV. OVIPA­ROUS FISH having one finn SPI­NOUS, and the other FLEXILE. IV. OVIPAROUS FISH having two finns on the back, whereof the former is spinous and stiffe, and the other soft and flexile, may be di­stinguished into the

• AMIA, Leccia Salviani.
• G [...] AUCUS.
• Mugil. ENGLISH MULLET.
• Cuculus. Hirundo. RED GOURNET, Rochet.
• GREY GOURNET.
• Lyra prior Rondeletii. [...] -FISH, Piper.
• LYRA ALTERA RONDELETII.
• TRUE MULLET.
• Mullus major. Mullus minor. LESSER MULLET.
• WEAVER, Dragon-fish. Draco.
• TRUMPET-FISH. Scolopax. Monoceros Clusii.
• MONOCEROS CLUSII.
• URANOSCOPUS.
• DOREE, St. Peters fish. Ea [...] r.

[Page 138] V. OVIPA­ROUS FISH of ONE FINN, part­ly STIFF, and partly SOFT. V. OVIPAROUS FISH having one finn on the back, the rays of which are partly stiffe and spinous, and partly soft and flexile, may be di­stinguished into such whose figure is more

• Aurata. Sparus. GILT-HEAD, Sea-bream.
• Scorpius ma­jor. Scorpius mi­nor. GREATER SCORPION-FISH.
• LESSER SCORPION-FISH.
• SEA-THRUSH. Turdus.
• SEA PERCH. Perca marina.

[Page 140] VI. OVIPAROUS FISH OF AN OBLONG FIGURE, being generally without scales, VI. EEL-FIGURED FISH. having slimy skins, apt to bend and twist with their bodies more then other Fish, may be distributed into such as are

• Congrus. CONGER.
• Serpens mari­nus. SEA SERPENT.
• OPHIDION PLINII.
• TAENIA MAJOR.
• TAENIA MINOR.
• TINCA MARINA.
• Lampetra major. Lampetra mi­nor. LAMPREY.
• Silurus. Mustela. SHEAT FISH, River whale.
• EEL. Anguilla.
• SPADA MARINA.
• REMORA IMPERATI.

VII. PLAIN or flat FISH, being oviparous and bonny, VII. OVI­PAROUS PLAIN FISH. both whose eyes are on the same side of the flat, and the mouth transverse, swimming broadwise, are either

• COMMON SOLE. Solea. Solea oculata.
• SPOTTED SOLE.
• POLE. Cynoglossus.
• TURBUT. Rhombus.
• PLAIS. Passer. Passer niger.
• FLOUNDER, Fluke.

[Page 142] VIII. FISHES OF A HARD CRUSTACEOUS SKIN, may be di­stributed into such as are for the figure of them, VIII. FISHES OF A HARD CRUSTA­CEOUS SKIN. either

• ORBIS SCUTATUS, Globe-fish.
• ORBIS HIRSUTUS.
• ORBIS MURICATUS.
• ORBIS ECHINATUS.
• Piscis triangu­laris. Piscis triangu­laris coruntus. TRIANGULAR FISH.
• TRIANGULAR FISH HORNED.
• ACUS ARISTOTELIS.
• HIPPOCAMPUS.
• Stella piscis· STARR-FISH.

IX. SQA­MOUS RI­VER FISH. IX. SQUAMOUS RIVER FISH, may be distributed into such as are either

• PIKE, Iack, Pickerel.
• Salmo. Violacea. SALMON.
• Trutt [...] . Carpio. CHARR.
• Thymallus, Oxyrynchos. GRAYLING.
• LAVARETTUS.
• CARPE. Cyprinus. Tinca.
• BARBLE. Barbus. Capito.
• CHUB, Chevin.
• BREAM. Abramis. Rubellio.
• DARE, Dace.
• BLEAK, Blea.
• GUDGEON. Gobio. Gobites bar­batus,
• LOACH, Groundling.
• BULL-HEAD, Millers-Thumb, Gull. Gobio Capita­tus.
• MINNOW. Phoximus. Pungitius.
• BANSTICLE, Stickleback.

BIRDS may be distinguished by their usual place of living, their food, bigness, § IV. shape, use and other qualities, into

• CARNIVOROUS; feeding chiefly on Flesh. I.
• Of short round wings ; less fit for flight. II.
• LONG AND SLENDER; comprehending the Pidgeon and Thrush-kind. III.
• SHORT AND THICK; comprehending the Bunting and Spar­row-kind. IV.
• GREATER KIND. V.
• LEAST KIND. VI.
• About and NEAR WATERY PLACES. VII.
• FISSIPEDES; having the toes of their feet divided. VIII.
• PALMIPEDES; having the toes of their feet united by a mem­brane. IX.

I. CARNI­VOROUS BIRDS. I. CARNIVOROUS BIRDS, may be distinguished into such as are either

• Aquila. Vultur. VULTUR.
• Accipiter. Milvus. HAWK.
• KITE, Buzzard, Glede,
• CUCKOO. Cuculus. Lanius.
• BUTCHER BIRD.
• OWL HORNED. Bubo cornu­tus. Bubo non cor­nutus.
• OWL NOT HORNED.
• RAVEN. Corvus. Cornia.
• CHOUGH. Monedula. Coracius.
• PARRET. Psittacus. Psittacus mi­nor.
• JAY. Pica candata. Pica glanda­ria.
• WOODPECKER OF LONG TONGUES.
• WOODPECKER OF SHORTER TONGUES. Picus martius.

[Page 146] That kind of Eagle, which is

• Of a dark yellow colour, having legs feathered down to the foot called. Chrysaetos.
• Black all over, excepting a white spot between the shoulders on the back. called. Melanaetus.
• With a ring of white on his tail. called. Pygargus.
• Osprey. Feeding on Fish. called. Ossifragus.

That kind of Vulture noted for

• Percnopteros. Having his head and part of neck bare of feathers called Bald Vulture.
• Vultur Boeti­cus. Ald. Being of a Chesnut colour, and feathered down to the toes. called Chesnut colou­red Vulture.
• Vultur aureus. Being of a yellowish colour, very great, having some of the feathers of the wing, three foot long. called Golden Vulture.

Hawks are usually distinguished into such are

• Accipiter Pa­lumbarius. Accipiter frin­gillar [...] us. Tinnunculus. The biggest of this kind called Fem. Goshawk, Male Tarcell.
• Transverse streaks of yellow.
• Oblong streaks.
• Iersalco. A whitish colour, but spotted on the back with black spots. called F. Gerfalcon, M. Ierkin.
• Falco monta­nus. Having a fastigiated or rising head, being of an ash colour. called Mountain Falcon.
• Falco. A thick head and flat, a short neck, and striking with the breast. called F. Falcon, M. Tarcel.
• Lanarius. Having a blewish bill and legs. called F. Lanner, M. Lanneret.
• Subbuteo. Having a white spot behind his eyes on each side. called Hobby.
• Aesalon. Being the least of all Hawks. called F. Merlin, M. Iack-Merlin.

Kites may be distinguished into such as are noted for

• Nilvus. Having a very forked Train. called Common Kite.
• Anataria. Feeding on Fish. called Bald Buzzard.
• Pygargus mi­nor. Being of a white or ash colour, with a white streak on the Train. called Ring-tail.

Lanius or Butcher bird, is of three several kinds, noted either for being

• Of a reddish colour on the back, the most common somewhat bigger then a Spar­row. called Lanius vulgaris.
• Particoloured, of the same bigness with the former. called
• Ash-coloured, about the bigness of a Black-bird. called Lanius cinereus major.

Owls horned are of three kinds, namely such as are noted for being

• Of the bigness of an Eagle, feathered down to the toes. called Bubo.
• Of the bigness of a tame Dove. called Otus, Asio.
• Of the bigness of a Missle bird, with a single feather on each side for a horn. called Scops.

[Page 147] Owls not horned, are of five kinds, namely such as are noted for

• Having a border of feathers about the face, the legs feathered and toes hairy, about the bigness of a Pidgeon. called Our common white
• Having a ring of white feathers about each eye, a white bill, hairy legs and feet. Vlula Aldro­vandi. called Owl, living in Barns. Aluco.
• Being of a darker colour, living in Ivy-bushes. called Our common field Owl. Strix Aldro­vandi. Caprimulgus.
• Being like a Cuckoo, having a short small bill, but a wide mouth. called Goat-sucker.
• Being the least of all, not bigger then a Black-bird. called Noctua.

Crows are usually distinguished into three kinds, namely that which is

• Carnivorous. called Crow.
• Frugivorous, of a black colour; gregarious, building their nests together. called Rook. Cornix frugif▪
• Frugivorous, party coloured; black and cinereous. called Roiston Crow. Cornix Ciner:

To the Py-kind, those other birds may be reduced which are noted for having

• The wings and head of a bright azure. called Roller Argentoratensis.
• A dark colour spotted with white. called Caryocatastes.
• A tuft of feathers on his head. called Garrulus Bohemicus.
• A bill bigger then his whole body. called Toucan.
• A large bill, with a kind of horn reversed upon the bill. called Rhinoceros.
• Two long strings like the small naked stemm of a feather reaching from the back beyond the train, and strong legs and claws. called Bird of Paradise. Manucodiata.

These three last exotic Birds are not perhaps so proper to this tribe, but I know not at present how to reduce them better.

To the first sort of the Woodpecker-kind, those Birds may be reduced which are noted for

• Greenish colour, and a black spot on the head of the male. called Woodspite. Picus Marti­us viridis.
• Black colour, excepting a red spot upon the head of the Cock. called Hickwall. Picus maxi­mus niger.
• Being of a lesser magnitude, about the bigness of a Black-bird, variegated with black and white, with a red spot on the head of the Cock. called Witwall, Hiho. Picus varius.
• Holding the head on one side, somewhat bigger then a Sparrow, of a brownish colour. called Wry-neck. Iynx, Torquil­la.

To the second sort of the Woodpecker-kind, those other Birds may be re­duced, which are noted for

• An Ash colour, being about the bigness of a Sparrow. called Nuthatch. Sitta.
• A long slender bill, being about the bigness of a Sparrow. called Wall-creeper. Picus murari­us.
• A long slender bill, being a little bigger then a Wren. called Ox-eye-creeper▪ Certhia.
• Being about the same colour and bigness as a Lark, and noted for climbing upon Reeds. called Reed-Sparrow. Iunco.
• A greenish colour, and less. called Lesser Reed-Sparrow. Canus varola.

[Page 148] II. PHYTI­VOROUS BIRDS OF SHORT WINGS. II. PHYTIVOROUS BIRDS OF SHORT WINGS, less fit for flight; may be distinguished into such as are

• The most common ; having the train compressed upwards. COCK, Gallus. Hen, Capon, Chicken, Pullet, Poultry.
• Pavo. Gallo-pavo. PEACOCK.
• Phasianus. ATTAGEN
• Otis. BUSTARD.
• ANAS CAMPESTRIS BELLONII.
• Vrogallus. Tetrao. COCK OF THE WOOD.
• HEATH COCK, Grous, Pout.
• Perdix. Perdix rutta. PARTRIDGE.
• RED PARTRIDGE.
• Galli [...] a Coryl­lorum. HAZLE HEN.
• Coturnix. Rallus. RAILE.
• Struthio-ca­melus. [...] meu. ESTRICH.
• CASSAWARE, Emew.

[Page 149] III. PHYTIVOROUS BIRDS OF LONG WINGS, III. PHY­TIVOROUS BIRDS OF LONG WINGS. and swifter flight, having their bills more long and slender, may be distinguished into the

• PIDGEON, Dove. Columba. Palambus tor­quatus.
• RING-DOVE, Queest.
• STOCK-DOVE.
• TURTLE. Oenas, Vinago. Turtur.
• MISSLE-BIRD, Shreight.
• THRUSH, Throstle, Mavis, Song-Thrush. Turdus visci­vorus. Turdus.
• STARE, Starling.
• MERULA SAXATILIS, Ruticilla major. Stur [...] s,
• FELDEFARE. Turdus pila­ris. Turdus ilia­cus.
• REDWING, Swinepipe.
• PASSER SOLITARIUS. Merula.
• MERULA TORQUATA.
• MERULA MONTANA.
• KING-FISHER, Alcyon.

[Page 150] IV. PHYTI­VOROUS BIRDS OF SHORT THICK BILLS. IV. PHYTIVOROUS BIRDS OF SHORT, THICK, strong BILLS, being generally Granivorous, may be distinguished into such as do belong either to the

• Emberiza alba Gesneri Alanda con­gener. BUNTING.
• Cenchryamus Belloni [...] . Citrinella Hortulanus. YELLOW-HAMMER.
• Passer. Passer mon­tanus. SPARROW.
• MOUNTAIN SPARROW.
• COCOTHRAUSTES.
• COCOTHRAUSTES CRISTATUS INDICUS.
• R [...] bicilla. Loxia. BULL-FINCH, Alpe, Nope.
• SHELL-APPLE, Cross-bill.
• Chloris. Passer Cana­rius. GREENFINCH.
• CANARY BIRD.
• Fringilla, Monte-frin­gilla. CHAFFINCH.
• BRAMBLE, Brambling.
• Linaria. Linaria rubra. LINNET.
• RED LINNET.

[Page 151] V. INSECTIVOROUS the GREATER, V. INSECTI­VOROUS, GREATER. may be distinguished in­to such as are of

• SWALLOW. Hirundo. Hirundo apes.
• SWIFT, Martlet, Church-Martin.
• MARTIN. Martes. Hirundo ripa­ria.
• SAND-MARTIN, Shore-bird.
• NIGHTINGALE. Luscinia.
• LARK. Alauda. Alauda pra­tenys.
• ROBIN REDBREAST, Ruddock. Rubecula. Ruticilla.
• BECCAFIGO. Ficedula. Oena [...] ths.
• WAGTAIL. Motacilla. Motacilla fla­va.
• YELLOW WAGTAIL.
• STONE SMICH. Muscicapa tertia Aldre­vandi. Curruca.
• HEDGE SPARROW.

[Page 152] VI. LEAST INSECTI­VOROUS BIRDS. VI. The LEAST kind of INSECTIVOROUS BIRDS, may be di­stributed into such as are

• CITRINELLA.
• Passer Troglo­d [...] . WREN.
• REGULUS CRISTATUS.
• REGULUS NON CRISTATUS.
• HUMMING BIRD.
• Tringillago. GREAT TITMOUSE.
• Parus C [...] ru­l [...] us. Parus ater. TITMOUSE.
• Parus cauda­tus. Parus Crista­tus. LONG TAILED TIT.
• CRESTED TIT.

[Page 153] VII. AQUATIC BIRDS living about and NEAR WET PLACES, VII. AQUA­TIC BIRDS living NEAR WET PLA­CES. having longer legs, and long slender bills for their more convenient going and fetching up their food in such places, may be distinguished into

• LAPWING, Puet.
• GREEN PLOVER. Pluvialis viri­dis. Pluvialis ci­nereus.
• GREY PLOVER.
• SEA LARK. Morin [...] llus. Charadrios.
• REDSHANK. Hamatopus. Avis pugnax.
• TRINGA MAJOR.
• TRINGA MINOR.
• SNIPE. Scolopax. Gallinago mi­nor.
• GODWIT. Haemantopus▪ Belloni [...] . Fedoa.
• GUARA BRASILEANA. Arquata.

[Page 154] VIII. AQUA­TIC FISSI­PEDES. VIII. AQUATIC BIRDS, living much in the water, being FISSI­PEDES, ‖ may be distinguished into such as are,

• Grus. CRANE.
• Ciconia. STORK.
• PHAENICOPTER.
• GRUS BALEARICA.
• Ardea. ARDEA CINEREA MINOR.
• Ardea alba major. Ardea alba minor. GREATER WHITE HEARN.
• LESSER WHITE HEARN.
• Ardea stellaris. Ardea Brasi­lica. BITTOUR.
• BRASILEAN BITTOUR.
• Platea. SHOVELAR, Spoon-bill.
• Colymbus ma­jor. Colymbus mi­nor. GREAT DIDAPPER, Dabehick.
• LITTLE DIDAPPER.
• Fulica. COOT.
• MOOR-HEN, Water-hen.
• Gallinula. GALLINULA SERICA,

[Page 155] IX. AQUATIC PALMIPEDE Birds, IX. AQU [...] ­TIC PAL­MIPEDES. whose toes are joyned together with a membrane, may be distinguished into such whose bills are either

• SWAN, Cygnet.
• GOOSE, Gander, Gosling. Cygnus. Anser.
• DRAKE, Duck
• TEALE. Penelope. Querquedula.
• SOLAN-GOOSE.
• PELLICAN. Onocrotalos▪
• CORMORANT. Corvus mari­nus. Graculus pal­mipes.
• PENGUIN. Anas arctica Clusii. Penguin.
• RAZOR-BILL.
• GUILLAM. Alca Wormii. Iomavia.
• DIVER. Mergus. Mergus [...] irra­tus.
• DUNN DIVER.
• GULL, Sea-mew. Larus. Hirundo ma­rina,
• SEA SWALLOW, S [...] ray.

[Page 156] Besides the common sort of Swans, there is a wild kind, called Hooper, having the wind-pipe going down to the bottom of the breast-bone, and then reversed upwards in the figure of the Letter S.

Besides the common Goose, there are several sorts of wild ones, whereof one is black from the breast to the middle of the belly, called Brant Goose, Bernicla, or Brenta.

To the Widgeon-kind may be reduced that other fowl, about the same bigness, the two middle feathers of whose train do extend to a great length, called Sea-Pheasant, Anas cauda acuta.

To the Teal-kind should be reduced that other fowl, of the like shape and bigness, but being white where the other is green, called Gargane.

To the Gull-kind, doth belong that other Bird, of a long slender bill bending upwards, called Avogetta recurvi-rostra.

BEASTS, may be distinguished by their several shapes, properties, uses, food, §. V. their tameness or wildness, &c. into such as are either

• WHOLE FOOTED, the soles of whose feet are undivided, being used chiefly for Carriage. I.
• CLOVEN FOOTED. II.
• NOT RAPACIOUS. III.
• CAT-KIND; having a roundish head. IV.
• DOG-KIND; whose heads are more oblong. V.
• OVIPAROUS; breeding Eggs. VI.

I. WHOLE FOOTED BEASTS, I. WHOLE FOOTED BEASTS. may be distinguished into such as are either of

• HORSE, Mare, Gelding, Nag, Palfrey, Steed, Courser, Gennet, Stallion, Equus. Colt, Fole, Filly, Neigh, Groom, Ostler.
• Asinus. Mulus. ASSE, Bray.
• Camelus. CAMEL, Dromedary.
• Eliphas. ELEPHANT, Ivory.

[Page 157] II. CLOVEN FOOTED BEASTS, II. CLOVEN FOOTED BEASTS. may be distributed into such as are

• KINE, Bull, Cow, Ox, Calf, Heifer, Bullock, Steer, Beef, Veal, Bos. Runt, bellow, low, Heard, Cowheard.
• SHEEP, Ram, Ewe, Lamb, Weather, Mutton, Bleat, Fold, Flock, Ovis. Caper. Shepheard.
• STAGG, Hart, Hind, Red Deer, Venison. Alcis. Cervus.
• BUCK, Doe, Fawn, Pricket, Sorel, Sore, Fallow Deer, Venison. Dama. Rangifer.
• REIN-DEER, Tarandu.
• ROE-BUCK, Roe. Capreolus.
• RHINOCEROT. Rhinoceros.
• CAMELOPARD, Giraffa. Camelopardus.
• HOG, Swine, Bore, Sow, Pig, Porket, Barrow, Shoot, Pork, Porcus. Ba­con, Brawn. Grunt.

Amongst those that belong to the Bovinum genus, there are several sorts described by Authors distinguished by their having either

• A Beard ; stiled Vrus.
• A Bunch on the back ; stiled Bisons.
• Horns reflected about the ears. stiled Bonasus.
• Broad, flat, rugged horns ; stiled Buffalus.

Besides the more common kinds of Sheep, there are others mentioned by Authors, and described to have

• Streight wreathed horns. called Ovis Stepsiceros.
• Great thick tails. called Broad tailed Sheep.

[Page 158] Amongst those that belong to the Goat-kind, besides the more vulgar sort, there are others whose horns are either

• Ibex. Angular and knobbed. called Stone Buck.
• Gimpse Rupi­capra. Gazel. Small and round ; being hooked at the end. called Shamois.
• Streight and wreathed. called Antilope.

III. CLAW­ED NOT RAPACI­OUS. III. CLAWED Beasts NOT RAPACIOUS, may be distinguished into such as are either

• BABOON, Drill.
• Papio. Simia. APE, Iackanapes.
• MONKEY, Marmosit.
• C [...] rcopithecus. Ignavus. SLOTH, Haut, Ay.
• Hare-kind ; having two long teeth in the lower jaw before, and two o­thers opposite to those (tho not quite so long) in the upper jaw, most of which are counted ruminant, because when they have by the help of their incisores filled their mouths with meat, they after chew it over again with their Molares or grinders, Levit. 11. but they are not properly rumi­nant, because they have but one stomack, out of which they do not fetch up their food being once swallowed.

These may be distinguished into the

• HARE, Leveret.
• CONNY, Rabbet.
• Cuniculus. Mus Alpinus. MARMOTTO.
• Histrix. Echinus. HEDGHOG.
• Sciurus, GINNY PIG.
• Sorex. Mus domes [...] i­cus. RAT.
• Talpa. MOLE.

[Page 159] Besides the common Rat there are others having

• Flat tails, their hinder feet being palmipedes. called Water-rat, Musk-rat.
• Short tails, and spotted skins. called Leming. Mus Norva­gicus.

Besides the more common sort of Mice there are others

• Of long snouts, counted venemous. called Field-mouse, Sheew-mouse. Mus Araneus.
• Of a sandy colour, a spreading tail, sleeping much. called Dormouse. Mus Avella­narum.
• Having wings, upon which there are four claws instead of feet, the only flying beast. called Batt, Flittermouse. Vespertilio.

IV. RAPACIOUS Beasts of the CAT-KIND, IV. RAPA­CIOUS CAT-KIND. may be distributed into such, whose bodies are in proportion to their legs, either

• LION- ess, Whelp, roar. Leo. Vrsus,
• BEARE, Cub.
• TYGER. Tigris. Pardus.
• PARD, Panther, Leopard.
• OUNCE, Lynx. Lynx.
• CAT, Kitling, Kitten, Mew.
• CIVET-CAT. Catus. Zibetta.
• POLECAT, Fitchew. Viverra. Putorius.
• MARTIN, Sable, Gennet. Martes.
• STOAT, Ermine.
• WEESLE. Mustela.
• CASTOR, Beaver.
• OTTER. Castor. Lutra.

[Page 160] As for that mongrel generation, which many Authors describe, as being begotten betwixt a Pard and a Lioness, being therefore called Leopard, as likewise that other Beast, commonly described by the name of Gulo or Ierf, and that other named Hyaena. There is reason to doubt, whether there be any such species of Animals, distinct from those here enumerated. Tho the belief of these (as of several other fictitious things) hath been propagated by Orators, upon account of their fitness to be made use of in the way of similitude.

V. RAPA­CIOUS DOG-KIND. V. RAPACIOUS Beasts of the DOG-Kind, may be distinguished into such as are either

• Canis. Lupus. DOG, Bitch, Puppy, Whelp▪ Bark, bay, yelp.
• WOLF, Howle.
• Vulpes. Taxus. FOX.
• BADGER, Grey, Brock.
• MORSE, Sea-horse.
• Phocas. SEAL, Sea-calf.
• Lupus aureus. JACKALL.
• Tamandua. Ta [...] u. ANT-BEARE.
• S [...] ivulpes. CARAGUYA.

Amongst the several species of Animals, there is not any of greater variety in respect of accidental differences, then that of Dogs, which be­ing the most familiar and domestick Beast, hath therefore several names assigned to it according to these differences, which are derived either from the Countries in which they are originally bred, and from which they are brought to other places, as England, Ireland, Iceland, Ginny, &c. or their bigness or littleness, or from their shape, colour, hairiness, &c. But they are chiefly distinguishable from those uses which men imploy them about, either in respect of

• [Page 161] Delight ; LAP-DOGS.
• Companying ; when they serve only to follow us up and down. CURRS.
• Custody of places or things; MASTIFS.
• Sight ; GASE-HOUNDS.
• Terrestrial ; LAND SPANIELS.
• Aquatic ; WATER SPANIELS.
• Greater kind; HOUNDS.
• Lesser kind; BEAGLES.
• Greater Beasts ; GREYHOUNDS.
• Lesser Beasts ; LURCHERS.
• Play ; TUMBLERS.

VI. OVIPAROUS BEASTS; VI. OVIPA­ROUS BEASTS. may be distinguished by their diffe­rent ways of progressive motion; whether

• TORTOISE, Land-tortoise. Testudo. Testudo mari­na.
• TURTLE, Sea-tortoise.
• FROG, Tadpole, croke. Rana. Bufo.
• TOAD, Tadpole.
• CROCODILE, Allegator, Cayman, Leviathan. Crocodilus.
• SENEMBI, Iguana.
• LIZARD. Lacerta. Chamal [...] .
• LAND SALAMANDER, Land Eft, Newt. Salamandra terrestris. Salamandra aquatica.
• WATER SALAMANDER, Eft, Newt.
• SERPENT, Hiss. Serp [...] n [...] .
• SNAKE, Hiss. Katrin t [...] ­quata. Vipera.
• VIPER, Adder, Aspe.
• SLOW WORM. Ca [...] illa.

[Page 162] That kind of Animal which is commonly called a Dragon, and descri­bed to be a kind of Serpent with wings and feet (if there ever were any such thing) might possibly be some monstrous production, but there is reason to believe that there is no such standing species in nature.

Besides the common kind of Frogs, there is another distinct sort, called the Green frog, feeding on leaves, having blunt broad toes.

Besides the more usual sorts of Lizards, there are others described, as having some distinct peculiarity in respect of

• Bigger magnitude, and greenness of colour. called The green Lizard.
• Blunt broad toes. called The Facetane Li­zard.
• Thicker body, having a tail annulated with scales. called Cordylus.
• Slender body and small feet, resembling a Slow worm. called Chalcidica, Lizard.
• Small head, and lesser scales. called Scinke.

§. VI. HAving now dispatched the enumeration and description of the se­veral species of Animals, I shall here take leave for a short digressi­on, wherein I would recommend this, as a thing worthy to be observed, namely, that great difference which there is betwixt those opinions and apprehensions which are occasioned by a more general and confused view of things, and those which proceed from a more distinct considera­tion of them as they are reduced into order.

He that looks upon the Starrs, as they are confusedly scattered up and down in the Firmament, will think them to be (as they are sometimes stiled) innumerable, of so vast a multitude, as not to be determined to any set number: but when all these Starrs are distinctly reduced into particular constellations, and described by their several places, magni­tudes and names, it appears, that of those that are visible to the naked eye, there are but few more then a thousand in the whole Firmament, and but a little more then half so many to be seen at once in any Hemi­sphere, taking in the minuter kinds of them, even to six degrees of mag­nitude. It is so likewise in other things: He that should put the Questi­on, how many sorts of beasts, or birds, &c. there are in the world, would be answered, even by such as are otherwise knowing and learned men, that there are so many hundreds of them, as could not be enumerated; whereas upon a distinct inquiry into all such as are yet known, and have been described by credible Authors, it will appear that they are much fewer then is commonly imagined, not a hundred sorts of Beasts, nor two hundred of Birds.

From this prejudice it is, that some hereticks of old, and some Atheisti­cal scoffers in these later times, having taken the advantage of raising ob­jections, (such as they think unanswerable) against the truth and au­thority of Scripture, particularly as to the description which is given by Moses, concerning Noah 's Ark, Gen. 6.15. where the dimensions of it are set down to be three hundred cubits in length, fifty in breadth, and thirty in height, which being compared with the things it was to contein, it seemed to them upon a general view, (and they confidently affirmed accordingly) that it was utterly impossible for this Ark to hold so vast a multitude of Animals, with a whole years provision of food for each of them.

[Page 163] This objection seemed so considerable, both to some of the ancient Fathers, and of our later Divines, who were otherwise learned and ju­dicious men, but less versed in Philosophy and Mathematicks, that they have been put to miserable shifts for the solving of it. Origen, and Saint Austin, and several other considerable Authors, do for the avoiding of this difficulty affirm, that Moses being skilled in all the learning of the Aegyptians, doth by the measure of cubits, here applyed to the Ark, un­derstand the Aegyptian Geometrical cubit, each of which (say they) did contein six of the vulgar cubits, namely, nine foot. But this doth upon several accounts seem very unreasonable, because it doth not appear, that there was any such measure amongst the Aegyptians or Iews, styled the Geometrical cubit : And if there were, yet there is no particular reason, why this sense should be applyed to the word cubit here, rather then in other places. It is said of Goliah, 1 Sam. 17.4. that his height was six cubits and a span, which being understood of the Geometrical cubit, will make him fifty four foot high, and consequently his head must be about nine foot in the height or diameter of it, which must needs be too heavy for Da­vid to carry.

Others not satisfied with this solution, think they have found a better answer, by asserting that the stature of mankind being considerably larger in the first ages of the world, therefore the measure of the cubit must be larger likewise, and perhaps double to now what it is, which will much inlarge the capacity of the Ark. But neither will this afford any reasonable satisfaction. For if they will suppose men to be of a much bigger stature then, 'tis but reasonable that the like should be supposed of other animals also; in which case this answer amounts to nothing.

Others will have the sacred cubit to be here intended, which is said to be a hands breadth longer then the civil cubit, Ezeck. 43.13. But there is not any reason or necessity for this. And 'tis generally believed, that the sacred cubit was used only in the measure of sacred Structures, as the Tabernacle and Temple.

This seeming difficulty is much better solved by Ioh. Buteo in the Tract de Arca Noe, wherein supposing the cubit to be the same with what we now call a foot and a half, he proves Mathematically that there was a sufficient capacity in the Ark, for the con [...] eining all those things it was designed for. But because there are some things liable to exception in the Philosophical part of that discourse, particularly in his enumeration of the species of Animals, several of which are fabulous, some not distinct species, others that are true species being left out; therefore I conceive it may not be improper in this place to offer another account of those things.

It is plain in the description which Moses gives of the Ark, that it was divided into three stories, each of them of ten cubits or fifteen foot high, besides one cubit allowed for the declivity of the roof in the upper sto­ry. And 'tis agreed upon as most probable, that the lower story was assigned to contein all the species of beasts, the middle story for their food, and the upper story, in one part of it, for the birds and their food, and the other part for Noah, his family and utensils.

Now it may clearly be made out, that each of these stories was of a sufficient capacity for the conteining all those things to which they are assigned.

[Page 164] For the more distinct clearing up of this, I shall first lay down several tables of the divers species of beasts that were to be received into the Ark, according to the different kinds of food, wherewith they are usual­ly nourished, conteining both the number appointed for each of them, namely, the clean by sevens, and the unclean by pairs, together with a conjecture (for the greater facility of the calculation) what proportion each of them may bear, either to a Beef, or a Sheep, or a Wolf; and then what kind of room may be allotted to the making of sufficient Stalls for their reception.

In this enumeration I do not mention the Mule, because 'tis a mungrel production, and not to be rekoned as a distinct species. And tho it be most probable, that the several varieties of Beeves, namely that which is stiled Vrus, Bisons, Bonasus and Buffalo ▪ and those other varieties reckon­ed [Page 165] under Sheep and Goats, be not distinct species from Bull, Sheep, and and Goat ; There being much less difference betwixt these, then there is betwixt several Dogs: And it being known by experience, what vari­ous changes are frequently occasioned in the same species by several countries, diets, and other accidents: Yet I have ex abundanti to pre­vent all cavilling, allowed them to be distinct species, and each of them to be clean Beasts, and consequently such as were to be received in by sevens. As for the Morse, Seale, Turtle, or Sea-Tortoise, Crocodile, Senembi, These are usually described to be such kind of Animals as can abide in the water, and therefore I have not taken them into the Ark, tho if that were necessary, there would be room enough for them, as will shortly appear. The Serpentine-kind, Snake, Viper, Slow-worm, Lizard, Frog, Toad, might have sufficient space for their reception, and for their nou­rishment, in the Drein or Sink of the Ark, which was probably three or four foot under the floor for the standings of the Beasts. As for those lesser Beasts, Rat Mouse, Mole, as likewise for the several species of Insects, there can be no reason to question, but that these may find sufficient room in several parts of the Ark, without having any particular Stalls appoint­ed for them.

Tho it seem most probable, that before the Flood, both Men, Beasts and Birds did feed only upon Vegetables, as may appear from that place, Gen. 1.29, 30. And God said, Behold I have given you every herb bearing seed which is upon the face of all the earth, and every tree in which is the fruit of a tree yelding seed, to you it shall be for meat. And to every beast of the earth, and to every fowl of the air, and to every thing that creepeth upon the earth, wherein there is life, I have given every green herb for meat, com­pared with chap. 9.3. Where after the Flood, when the productions of the Earth were become of less efficacy and vigor, and consequently less fit for nourishment, God saith to Noah, Every moving thing that liveth, shall be meat for you, even as the green herb have I given you all things. Yet because this proof is not so very cogent to convince a captious Adversa­ry, but that he may still be apt to question, whether the Rapacious kinds of Beasts and Birds, who in the natural frame of their parts are peculiar­ly fitted for the catching and devouring of their prey, did ever feed up­on herbs and fruits; Therefore to prevent such Cavils, I shall be content to suppose that those Animals which are now Praedatory were so from the begining: upon which, it will be necessary to enquire, what kind of food might be proper and sufficient for them, during their abode in the Ark. Now 'tis commonly known, that the ruminant kind are most usually the prey for the rapacious kind of beasts.

It appeares by the foregoing tables, that the beasts of the rapacious car­nivorous kinds, to be brought into the Ark by pairs, were but forty in all, or twenty pairs, which upon a fair calculation are supposed equivalent, as to the bulk of their bodies and their food, unto twenty seven Wolves ; but for greater certainty, let them be supposed equall to thirty Wolves: and let it be further supposed, that six Wolves will every day devour a whole Sheep, which all Men will readily grant to be more then sufficient for their necessary sustenance: According to this computation, five Sheep must be allotted to be devoured for food each day of the year, which amounts in the whole to 1825.

Upon these suppositions there must be convenient room in the lower [Page 166] story of the Ark to contein the forementioned sorts of beasts which were to be preserved for the propagating of their kinds, besides 1825. Sheep, which were to be taken in as food for the rapacious Beasts.

And tho there might seem no just ground of exception, if these beasts should be stow'd close together, as is now usual in Ships, when they are to be transported for any long voyage; yet I shall not take any such advan­tage, but afford them such fair Stalls or Cabins as may be abundantly suf­ficient for them in any kind of posture, either standing, or lying, or turn­ing themselves, as likewise to receive all the dung that should proceed from them for a whole year.

And that the Ark was of a sufficient capacity for these purposes, will appear from the following Diagram. In which there is a partition at each end of the Ark, marked AA, of fifteen foot wide, and the breadth of the Ark being seventy five foot; these partitions must contein in them five Areas of fifteen foot square, and an Area of five foot square, being sufficient to contein four Sheep, therefore one of fifteen foot square must be capable of thirty six Sheep ; Allowing one of these Areas at each end for stairs, there will eight of them remain, ( viz. four at each end) to be reckoned upon for the conteining of Sheep ; which eight will be capable of receiving 288 Sheep.

Besides these partitions, at the end there are five several passages marked BB, of seven foot wide for the more convenient access to the se­veral Stalls; the four Areas on the side marked CC, designed for Stalls, are each of them eighteen foot wide, and about two hundred foot long. And the two middle Areas marked DD, are each of them twenty five foot wide, and about two hundred foot long.

Supposing the two middle Areas to be designed for Sheep ; an Area of twenty five foot square must be capable of a hundred, and there being sixteen of these, they must be capable of 1600 Sheep, which being added to the former number of 288 will make 1888. somewhat more then 1825 the number assigned for those that were to be taken in for food.

The four side Areas marked CC, being each of them eighteen foot wide, and two hundred foot long, will be more then sufficient to contein the several beasts which were to be preserved for the propagating of their kind; for which in the foregoing Tables their is allotted to the length of their Stalls only six hundred and six foot, besides the largeness of the Stalls allotted to each of them. So that there will be near upon two hundred foot overplus, for the reception of any other beasts, not yet enumerated or discovered.

As for that fashion of the Keel of Ships now in use, whereby they are fitted for passage through the Waters, and to endure the motion of the Waves: This would not have been convenient for the business here de­signed; The Ark being intended only for a kind of Float to swim above water, the flatness of its bottom, did render it much more capacious for the reception of those many living Creatures, which were to be contein­ed in it. And tho towards the end of the Flood when it began to abate, God is said to Make a wind to pass over the Earth, whereby the waters were asswaged, Gen. 8.1. Yet 'tis not likely that in the time of the deluge, when the whole Earth was overflowed, that there should be any such rough and boisterous winds as might endanger a Ves [...] el of this Figure; such winds usually proceeding from dry Land.

[Page] [Page 167] From hence it may be evident, that there was sufficient room in the lower story for the convenient reception of all the sorts of beasts that are yet known, and probably for those other kinds that are yet un­known to these parts of the World,

The next thing to be cleared up, is the capacity of the second story for conteining a years provision of food. In order to which 'tis to be ob­served, that the several beasts feeding on hay, were before upon a fair cal­culation supposed equal to ninety two Beeves : but to prevent all kind of Cavils which may be made at the proportioning of them, let them be as a hundred, besides the 1825. Sheep taken in for food. But now because these are to be devoured by five per diem, therefore the years provision to be made for them, is to be reckoned but as for half that number, viz. 912. These being divided by seven to bring them unto a proportion with the Beeves, will amount to 180, which added to the former hundred make 280, suppose three hundred. So then according to this supposition, there must be sufficient provision of hay in the second story to sustein three hundred Beeves for a whole year.

Now 'tis observed (saith Buteo ) by Columella, who was very well ver­sed in the experiments of Husbandry, that thirty or forty pound of hay is ordinarily sufficient for an Ox for one day, reckoning twelve ounces in the pound. But we will suppose forty of our pounds. And 'tis asserted by Buteo upon his own tryal and experience, that a solid cubit of dryed hay, compressed, as it uses to be, when it hath lain any considerable time in Mows or Reeks, doth weigh about forty pound; so that for three hundred Beeves for a whole year there must be 109500. such cubits of hay, ( i. e. ) 365. multiplied by 300. Now the second story being ten cubits high, three hundred long, and fifty broad, must contein 150000. solid cubits, which is more by 40500. then what is necessary for so much compressed hay; and will allow space enough both for any kind of beams and pillars necessary for the fabric, as likewise for other reposito­ries, for such fruits, roots, grain or seed, as may be proper for the nourish­ment of any of the other Animals. And likewise for such convenient passages and apertures in the floor as might be necessary for the putting down of the hay to the Stalls in the lower story. From which it is mani­fest that the second story was sufficiently capacious of all those things de­signed for it·

And then as for the third story; there can be no colour of doubt, but that one half of it will be abundantly sufficient for all the species of birds, tho they should be twice as many as are enumerated in the foregoing tables, together with food sufficient for their sustenance, because they are generally but of small bulk, and may easily be kept in several partiti­ons or Cages over one another. Nor is there any reason to question, but that the other half would afford space enough both for Noah 's family and utensils.

Upon the whole matter, it doth of the two, appear more difficult to as­sign a sufficient number and bulk of necessary things, to answer the capa­city of the Ark, rather then to find sufficient room for those several species of Animals already known. But because it may be reasonably presumed, that there are several other species of beasts and birds, especially in the undiscovered parts of the world, besides those here enumerated, therefore 'tis but reasonable to suppose the Ark to be of a bigger capacity, then [Page 168] what may be sufficient for the things already known, and upon this ac­count it may be asserted, that if such persons who are most expert in Phi­losophy or Mathematicks, were now to assign the proportions of a Vessel that might be sutable to the ends here proposed, they could not (all things considered) find out any more accommodate to these purposes, then those here mentioned.

From what hath been said it may appear, that the measure and capa­city of the Ark, which some Atheistical irreligious men make use of, as an argument against the Scripture, ought rather to be esteemed a most rational confirmation of the truth and divine authority of it. Especially if it be well considered, that in those first and ruder ages of the World, when men were less versed in Arts and Philosophy, and therefore pro­bably more obnoxious to vulgar prejudices then now they are, yet the capacity and proportions of the Ark are so well adjusted to the things it was to contein; whereas if it had been a meer humane invention, 'tis most probable, that it would have been contrived according to those wild apprehensions, which (as I said before) do naturally arise from a more confused and general view of things, as much too big, as now such men are apt to think it too little, for those ends and purposes to which it was designed.

CHAP. VI. The Parts of Animate Bodies; whether I. More Peculiar, or II. Mor [...] General.

§. I. UNder this Head of PECULIAR PARTS of Animate Bodies are comprehended all the Parts that belong to the whole kind of Plants: PECULIAR PARTS of Animate Bo­dies. But as to Animals, it contains onely such as are peculiar to some of them, not common to all. And these are comprehended with the others under the same Head, because I could not otherwise place them conveniently to my purpose. They are distinguishable by their rela­tion to

• LASTING PARTS. I.
• ANNUAL PARTS. II.
• KINDS OF FRUIT. III.
• SWIMMING Animals. IV.
• FLYING Animals. V.
• GOING Animals. VI.

[Page 169] I. By LASTING PARTS of Plants are meant such as do usually con­tinue during the life of the Plant, and are not renewed every year. I. LASTING PARTS of Plants. And because the chief of these is styled WOOD, therefore may that be here adjoyned by way of affinity. These are distinguishable by their Fabric and Consistence, together with their Position and Shape; being either more

• ROOT, Radical, radicate, eradicate.
• KNOT, Knurle, Knag.
• STOCK, Stem, Trunk, Body, Stalk, Stub, Stump.
• SUCKER, Shoot.
• BRANCH, Sprig, Sion, young Shoot, Graft, Bough, Arm of a Tree, Slip, Lop.
• THORN, Prickle, spinous.
• STICK, Staff, Stake, Cudgel, Scepter, Mace, Cros [...] er, Virg, Leading-staff, Truncheon, Battoon, Rest, Scatch, Crutch, Helve, Perch, Tally.
• WAND, Twig, Rod, Switch, Pole.
• RINDE, Bark, Pill.
• JUICE, Sap, succulent.

[Page 170] II. ANNU­AL patts of Plants. II. By ANNUAL Parts are meant such as are renewed every year; which are either

• FLOWER, Blossom, Bloom, blown, Nosegay, Posey.
• CATKIN, Palm.
• STONE, Shell.
• HUSK, Hull, Shell, Skin, Chaff, Boled.
• CLUSTER, Bunch, Pannicle.
• EAR, Spike, Spire, Bent.
• SPROUT, Bud, shoot, burgeon, pullutate, repullutate, germinate, put forth, spring forth.
• LEAF, Foliags, Blade.
• STAMEN, tuft.
• STALK, Footstalk, shank.
• TENDREL, Clasper.
• CUP, Perianthium.
• PERICARPIUM.

[Page 171] III. By FRUITS are meant those more Succulent parts of Plants, which are either the Receptacles of Seed, or else the Seeds themselves ; III. Kinds of FRUITS. to which may be adjoyned▪ by way of affinity, the general name denoting the EXCRESCENCES of Plants, as Galls are of Oken leaves, &c.

Fruits may be distinguished into such as are

• APPLE, Pomiferous.
• PLUM, Pruin, Pruniferous.
• BERRY, Bacciferous.
• NUT, Nuciferous.
• MAST, Acorn, Pannage.
• CONE, Apple.
• COD, Husk, Pod, Shell, shale, siliquous.
• GRAIN, Corn, Kern.

The Peculiar parts of Animals here enumerated are said to be such as belong chiefly, not only, to the several kinds of Swimming, Flying, Going Animals ; because there are some under each Head that belong also to other Animals. So Spawn and Crust belong to Insects, and some Beasts, as well as to Fish. So Trunk or Proboscis, and Egg do belong to some Going Animals, as well as to Flying. So doth Embroyo to a Bat and all Viviparous Fish, as well as to Going Animals. But these Parts are more commonly and generally found amongst those Kinds under which they are listed.

[Page 172] IV. Parts pe­culiar To SWIMMING ANIMALS. IV. Those Parts peculiar chiefly to SWIMMING ANIMALS, to which Custom hath ascribed distinct names, do serve either for their

• SHELL, Testaceous.
• CRUST- aceous, Shell.
• FEELERS, Horns, Antennae.
• SWIMMING BLADDER.
• RAY, Radius, Pinnula.
• MILT, Soft row.
• SPAWN, Hard row.

[Page 173] V. T [...] e Parts peculiar TO FLYING ANIMALS are either V. Parts pe­culiar TO FLYING ANIMALS.

• FEATHER, Plume, callow, fledge, pluck.
• TRAIN, Tail.
• TALON, Pounce, Claw, Clutch.
• FLAT FOOT, Palmipede.
• BEAK, Bill.
• TRUNK, Proboscis, Snout.
• STING, Prickle.
• EGG, Nit, Flyblow.
• CHRYSALITE, Aurelia.
• COMB, Crest.
• GILL, Wattle.

[Page 174] VI. Parts pe­culiar TO GOING ANIMALS. VI. The Parts peculiar belonging TO GOING ANIMAL [...] are such as serve for

• DOWN, Lint.
• FURR, Ermin, Minivor, &c. Timber.
• FLEECE, Flu.
• BEARD, Mustach, Whisker.
• MANE, Crest.
• NAIL, Claw.
• HORN, Head, goring.
• TAIL, Scut, Dock, Crupper, Single of Deer.
• EMBRYO, Child in the Womb.
• SECUNDINE, After-birth.

§. II. BY GENERAL PARTS of Animals are meant such as are more com­mon to the whole kind, or at least the more perfect kinds, as Beasts and Men ; there being several parts enumerated under this head, as Milk, Marrow, Bone, Gristle, Tooth, Dug, Rib, Navel, all under the fifth Dif­ference, and some under the sixth, which are not common to all sorts of In­sects, Fishes, and Birds. These are distinguishable into

• CONTAINED. I.
• CONTAINING. II.
• INTERNAL. VI.

[Page 175] I. CONTAINED HOMOGENEOUS PARTS are such kind of fluid Bodies as are distinguishable by their various Consistences and Uses, I. CON­TAINED HOMOGE­NEOUS PARTS. and not by any difference of Shape or Figure; because, being liquid, they have no Shape of their own, but must be contained termino alieno. They are either more

• SPIRIT- uous.
• SERUM, Whey.
• SUCCUS NUTRITIUS.
• MILK, Cream, Beestings, milch, Dairy.
• SPERM, Seed, seminal.
• MENSTRUA, Courses.
• BLOUD, Crimson.
• BLOUD, Sanguin.
• CHOLER, Gall.
• PHLEGM, pituitous.
• MELANCHOLY, Choler adust.
• MARROW, medullary.

[Page 176] II. CONTAINING HOMOGENEOUS PARTS are distinguishable by their Qualities of Hardness and Softness, II. CON­TAINING HOMOGE­NEOUS PARTS. or by their Figures and Uses; being either of a

• BONE, Skull.
• GRISTLE, Cartilage.
• SKIN, Cuticle, Fell, Hide, Pelt, Slough, flay, excoriate, gall.
• MEMBRANE, Film, Pannicle, Tunicle, Skin, Pericardium, Pe­ricranium, Peritonaeum.
• VEIN, Venal.
• ARTERY- all.
• NERVE, Sinew.
• FIBRE, Grain, Filament.
• FLESH, Parenchyma, carnal, Carnosity, incarnate.
• MUSCLE, Brawn.
• FAT, Suet, Tallow.
• GLANDULE, Kernel, Emunctory, Almond, Bur, Sweet-bread, Nut.

[Page 177] III. Amongst External containing Heterogeneous parts, that which is the chief, being the Seat and Residence of the Soul, is the HEAD: III. Of the HEAD. To which may be opposed the other part styled BODY, Carcass.

The parts of the Head are either

• FACE, Visage, Aspect, Countenance, Favour, Look, Minc, Physi­ognomy, Feature, Vizzard, Mask.
• PATE, Scalp, Noddle, Sconce, Scull, Brain-pan.
• EY, Ocular, optic, see, view, look, kenn, behold, gaze, pore.
• EAR, Lug, hear, hearken, [...] uricular.
• MOUTH▪ Chaps, muzzle, oral, devour.
• NOSE, Snowt, Nostril, smell.
• Internal ; used for
• TONGUE, lick.
• TOOTH, Fang, Tusk, bite, gnaw, nibble, Holders, Grinders.
• PALATE, Roof.
• THROAT, guttural, jugular.
• FOREHEAD, Brow, Front.
• CHEEK, Iole.
• JAW, Chap, Mandible, Iole.
• PLACE OF TONSILLAE.

[Page 178] IV. Of the TRUNK. IV. By TRUNK is meant the middle part of the Body, considered abstractly from Head and Limms. The Parts of the Trunk are distinguish­able by their various Positions, being either

• NECK, Nape, Dulap.
• SHOULDER, Scapulary.
• BREAST, Pectoral, Bosom.
• DUG, Vdder, Teat, Nipple, Pap, Breast.
• VERTEBRA, Spondyl, spinal, Chine.
• LOIN, Chine.
• SIDE, Lateral, collateral.
• FLANK, Rand.
• BELLY, Paunch, Pannel, Peritenaeum.
• NAVEL, Vmbilical.
• SHARE, Twist.
• BUTTOCK, Breech, Haunch, Ham.
• FUNDAMENT, Dock.

[Page 179] V. By LIMM or Member is meant any special part designed for Action, V. Of the LIMMS. moveable upon, and distinguishable by its Ioints: for which reason the word JOINT may be annexed to it by way of affinity, one being the thing moved, and the other the thing upon which the motion is made.

They are either

• ELBOW, Pinion.
• HAND- le, wield, Manual, manage, Palm, Fist, Clutch, Grasp, Haft, Hilt, Glove.
• THIGH, Hip, Ham, Haunch, Pestle.
• SHANK, Leg, Shin, Calf.
• FOOT, Hock, Trotter, tread, trample, stamp, Instep.
• HEEL, Calcitrate, kick, Pastern.
• FINGER, Toe, Thumb.

[Page 180] VI. Of the INWARDS. VI. Containing Heterogeneous Internal parts, called INWARDS, En­trals, Bowels, Foy, Pluck, Purtenance, Vmbels, Hastlet, Garbage, Giblets, reckoning from the uppermost, may be distinguished by their Order, Shape and Uses, into

• WIND-PIPE, Rough Artery, Weasand.
• HEART, Cordial, Core, Pericardium.
• LUNGS, Lights.
• DIA [...] HRAGM, Midriff.
• M [...] DIASTINE.
• STOMACH, Maw, Paunch, Ventricle, Craw, Crop, Gorge, Pouch, Gizzard, Tripe.
• GUT, Entrails, Bowels, Garbage, Chitterling, Colon.
• LIVER, Hepatic.
• SPLEEN, Milt.
• CAUL, Kell.
• KIDNEY, Reins.
• BLADDER, Vesicle.
• PRIVITIES, Genitals, Pizzle, Yard, Fore-skin, Prepuce.
• TESTICLE, Stone, geld, spay, Eunuch.
• WOMB, Mother, Matrix, hysterical, uterine.

CHAP. VII. Concerning the Predicament of Quantity, viz. I. Magnitude. II. Space; and III. Measure.

THe chief notions belonging to the Predica­ment of Quantity are reducible to these general Heads;

The word MAGNITUDE is intended to signifie all the notions of continued Quantity: §. I▪ to which may be adjoyned by way of affinity the word EXTENSION, by which is meant that kind of Quantity whereby a thing is said to have partem extra partem, one part out of another, being the same thing with the former under another Consideration.

Magnitudes are distinguishable according to their

• DIMENSIONS. I.
• MUTUAL RELATIONS to one another. II.
• SIMPLE. III.
• LINEARY. IV.
• PLANARY. V.
• SOLIDARY. VI.

As for Oration, which is enumerated in the usual Systems as one of the Species of Quantity; that is now by common consent acknowledged to be very improperly stiled Quantity ; and therefore it is left out here, and referred to another place.

I. That kind of Quantity whereby the Magnitude of Bodies is to be mea­sured, is called DIMENSION. I. DIMEN­SION. To which may be adjoined upon account of Affinity, That notion of Quantity, whereby a thing is capable of being se­parated into several parts, DIVISION, distribute, part.

Dimensions are of a four-fold difference.

The least of Magnitudes, so styled by those who write de Indivisibilibus, as being in their account infinitely little.

1. POINT, Prick, Tittle, Punctilio, Ace, Iot, Whit.

The second kind, described by the flux of a point, or composed of infi­nite such points, is styled.

2. LINE, delineate, rule.

The third, described by the draught of a line, or composed of infinite such lines.

3. SUPERFICIES, Plain, Surface. To which may be annexed, that more particular notion of Superficies, called AREA, Plot; Bed, Page.

The fourth, described by the lifting up a Superficies, or composed of infi­nite Superficies.

4. SOLID, Body, Bulk.

By these may be express'd those Algebraical notions of Absolute, Line­ary, Quadratic, Cubic ; and so, continuing this Table, Quadrato-Quadratic, Quadrato-Cubic, Cubo-Cubic, Quadrato-Cubo-Cubic, &c. as far as one pleases.

[Page 182] II. The MUTUAL RELATIONS of one Dimension to another are either of II. MUTU­AL RELA­TIONS.

• POLE, Zenith, Nadyr.
• INTERSECTION, Cut.
• DIAMETER, Ray.
• DIVERGING, Reclining.
• CONVERGING, inclining.
• DIRECT, Erect, upright, perpendicular, advance, precipitate, headlong, down-right, up an end, set up, prick up.
• TRANSVERSE, Cross, overthwart, thwart, traverse, point-blank.
• REFLECTED, Bound, rebound, recoil, repercussion, rever­berate▪ rebuff.

[Page 183] III. To the Affections of Magnitudes, III. SIMPLE FIGURE. in respect of more SIMPLE FIGURE, may be adjoyned the general notion of FIGURE, Shape, Fea­ture, Fashion, Form, Frame, Scheme, Lineament, the Make, well set, or pro­portioned, transform, transfigure, deface, disfigure.

These Affections may be distinguished in [...] o such as belong

• STRAIGHTNESS, Right, direct, point-blank.
• CROOKEDNESS, Curve, a-wry, hooked, bow, bend, wry, embow, winding, indirect, fetch a compass.
• CIRCLE, Periphery, Circumference, environ, encircle, surround, Ring, Rund [...] e, Epicycle.
• ANGLE, Corner, Coyn, Nook, Elbow, Polygon.
• OBTUSE, blunt, dull,
• ACUTE, sharp, keen, whet.
• CONVEX, prominent, gibbous, protuberant, turgid, embowed.
• CONCAVE, Hollow, Cavity, Pit, Hole.
• SPHERE, Orb, Globe, Ball, Bullet, Round, Bullet, Pomander, Pom­mel, Bede
• CYLINDER, Bar, Column, Cann, Cannon, Role.
• PRISM, Bar, Wedge.
• CONE, Taper, Spire, Steeple, Shaft, Pinnacle.
• PYRAMID, Spire, Steeple, Shaft, Pinnacle, Obelisk.
• ELLIPSIS, oval.
• SPIRAL, Serpentine, turbinated, wreath, coyling, worn.
• HELIX, Winding.

[Page 184] IV. Com­pound Fi­gures LI­NEARY. IV. COMPOUND FIGURES of Magnitude LINEARY by unclo­sed Lines, are either

• PIN, Gad. Nail, Peg, Tag, Tack, Tenter. Needle, Probe.
• HOLE, Hollow, Pore, Vent, Meash, Orifice, Meuse, punch, perfo­rate, run thorough.
• TOOTH, Cusp, Point, Neb, Scrag, Tine, Tenon, Cog, ingrail, indented.
• NOTCH, Nick, Nock, crenated, Gap, hatcht, inveck, indented.
• PROTUBERANCE, Prominence, Process, Stud, Boss, Excrescence, Gibbous, [...] rump, Bunch, Knob, Rub, jutting, rising, tuberous, standing out, stick out, goggle, copped, turgid, Brow, Hillock, Knob, Knot, Node, Cragg, Scrag, Lobe, gorbellied, heave, swell, strut.
• DENT, Dimple, Sinking, Dock, Crease, indent, Hole, Pit.
• FIGURE of the letter T, Crutch.
• CROSS, Decussation, athwart, Turn-stile.
• TUFT▪ Lock, Tassel, Tresses, Thrum, Hassock, Nap, Rug, Fringe.
• WHIP, Flail, Scourge.
• FLAG, Fane, Banroll, Penon.
• HOOK, Crook, Clasp, Hasp, Tatches, Flook, Tenter, Cramp-iron.
• FORK, Prong, horned.
• UNDULATED, waved, winding.
• CRENATED, Battlement.

[Page 185] V. Compound Figures of Magnitude PLANARY, V. Com­pound Fi­gures PLA­NARY. expressible by clo­sed Lines, may be distinguished into such as do either

• SQUARE, Quadrangle, Quadrate, Diamond figure, Rhomb-oid, Lozenge, Parallellogram.
• RING, Ferule, Hoop, Annulet, Collet, Rundle, Rowel.
• LOOP, Button hole, Eye, Link, Noose, Halter.
• LAMIN, Flake, Leaf, Board, Plank, Lath, Plate, Schedule, Scrole, Sheet, Wafer, Cake, Leant, Flap, Label, Coit.
• CHINK, Crevise, Fissure, Cleft, Crack, Cranny, Chap, Flaw, Rift, Split, Slit, Loop-hole, cleave, spring a leak.
• TRESSEL, Table.
• PINION, Nut.
• EDG, Sharp.
• GVTTER, Chamfer.
• RIDGE, Bank, Dam, Bridg, Edg, Ledg.
• FVRROW, Ditch, Dike, Kennel, Channel, Foss, Trench, Dock, Drein, Cut, Dimple, Rivel, Shrivel, Wrinkle, rumple, pucker, Pleit.
• STEP, Grees.
• TUBE SQUARE.
• TUBE ROUND, or Pipe, Spout, Trunck, Tunnel.

[Page 186] VI. Compound Figures of Magnitude Solidary, VI Com­pound Fi­gures SOLI­DARY. may be distinguished in­to such as are either

• HOLLOWNESS, Cavity, concave, Grot, Cave, Den.
• MASSINESS, solid, Bulk.
• BOTTLE, Button, Bolt-head.
• PIN, headed.
• TURRET or Tent, Tower, Pinnacle.
• BUOY FIGURE.
• HOUR-GLASS FIGURE.
• OVAL, Elliptical.
• BOTTOM, Clue, glomerate, wind about.
• SKEIN, Hanke, Reel.

THe word SPACE, Scope, Room, Compass, Interim, Interval, (accor­ding to the common use of it) is a name importing the more ge­neral notion of that wherein any thing is contained or done; §. II. Comprehending both

I. TIME. I. By TIME, Tract, Tide, Process, Opportunity, Season, Continuance, is meant continued successive Quantity, having for its common term, IN­STANT, Moment, Trice, Nick.

This is distinguishable according to the

• PAST, expired, former, fore-going, ago, already, even now, hereto­fore, gone, over, out, a-late, erewhile, long since.
• FVTVRE, time to come, after-time, hereafter, presently, anon, by and by, shortly, straitway, ere long, henceforth, process of time, after a long while.
• SIMULTANEOUS, of the same time, Synchronism▪ contemporary, compatible, consist, together, concomitant.
• PRECEDING, antecedent, former, foregoing, previ­ous, Priority, before, take place, get the start, Predeces­sor, premise.
• SVCCEEDING, latter, Posteriority, succedaneous, hinder, follow, go after, Successor.
• NEWNESS, Renovation, innovate, renew, anew, Neoteric, Neo­phyte, novel, Novice, Puny, modern, fresh, upstart, green, late, last, a little while ago.
• OLDNESS, ancient, Antiquity, pristin, senior, stale, inveterate, of long standing, yore, obsolete, out of date, a long while ago.
• SOONNESS, sudden, early, rath, betimes, forthwith, shortly, pre­sently, eftsoon, quickly, in a trice, out of hand, imminent, immedi­ate, incontinent, instant, ready, anticipate, accelerate, put on, rid way, in the turning of a hand, twinckling of an eye, timely, spee­dily, in hast, after a little time.
• LATENESS, tardy, last, adjourn, defer, delay, put off, out of date, di­latory, procrastinate, prolong, prorogue, protract, respite, retard, after a long while, far in the day.
• EPOCHA, Hegira.
• PERMANENCY, lasting, abiding, continuing, durable, stay, remain, persevere, enduring, incessant, indelible, perennial, tedious, hold out, of standing.
• TRANSITORINESS, fading, flitting, frail, glance, transient, temporary, short, for a spirt, for a little while, quickly gone.
• FREQUENCY, often, ever and anon, thick, rife, common, recourse, resort.
• SELDOMNESS, rare, scarce, strange, unusual, thin, desuetude.
• PERPETUITY, continual, incessant, still, at all times, alwayes.
• AT TIMES, temporary, by snatches, by fits, bout, ever and anon, now and then, respit, sometimes.
• EVERNESS, Eternity, endless, for ever and ever, always.

[Page 188] II. PLACE. II. The Space wherein any thing is contained, is called PLACE, Room, local, standing, station, precinct, set, put, position, lay, dispose, pitch, plant Guns, dislocate, Prospect.

It is distinguishable, as the former, according to the more

• PRESENCE, face to face, at hand, here, hand to hand, confront, rea­dy, residence.
• ABSENCE, Mich, away, non-residence.
• CONTIGUITY, touch, contact, hit, joyn, close, grazing.
• DISTANCE, off, keep off, bear off, stave off, way off, set farther, stand away.
• NEARNESS, Vicinity, Propinquity, Proximity, nigh, next close, ad­jacent, adjoyn, neighbour, imminent, impendent, immediate, ready at hand, accost, draw on, approach, at, by, hard-by, besides, hithermost.
• REMOTENESS, far, farther, aloof, wide of, distant, outmost, ulti­mate, great way off.
• HOME, Scene.
• RISE, Source, Country, Original, Spring, Root.
• AMPLENESS, spacious, large, burly, wide, vast.
• NARROWNESS, close, scantness, strictness, restrained.
• OBVIOUSNESS, common, rise, thick.
• RARENESS, seldom, scarce, thin.
• CONTINUANCE, produce, subsist, along, close.
• DISCONTINUANCE, by coasts, sparsim, cease, pause, respit, break off, intermit, interrupt.
• UBIQUITY, Omnipresence.
• NVLLIBIETY.

[Page 189] III. The mixed Notion made up of Position and Place, III. SITUA­TION. or the Applica­tion of the parts of a Body to the parts of Place, respectively, is styled SITUATION, Seat, set, site, lying, standing, pitch, plant, Position, placing ; to which may be annexed, by way of affinity, that respect of the imagi­nary face of a thing towards some other thing or place, called VER­GENCY, tending, leaning, inclining, hanker, toward, upon that hand, Rhombe.

These are either more

• EAST Orient.
• WEST, Occidental.
• NORTH, Septentrional, Arctic.
• SOVTH, Meridional, Antarctic.
• MIDDLE, Intermediate, Mean, Core, Heart, Wast, main body, Noon, between both, Interim, Interval.
• END, final, last, extremity, ultimate, surcease, terminate, expire, in fine.
• BEGINNING, First.
• SIDE, Flank, Wing, Cheek, lateral, collateral, Limb, Rim, Brim, Brink, Edge-wise, Hem, Ridg, Skirt, Lift, Selvage, Welt, Gard, Eaves, Battlement.
• MARGIN, Limit, Marchess, Border, Verge, Meer, Bound, Term, Front-ier, Land-mark, adjacent, abutt, confine, Purliew.
• UPPER-SIDE, Ridge, above, vertical.
• VNDER-SIDE, lower, neather, bottom.
• IN-SIDE, internal, intrinsecal, inward, inner, inmost, intestine,
• OVT-SIDE, external, extrinsecal, outward, outmost, utter, ut­most, Surface, superficial, exterior, ambient.
• TOP, Tip, Head, Crown, Vpper end, Knap, Apex, Vertical, Chapiter.
• BOTTOM, Base, Lower end, Pedestal, Foot, Sole.
• FORE-PART, Front, Frontispiece, Prow, Van-tguard, Van­ward, foreward.
• HINDER-PART, Back, Rere, rereward, endorse, last, Poop, Posterior,
• RIGHT SIDE, Dexter, Starrbord.
• LEFT SIDE, Sinister, Larrbord.

§. III. THose several relations of Quantity, whereby men use to judge of the Multitude or Greatness of things, MEASURE. are styled by the name of MEA­SURE, Dimension, mete, survey, Rule ; to which the relative term of PROPORTION, Portion, Rate, Tax, Size, Scantling, Pittance, Share, Dose, Mess, Symetry, Analogy, commensurate, dispense, allot, adapt, is of some Affinity, signifying an equality or similitude of the respects that several things or quantities have to one another. They are distinguishable into such as respect either

• MULTITUDE. I.
• MAGNITUDE. II.
• GRAVITY. III.
• More GENERALLY CONSIDERED. V.
• As RESTRAINED TO LIVING CREATURES. VI.

I. MULTI­TUDE. I To the Measure whereby we judge of the MULTITUDE of things may be annexed NUMBER, enumerate, reckon, compute, muster, count, re-count, Tale, tell, Arithmetic, Cyphering. If the way of Numeration were now to be stated, it would seem more convenient to determine the first Period or Stand at the number Eight, and not at Ten ; because the way of Dichotomy or Bipartition being the most natural and easie kind of Di­vision, that Number is capable of this down to an Unite, and according to this should be the several denominations of all other kinds of Measures, whether of Capacity, Gravity, Valor, Duration. So eight Farthings would make a Peny, eight Pence a Shilling, eight Shillings an Angel, eight Angels a Pound. So eight Grains should make a Scruple, eight Scruples a Dram, eight Drams an Ounce, eight Ounces a Pound, &c. But because general custom hath already agreed upon the decimal way, therefore I shall not insist upon the change of it.

The different degrees of Number generally received, are these.

How other numbers besides these here enumerated may be expressed both in writing and speech, see hereafter, Chap.

[Page 191] II. Measures of Magnitude do comprehend both those of Length, II. MAGNI­TUDE. and of Superficies or Area, together with those of Solidity; both compre­hended in that which is adjoyned, viz. the word CAPACITY, hold, contain. The several Nations of the World do not more differ in their Languages, then in the various kinds and proportions of these Mea­sures. And it is not without great difficulty, that the Measures observed by all those different Nations who traffick together, are reduced to that which is commonly known and received by any one of them; which la­bour would be much abbreviated, if they were all of them fixed to any one certain Standard. To which purpose, it were most desirable to find out some natural Standard, or universal Measure, which hath been esteem­ed by Learned men as one of the desiderata in Philosophy. If this could be done in Longitude, the other Measures might be easily fixed from thence.

This was heretofore aimed at and endeavoured after in all those va­rious Measures, derived from natural things, though none of them do sufficiently answer this end. As for that of a Barly corn, which is made the common ground and original of the rest, the magnitude and weight of it may be so various in several times and places, as will render it inca­pable of serving for this purpose; which is true likewise of those other Measures, an Inch, Palm, Span, Cubit, Fathom, a Foot, Pace ; &c. none of which can be determined to any sufficient certainty.

Some have conceived that this might be better done by subdividing a Degree upon the Earth: But there would be so much difficulty and uncer­tainty in this way as would render it unpracticable. Others have thought, it might be derived from the Quick-silver experiment: But the unequal gravity and thickness of the Atmosphere, together with the various tem­pers of Air in several places and seasons, would expose that also to much uncertainty.

The most probable way for the effecting of this, is that which was first suggested by Doctor Christopher Wren, namely, by Vibration of a Pendu­lum: Time it self being a natural Measure, depending upon a revolution of the Heaven or the Earth, which is supposed to be every-where equal and uniform. If any way could be found out to make Longitude com­mensurable to Time, this might be the foundation of a natural Standard. In order to which,

Let there be a solid Ball exactly round, of some of the heaviest metals: Let there be a String to hang it upon, the smallest, limberest, and least sub­ject to retch: Let this Ball be suspended by this String, being extended to such a length, that the space of every Vibration may be equal to a second Minute of time, the String being, by frequent trials, either lengthned or shortned, till it attain to this equality: These Vibrations should be the smallest, that can last a sufficient space of time, to afford a considerable number of them, either 6, or 500 at least; for which end, its passing an arch of five or six degrees at the first, may be sufficient. The Pendulum being so ordered as to have every one of its Vibrations equal to a second minute of time, which is to be adjusted with much care and exactness; then measure the length of this String, from its place of suspension to the Centre of the Ball; which Measure must be taken as it hangs free in its perpendicular posture, and not otherwise, because of stretching: which being done, there are given these two Lengths, viz. of the String, and of the Radius of the Ball, to which a third Proportional must be found out; [Page 192] which must be, as the length of the String from the point of Suspension to the Centre of the Ball is to the Radius of the Ball, so must the said Radius be to this third: which being so found, let two fifths of this third Pro­portional be set off from the Centre downwards, and that will give the Measure desired. And this (according to the discovery and observation of those two excellent persons, the Lord Viscount Brouncker, President of the Royal Society, and Mon. Huygens, a worthy Member of it) will prove to be 38 Rhinland Inches, or (which is all one) 39 Inches and a quarter, according to our London Standard.

Let this Length therefore be called the Standard ; let one Tenth of it be called a Foot ; one Tenth of a Foot, an Inch ; one Tenth of an Inch, a Line. And so upward, Ten Standards should be a Pearch ; Ten Pearches, a Furlong ; Ten Furlongs, a Mile; Ten Miles, a League, &c.

And so for Measures of Capacity: The cubical content of this Standard may be called the Bushel: the Tenth part of the Bushel, the Peck ; the Tenth part of a Peck, a Quart ; and the Tenth of that, a Pint, &c. And so for as many other Measures upwards as shall be thought expedient for use.

As for Measures of Weight ; Let this cubical content of distilled Rain­water be the Hundred ; the Tenth part of that, a Stone ; the Tenth part of a Stone, a Pound ; the Tenth of a Pound, an Ounce ; the Tenth of an Ounce, a Dram ; the Tenth of a Dram, a Scruple ; the Tenth of a Scruple, a Grain, &c. And so upwards; Ten of these cubical Measures may be called a Thousand, and Ten of these Thousand may be called a Tun, &c.

As for the Measures of Mony, 'tis requisite that they should be determi­ned by the different Quantities of those two natural Metals which are the most usual materials of it, viz. Gold and Silver, considered in their Purity without any allay. A Cube of this Standard of either of these Metals may be styled a Thousand or a Talent of each; the Tenth part of this weight, a Hundred ; the Tenth of a Hundred, a Pound ; the Tenth of a Pound, an Angel ; the Tenth of an Angel, a Shilling ; the Tenth of a Shilling, a Peny ; the Tenth of a Peny, a Farthing.

I mention these particulars, not out of any hope or expectation that the World will ever make use of them▪ but only to shew the possibility of reducing all Measures to one determined certainty.

These measures of MAGNITUDE (to which may be annexed the No­tion of CONTENT) may be reduced to these Heads.

• 4 STANDARD.

Each of which is applicable either to Longitude, Area, or Bulk: the last of which comprehends the Measures of Capacity.

III. GRAVI­TY. III. Measures of GRAVITY (to which may be annexed for affinity the thing by which Gravity is measured, styled WEIGHT, Poize, counter­poise, Plummet, ) may be distributed into these kinds.

• 8 THOUSAND.

[Page 193] IV. The Gradual differences of that common Measure of the VA­LUATION or worth of all vendible things (to which may be adjoyned that which is used as this common Measure, styled MONY, Cash, Coin, IV. VALOR▪ Bank, Treasure, pecuniary, Mint, Stamp, Medal, Counter, Purse, ) may be di­stinguished into

• 1 FARTHING, Dodkin.
• 3 SHILLING.
• 7 THOUSAND.

V. Unto the Measure of TIME may be adjoyned for its affinity the word which signifies the Permanency of any thing in its existence, V. TIME: from its beginning to its end, DURATION, abide, continue, persist, endure, hold out, last long, persevere, everlasting, survive.

Time is usually distributed by the Revolution of the heavenly Bodies, or rather of the Earth and Moon, into such Spaces as are required to a revolution of the

• YEAR, Twelvemonth, Anniversary, Annual, Biennial, &c.
• SPRING, Vernal.
• AUTUMN, Fall of the Leaf, Harvest.
• WINTER, Hybernal, hyemal.
• MONTH, Menstrual.
• WEEK, Sennight, Fortnight.
• DAY NATURAL, Quotidian.
• DAY ARTIFICIAL, Diurnal.
• NIGHT, Nocturnal, Pernoctation, lodge.
• MORNING, Mattins, early, dawning, betimes.
• AFTERNOON, Evening.
• HOUR, Horary.

[Page 194] VI. Life-time, or the AGE of LIVING Creatures, (as particularly applied to Men, VI. AGE. to which there is something answerable in other Ani­mals; to which may be adjoyned the word SECULUM, Age, Estate, Generation, ) is, according to common use, distinguished by such Terms as do denote the gradual differences of it.

• INFANCY, Babe, Child, Cub.
• CHILDHOOD, Boy, Girl, Wench, green years ·
• ADOLESCENCY, adult, Lad, Springal, Stripling, Youth, Lass, Da­mosel, Wench.
• YOUTH, Iuvenile, Younker.
• MANHOOD, virile, middle age.
• DECLINING AGE, elderly.
• DECREPIDNESS, Crone.

CHAP. VIII. Concerning the Predicament of Quality; the several Genus's belonging to it, namely, I. Natural Power. II. Habit. III. Manners. IV. Sensible quality. V. Disease; with the various Differences and Species under each of these.

WHether many of those things now called Quality, be not reducible to Motion and Figure, and the Situation of the parts of Bodies, is a question which I shall not at present consider. 'Tis sufficient that the par­ticulars here specified are most commonly known and apprehended un­der that notion as they are here represented, and are still like to be called by the same names, whatever new Theory may be found out of the causes of them.

The several Genus's under this Predicament are such kinds of Quali­ties as are either

• Innate ; NATURAL POWER.
• Generally ; styled by the common name of HABIT.
• Specially ; with respect to the customary Actions of men considered as voluntary MANNERS.
• SENSIBLE QUALITY.

[Page 195] As for Figure, which by the common Theory is reduced under this Pre­dicament, that, being a Qualification or Modification of Quantity, may more properly be referred thither.

THose kinds of Natural innate Qualities, §. I. whereby things are rendred able or unable to act or resist, according to their peculiar natures, are styled

• NATURAL POWERS, Faculty, Capacity, Endowment, Talent, Gift, Abi­lity, Strength, Energy, Force, Virtue, may, can.
• IMPOTENCIES, Disability, Incapacity, invalid, unable, weak, infirm, lame, dead.

These Natural Powers may be distributed into such as are

• RATIONAL. I.
• INWARD. II.
• OUTWARD. III.
• SPIRITUAL. IV.
• INDIVIDUUM. V.
• SPECIES. VI.

I. Those Faculties whereby we are inabled to apprehend and compare the general natures of things as to Truth and Falshood, Good and Evil, I. RATIO­NAL FA­CULTIES. and to demean our selves accordingly towards them, are styled

• RATIONAL, Reasonable, Ratiocination.
• IRRATIONAL, Vnreasonable, brutish.

These may be distinguished into

• UNDERSTANDING, Intellect, Mind, mental, apprehend, compre­hend, perceive, conceive, reach, resent, Sentiment.
• IDIOTICALNESS, being as a natural Fool, Changeling, Innocent
• JUDGMENT, Iudicious.
• INIUDICIOVSNESS, Simple, Silly.
• CONSCIENCE.
• VNCONSCIONABLENESS, Searedness, Profligateness, moral, Insen­sibility.
• WILL, Desire, List, Option, Vote, Wish, Mind, Pleasure, covet, volun­tary.
• LISTLESNESS, no mind to.

[Page 196] II. INTERNAL SENSES are so styled, because they belong to the interiour parts, II. INTER­NAL SEN­SES. and are conversant about internal and absent as well as pre­sent things. Whether there be any such real Faculties in the Soul as are mentioned under this and the preceding Head, is not here to be debated. 'Tis sufficient that common experience doth acquaint us with such various operations of the Mind, and that general custom hath agreed upon such names for the expressing of them.

These are likewise distinguishable into

• COMMON SENSE, perceive, discern, apprehend, Senti [...] ent, resent, conceive, discover, find.
• STV [...] OR, Numness, amaze, astonish, narcotic, amuze, asleep, set on edge.
• PHANSIE, Imagination, Conceit, fantastical, capricious, Phantasm.
• DOTAGE, Delirium, Dizzard, Sot, besot.
• MEMORY, recollect, re-call, commemorate, remember, call or come to mind, put in mind▪ suggest, record, recount, con over, getting by heart, by rote, without book, at ones fingers end, memorable, memorial, Memorandum, mindful.
• FORGETFVLNESS, Oblivion, Vnmindfulness, overslip.
• APPETITE, Desire, Inclination, Concupiscence, Stomach, Longing, Lust, having a mind to.
• LOATHING, fulsome, nauseate, glut, cloy, go against, queasie, squea­mish, wambling, qualm, detest.

III. EXTER­NAL SEN­SES. III. EXTERNAL SENSES are so styled, because they reside in the exteriour parts of the body, and do apprehend only external present things; which common opinion hath determined to the number of Five: amongst which some are said to be

• SIGHT, Vision, View, ken, Optic, descry, discern, espie, spie, peep, prie, see, perceive, look upon, behold, Glimpse, Spectacle, Spectator, Inspe­ction, Revise, Prospect, first blush, visible, conspicuous.
• BLINDNESS, Dimness, dark, poreblind, put out ones eyes.
• HEARING, attend, hearken, listen, give ear, audible.
• DEAFNESS, surd.
• SMELL, Odor, Savour, Sent, Pomander, Perfume.
• TAST, Gust, Savour, Relish, Smack, Smatch, Tang, toothsom.
• TOUCH, feel, contact, tactile, palpable, grope.
• NVMNESS, Stupor, dead, torpid, asleep.

Though common Language have not affixed particular names to the impotencies of some of these, yet they ought to be provided for as well as the rest.

[Page 197] IV. Those natural Habitudes of the Soul or Spirit which render it fit or unfit for its proper functions, IV. TEM­PERS OF SPIRIT. are styled by that general name of TEM­PER - ature, -ament, Disposition, Spirit, Genius, Fancy, Humor, Vein, Qua­lity, Condition, Constitution, Nature.

These may be distinguished into such as are more

• INGENUITY, Good nature, Candor, candid, free, liberal, clear.
• DISINGENVITY, Ill nature, Perverseness, thwart, cross, froward, unto­ward, wayward, awkward, refractory, untractable, wilful, stubborn, sul­len, dogged, sturdy, stiff, restif.
• SPRIGHTLINESS, Wit, Vivacity, ingenious, brisk, lively, quick, acute, sharp, debonair, Mercurial, pregnant, presentness of mind.
• DVLNESS, Stupidity, gross witted, hard-headed, torpid, soft, thick, heavy, dazle, dolt, Block-head, Logger-head, Dunce, Sot, indocil, dreaming.
• SERIOUSNESS, earnest, grave, sober, staid, sad, substantial, so­lemn.
• WANTONNESS, lightness, aiery, playward, gamesom, dallying sportful, trifling, lascivious, giddy, petulant, skittish, toying, Ramp, Gigg, Rigg, Gambol
• GENTLENESS, Tameness, Mildness, Meekness, Lenity, break, reclaim, tame, come to hand.
• FIERCENESS, Wildness, Haggard, Savage, barbarous, curstness, surly, eager, furious, dire, fell, grim, rough, source, keen, un­tamed.
• OPPOSITE TO RAPACITY, not rapacious.
• RAPACITY, ravenous, voracious, greedy, Harpy, devour, preying.
• STOUTNESS, Boldness, manful, redoubted, daring, sturdy, stre­nuous.
• LAZINESS, sluggish, lither, lurden, Drone, dull, soft.
• HARDINESS, Tolerance, strenuous, robust, stout, sturdy, indu­strious, painful.
• NICENESS, Softness, Tenderness, Delicateness, Curiosity, fine, squeamish, effeminate, finical, dainty.

[Page 198] V. TEM­PERS OF BODY FOR THE INDI­VIDUUM. V. Those CORPOREAL HABITUDES, whereby things are ren­dred able or unable to act or resist for the good of the INDIVIDUUM, are usually styled by those general names of Temper, Complexion, Frame, State, Constitution, Disposition, Nature.

These are distinguishable into such as concern,

• WHOLENESS, Intireness, perfect, safe and sound, tite, consolidate, of one piece.
• MVTILOVSNESS, maimed, mangle, lame, lopped, crippled.
• SOUNDNESS, Sanity, Healthiness, hail, heal, whole, clearness.
• ROTTENNESS, Putridness, Corruption, purulent, tainted, unsound, moulder, festered, addle, Matter, rankle, suppurate▪ putrefie, Carrion
• INDOLENCE, Ease, lenitive, relaxation, clearness, lighten.
• PAIN, Ach, smart, ail, anguish, grief, ill at ease, sore, pang, thro, tor­ment, torture, ake, excruciate, twing, twitch, fret, gripe, gird, racking.
• VIGOR, Vivacity, thriving, vegetous, flourishing, lusty, lively, sprightly, florid, quick, fresh, in heart, in good plight, in proof, pert, smart, crank, sturdy, revive.
• DECAYING, consume, wear, wast, drooping, fading, out of heart, flagging, languish, break, fail, going down, fall away, bring down or low, decline, impair, quail, abate, molder, pine, wither, perish, spend, corrupt.
• FATNESS, plump▪ pampered, burly, corpulent, gross, foggy, pursie, battle.
• LEANNESS, macilent, meagre, Starveling, flue, poor, bare, spare, thin, lank, gaunt, Rascal, scraggy, ghastly, pine, emaciate, fall away, Carrion, skin and bone.
• BEAUTY - fulness, Handsomness, Pulchritude, Comeliness, Ele­gance, Decency, fair, goodly, well-favoured, seemly, polite, quaint, pretty, graceful, lovely, personable.
• DEFORMITY, unhandsome, ill-favoured, ugly, uncomely, misbe­coming, Indecorum, absurd, unseemly, mishapen, foul, squalid, Hagg, deface, disfigure.
• STRENGTH, Force, Might, Validity, Puissance, robust, strenuous, stout, sturdy, in heart, main, corroborate, fortifie, recruit.
• WEAKNESS, Feebleness, Debility, Imbecillity, Infirmity, disa­bled, faint, languid, dead, frail, out of heart, heartless, flag­ging, invalid, small, bring down or low, enervate, decline, en­feeble.
• AGILITY, Nimbleness, Activity, Lightness, Volubility, quick, dexterous, Mercurial, restive, handy, man of his hands.
• LVMPISHNESS, Vnweildiness, dulness, gross, heavy, pursie▪ Lob, Lubber, Slugg, Lozel.
• SWIFTNESS, Fleetness, Celerity, Speed, fast, apace, sodain, quick, rapid, hurry, accelerate, hasten, cursory, hy, expedite, run, send, whisk, post.
• SLOWNESS, Heaviness, slackness, dull, Slug, tardy, leisurely, softly, dilatory, retard, foreslow, delay, Lob, Lubber, lumpish, Lurdan, torpid, unwieldy, gingerly.

VI. Such corporeal Habitudes as do concern the Propagation of the Species, VI. TEM­PERS FOR PROPAGA­TION OF THE SPE­CIES. do refer either to the

• 1. SEX, Kind, Gender, Epicene, Hermaphrodite.
• MALE, masculine, Buck, Bore, Dog, Gib, Cock, Milter, He.
• FEMALE, feminine, Doe, Sow, Bitch, Hen, Spawner, She.
• FRUITFULNESS, fertile-ity, foecund, prolifi [...] fructifie, rank, produce fruit.
• BARRENNESS, Sterility, Vnfruitfulness, infertile, blasting, blite.
• OVER-RIPENESS, fading, decaying, withering.
• VNRIPENESS, immature, green.

§. II. SUch superinduced Qualities, whether infused or acquired, whereby the natural Faculties are perfected, and rendred more ready and vigorous in the exercise of their several Acts, according to the more or less perfect Degrees of them, are styled by the name of

• HABIT, Endowment, enure, qualifie, Gift, Talent.
• DISPOSITION, Propensity, Proclivity, Promptitude, Proneness, Inclination, readiness, given to, addiction, fitness, aptitude.

To the more general consideration of Habit may appertain

• ENDS OR REWARD OF VERTUE. I.
• INSTRUMENTS OF VERTUE. II.
• INTELLECTUAL. III.
• INFUSED▪ [...] th Intellectual and Moral. V.
• ACQUIR [...] INTELLECTUAL. VI.

I. RE­WARDS OF VER­TUE. I. Those things which are due to the merit of ‖ Vertue or Vice, are styled

• REWARD, Guerdon, Meed, Prize, Recompence.
• PVNISHMENT, Penalty, Penance, Iudgment, Plague, Vengeance, inflict, suffer, impunity, scotfree.

These may be distinguished into such as are either more

• HAPPINESS, Felicity, Bliss, Blessedness, Beatitude, good, weal, welfare.
• MISERY, Vnhappiness, Infelicity, Extremity, Calamity, Woe, Distress, Disaster, Affliction, Tribulation, Trouble, Plague, Iudgment, Caitiff, Wretch, poor, pitiful, deplorable.
• PROSPERITY, flourishing, thriving, auspicious, fortunate, hap­py, good luck, success, speed.
• ADVERSITY, Affliction, distress, tribulation, cross, disaster, infe­licity, suffering, persecution, duress, fall, pressure, mischance, mishap, misadventure, misfortune, unfortunate, unluckie, un­prosperous, inauspicious, sinister, dismal, ill luck or success.
• CONTENTATION, Tranquillity, Contentment, Serenity, Hearts-ease, Equanimity, Sedateness, Rest, be satisfied, acquiesce.
• ANXIETY, Discontent, [...] taking, dump, trouble, anguish, dis­quiet, vexation, perplexity, streight, pinch.
• SALVATION, Beatifical Vision, Heaven, Glory.
• DAMNATION, Condemnation Hell, perdition.

II. The INSTRUMENTS OF VERTUE, commonly styled the Goods of Fortune, II. INSTRU­MENTS OF VERTUE. requisite to the due exercise of the Acts of many Ver­tues, and one kind of Reward belonging to it, do concern either

• LIBERTY, Freedom, at large, deliver, release, inlar [...] e, set free, rid, dis­patch, ransom, redeem, manumise, emancipate, give one his head, scope, arbitrary, undetermin'd, unconfined, may, may chuse.
• RESTRAINT, confine, streighten, repress.
• RICHES, Wealth, Opulence, Pelf, Means, Fortunes, Estate, thrive, Treasure, make, enrich, worth, well to pass.
• POVERTY, Necessity, Penury, Indigence, Need, Want, poor, empoverish, ruine.
• PLEASURE, Delight, Delectation, Enjoyment.
• VNPLEASANTNESS, Grief, Trouble, displeasing.
• REPUTATION, Credit, Countenance, Applause, Name, Honour▪ Vogue, report, Fame, redoubted, of Note, Glory, Renown, well-sounding.
• INFAMY, Disgrace, discredit, dishonour, disparage, defame, discounte­nance, shame, ignominy, Stein, Blot, Blemish, Slur, inglorious, illiberal, ignoble, notorious, ill reflexion, or sound, or name.
• DIGNITY, Promotion, Preferment, Advancement, Honour, Worship, Greatness, State, Port, Title, preeminence, upper-hand, High place, raise, exalt, illustrious.
• MEANNESS, Lowness, Obscurity, Baseness, Vileness, ignoble, plain, abase, debase, degrade, Abjectness.
• POWER- full, Potent-ate, Greatness, Interest, Strength, Might, Puis­sance, Mastery, Prevalence, Predominance, over-sway, rule-the rost, bear a stroke.
• IMPOTENCE, weak, inconsiderable.

[Page 202] III. AFFE­CTIONS OF INTELLE­CTUAL VERTUE. III. AFFECTIONS of INTELLECTUAL VERTUE, may be di­stinguished by their reference to those two Faculties in the

• SAGACITY, Perspicacity, Sha [...] pness, Subtilty, Dexterity Wit, clear, quick, acute, searching, piercing, docil, towardly, apt, prompt.
• DVLNESS, Stupidity, Heaviness, gross-witted, indocil, dreaming, Dolt, Dunce, Blockhead.
• CREDVLITY, Easiness, light or rash of belief, facil.
• INCREDVLITY, Vnteachableness, Vntowardliness, Sceptical­ness, Scrupulousness, Vnbelief.
• SOBRIETY, discreet, grave, serious, staid, steddy, settled, sage.
• CONCEITEDNESS, Affectation, Singularity, fantastical, vagary, wild, light, aiery, giddy, freakish, whimsical, hair-brain'd, brain-sick, Humorist, Opiniaster.
• SLIGHTNESS, Slackness, negligence, remissness, Neutrality, frigid, cold, indifferent, unconcerned, slatering, superficial, cur­sory, overly, perfunctory, faint.
• FIERCENESS, Fanaticalness, vehemence, violence, eagerness, earnest, furious, heady, immoderate, dogmatical, Opiniaster, boisterous, rough, sour, keen.

IV. The Affections of MORAL and HOMILETICAL Vertues, IV. AFFE­CTIONS OF MORAL AND HO­MILETICAL VERTUE. do concern either

• CVNCTATION, Loitering, Delay, slack, trifling, linger, lag, while off, drive off, put off.
• RASHNESS, Hastiness, Temerity, heady, hair-brain'd, fool-hardy, cursory, headlong, precipitate, unadvised, incogitancy, inconsi­derateness, presumption.
• CARKING, Solicitude, Anxiety, over-thoughtful.
• CARELESNESS, Heedlesness, incogitancie, negligence▪ slatering, slightness, lightness, supineness, inconsiderate, oscitation, overly, perfunctory, superficial, secure, unwary, retchless, cursory, idle, slothful, sluggardly, slubbering, dissolute, uncircumspect, hand over head, not regard, overslip.
• ALACRITY, Chearfulness, readiness, forwardness, with all ones heart, with a good will, free, glad, promptness, propensity, rather.
• GRVDGING, maunder, murmure, mutter, repine, regret, querulous, go against, with an ill will.
• SINCERITY, Vprightness, reality, cordialness, heartiness, downright, honest, plain, simple, unfeigned, sound, clear, uncorrupt.
• HYPOCRISIE, Dissimulation, double tongue or heart, hollow-hearted, feigning, false, counterfeit, sophistical, pretend.
• DOVBLE-DILIGENCE, overdoing, busie▪ pragmatical, fain, medling.
• SLOTH, Idleness, laziness, carelessness, lither, loose, retchless, dreaming, Drone, Sluggard, Truant, loiter.
• INTEGRITY, Honesty, intire, equal, impartial, incorrupt, upright.
• PARTIALITY, unequal, making a difference, accepting of persons.
• PERTINACY, Obstinacy, Contumacy, pervicacious, peremptory, stiff, wilful, inexorable, inflexible.
• LIGHTNESS, Inconstancy, fickleness, levity, instability, mutabi­lity, uncertain, unsteddy, unstable, unstedfast, unsettled, unstaid, wavering, divers, dodging, shittle, shuttle, slippery, variable, mu­table, changeable, trifling, giddy, freakish, paltring, fast and loose.

[Page 204] V. INFUSED HABITS. V. Those are styled INFUSED HABITS, to which the Divine favour and assistance is required after a more especial manner; which are there­fore styled by the general name of GRACE, Gift.

To which may be opposed UNGRACIOUSNESS, Impiety, graceless, ungodly, carnal, wicked, sinful.

These are either

• REPENTANCE, Penitence, compunction, relent, remorse, contri­tion, rue, return, reclaim, renew, regeneration, penance.
• IMPENITENCE, Obdurateness, Hard-heartedness.
• HOLINESS, Sanctity, Godliness, Piety, Devotion, Righteousness, Sanctification, sacred, Pureness.
• VNHOLINESS, Wickedness, Iniquity, Impiety, Vngodliness, Pro­phaneness, Corruption, Sin, Miscreant, graceless, Caitiffe.
• SELF-DENIAL, Christian Magnanimity, Generosity, Public-spi­ritedness, Greatness of mind, Resignation.
• SELFISHNESS, Narrowness, Pedanticalness, Littleness of mind, Worldling.
• FAITH, Belief, Believer, Creed.
• INFIDELITY, Vnbelief, Miscreant.
• HOPE, Trust, Affiance, Reliance, Re [...] mbency.
• DESPAIR, Despondency, out of heart, forlorn, hopeless, past hope, deadness of heart.
• CHARITY, Love.
• VNCHARITABLENESS, Maliciousness.

[Page 205] VI. Those are styled ACQUIRED INTELLECTUAL HABITS which may be gotten by Industry, VI. ACQUI­RED IN­TELLE­CTUAL HABITS. and tend to the perfecting of the Mind or Understanding. They are distinguishable by their

• IGNORANCE, rude, untaught.
• CRAFT, Cunning, Subtilty, Shiness, Policy, Device, Quirk, Sleight, Fetch, Wile, Trick, sly, shrewd, Knave, Shark, Shift, come over one, over reach.
• FOLLY, Fool-ishness, Simplicity, Silly-ness, Imprudence, Indiscretion, witless, unwise, absurd, shallow, Noddy, Ninny, Sot, infatuate, Foppery.
• ART, Skill, Dexterity, Craft, Cunning, Insight, Knack, expert, well-seen in, good at, artificial, Workman, Artist.
• VNSKILFVLNESS, bungling, blundering, botching, fumbling, cob­ling, slubber, smatter, ignorant, silly, rude, gross, jejune, inexpert, inartificial, awkward, Freshman, Novice.
• EXPERIENCE, Practice, Exercise, Knowledge, conversant, versed, expert, Experiment, Empyric.
• INEXPERIENCE, inexpert, raw, to seek, Puny, Novice, Freshman, unverst.
• LEARNING, Literature, Scholarship, scholastic, Liberal Science, Skill, indoctinate ▪
• VNLEARNEDNESS, illiterate, unlettered, rude, simple.

§. III. THe Customary and habitual Actions of men considered as voluntary, and as they are capable of Good or Evil, Reward or Punishment, are styled by the name of MANNERS, Ethic, Moral-ity.

To which may be adjoyned the general name of such customary Acti­ons as are mutual betwixt man and man, styled CONVERSATION, Carriage, Demeanour, Comportment, homiletical, Communication, lead, life, living, sociable, behave.

The Vertues belonging to these do comprehend all those Habits which concern the regulating both of our Wills and Affections, and of our Con­versations. They are distinguishable by the Faculties which they mode­rate, and the Objects they are conversant about, into such as do more im­mediately concern the regulating of our

• More GENERAL. I.
• Our BODIES. II.
• Our ESTATES or DIGNITIES. III.
• More GENERAL and Common. IV.
• SUPERIORS. V.
• INFERIORS. VI.

I. VERTUE. I. Those kind of Moral habits which serve for the regulating of our Wills and Affections more General, are commonly styled by the name of VER­TUE, Honesty, Probity, Righteousness, brave ; denoting such Habits whereby we are inclined and inabled to observe a due Mediocrity in our Actions. To this is properly opposed the notion of VICE, Sin, Crime, Dishonesty, Trespass, Transgression, Fault, Failing, Infirmity, Oversight, wicked, Improbity, Turpitude, unrighteous, unjust, bad, naught, vile, base, loose, evil, ill, corrupt, venial, heinous, debauched, lewd, lawless, licencious, foul, flagitious, enormous, profligate, Miscreant, Ruffian, Caitiff, Villain, Rakehell, Libertine, defile, pollute. These may be distinguished into such as relate to the Inclination of our Minds, either

• JUSTICE, Righteous-ness, right, square dealing, upright dealing.
• RIGOVR, rigid, extreme, severity, overstrict.
• REMISSION, Over-sparing.
• EQUITY, Moderation, reasonable, conscionable, Chancery, fair dealing, in reason.
• SVMMVM IVS, Rigidness, sourness, unreasonableness, iniquity, unequal.
• CANDOR, fair, ingenuous, candid, fair dealing.
• CENSORIOVSNESS, Sinister suspicion, captiousness, controling, carping▪ find fault.
• GOODNESS, Benignity, benevolence, benificence, kindness, good turn, beholding gratifie.
• MISCHIEVOVSNESS, Maleficence, ill turn.
• MERCY, tender-hearted, pitiful, propitious, soft.
• CRVELTY, Immanity, inhumane, hard-hearted, pittiless, savage, dire, tr [...] culent, barbarous.
• GRATITUDE, Thank-fulness, give or render thanks.
• INGRATITVDE, Vnthankfulness, ingrateful.
• RASHNESS, Temerity, fool-hardiness, audacity, desperate, heady, hair-brain'd, boisterous, precipitate.
• COWARDISE, timorous; faint-hearted, fearful, soft, Craven, Da­stard, Poltron, Recreant, out of heart, to flinch, to cow.
• OBSTINACY, stubborn, sturdy, peremptory.
• SOFTNESS, Tenderness; Impatience, relent, mollifie.
• LENTITVDE, Stupor, Insensibility.
• RASH ANGER, curst, hasty, pettish, peevish, snappish, testy.

[Page 208] II. Vertues relating to our BODIES. II. The more special Vertues for the regulating of our Wills and Af­fections in things relating to our BODIES, whose Object is Iucundum or Vtile, are either.

• TEMPERANCE.
• SENSVALITY, Voluptuousness, Intemperance, debauched, dissolute, effeminate, Epicure.
• MACERATION.
• GLVTTONY, Surfeit, voracity, gormandizing, pampering, raven­ous, sated, Gully-gut.
• SOBRIETY, Abstemiousness.
• DRVNKENNESS, Sot, besot, inebriate, heady, intoxicate, fox, ca [...] rouse, overtaken, whittled, fuddled, tipsie, Tipler, Soaker, Pot-com­panion, Toss-pot.
• VIGILANCE, Watchfulness.
• SLVGGARDLINESS, Sloth, Drowziness, Sleepiness.
• MODERATENESS IN RECREATION.
• IMMODERATENESS IN RECREATION.
• NICENESS, Finicalness, Delicateness, Daintiness, Curiosity, dapper.
• SLOVENLINESS, Vncleanness, Nastiness, sordid, filthy, squa­lid, foul, Sloven, Slut, slubber.
• CHASTITY, Continence, Honesty.
• VNCHASTITY, Incontinence, Wantonness, lascivious, unclean, obscene, ribaldry, bawdy, lewd, light, dishonest, corrupt, defile, deflowr, incest, rape, ravish, viciate.

[Page 209] III. Vertues relating to the due moderating of our Affections towards the things which concern our ESTATES and DIGNITIES, III. Ver­tues rela­ting to our E­SATES and DIG­NITIES. whose Object is Pro­fit or Esteem, may be distinguished into such as do more particularly concern our

• PRODIGALITY, Prof [...] seness, wastful, lavish, riotous, embezil, lash out Ha­vock, run out.
• COVETOVSNESS, Avarice, Worldliness.
• SCRAPING, Rapacity, greedy, craving, griping, ravenous.
• SLATERING, Improvidence.
• PENVRIOVSNESS, crib, hard, close-fisted, hide-bound▪ over-thrifty, tenacity, pinching, pinch [...] peny, Churle, Niggard, Miser, close, near.
• SQVANDRING, flying-out, ill-husbandry▪ unthriftiness, spend-thrift, wast, embezzil, mis [...] spend.
• RIOTOVSNESS, Profuseness, Luxuriousness, blade-it, debauch, Roi­ster.
• SORDIDNESS, Baseness, unworthy, penurious.
• ALMSGIVING, Charity, Dole, Alms, relieve, Pensioner, Bedes-man, Eleemosynary, Hospital.
• CHVRLISHNESS, uncharitable, rough, Niggard.
• HOSPITALITY, harbour, entertain, treat, open-house.
• INHOSPITABLENESS.
• SHEEPISHNESS, Shamefacedness, over-bashful, sneaking, softness.
• IMPVDENCE, Shamelesness, Audacity, saucy, immodest.
• INSOLENCE, arrogance, haughtines, presumption, vaunting, vaporing.
• PVSILLANIMITY, Baseness, sordid, pedantical.
• ABIECTNESS, Sneaking, narrowness and littleness of mind, base,
• AMBITION, Presumption, High-mindedness, Vain-glory, Arrogance, aspire, overweening, Rodomontade, affectation of Empire.

[Page 210] IV. HOMI­LETICAL COMMON [...] ertues. IV. HOMILETICAL Vertues more COMMON, are such vertuous habits as are required in men of all degrees and conditions for the regu­lating of their mutual Conversations. Not that the other Vertues before specified, are not likewise necessary to this end: but that they do not so di­rectly and immediately tend to it as these others do which are styled HO­MILETICAL. To which may be opposed INSOCIABLENESS, Barbarism.

These are distinguishable into such as render our Conversation; either

• VERACITY, Truth.
• OVER-SAYING, Hyperbole, Boasting, Ostenta­tion, vapor, crack, brag, vaunt, swagger, [...] o­domontade.
• VNDER-SAYING, Detraction, Diminution, disparage, traduce, depreciate.
• FIDELITY, trusty, true, loyal.
• OFFICIOVSNESS, Fawning.
• TREACHERY, perfidious, false, faithless, unfaithful, untrusty, disloyal, Recreant, Traitor, Ambodex [...] er, betray, falter, undermine, prevaricate.
• PEACEABLENESS, Quietness, Concord Accord▪ Agreement, Vni­on, appease, atone, pacifie, reconcile, compose, take up, compromize, still, calm, set at peace, part a fray.
• CONTENTIOVSNESS, Strife, Dissension, Discord, Variance, Controversie, Difference, Broils, Contest, Combustion, Debate, Division, Bickering, litigious, quarrel, wrangle, clash, jarr, brabble, jangle, Gar­boil, Odds, Brangling, Conflict, Squabble, Brawling, Cavilling, captious, Incendiary, Barreter, Bonte­few, Shrew, Scold.
• TOO MVCH OPENNESS, Tell-tale, Blab,
• RESERVEDNESS, shy, nice, coy, demure, staunch, wary, close.
• TACITURNITY, staunch, close, still, counsel-keeping, secrecy, silence.
• LOQVACITY, Babbling, Garrulity, talkative, babble, blab, chat­ter, gabbling, tattle, prate-ttle.
• GRAVITY, Seriousness, sober, demure, sage▪ stayed, earnest, settled, solid.
• FORMALNESS, Coxcomb, fond, foppish.
• LIGHTNESS, flashy, Freak, Levity, Petulance.
• FAWNING, Assentation, Adulation, obsequious, smooth, glavering, gloze, cogg, cajole, curry favour, collogue, wheedle, crouch, creep­ing, scraping, flatter, sooth, clawing, Blandishment, Parasite, Sy­cophant, Claw-back.
• MOROSENESS, curst, crabbed, cynical, froward, churlish, uncivil, boisterous, rude, sullen, surly, unmannerly, hard to please, humor­some, rough, harsh, sour, testy, snappish, dogged, currish, waspish, tetchy, wayward, peevish, pettish.
• ASSENTATION, Flattery, glozing, soothing, fawning, mealy-mouth'd, trencher-friend.
• MAGISTERIALNESS, Arrogance, Imperiousness, Lordliness, masterly, pedantical, rough, over-bear, Roister.
• SCVRRILITY, Buffoonry, Abusiveness, Pasquil, Zany, Vice.
• RVSTICITY, Clownishness, boisterous, blunt, barbarous, rough, rude, Kerne, home-bred, Slouch, uncivil, unmannerly, dirty.

[Page 212] V. HOMIL. VERT. to­wards SU­PERIOURS. V. HOMILETICAL VERTUES whereby we are to regulate our Demeanour towards our SUPERIOURS, may be distinguished into such as are

• DUTIFULNESS, submissive.
• VNDVTIFVLNESS, Sturdiness, stiff, untoward, untractable.
• HUMILITY, Lowliness, abase, humble, gentle, submission, demisness.
• PRIDE, Haughtiness, Loftiness, high-minded, Lordly, elate, stately, perk, self-conceit, arrogance, magisterialness, presumption, overween, puff up, look big.
• REVERENCE, Honour, regard, respect, veneration, awe, dread, Worship.
• IRREVERENCE, Petulance, Sauciness, malapert, perk, presumptuous.
• RESPECT, Grace, Honour, deference, civility, esteem, observe, veil to.
• DISREPECT, Dishonour, neglect, slighting, undervaluing, dis­regard, vilifie.
• SUBJECTION, Homage, Loyalty, Allegiance, at ones command, serve under.
• LOYALTY, Allegiance, Fealty, Homage.
• TREACHERY, betray, Traitor, disloyal.
• OBEDIENCE, obsequious, observant, pliable, submissive, tra­ctable, towardly, Conformity, follow, serve, be subject to.
• DISOBEDIENCE, Contumacy, Obstinacy, refractory, self-willed, unruly, untoward, transgress, trespass, break, violate, take head, stiff-necked, wilful, masterless, restive.
• SUBMISSION, give place to, give way, yield, resign, surren­der, at discretion of.
• CONTVMACY, Obstinacy, Self-will, stubborn, sullen, stiff, un­tractable, wayward, stout, stiff-necked, refractory.

[Page 213] VI. HOMILETICAL VERTUES whereby we are to regulate our Demeanour towards our INFERIORS, VI. HOMIL. VERT. to­ward IN­FERIOURS. may be distinguished into such as are

• GRACIOUSNESS, Favour, Indulgence, gentle, kind, mild, serene, soft, benign, propitious.
• HARSHNESS, Ruggedness, sourness, roughness.
• CONDESCENSION, deign, vouchsafe, bear with, suffer.
• INSOLENCE, Magisterialness, imperiousness, roughness, strictness, stately, domineer, insult, swagger, Roister, Ruffian.
• AFFABILITY, Courtesie, gentleness, facil, fair, demeanour.
• SVPERCILIOVSNESS, roughness, stern, sour, scornful, stately, surly, arrogant.
• PROTECTION, Shelter, defence, guard, patronage, refuge.
• GOOD GOVERNANCE, Discipline, Regiment.
• MALE-ADMINISTRATION, misgoverning, ill governance.
• REASONABLENESS.
• VNREASONABLENESS.
• SEVERITY, strict.
• FONDNESS, Indulgence, cocker, do [...] e, make much of, tender, chary.
• CLEMENCY, Gentleness, favourableness, lenity, mildness.
• AVSTERITY, stern, strict, inflexible, asperity, rigor, stiff, ri­gid, harsh, sharp, tart, rough, crabbed.

Though several of the Vertues and Vices enumerated under this and the former Head, may be ascribed sometimes to persons in other capacities; yet they do primarily and originally appertain to the Relations of Supe­riours and Inferiours.

§. IV. BY SENSIBLE QUALITY is meant such kind of Quality as falls un­der our outward Senses, or the Affections of Bodies considered as they are the Objects of Sense: To which may be opposed the Notion of OCCULT QUALITY. These do relate either to the

• Primary, LIGHT. I.
• Secondary, COLOUR. II.
• Ear, SOUND. III.
• TAST and SMELL. IV.
• PASSIVE. VI.

In this distribution of Sensible Qualities, those that are Visible and Tan­gible are, both because of their Number and Variety, each of them redu­ced under double Differences. Whereas those that belong to the Senses of Tast and Smell are, for the contrary reason, contracted under one. The gradual Differences belonging to every one of these are so very nu­merous, that no Language doth, or indeed can, provide for them; but we are fain to denominate each of them from that subject in which it is most commonly found and known. And, for the farther help of the common defect of Languages as to such things, I have in the following Tables (where it could conveniently be done) reduced things to double Op­posites, which, with the addition of the transcendental points of Augmen­tative and Diminutive, will much facilitate the expression of the several degrees of these things.

I. LIGHT. I. That is styled PRIMARY VISIBLE, by the help of which we are inabled to see other things; being inherent chiefly either in

• LIGHT, Lux, lightsome, illuminate, enlighten, glimmer, glimpse, flash.
• DARKNESS, gloomy, close, dim, duskie, Eclipse, obscure, sad, swart, brown.
• LIGHT, Lumen, lucid, Luminary, irradiate, Sunshine.
• SHADOW, Shade, Vmbrage, adumbrate, Screen, Canopy, Curtain.
• BRIGHTNESS, Lustre, splendor, refulgence, glister, glitter, dazling, shine, coruscation, clear, fair, orient, polite, gloss, respl [...] ndent, illu­strious, furbish, polish, burnish, irradiate.
• DIMNESS, gloomy, cloudy, blink.
• TRANSPARENCY, Perspicuity, pellucid, diaphanous, clear, thin :
• OPACIIY, Thick.
• CLEARNESS, fair, immaculate, unspotted, clarifie.
• SPOTTEDNESS, Blemish, Blot, Blur, Mote, Mole, Freckle, Speck, Stain, Soil.

II. Secondary Visible Qualities, II. CO­LOUR. are by a general name styled CO­LOURS, Tincture, Hue, Complexion, Stain, Tinge ; by which are meant those various Appearances in the Superficies of Bodies which do more im­mediately affect the Eye.

They are distinguishable into those that are more

• WHITENESS, blank, blanch, bleach.
• BLACKNESS, sable, sad, swart, brown, Negro.
• REDNESS, Crimson, Vermilion, Scarlet, Stammel, ruddy, M [...] r­rey, Gules.
• YELLOWNESS, Sallow, Tawny.
• GREENNESS, Verdure.
• BLEWNESS, Azure, Watchet.
• VARIEGATEDNESS, motly, pyed, particoloured, divers colours, embroider, inlay.
• CHANGEABLENESS.
• SPECKLEDNESS, Freckled.
• STRIATEDNESS, brindled, streaked, striped.
• DAPPLEDNESS.
• CHECQUEREDNESS.

[Page 216] III. SOUND. III. Sensible Quality perceptible by the Ear, together with the Priva­tion of it, is styled by the name of

• SOUND, Noise, resound, Report, Coil, Rout, Racket, blow, loud, dinn, quetch, Echo, Euphony. To which may be adjoyned those natural words ( fictitia à sono) bounce, buz, chatter, chink, clack▪ clap, clash, clatter, click, clink, crash, crush, ferk, hum, hiss, jar, jingle, jerk▪ knock, rattle, ruffle, rumble, russle, clutter, lash, pipe, ring, scream, shriek, snap, squeak, squall, roar, thump, toot, twang, thwack, tinkle, wheez, whimper, whip, whine, whistle, yell.
• SILENCE, Stilness, hush, hold ones peace, muni, tacit, quash, quiet, whist, 'st.

The several Notions belonging to this Head, to which different names are assigned, do concern either the

• ACVTE, shrill, Treble, Canto.
• GRAVE, low, Base, deep
• RINGING, jingle, tinkle, Bell, tole, chime, Peal, Knell.
• JARRING, Clattering.
• VOICE, vocal, call, cry, invocate, Tone.
• ARTICULATE▪ Voice, speak, eloquution, pronounce,
• HISSING, Whizzing.
• TUNE, Lesson, Chime, Ayre, Strain.
• CLEARNESS, shrill.
• HOARSNESS, Harshness.
• CONCORD, Symphony.
• DISCORD, Dissonance, untunable
• HARMONY, Melody, Music.
• IANGLING, Tintamar.

[Page 217] IV. The Sensible Qualities belonging to the TAST and SMELL, IV. TAST and SMELL. are of so near affinity, that several Languages do assign to them the same names.

They are distinguishable into the

• SWEETNESS, Pleasant, luscious, toothsom, fragrant, odoriferous, Perfume.
• VNSAVOVRINESS, Stink, Stench, foetid, noisom, fulsom, rank.
• FATTINESS, Oily, unctuous, gross, greasie.
• ACRIMONIOUSNESS, biting, keen, cutting.
• AUSTERENESS, Harshness, sowr, tart.
• ACERBITY, Astringency, styptic.
• ACIDITY, Sharpness, eager, hard.
• BITTERNESS.
• SALTISHNESS, saline, brackish, briny, seasoned.
• FRESHNESS, unsalted, flashy.
• FRESHNESS, Smartness, brisk, quick, lively, spirituous.
• DEADNESS, vapid, decayed, insipid, wearish, flashy.
• MUSTINESS, Moldiness, vinewed, fusty.
• ROTTENNESS, addle, putrid.

[Page 218] V. ACTIVE TACTILE QUALI­TIES. V. Tactile Qualities more ACTIVE are commonly distinguished by their being

• HEAT, hot, soultry, ardent, torrid, fervent, swelter, inflame, scald, Parch, Scorch.
• COLDNSSS, bleak, piercing, biting, chill, cool, frigid, refrigerate.
• WETNESS, Humidity, liquid, mash, slabber, daggle.
• DRINESS, Siccity, exsic [...] ate, arid, sear, parch.
• DENSITY, Crassitude, Thickness, Condense-ation, thronged, pressed.
• RARITY, Thinness, attenuate, rare-ifie.
• GRAVITY, Ponderousness, Heaviness, lumpish, weighing, pressing down.
• LEVITY, Lightness.
• HARDNESS, indurate, callous, brawny.
• FLVIDITY, liquid, flow, dissolve.
• LIMBERNESS, supple, lank, lith, ling, gentle, pliant, plia­ble, slack, flagging.
• STIFNESS, stark, tite, rigid, harsh, inflexible.

VI. Tactile Qualities more PASSIVE, are distinguishable by their de­noting either the

• SOFTNESS, Tenderness, mollifie, relent, give.
• HARDNESS, obdurate, indurate, callous.
• SMOOTHNESS, Sleekness, glibbery, slippery, terse, polite, polish, burnish, Calender.
• ROVGHNESS, Asperity, Ruggedness, uneven, harsh, ruffle, rumple, puckered, cragged.
• COVRSNESS, gross, thick.
• FINENESS, Tenuity, Subtilty, thin, attenuate.
• CLAMMINESS, viscous, adhering, stick to, cling, cleaving, glu­tinous, Bird-lime.
• VNCTVOVSNESS, Slipperiness, Lubricity, glib.
• TOVGHNESS, ductile, malleable.
• BRITTLENESS, Friableness, crisp, short, frail, fragil.
• FASTNESS, Fixedness, Firmness, stedfast, wistly, set, settle, clenching, Rivet, stick in.
• LOOSENESS, sleasie, Slackness, unfastned, unfixed, unsteddy, unstedfast, unsettled, Luxation.

THose kind of Impotencies of the Body, as to its natural Functions, which are usually accompanied with Pain, §. V. are styled by the com­mon name of SICKNESS, Disease, ill, Malady, Relapse, unhealthy, unwhol­som, crazy, Distemper, Indisposition, ail, Fit, mortality, taken with, Spittle.

To which is opposed HEALTH, Sanity, Soundness, heal, incurable, wholsom, recover, safe and sound, well, clear, how do you.

The principal Notions referring to this Head may be distinguished in­to such as signifie either

• The more general CAUSES OF DISEASE. I.
• DISTEMPERS. II.
• TUMORS. III.
• HEAD, or ARISING THENCE. IV.
• MIDDLE REGION, the Breast, or its parts. V.
• LOWER BELLY or Bowels. VI.

Besides the Diseases enumerated in the following Tables, there are di­vers others not here provided for, because they may be otherwise suffici­ently expressed: As for instance, those that belong to the Appetite, may be exprest by the notes of Excess, Defect, Depravation.

[Page 220] And thus likewise may it be with those other Functions of Concoction, Sanguification, Nutrition, Augmentation, &c.

Those that belong to the Organical parts, in respect of any Imperfe­ction as to their just Number, Magnitude, Conformation, Site, Connexion, &c. may also be otherwise sufficiently expressed.

I. GENE­RAL CAU­SES OF DISEASE. I. The GENERAL CAUSES OF DISEASE, may be distinguished into such as are either

• CONTAGION, Infection, taint, catching, run, spread, diffuse.
• POISON, Venom, envenom, virulent.
• WOUND, Hurt▪ Sore, vulnerary, cut, break ones head, Scarr.
• BRUISE, Contusion, crush, batter, shatter.
• PLETHORA, Fulness.
• CACOCHYMIA, Ill humors.
• INFLAMMATION.
• OBSTRUCTION, Oppilation.
• INFLATION, puffed up, flatulent, windy.
• ABSCESSUS, Aposteme.
• ULCER, Sore, Botch, Canker.

[Page 221] II. Diseases belonging to the whole Body, or the various parts of it, II. DISTEM­PERS of Body. in respect of DISTEMPER, are distinguishable into such as do arise either

• FEVER, Calenture.
• AGUE, quotidian, tertian, quartan.
• CONSUMPTION, tabid.
• MALIGNANT FEVER, Spotted fever, Purples.
• PLAGUE, Pestilence, Pest, pestiferous, pestilential, the Sickness, Murrain.
• ITCH, Mange.
• TETTER, Ring-worm, Shingles.
• LEPROSIE, Lazer, Leper.
• SCURF, Morphew, Scald.
• LUES VENEREA, French-pox.
• GOUT, Arthritis.
• ERYSIPELAS, St. Anthony's fire.

[Page 222] III. TU­MORS. III. Those Diseases by which the parts are swelled and distended be­yond their due proportion, are styled TUMORS, Rising, swell, turgid, node.

These may be distinguished into such Tumors as are either in the

• PUSTULE, Wheal, Whelk, Pimple, Push, Sty.
• KING'S EVIL, Scrophula, Struma.
• BOIL, Blain, Sore, Whitlow, Ancome.
• CANCER, Wolf.
• CARBUNCLE, Sore, Plaegue-sore.
• CHILDBLANE. Kibe.
• GANGLION, Spavin.

[Page 223] IV. The DISEASES belonging to the HEAD, or NERVES, IV. DISEA­SES of the HEAD and NERVES. or a­rising thence, may be distinguished into such as relate more

• FRENSY, Delirium, frantic, light-headed, phrenetic.
• MADNESS, out of ones wits, raving, distraction, besides ones self, wood, brain-sick, crack-brained, crazed, lunatic.
• VETERNUS, Sopor.
• EPHIALTES, Night-mare, Incubus.
• CATARRH, Distillation, Rheum, Defluxion.
• RHEUMATISM.
• VERTIGO, Giddiness, Swimming in the head, Dizziness, Scotomy.
• EPILEPSY, Falling-sickness.
• PALSIE, paralytic.
• NUMNESS, Stupor, asleep.
• CONVULSION.
• CRAMP, Stitch.
• RICKETS, Rachitis.
• SQUINANCY, Quinsie.

[Page 224] V. DISEA­SE [...] of the MIDDLE REGION. V. The Diseases belonging to the MIDDLE REGION and its parts, may refer either to the

• SHORTNESS OF BREATH, Anhelatio, Panting, Pursiness.
• ASTHMA, Tissick, broken-winded, wheeze.
• ORTHOPNOEA.
• CONSUMPTION, Phthisis.
• PALPITATION.
• FAINTING, Failing, languish, Qualm.
• SWOUNING, Swound, Leipothymia.

VI. DISEA­SES of the BOWELS. VI. Diseases belonging to the LOWER BELLY or Bowels, may be distinguished into such as do concern the

• CARDIALGIA, Heart-burning.
• GREEN-SICKNESS, Cachexie.
• JAUNDISE, Yellow-jaundise, Black-jaundise.
• DROPSY, hydropical.
• SCURVY, Scorbute.
• HYPOCHONDRIACAL VAPOURS, Spleneti [...] .
• COLIC, Belly-ach.
• ILIAC PASSION.
• DIARRHAEA, Lax, Looseness, Flux.
• DISENTERY, Bloody-flix.
• RUPTURE, Hernia, Burst, Broken-belly.
• HAEMORROIDS, Piles.
• HYSTERICAL PASSION, Mother.
• SUFFOCATION.

CHAP. IX. Concerning the Predicament of Action; the several kinds of it. I. Spiritual. II. Corporeal. III. Motion. IV. Operation.

NExt to the Predicament of Quality may succeed that of Action ; the several kinds of which may be distributed into such as have for their Agent a

• Spirit, or spiritual faculty, called SPIRITUAL ACTION.
• Actions of Animate bodies, called here CORPOREAL ACTION.
• Passage of bodies from one place to another, styled MOTION.
• Sundry kinds of works, about which men of several callings use to imploy themselves, styled OPERATION.

THe Genus of SPIRITUAL ACTIONS, §. I. may be distributed into such as do belong either to

• SPECULATIVE. II.
• PRACTICAL. III.

[Page 226] I. ACTIONS OF GOD. I. By ACTIONS OF GOD in this place, are meant only his transi­ent Actions, which are terminated in the Creatures. As for his immanent Actions, because we can frame no other conceptions of these but such as are sutable to the acts of our own minds, therefore may they be sufficient­ly expressed by those that follow in the next Differences. These transient Acts here enumerated, do primarily belong to the Divine Nature ; though some of them may in a secondary manner, and by way of allusion and participa­tion, be sometimes ascribed to other things: To which may be annexed upon the account of Affinity the general name of those Actions which do exceed all Natural power, MIRACLE, Wonder, supernatural.

These are distinguishable into such as do concern either the

• CREATION, Making, Creator, Creature,
• ANNIHILATION, Annul, disannul, abolish, extinguish, bring to nought, call-in, cancel, put out.
• FATE, Destiny.
• FORTVNE, Chance, Accident, Venture, Adventure, casual, [...] ap, Luck, Hazard, fortuitous, a Hit, peradventure, perhaps.
• BLESSING, Beatitude, Benediction.
• CVRSING, accurse, ban; Malediction, Execration.
• PRESERVATION, Conservation, Protection, Keeping, main­tain, save, Saviour, shelter, guard, keep, cherish.
• DESTRVCTION, Perdition, Confusion, Bane, Devastation, Loss, pernicious, subvert, undoe, ruine, confound, extirpate, abolish, bring to naught, stroy, destroy, cast away, perish, cut off, wast, con­sume, dissolve, exterminate, extinguish, fall, gone.
• DELIVERANCE, Rescue, Save-iour, Salvation, free, quit, rid, clear, exempt.
• DERELICTION, destitute, forlorn, deserting, give vp, relinquish, cast off, deliver up, forsake, leave, forgo.
• REVELATION, open, disclose, discover, Vision, Enthusiasm, Fa­natic, Oracle.
• INSPIRATION, infuse.
• REDEMPTION, deliver, save, ransom, rescue.

[Page 227] II. ACTIONS of the UNDERSTANDING and Judgment SPECULA­TIVE, Contemplation, Theory, II. SPE­CULA­TIVE A­CTIONS of the Under­standing. are such as do concern the various exercise of our Vnderstandings about the Truth and Falshood of things, with respect either to the

• THINKING, Cogitation, bethink, deem, imagin, esteem, Conceit, Notion, Thought-ful, pensive, mind it, suggest, put in ones head,
• MEDITATING, Study, considering, cast about in ones mind, muse, con­template, Elucubration, think, fore think, premeditate, ponder, extempore.
• INQUISITION, Examination, Search, Scrutiny▪ exploration, investigate, Disquisition, seek, discuss, hunt, canvase, cast water, Quest, Inquest.
• DISCOVERY, detect, find, perceive, lift out▪ pick out, Invention, excogi­tate, Author, Inventor, tell, inkling, 'tis out.
• ASSENT, Consent, accord, agree, concurr, allow, acknowledge, yield, suf­frage, Voice, Vote, of the same mind, think good.
• DISSENT, differ, disagree, of another mind, Discord.
• BELIEVING, Credit, credible, Faith, Trust.
• DISBELIEVING, Discredit, incredible, Distrust.
• KNOWING, Cognition, conscious, wist, witting, aware, privy, Intel­ligence, learn, inform, acquaint, cognizance, notice, inkling pre­science, omniscient.
• DOVBTING, misdoubt, mistrust, distrust, suspence, hanging stagger­ing, hesitate, pendulous, dubious, ambiguous, at a stand, stick at, Quandary, Scruple, Sceptic, uncertain, Apocryphal, 'tis a question.
• CERTAINTY, Assurance, sure, evince, convince, demonstrate, evi­dence, undoubted, out of doubt, without doubt, doubtless, infallible.
• OPINION, Conceit, Iudgment, Sentiment, Mind, Tenet, think, suppose, surmise, ween, overween, unanimous, likely, probable, prejudice, appre­hend, fancy, repute, deem, Verdict, Sentence, shoot ones bolt.
• REASONING, Discussing, Arguing, Ratiocination, Logic.
• CONJECTURING, Guessing, surmise, divine, mind gives, conceit, Pre­sumption, probable.
• ESTEEMING, accounting, prizing, valuing, rating, regard, respect, re­pute, count of, care for, think well of, set by, stand upon, credit, prefer.
• CONTEMNING, despising, slighting, undervaluing, disregarding, set at nought, scorn, disdain, abjectness, despicable, vilifie, disesteem, neglect, set light by, make nothing of, I pass not for it, Nickname, pish.

[Page 228] III. ACTIONS of the UNDERSTANDING and Judgment PRACTI­CAL, III. PRA­CTICAL ACTIONS of the Un­derstand­ [...] ng. do concern the enquiry after and taking notice of the Nature of things, with reference to their Goodness or Fitness to any purpose. They are distinguish­able, as the former, by their respect to the

• DELIBERATING, ponder, weigh, forecast.
• OBSERVING, advert, animadvert, give ear, attend to, heed, regard, give ones mind to, look to, mark, note, mind, pry, peep, watch, take no­tice, notable, remarkable, oversee, overlook.
• CONSIDERATION, revolve, scan, advise, forecast, recognize, premedi­tate ponder, peruse, study, recount, reflect, review, revise, weigh, bethink, consult, cast in ones mind, retrospection, ruminate.
• INVENTION, devising, excogitate, find out, make, Author.
• APPROVING, liking, allowing, think good, take well, fancy him, find a Bill, currant.
• DISAPPROVING, disliking, disallowing, disavow, mislike, condemn, explode, reprobate.
• TRUST, Confidence, betrust, entrust, rely, repose, enfeoff, recom­mend, credit, charge, rest upon.
• DISTRVST, Mistrust, Diffidence, Suspicion, Surmize, Iealousie, Vmbrage, call in question, misgive.
• SATISFACTION, Content, acquiesce, resolve.
• SCRVPLE, Doubt, dissatisfie.
• ASSURANCE, Confidence, sure, certain, resolved, secure, confirm.
• PERSWASION, think, believe.
• CONTRIVING, projecting frame, machinate, plot, forecast, cast about, or in ones mind, find a way, devise, Conveyance.
• EXPECTING, look for, wait, gaping after, mind gives me, make account, stay for, watch for.

IV. ACTI­ONS OF THE WI [...] L. IV. ACTIONS OF THE WILL. Under this Head are to be considered the

• INCLINATION, Propensity, Proclivity, Proneness, Forwardness, hankering, having a mind to, Prejudice for, bent, addicted.
• AVERSION, Prejudice against, unwillingness, coyness, stand off.
• VELLEITY, Woulding, Wishing, Desire, List, Vote, Will, Mind, Option, rather.
• NOLLEITY, Backwardness, go against, grudge, loth, Regret, Relu­ctancy, think much, rather not, unwilling, with an ill will.
• PURPOSING, Intention, Decree, destine, determine, appoint, de­sign, resolve, ordain, mean, nonce, bent, minded, set himself, set ones mind, predestinate, preordain.
• DEMURRING, hesitating, hanging, suspence, stick at, Quandary.
• RESOLUTION, Fixedness, determined.
• WAVERING, fluctuate, hanging, suspence, irresolute, staggering.
• ELECTION, chusing, select, Choice, cull, picking, prefer, set aside, Option, Pre-election, predestinate, rather.
• REIECTION, refuse, Preterition, pass by, cast off, cast aside, cast away, reprobate, repudiate, renounce, explode, out-cast:
• PROSECUTING, persevere, persist, hold on.
• DESISTING, giving off, leaving, cease, surcease, end, terminate, de­termin, stay, rest, pause, forbear, withdraw, falter, supersede, break off, go out, give over, lay aside, or down.
• DELECTATION, Fruition, Rejoycing, Ioy, Gladness, Delight, Com­fort, Complacence, Pleasure, Solace, Satisfaction, Content, placid, please, affect, acceptable, delicious, sweet, welcome.
• DISPLACENCE, Sorrow, Grief, Discomfort, unpleasant, irksom, grie­vous, Offence-ive, Disgust, Dislike, Distast, stomach, unacceptable gra­ting, malecontent.
• LIBERTY, arbitrary, free, may, may chuse.
• DETERMINATION TO ONE, must, cannot chuse but, limit, Ne­cessity.
• SPONTANEITY, of ones own accord, freely, willing, voluntary, with a good will, unbidden, gratis, ready.
• CO ACTION, Compu [...] sion, Constraint, Force, enforce, Violence, unwil­lingness, maugre, perforce, extort, wrench, wrest, in spight, will or nill, driving, pressing, bear down, over-awe.

[Page 230] V. SIMPLE PASSIONS. V. Acts of the Sensitive part, namely of the Fancy, and chiefly of the Appetite, whereby the mind is moved and disturbed with the apprehen­sions of things, are styled PASSIONS, Affection, Perturbation, pathetic.

Those amongst these are called more SIMPLE which consist onely of one single Act. They are distinguishable into such as concern things under the notion of

• ADMIRATION, marvel, wonder, amaze, astonish.
• TAEDIVM, glut, loathing, cloy, dawl, nauseate.
• FAVOUR, Benevolence, Benignity, Grace, Good will, kind propiti­ous, ingratiate, Favorite, Dilling, Well-wisher, make much of.
• MALIGNITY, Malice, Spite, Pique, Grudge, Prejudice, Despite, Discourtesie, Disfavour, sinister, virulent, malevolent, ill will, ill minded.
• LOVE, Affection, inamour, dote on smitten, amiable, besotted, amorous, dear, endear, Darling, Minion, Paramour, well-belo­ved, Likings, Fancy, Philtre.
• HATRED, Malice, Rancour, Spite, Virulence, odious, abhor, abo­minate, detest, cannot endure, Grudge, Pique, Heart-burning, can­kered, exulcerate.
• MIRTH, Glee, Solace, Chearfulness, Sport, blithe, blissom, buxom, frolick, jolly, jocund, jovial, merry, exhilarate, glad, crank, debonair, comical, pleasant, sanguin, Iubile.
• GRIEF, Sadness, Sorrow, Melancholy, Heaviness, doleful, de­plorable, disconsolate, bitter, pensive, dejected, tragical, ruful, amort, moan, bemoan, wail, bewail, lament, Dump, cast down, vex, trouble, cut, take on, whimper, pule, woe, agony, anguish, mourn, Plaint, Cry, take heavily.
• DESIRE, Affection, covet, crave, fain, long for, lust, greedy, Inclination to, hankering, wish, Concupiscence, eager, earn­est, importunate, thirst after, have a mind to.
• AVERSATION, Antipathy, Regret, Reluctancy, Distast, irksom, eschew▪ shun, avoid, abhor, loath, execrate, cannot endure, or abide,
• HOPE, Trust, Recumbency, Affiance, Rely.
• FEAR, Awe, Dread, Terrour, Horrour, Consternation, hide­ous, dismal, afraid, agast, formidable, horrible, terrible, fright, fray, terrifie, scare, startle, daunt, deterr, dismay, a­mate, appale, dare not, terrible, Bugbear, Hobgoblin.
• CONFIDENCE, Affiance, Trust, build upon, rest upon, rely, repose, secure, pert, in heart, dare, presume, take to.
• DIFFIDENCE, Suspicion, Iealousie, Mistrust, Distrust, out of heart, faint-hearted, cast down, heartless, misdoubt, mis­give.
• BOLDNESS, Courage, Audacity, daring, sturdy, hardy, stout, venturous, pert, malapert, embolden, presume.
• DESPAIR, Despondency, forlorn, hopeless, dash, cast down, deadness of heart, heartless, past hope.
• ANGER, Ire, Passion-ate, Wrath, Sharpness, Rage, Out­rage, Pett, Choler, Gall, fume, storm, fret, pelt, chafe, vex, take on, inflame, kindle, irritate, inrage, exasperate, in­cense, provoke, move, sullen, hasty, furious, outragious, mad, look big, placable, appease, stomack, Animosity, heart-burning, irascible, rough, hot, curst, snappish, snarle, snuffle.
• REVENGE, avenge, Vengeance, vindictive, wreak.

[Page 232] VI. MIXED PASSIONS, are such as do not consist of any single Act, but are made up of more then one, VI. MI­XED PASSI­ONS. to be distinguished by the Object they are conversant about, and by the Simple Passions of which they consist, into such as are

• ZEAL, ardent, Devotion, earnest, fervent, hot, warm▪ intent, eager, Zel [...] t.
• GLORYING, Triumph, Exultation, boast brag, Eravado, Rodomonta­do, Thrasonical, crack, crow, vapor, vaunt, Ostentation swagger, vain­glory, flourishing, take a pride.
• SCORN, set light by, slight, despise, contemn.
• SHAME- faced-full-less, abash, bashful, ashamed, out of countenance▪ con­found, quash, dash, Impudence, Turpitude, put to shame.
• EMULATION, vy, strive, struggle.
• JEALOUSIE, Suspicion, surmize.
• REMORSE, Compunction, Contrition, relent, beshrew, trouble of mind.
• REPENTANCE, Penitence, rue.
• INDIGNATION, Scorn, dudgeon, fume, murmure.
• DISDAIN, Scorn.
• JOY FOR THE GOOD OF OTHERS, Gratulation, congra­tulate, Sympathy.
• ENVY, Spite-full, invidious, grudge, repine, malign.
• [...] Ioy for the evil of others.
• PITTY, Compassion, commiserate, condole, relent, ruthful, tender, woful, yearn, Bowels▪ bemoan, bewail, lament, deplore, Sympathy, fellow-feeling.
• EXTASIE, Transport, Amazement, Consternation, Maze, Traunce, Ru­pture, ravish, astonish, extatical.

BY CORPOREAL ACTIONS are meant such Actions whose Agent is a Body or Material substance. §. II. They are distinguishable into such as are

• VEGETATIVES. I.
• SENSITIVES. II.
• RATIONALS. III.
• Outward SIGNS OF PASSION. IV.
• GENERAL Notions belonging to DEMEANOUR. V.
• Common with them to other things, to which by Analogy they are ascribed, the different kinds of GESTURE. VI.

I. Corporeal ACTIONS belonging chiefly to VEGETATIVE Bodies, I. AC­TIONS VEGE­TA­TIVE. may be distinguished into such as are either.

• GENERATION, get, beget, procreate, propagate, breeding, engender, Gene­sis.
• CORRVPTION, Dissolution, consume [...] tion.
• IMPREGNATION, beget, pregnant, breeding, teeming, conceived, get with child, big, great with child, or egg.
• CONCEPTION, with child, Superfetation.
• PARTURITION, Bearing, Birth, Nativity, bringing forth, travail, groning, in labour, lying in, Child-birth, ea [...] ing, farrowing, kindling, foling, whelping, deliver, Midwife, brought to bed, cry out, lay egg.
• ABORTION, miscarry, Mischance, cast young, Castling, untimely birth, Slink, still-born.
• FOTION, cherishing, foster, foment, brood, Incubation, hatching.
• LACTATION, giving suck, suckle,
• FEEDING, living upon, Aliment, Food.
• DIGESTING, Concoction, put over.
• NOURISHING, Nutrition, maintain, Nutriment.
• GROWING, come up, increase, improve, thrive, Spring, Proficient
• LIVING, Life, quick, alive, enliven, vivifie, revive, survive. vital, Resurrection.
• DYING, Death, dead-ly, mortal, fatal, dy, decease, depart, expire, give up the ghost, defunct, kill, slay, mortifie, dispatch, Slaughter, Mortality, capital.

[Page 234] II. AC­TIONS SENSI­TIVE. II. Corporeal ACTIONS belonging to SENSITIVE Bodies, may be di­stinguished into such as are either

• HUNGER, Appetite, Stomach, eager, greedy, ravenous, Famine, sharp-set.
• EATING, devour, gorging, fall to, Meal, Repast, Refection, Food, Meat, Aliment, edible, Viands, Victuals, fall to ones Meat.
• THIRST, dry.
• DRINKING, Potion, potulent, potable, quaff, soop, soaking, lap, swill, carouse, sip, tipple, bibble, guzzle, Draught, Drench, Water, Butler, Buttery, Cellar.
• DROWSINESS, Heaviness.
• SLEEPING, asleep, dormant, a Nap, lull, Slumber, narcotic, roost.
• WAKING, awake, watch, Reveiles, raise from sleep.
• LUST, Salacity, Lechery, Venery, Concupiscence, libidinous, carnal, fleshly, blissom, clicket, proud.
• COITION, coupling, gendring, lie with, know carnally, Copulation, rutting, tread, venery
• SCRATCHING, Scraping, clawing, Scalping-iron.
• AKING, Ach.
• PRICKING, Crick, pungent, sharp, Stitch.
• TICKLING, Titillation.
• SMARTING, piercing.
• TWITCHING, Vellication, Pinching.

[Page 235] III. The Corporeal ACTIONS peculiar to Men, III. ACTI­ONS PECU­LIAR TO MEN. or the several wayes of expressing their mental Conceptions, are either by

• SPEAKING, talk, utter-ance, mentioning, Elocution, pronounce, express, deliver, Prolation, Spokes-man, effable, voluble, fluent, say, tell, mutter, mumble, jabber, jargon, vein, Grammar, Rhetoric, Ora­tory, Eloquence, Prolocutor, nuncupative, by word of mouth.
• MVTENESS, dumb, speechless, silent, blank, tongue-tied.
• STUTTERING, Stammering, falter, hammer.
• WHISPERING, mutter, round in the ear.
• EXCLAMATION, Acclamation, hollow, hoot, hoop, shout, baul, cla­mor, cry, Lure, Out-cry, roar, screech, scream, squeak, squeal, loud, lift up ones voice, set out ones throat.
• READING, Lecture, Lesson, legible, peruse.
• SINGING, Song, Ditty, Ballad, Carol, Canticle, Lay, Ode, Madrigal, Eclogue, canorous, Modulation, chant, Chorister, Quire:
• CHIRPING, questing, quittle.
• DICTATING, prompting, suggest.
• WRITING, penning, drawing, engrossing, Hand, Manuscript, subscribe, superscribe, inscribe, transcribe, Postscript, interline, indorse, scrawle, scrible, rude draught, Pen-man, Scribe, Writer, Scrivener, Secretary, Clerk, Note, Ticket, Docket, Short-hand, Tachygraphy, Brachygraphy, Cryptography, set ones hand, set down, take or put in writing, en­ter into book, write out fair.
• PRINTING, Imprint, Impression, typographical, Type, Press, put in Print.

[Page 236] IV. SIGNS OF PAS [...] I­ONS. IV. The OUTWARD SIGNS OF our inward PASSIONS, are ei­ther

• MOVING THE BROWS.
• SMILING, sm [...] rking, snearing, simper :
• LOWRING, powting, scowling, frowning, grinning, look sowre.
• LAUGHING, deride, ridiculous, giggle, chuckle, tihi, flicker.
• WEEPING, mourn, cry, Tears, wailing, Plaint, bemoan, bewail, la­ment, blubber, shed tears, whining.
• MOVING THE HEAD, Nodd.
• TREMBLING, quaking, shaking, shudering, Trepidation, qui­vering, shiver, quaver, chatter.
• RIGOR, Horrour, Stifness.
• SIGHING, Sobbing.
• SVCKING up the breath, sniff.
• SPANISH SHRUG.
• BLUSHING, flush.
• PALENESS, wan, ghastly, pallid, appale.

[Page 237] V. The general notions belonging to DEMEANOUR, Carriage, V. DEMEA­NOUR. Comportment, Deportment, Garb, behave, or the manner of our conversing towards one another in respect of such Corporeal Actions as either custom or common opinion hath put a decency and fitness upon, are con­siderable; either according to the

• VISITING, go to see.
• WAITING, Attend-ance, serve, Retinue, Train, Valet, Page, Lac­quey, stay for, tarry for, tend.
• ADDRESSING, accost.
• ENTERTAINING, treat, entreat, usage, reception, welcome.
• SALUTATION, caressing, accost, greet, hail, commendations.
• CONGEEING, cringe, duck, make a leg, crouch.
• CURCHEEING, Genuflexion.
• SHAKING HANDS.
• EMBRACING, clasping, clip, coll, grasp, hug, twine.
• KISSING, Smack.
• COMPLEMENTING, Courtliness, Caressing.
• CONFERRING, commune, parley, talk, treat, speak with, Dia­logue.
• SALVEDICTION, accost, greet, hail.
• VALEDICTION, adieu, farwell, take leave.

[Page 238] VI. GE­STURE. VI. GESTURE, Action, Behaviour, Gesticulation, Mimic, doth denote such an Animal action or motion as alters the situation of the whole or parts of the body: To which the word POSTURE, Position, may be annexed by way of affinity; signifying the situation in which such moti­on is determined. The several kinds of these Gestures and Postures (which are applicable likewise to inanimate things) do refer either to the weights being incumbent upon something.

• RISING, arise, raise, rouse, ly up, sit up, stand up, rear, elevate, lift up, erect, exalt, Resurrection
• STANDING, Station-ary, Footing, Perch, Rampant,
• STRETCHING, retching, extending, Distention, Expansion, produce, sprein, strein, draw out.
• SPREAD, square.
• SHRINKING, contracting, Coar [...] tation, couch, gather up.
• CRUMPLE, snudge.
• STOOPING, crouch, bow, bend, couring.
• LEANING, lolling, Recumbency, stay or rest upon▪
• SITTING, set, sedentary, seat
• SATE, squat.
• KNEELING, Genuflexion, fall on knees.
• FALLING, fell, cast down, sink.
• LYING, Prostration, groveling, lay, along, all along, flat, level, couch.
• REVERSE, inverted.
• HANGING, pendent, suspended, dangling.

THat Action whereby things do pass from one place to another is styled MOTION, move, remove, stir,, wag, shake, quetch, shog, jog, start, jerk, §. III. budge, dislodge, flitting, shuffle, shuttle, rummage, agitation, going, passing, transferr, place, make a stirr.

REST, Quiet, still, unmoved, repose, sedate, settle, stand, stay, stand or ly still, Requiem, ease, Pause, acquiesce, settle, sit, lodge, lull, Sabbath, dead of the night, take rest.

By the word Motion here is meant Local Motion, which doth alwayes ac­company Corporeal Action, upon which account many of the Species under this Head might, if there were convenient room for them, be reckoned under the former; but their places here may serve sufficiently to express and distin­guish them. This Local Motion of bodies may be distinguished into

• Of the whole ; more
• General, respecting the Kinds of Animal PROGRESSIVE MOTION. I.
• Particular, referring to the VARIOUS NOTIONS OF GOING. II.
• More largely ; as belonging to ANIMAL ACTION IN COMMON. III
• PURGATION. IV.
• EXERCISE. V.
• VIOLENT MOTION according to the several kinds of it. VI.

I. Kinds of ANIMAL PROGRESSION, I. ANI­MAL PRO­GRES­SION. may refer either to

• GOING, gressive, a Step, Pace, Gate.
• HALTING, Cripple, lame, limp, hobble, foundred.
• FLYING, fluttering, soar, volatile, toure.
• DIVING, duck, plunge.
• SWIMMING, launch.
• LEAPING, skipping, jump, frisk, spring, caper, curvet, bound.
• CREEPING, crawl, sprawl, reptile.
• WRIGLING, insinuate, scrue or wind himself in.

Though each of these Motions do principally belong to such kinds of li­ving Creatures, yet are they not so to be restrained to them but that they may be truly ascribed to others.

[Page 240] II. MODES OF GO­ING. II. The several MODES OF GOING; may be distinguished into

• WALKING, Ambulation, Procession, Perambulation, go, wade, Ford, waddle, Lacquey, Path, foot it, trip along.
• RUNNING, galloping, Career, Course, Race, start, Goal, outstrip, Foot­man.
• AMBLING, pacing, thorough-paced.
• TROTTING, prancing.
• STALKING, jetting▪ strutt, portly going.
• STRADLING, stride, a-stride, div [...] ricate.
• STAGGERING, reeling, Vacillation, Tottering.
• SLIDING, glide, slipping.
• STUMBLING, Titubation, blunder, falter, lapse, slip, trip.
• CLIMBING, clambering, foaling.
• RIDING, being horsed or mounted, taking horse, Post-ilion.
• SAILING, Navigation, Voiage, launch, take water or ship, embark, wast

III. Animal MOTIONS belonging to the various parts, III. MO­TIONS OF THE PARTS. are either

• PULSE, throb, beat.
• PERISTALTIC.
• RESPIRATION, breathing, fetch wind, draw breath, take breath.
• SNORTING, snoring.
• BLOWING, puffing, blast.
• SVCTION, supping▪ sip, soop, drawing, emulgent, snuff up.
• HICCOUGH, Yex.
• MASTICATION, chewing, champ, gnawing, browzing, mumble.
• RUMINATION, chewing the cud.
• YAWNING, gape, Oscitation, gasp.
• PANDICULATION, retching, stretching.
• LICKING, lap, slap.
• SWALLOWING, gulp, ingurgitate, devour, pouch, gobble.

IV. Those kinds of Actions whereby several Animals do cast off such excrementitious parts as are offensive to nature are styled PURGATION, voiding, evacuating, Excrement, fluxing : IV. PUR­GATION. to which may be opposed the Notion of BINDING, costive, styptic, restringent, astringent.

These Motions may be distinguished by the kinds of parts so amoved; either the more

• SNEEZING, neeze, Sternutation.
• BELCHING, parbreak, breaking wind upwards.
• FARTING, breaking wind downwards, Scape.
• SWEATING, Exudation, diaphoretic, sudorific, all in a water.
• TRANSPIRATION, breathing, Evaporation, Effluvium, Perspiration.
• SPITTING, Salivate [...] ion, Spittle, bespit, spawl, bespawl, slaver, drivel, Flux.
• BLOWING THE NOSE, mucous, Snivel, Snot.
• EXCREATION, haking, hemming.
• BLEEDING, opening a Vein, Phlebotomy, let bloud, draw blood, Lancet.
• SCARIFYING, lance.
• BLISTERING, Vesication, caustic.
• URINING, piss, make water, hold ones water, stale, diuretic, Diabetes, Dysury.
• VOMITING, spewing, casting, disgorging, puke, regurgitate, retching.
• DUNGING, purging by siege, going to stool, scour, Draught, Lask, laxative, Loosness, muting, soluble, solutive, Muck, Ordure, Siege, Stool, Sir-reverence, excrement, easment, ease the belly, Iakes, Privy, House of office..

V. By RECREATION, Diversion, Pastime, Sport, Exercise, V. RE­CREATI­ON. are meant those several kinds of Actions which are used for divertisement or Exercise : to which may be annexed the word GAME, Play, Prize, signifying such kind of Exercises, wherein there is an en­deavour for Mastery. These are either of the

• LOT, Sortition, Cuts, Ballot, cast or draw Lots.
• DICE, a Dy, cock-all, rifle.
• BALLING, Tennis, Foot ball, Stool-ball, Sto-Ball. Pel-mel.
• DANCING, Masking, Revels, a Ball, Morice, Mumming.
• WRESTLING, grapling, strugling, striving, handy gripes, strike up ones heels.
• FENCING, Gladiator, Tilting, Tournament, justling, play at weapon or foils.
• SIGHTS, Shews, Theatre, Amphitheatre, Pageants, Spectacle.
• MUSIC, Serenade, strein, aer, tune, prelude, Waits, Crowd, Fiddle-er, Minstrel, play on an Instrument.

[Page 242] VI. The general kinds of VIOLENT MOTION, may be distributed according to the effects upon the thing moved, VI. VIOLENT MOTION. into such as denote

• CARRYING, bring, convey, bear, serve, import, waft, weare about one, portable, portage, porter, baggage, vehicle, fare, beer, packhorse.
• BEARING, supporting, sustain, hold up, prop, shore up, stay up, up­hold, carry, stand under, shoulder up, bolster up.
• CASTING, throwing, fling, hurl, project, inject, eject, ding, pelt, toss, coit, sling.
• CATCHING, apprehend, lay hold, snatch, lay hands on, grapple, graspe, scamble.
• SWINGING, Vibration, waving, brandish, agitate, exagitate, to and fro, flourish, rock, sway, dangling, pendulous, wield.
• SHAKING, Quassation, Concussion, jogging, agitate, dandle, wag, swag, sway, jolt, totter, flutter, shatter, waving.
• STRIKING, Percussion, smite, bang, beat, bast, buffet, cuff, dash, hit, swinge, thump, thwack, Blow, Stripe, slap, flap, rap, tap, kick, wince, spurn, bob, box, fillip, whirret, yerke, pummel, punch, rebuff, repercus­sion, collision, gnash, skittish, interfere, let fly at,
• KNOCKING, beating, Blow, butt, Mallet, battering, jobbing, Ramm.
• POUNDING, braying, Contusion, stamp.
• PECKING, Mattock, Pick-ax.
• BREAKING, Fracture, Rupture, burst, Crack, Crash, Squash, Dash, Flaw, Shatter, shiver, crumble.
• TEARING▪ torn, dilacerate, rend, rent, ragged, tattered, flittered, jagged, pull in pieces.
• CUTTING, Incision gash, slash, hack, hew, chop, rip, chip, snip, slice, section, segment, carve, dissect, whittle, barb, pare, top, lop, curtail, dock, sharpe, keen, Hatchet, Pole-ax.
• PRICKING, stabbing, Goad, pungent, runn in thrust in, goar.

THe sundry kinds of works about which men of several Callings use to imploy themselves, §. IV. are usually styled by the name of

• OPERATION, Labor-ious, Pains, Travail, Toil, moil, Turmoile, drudg, droil, work, handy-work, Ply, cooperate, take pains, lay about him.
• PLAY, Sport, lusory, dally.
• MECHANICAL FACULTIES. I.
• MIXED MECHANICAL Operations. II.
• Food, AGRICULTURE. III.
• Houses, or Utensils, FABRILE Arts IV.
• Clothing, SARTORIAN Trades V.
• Physic, CHYMICAL, Pharmaceutical Operations. VI.

I. OPERATIONS belonging to the MECHANICAL Faculties, I. MECHA­NICAL O­PERATI­ONS. are ei­ther such as do refer to the

• LIFTING, heave, hoise, advance, elevate, exalt, Lever, Crow, Crane.
• DEPRESSING, strein, stress, weigh down.
• LIBRATING, balancing.
• BIASSING, preponderate.
• CLEAVING, rive, slit, sp [...] it, Cle [...] t, Chink, Chap, Crevise.
• COMPRESSING, crib, gripe, pinching, press, squeezing, straining, wring, nip, twing throng, crowd, crush, Constipation, bulge.
• PULLING, pluck, tow, tug, lugg, twing, twitch, draw, drag, Draught, hale, Revulsion, vellication, distract.
• THRVSTING, push, shove, drive, rush, justle, repell, extrude, intrude, press, throng, crowd, cramm. farce, wedge in, vennue, run at, foin at.
• VERTIGINATING, turning round, Revolution, wheeling, Rotation, twirl, whirl, spinn, role round.
• VOLUTATION, tumbling, rolling, wallow, welter, rock, trundle, waddle.
• SCREWING, Winch.
• SYRINGING, squirting, spirt, spouting.
• SPRINGING, elastical, fillip.
• BENDING, bow, warp, crooke.

[Page 244] II. Those are styled MIXED MECHANICAL OPERATIONS, which are not appropriate to any one kind of Art, II. MIXED MECHANI­CAL OPE­RATIONS. but are general and common to many. These do concern the.

• BINDING, gird, Band, Bond, Bundle, Packet, Fardle, sheafe, faggot, tack, lace, swaddle, swa [...] hing, trussing, girt, surcingle.
• LOOSENING, unbind, undoe, solve, lax, slack▪ relaxation.
• TYING, Knot, Node, bracing, buckling, coupling fastning, knit, furling.
• TANGLING, entangle, hamper, ravel, perplex, snarled, felter, in­tricate, involved, Intrigues, extricate, complicate, insnare, Laby­rinth.
• COVERING, heal, Veil, shroud, hide, whelm, stop, Canopy, Hood, Lid, palliate, cloake, overlay, overrun, overshadow.
• VNCOVERING, open, expose, discover, shew, reveal, naked, unmask, unveil.
• SHUTTING, stop, close, inclosing, immure, exclude, seclude, recluse, obstruct, Wink, fold up, pinn vp, sowe up, seal up, corke up, lute up, lock up, put to the door.
• OPENING, breaking up, disclose, display, Expansion, gap, Slade, Aper­ture, unstop, expose, lay or set open.
• GATHERING, Collect-ion, assemble, convene, compile, levy, raise men or money, Receiver, rake or scrape together, rally, glean, pick up.
• SCATTERING, discuss, disperse, dissipate, sprinkle, strew, inspersion.
• HEAPING, accumulate, amass, lay up, stow, pile, Stack, Mow, Cock, Rick, Shock, Drift, Dunghill, mixen.
• SPREADING, diffuse, Expansion, display, Suffusion, strew, run, plash, lay cloth.
• FILLING, replenish, Repletion, full, plenary, sated, stow, cram, stuff, farse, recruit.
• EMPTYING, evacuate, vacant, Vacuity, rid, void, exhaust, Chasm, clear, lanke, lave, draw dry.
• POURING, Effusion, Infusion, gush, guggling, yewer, Tunnel.
• SPILLING, shedding, run out, s [...] eth over.

[Page 245] III. OPERATIONS belonging to AGRICULTURE, III. AGRI­CULTURE. do concern either

• DIGGING, delve, break up, spit, spade.
• PLOWING, tilling, breaking up, coulter, share.
• MANURING, cultivate, dunging, marling, soiling, Tilth, culture.
• SOWING, seminate.
• REAPING, mowing, Crop, Harvest, Sithe, Sickle, stubble, swarth.
• THRESHING, Flail.
• WINNOWING, Fan, Ventilation.
• PLANTING, implant.
• GRAFTING, ingraft, Imp.
• INOCOLATING.
• PRUNING, dressing, cutting, coping.
• FELLING, grubb, wood-fall.

[Page 246] IV. By FABRILE OPERATIONS, ( Smith, Carpenter, Mason, &c.) are meant all such kind of works as do primarily concern our Houses or Utensils, IV. FA­BRILE OPE­RATIONS. whether for necessity, or ornament: to which may be adjoyn­ed those Operations which concern the making of Earthen ware, styled FIGULATORY, Potter. These are distinguishable into such as denote

• SHAVING, scraping, raze, razour.
• CONTUSION, bruising, pounding, stamping, braying, morter, pestle,
• GRINDING, attrition, Grist, Querne, Mill.
• FILING, Raspe.
• BORING, perforate, foraminate, pierce, Bodkin, Dril, Awle, Gimlet, Wimble, Trepann, Awgre.
• SAWING, Saw, whipsaw, &c.
• SODERING, Cement, luting.
• GLUING, cementing, glutinous, conglutinate.
• CASTING, melt, founding, fusile, molde.
• CARVING, Sculpture.
• GRAVING, ingrave, etching.
• KNEADING, moulding, plastic.
• TURNING, Lath.
• PAINTING, limn, draw, enamel, fucus, pensil.
• VARNISHING, size.

[Page 247] V. SARTORIAN OPERATIONS do concern either the V. SARTO­RIAN OPE­RATIONS.

• TWISTING, tortion, wreath, writhing, twine, winding.
• SPINNING, Spinster, Rock, Distaff.
• WEAVING, Texture, Contexture, Loom, Web, braid, woven, Hur­dle, Shuttle, Wicker, Matt.
• FULLING, milling, Fuller.
• DYING, stain, Tincture, tinge, in grain.
• SOWING, Stitch, Seam-ster, Suture, Welt, Needle, dearn, quilt, draw cloth, rip.
• CLIPPING, Scissors, shear, shorn, cut.
• FOLDING, wrap, lap, pleit, clinching, clutching, doubling, invelop.
• CURLING, crisping, frizling, furling.
• WASHING, scouring, Lotion, rince, Laver, Laundress, gargling.
• SMEARING, daubing, anoint, ointment, Vnction, greaze, chrism ; and many with [ be ] as bespaul, spit, spue, sprinkle.
• SOAKING, steeping, embrewing, macerating, watering Land, &c. bathing, imbibe, sinke, sop, brewis, embrew.
• INFUSION, watering Fish, &c. macerate, Decoction, impregnate.
• RUBBING, scrape, Friction, Frication, scrub, chafe, Attrition, fret, gall, scowr, taw, grate.
• WIPING, stroke, terse, handkerchief, towel, napkin.
• BRUSHING, sweeping, Beesom, Whisk, Brush, Broom, Maukin.
• COMBING, carding, currying.

[Page 248] VI. By CHYMICAL OPERATIONS are meant such kind of works as tend to the changing of bodies, VI. CHYMI­CAL OPE­RATIONS. with respect to the Position and Figure of their minuter parts. By this, amongst other ends, Medicaments are u­sually prepared; for which reason, those kind of Operations styled PHARMACEUTICAL, belonging to the Apothecary, may be hereunto annexed.

The Operations belonging to this Head, do concern the changing and preparing of Bodies; either by

• SIFTING, bolting, Sieve, siercing, ranging.
• DISSOLUTION, melt, liquefie dissolve, thaw, fusil, flux, run about.
• COAGVLATION, congealing, Clod, Curd, Gelly, Clot-tered, Gore, Concretion, grumous.
• CORROSION, eating, fretting, gnawing, caustic.
• PRECIPITATION, settling.
• STRAINING, Percolation, squeeze, Colender.
• FILTRATION, filtre.
• FERMENTATION, work, fret, Leven, Yeast, Barm, Rennet.
• DISTILLATION, Still, Limbeck, cohobation.
• RECTIFYING.
• CHARRING, chark, Tinder.
• SUBLIMING, Sublimation.
• CALCINATION.
• LIXIVIATION, deliquiate, Lye, Buck.

CHAP. X. Concerning Relation more private, namely, I. Oeconomical or Family Relation, together with the several kinds of things relating to those in that capacity, either as, II. Possessions; or, III. Provisions.

THE Species of Relation are the most numerous amongst the Tables of Accidents, by reason of their mixed natures, comprehending both Substances, Qualities and Actions, as they are circumstantiated by some pe­culiar respects, according to which they are here considered.

More private Relation may be distinguished into such as denote; either

• Those Personal respects or Actions, which belong to the first kind of Asso­ciation of Men into Families; called OECONOMICAL RELATION.
• POSSESSIONS.

THat respect wherein one man may stand to another, according to the first and most natural kind of association of men into Families, §. I. is styled OECONOMICAL RELATION, Family, Houshold, domestic, menial, House, Home.

The Notions belonging to this Head, may be distinguished into such as sig­nifie; either

• CONSANGUINITY. I.
• AFFINITY. II.
• SUPERIORITY, or Inferiority. III.
• EQUALITY. IV.

I. Those who partake of the same Bloud, I. CON­SANGUI­NITY. are styled Relations of CON­SANGUINITY, Kin, kindred, Bloud, House, Stem, Stock.

These are distinguishable into such as are; either more

• PROGENITOR, Ancestor, Forefather, Extraction, Parentage, Elders, Pedegree, Genealogy.
• DESCENDANT, Lineage, Off-spring, Race, Issue, Progeny, Generation, Po­sterity, Stock, Breed, Kind, Extraction, Stem, spring from.
• PARENT, Sire, Father, Mother, Dam, paternal, maternal, Grandsire, &c. Orphan.
• CHILD, Issue, Son, Daughter, Brood, Litter, filial, adopt, Posthume.
• UNCLE, Aunt.
• NEPHEW, Niece.
• BROTHER, Sister-hood.
• HALF BROTHER.
• FIRST COSIN, - German.

[Page 250] II. Those respects which do either refer unto or arise from a state of Marriage, II. AFFINI­TY. whereby persons are mutually ingaged to Fidelity and Con­stancy, are styled Relations of AFFINITY, Alliance, Kindred.

These are distinguishable into such as do concern either

• COELEBS, Single life, Bachelour, Damosel, Maid.
• VIRGIN, Maid.
• SUTER, Paramor, Sweet-heart, Mistress, Servant, woo, canvase court, make love ▪
• RIVAL, Corrival, Competitor.
• BETROTHED, contracted, Spouse, espouse, Affiance, sure.
• MARRIED, Matrimony, Wed-ding, Match, Mate, nuptial, conjugal, Husband, Wife, Yoke-fellow, Spouse, Bride-groom, Bains, Dower, Bygamy, Polygamy, Hymen, Epithalamium.
• WIDOWER, Dowager, Relict, Iointer.

III. SUPERI­ORITY. III. Relations of SUPERIORITY, Betters, and INFERIORITY, Vnderlings, do originally belong to Families, in which was the first kind of Government, and from thence are derived all the secondary Relati­ons which follow; respecting either

• GODFATHER, Godmother, Gossip, stand for.
• FOSTERER, Nurse, educate.
• TEACHER, Master, Tutor, institute, instruct, inform, indoctrinate, Doctrine, Document, docil, Lecture, Lesson, train, discipline, enter, read to, Rabbi.
• LEARNER, Apprentice, Disciple, Pupil, Scholar, Puny, Neophyte, young beginner, Student.
• GUARDIAN, Tutor, Tuition.
• PUPIL, Minority, Ward-ship, under-age, non-age.
• MASTER OF THE FAMILY, House-wife, Good man of the house.
• DOMESTIC, of the houshold, menial.
• HOST, Landlord, boord, tabling, sojourn, entertain, Inn, Hospi­tality, Inholder.
• GVEST, Boorder, Sojourner, quarter, lodge, lie, tabling, at livery.
• MASTER, Lord, Sir, Mistress, Dame, Madam, Lady ▪
• SERVANT, Servitor, Minister, Man, Maid, Handmaid, servile, ad­minister, Hind, Iourneyman, Prentice, Waiter, Lacquey, Footman, Page, Livery.
• BENEFACTOR, Courtesie, Kindness, Favour, Service, Good turn, Pleasure, gratifie, oblige, ingage, good office, Patron.
• BENEFICIARY, beholding, bound, obliged, ingaged humble Servant.
• PATRON- age, support, dedicate.
• DEPENDANT, Retainer, Cadet, Client, Follower, Retinue, wait.

IV. Relations of EQUALITY or Fellowship (as was said concerning those of the former Difference) do originally belong to persons in an Oeconomical capacity; IV. EQUALI­TY. though they are not in the strictest sense to be so confined, but they are likewise applicable to persons upon other con­siderations.

These are founded; either upon

• FRIEND- ship, Confident, Privado, intimate, all one, being in with, Amity, amicable, befriend, great with, strike in with, kind▪ attone.
• ENEMY, Adversary, Foe, Antagonist, Opposite, Opponent, Feud, Hostility, Odds, Spite, Enmity, being out with, fall out with, adverse party.
• COMPANION, Compeer, Associate, Fellow, Match, Mate, Consort, So­ciety, Sociable-ness, Comrade, Collegue, Complice, Concomitant, Gossip, associate, accompany, Crew, Gang, keep company with.
• SOLITARY, lonesom, alone, onely, recluse, sole, single, Solitude, by it self, retired, desolate, several, aside.
• NEIGHBOUR, adjacent, vicinity.
• FOREINER, Alien, exotic, extraneous, peregrine, outlandish.
• ACQUAINTANCE, Familiar-ity, conversant.
• STRANGER, strange, alienate, unacquainted, uncouth, alien.
• PARTNER, Copartner, Partizan, Sharer, impart, joyn, commu­nicate, Communion, halves, joynt-stock, partake.

[Page 252] V. The chief Oeconomical Duties (which are likewise applicable to other Relations) are those which concern the due Government of per­sons in this capacity, V. EDUCA­TION speci­ally relating to WORDS. chiefly of the inferiour and younger sort, styled by the general name of EDUCATION, institute, train, breed, bring up, semi­nary.

Education Duties consisting in WORDS do respect either

• COMMAND, require, bid, impose, charge, injoyn, exact, appoint, prescribe, Mandate, Precept, Injunction, Commandment, Impe­rative, Warrant, will.
• FORBID, Prohibit-ion, interdict, inhibit, barr, contraband, coun­termand.
• PERSUADE, exhort, suasory, move, press, win, cajole, Motive, Inducement, ductile, exorable, pliable, flexible, draw in, Elo­quence.
• DISSVADE, dehort.
• INTREAT, beseech, pray, desire, crave, ask, petition, supplicate, Postulation, invite, implore, Obtestation, Obsecration, request, sue, supplicate, solicit, press, urge, instant, Importunity, conjure, exorable, inexorable.
• ADVISE, counsel, consult, wish one.
• WARN, admonish, Monition, advertise, Caution, Item, Precaution, premonish, notifie, Proviso, Caveat, forewarn.
• ALLURE, tempt, tice, entice, till, drill, inveigle, move, draw, lull, lure, lead, tole, train, egg on, win, trepan, bait, stale.
• DETERR, dishearten, fright.
• THREATEN, Commination, menace, denounce▪
• COMMEND, applaud, extoll, magnifie, hem, recommend.
• REPREHEND, reprove, rebuke, chide, blame, check, snib, quip, rate, rattle, controll, take up, shent, find fault, shrive, Redarguti­on, culpable, Satyr, scold.
• PRAISE, Fame, Glory, Renown, Encomium, extol, exalt, laudable, plausible, applaud, commend, Doxology, Panegyric.
• DISPRAISE, discommend.

[Page 253] VI. Oeconomical Duties of EDUCATION consisting chiefly in DEEDS, VI. EDUCA­TION DEEDS. may be distinguished into such as are either

• DIRECT, steer, guide, lead, govern.
• SEDVCE, tempt, err-or, astray, mislead, deceive, delude, pervert, be­guile, debauch, inveigle, Mistake, Oversight, Fallacy, Sophistry, draw in, lead aside, Fools Paradice.
• INCOURAGE, animate, hearten, comfort, solace, abett, back, cheer, cherish, countenance, set on, stand by, patronize, quicken, excite.
• DISCOVRAGE, dishearten, disanimate, weaken, discomfort, baulk, daunt, droop, quail, out of heart, crest-faln, exanimate.
• COMFORT, Consolation, solace.
• DISCOMFORT, disconsolate, uncomfortable.
• MAINTAIN, sustain, support, find, keep, provide for, Subsistence, Livelihood.
• STIPENDATE, Allowance, Exhibition, Pension, Annuity, Scho­larship.
• DEFENDING, standing to or by one, guard, ward, preserve, shelter, protect, save, fence, keep, tutelary.
• DESERTING, leave, destitute, forsake, quit, flinch, relinquish.
• CORRECTING, chastising, discipline, inflict.
• GIVING OVER, leave.
• REFORM, reclaiming, mend, convert, correct.
• HARDEN, incorrigible, indurate, obdurate, seared.

§. II. BY OECONOMICAL POSSESSIONS. Estate, Goods, Substance, Stock, Ability, Chattels, hold, injoy, seized of, occupy, indow, in hand enter upon, are intended such kinds of things as are necessary upon several accounts for the use, preservation, and well-being of a Family. And though divers of these things, as Land, Buildings, &c. be common as well to Political and Ecclesiastical Bodies, yet do they (as was said before) originally belong to Families, to which all other Associations were subsequent, and in which they were founded. To this may be adjoyned that other Notion signify­ing the benefit accruing to us by our Possessions, styled REVENUE, In­come, Intrado, Patrimony, Rent, Profit, Endowment, Steward, Fee, Vails, Perqui­sites, the proceed.

These Possessions do refer either to things

• Natural, as LAND. I.
• GREATER. III.
• LESSER. IV.
• CARRIAGE. V.
• FURNITURE, Vtensils. VI.

I. Possessions of LANDS. I. That part of the Earth wherein any man hath a propriety, is styled LAND, Earth. And if he commonly resides upon it, 'tis called his DWEL­LING, Habitation, Mansion, Home, inhabit, reside, Inmate, Desert, Wilderness, Solitude, abide, settle, stay.

The several Notions belonging to this, may be distinguished into such as signifie

• FARM, Grange, Mesuage, Tenement, Tenant, Copyhold.
• MANOR, Lordship, Village, Thorp, Homage, Tithing, Liberty.
• FIELD, Grounds, Croft.
• FORREST, Chase, Verderer, Purliew.
• ORCHARD, Nursery.
• ARABLE, tilled Land, ear Land, Fallow▪ Lay Land.
• MEDOW, Mead.
• PASTURE, Down, Lawn, Herbage, Hayward, Lease, Panage.
• PARK, Warren, Paddock, Keeper.
• POND▪ Stew.
• WOODS, Sylvan, Thicket, Cops, Grove.
• MOOR, plashy, slabb.
• BOGG, Quagmire, Slough, Fastness.

II. Those kinds of Helps or Contrivances whereby men preserve the Pla­ces of their abode from the Injuries of Weather, II. BUILD­INGS. and other Inconvenien­cies, are styled by the common name of BUILDINGS, Edifice, Structure, Fabric, erect, Architecture, Superstructure, Substruction.

To which may be opposed the Notion of buildings decayed, called RUINS, dilapidate, demolish, raze, Dissolution, Wrack, Rubble, Rubbish, fall, break, subvert, throw down, lay wast.

These may be distinguished, according to their Uses, into such as are for

• HOUSE, Mansion, Mesuage, Cote, Cottage, Hut, Shed, Hovel, Lodge, Place, domestic, Ining.
• TENT, Tabernacle, Pavilion, Booth, Bowre.
• PALACE, Seraglio.
• CASTLE, Cittadel.
• TOWER, Turret.
• STEEPLE, Pinnacle, Shaft, Spire.
• TEMPLE, Church, Chappel, Sanctuary, Synagogue, Mosque, Cathe­dral, Chancel, Quire.
• STOVE, Hot house.
• BATH, Stew, Bain, drencht.
• BRIDGE, Pontage.
• SCAFFOLD, Stage.
• STREET, Piazza, Lane, Ally.
• WAY, Rode, Causway, Course, Avenue, convey, egress, Ally, Path, Pass­age.
• VAULT, Grott.
• AQUAEDUCT, Conduit, Water-course.
• SINK, Sewer, Kennel.

[Page 256] III. Greater parts of BUILD­INGS. III. To the GREATER PARTS OF which BUILDINGS do con­sist, and into which they may be distributed, may be adjoyned that usu­al kind of division styled BAY.

• FRAME, Compages, Skeleton.
• PARTITION, Wall.
• ROOM, Chamber, Cabbin, Cell, Hall, Parlour, &c. Kennel, Sty, Stable, &c. Lobby, Loft, &c.
• COURT, Yard, Back-side.
• ENTRY, Passage, enter.
• FOUNDATION, Ground-work, Substruction, Base, Bottom, fundamental, underpinning, ground-pinning.
• FLOOR, Ground, Deck, Contignation.
• PILLAR, Column, Post, Iambe, Pile, Pillester.
• BEAM, Sparr, Rafter, Mantle, Transom, Summer.
• WALL, Sepiment, immure, countermure, mural
• ARCH, Vault, embowed.
• PROP, till, support, uphold, stay up, shore up, shoulder up, under-prop, under-set.
• ROOF, Covering, Tilt, Penthouse, Leads, Thatch, Tiling, Slate, Shingles.
• CHIMNEY, Tunnel, Mantle.

IV. Lesser parts of BUILD­INGS. IV. LESSER PARTS OF BUILDINGS are distinguishable into such as are serviceable; either for

• LADDER, Scale.
• DOOR▪ Gate, Port-er, Wicket, Postern, Hatch, Porch, Portal.
• WINDOW, Casement, Balcony.
• THRESHOLD, Sill, Groundsill.
• LOCK, Padlock.
• BOLT, Barr, Sparr.
• STAPLE, Hook.

V. By CARRIAGE is meant the Conveyance of things from one place to another: V. Things for CARRIAGE. to which may be annexed by way of affinity the Notion of the Heavy thing to be carried, BURTHEN, ( Load, lade, ouerate, Far [...] , Fraight, charge, surcharge, Luggage, Lumber, disburthen, exonerate, overcharge,

The provisions of this kind do relate to things considered as ( overload. )

• COACH, Chariot.
• WAIN, Waggon.
• CART; Carr, Dray, Tumbrel.
• SEDAN, Litter.
• WELSH CART.
• SHAFT, Thills.
• WHEEL, Truckle, Trundle.
• AXIS, Spindle.
• SPOKE, Fellow.
• SADDLE, Pack-saddle, Pad, Pannel, Pillion.
• BRIDLE, Rein, Headstall, Curb, Snaffle, Bit.

[Page 258] VI. By FURNI­TURE ( Vtensils, Implements, Houshold-stuff, Moveables, Goods, VI. FURNI­TURE. furnish, fit▪ provide, procure, ready, ) is meant those moveable things of various kinds requisite to the several uses of a Family. These are either

• INSTRUMENT, Implement, Tool.
• KNIFE, Razor.
• HAMMER, Sledge, Mallet, malleable, ductile, Beetle, Poleax.
• JUGAMENT, Frame.
• TABLE, Stall, Dresser, Bord, Cupbord.
• STOOL, Seat, Fourm, Bench.
• CUSHION, Pillow, Boulster, Pillion.
• CHAIR, Throne, Settle.
• BEDSTED, Settle, Cradle, Testor.
• BED, Pallet, Hammock, Mattress, Nest, Kennel, Litter, Vpholster.
• MACHIN, Engine, Frame, Gin.
• TRAP, Gin, Springe, Pitfal, Toyle, Weare, Weele, Buck, Net, In­s [...] are.
• MILL, Querne.
• CLOCK, Watch.

§. III. UNder this Head of PROVISIONS ( Accommodations, Equipage, fur­nish, provide, procure, purvey, ) are comprehended some of the same kinds of things as under the former, with this peculiar Difference, That several of the particulars under this are more occasional and transient, [Page 259] and not of such continual usefulness as those under the other. These are distinguishable into such as

• ORDINARY. I.
• EXTRAORDINARY. II.
• The manner of PREPARING it. III.
• CLOTHING. IV.
• VESSELS. V.
• Are of a COMMON MIXED Nature. VI.

I. By SUSTENTATION ORDINARY ( Commons, Fare, Cheer, Diet, Meat, Viands, sustenance, Victuals, Manciple, Caterer, Pantry, I SUSTEN­TATION ORDINARY. ) is intended such kind of Food as is usual for ordinary persons, and ordinary times ; either according to the

• MEAL, Dinner, Supper, Refectory.
• REFECTION, Bait, Bever, Break-fast, Collation, Repast, Nunchion.
• BREAD, Loaf, Manchet, Cake, Dough, Bisket, Past, Batch, Pantry, Pantler.
• PUDDING, Haggis, Sausage, Dumpling, Link.
• PIE, Pasty, Tart, Custard, Flawn, Past, Pastry, Pastler.
• BROTH, Pottage, Porridge, Caudle, Cullice, Grout, Gruel, Pana­do, Posset, Ptisane, Frumenty, Hogwash, Potherbe.
• GELLY, congeal.
• GRAVY, Iuice.
• ALE, Whort, Brew.
• BEER, Drink, Whort, Brew.

[Page 260] II. SUSTENTATION EXTRAORDINARY ( Cates, Delicates, Dain­ties, II. SUSTEN­TATION EXTRAOR­DINARY. Liccorous, ) may be considered according to the

• FEAST, Gaudy.
• BANQUET, Iuncket, Sweet-meat, Desert.
• SAUCE, Sallet.
• CONFECTION, Conserve, Comfit, Sucket.
• SPICE, Aromatic, Grocery.
• WINE, Sider, Perry, Stum, Must, Vintage, Vintner, Sack, Claret, &c.
• BEVERAGE, Syllabub, Mede, Wassal.

III. Actions relating to the PREPARATION OF FOOD ( dressing, crude, III. PREPA­RATION OF FOOD. raw, ) are either

• BUTCHERING, Shambles, Slaughterhouse.
• COOKING, dressing, Kitchin, Scullion, dress Meat.
• BOILING, Decoction, Seething, sod, Ebullition, parboil, poach.
• ROASTING, Tosting, Spit, Broach, Iack.
• BAKING, Baker, Oven, Pastry, Batch.
• FRYING▪ Fricace, Fritter, Steak.
• BROILING, Carbonadoing, Grilliade, Gridiron, Rasher.
• PINKING, Pouncing, Pricking.
• SLASHING, gashing, hashing, carbonado, jagg.
• SLICING, Collop, Hash.
• MINCING, shred, chop, cut small.
• BASTING, Dripping, sprinkle, Inspersion.
• FLOWRING, powdering, corning, spicing.
• STRATIFY, Lair, interlacing, interlard, lay in.
• LARD, prick in, stick in, interlarding.
• PICKLING, soucing.
• CONDITING, preserving, embalming, candying, seasoning, Mummy.

IV. Such things as are requisite for the covering of our nakedness, IV. CLOTH­ING. and the preserving of us from the injuries of weather, are styled by the name of CLOTHING, Vest, Apparel, attire, Array, Garment, Raiment, Habit, Garb, Stole, Robe, Weed, accoutred, clad, dight, dressing, make ready, wear, invest, Livery, put on or off, naked, stript, bare, Taylour, Wardrope.

To which may be adjoyned, for its affinity, the usual name of those other things of the like use amongst men upon particular occasions, and more generally required for labouring beasts; ARMAMENT, Harness, Tackle, Array, Habiliment, Trappings, accoutred, Furniture, Traces.

The several particulars under this Head may refer; either to

• WOLLEN, Cloth.
• HAIRY, Stuff, Sackcloth.
• LEATHER, Buff, Cheverel, &c. Tann, Curry.
• SILK, Mercer, Sattin, Velvet, Plush, Taffety, &c.
• LINEN, Canvase, Lawn, Damask, Diaper, &c.
• COTTON, Bombast, Fustian.
• LACE, garded, galloon, &c.
• RIBBAND, Fillet, Tape, Favor, Knot, Hairlace.
• SCARF, Garter.
• THRED, Line, Wire, Yarn, Packthred.
• CORD, String, Halter, Rope, Slip, Line, Rein,
• THONG, Latchet, Strap.

[Page 262] V. VES­SELS. V. Such kind of Vtensils as serve to contain other things, are usually cal­led VESSELS, Cask, Receptacle, Pan, Plate, &c.

These are distinguishable by their Matter, Shapes and Uses, into such as serve for the

• BAG, Sack, Budget, Pocket, Pouch, Purse, Sachel, Scrip, Wallet, Poke, Male, Knapsack, Portmantue, Cloak-bag.
• CASE, Sheath, Scabbard, Shrine, Covering, Quiver, Tike, Pillowbear.
• BOX, Chest, Trunk, Ark, Coffer, Cabinet, Casket, Bin, Clapper, Cupbord, Hutch, Locker, Safe, Spence, Press, Pyx, Coffin, Sumpter, Desk, Flash, Till, Drawer, Cap-case.
• BASKET, Flasket, Maund, Frail, Hamper, Pannier, Scuttle, Weel, Dorser.
• BARREL, Cask, Fat, Firkin, Keg, Hogshead, Kilderkin, Pipe, Tun, Butt, Rundlet, Cooper.
• TUB, Bucket, Coul, Vate, Cistern, Pale, Piggin.
• DISH, Platter, Pan, Charger, Voider, Bason, Laver, Patin, Plate, Por­ringer, Saucer.
• TRAY, Pan, Boul, Trough.
• POT, Flagon, Tankard, Iack, Iar, Pitcher, Iugg, Mugg, Noggin, Postnet, Vrne.
• BOTTLE, Crewet, Iugg, Cruse.
• KETTLE, Caldron, Copper, Furnace.
• SKILLET, Pipkin.
• FAUCET, Spout.
• TAP, Spiggot, Stopple.
• SPOON, Ladle, Scummer.
• SCOOP, Shovel, laving.
• TRENCHER, Plate.
• CUP, Boul, Goblet, Beaker, Cann, Chalice, Mazer, Glass.

VI. The last Head of COMMON MIXED Materials, must be acknow­ledged to be a very Heterogeneous heap. VI. COM­MON, MIXED MATERI­ALS. But the several particulars under it being very necessary in their kinds, and not reducible to any of the other Heads, I am forced to put them together here, not knowing at present how to reduce them more properly. They are distinguishable by their Ends or Uses; being such Provisions as concern

• HAY, Fodder.
• STRAW, Fodder, Halm, Litter, Thatch.
• FEWEL, Firing, Logg, Collier, Woodmonger.
• CANDLE, Link, Taper, Torch, Light, Lanthorn.
• SALVE, Vnguent, Ointment.
• PLASTER, Cataplasm, Serecloth, Poultis.
• PAPER, Parchment, Vellum, Schedule, Bill-et, Ticket, Stationer.
• BOOK, Volume, Tome, Treatise, Manuel, compile, compose, Library, Tract, Pamphlet, Manuscript, Stationer.
• PICTURE, Pourtraiture, Effigies, Draught, Map, Chart, Landscap, Em­blem, Image, Projection, Scheme, Diagram, Analem, Arras, Enammel.
• IMAGE, Statue, Puppet, Idol, Coloss, Crucifix.

CHAP. XI. Concerning Relation more public, whether I. Civil. II. Judiciary. III. Military. IV. Naval. V. Ecclesiastical.

MOre publick relation may be distributed into such as do concern those several respects, Actions and Things ; belonging either to

• Several Families associated under Government, CIVIL RELATION.
• Courts of Judicature, and matters of Law, JUDICIAL RELATION.
• A state of Warr, MILITARY RELATION.
• Mens Affairs and Traffique on the Water, NAVAL RELATION.
• Matters of Religion and Worship, ECCLESIASTICAL RELATION.

THat Relation arising from the associating of Families under Government for mutual benefit and defence, is styled Political or CIVIL, Republic, §. I. Commonwealth, State, political, secular.

To which may be opposed ANARCHY, Confusion.

The Notions belonging to this do refer either to

• DEGREES. I.
• PROFESSIONS or Vocations. II.
• CONVENTIONS. III.
• RIGHTS. IV.
• CONTRACTS for the Alienation of our Rights. V.
• OBLIGATIONS for the Confirmation of Contracts. VI.

[Page 264] I. Those differences whereby men under a Political Relation, are di­stinguished from one another, I. DEGREES OF MEN. according to their several ranks, are styled, DEGREES, Place, Quality, Rank, Order, Scutcheon, Coat of Arms, Herald.

To which may be opposed the word PARITY, Levelling.

• MAGISTRATE, Rector, Governour, Regent, Rule-er, Dominion, Sway, Consul, President, Provost, Warden, Head, Territory, Seigniory, Ma­jor, Baylif, Syndic, States, Iurisdiction.
• SUBJECT- ion, Vassal, submit, Homage, Liegeman, Private person, truckle, Vnderling.
• KING, Sovereign, Emperor, Imperial, Monarch, Queen, regal, royal, Majesty, reign, Kingdom, Lord, Dynasty, Sultan, Cham, Liege Lord, Regent, Realm, Diadem, Crown, Coronation, Scepter, Throne, en­throne, Viceroy.
• PRINCE, Potentate.
• LORD, Peer, Nobleman, honourable, Patrician, Duke, Mar­quess, Earl, Count, Viscount, Baron.
• GENTLEMAN, Gentry, Knight, Esquire, Sir, Madam, Wor­ship-ful, Gentil-ity, Wellborn.
• GRADUATE, commence, Degree, Doctor, Master, Rabbi.
• CANDIDATE, Batchelor, Inceptor, canvas, sue, stand for.
• PEOPLE, Folk, Commonalty, Community, mean, obscure, igno­ble, Plebeian, Populacie, popular, populous.
• CITIZEN, Free-man, enfranchise, Denizon, Townsman.
• RABBLE, Vulgus, Tag-rag, base.
• VILLAIN, Varlet, Rascal, Peasant, Boor, servile, Sirrah, Vassal, base.
• BEGGAR, Rogue, Mendicant, Shake-ragg.
• FREE-MAN, liberal, enfranchise, Burgess,
• SLAVE, emancipate, manumit, servile, illiberal, Bondman, Bon­dage, Thraldom, enthrall, enslave, serve, Droyl, Drudge.

[Page 265] II. That course of life about which one is usually employed, II. PRO­FESSIONS. and to which he applies himself for the getting of a Subsistence, is styled his PROFESSION, Vocation, Calling, Trade, Function, Occupation, Course of life, Craft, Mystery.

To which may be adjoyned the word denoting the actual Use of such Callings, PRACTICE, Exercise, Vse, follow, put in ure.

These may be distinguished, into such as are either

• DIVINE, Theology, Clerk, Schoolman.
• PHILOSOPHER.
• CIVIL LAWYER.
• COMMON LAWYER, Pettifogger.
• PHYSICIAN, Medicine, Patient, Empiric, Mountebank, Quack salver, Farrier, Leach, Receipt.
• CHIRURGION, dress a wound.
• PHILOLOGER, Critic.
• POET- ry, Poem, Bard, Muse.
• MERCHANT, Market, Pedler, Huckster, Bodger, Hawker, Regra­ter, Shopkeeper, Traffic, Dealing, Merchandize, Fair, Mart.
• MECHANIC, Handicraft, Artificer, Manufacture; Artizan, Work house.
• HUSBANDMAN, georgic, Hinde, Agriculture, Tillage, Bayliffe.
• HERDSMAN, Shepherd, Pastor, Cow-herd, Hog-herd.
• HUNTSMAN, Hunt-er, Fowler, Fisher, chase, trace, course, Ve­nison, Game, Pocher.
• CARRIER, Ripier, Cargo.
• PLAYER, Actor, Comedian, Tragedian, Play, Stage, Theatre, Enterlude, Personate.
• PRESTIGIATOR, Shewer of tricks, juggle, Legerdemain, Hocas pocas, Tumbler, Dancer on the ropes, &c. Mountebank.

[Page 266] III. The several Aggregates of men under Political Government, are usually styled either by that more general: III. CON­VENTION▪ or special name.

• CONVENTION, Assembly, Meeting, Congregation, Convocation, Company, Rendezvouz, Concourse, Confluence, Quire, Chapter, Committee, Club, Hall, convene, Conventicle, Sessions, Assize, flock or gather together.
• SOCIETY, Gyld, Gang, Tribe, Clan, Fraternity, Club, Knot, Crew, Fellow­ship, Company ·

These are either such as have the same

• NATION- al, epidemical, naturalize, People, Country, vernacu­lar, Patriot.
• COLONY, Plantation.
• COUNTRY, rural, rustic, Peasant, Boor, Hinde, Kern, Swain, Clown, Tike.
• TOWN, Burrough.
• PROVINCE, Circuit.
• CITY, Suburbs, Metropolis, See, Borough, municipal.
• SHIRE, County, Tribe, District, Riding.
• PARISH, parochial, Parson, Vicar, Thorpe, Village.
• COURT- ier, aulical.
• COUNCIL, Senate, Parliament, Diet, Conclave, Consistory, San­hedrim, Synod, Committee.
• UNIVERSITY, Academy, School.
• CORPORATION, Gyld, Brotherhood, Fraternity, Company, So­ciety, community, municipal, incorporate.
• COLLEGE- iate, Fellow.
• LEAGUE, Confederacy, Combination, Alliance, Complice, Parti­san, Party, side with, joyn, hold together, Pack, compact.
• FACTION, Sect, Iuncto, Gang, conspire, side with, combine, Par­ty-zan, Oligarchy.

[Page 267] IV. The things which in Iustice or Equity ▪ do belong to persons, IV. RIGHTS. are called RIGHTS, Title, Interest, Estate, Tenure▪ Holding, Freehold, Gift, Col­lation, Reversion, Landlord, Paramount, endow, enfeoff. To which may be adjoyned the word LIBERTIES, denoting whatsoever is permitted, or not forbidden to them.

These are considerable according to their

• CUSTOM, accustom, Vse, Wont, Guise, Fashion, Rite, Vsage, usual, currant, common, ordinary, ure, enure, Habit, Practice, Haunt, pre­scribe, unusual, obsolete, familiar, received, conversant, Habit, manner, course, Hank, Exercise, Prescription, Desuetude.
• ELECTION, Choice.
• SUCCESSION, devolve, follow, Place.
• LAW, Act, Statute, Decree, Sanction, Constitution, Canon, Rule, legal, legitimate, enact, ordain, order, abrogate, repeal, prescribe, Legislator.
• EDICT, Ordinance, Proclamation, Order, Breve, Bull, Act, Rule, Sanction, Rescript.
• PATENT, Charter, Brief, Letters Patents, Placard.
• COMMISSION, Brief.
• PROPRIETY, Concern, Owner, Proprietary.
• USUS-FRUCTUS.
• AUTHORITY, Power, Dominion, Prefect, President, Head, Pro­vost, Master, Plenipotentiary, authentic, classic, govern, ratifie, Rule, sway, inspection, dispose, Precinct, Territory.
• OFFICE, Place, Cure, overlook, officiate, superintend, surveigh, oversight, charge, conduct, Commissary, Prefect, Collegue, Groom.
• PREROGATIVE, Royalty.
• PRIVILEGE, Franchise, enfranchise, freedom, Grace, preeminence.
• DISPENSATION.
• LICENCE, Permission, Sufferance, Leave, allowance, Faculty, Connivence, Placard, Prattick, let, may, suffer, admit, dispence, Pass-port, Safe conduct, Letters of Mart.
• TOLERATION, Connivence, suffer, let alone, Quarter.
• IMMUNITY, free, Discharge, Exemption, Quarter, scot-free.

[Page 268] V. The mutual negotiating betwixt men in their ordinary converse with one another is styled CONTRACT, V. CON­TRACT. Commerce, Entercourse, Traffic, Trade, Negotiation: to which may be annexed for affinity the most general occasion for such Intercourse, namely, the parting with one thing for the getting of ano­ther, called EXCHANGE, barter, chaffer, cope, swap, truck, chop, Commutation, Scoursing, Bargain, Match.

The principal matters belonging to this Head do either refer to

• ASSIGNING, consigning, conveying, resigning, deliver, put over.
• DEPOSITING, Trustee, Feoffee, enfeoff, charge, commend, recommend, entrust, commit, Fiduciary, Sequestration.
• BEQUEATHING, devising, Legacy, Testament, Will, Executor, Intestate.
• INHERITING, Heir, hereditary, Heritage, Patrimony, Fee-simple, En­tail, disherit, Hereditament, Portion, Primogeniture.
• SELLING, vent, utter, Ware, Commodity, Sale-able, venal, vendible, sta­ple, put off, retail, afford, handsel, monopoly, make mony of, serve one with.
• BUYING, purchase, Cater, Chapman, Customer, engrossing, ransom, re­deem, regrate, forestal, interlope, preemption, the refusing.
• LENDING, Loan, Creditor, prostitute, trust.
• BORROWING, take up.
• DEMISING, let, let out, let to farm, lease, Lessor, Landlord, Broker, Rent, Principal, Interest, put to use.
• HIRING, farming, backney, mercenary, prostitute, Tenant, Lessee, Lease, Rent, Interest, Vse, at livery, Gratis.
• EARNING, Merit, Desert, Meed, Demerit, supererogate.
• WAGES, Fee, Salary, Pension, Stipend, Vails, fare, freight, gratis.
• PRICE, Rate, Value, Worth, Ransom, stand in, cost, cheap, dear, preci­ous, sumptuous, rich, inhaunce, depreciate.
• EARNEST, Gage, Pledge.
• BARGAIN, Ware, Commodity.
• SEISIN, Livery, install, admit, Entry, inthrone, inaugurate, invest.
• TRIBUTE, Custom; Annates, Gabel, Excise, Toll, Impost, Publicane.
• TAX, Rate, Contribution, Collection, assess, Publicane, Subsidy, Tun­nage, pontage, pannage, Pole, Collector, Scot, Sesment.

[Page 269] VI. Those several kinds of Assurances which men offer concerning what they intend to give or do, are styled, OBLIGATIONS, plight, VI. OBLIGA­TIONS. en­gage, Deed, bind, Bond, Bill, evidence, &c. undertake for.

And when such Obligations are reciprocal, they are then called PA­CTIONS, Agreement, Compact, Covenant, Bargain, Condition, indent, Match, Stipulation, Sponsion, Warranty, Article, strike up a bargain.

• BESPEAKING, Retain.
• TREATING, driving a Bargain, capitulate, chaffer, parley, cheapen, huck, haggle.
• BID, offer, huck, haggle.
• DEMAND, cheapen, ask, exact.
• PROMISE, Word, Parol, plight, Covenant, League, undertake for, pass ones word.
• PROTESTATION, Asseveration, averr, vouch, stand in, Atte­station.
• SWEARING, Oath, deposing, abjure, Perjury, adjure, purge upon Oath.
• IMPRECATION, Execration, Malediction, Cursing.
• SIGNING, Obligation, Deed, Evidence, Bill, Indenture, Instru­ment, Writing, Muniment, Conveyance, Policy, subscribe, under ones hand, set ones hand.
• SEALING, Seal, Signet, Sigil, Bond, specialty.
• SPONSION, Stipulation, Bail, vouch, undertake for, Surety-ship, Hostage, Security, Warrant, Caution, engage, responsible for.
• INTERCESSION, Mediate or, interpose, speak for.
• PAWN, Pledge, gage, engage.
• MORGAGE, Security, Statute, Caution, engage.
• WAGER, Stake, vy, lay, prize.
• BET, Stake, vy, revy.

THe several Notions referring to matters of Law and Courts of Judicature, §. II. are comprehended under that which is styled JUDI­CIAL RELATION, forensical, Court, Hall, extrajudicial.

These are distinguishable into such as concern

• PERSONS. I.
• CAUSES and Actions. II.
• CAPITAL. III.
• NOT CAPITAL. IV.
• CAPITAL. V.
• NOT CAPITAL. VI.

I. PERSONS. I. PERSONS considerable under this Head of Judicial Relation, may be distinguished into such as are either

• JUDGE, Chancellour, Commissary, Censor, Moderator, Official, Iury, Inquest, Doom, Sentence, decide, determine, censure, Iudi­catory, judicial, Court, Bench, Tribunal.
• ASSESSOR, Syndic, Bencher, Alderman, Canons, [...] rebends, Chapter, Fellows, assist, Sides-men.
• ARBITRATOR, Vmpire, Days-man, comprimize, Referree, award
• MEDIATOR, Incercessor, deal-between, intermediate, Mean.
• ACCUSER, Informer, challenge, Endite-ment, charge, attaint, peach, empeach▪ arraign, tax, lay to ones charge, call in question, Presentment, Bill, prosecute, Promooter.
• PRISONER, or reputed Criminal, Delinquent, Malefactor, Defen­dant.
• PLAINTIF, Accuser, complain, blame.
• DEFENDANT, Apology, excuse, vindicate.
• NOTARY, Register, Remembrancer, Secretary, Clerk, Scribe, Protonotary, Rolls, en [...] oll.
• PURSEVANT, Messenger, Catchpole, Serjeant.
• MARSHAL, Keeper, Iailour.
• ADVOCATE, Counsel, Pleader, maintain, defend, vindicate, Lawyer, Barresier, Proctor, Clyent.
• WITNESS, Evidence, attest, testifie, Testimony, Affidavit.

[Page 271] II. To the more general words of Actions or PROCEEDINGS, II. PRO­CEEDINGS. Cau­ses, in Judicial Affairs, may be annexed those less general words of SUIT, Controversie, implead, commence, Case, Cause, Action, go to law, wage law, pre­ferr a Bill, Barrester, Brabble.

• CITATION, Subpoena, Process, call, warn, summon, Sumner, Appa­ritor, Bailiff, Beadle.
• ARREST, attach, apprehend, distrein, seize, lay hold on, Embargo, Serjeant, Baily, Catchpole, Beadle, Replevy.
• APPEARANCE, forth-coming.
• ACTION, Endictment, Bill, Process, arraign, implead, sue, com­mence suit, wage law, Barretor.
• PLEA, Apology.
• COGNIZANCE, Hearing.
• EXAMINATION, Trial, sift out, Hearing Inquisition, interrogate, Scrutiny, scann, view, review, revise, canvase, gage, pumpe out.
• JOYNING ISSUE▪
• SENTENCING, Doom, Iudgment, Verdict, Censure, Decree, Or­der, adjudge, decide, determin, award, definitive.
• INNOCENT, clear, blameless, harmless, justifie-cation, vindicate, discharge, cleanse, purge, compurgation.
• GVI [...] TY, nocent, delinquent, peccant, convict, culpable, faulty, tardy, Offender, Transgressor, propitiate, expiate.
• ACQUITTING, absolving, assoil, clear, discharge, loosing▪ purging, quit, release.
• CONDEMNING, cast, damn.
• PROTESTING.
• EXECUTING, inflict, suffer, Executioner, Hangman.
• PARDONING, forgiving, remit, release, venial, Indulgence, put up.

[Page 272] III CRIMES CAPITAL. III CRIMES CAPITAL, ( Enormity, facinorous, criminal, Malefa­ctor. ) such as are or ought to be punished with Death, may be distinguish­ed into such Offences as are more immediately against

• WITCHCRAFT, Conjuring, Necromancy, Sorcery, Black-art, Magic, enchant, fascinate, fore speak, Charm Spell, Cunning-man.
• WIZARDING, Manteia, Divining, Gypsie, Fortune-telling, Sooth­saying, Sorcery, Augury, Astrology, Geomancy, Pyromancy, Physiognomy, Cheiromancy, Palmistry, Sigil, Talisman.
• TREASON, Traitor, betray.
• CONSPIRACY, betraying.
• REBELLION, Rising, Insurrection, Defection, Revolt, take head.
• SEDITION, Commotion, Combustion, Riot, Vproar, Mutiny, Tu­mult, Hurly-burly, Scuffle, Stirrs▪ Quoil, Racket, Boute-feu, Incen­diary, turbulent.
• MURTHER, Assassin-ate, Homicide, Manslaughter, Massacre, Parricide, cut-throat, blood-thirsty.
• BESTIALITY, Buggery.
• SODOMY, Buggery, Catamite.
• ROBBERY, Rapine, Sacrilege, Thief, Bandito, Pyrate, Picke­roon, pillage, take a purse.
• THEFT, steal, purloin, lurch, fi [...] ch, pilser, nim, surreptitious, Plagiary, Sacrilege, Cut-purse, Pick-pocket, light-fingered, Larceny.
• HOUSE-BURNING, Incendiary.
• BURGLARY, House-breaking.

[Page 273] IV. Crimes or FAULTS NOT CAPITAL, IV. FAULTS NOT CAPI­TAL. may be distinguished into such as are

• INJURY, Wrong, Harm, Trespass, Hurt, Grievance, Abuse, Dammage.
• AFFRONT, Contumely, Outrage, Slur, Despite, Indignity, put a trick on.
• FORNICATION, Whore [...] dom, Courtesan, Concubine, Harlot, Trull. Punk, Leman, Quean, Drab, Strumpet, prostitute, deflour, stuprate, vitiate, wenching, Brothel, Stews, Bawd, Pander.
• ADULTERY, Concubine.
• USURPATION, incroach, intrench, grow upon, invade, intrude, thrust in.
• DETENTION, with-holding, keep back.
• FRAUD, Deceit, Guile, Cozening, Delusion, Collusion, Illusion, dodge, trepan, over-reach, prevaricate, circumvent, go-beyond, impose, gull, beguile, defraud, Imposture, Knave, Rook, Cheat, Shift, Shark, cog, slur, wheedle, come over one, supplant.
• FORGERY, counterfeit, false, adulterate, sophisticate, coin, de­vise, forge, falsifie, foisting, Interpolation, Impostor, supposititi­ous, surreptitious.
• OPPRESSION, Force, Violence, exact, overcharge ▪
• EXTORTION, Exaction, Rapine, Rapacity, wresting, wring, griping, ravin, poling, pilling.
• BRIBERY, Corruption, dawbing.
• SUBORNATION.
• CALUMNY, Obloquy, Slander, Aspersion, opprobrious, Detraction, False accusation, carping, belie, defame, disparage, traduce.
• BACKBITING, Libel, Tale-bearer, Tell-tale, Whispering, Pick-thank.
• REPROCHING, nip, taunt, scoff, twit, Opprobry, obloquy, tax, traduce.
• UPBRAIDING, cast in one's teeth, exprobrate, twit.
• REVILING, rail, scold, brawl, Contumely, inveigh, invective, foul-mouthed, Cucking-stool.
• MOCKING, deride, flout, jeer, scoff, twit, gibe, quip, gird, frump, bob, taunt, wipe, jerk, Sarcasm, Pasquil, Irrision, Illu­sion, Satyr, Burlesque, play upon.

[Page 274] V. PUNISH­MENTS CA­PITAL. V. By Punishment is meant the evil of Suffering, inflicted for the evil of Doing; to which may be adjoyned the loss or [...] inction of a man's Right in a thing which he formerly injoyed, styled FORFEITURE.

PUNISHMENTS CAPITAL are the various manners of putting men to death in a judicial way, which in several Nations are or have been either

• BEHEADING, strike of ones head.
• QUARTERING, Dissecting.
• STONING, Pelting.
• PRECIPITATING, throwing or casting headlong.
• STARVING, famishing.
• POISONING, Venom, envenom, virulent.
• STIFLING, smoother, suffocate.
• BURYING ALIVE.
• BURNING ALIVE.
• STRANGLING, throttle, choke, suffocate.
• CRUCIFYING, Cross.
• BREAKING ON THE WHEEL.

[Page 275] VI. PUNISHMENTS NOT CAPITAL are distinguished by the things or subjects receiving detriment by them, VI. PUNISH­MENTS NOT CA­PITAL. as being either of the

• TORTURE, Torment, excruciate.
• WHIPPING, lashing, scourging, leashing, jerk, Rod, slash, Switch, stripe, Beadle.
• CUDGELLING, bastinado, baste, swinge, swaddle, shrubb, slapp, thwack.
• IMPRISONMENT, Incarceration, Durance, Custody, Ward, clap up, commit, confine, mue, Pound, Pinfold, Gaol our, Counter, Cage, Coop, Toleboth, Dungeon, Marshal, release, secure, set fast.
• BONDS, Fetters, Gyves, Shackles, Manicles, Pinnion, Chains.
• EXILE, Banish-ment, exterminate, prescribe, eject, expel, out-lawed.
• RELEGATION.
• INFAMATION, Ignominy, Pillory.
• STIGMATIZATION, Branding, Cauterizing, burning in the hand, Mark.
• MULCT, Fine, amerce, sconce.
• CONFISCATION, Forfeiture.
• DEGRADING, deposing, depriving.
• INCAPACITATING, cashier, disable, discard, depose, disfranchize.

THis Head of MILITARY RELATION, is intended to contain such Notions as concern the various respects and capacities belonging to a state of War. §. III. The using of the united Force and Arms of many against others, is styled WAR- fare, martial, polemical, Militia, Chivalry.

And the being without mutual opposition is called Peace.

The Notions appertaining to this Head, do relate either to Military

• ACTIONS. I.
• EVENTS. II.
• SEGREGATE. III.
• AGGREGATE. IV.
• Instruments necessary to War, AMMUNITION. V.
• PLACES. VI.

[Page 276] I. MILI­TARY ACTI­ONS. I. Military ACTIONS may be distinguished according to the

• OFFENDING, Offence-ive, Annoy-ance.
• DEFENDING protect, guard, shelter▪ shrowd ward▪ preserve, keep, maintain, make good, tutelary.
• PROVOKING, challenge, irritate, invite, bait, stir up, dare, vy.
• DEFYING, dare
• ASSAULTING, assail, attaque, invade, encounter, Onset, set upon, charge, Inrode, Rencounter, Incursion▪ fall on, run upon.
• RESISTING, withstand, stand against, bear up against, turn head, strug­gle with, Antiperistatis.
• BESIEGING, Siege, beleaguer, beset, block up, hem in, lay siege.
• RELIEVING, succour, supply, help, recruit, reinforce, subsidiary, Ayd.
• MINING, undermine, Sapping.
• COUNTERMINING.
• STORMING, assaulting, boarding, attaque, scaling, on-slaught.
• SALLYING, issue out
• FIGHTING, Combat, Conflict, encounter, cope, bicker, Fray, impugn, scuffle, List.
• DUELLING, Single combat, Champion, List.
• SKIRMISHING, Fray, Velitation▪ pickeer.
• BATTELLING, Set fight, Set battel, joyn battel, Shock.
• STRATAGEM, ensnare, Device, Trick, Train, surprize.
• AMBUSH, Ambuscado, insidiate, lay wait, lurk, way lay, surprize.

II. MILI­TARY EVENTS. II. Military EVENTS may be distinguished into such as are either

• VICTOR, overcome, defeat, discomfit, beat, win, vanquish, get the day, -the better, -the upper hand, quell, predominant, prevail, subdue, suppress, over-bear, -master.
• OVERTHROWN, subdued, foiled, suppressed, routed, worsted, beaten, defeated, discomfited, brought under.
• ADVANCE, get ground.
• RETIRE, retreat, give back, shrink, recede, recoyle.
• PVRSVE, chas, course, follow, pros [...] cute, Hue and Cry.
• FLY, run away rout, fugitive, take ones heels, put to flight.
• LOSE, yield, surrender, Rendition.
• BOOTIES, Forage, Plunder, Pillage, Quarry, Prey, Prize, Free-booter, Letters of Mart, Letters of Reprize.
• SPOILS, harras, havock, ravage, rifle, sack, ransack, Wreck, Devastation, Ruin, Wast, depopulate.
• CAPTIVATE, take prisoner.
• YIELD, give up, render, surrender, resign, deliver.
• CONQUER, bring under, master, mate, quel, vanquish, repress, suppress, tame subdue, win.
• SVBMIT, give up, humble, yield, surrender, come in.
• TRIUMPH, exult, crow, exultation, Bonfire.

III. Military PERSONS ( Souldier, Warrier, Reformado, serve, press, III. Mili­tary PER­SONS SE­GRE­GATE. ) se­gregate, may be distinguished by those several imployments for which they are designed; being either for

• FOOTMAN, Infantry, Lance-knight.
• HORSMAN, Cavalry, Light-horse, Curasier, Dragoons, Trooper, Reister, Rider
• ENSIGN, Ancient, Colours, Standard, Pennon, Banner.
• CORNET, Banner, Colours.
• DRUMMER, Drum, Tabor, Tabret.
• TRUMPETER, Trumpet.
• SCOUT, crusing, descry.
• SPY, Emissary, Setter, Intelligence.
• GUARD, Convoy, custody, keep, ward, keep guard, relieve the guard, Corps du guard
• WATCH, Ward, Corporal.
• SENTINEL, Sentry.
• CALO, Pedec, Black guard.

[Page 278] IV. Milita­ry PER­SONS AGGRE­GATE. IV. Military PERSONS AGGREGATE ( Party of Souldiers, Forces, disband ) may be distributed according to such different names as do denote either the

• ARMY, Host, Forces, Battalia.
• BRIGADE, Battalion, Terce.
• REGIMENT, Legion, Tribune, Colonel.
• COMPANY, Troop, Band, Captain, Centurion.
• VANCURRIER.
• FORLORN HOPE.
• COMMANDED PARTY.

V. AM­M [...] NITI­ON. V. The Provisions necessary for Offence and Defence are styled by the general name of AMMUNITION, Magazin, charge, discharge, Arcenal.

To which may be adjoyned the word BAGGAGE, Impediments, Lug­gage, Lumber.

They are distinguishable according to their Shapes, and those several Uses for which they are designed, into such as are more

• WEAPON, Arms offensive.
• ARMOUR, defensive Arms, Mail, Headpiece, Helmet, Scull, Gorget, Gaunt­l [...] t, Habergeon, &c. Armorer, Armory.
• CLUB, Bat, Batoon, Battle-ax, Mace, Pole-ax, Cudgel.
• SWORD, Scimitar, Hanger, Rapier, Tuck, Ponyard, Stilletto, Dag­ger, Fauchion, Glave, Cutler.
• PIKE, Spear, Launce, Iavelin, run at tilt.
• HALBERT, Partizan, Trident.
• BOW, shoot, Archer, Fletcher.
• CROSS-BOW, shoot.
• DART, Iavelin, Harping-iron.
• ARROW, Shaft, Bolt.
• [Page 279] GUN, shoot, Snaphance, Fire-lock, Musket, Carbine, Blunderbuss, Piece, Arquebus, Petronel, Pistol, Dagg, Potgun, play upon.
• ORDNANCE, Cannon, Artillery, Saker, Minion, Basilisk, Drake, &c. shoot.
• MATCH, Tinder, Touchwood, Spunk.
• POWDER, Gunpowder.
• BULLET, Ball, Pellet, Shot.
• GRANADO, Petard.
• BUCKLER, Shield, Target.

VI. Such kind of Places, together with such kind of Contrivances belong­ing to them, as relate to a state of War, VI. MILI­TARY PLACES. may be styled MILITARY PLACES or Works, (Munitions, Fortifications, fenced, Hold, dismantle.)

To which may be adjoyned for its affinity the common notion of such things as are used for the fencing of Places; SEPIMENT, Wall, Pale, Fence, Enclosure, Fold, Mound.

• CAMP, encamp, quarter.
• SCONCE, Fortress, Platform, Fort.
• BLOCK-HOUSE, Fort, Bastion, Strong-hold.
• RAMPIER, Wall, Bulwark, Line, Counterscarf, Mound, Out-work.
• DITCH, Dike, Foss, Trench, Mote.
• FURNACE-HOLE.
• PORTCULLIS.

§. IV. THe Head of Naval Relation is intended to comprehend the various Notions and Expressions, belonging to mens affairs and traffick on the Waters; respecting either

• KINDS OF VESSELS used for Passage. I.
• Containing ; HULL. II.
• PROGRESSIVE MOTION OR STAYING. III.
• RIGGING. IV.
• PERSONS. V.
• ACTIONS. VI.

[...] KINDS OF VES­SELS. I. The KINDS OF VESSELS which are used for passage on the Waters, are in several Countries of so great variety and names, by reason of their being distinguished by some little accidental Differences, that it will be very difficult for the most expert person to give a sufficient enumeration of them: and therefore I shall in this place distribute them onely according to their various Magnitudes, and the Vses for which they are designed: according to which they may be distinguished into such as are denoted under the

• BOAT, Oars, Wherry, Sculler, Canoe, Cockboat, Waterman.
• SHIP, Pink, Pinnace, Shallop, Sail, Vessel, Navy, Fleet, naval.
• KETCH, Bark, Flyboat. .
• BARGE, Lighter, Gallyfoist, Brigandine, &c.
• GALEOT, Caramosil, Carrack, Caravel.
• MERCHANT-MAN, Bottom.
• MAN OF WAR, Frigot, Caper, Armada, Privateer.
• PACQUET-BOAT.

II. By HULL is meant the main Bulk or Body of the Ship, considered abstractly from its Masts and Rigging. II. HULL. The parts of which may be distin­guished into such as relate to

• STEM, Prow.
• STERN, Poop.
• RUDDER, Helm, Steer.
• FORE-CASTLE.
• ROUND-HOUSE.
• SCUTTLE, Gratings.
• RAKE OF POST, Tuck.
• RAKE OF STEM.

III. Parts of Vessels serving chiefly for the PROGRESSIVE MOTION or Stay­ing of them, may be distinguished, by the matter of which they consist, III. Parts for PROGRES­SIVE MOTI­ON. into such as are of

• BOUL-SPRIT.
• MIZZEN-MAST.
• SAIL, Course.
• BONNET, Drabler.
• ANCHOR, Kedger.

[Page 282] IV. RIGGING IV. By RIGGING is meant the several kinds of Cordage belonging to a Ship; in respect of the

• SHROUDS, Puttocks.
• HAWSER, Halser.

V NAVAL PERSONS. V. PERSONS belonging to the management of NAVAL Affairs, Mari­ners, Seafaring-men, may be distributed into such whose Charge doth con­cern the

• LIEUTENANT.
• QUARTER-MASTER.
• CAPE-MERCHANT.
• SAILERS, Mid-ship-men, Skipper.
• YONKERS, Fore-mast-men.

VI. NAVAL ACTIONS may be distinguished into such as are done VI. NAVAL ACTIONS.

• BROMING, Breaming.
• RIDING AT ANCHOR.
• FALLING TO THE LEEWARD.
• HEELING, seeling.

§. V. UNder this Head of ECCLESIASTICAL RELATION ( Clergy, Spiritual, Church, ) are comprehended the several Notions and respects belonging to a Church-state. By Church is meant a Society of men as agreeing in the same kind of inward apprehensions of, and ex­ternal demeanour towards, the Divine Nature: to which may be oppo­sed the word TEMPORAL, Civil, Humane, Secular, Lay, Prophane.

Notions of this kind, may be distinguished into such as do denote

• ECCLESIASTICAL CALLINGS. II.
• STATES OF RELIGION. III.
• WORSHIP. IV.
• DISCIPLINE. V.
• INSTITUTIONS. VI.

I. RELI­GION. I. That habit of reverence towards the Divine nature, whereby we are inabled and inclined to serve and worship him after such a manner as we conceive most acceptable to him, is called RELIGION, Piety, God­liness. The Privation of which is styled ATHEISM, Irreligion, Impiety.

Men are distinguished by their kinds of Religion into such as

• NATURAL RELIGION.
• PAGANISM, Heathenism, Ethnic, Infidel, Gentil, Painim.
• JUDAISM, Iudaical, Iew.
• CHRISTIANITY.
• MAHOMETISM, Turcism.

[Page 285] II. Those who apply themselves to the businesses of Religion as their particular Calling, may be stiled ECCLESIASTICAL PERSONS, II. ECCLE­SIASTICAL PERSONS. Cler­gy, Churchman, spiritual, Hierarchy.

To which may be opposed, TEMPORAL, Lay-ic, civil, secular, pro­phane.

• PROPHET- ical, divine, prophesie, foretell, presage, prognosticate, Prediction, Seer, Sibyl.
• LEVITE- ical.
• APOSTLES- ical.
• EVANGELISTS- ical, Gospel.
• PRIMATE, Arch bishop, Metropolitan, Mufty, Patriarch, Pro­vince.
• BISHOP, Prelate, Ordinary, Episcopal-acy, Suffragan, Superin­tendent, Pontificial, Diocess, See, Cathedral, Mitre, Crosyer, Hie­rarchy.
• PRESBYTER, Priest, Elder, Minister, Incumbent, Curate, Chaplain, Parson.
• DEACON, Minister.
• REGULAR, Religious Person, order, rule.
• PENITENTS, Confraternity, Convert.
• MONK, Frier-ry, Nunn-ery, Novice, Abbot, Abbess, Abby, Prior-ry, Ge­neral, Provincial, Gardian, Monastic, Monastery, Minster, Cloister, Covent, Society, Cowle, Father.
• HERMIT, Anchorite, Cell, Recluse.

[Page 286] III. STATES OF RELIGI­ON. III. Persons considered according to their several STATES and Conditions in respect OF RELIGION, may be distinguished either by their

• ORTHODOX, Believer.
• HERETIC- al, Heresie, Miscreant.
• CATHOLIC, Communicant, Communion, Son of the Church.
• SCHISMATIC, Schism-atical, Sect-ary, Recusant, Separate.
• MARTYR- dom.
• PERSEQUUTOR:
• SAINT, Hero-ical, canonize.
• SCANDAL- ous, profligate, Offence.
• CONVERT, Proselyte, regenerate, reclaim, turn, come over.
• APOSTATE, Back-slider, Renegado, Defection, revolt, draw back, turn, forsake, fall away, relapse, Fugitive, Tergiversation.

IV. That inward and outward reverence whereby we acknowledge the Esteem due to the Superiority and Excellency of another, IV. WOR­SHIP. together with the two extremes of this, viz. Redundant, when men give this to such things as they ought not for the Matter, or in such a degree as they ought not for the Measure; and Deficient, when men do either contemn or neg­lect sacred things and duties, are styled

• SUPERSTITION, Bigot.
• PROPHANENESS, Impiety, impious, ungodly.

The more special acts of Worship may be distinguished into such as are more

• PRAYER, Invocation, Collect, Orizon, Oratory, Ejaculation, call upon.
• VOW, Votary, devoted.
• CONFESSION, acknowledge, Shreeve.
• PETITION, supplicate, sue, beg, Litany, crave, request, Supply­ant, Bedes-man, Boon.
• THANKSGIVING, praise, magnifie, extol, Grace.
• PSALM, Hymn, Anthem.
• PREACHING, Homily, Sermon, Postil, Pulpit.
• CATECHISING, Catechism.
• FESTIVITY, Festival, Holy-day, High-day, Sabbath, Iubilee, Wake, genial, good time.
• FASTING, Humiliation, Ember-week, Lent, Vigil, Eve.
• MARRIAGE, Wedd-ing, Matrimony, nuptial, Bride-groom, Hymen.
• CONFIRMATION.
• BURYING, interr, Grave, Funeral, Obit, Obsequies, Herse, Se­pulture, Church-yard, Charnel-house.
• ENTOMBING, Tomb, Sepulchre, Monument, Epitaph.

[Page 288] V. DISCI­PLINE. V. Actions relating to Ecclesiastical Authority or DISCIPLINE, do concern the due ordering of the circumstances of Ecclesiastical or Sa­cred things to the best convenience. The Notions belonging to this Head, do refer either to the work of,

• CONSECRATION, sacred, sanctifie, hallow, devote, dedica [...] e, Holiness.
• PROPHANATION, unhallowed, impious, common, Lustration.
• ORDINATION, Consecration,
• DEPRIVATION, depose.
• SUSPENSION.
• EXCOMMUNICATION, Anathema, Curse, cut off, separate.
• ABSOLVTION, loosing, discharge, assoile, purge, clear pardon, acquit.

VI. INSTI­TUTIONS. VI. By INSTITUTIONS or Ordinan [...] s are properly meant such kinds of things or duties as we could not have known or been obliged unto without particular Revelation. These may be distinguished into

• SCRIPTURE, Bible, Word of God, Holy Writ, Text, Testa­ment.
• TRADITION, Delivery, Cabala.
• OBLATION, Offering, Offertory.
• SACRIFICE, Victim, Holocaust, Host, Oblation, Hecatombe.
• INCENSE, Censor.
• SACRAMENT- al.
• CIRCUMCISION, Cutting off the fore-skin.
• PASSOVER. Paschal, Easter.
• BAPTISM, Christen, Font, Paedobaptism
• EUCHARIST, Communion, the Lord's Supper, The Sacrament, Host, Mass, Missal.

CHAP. XII. I. A general Explication of the design of the foregoing Tables. II. Par­ticular Instances in the six principal heads of it. III. Some things to be noted concerning Opposites and Synonyma. IV. An enume­ration of what kinds of things are not to be particularly provided for in such tables.

THe principal design aimed at in these Tables, is to give a sufficient enumeration of all such things and notions, §. I▪ as are to have names assigned to them, and withall so to contrive these as to their order, that the place of every thing may contribute to a description of the nature of it. Denoting both the General and the Particular head under which it is placed; and the Common difference whereby it is distinguished from other things of the same kind.

It would indeed be much more convenient and advantageous, if these Tables could be so contrived, that every difference amongst the Predica­ments might have a transcendental denomination, and not depend at all upon a numerical institution. But I much doubt, whether that Theory of things already received, will admit of it; nor doth Language afford convenient terms, by which to express several differences.

It were likewise desirable to a perfect definition of each species, that the immediate form which gives the particular essence to every thing might be expressed; but this form being a thing which men do not know, it cannot be expected that it should be described. And therefore in the stead of it, there is reason why men should be content with such a description by properties and circumstances, as may be sufficien [...] to deter­mine the primary sense of the thing defined.

Of these descriptions I shall [...] re give an instance under each of the six Principal Heads. §. II.

The word Goodness is a transcendental, TRANS­CENDEN­TAL. one of the General differences of things, or affections of entity, implying a respect to something with­out it self, namely, to the Will, by agreement to which things are ren­dered lovely and desirable, as by their disagreement they are rendered hateful and avoidable, which is the opposite notion of Evil.

The word Diamond doth by its place in the Tables appear to be a Substance, a Stone, a pretious Stone, transparent, colourless, SUB­STANCE. most hard and bright.

The word Flower or blossom is one of the peculiar parts, belonging to Plants, an annual part, more principal, antecedent to the seed, considera­ble for its beauty and colour.

The words Newness and Oldness do signifie notions belonging to Quan­tity, to space, to time, and more particularly to time past, QUANTITY. according to the degrees of less or greater, as the next pair, soonness and lateness, doth relate to time future, according to the same degrees of Less or Greater.

The word Moderation is a Quality, a Habit, QUALITY. an Affection of intel­lectual [Page 290] virtue, whereby we are concerned for any truth▪ according to a due measure, not more or less then the evidence and importance of it doth require, to which the notion of fierceness or fanaticalness is opposed as the d [...] ficient extreme.

ACTION. The word Pitty, doth by its place denote an Action, spiritual, of the soul in respect of the Appetite, whose actions are commonly stiled Af­fections or Passions: 'Tis a mixed Passion, consisting of Grief and Love, occasioned by some evil, which (as we think) doth unworthily befall others. As Envy doth of Grief and Hate upon account of some good befalling others (as we think) unworthily.

RELATION. The word Parent by the place of it in the Tables, doth denote the thing thereby signified▪ to be a Relation, Oeconomical, of Consanguinity, direct ascending; as Child is direct descending.

And thus is it with all those other particulars, which are placed either directly or collaterally, either by way of Opposition or of Affinity.

Only 'tis here to be noted.

§. III. 1. That some of those which are placed as Opposites, do not alwayes fall out to be under the same Predicament or Genus with those things to which they are adjoyned; as it must be in such things as are privatively opposed, as Blindness, Deafness, Darkness, &c. And so likewise for some of those species which are put in for their affinity, as Point, Center, Pole, and such other things as are not directly, but reductively only under any predicament.

2. That some Radixes, besides the redundant and deficient extremes, have likewise an Opposite common ; so to the word Iustice, there is oppo­sed an Opposite common, Injustice, besides the excess Rigor, and the defect Remission. So to Veracity, the Opposite common is lying ; which may be either by way of Excess, over-saying, boasting, flattering: or of Defect, under-saying, detraction. So to Equality, the Opposite common is Inequality, imparity, disparity; the excess of which is Superiority, and the defect In­feriority. This is natural to all Radixes that have double Opposites, though instituted Languages have not provided words to express it.

3. Many of the Synonymous word [...] put to the Radixes, are referred to more heads then one, upon account of their various equivocal accep­tions. And besides such words or phrases as are more plainly Synony­mous, there is likewise an addition of such other, as are either more im­mediate derivations, whether Adjectives, Verbs, Adverbs: or more medi­ate, being by composition to be made off from those Radixes to which they are adjoyned: Of which I shall give an instance or two, under each of the six general Heads.

TRAN­SCENDEN­TALS. In the Table of Transcendentals, T. III. 2. the Radical is GOOD­NESS, to which these other words are adjoyned, Weal, welfare, right, re­gular, well, rectifie, better, best. Amongst which, the words Weal, welfare, are mentioned as Synonoma, denoting such a state of being as is desira­ble, and are supposed to be Substantives Neuter. Well-doing or Good action, is the Substan. Act. The words Good, right, regular, are the Positive adjectives from the root. Better, best, are the Comparative and Superlative adjectives. Well, right, &c. are the Adverbs. Rectifie is good make, and to be expressed by composition with the Transcendental particle of Cause.

So for the Opposite to this, EVI [...] NESS to which these words are ad­joyned, [Page 291] Ill, bad, naught, wrong, amiss, shrewd, scurvy, lewd, horrid, horrible, corrupt, pravity, deprave, sin, fault, trespass, transgress-ion, Peccadillo, worse. Amongst which, the words Badness, pravity, are Synonymous to the Ra­dicals, and supposed to be Substantives newter. The words Sin, fault, trespass, trangression, will be Substan. Act. which being compounded with the Transcendental Particle, Diminutive or Augmentative, will denote a Peccadillo or small fault, or an Enormity or heinous crime. The words Evil ill, bad, naught, wrong, corrupt, are Adjectives of this root, and being compounded with the Transcendental Particle of Augmentative, will be of the same importance with those other words, Shrewd, scurvy, lewd, horrid, horrible, &c. The words Ill, amiss, wrong, badly, naughtily, are the Adverbs. The words denoting to sin, trespass, transgress, are the Verb. Act. which being compounded with the Transcendental Particle of Cause, will signifie Corrupt, deprave.

So in the Tables of Substance, Be. II. 1. the Radical is KINE, SUB­STANCE. signify­ing the Bovinum genus ; the other words reduced to it are, Bull, Cow, Ox, Calf, Heifer, Bullock, Steer, Beef, Veal, Runt, Bellow, Low, Heard, Cowheard. Some of which are to be made off from this root by compositions with the Transcendental Particles.

The rest are to be made off by other Compositions: So Ox is untesticled or gelt Bull; Beef, Veal, is the flesh of Kine or Calf.

Be. II. 2 The Radical is SHEEP; to which are adjoyned the words, Ram, Yew, Lamb, Weather, Mutton, Bleat, Fold, Flock, Shepheard. Each of which words are to be made off from this radical, [...] y some kind of compo­sitions.

Gelt Ram is Weather, Flesh of Sheep is Mutton.

Mag. III. A. the Radical is FIGURE, QUANTITY. to which these other words are annexed, viz. Shape, Feature, Fashion, Form, Frame, Scheme, Lineament, the make, well set or proportioned, transform, transfigure, deface, disfigure. Amongst which the former words, Shape, Feature, Fashion, Form, Frame, Scheme, Lineament, the make, are, according to one of those senses wherein each of them is commonly used, the more mediate Synonyma, the rest are to be made off by composition, either with

• Perfective, well-set or proportioned.
• Corruptive, defaced, disfigured.

Sp. I. 1. The Radical is PRESENT, to which is adjoyned, at this time, now, immediately, instantly, current, ready. The more immediate Synony­ma [Page 292] are, This time or instant. The words Current, ready, are Adjectives. Now, immediately, instantly, are the Adverbs of this root.

One of the Opposites to this Radical, is PAST, or time past ; to which these other words are put, Expired, former, foregone, ago, already, even now, heretofore gone, over, out, a-late, erewhile, long since, which are thus to be made off. The words Expired, former, foregone, over, out, are the Adje­ctives of this root. The words already, heretofore, out, are the Adverbs, which being compounded with the Transcendental Particle.

• Augment. will sig­nifie. A great while ago, long since.
• Dimin. will sig­nifie. Even now, a-late, erewhile, a little while ago.

The other Opposite is FUTURE, to which these words are adjoyn­ed, Time to come, after time, hereafter, presently, anon, by and by, shortly▪ strait­way, ere long, henceforth, process of time, after a long while. Amongst which these words or phrases, Time to come, after time, process of time, are Syno­nymous substantives. Hereafter, henceforth, are Adverbs, which being com­pounded with the Transcendental Particle of

• Augment▪ will sig­nifie After a long while.
• Diminut. will sig­nifie Presently, by and by, anon, shortly, straitway, ere long.

Sp. II. 3. is the Radical NEARNESS, to which these other words are added, Vicinity, Propinquity, Proximity, nigh, next▪ close, adjacent, adjoyn, neighbouring, imminent, impendent, immediate, ready at hand, accost, draw on, approach, at, by, hard by, beside, hithermost. Amongst which, the words Vici­nity, Propinquity, Proximity, are Synonymous substantives. Nigh, close, ad­jacent, adjoyning, neighbouring, imminent, impendent, immediate, next, hi­thermost, are Adjectives. By, hard by, at, at hand, besides, are Adverbs. Approach, accost, draw neer or on, are Verbs.

So for the Opposite to this, REMOTENESS, to which are adjoyned the words, farr, farther, aloof, wide of, distant, utmost, ultimate, great way off. Amongst which the words, far, farther, distant, utmost, ultimate, are Ad­jectives. Aloof, wide of, a great way off, are Adverbs.

QUALITY. NP. II. 3. the radical word is MEMORY, to which these other words are adjoyned, Recollect, recal commemorate, remember, call or come to mind, put in mind, suggest, record, recount, con over, getting by heart, by rote, without book, at ones fingers ends, memorable, Memorial, Memorandum, mindful. Amongst which the words, Remember, commemorate, record, re­count, are Verbs, which being compounded with the Transc. Particle.

• Cause, will signifie Suggest, put in mind, or cause to remember.
• Endea­vour. will sig­nifie. For the present, Recal, recollect, call to mind.
• Endea­vour. will sig­nifie. For the future, Con over, get by heart, by rote, &c.

Mindful is an Adject. Neut. Memorable is an Adj. Pass. Abstr. Memoran­dum, Memorial, is to be compounded with the Transcend. Part. Sign, de­noting a Sign for remembrance.

NP. V. 9. the Radical is SWIFTNESS, to which these other words are adjoyned, Fleetness, Celerity, Speed, fast, apace, quick, sudden, rapid, hur­ry, accelerate, hasten, cursory, hye, expedite, run, scud, whisk, post. Amongst which the words, Fleetness, Celerity, Speed, are Synonymous subst. Quick, sudden, fast, rapid, expedite, cursory, are Adj. Apace, quickly-er, are Adverbs. Hye, hasten, run, post, hurry, scud, whisk, are Verbs. Accelerate, expedite, as also hasten, hurry, when they denote a Transitive efficiency, are to be expressed by composition with the Transc. [...] article of Cause or make.

So for the Opposite to this, SLOWNESS; to which are adjoyned [Page 293] the words, Heaviness, slackness, dull, slugg, tardy, leasurely, softly, dilatory, retard, foreslow, delay, Lob, Lubber, lumpish, Lurdan, torpid, unwieldy, gingerly. The words, Slackness, heaviness, are Synonymous substantives. Dull, slug­gish, tardy, lumpish, torpid, unwieldy, dilatory, are the Adjectives of this root; which being compounded with the Transc. partic. of Person, will be of the same signification with those other words, Slugg, Lob, Lubber, Lurdan.

The words, Slowly, leasurely, softly, gingerly, are the Adverbs of this Radical. Retard, soreslow, delay, are the Verbs.

So Man. I. O. the Radical word is VICE; to which these other words are reduced, Sin, Crime, Dishonesty, Improbity, Trespass, Transgression, Fault, Failing, Infirmity, oversight, turpitude, unrighteous, unjust, vile, base, loose, evil, ill, bad, naught, corrupt, venial, wicked, heinous, debaucht, lewd, law­less, licentious, fowl, flagitious, enormous, Profligate, Miscreant, Ruffian, Cai­tiff, Villain, Rakehell, Libertine, defile, pollute, which are thus to be made off from this root.

• Augment will sig­nifie Crime, Enormity, Turpitude.
• Dim will sig­nifie Fault, Infirmity, Failing, Oversight.
• Evill, ill, bad, naught, corrupt, vicious, unrighteous, unjust, are the Ad­ject. Neut. which being compounded with the Transcend. Particle, Augment. will be of the same importance with those other words, Base, Foul, Lewd, Filthy, debauched, flagitious, Enormious, profligate, heinous, mortall. If it be compounded with the Transcendental Par­ticle Dim ▪ it will signifie Venial. If with the Transc. Partic. for Per­son, it signifies, Ruffian, Villain, Rake-hell, Libertine, Miscreant, Caitiffe.
• Corrupt, defile, pollute, debauch, are the Verb compounded with the Transcendental Particle of Cause, or Make.

In the Tables of Action. AS. V.4. O. The Radical is GRIEF; ACTION▪ to which are adjoyned the words, Sadness, Sorrow, Melancholy, Heaviness, dolefull, deplorable, disconsolate, bitter, pensive, dejected, tragical, rufull, amort, moan, bemoan, wail, bewail, lament, dump, cast down, vex, trouble, Cutt, take on, whimper, pule, woe, agony, anguish, mourn, cry, take heavily. Which are thus to be made off from the Root.

• Sadness, sorrow, Heaviness, Melancholy, Trouble, are Synonymous Subst. which being compounded with the Transc. Particle Augmentative, will express those other words, Anguish, woe, Agony.
• Pensive, sad, Heavy, Melancholy, sorrowfull, dejected, disconsolate, cast down, are Adjectives; which being compounded as the former, will be of the same importance with those other words, Dolefull, rufull, bitter, tragical.
• Deplorable, dolefull, may be the Adject. P. Abst.
• Take on, take heavily, Verbs to be compounded with the Transcendental Particle Augment.
• whimper, pule, whine, Verbs to be compounded with the Transcendental Particle Dimin.
• Vex, Cut, cast down, are Verbs Active.
• Dump, all amort, to be compounded with the Transc. Partic. Impetus.

[Page 294] AC. I. 7. O. The Radical is DYING; to which these other words are adjoyned, Death, deadly, mortall, fatall, dye, decease, depart▪ expire▪ give up the ghost, defunct, kill, slay, mortifie, dispatch, slaughter, mortality, Capital ; which are thus to be made off.

• Death is Subst. N. Mortality is Subst. N. Abst. Slaughter is the Subst. compounded with the Particle Cause.
• Dead, defunct, is Adj N. Deadly, fatall, mortall, capital, is Adj. A. Abst.
• Dye, decease, depart, expire, give up the Ghost, is the Verb; which being compounded with the Transcendental Particle Cause or make, will signifie to Kill, slay, dispatch, mortifie.

AC. III. 1. The Radical is SPEAKING; to which these words are ad­joyned, Talke, utter-ance, mention, Elocution, pronounce, express, deliver, Pro­lation, Spokesman, effable, voluble, fluent say, tell, mutter, mumble, jabber, jar­gon, Vein, Grammar, Rhetoric, Oratory, Eloquence, Prolocutor, nuncupative, by word of mouth.

Talking, Telling, Saying, Expressing, Delivering, Mentioning, are Substant. Synonymous to the Radical; which being compounded with the Transc. Particle of Manner, will denote the sense of those other words which denote a respect to the mode of speaking, viz. Elocution, Pronunciation, Vtterance, Vien : And being compounded with the Particle Officer, it signifies, Proloquutor. If with the Particle Art, it may denote the seve­ral Acts of speaking. So the Art of speaking congruously is Grammar ; ornately is Rhetoric, Eloquence ; Perswadingly is Oratory, Eloquence. If with the Particle Corruptive, it may signifie, Muttering, Mumbling, Iabber, Iargon. The words Fluency, Volubility, are the Subst. Abst. Act. with the Particle Perfective. Nuncupative-ly, by word of mouth, are the Adj. and Adv. of this root. Talk, tell, say, utter, are the Verbs. Spokesman, is the pro, or instead, speaking person.

AC. III. 7. The Radical is WRITING; to which these other words are annexed, Penning, Drawing, Engrossing, Hand, Manuscript, subscribe, su­perscribe, inscribe, transcribe, postscript, interline, indorse, scrawle, scrible, Penman, Scribe, Scrivener, Secretary, Clerk, Note, Ticket, Docket, Shorthand, Tachygraphy, Brachygraphy, Cryptography, set ones hand, set down, take or put in writing, enter into book.

Which words are thus to be made off from this root. The words Pen­ning, drawing, and the Phrases, set ones hand, take or put in writing, enter into book, are the more immediate Synonyma of the Radical. Hand, Ma­nuscript, draught, are the Substantive Passive.

• Scribe, Penman, Writer Adj. Act.
• Secretary, Clerk, Scribe Adj. Act.
• Scrivener. Adj. Act.
• Note, Ticket, Docket Adject. Pas.
• Short-hand, Brachygra­phy, Stenography Subst.
• Tachygraphy Subst.
• Cryptography Subst.
• Engr [...] ss, write out fair Verb
• Scrible, scrawl Verb
• Subscribe, superscribe, inscribe, &c. are the Verb, compounded with the Prepositions▪ Sub, super, in, &c.

with the Transc. Partic.

[Page 295] In the Tables of Relation. RO. I. 2. The Radical is PARENT; RELATION. to which are adjoyned the words Sire, Father, Mother, Damm, paternal, ma­ternal, Grandsire, &c. Orphan, which are thus to be expressed,

• Sire, Father are Parent Male
• Mother, Damm are Parent Female
• Paternal, Maternal, are the Adjectives of Father, Mother; Grandsire

is Fathers Father, or second Father; Orphan is un-parented.

So for the Opposite Radical CHILD; to which these other words are adjoyned, Issue, Son, Daughter, Brood, Litter, filial, adopt, posthume, which are thus to be expressed.

• Issue, Brood, Litter By composition with the Transcendental Partic. Kind
• Son By composition with the Transcendental Partic. Male
• Daughter By composition with the Transcendental Partic. Female
• Adopt By composition with the Transcendental Partic. Cause

Filial is the Adj. Posthume is a Child born after the Parents Death.

RC. I. 2. The Radical is KING; to which these words are adjoyned, Soveraign, Emperor, Imperial, Monarch, Queen, regall, royal-ty, Majesty, Reign, Kingdom, Lord, Dynasty▪ Sultan, Cham, Liege Lord, Regent, Realm, Dia­dem, Crown, Coronation, Scepter, Throne, inthrone, Viceroy.

Which are thus to be made off. The Radical being a Substantive of the Person, these other words must be Synonymous to it, viz. Soveraign, Monarch▪ Emperor, Lord, Liege Lord, Sultan, Cham, Regent. The word Emperor being sometimes used for such a one as hath other Kings under his Dominion, may according to this notion of it, be expressed by com­position, with the Transc. Particle of Augmentative. Queen by the Par­ticle Foem. Majesty, Royalty, are Subst. Abst. Regal, royal, Soveraign, Im­perial, are the Adject. N. Realm, Kingdom, are the Adj. Pass. with the Particle, Thing. The Reign is the Subst. Act. To Reign is the Verb. Viceroy, Regent, is Adj Act. with Trans. Part. Person and the Preposition Pro, or instead. Crown, Diadem, is Head-Sign of Majesty. Scepter is Staff-Sign of Majesty. Throne is Royal Seat. Coronation, inthroning, is solem­nity of King-making, or King-declaring.

By these Instances, it may appear, what course is to be taken, with that great variey of Words, adjoyned to other Radicals.

The things and notions provided for in these Tables, §. IV. are such only as are of a more simple nature; others that are of a more mixed and com­plicated signification, are to be expressed periphrastically, as may be seen in the Dictionary. Such words only, are absolutely necessary for such a design, as are purely simple; which if they could be acurately distingui­shed, would be much fewer then those here enumerated; But for the preventing of frequent and large periphrases, it may be convenient to take in some others that are not purely simple.

There are some kinds of things that are not capable of being provided for in a Character and Language, proposed for Universal use, as namely all such as are appropiated to particular Places or Times.

I. Such as are peculiar to some particular place or Nation, As

1. Titles of Honour, Duke, Marquess, Earl, Viscount, Baron, Baronet, Knight, Esquire, &c. Which are to be expressed by the several degrees which they belong to in the Nobilitas Major, or Minor.

2. Titles of Office and Pl [...] ce, as Sheriff, Maior, Bayliff, &c. Master, [Page 296] Warden, President, Provost, Principal, Rector, &c. which are all to be expressed by the common notion of Prefecture.

3. Degrees in Professions, Doctor, Master, Bachelour, Serjeant at Law, Barrister, &c.

4. Law Terms of Tenures, Writ, &c. Copyhold, Freehold, Knights-service, &c. Habeas corpus, nisi prius, Defeasance, Certiorari, Replevin, supersedeas, Subpaena, &c.

5. To which may be added the several terms of Heraldry, as Fess, Che­vron, &c. which are not common to all Nations.

II. Such as are continually altering, according to several ages and times, As

1. Vests and Garments, to which there are every day new names as­signed, according as several fashions do arise.

2. Kinds of Stuffs, as Baise, Flannel, Serge, Kersey, Grograin, Tammy, Tabby, Sattin, Plush, Velvet, Tiffany, Lawn, Douless, Canvas, Buc­krom, &c. Diaper, Damask, &c. which are to be periphrastically ex­pressed by their matter and figure.

3. Games and Plays, of which the old ones do continually grow into disuse, and every age produceth new kinds.

4. Drinks, The Wines of several Countries, and Grapes, as Malmsey Muskadell, &c. And so for other made Drink, as Tei, Coffi, Chocolate, Rambuze, Syllabub, &c.

5. Meats, as several prepared Dishes, Cullace, Bisk, Oglia, &c. The variety of Breads, Bisket, Cracknel, Bunn, Simnel, &c. Several confe­ctions, as Marmalade, Codigny, &c. Confections in Physick, as Diascor­dium, Mithridate, &c.

6. Tunes for Musick, or Dauncing, as Coranto, Galliard, Sarabrand, Jig, Pavan, Almain, &c And so for the various kinds of Musical Instru­struments, Sackbut, Hauboy, Cornet, Lute, Theorbo, Viol, Cittern, &c.

7. The names of several Tools belonging to Trades, which are not the same in all Nations, and are every day multiplyed.

8. To which may be added the names of divers sects, whether Phi­losophical, Political, or Religious; which are various according to se­veral places and Times, many of them being derived from the names of Persons, and therefore not to be provided for in such a Theory of things as is proposed for Universal use. But as any of these may be periphra­stically expressed in the Latin, or in the Language of any other Nation, which has no one word for them; so may they likewise, with the same facility be described in a Philosophical Character or Language.

PART. III. Concerning Natural Grammar.

Chap. i. 1. concerning the several kinds and parts of grammar. 2. of etymo­logy, the general scheme of integralls and particles. 3. of nouns in general. 4. of substantives common, denoting either things, acti­ons, or persons. 5. rules concerning nouns of action. 6. of sub­stantive abstracts. 7. of adjectives according to the true philosophi­cal notion of them. 8. the true notion of a verb. 9. of derived adverbs. 10. a general scheme of the fore-mentioned derivations..

HAving now dispatched the second thing proposed to be treated of, namely, the Scientifical part, § I. containing a regular enumeration and description of such things and notions, as are to be known, and to which names are to be assigned, which may be stiled Vniversal Philosophy ; I proceed in the next place to the Organical part, or an enquiry after such kind of necessary helps, whereby as by instruments we must be assisted in the forming these more simple notions into complex Pro­positions and Discourses, which may be stiled Grammar, containing the Art of Words or Discourse.

Grammar may be distinguisht into two kinds; 1. Natural, and Ge­neral ; 2. Instituted and Particular.

1. Natural Grammar, (which may likewise be stiled Philosophi­cal, Rational, and Universal) should contain all such Grounds and Rules, as do naturally and necessarily belong to the Philosophy of letters and speech in the General.

2. Instituted and Particular Grammar, doth deliver the rules which are proper and peculiar to any one Language in Particular; as about the Inflexion of words, and the Government of cases, &c. In the Latin, Greek, De Causis L. L. Cap. 76. &c. and is defined by Scaliger to be scientia loquendi ex usu.

The first of these only is upon this occasion to be considered. It hath been treated of but by few, which makes our Learned Verulam put it among his Desiderata ; I do not know any more that have pur­posely written of it, but Scotus in his Grammatica speculativa, and Caramuel in his Grammatica Audax, and Campanella in his Grammatica Philosophica. (As for Schioppius his Grammar, of this title, that doth wholly concern the Latin tongue;) Besides which, something hath been occasionally spoken of it, by Scaliger in his book de causis linguae latinae ; and by Vossius in his Aristarchus. But to me it seems, that all these Authors in some measure (though some more then others) were so far prejudiced by the common Theory of the languages they were acquainted with, that they did not sufficiently abstract their rules [Page 298] according to Nature. In which I do not hope, that this which is now to be delivered can be faultless; it being very hard, (if not im­possible) wholly to escape such prejudices: yet I am apt to think it less erroneous in this respect then the rest.

The parts of Grammar are principally these three.

1. Concerning the kinds of words, or those several modes and re­spects, according to which the names of things may be varied in their Acceptions; being made either derivative Nouns, or Adverbs ; toge­ther with their several inflexions and compositions ; which may be stiled Etymology.

2. Concerning the proper union or right construction of these into Propositions or sentences; which is called Syntax.

3. Concerning the most convenient marks or sounds for the ex­pression of such names or words; whether by writing, Orthography ; or by speech, Orthoepy.

§ II. The first of these concerning the Doctrine of Words, may refer either, 1. To the formal differences or kinds of them; or, 2. To the Accidental changes of them, in respect of Inflection, Derivation, Com­position.

Words, according to their formal differences and kinds, may be thus distributed.

All words are either

• Essential and perpetual in every com­pleat sentence. The Copula.
• Integral, Pronoun.
• Sentence, or com­plex part of it Interjection.
• Construction of word with word,
• Preposition.
• Conjunction.
• Integral, Article.
• Copula, Mode.
• Integral or Cop. Tense.
• Transcendental. See Chap. 6.

By Integrals or Principal words, I mean such as signifie some entire thing or notion: whether the Ens or Thing it self, or the Essence of a thing, as Nouns Neuters, whether concrete or abstract; or the Do­ing or Suffering of a thing as Nouns Active or Passive ; or the manner and affection of it, as Derived Adverds.

§ III. Those instituted words which men do agree upon for the names and appellations of things, are stiled Nouns.

[Page 299] Every Noun which in conjunction with a Verb makes a compleat sentence, and signifies simply, and per modum subsistentis per se, is called a Substantive. That which signifies per modum Adjuncti, or adjacentis alteri, is called an Adjective.

Substantives belong either to one, called Proper: or to many, and are therefore styled Common.

The former of these are not to be brought under the rules of any science, because Individuals are Infinite; and therefore such proper names as pertain each to one only, should be esteemed as so many Ar­ticulate voices, to be expressed by such particular vowels and conso­nants as will make such respective sounds.

Noun Substantives Common are such names as are assigned to the se­veral kinds or species of things or notions; which, § IV. though they are very numerous, yet are they capable of being stated and fixed accord­ing to a Philosophical method, as is endeavoured in the fore-going Ta­bles. Concerning which these rules are to be observed.

1. Every Radical word in the Tables is supposed to be a Substan­tive; though they could not all of them be so expressed, because of the defect of proper words for them in the present Languages; upon which account there is a necessity of expressing some of them by Adje­ctives, and some by an Aggregate of words: but they are all of them to be understood as being simple Substantives.

2. These Radical Substantives may be of various kinds, either 1. Of the Thing. 2. Of the Action or Passion. Or, 3. Of the Person, Besides those other kind of Substantives which proceed from these; whether Abstracts Neuter, as Deity, Regality, &c. or such other Ab­stracts, whether Active or Passive, as denote a proclivity or capacity, as Amorousness, Amiableness, &c. which are provided for by the Tran­scendental Particles.

3. When the Radical is a Noun Substantive of the Thing, the most immediate derivations from it, are the Substantives Active and Passive, to be expressed by the mark of Active or Passive upon the Radical. And the Substantive of the person, whether Agent or Patient, by the Adjective, Active or Passive in the Aorist Tense, with the Transcen­dental mark of Person ; So Dux and Calor, Light and Heat, are Sub­stantives of the Thing▪ Illuminatio and Calefactio, Enlightning, Heat­ing, are the Substantives Active, or of the Action; [...] illuminari, cale­sieri, the being Enlightned and Heated are Substantives Passive: or of the Passion; Illuminator, Calefactor, or illuminans & calefaciens persona, the Enlightner and Heater, are Substantives of the Person agent; Illu­minatus and Calefactus, the Illuminated or Heated, are Substantives of the Person Patient.

4. When the Radical is a Substantive of the Action, then the Sub­stantive of the Person, is to be expressed as in the former rule; so Liga­tio, Pastio, Salivatio ; Binding, Feeding, Spitting, are Substantives of the Action; Ligator, Pastor, Salivator ; Binder, Feeder, Spitter, are Substantives of the Agent; and Ligatus, Pastus, Salivatus ; Bound, Fed, Bespit, are the Substantives of the Patient. And the Substantive of the Thing whether Active or Passive, is in this case to be expressed, by the Adjective, Active or Passive in the Aorist Tense, with the Tran­scendental [Page 300] mark of Thing. So Ligans res, a binding thing, is Ligamen­tum, a Bond or String; and nutriens or pascens res, a nourishing or feeding thing, is nutrimentum, food or nourishment; so ligata res, a bound thing, is Ligatum, a Bundle or Fardle; so excreta or salivata res, is Excrementum, or Saliva, Excrement or Spittle.

5. When the Radical is a Substantive of the Person, then the Sub­stantive of the Action or Passion (as was said before) are the most immediate derivations from it, and to be expressed by the Mark of Active or Passive upon the Radical; So Magistratus, Rex, Iudex, &c. Magistrate, King, Iudge, &c. are Radicals of the Person; The Sub­stantives of Action belonging to each of these, are Gubernatio, Regna­tio, Iudicatio, Governing, Reigning, Iudging ; And the Substantive of the Thing whether Active or Passive, is to be expressed by the Adjective Active or Passive in the Aorist Tense, with the Transcendental note of Thing ; So Gubernans res a governing thing; regens res a reign­ing thing; and judicans res a judging thing, viz. A Canon or Rule by which we judge of streight and crooked, right and wrong; So Gubernata res, the governed thing, is Ditio, Territory, Dominion, Ju­risdiction; Regnata res, is Regnum the Kingdom; Iudicata res, is Iudi­cium, Judgment.

As those names which are assigned to signifie things themselves, and do not denote either Action or Passion, are stiled Nouns neuter : so those names which are assigned to signifie the Doing or Suffering of things are stiled Active or Passive. The same notion which in the Greek and Latin is expressed by the Infinitive Mode Active or Passive, is that which I here intend by the Substantive Active or Passive; and that it may properly be so stiled, I shall endeavour to prove afterwards.

Though every Noun Substantive have not an Active or Passive be­longing to it either in the Greek, Latin, English, &c. yet according to the Nature and Philosophy of things, whatsoever hath an Essence, must likewise have an Act ; either of Being or becoming: or of Doing or being done: or of making or being made: to be, or do. And consequently every Radical Substantive which is capable of Action, should have an Active or Passive formed from it, which is commonly called a Verb.

As for such things which have not of their own any proper Act of Doing, they are not capable of the derivation of Active and Passive, ob defectum materiae ; as in the words Stone, Mettle, &c. But the Verbs belonging to such Radicals can be only Neuter, denoting the Act of Being or becoming; unless when they are compounded with the Transcendental mark of Causatio, which will adde to them a Transi­tive sense, as Petrifie, Metallifie, &c.

§ V. As for such other Radicals as are capable of Action or Passion, these Rules are to be observed concerning them.

1. More Generally these two.

1. Things which according to common acception have belonging to them any one proper Act of Doing ; their Verbs Actives will denote this Act: For instance, the Verb or Substantive Active of the words Fire, Water, &c. is to burn, wet; and so for those Acts of the several parts, Tongue, Tooth, Mouth, Throat, Foot, Heel, whose active by this [Page 301] Rule will be to lick, bite, devour, swallow, trample, kick, and the Active of Bow, Gun, is to Shoot as with a Bow, Gun.

2. Things which have not, according to common acception, any one kind of peculiar Act of Doing appropriate to them; the Actives belonging to such things, will signifie in the General to Act or do ac­cording to the nature of such things.

2. More Particularly these four.

1. The Actives belonging to such Radicals as are Substances, whe­ther Absolute or Relative, do signifie to Act according to the nature of such Substances; so in absolute Substances, the Active of God, Spi­rit, Man, will signifie to Act as God, Spirit, Man; and so in Relative Substances, the Active of Father, Iudge, Magistrate, is to Act as a Fa­ther, Judge, Magistrate.

2. The Actives of Quality, whether Predicamental or Transcen­dental, do denote the Acts of those species, with particular reference to the differences under which they are placed; So the Active of East, West, Obliquity, &c. being under the difference of Situation, must sig­nifie to situate a thing Easterly, Westerly, Obliquely. The words of Line, Surface, Body, being under the difference of Dimension ; the Active belonging to them must signifie to Dimensionate as either of these.

The words under the differences of Figure, must in their Actives signifie to Figure according to such particular shapes.

Those under the difference of Time, the Actives of Present, Simul­taneous, Newness, Oldness, Sooness, &c. must signifie to Act with such respects of Time.

The Actives of the Differences and Species under Measure, should regularly signifie to Measure by Number, Magnitude, Gravity, Valour, Duration. The Active of Inch, Foot, Pace, Fathom, is to Measure by Inch, Foot, &c. and so for those other Species of Grane, Drachm, &c. Farthing, Penny, &c.

The Active of Minute, Hour, Day, Night, &c. will signifie to conti­nue for such portions or measures of time, according to the sense of the Difference, Duration, under which these species are placed.

The Active of Infancy, Childhood, Adolescency, &c. may signifie to pass the time of one's Infancy, Childhood, Adolescency, &c.

3. The Active of such Radicals as are Qualities, whether Predica­mental or Transcendental, signifie to do or deal according to the sig­nification of the said qualities; So the Active of Fidelity, Severity, &c. will signifie to deal or Act, Faithfully, Severely, &c. The Active of Goodness, Evilness, &c. will signifie to Act or Do well or ill, &c.

4. The Active of such Radicals as denote Actions, need no other ex­plication but this, that some of them are Active Absolute, which in the usual Grammars are stiled Neuter ; as Sto, Sedeo, Curro ; others Tran­sitive, denoting a transient efficiency; into which latter kind, the former of these may be changed (as was said before) by composition with the Transcendental mark of Causation.

There are several English Verbs, which, without admitting any change by Composition or Inflexion, have both a Neuter and a Tran­sitive signification; as Corrupt, Feed, Starve, Famish, Move, Rest, Hang, Extend, Shrink, Stagger, Stay, &c. whose sense is to be distinguisht by the construction.

[Page 302] There are some Verbs of the same Natural Philosophical Radix, which are yet expressed by different words, as Laugh, Deride, Weep, Bemoan, must, need, Necessitate, &c. And the different notion of these and such like Verbs, is not capable of being expressed by the Transcen­dental point of causation : but by placing after them such a Noun Sub­stantive, or Pronoun Substantive, as may denote the object of those several acts. So the word Laugh, being put without any Substantive following, doth signifie in the Neuter sense the bare act of Laughing; but if the word me or him, &c. doth immediately follow the Verb, then it is to be rendered deride or laugh at, me, him, &c.

§ VI. Besides those Concrete Substantives, which signifie the Ens or thing it self, there are other Substantives which denote the Essence of things, stiled Abstracts. And these may likewise be distinguished into, Neuter, Active, Passive.

That is stiled Neuter which denotes the naked Essence of a thing, without any inclination to Action or Passion, as Deity, Regality.

That is stiled an Abstract Active, which implies a proclivity to Action, as Regnativity, Amativeness, or Amorousness.

That is called Passive, which denotes a capacity or fitness for re­ceiving or suffering of Action, as Regibility, Amiableness.

Such Radicals as are Concretes, are capable (according to the nature of the things denoted by them) to have all these three kinds of Ab­stracts formed from them. Whereas such Radicals, as are themselves Abstracts Neuter, (as namely several of those under the Genus 's and Differences of Quality and Action ) are capable only of the two latter kinds to be formed from them.

§ VII. As Noun Substantives are the names which are given to things, con­sidered simply, and as subsisting by themselves : So Noun Adjectives are the names which are given to the Adjunct natures of things, the noti­on of them consisting in this, that they signifie, the subject or thing to which they are ascribed, to have in it something belonging to the na­ture or quality of those Adjectives, which are predicated of it, or li­mited by it.

And besides this common notion, they do sometimes likewise in the instituted Languages refer to other notions; as, 1. To aboundance, so the words populous, pretious, sumptuous, &c. so in Latin, fluvius piscosus, aquosa regio. 2. To likeness, so the word dogged, currish, waspish, Seraphicus, Angelicus, &c. 3. To Possession, so Domus regia, a royal house. 4. To the matter of which any thing doth consist; so scutum aheneum, A brazen shield. But each of these notions may be otherwise more distinctly provided for. The two first by the Tran­scendental marks of Augmentative and Like ; and the two next by the prepositions of Possessor and Material cause. And so the true genuine sense of a Noun Adjective will be fixed to consist in this, that it im­ports this general notion of Pertaining to, or being Affected with.

Those Adjectives are stiled Neuters which do not denote either Action or Passion; as Calidus, Lucidus, Hot, Light.

Those are stiled Active or Passive, which denote the Action or Pas­sion of the Adjunct thing or Essence. And because these according to [Page 303] the common Theory do Participate both of Noun and Verb; there­fore are they by Grammarians stiled Participles ; Active, as Calefaci­ens, Illuminans, Heating, Enlightning: or Passive, Calefactus, Illumina­tus, Heated, Illuminated.

And as Abstract Substantives, may be formed from the Concrete; so likewise may Adjectives, which are also distinguishable into Neu­ters Active, Passive.

That part of speech, which by our Common Grammarians is stiled a Verb, (whether Neuter, § VIII. Active or Passive) ought to have no distinct place amongst Integrals in a Philosophical Grammar; because it is re­ally no other then an Adjective, and the Copula sum affixed to it or con­teined in it: So Caleo, Calefacio, Calefio, is the same with sum

• Calefaciens.
• Calefactus.

Concerning which Copula, and the use of it; more shall be said hereafter.

That kind of word, which is commonly adjoyned to a Verb, to signifie the quality and affection of the Action or Passion, § IX. is stiled an Adverb ; which may be distinguished into Derived and Vnderived. The former of these is here particularly intended, and doth generally belong to Languages. The latter is afterwards treated of amongst the Particles.

As every Radical is supposed naturally to have its Adjective, so like­wise its Adverb ; and though no Language in use doth admit of so general a derivation of Adverbs, yet the true reason of this is from their imperfection and deficiency; for the Signs ought always to be adequate unto the things or notions to be signified by them.

As Adjectives were before distinguished into Neuter, Active, Passive, so likewise ought Adverbs to be. And as every Adverb is immediately derived from some Adjective, so every kind of Adjective hath some kind of Adverb derived from it.

For the more easie understanding of these things, I shall here adjoyn a general Scheme of the fore-mentioned derivations; wherein I shall be necessitated to form several new words according to common analogy.

All Integrals are either. § X.

• Substantive. Neuters [...] calere vel calor. Lucere vel lux. Heat. Light. Active. Calefactio. A. Illuminatio. Heating. Enlightning. Passive. Calefactio. P. Illuminari. Being Heated. Enlightned.
• Adjective. Neuter. Calidus. Lucidus. Hot. Light. Active. Calefaciens. Illuminans. Heating. Enlightning. Passive. Calefactus. Illuminatus. Heated. Enlightned.
• Adverb. Neuter. Calidè. Lucidè. Hotly. Lightly. Active. Calefacienter. Illuminanter. Heatingly. Illuminatingly. Passive. Calefactè. Illuminatè. Heatedly. Illuminatedly.
• [Page 304] Substantive. Neuter. Caloritas. Luciditas. Hotness. Lightness. Active. Calefactivitas. Illuminativitas. Calefactivity. Illuminativity. Passive. Calefactibilitas. Illuminabilitas. Calefactibility. Illuminability.
• Adjective. Neuter. Caloritativus. Luciditativus. Caloritative. Luciditative. Active. Calefactivus. Illuminativus. Calefactive. Illuminative. Passive. Calefactibilis. Illuminabilis. Calefactible. Illuminable.
• Adverb. Neuter. Caloritativè. Luciditativè. Caloritatively. Luciditatively. Active. Calefactivè. Illuminativè. Calefactively. Illuminatatively. Passive. Calefactibiliter. Illuminabiliter. Calefactibly. Illuminably.

CHAP. II. 1. Of Particles in general. 2. Of the Copula. 3. Of Pronouns more generally. 4. More Particularly. 5. Of Interjections more gene­rally. 6. More Particularly.

§ I. HAving thus explained what is meant by Integral words, which signifie entire things and notions, with the several kinds of them. I proceed in the next place to treat, concerning Particles, or less prin­cipal words, which may be said to consignifie, serving to circumstan­tiate and modifie those Integral words, with which they are joyned, being stiled by the Hebrew Grammarians Dictiones.

The words of this kind are exceeding numerous and equivocal in all Languages, and add much to the difficulty of learning them. It being a very hard matter to establish the just number, of such as in all kinds are necessary, and to fix to them their proper significations, which yet ought to be done in a Philosophical Grammar. I shall in this Essay, select out of Instituted Languages, such of the several sorts, as I con­ceive sufficient for this purpose.

These were before distinguished, into such as refer, either to Gram­matical, or Transcendental notion.

Those are stiled Grammatical, which supposing words to retain their primary sense, do serve for the circumstantiating of them, either by union, abbreviation, inflexion, or some other way for the quali­fying of their significations or constructions.

The most necessary amongst all the rest, which is essential and per­petual in every compleat sentence, § II. is stiled the Copula ; which serves for the uniting of the Subject and Predicate in every Proposition. The word Subject I use, as the Logicians do, for all that which goes before the Copula ; which if it consist of only one word, then it is the same which Grammarians call the Nominative case. By the word Predicate, I mean likewise all that which follows the Copula in the same sentence, whereof the Adjective (if any such there be) immediately next after the Copula, is commonly incorporated with it in instituted Languages, and both together make up that which Grammarians call a Verb.

[Page 305] Amongst those Particles which are not essential and perpetual, but used according to occasion, some are stiled Substitutive ; because they supply the room either, 1▪ Of some Integral word, as Pronouns, or 2. Of some Sentence or complex part of it, as Interjections.

As Nouns are notes or signs of things, so Pronouns are of Nouns; § III. and are therefore called Pronomina, quasi vice Nominum, Jul. Scalig. de caus. L. L. Cap. 127. as being placed commonly instead of Nouns. They represent things either

1. Immediately and in kind, without respect to the names of those things. So when its said, I exhort thee or him: The Pronoun I repre­sent to our thoughts the person speaking, suppose Iohn ; and the words thee, him, the person spoken to or of, suppose William or Thomas.

2. Mediately by their names, which are either

1. Exprest with the Pronoun, as commonly it happens upon the first intimation or mention of the thing; as this or that man or book, and in these cases the Pronouns are commonly called Demonstrative.

2. Supplyed by the Pronouns, as is usual for Brevities sake, at the re­peating of the mention of a thing lately before spoken of; as he, it, &c. and then the Pronoun is called Relative. Examples of both sorts are to be had in the Grammars of Instituted Languages.

More commodiously for our purpose, the Pronouns are to be con­sidered either according to their, 1. Number. 2. Modifications.

1. As to their Number ; there are twelve which may be stiled simple Pronouns, and three other that are Compound.

The Simple Pronouns, for the better convenience of and comply­ance with the Characters, are reduced into these three combinations; whereof the first and last combinations are single, the other double.

• Certain one.

Of all which it is to be observed, that they are in some kind or other, Quantitatives ; that is to say, every one of these Pronouns makes the whole Proposition, or at least that part of the Proposition, which is affected with it, according to its own nature, to be either Sin­gular, Indefinite, Particular or Universal.

2. The Modifications of Pronouns, whereby they are varied into different significations, are of two kinds.

1. Possessive, denoting a relation of Propriety or Possession unto the person or thing spoken of, which is applicable to all Pronouns, as I, Mine; Who, Whose, &c.

2. Reduplicative, denoting a particular Emphasis, whereby a word is raised and intended in its signification; as I my self, Thou thy self, &c.

Moreover it is to be observ'd, that the Personal Pronouns, and any of the rest being us'd Substantively, are capable of Number and Case; and that all other Pronouns beside the Personal, are capable of Com­position with the Transcendentals of Person and Thing, of Place, Time and Manner.

All these Pronouns I have thought fit to represent more largely un­der four combinations in these following Tables.

[Page 306] § IV. The first Combination of Pronouns denoting the three Persons are Substantives, and for their Quantity singular, and cannot properly re­present any other then Individual being▪ I have here adjoyned to them their plurals, for the sake of their Possessives; ours, yours, theirs, which without them cannot be so conveniently expressed.

• Meus. Poss. My, Mine.
• Egomet. Redup. Even I. I my self.
• Ego ipse. Poss. Red. my own.
• Tuus. P. Thy. Thine.
• Tu ipse, temet. R. Thy self, even thou.
• P. R. Thy own.
• Suus, ejus. P. His. Hers.
• Ipse, se. R. He himself, even he.
• P. R. His own, her own.
• Ours Noster.
• We our selves. Nos ipsi, nosmet.
• Yours. Vester.
• Your selves. Vos ipsi, vosmet.
• Theirs. Suus, eorum.
• They themselves. Illi ipsi, Ssee.

The second Combination of Pronouns as likewise the rest that fol­low, are properly Adjectives, though by reason of Ellipsis they are some­times used Substantively. The three first of them, this, that, the same, are for their Quantities singulars, and do denote several relations of Identity ; The three last, viz. Another, A certain one, Some one, are for their Quantities, Singulars or Particulars indeterminate. The first of them implies the Relation of Diversity.

• Hic ipse. R. This very P. T.
• Hìc. Pl. Here.
• Nunc. T. Now.
• Hujusmodi. M. This manner
• Ejusdem. P. Belonging to the same.
• R. Self-same.
• Ibidem. Pl.
• P. Belonging to a certain P.T.
• P. L. A certain place.
• T. A certain time.
• M. A certain manner.
• Belonging to that, it. Illius.
• That very. Ille, ipse.
• There. Illic, ibi, istic
• Then. Tunc.
• That manner. Istiusmodi.
• Anothers. Alterius.
• Wholy or quite ano­ther.
• Elsewhere. Alibi.
• Otherwhile. Alias.
• Otherwise. Aliter.
• Somebodies.
• Somewhere. Alicubi.
• Some time. Aliquando.
• Some manner.
• Some wise. Quodammodo.

[Page 307] The third Combination of Pronouns are

• P. Any ones, any bodies.
• Vllibi, usquam. Pl. Any where.
• Vnquam. T. Any time.
• Vllo modo. M. Any manner.
• P. Every ones, belonging to, or concerning every one, Person, Thing.
• Pl. Every where.
• T. Every time.
• M. Every manner.
• P. Belonging to all, Persons, Things.
• Vbi (que) Pl. All places.
• Semper. T. Always, all times.
• Omnimodo. M. All manner of ways.

The fourth and last Combination is of the mixed or compound Pronouns; so styled, because they are made up of some of the other Pronouns, compounded with the three first and most simple of the Conjunctions. The first of them Quis? WHO? is the Pronoun All, taken in pieces, with an interrogation; For he that enquires who did this, means, doubting of all, did such a one? or such a one? &c. of all them that were capable to do it: but he that doubts only of one, enquires, did he do this? where Quis is plainly resolved into a Pro­noun incorporated with a Conjunction Interrogative. And as for the second of these, Qui it is commonly translated And he. And the third Whosoever is the same as If any one. They may be distinguished into,

• WHO? which? what? Quis?
• P. Whose? Cujus?
• Pl. Where? Vbi?
• T. When? Quando?
• M. How? Quomodo?
• WHO, which, that. Qui.
• P. Whose. Cujus.
• Pl. Where. Vbi.
• T. When. Quando.
• M. After which manner. Quomodo.
• P. Whosesoever. Cujuscun (que)
• Pl. Wheresoever Vbicun (que)
• T. Whensoever. Quandocun (que)
• M. Howsoever, after what manner soever. Quomodo cunqu;

[Page 308] And thus much may serve for stating the number, nature, signifi­cation and use of this second kind of Grammatical Particle stiled Pronoun.

§ V. Those Substitutive Particles, which serve to supply the room of some sentence or complex part of it, are stiled Interjections. These are by some denyed to be words, or any part of distinct speech, but only natural signs of our mental notions, or passions, expressed by such rude incondite sounds, several of which are common with us to Brute Creatures. And as all Nations of men do agree in these kind of na­tural passions, so likewise do they very much agree in the signs or in­dications of their mirth, sorrow, love, hatred, &c.

These kind of Particles are generally expressed by aspirated sounds, affectum enim notant, Scalig. L. L. Cap. 13. & ideo confertus editur spiritus, because of that affection and vehemence, which is commonly denoted by them.

The kinds of these may be very numerous, according to the various motions and passions of the mind; but those that are of the most fre­quent and general use, may be reduced under these three combinations, whereof the first only is single, the other two double.

The two first Combinations may be styled Solitary and Passive, be­ing used by us when we are alone, § VI. or not so directly tending to dis­course with others, in which the Party speaks as suffering some muta­tion in himself. They are the result, either of a surprized.

• Iudgment, denoting either
• 1. Admiration. Heigh.
• 2. Doubting or considering. Hem, Hm, Hy.
• 3. Despising. Pish, Shy, Tysh.
• Affection ; moved by the Apprehension of Good or Evil.
• Mirth. Ha, ha, he.
• Sorrow. Hoi, oh, oh, ah.
• Love, and pity, Ah, alack, alas.
• Hate, and anger, vauh, hau.
• Utinam, [...] si. Desire, O, o that.
• Aversation, Phy.

The last Combination may be stiled Social and Active, being never used by us when we are alone, but immediately tending to discourse with others, in which the party speaks with design to procure some mutation in his Hearers. These may be distinguished into such as are

• Exclaiming. Oh, Soho.
• Silencing. St, Hush.
• Bespeaking attention. Ho, Oh.
• Expressing attention. Ha.
• Insinuation or blandishment. [...] Eia, Now.
• Threatning. [...] Vae, Wo.

THose are stiled Connexive Particles, whose proper use is to ex­press, § I. either 1. The Construction of word with word called Pre­position ; or 2. The Contexture of sentence with sentence, called Adverb and Conjunction.

Prepositions are such Particles, whose proper office it is to joyn Inte­gral with Integral on the same side of the Copula ; signifying some re­spect of Cause, Place, Time, or other circumstance either Positively or Privatively. These having such a subserviency to Nouns, in re­spect of which, they are by some stiled Adnomia, or Adnomina and Praenomina, as Adverbs have to Verbs. They are therefore here trea­ted of before Adverbs, whose office is chiefly to wait upon Verbs.

There are thirty six Prepositions or eighteen paires of them, or six Combinations, which may, with much less equivocalness then is found in instituted Languages, suffice to express those various respects, which are to be signifyed by the kind of Particle.

The two first Combinations of Prepositions, do comprehend such as are used to express Causality, and may be stiled Causal. § II.

The first Combination of Causal Prepositions are either,

• OF Cas. Gen. Cas. Abl.
• BY Ab. a. per. Ob, pro, prop­ter.
• OVT OF Ex, è. De, circa.
• CONCERNING, upon.

The second Combination of Causal Prepositions doth contain such as do relate either to the notion of

• ACCORDING TO Inster, secun­dum. Pro, vice.
• WITH Cum, Sine, abs (que)
• WITHOVT, void of
• [Page 310] Pro, Contra. FOR, on this side.
• AGAINST, opposite unto.

The rest of the Prepositions do primarily refer to Place and Situa­tion ; Secondarily to time; And some of them, by way of Analogy, to Comparison. Some of these are Absolutely determined, either to Motion, or to Rest, or the Terminus of motion. Others are relatively applicable to both ; Concerning which this rule is to be observed. That those which belong to motion, cannot signifie rest: But those which belong to rest, may likewise signifie motion in the Terminus.

The third Combination doth consist of such as respect space in ge­neral being either

• Apud. Procul. AT
• Trans. Circum. ABOVT

The fourth Combination doth consist of such Prepositions, as re­spect Space, with a particular restriction to the notion of Containing, being either.

• In. Ex. OVT OF
• Intra. Extra. WITHOVT
• Per. Praeter. BESIDE

The fifth Combination doth contain such Prepositions as relate to the Imaginary parts of a thing, whether the

• Sursum. Deorsum. VPWARDS
• Supra. Infra. ABOVE
• Ante. Post. AFTER

The sixth Combination doth comprehend such Prepositions as are applicable both to Motion and Rest, relating to the situation of [Page 311] some third thing spoken of, which the Speaker considers as being

• VPON Super. Sub.
• ON THIS SIDE Citra. Ultra.
• BETWIXT, Inter Adversus. between
• AGAINST, over against.

For the clearer explication of these Local Prepositions, I shall refer to this following Diagram. § III. In which by the Oval Figures are repre­sented the Prepositions determined to Motion, wherein the Acuter part doth point out the tendency of that motion. The squares are in­tended to signifie rest or the Term of Motion. And by the round fi­gures are represented such relative Prepositions, as may indifferently refer either to Motion or Rest.

[Page 312] Some of these Prepositions, viz. Above, Below, Before, After, are by common Analogy applicable to signifie comparison, which use being generally received, and the words having in them a natural sutable­ness to this purpose, there is no danger of any ambiguity.

Several of the Prepositions are sometimes used Adverbially, as Ante, Post, Praeter, Contra, Inter, Infra, &c. which use when it happens, the sense will easily distinguish. The difference between these two parts of speech, Prepositions and Adverbs, being so nice, that 'tis hard in some cases to distinguish them; upon which 'tis questioned, whether every Preposition as it compounds a Verb, do not put on the nature of an Adverb; and it seems to be so, because it Modifies the Act after the same manner as Adverbs do, as in the words Praeficio, Benefacio, &c.

§ I. THose two kinds of Connexive Particles which serve for the con­texture of sentence with sentence, are called Adverbs and Conjun­ctions. Chap. 1. Sect. 8. The first of these are commonly described to be such kind of words as are for the most part adjoyned to Verbs to signifie some kind of Mode or Circumstance, belonging either intrinsecally or extrinse­cally to them.

Of Aduerbs derived from Integrals, enough hath been said in the Chapter of Integrals. The rest of those words which are commonly called Adverbs, according to their true Original, are either derived from As. So. From. This. That. Pronouns, or else they are Yea. Nay. Perhaps. Truly. Modes of Verbs, or else they are Rather. Than. Conjunctions ; And some of them may be periphrastically expressed by Radicals. So that according to the true Philosophy of speech, I can­not conceive this kind of words to be properly a distinct part of speech, as they are commonly called. But until they can be distri­buted into their proper places, I have so far complyed with the Gram­mars of instituted Languages, as to place them here together, and to branch them under the five following Combinations.

§ II. Whereof the first doth consist of such Adverbs as denote

• NAY, not, no,
• Fortè, forsan. Profecto. PERHAPS, perchance,
• TRVLY, indeed, surely, in truth, verily.
• AS, Ut. Sic. even as
• SO Semblably.

The second Combination are all of them Comparative, either of

• HOW Quàm. Tam.
• MORE Magis. Maximè.
• LESS Minùs. Minimè.

The third Combination doth consist of such as are; either

• THAN Potiùs. Quàm.
• YET, still, hitherto, Adhuc, hactae­nus. Done [...] .
• WHILST Dum. Tandem.

The fourth Combination doth contein such as denote the Circum­stance of

• TOGETHER Unà, simul. Tantùm.
• ONLY, alone,
• AGAIN Iterum. Quasi.
• VN, Un. dis. Re, retro dis.

The fifth and last Combination doth consist of three single Parti­cles, denoting Proximity or nearness; being either

• ALMOST, e'en, well-nigh, towards, Fere. within a little of
• SCARCE, Vix. hardly
• THEREABOVTS, under or over.

§ III. Conjunctions are such Particles as serve for the joyning together of words, or rather of sentences. Of these there may be reckoned these four Combinations, or twelve paire; though all of them be not alike simple and of equal necessity, yet there is none of them without its particular convenience.

The first Combination doth consist of such as are either

• An. Noune. WHETHER YEA?
• WHETHER NO?
• Et, at (que) Nec. AND
• Si. Nisi. IF, so that,

The second Combination doth contain such as are either

• Equidem. Sed. BVT
• Etsi. Tamen. YET
• Vel. Sive. EITHER.

The third Combination are all of them Causal ; either

• THAT, to the end that,
• Ut. Ne. LEAST THAT
• Nam. Quia. FOR
• WHY, wherefore, what is the cause or reason,
• Cur. Ergo. THEREFORE.

The last Combination doth consist of such as are either

• WHEREAS, seeing that, sith that,
• Quum. Exinde. THEREVPON
• LIKEWISE, also, together with, moreover,
• Etiam. E [...] caet. AND SO FORTH, &c.
• Videlicet, nempe. Exemp. gr. TO WIT, viz.
• FOR EXAMPLE, EXGR.

[Page 315] The three last of these are not properly Particles or single words, but rather the Contractions of several words, they are here added to the rest for greater convenience, partly for compleating the number and filling up the vacancies; and partly in Complyance with the use of most vulgar Languages, when they write contractedly.

BEsides these fore-mentioned Particles which may be called more Absolute ; there are others more servile and auxiliary, § I. serving for the fuller expression of some Accident belonging to a word. These were before distinguished into such as do belong either, 1. To an Integral alone, as Articles. 2. To the Copula alone, as the Modes. or 3. Both to Integral and Copula as the Tenses. Each of which are in some Langua­ges taken in, or involved in the inflexion of words: But in others, they are provided for by distinct words to express them.

Articles are usually prefixed before Substantives for the more full and distinct expression of them, they may be distinguished into

Enuntiative, which may be used indifferently before any Substan­tive, not already pos [...] est with the Demonstrative. A. An.

Demonstrative, which gives a peculiar Emphasis to its Substantive, and is applyed only to such a Person or Thing, as the hearer knows, or hath reason to know, because of its eminence or some precedent mention of it. The

Though these be not absolutely necessary to a Language, because the Latin is without them; yet are they so convenient for the greater di­stinctness of speech, that upon this account, both the Hebrew, Greek, Slavonick, and most other Languages have them.

To shew in what manner the subject is to be joyned with his Predi­cate, the Copula between them is affected with a Particle, § II. which from the use of it, is called Modus, the Manner or Mode.

Now the Subject and Predicate may be joyned together either Sim­ply, or with some kind of Limitation, and accordingly these Modes are either Primary or Secondary.

The Primary Modes are called by Grammarians Indicative, and Im­perative.

When the Matter is declared to be so, or at least when it seems in the speakers power to have it be so, as the bare union of Subject and Predicate would import; then the Copula is nakedly expressed without any variation: And this manner of expressing it, is called the Indica­tive Mode.

When it is neither declared to be so, nor seems to be immediatly in the speakers power to have it so; then he can do no more in words but make out the expression of his will to him that hath the thing in [Page 316] his power, namely to his

• Superiour by Petition
• Equal by Perswasion
• Inferiour by Command

And the man­ner of these affecting the Copula (Be it so, or sine esse, let it be so) is called the Imperative Mode ; of which there are these three varieties, very fit to be distinctly provided for. As for th [...] other use of the Imperative Mode, when it signifies Permission ; this may be sufficiently expressed by the Secondary Mode of Liberty. You may do it.

The Secondary Modes are such, as when the Copula is affected with any of them, make the sentence to be (as Logicians call it) a Modal Proposition.

This happens when the Matter in discourse, namely, the being or doing or suffering of a thing, is considered not simply by it self, but gradually in its causes from which it proceeds either Contingently or Ne­cessarily.

Then a thing seems to be left as Contingent, when the speaker ex­presses only the Possibility of it, or his own Liberty to it.

1. The Possibility of a thing depends upon the power of its cause, and may be expressed when

• Absolute by the Particle CAN
• Conditional by the Particle COVLD.

2. The Liberty of a thing, depends upon a freedom from all Obsta­cles either within or without, and is usually expressed in our Lan­guage, when

• Absolute by the Particle MAY
• Conditional by the Particle MIGHT.

Then a thing seems to be of Necessity, when the speaker expresseth the resolution of his own will, or some other obligation upon him from without.

3. The Inclination of the will is expressed, if

• Absolute by the Particles WILL
• Conditional by the Particles WOVLD.

4. The Necessity of a thing, from some external obligation, whether Natural or Moral which we call duty, is expressed, if

• Absolute by the Particle MVST, ought, shall,
• Conditional by the Particle MVST, ought, should.

§ III. That kind of servile Particle which doth belong both to the Inte­gral and the Copula, is stiled Tense.

Tho Tenses in instituted Languages are appropriated only to Verbs, yet 'tis very plain that according to the true Philosophy of speech, they should likewise be ascribed to Substantives ; And that this would in many respects be a great advantage to Language. As there is Ama­tio, so there should be Amavitio and Amaturitio, &c.

These kind of Auxiliary Particles, stiled Modes and Tenses, are in the Modern Languages expressed by such servile words, as do not signifie any compleat Act, but rather some respects and circumstances belonging to other Acts; and by that means have in them a natural fitness to be subservient to the inflexion of other Integral words. So the Conditional Modes are supplyed by the words Possum or Possible, [Page 317] Licet, Libet, Volo; Necesse, Oportet, Debeo. And so are the Tenses, by those servile words of Facio, Habeo, besides the Copula, sum.

The Tenses are usually distinguished into

• Active. Do, dost, doth,
• Passive. Am, art, is, are.
• Active. Did, didst,
• Passive. Was, wert, were.
• Active. Have, hast, hath,
• Passive. Have been, hast been, hath been.
• Active. Had, hadst,
• Passive. Had been, hadst been.
• Active. Shall, will, shalt, wilt,
• Passive. Shall be, will be, shalt be, wilt be.

But the most distinct and explicit way of expressing any Propositi­on, is by affixing these Tenses, both to the Copula, and the Predicate ; § IV. the latter of which will shew the time of the Action, &c. whether past, present, or future: and the former, the state of the Person or Subject, who doth this Acti­on, whether he

• Has been, either Past that Action,
• Is now, either Acting in it,
• Shall be hereafter. either Yet to do it.

And a Proposition thus expressed, is in the very expressing of it, re­solved into its parts of Subject, Copula, and Predicate, according to these following examples.

• I Have been Hot Calui
• I Am Hot Caleo
• I Shall be Hot Calebo
• I Have been having been Hot Calebam
• I Am having been Hot Calueram
• I Shall be having been Hot Caluero
• I Have been to be hot hereafter Fui caliturus
• I Am to be hot hereafter Sum caliturus
• I Shall be to be hot hereafter Ero caliturus
• I Have been Heating Calefeci
• I Am Heating Calefacio, or sum calefaciens
• I Shall be Heating Calefaciam
• I Have been Having heated Calefeceram
• I Am Having heated Calefaciebam, sum qui calefecit
• I Shall be Having heated Calefecero
• I Have been to Heat hereafter Fui calefacturus
• I Am to Heat hereafter Sum Calefacturus
• I Shall be to Heat hereafter Ero calefacturus
• I Have been Heated Fui Calefactus
• I Am Heated Calefio, velsum calefactus
• I Shall be Heated Calefiam, velero calefactus
• [Page 318] I Have been having been Heated Fueram calefactus
• I Am having been Heated Calefiebam
• I Shall be having been Heated Fuero calefactus
• I Have been to be Heated hereafter Fui Calefaciendus.
• I Am to be Heated hereafter Sum Calefaciendus.
• I Shall be to be Heated hereafter Ero Calefaciendus.

But if any should conceive this way needless or too laborious, as being too much distant from the manner of Instit [...] ted Languages; he may by putting the Copula in the place of the Tense, as well express his mind in thi [...] , as in any other Instituted Language.

CHAP. VI. I. Of Transcendental Particles, The end and use of them. II. The usual ways for enlarging the sense of words in In­stituted Languages. III. The General Heads of Transcen­dental Particles.

THose Particles are here stiled Transcendental, which do circum­stantiate words in respect of some M [...] taphysical notion; either by enlarging the acception of them to some more general signification, then doth belong to the restrained sense of their places: or denoting a relation to some other Predicament or Genus, under which they are not originally placed.

Whereas in a Philosophical Language, every word ought in strict­ness to have but one prope [...] sense and acception, to prevent equivo­calness; which sense is to be restrained according to that place and relation, which the words have in the Tables: And yet on the other side, it would much promo [...] copiousness and elegancy, if there might be any way so to change and vary the sense of any word, as may with all, leave it free from ambig [...] ity. For this purpose, as likewise for the Abbreviating of Language are these Transcendental notes suggested.

There are two ways used in Instituted Languages, specially in La­tin for varying the sense of words; [...] ther by Tropes: or by such a kind of Composition as doth alter the terminations of them.

1. The sense of a word is varyed by Trope; either in respect of some

• General ; as in Metaphore
• Whole, whether Universal, Essential, Integral, is put for any of the respective parts, or contrary wise, Synecdoche.
• Subject, Object, Cause, &c. is put for the Adjunct, Adject, Effect, &c, or contrary wise, Metonymy.
• Opposition ; when one Opposite is put for the other, Irony.

[Page 319] Of all which there are store of examples in the common books of Rhetorick; And there will be occasion to cite several of them in the following Chapter, amongst the instances that are given of the Transcendental Particles.

Words are varied by changing their Terminations many ways; of which these that follow are some of the Principal in the Latin.

1. Preparatives or Meditatives; are expressed by the Termination (urio) Scripturio, Esurio, Parturio, Micturio.

2. Inceptives ; by the termination (sco) Lucesco, Calesco, Senesco.

3. Frequentatives ; by the termination (ito) Clamito, Agito.

4. Augmentatives ; by the termination (osus) Aquosus, Fluviosus, Piscosus.

5. Diminutives ; by the terminations (lo, lus, la, lum, aster) Can­tillo, Scribillo, Libellus, Lapillus, Homunculus, Mercatulus, Vesicula▪ Cor­pusculum, Corculum, Crepusculum, Surdaster, Medicaster, Grammati­caster.

6. The Notion of Segregate ; by the termination (tim) Viritim, Verbatim, Gradatim.

7. Power and Propensity Active ; by (ivus, ivitas) Activus, Acti­vitas.

8. Power and Propensity Passive ; by (ilis, ilitas) Possibilis, Possibi­litas.

9. Cause ; by composition with Facio, Mortifico, Magnifico, Prolifi­cum, &c.

10. Kind ; by ( plex and farius and genus) Simplex, Duplex, Multi­plex, Bifarius, Multifarius, Omnigenus, Multigenus.

11. The notions of Officer, and Tradesman ▪ whether Merchant or Mechanick promiscuously, are commonly expressed by the termina­tion ( arius ) which doth originally and properly signifie the notion of belonging to, but is thus limited by reason of the words, Officiarius, Mercator, Faber, understood.

Apiarius, Armentarius, Caprarius, Equarius, Accipitarius, Librari­us, &c.

Lanarius, Linarius, Piscarius, Aviarius, Pomarius, Lactarius, &c.

Arcuarius, Armamentarius, Aurarius, Doliarius, &c.

12. Instrument or Iugament ; by the termination (trum) Haustrum, Aratrum, Plaustrum, Rastrum, &c.

13. Vessel ; by (bulum) Thuribulum, Infundibulum.

14. House ; by (ile, ale, arium) Equile, Ovile, Bubile, Caseale, Avia­rium, Columbarium, Gallinarium.

15. Chamber or Room ; by (ina, arium, terium) Officina, Textrina, Tonstrina, Sutrina, Popina, Vestiarium, Carnarium, Apodyterium, Coni­sterium, Sphaeristerium.

16. Place in General ; by (arium, etum) Vivarium, Aquarium, Po­marium, Colluviarium, Frutetum, Dumetum, Arundinetum, Ericetum, &c.

17. Person or Agent; by the termination (or) Pastor, Fossor▪ Fron­dator, Vindemiator, Arator, Messor, &c.

Now if all other respects and circumstances, which are capable and proper to be expressed by these kind of Particles, were in some such way provided for; this would exceedingly abbreviate the number [Page 320] of words, prevent much circumlocution, contribute to perspicuity and distinctness, and very much promote the elegance and significancy of speech.

What may be the most convenient number of such Transcendental Particles, is not easie to determine; But those mentioned▪ in the eight following Combinations, (though not all of the same extent and comprehensiveness) have each of them some peculiar pretence of be­ing listed under this number.

These may be distributed into such as are more

• Essential. I.
• Circumstantial. II.
• Substance. III.
• Quantity. IV.
• Quality. V.
• Action. VI.
• Quality and Action. VII.
• Affections of Animals. VIII.

The first Combination doth comprehend such General Essential re­spects, as are either

The second Combination doth contein such General Circumstantial respects as are; either more

[Page 321] The third Combination doth contain such kind of Special respects, belonging to Substance, as result from their Application to other Sub­stances, and the uses for which they are designed; namely, for Enclo­sure and service, whether of

The fourth Combination doth comprehend some of those Special respects belonging to Corporeal things, which do chiefly concern the Figure of them, whether

The fifth Combination doth contain such kind of Notions as re­late to the Quality of Things or Persons, whether considered more

[Page 322] The sixth Combination doth contain such imperfect servile notions, as belong to Action or Passion, with respect to the

• FREQVENTATIVE

The seventh Combination doth contain such kind of servile Rela­tive notions, as are common both to Quality and Action ; denoting either the

• AVGMENTATIVE

The eighth and last Combination doth relate to some Affections of Animals, either

CHAP. VII. Instances of the great usefulness of these Transcendental Parti­cles, with directions how they are to be applyed.

FOR the better explaining of what great use and advantage these Particles may be to Language, I shall give some examples seve­rally to each pair of them, according to the order premised: Begin­ning with the first.

• METAPHORICAL

These two are paired together because of their affinity, each of them denoting an enlargement of the sense of the word; the first more general ; the other with reference to Similitude, properly so called.

The note of Metaphorical affixed to any Character, Metaphor. will signifie the enlarging the sense of that word, from that strict restrained acception which it had in the Tables, to a more universal comprehensive signifi­cation: By this, common Metaphors may be legitimated, retaining their elegancy, and being freed from their ambiguity. So

So in the Tables of Action ; those Acts which are primarily ascribed unto God, as Preserving, Destroying, Delivering, Forsaking, Blessing, Cursing, &c. because they may by analogy be applyed to other things, therefore this mark will enlarge their acception. So for those other Acts belonging to the rational soul ; as, Thinking, Believing, Knowing, Observing, Expecting, Consenting, Dissenting, Esteeming, Contemning, [Page 324] Willing, Nilling, Fruition, Delectation, Election, Rejection, &c. though they are primarily acts of the Rational Soul; yet because there is somewhat analogous to them in other Creatures; therefore such words with this mark may without ambiguity be used in such a gene­ral sense.

So in Iudicial Relation; Accuse, Complain, Excuse, Witness, Register, Citation, &c. So likewise in Military Relation; Offend, Defend, Provoke, Resist, Besiege, Assault, Skirmish, Fight, Stratagem, Overcome, Yield, Fly, Pursue, Escape, &c. Each of these and many other words may by this note (when there is just occasion to apply it) be made more copious, and yet preserved distinct in their significations.

The other Particle, Like, being affixed to any word, doth denote a varying of the sense of that word, Like. upon the Account of some simi­litude, whether in respect of Quality and disposition, Resemblance, effect, and manner of doing, or outward shape and situation.

1. This similitude may sometimes refer to the Quality and disposi­tion of a thing; in which sense 'tis frequently expressed in our English Tongue by Adjectives, with the Termination (ish) Devilish, Brutish, Currish, Waspish, Apish : and sometimes without it; as Angelical, Dogged, Cynical, Viperous, Serpentine, &c. which do not always signifie ac­cording to the strict derivation of such Adjectives, but do many times denote only a similitude.

2. After the same manner are the several varieties of Colours to be expressed, namely, by their resemblance to other things commonly known. So Ashes-like, or Cineritius, is Ash-colour. So Flesh-like is Carnation ; Blood-like is Crimson ; Lyon-like is Tawny. So for those other resemblances to the Sky, to Gold, Grass, Straw. So Piceus, or Pitch-like, is a deep black; Coracinus, or Crow-like, is a shining black. So for Milky, Snowy, Ivory, kinds of White, &c. And thus like­wise is it for the variety of Tastes and Smells ; the differences of which are not provided for with distinct words in any Language, but may this way be sufficiently expressed; namely, by their likeness to such other things as are commonly known.

3. Sometimes it may refer to some kind of Resemblance in respect of effect, according to which sense these words are frequently used; Inflame, Sparkle, Cloud, Exhalation, Fumes, Vapour.

4. Sometimes to the manner of doing ; so to speak Infant-like, is to Iabler ; to graft-like Feathers is to Impe ; to dart-like water, is to Spirt, Squirt ; to tremble-like with the voice, is to Warble, Thrill ; Dog-like crying, is Whining ; Stealing-like, is Surreptitious, &c.

[Page 325] 5. This Particle is likewise applicable in respect of shape and situ­ation. So

• Thistle Downe
• Lint of Linnen
• Hoariness of Mold

The first of these may be compounded with words of Number, to make them signifie under the notion of Multiplicative, Kind. which the La­tins express by the Termination (plex) Simplex, Duplex, Multiplex, &c. And the English by the Termination (fold) Twofold, Threefold, Ma­nifold.

In its composition with other Characters, it will serve to express those words which are used to signifie the general or special kinds of things ; and being affixed to any of the differences, will make them sig­nifie as a Genus or Species. It is applicable both to Substantives and Adjectives.

Some of our English words of this sense, are expressed by the Ter­mination ( age ) as Herbage, Pascuage, Foliage, Vintage, Cordage, Stoage, &c. that is the kind of Herbs, Pasture, &c.

There are several Adjectives likewise expressible this way; as Mul­tifarious, Homogeneous, or Similar, Heterogeneous, or Dissimular, &c.

2. The use of the second Particle is by its composition with Rela­tive and Quantitative Pronouns, to express such words as these; Manner. Quo­modo, how or after what manner; Hujusmodi after this manner; Ejus­modi after that manner, &c. It is applicable likewise unto Adverbia moris, Meatim, Tuatim, Suatim (i) Meo, Tuo, Suo More. The Anti­ents were wont to say, Canatim, Suatim, Bovatim, that is, after the manner of Dogs, of Swine, &c. And it is still in use to say Humanitus, after the manner of men.

[Page 326] The Composition with this Particle may likewise be useful in ex­pressing those words which do in their proper notion contain a refe­rence to the Mode of things. So

Each of these may be compounded with the Relative or Quantita­tive Pronouns, serving to distinguish such as refer to Things, from those that belong to Persons. This, That, The same, Another, A certain, Some. Thing or Person.

Thing. The former of these being affixed to any word in the Tables be­longing to the Predicament of Quality, Action, Relation, or to any other word which doth primarily denote a person, will determine the sense of that word to a Substantive of the Thing ; as it hath been already declared in the Doctrine of Substantives.

This note may be affixed

• 1. To Adjectives Neuter. So The words with this mark will signifie Obscure Mystery Seeming Semblance Prestig [...] tory Trick Frivolous Triflle.
• 2. To Adjectives Active, commonly called Participles Active. So The words with this mark will signifie Nutrient Nutriment or Aliment Medicating Medicament or Medi­cine Purging Purge Binding Bond or String Buying Price
• 3. To Adjectives or Participles Passive, in the Aorist Tense. So The words will signifie Created Creature Acted Fact Believed Fides quae Fancied Phantasm Prophesied Prophesie Tyed Knot Bound Bundle, Fardle Tryed Experiment Weaved Web The words will signifie Inherited Inheritance, Patri­mony Seen Spectacle Urinated Urin Dunged Dung Spit Spittle Seemed Pretence, Pretext Drunk Drink Eaten Food, Meat Eleemosynated Alms

So the Adjectives Passive of the words Teaching, Learning, Reading, Singing, Selling, with this affix, will signifie Doctrine, Lesson, Lecture, Song, Ware.

[Page 327] The second of these Particles may refer either to, Person. 1. The Quality and relation; or 2. The Agency ; or 3. The Patiency of the Person.

If to the first of these; it must be affixed to an Adjective Neuter ; if to the second or third, it must be affixed to an Adjective Active or Passive.

Of the first kind are such examples as these.

Of the second are such examples as these.

Of the third are such examples as these.

This first pair in the second Combination of Transcendental Parti­cles, are of more then ordinary extent and usefulness, because they may be serviceable to compound other words besides Integrals.

The first of them may be Compounded with Pronouns, Place. as was shewed before in the doctrine concerning Pronouns; and so serve to express Adverbs of place, as in this, that, every, &c. here, there, every. where.

Besides which, the Composition with this Particle may be proper to express other names of Places, which are commonly derived, either from,

• [Page 328] 1. The things contained in them.
• 2. The uses to which they are designed.
• 3. The Relations by which they are bounded.

Of the first kind are such as these.

Of the second kind are such examples as these.

Of the third kind are such instances as these.

Time. The second of these Particles, namely, Time, may be Com­pounded

1. With Numbers, to make them signifie as Adverbs Cardinals ; as Semel, bis, ter, &c. Decies, vicies, centies, millies, multoties, &c. Once, twice, thrice, ten times, twenty times, a hundred times, a thousand times, many times, &c.

2. With Pronouns, to express Adverbs of time; as in this, that, all, Now, Then, Alway, &c.

[Page 329] 3. With Integrals ; as in such examples.

• CAVSE, or make

When words are in their significations to be more peculiarly deter­mined to their Transitive efficiency, then is this first note to be affixed. Cause. It is frequently in Latin expressed by a Composition with facio sub­joyned, and sometimes in English by a Composition with ( be ) pre­fixed; as in the words, Befool, Besot, &c.

The instances of this kind do frequently occur, and are very nume­rous. So

This mark is applicable both to Substantives and Adjectives, as in Adoption, Adopting, Adopted, Sudorification, Sudorific, &c.

[Page 330] Sign. The other Transcendental note of Sign is adjoined to the former, by reason of some kind of affinity (though somewhat remote) which there is betwixt them. As the former Particle doth import the notion of efficiency or making; so doth this of Representing or signifying. It is applicable both to Substantives and Adjectives. So

Aggregate. The first of these doth denote a multitude in Society, unto which common speech doth needlesly assign several distinct names; whereas the Natural [...] the same in all of them; and therefore such va­rious names may justly be reckoned amongst the redundancies of Language. So

And so likewise may it be for those others words

[Page 331] So the words Selling, or Hiring, with this mark, will signifie to sell by whole sale, and to hire by the Great.

The second of these being opposite to the former, Segregate. will signifie things under the notion of distribution ; and being segregated, which we commonly express by the words Each and Every ; it is applicable to the Numbers to make them distributives: Singuli, Bini, Trini, &c. Each one, every two, every three, or one by one, by twos, by threes, &c. And so for all other things capable of the like notion. The La­tins express it by the Termination ( tim ) as was said before. So

The English, besides the above-mentioned peculiar way of Phra­seology, doth sometimes express this notion by compounding with the Termination ( ly ) as Hourly, Daily, Weekly, Monthly, Annually, &c.

It is applicable likewise to Nouns of Action, or Verbs. So

The first pair in the third Combination do properly refer to the Figure of things; and the note of these, added to the name of the matter of which they consist, will be useful to supply the words for several things.

The former of these doth denote a broad and flat Figure.

The second denotes a round and long Figure, Pin. and being affixed to the word signifying the matter of it, or the thing about which it is used, it may serve for the expression of several names. So

This pair is intended to signifie the General Names belonging to each of the two principal kinds of Vtensils.

Instrument. By Instrument, is meant such a kind of Vtensil, as is of a more simple figure, and properly designed for Operation. This mark is to be af­fixed to the Character of that particular Action or Operation, in which such instruments are used; and whereas there may be several kinds of instruments, that may be useful for the same kind of operation; they are to be farther distinguished by their Matter, Figure, Bigness, or some other circumstance. So

Vessel. Under this second Particle ( Vessel ) are comprehended such kind of simple Utensils, whose proper use is to contain ; they are distin­guishable either

• 1. By the things which they are designed to hold and contain.
• 2. By the operations and actions for which they are used.
• 3. By the matter of which they consist, together with their several figures and quantities.

[Page 333] Of the first kind are such instances as these. So

Of the second are such as these. So

Of the third sort there are such examples as these. So

This next pair is put to signifie such kind of Utensils as are of a less simple figure then the former.

Jugament. The word Iugament doth comprehend such kind of form [...] as are distensoria longa ; consisting of several distinct parts united by Art, be­ing more complex then instrument, and less then Machin. The mark of it is to be affixed, either to the name of the Action or the Thing about which they are used: as in these examples.

Machin. By the second are intended such Utensils as are of a more complicate figure, being mixed either with Wheels, Scrues, or Pullies, and de­signed for motion. The mark is to be affixed unto the Character of the Action for which they are used. So

Sepiment. The first of these may serve to express and describe those several kinds of things and names which are used for Enclosure. So

[Page 335] The second mark for ARMAMENT or Tackle, Armament. will serve to describe sufficiently several things of that nature, without affording distinct names for them, to be applyed unto the Character of the Action or Part to which it belongs.

• Pack-saddle

The first of these will help to describe those various names that are given [...] o several sorts of Garments, according to the Parts, Things, or other circumstances most considerable in their use. So

The second Particle is designed only for defensive Armour, Armour. which bears some Analogy to Vests. The note of it may be affixed to the se­veral Parts. So

House. The first of these will by its composition serve to express those vari­ous names which are given to Houses, in reference to the several things or uses they are designed for. So

Room. As the former Particle may be useful for the expression of the names of several Houses ; so will this second for particular Rooms or Chambers. So

Each of these are applicable to Nouns. The use of the first Parti­cle, is to denote the Habitualness of any such thing whose Radix is not primarily under that Genus of Habit. So these words Rejoycing, Worshipping, Obedient, Disobedience, &c. with this mark, will be de­termined to the Habit of Chearfulness, Devotion, Obedience, Contu­macy, &c.

There are many Radical words under other Predicaments, as that of Action, Love, Zeal, Compassion, Envy, &c. Singing, Writing, &c. That of Relation, as Governing, Bargaining, Thieving, Whordom, De­ceiving, &c. which when they are to be used under the notion of Habits, must be marked with this affix.

The chief use of the second Particle, Art. is to supply the place of those several names which are commonly given to Arts and Sciences. So

And so for those other cheating Arts of Manteia or Wizarding, with which the world always hath been and will be abused. In the naming of these it would be convenient to add the word Manteia, the better to distinguish these from such as are true Arts and Sciences. So

Though this second pair be not of any great affinity, yet are they here united, upon account, that they both denote personal respects.

Officer. The first of them affixed to any single Character, will signifie the notion of Prefecture in any kind of place, imployment, relation; whe­ther Honourable, or mean and Servile, as the Integral shall denote: But if the Integral be compounded with the Preposition Pro, or Vice, or instead of, which signifies the notion of Substitution, it will then ex­press the Deputy or substituted officer; if with the Preposition Sub or Vnder, it will then denote the Inferiour or subordinate officer of that kind. So

[Page 339] The other Affix for ARTIST, Artist. is not of so much use or necessity as the rest, because it may be sufficiently expressed by those two Par­ticles of Art and Person. It is here put in, because I could not think of any more convenient notion of the like affinity to supply this place. So

The last pair in this Combination may properly serve to express those words which are commonly given to Persons from their several Trades and Occupations.

The first, for the Trades of Manufacture, Mechanic. according to the several employments or object matters about which such Trades are conver­sant; some of which will be capable of composition with the Preposi­tion Sub or Vnder. So

And so for other particular Trades which belong to other matters, as Gun, Lock, Clock, Watch, &c.

[Page 340] Merchant. The second for the trades of Exchange, many of which were wont in their English names to be compounded with the Termination Monger ; as Wood-monger, Iron-monger, Fish-monger, &c. From the old Latin word Mango, which signifies a Seller. So

• POWER or Ability
• APTITVDE or Proneness.

Betwixt these two there is an evident affinity, both of them being common servile notions, and of very general extent; they are appli­cable to an Integral both Substantive and Adjective, and capable both of an Active and Passive sense: Being expressed in Latin by the Ter­mination ( tivus and bilis ) and in English by the Termination ( tive and ble ) And when the words to which they are affixed are compounded with any Adverb of a Negative or Privative sense, they are by that Adverb made to signifie, Impotence or Ineptitude, either Active or Passive.

Though the derivations of Abstracts before-mentioned may serve well enough for several of the following instances, yet to prevent the ambiguity that may otherwise happen in some of these derivations, it will be proper to make use of these Particles. We have not actually indeed such variety of words as may be suted to these notions; but this is from the defect of Language, for the things themselves are na­turally capable of this kind of inflexion.

Power. The first of these may signifie either

• Active, to do, Sensitiveness, Visiveness
• Passive, to be done, Sensibleness, Visibleness
• Active, to do, Sensitive, Visive
• Passive, to be done, Sensible, Visible
• Active, to do, Insensitiveness, Invisiveness
• Passive, to be done, Insensibleness, Invisibility
• Active, to do, Insensitive, Invisive
• Passive, to be done, Insensible, Invisible

[Page 341] By this Particle are all these common words to be exprest, Capable, Effable, Audible, Accessible, Comprehensible, Evitable, Fallible, &c. which being compounded with the Negative Particle ( in ) will signi­fie the opposite, as, Incapable, &c.

In this sense, to render a man Vnresponsive, is to Confound, Poze, Puzzle, Non-plus. A person insolutive, or (as we commonly say) insol­vent, is a Bankrupt; Vnwalkative, is a Cripple; Non-surrective, is Bedrid; Vnfattable, is Flue, &c.

The second of these may likewise signifie, Aptitude. either

• Active, to do, Amorousness, Credulousness
• Passive, to be done, Amiableness, Credibleness
• Active, to do, Amorous, Credulous
• Passive, to be done, Amiable, Credible
• Active, to do, Vnamorousness, Incredulousness
• Passive, to be done, Vnamiableness, Incredibleness
• Active, to do, Vnamourous, Incredulous
• Passive, to be done, Vnamiable, Incredible

There are great variety of Integrals, to which these notes are appli­cable. So

There are some words in our English Tongue which are used pro­miscuously, both Actively and Passively; as Changeable, Mutable, Al­terable, Pitiful, Fearful, Mortal, &c. whereby they are liable to mistake, which may be prevented by these Particles, being duely apply'd either to a Substantive or Adjective, Active or Passive, as the sense shall require.

Inceptive. The first signifies the beginning of Actions or Things; which being a kind of Mode or imperfect notion, is therefore fit to be joyned as a ser­vile and auxiliary. 'Tis commonly expressed in English, by the word Wax or Grow ; And in Latin (as was observed before) by the Termi­nation sco, Senesco, Lucesco, Calesco; Wax old, Wax light, Wax hot, &c. There are in our Language some peculiar words and phrases, which do only import this notion, and by this mark will be rendred needless and redundant. So

So the word Morning, with this note will signifie, Dawning, Day­spring, Aurora, Diluculum ; And the word day or night, with this mark will signifie, Crepusculum, Twilight.

Frequenta­tive. The second of these doth signifie the repetition or wontedness of Actions, which is such a kind of servile notion as the former, and therefore fit to be this way provided for. It is of a very large exten [...] in the use of it, being (as the other notion of inceptive likewise [...] ) applicable to most Verbs; And there are some words in our English which will by this note be rendred needless. So

It may be worthy consideration to enquire, whether the opposite to each of these, viz. Desinative and Raritive or seldom, ought not to be particularly provided for in this kind.

Both these may contribute to the Abbreviating of Language, when they are compounded as serviles; there being several distinct words and phrases, which by such composition will be rendred needless, their true notions being sufficiently expressable by the use of these Par­ticles.

The first denotes the Application of a Mans self to the doing of any thing. Endeavour. So

The second doth denote the particular fit, Impetus. or sudden violence of any Action or Thing. So

These are of very general comprehensive usefulness in Language.

The former of them doth properly denote Transcendental Great­ness, both Extensive and Intensive. When it is applyed to Bodies, Augmenta­tive. 'tis of the same import with those usual words, Great, Huge, Vast, Main : and is by the Latins often expressed in Adjectives by the Termination ( osus ) whereby they signifie the notion of Abounding.

When it is applied to Qualities or Actions, it denotes Intention of Degrees, being equivalent with those Articles, very, much, hard, sore, stark, sound, greatly; Valde, multum, oppido, magnopere, perquam, ad­modum, vehementer, cumprimis, &c.

It is applicable likewise by way of Allusion to the Amplitude, Gran­deur, and eminency of any thing in its kind, which being a general Metaphor, may therefore fitly and safely be this way provided for: As the words Man, Physician, Merchant, with the note of Diminutive af­fixed to them, do signifie, meanness and contemptibleness: So the same words with this mark of Augmentative, will denote eminency and considerableness, being proper to commend and set forth any thing for extraordinariness in its kind.

[Page 344] 1. This mark may be applied to the names of Bodies. So

2. It may be applied to such names as signifie Qualities or Actions.

• Consternation

Diminutive. The second of these being directly opposite to the first, is of like extent and usefulness, and will not need any further explication but only by Instances.

[Page 345] 1. 'Tis applicable to bodies and things. So

2. 'Tis applicable to Qualities and Actions. So

3. This note may sometimes be applied in a Metaphorical sense to signifie contemptibleness or littleness of value, as well as littleness of bulk. So the word Man with this note may signifie either Dandiprat, Dwarf, Elf, Zany, Pigmy ; or else Seru [...] , Sorry fellow, Companion, Iack. So the word Physitian with this note, will signifie Mountebank, Quack­salver, Empyrick: And the word Merchant being so noted, will signi­fie Pedler, Huckster, &c.

Excess. These are joyned upon account of opposition, the meaning of each being very obvious.

The former denoting all kind of excess; Particularly, 1. The re­dundant extreme in all Qualities, or Vertues together. 2. With such other notions as bear some kind of Analogy or resemblance to these in other things. As likewise, 3. The Nimiety of any Quality or Action.

1. Of the first kind are such instances as these. So

2. Of the second kind, these are some Instances. So

3. Of the third kind, there are these Instances. So

[Page 347] The mark of Defect is in each particular correspondent to the former, Defect. denoting either

1. The deficient extreme in all kind Acts, Habits, Vertues, as may be seen by the opposites to those before-mentioned.

2. Some kind of resemblance to this in other things.

3. The deficiency of any Action, or the under-doing of a thing.

This pair may be of very general use for all kind of Actions and Things.

Besides those general notions referring to the measure and degrees of things in the two former pairs, it may be requisite to provide the like way for expressing the manner of them, as to Well or Ill; Right or Wrong ; as it should be, as it should not be. The first of these is in many Greek words expressed by the composition with [...] and [...] , Perfective. and in English by Well and Right. So

[Page 348] Corruptive. The second of these is sometimes expressed in English by composi­tion with those Particles Dis. or Mis. or Vn. So

• Mis-adventure

This mark may likewise serve to express the true notion of several other words, which are not usually thus compounded.

The first of these will by its composition serve to express those se­veral words which are used for the Voices of divers Animals : or for the voices that are used in expressing sundry Actions or Affections. So.

[Page 349] This note may likewise be applied to such kind of voices as belong to several affections. So

The second particular is paired with the former for its affinity to it. Language. The proper use of it is by its composition with the names or cha­racters of several Countries or Nations, to express the notion of the Languages spoken by them. So the Character or word of English, Spa­nish, French, Italian, German, &c. with this affix, will determine these words to the signification of those Tongues or Languages: And the same note affixed to the name of any Tribe, may signifie the Dia­lect of it. There seems to be least necessity of this Particle; and it might well be spared, if any more proper could be thought of, to supply the place of it.

The second pair in this last Combination is for the distinction of such things as have Sex. And all those names of Animals or Relati­ons, which are distinguishable only by their Sex, ought not to have any other distinction in their appellations but that of their Sex: So that whereas we say, Ram, Yew, Boar, Sow, &c. Father, Mother, Son, Daughter, &c. It would be more agreeable to the Philosophy of Speech, if these things were to be expressed a male sheep, a female sheep, a male or female swine ; a male or female Parent or Child, &c.

These marks are applicable

1. To kinds of Animals ; of which there are such instances as these.

2. To Relations of Persons; as in these instances. So

Young. By the first of these is meant the young ones or brood of any sorts of Animals, for which we have no proper word in English. So

Part. By the second of these may be expressed such kind of names as do comprehend in them the notion of Part, under the several relations of 1. Situation. 2. Proportion. 3. Figure or Colour. 4. Vse.

1. Of the first kind there are such examples as these. So

2. Of the second are such instances as these.

And so a fourth part of a Circle is a Quadrant, a sixth part is a Sex­tant, &c.

3. Of the third kind there are such instances as these.

[Page 351] 4. Of the fourth kind there are such examples as these.

It may happen sometimes that two of these Transcendental Parti­cles should concur to the composition of some words: In which case it will be worth consideration, whether it may not be more distinct to express one of them by an Integral, and the other by an Affix.

It may likewise deserve some farther inquiry, whether some of these Particles here nominated, may not be spared to make room for others more useful; as particularly those servile general notions of

• Discontinuing
• Difficulty; as likewise, Flower, Fruits, Disease, &c.

I have been somewhat the longer in treating concerning these Transcendental Particles; because being for the most part new, and not all of them used in any one Language, they do thereupon stand in greater need of being more particularly and fully explained and discussed.

I have now done with the first part of Etymology ; namely, con­cerning the formal differences or kinds of words, whether

CHAP. VIII. Of the Accidental Difference of words. I. Inflexion. II. De­rivation. III. Composition.

THE next thing to be treated of, is concerning the Accidental Differences of words; and amongst these

§. I. 1. Concerning the Inflexion of them, which doth consist in the se­veral ways of varying the same word to sundry modes of significati­on. This is not arbitrary, as it is used in several Languages; much less should the rules to this purpose, which belong to the Latin, be ap­plied to Vulgar Tongues, to which they are not suited (as many Grammarians use to do) but it ought to be founded upon the Philo­sophy of speech and such Natural grounds, as do necessarily belong to Language.

Integral words are all capable of Inflexion.

1. Noun Substantives are inflected in a threefold respect.

1. By Number, Singural and Plural, which being more Intrinsecal to them, ought to be provided for in the Character or word it self, and not by an Affix.

2. By Gender, in things that are capable of Sex, which are naturally but two, Masculine and Feminine : These being less Intrinsical to the primary notion of the word, may be more properly expressed by af­fixes; and then the kind or species of every Animal (abstractedly from the respective Sexes of it) may be signifyed by the Radical word it self, without any sign of Sex, which will prevent much equivocalness.

3. By Cases, which is not so essential and natural to Substantives, as to be provided for in the word it self, by varying the Terminations of it; For though this course hath been used in the Greek and Latin : yet neither do the Oriental Tongues, Hebrew, Chaldee, Arabic, &c. nor those Occidental of French, Italian, Spanish ; nor I think doth any Modern Tongue in the world this way express them.

The true notion of the Nominative Case, is that which precedes the Verb, and the Accusative, that which follows the Verb; of which in speech that is suited to natural Structure and Syntax, there ought to be no other sign or note then the very order. As for the Genitive Case, the proper notion of that, is its following another Substantive in regimine : But because the following Substantive is not always go­verned by that which precedes; as Vrbs Roma, Rhenus Fluvius, Taxus arbor, &c. therefore 'tis proper to have a Particle or Preposition for it, as our English (Of) and (De) in the French, Italian, Spanish, which was treated of before. The Dative Case is expressed by the Preposi­tion (To) the Vocative by the Interjection of bespeaking (O) and the Ablative Case by such a Preposition as denotes Formal or Instrumental cause, or manner of Doing. So that the true notion of the Genitive, Dative, Ablative Case, is nothing else but that obliquity in the sence of a Substantive, which is caused and signifyed by some Preposition an­nexed to it, as the Vocative is by an Interjection.

[Page 353] And besides these three ways of Inflexion, I have shewed before how Substantives are capable likewise of Active and Passive voice, and of Tenses.

Noun Adjectives need not have any note to express Number, Gen­der, Case, because in all these they agree with their Substantives; unless such Adjectives as are used Substantively, by reason of their composition with the Transcendental marks of Person, Thing, Time, Place, &c. In which case they have the same kinds of Inflexion with Substantives. But there is belonging to them,

1. A transverse Inflexion by degrees of Comparison, which may be best denoted by the extrinsical affixes of more, most; less, least.

2. An Inflexion by Voice Active and Passive, which makes them of the same nature with those words which we call Participles.

3. An Inflexion by Tenses. And though usually in the Latin there are but two Tenses, viz. Present and Future, in each voice of the Participle, Amans, Legens: Amaturus, Lecturus: Amatus, Lectus: Amandus, Legendus: excepting in some few words, Sequens, Sequu­tus, Sequuturus; Gaudens, Gavisus, Gavisurus: and of Coenatum, which is used promiscuously both Actively and Passively; yet this is a defect in the Latin Tongue: For the natural notion doth render Participles as well capable of the Preter Tense; and accordingly the Greeks have [...] : He that beats, he that hath beaten, he that will beat; he that is beaten, he that hath been beaten, he that will be beaten. The like would have been in Latin, if the Philosophy of Speech had been as well observed in the Institution of that Language.

Derived Adverbs are capable of Inflexion by degrees of Comparison.

Amongst the Particles, there are only two that are capable of In­flexion; viz. the Copula, and Pronouns.

The Copula is inflected by Mode and by Tense ; which I have suffici­ently explained before: Only 'tis here to be noted, Chap. 5. that besides those definite notions of time past, present, and to come, there is likewise Tempus Aoristicum, or indefinite time; and that whenever the Copula is used in materia necessaria, it ought to be understood as being inde­terminate to any of those differences of time. So for such sayings, Homo est animal, Deus vivit, &c. there is no kind of time, whether past, present, or future, wherein these sayings are not equally true; so that the sense of such sayings is est, fuit, erit; vivit, vixit, vivet. And therefore it would be convenient to make some distinction for expressing this indefinite time.

Pronoun Substantives are inflected by Number and Gender, and by Case, as Noun Substantives are; besides that kind of improper Inflecti­on, whereby they are made Possessives ; which is rather a kind of Deri­vation, and reduplicative, which consists only in the doubling of them for the greater Emphasis.

The other Particles are not capable of Inflexion, because they do not denote any Essence or Act, which is capable of several modes or re­spects, as Integrals, and two of the Particles do: but only the Circum­stances or Modifications of other words; and therefore may be stiled indeclinable or invariable.

[Page 354] § II. As to Derivation, there ought naturally to be but one kind of Root, from which the several differences of Integrals should be derived; and this should be a Noun Substantive which signifies the Thing, or the Essence. If it be a Noun Substantive Neuter, then the first branches of it are Substantives Active and Passive ; after which succeed the Adje­ctives belonging to each of them, and then the Adverbs, which denote the Quality or Manner of being or doing. All which belong to one branch. Another branch is the Substantives Abstract, which have the same kind of derivations from them, Chap. I. § XI. as the former; as is more distinctly explained before.

§ III. As to the last accidental difference of words, viz. Composition. 'Tis to be noted, that the words of a Philosophical Language should be so suted unto natural notions, that there should be little need of other compositions, besides those by Prepositions, Adverbs, and Tran­scendental Particles. But if this were desired for greater elegance and copiousness of Speech, it should be capable of any composition whatsoever, which may be signified in writing by some Hyphen or mark of Union, to joyn the words compounded; and in Speech by pronouncing them together as one word, without changing the na­ture of either. So the word Idolatry is Idol-worship, &c.

AS the first part of Grammar doth treat concerning the nature and differences of particular words: So the second part of Grammar stiled Syntax, doth concern the proper way of Union or right Construction of words, into Propositions, or continued Speech. And this may be distinguished into two kinds. 1. That which is Customary and figurative: or 2. That which is Natural and regular.

1. That structure may be stiled Customary and figurative, which is used in the Phraseologies or forms of Speech, peculiar to several Lan­guages, wherein words are put together according to a Metaphorical and tralatitious sense of them; as in those Latin Phrases, Redigere in ordinem, which signifies, Privare magistratu; E medio tollere, for Oc­cidere. And so for those English Phrases of Breaking a jest, Hedging in a Debt, Taking ones heels and flying away, Being brought to bed, Lying in, Being in Labour or Travail, &c. All which ought to be rendred according to the natural sense and meaning intended by those Phrases; which is observed in the regular Translation of any Lan­guage. And he that would go about to render such forms of Speech, according to the strict and natural sense of the words, could not rea­sonably expect to be understood in any other Language.

But besides these kind of Metaphors which are peculiar to some Tongues, there are others of a more general use, which may be well enough retained in a Philosophical Language.

[Page 355] 2. That structure may be called Regular, which is according to the natural sense and order of the words.

The General Rule for this order amongst Integrals is, That which governs should precede; The Nominative Case before the Verb, and the Accusative after; The Substantive before the Adjective: Only Adjective Pronouns being Particles and affixed, may without incon­venience be put indifferently either before or after. Derived Adverbs should follow that which is called the Verb, as denoting the quality or manner of the Act.

As for the Grammatical Particles, those which serve for the Infle­xion or Composition of words should naturally precede; and so like­wise should other Adverbs, and Prepositions.

Transcendental Particles are to be joyned in composition at the ends of words, to vary their termination.

Besides the order required in Syntax▪ something ought to be sub­joyned concerning the Quantity of Vowels or Syllables, together with the several distinctions or interpunctions to be observed betwixt words and sentences.

As for that part usually treated of in instituted Grammars, stiled Prosodia, concerning the quantity of Vowels, there needs not any thing to be said unto that here; because in a Philosophical Language every Vowel is supposed to be in the writing sufficiently distinguished in this respect; every long Vowel having a note or mark to signifie its prolation.

The expressing of any one syllable in a word, with a little higher tune, and longer time then others, is to be exprest by an accent; as in the words, Consènt, Contrìve, Compòse, Hàving, Wìsdom, Fòr­tune, Pròfit, Pàrentage, Prìvilege, Consìder, Detèrmine, &c.

The distinctions to be observed betwixt words and sentences, may refer either to 1. The time ; or 2. The manner of pronouncing.

1. The first concerns those Pauses or intervals of rest to be ob­served in Pronouncing, which were anciently distinguished into three kinds; namely, Comma, Colon, Period. The first of these being marked with a point by the middle of the Letter; The second at the top; The last at the bottom. Unto these, later times have added two others; namely, a mark to signifie something intermediate be­twixt Comma and Colon, stiled Semicolon ; and something more then a full point, which is usually exprest by a greater distance betwixt the words, or by a Breach in the line.

The use of these Points is to direct what kind of pause is to be ob­served, and how the tenor or tone of the voice is either to be conti­nued or to fall.

2. The manner of pronouncing words doth sometimes give them a different sense and meaning, and Writing being the Picture or Image of Speech, ought to be adapted unto all the material circumstances of it, and consequently must have some marks to denote these vari­ous manners of Pronunciation; which may be sufficiently done by these seven kinds of marks or Interpunctions.

• [Page 356] 1. Parenthesis.
• 2. Parathesis, or Exposition.
• 3. Erotesis, or Interrogation.
• 4. Ecphonesis, Exclamation or wonder.
• 5. Emphasis.

1. Parenthesis serves for the distinction of such an additional part of a sentence as is not necessary to perfect the sense of it, and is usu­ally expressed in our Western Languages by the inclosing of such words betwixt two curve lines ()

2. Parathesis, or Exposition, is used for distinction of such words as are added by way of explication of something preceding, and is usually expressed by inclosing such words between two angular lines; as []

3. Erotesis, or Interrogation, is a kind of Period for the distinction of such sentences as are proposed by way of Question, and is usually thus marked?

4. Ecphonesis, or Wonder and Exclamation, is a note of direction for raising the tone, upon occasion of such words as denote some vehement passion, and is noted thus!

5. Emphasis is used for the distinction of such word or words, wherein the force of the sense doth more peculiarly consist, and is usually expressed by putting such words into another kind of Chara­cter, as suppose the Italic.

6. Irony is for the distinction of the meaning and intention of any words, when they are to be understood by way of Sarcasm or scoff, or in a contrary sense to that which they naturally signifie: And though there be not (for ought I know) any note designed for this in any of the Instituted Languages, yet that is from their deficiency and imperfection: For if the chief force of Ironies do consist in Pro­nunciation, it will plainly follow, that there ought to be some mark for direction, when things are to be so pronounced.

7. Hyphen is a note that signifies the uniting of two syllables or words into one, and may properly be used when two words are to be compounded together: It is usually expressed by two little strokes, thus ( [...] )

CHAP. X. Of Orthography. I. Concerning the doctrine of Letters: the Authors who have treated of this Subject. II. A brief Table of such simple sounds as can be framed by men. III. A fur­ther explication of this Table, as to the Organs of Speech, and as to the letters framed by these Organs.

ORthography is that part of Grammar, § I. which concerns the doctrine of Letters, which being the most simple Elements of Speech, it ought therefore to be so stated, that there may be a sufficient number of them to express all Articulate sounds, and not more then are ne­cessary to this end. Much consideration is requisite to the right esta­blishment of these; upon which account this subject hath been largely debated, by several Authors of great names and reputation for Learning: Besides those Famous Emperours, Cajus Caesar, and Octa­vius Augustus, who both writ upon this subject: [...] arro likewise, and Appion, and Quintilian, and Priscian, did bestow much pains upon the same enquiry, concerning the just number of Letters. And in later times, it hath been treated of with great variety of Opinions, by Erasmus, both the Scaligers, Lipsius, Salmasius, Vossius▪ Iacobus Mat­thias▪ Adolphus Metkerchus, Bernardus Malinchot, &c. Beside several of our own Country-men, Sir Thomas Smith, Bullokar, Alexander Gill, and Doctor Wallis ; the last of whom, amongst all that I have seen published, seems to me, with greatest Accurateness and subtlety to have considered the Philosophy of Articulate sounds. But besides such (whose considerations upon this subject are made publick) I must not forget to acknowledge the favour and good hap I have had, to peruse from their private papers, Dr. William Holder. Mr. Lodowick. the distinct Theories of some other Learned and Ingenious persons, who have with great judgment applyed their thoughts to this enquiry; in each of who [...] e Pa­pers, there are several suggestions that are new, out of the common rode, and very considerable.

Letters may be conside­red according to their

• Pronunciation

The Essence of Letters doth consist in their Power or proper sound, which may be naturally fixed and stated, from the manner of forming them by the instruments of speech; and either is, or should be the same in all Languages.

What variety there is of these, may appear from the Distribution of them into their several kinds, according to the following Table; wherein it is endeavoured and aimed at, to give a rational account of all the simple sounds that are, or can be framed by the mouths of men.

[Page 359] For the better explication of this Table, there are these two things to be considered: 1. The Causes of these Letters. § III. 2. The Letters themselves.

1. In the Causes of Letters there are observable

• Common ; Lungs, Throat, Mouth, Nose.
• Inmost or middle
• Root or inner gums
• Root or middle
• To one another
• To the tops of the teeth
• Roots or gums
• Root or middle of it, to the Palate
• Root or middle of it
• Lips contracted
• Roots of the Teeth
• Root or middle of it, applied to the inward palate.

These I conceive to be all the kinds of Actions and Configurations which the organs are capable of, in order to Speech.

What kind of Letters are framed by these, will appear in the next Table.

[Page 360] All simple letters may be distinguished into such as are; either

• More, with the help of the Tongue put into a concave po­sture long ways, the Whistling or French (u)
• More concave, and removed at some distance from the pa­late (α)
• Less concave or plain, and brought nearer the palate ( a )
• Somewhat convex towards the palate ( e )
• Sonorous ; of which it may be said, that they do somewhat approach to the nature of Consonants, and are mediae po­testatis ; because when they are joyned with any Vowel to compose that which we call a Dipthong, they put on the nature of Consonants ; and when they are not so joyned, but used singly, they retain the nature of Vowels, which is the reason why it hath been so much disputed amongst some Learned Men, whether they are to be reckoned amongst Vowels or Consonants.
• Labial ; by an emission of the breath through the Lips, more Contracted (ȣ)
• Lingual ; when the breath is emitted betwixt the middle of the Tongue in a more Convex posture, and the pa­late (ι)
• Guttural ; by a free emission of the breath from the Throat (ƴ)
• Labial (h ȣ) or (ȣ h )
• Lingual (hι)
• Guttural (h)
• V. Sonorous
• Trepidation of the Lips, like that sound which is used in the driving of Cows, to which there is a correspon­dent [Page 361] mute, sometimes used as an Interjection of dis­dain.
• Percolation of the breath, betwixt both the Lips con­tracted round-wise, which makes the vocal whistling sound, to which likewise there is a correspondent mute whistling: But neither of these two last pairs being of use in Language, they need not therefore have any Marks or Letters assigned to them.
• M. Sonorous.
• Dh sonorous.
• L sonorous.
• R. sonorous.
• Z. sonorous.
• Zh. sonorous.
• N. sonorous.
• Gh. sonorous.
• Trepidation ; which will frame a sound like the snarling of a dog, to which there is a correspondent mute, like that motion which we make in haaking, not necessary to be provided for by any Letter for Language.
• Percolation of the breath between the root of the tongue and the inward palate; to which there is a correspon­dent mute, which makes a sound like the hissing of a Goose, not necessary to be provided for by any mark assigned to them for Letters.
• NG sonorous.
• B. sonorous.
• D. sonorous.
• G. sonorous.

These I conceive (so far as I can judge at present) to be all the sim­ple sounds that can be framed by the Organs of Speech.

THose Letters are called Vocales, Vowels, in pronouncing of which by the Instruments of Speech, the breath is freely emitted; and they are therefore stiled Apert or open Letters. These may be distin­guished either, 1. Formally, by their several Apertions, and the man­ner of configuration in the instruments of Speech required to the fra­ming of them, which constitutes the distinct species of Vowels; or 2. Accidentally, by the quantity of time required to their prolation, by which the same Vowel is made either long or short.

There are (I conceive) eight simple different species of Vowels, easily distinguishable, whose powers are commonly used. I cannot deny, but that some other intermediate sounds might be found; but they would, by reason of their proximity to those others, prove of so difficult distinction, as would render them useless; these eight seem­ing to be the principal and most remarkable periods, amongst the de­grees of Apert sounds.

As for the third of the Labials, the u Gallicum, or whistling u, though it cannot be denied to be a distinct simple vowel; yet it is of so laborious and difficult pronunciation to all those Nations amongst whom it is not used (as to the English) especially in the distinction of long and short, and framing of Dipthongs, that though I have enumerated it with the rest, and shall make provision for the expression of it, yet shall I make less use of it, than of the others; and for that reason, not proceed to any further explication of it.

It will be difficult to express the several powers of these Vowels by writing; Pronuntiation being such a thing, quae nec scribitur, nec pin­gitur, nec hauriri eam fas est, nisi vivâ voce. Lipsius de rect. Pronuntiatione L. Lat. cap. 3. And therefore the best way for the explaining of them, is by such known words as may be given for the instance of each of them. And as for the figure or wri­ting of those four, which are not commonly esteemed to be distinct species of Vowels, I shall make choice to represent them by such Cha­racters, as may seem least strange. What kind of power or sound that is, which is peculiar to each of these seven Vowels, may be easily understood by these following Instances:

[Page 364] Amongst these, the Vowels not commonly owned by us in writing, are these four, α.ι.ȣ.ƴ. But that they are distinct species of Vowels, and have peculiar powers of their own, not expressible by any other Letters, (supposing every Letter (as it ought) to be determined to one particular sound) may sufficiently appear from the above mentioned, and several other Instances. And that those two which are common­ly used with us for distinct Vowels; namely, the third and the fifth, I, and V ; as in the words Light, Lute, are not simple Vowels, but Dip­thongs, I shall shew afterwards.

Though the Vowel ( O ) do not admit of any instance in our Lan­guage, wherein it is used Short, nor the Vowel (ƴ) wherein it is used Long ; yet there are naturally such differences of these Vowels, as well as of the rest. Suppose a long Vowel to be divided into two parts; as Bo-ote, pronounce it then with half the time, and it must make the short Vowel Bote. And thus on the contrary, doubling the time of a short Vowel, as Bƴ-ƴt, will render it Long : which may serve to ex­plain how these Vowels naturally are capable of being made both long and short; Though by reason of general disuse amongst us, such diffe­rences would at first seem somewhat difficult, and not easily distin­guishable.

The Vowel (α) is placed first; [...] partly in conformity with other Alphabets, and because 'tis the most Apert amongst the Lingua-palatal Vowels. 'Tis expressed by this Character, because being one of the Greek Letters, 'tis more commonly known. 'Tis framed by an emission of the Breath, betwixt the Tongue and the Palate; the tongue being put into a more concave posture, and removed further off from the palate.

The Vowel ( a ) is framed by an emission of the Breath, betwixt the tongue and the concave of the palate; the upper superficies of the tongue being rendered less concave, and at a less distance from the pa­late.

The Vowel ( e ) is framed by an emission of the Breath, betwixt the tongue and the concave of the palate, the upper superficies of the tongue being brought to some small degree of convexity.

The Vowel (t) is expressed by this Character, because 'tis the most simple figure; and therefore doth best suit with the most acute Letter; as likewise, because this Letter, amongst many other Nations is alrea­dy used and pronounced according to the sound which is here intend­ed. 'Tis framed by an emission of the Breath betwixt the tongue and the concave of the palate, the upper superficies of the tongue being put into a more convex posture, and thrust up near the palate.

The Vowel ( o ) is the first, and most apert of the Labials ; being fra­med by an emission of the Breath, betwixt the Lips, a little drawn to­gether and contracted.

The Vowel (ȣ) is the second of the Labials, requiring a greater con­traction of the Lips. 'Tis expressed by this Character, which is used in Greek for ω Dipthong; because commonly that Dipthong, as also the French ou is pronounced in the sound of this simple Vowel.

The Vowel (ƴ) is wholly Guttural, being an emission of the breath from the throat, without any particular motion of the tongue or lips. 'Tis expressed by this Character which is already appropriated by the Welsh for the picture of this sound.

[Page 365] The difference betwixt long and short Vowels, should alwaies be written as well as pronounced, that is, there should be some Note or Mark to express when a Vowel is to be used long.

These eight Letters before enumerated, I conceive to be so many distinct species of Vowels, formally different in respect of their Powers ; and though I cannot at present think of any other besides, yet having formerly, upon new considerations, and suggestions, so often changed my thoughts upon this enquiry, I dare not be dogmatical about it, or assert confidently, that there neither are, nor can be any more: For who knows how many other minute differences of Apertion may be now used, or hereafter found out, by others, which practise and custom may make as easie and distinguishable to them, as these are to us? Be­sides that the measure of Apertion (as is well observed) must be like continued quantity, divisibilis in infinitum. Only this (I think) may be safely affirmed, that the establishment of Vowels here mentioned, will serve much better to express all articulate sounds, than can be done by any of the ordinary Alphabets now in use.

I cannot but animadvert here on the by, upon that Argument which Capellus, and others do much insist upon, De Antiquitate Punctorum, l. 1. against the Antiquity of the Hebrew Points, or Vowels; Because (say they) the making of so many, is an injudicious, and irrational invention, for which there is no real ground; there being in nature, and amongst other Languages, but five distinct Vowels, and not fourteen: And therefore they conclude the Invention of them to be new, and not of any great Antiqui­ty.

To speak freely in this case (without in [...] rposing as to the main state of the Question) This Reason doth not seem to be of any force. Though the Conclusion they infer should be true, yet this Argument urged for it, is false, both as to the Consequence, and Antecedent. The Imperfections and Defects of any Invention, do rather argue the Anti­quity, than the Novelty of it; there being much time and experience required to the perfecting any invention: And it would rather fol­low, that because they are imperfect, therefore are they more like to be Ancient. But besides, the Hebrew Vowels will upon considerati­on, be found to be a contrivance full of more than ordinary Accurate­ness, founded upon the Philosophy of Articulate sounds, and may without any force be applied to the number here established: Except­ing the French (u).

And though there be no distinct Character for ȣ short, and ƴ long, perhaps that Language as well as the English seldom using such distin­ction in those sounds; yet is ( [...] ) sometimes in that Language used in stead of a short Vowel, and ( [...] ) for a long Vowel.

The use of Scheva in the Hebrew, is to direct the joyning of such Consonants together, as would otherwise be of very difficult, pronun­ciation, and not easily unite, as in the words [...] and [...] which [Page 366] should be pronounced lmodh and mloch, but because LM and ML, will not of themselves coalesce, therefore is Schevah interposed, which being rapidly pronounced (and that probably as our short ƴ) does not seem to make any distinct Syllable.

So that it seems much more colourable to infer the Novelty of the Hebrew Points, from the Accurateness, than from the injudiciousness of their contrivance.

THose Letters are stiled Consonants, in the pronouncing of which the Breath is intercepted, by some Collision or Closure, amongst the Instruments of Speech: And for this reason are they stiled Clausae Literae, as the Vowels are Apertae.

The common distinction of these into Semi-vowels and Mutes, will not upon a strict enquiry be adaequate. And therefore I do rather chuse to distribute them into these three kinds;

• 1. [...] , Spiritous, or Breathed.
• 2. [...] , (if I may use that word) Semi-spiritous, or half Breath­ed.
• 3. [...] , Non-spiritous, or Breathless.

1. By Spiritous, or Breathed, are meant such Consonants, as re­quire to the framing of them a more strong emission of the Breath, ei­ther through the

1. The Consonants which are to be breathed only through the Nose, may be again distin­guished into

• 1. Sonorous, as M. N. Ng.
• 2. Mute, as hm. hn. hng.

Both these kinds, as likewise those that follow through the Mouth, have some imperfect sound of their own, without the joyning of any Vowel with them; though the sonorous only be Vocal ; and the mute sort are only a kind of Whisper.

By Sonorous, are meant, such as require some voice or vocal sound, to the framing of them.

By the Mutes of these, are meant other Letters of the same confi­guration, pronounced with a strong emission of the Breath, without any Vocal sound.

( m ) is mugitus, the natural sound of Lowing, when the Lips are shut, and the sound proceeds out of the Nose. 'Tis counted of dif­ficult pronunciation in the end of words: For which reason, the La­tin Poets cut it off in Verse, when it comes before a Vowel in the next words: And the Greeks do not terminate any word with it.

( N ) is Tinnitus, when the breath is sent out, the Limbus of the Tongue being fixed towards the Gums, or bottom of the upper Fore­teeth. In the pronouncing of this, the breath is emitted only out of the Nose, which makes it differ from ( L ). 'Tis counted a pleasant and [Page 367] easie Letter, which may perhaps be the reason why this Letter N, and L, and R, are for the most part, both in Greek and Latin immutable, both in Declensions and Conjugations.

(Ng) is framed by an appulse of the Root of the Tongue towards the inner part of the Palat. The sound of it may be continued simple, as well as any other; which makes it evident to be a single letter, and not a compound of n, and g, as we usually write it: Thus the word Anguis, in the true spelling of it, should be writ A, ng, G, ȣ, ι, s. The Hebrew [...] is supposed by divers Authors, but I think groundlesly, to be of this power. I know several things may be said, to render it pro­bable, that the power here intended, may be sufficiently expressed, by a more soft and slight manner of pronouncing the letters N & G com­pounded together: But I rather incline to reckon it a simple and di­stinct Letter.

To the Sonorous letters of this kind, there are three Mutes of affini­ty, hm, hn, hng ; which are formed when the breath is emitted through the Instruments of Speech, in the same position respectively as in the former, but without any Vocal Sound. The two first of these are in use amongst the Welsh and Irish: And the last of them, in the opi­nion of Bellarmine, and some other Grammarians, is rather the true sound of the Hebrew [...] .

2. The Spiritous Consonants to be breathed through the Mouth, are likewise of two kinds,

• Sonorous, V. Dh. L. R. Z. Zh.
• Mute, F. Th. hL. hR. S. Sh.

(V) is the same with that which we call V Consonant: 'Tis of the same power which is commonly ascribed to B asperated, or rather in­crassated. So the Western Jews pronounce their Letter ( [...] ) when not Dageshated. And 'tis observed that in Ancient Monuments amongst the Latins, these two Letters have been often put for one another: And that in some words, Scaliger de Causis L. L. cap. 28. where the sense hath been very much varied by this change; so Acerbus for Acervus: Veneficium for Beneficium. The power of this Letter was first expressed among the Latins by the Digamma Aeolicum, ( [...] ) (so stiled for its Figure, not its Sound ) which is now the Character for the Letter (F) but had at first the power of the Consonant (V) and was written in Claudius his time invertedly, as DIFAI, AMPLIAFIT. Vossius Gram. lib. 1. cap. 15. This Letter is framed by a kind of straining or percolation of the Breath, through a Chink between the lower lip and upper teeth, with some kind of Murmure.

( F ) is the correspondent Mute to this: 'Tis framed by the same kind of position of the Lip and Teeth, and percolation of the Breath betwixt them, with this only difference, that as the former was with some kind of Vocal Sound, so this is wholly mute. This seems to be such an incrassation of the Letter (P) as (V) is of (B). 'Tis answera­ble to the Greek (φ). And though several of the Greek words with (φ) are rendred in Latin by Ph, as Philosophia, Sophista, &c. yet the Ita­lians write Filosofo, Sofista, &c. and some other words are so rendred in Latin, as [...] , fuga, [...] fama. What that diluteness is, ibid. which Vos­sius saith is more proper to F, than to φ, I understand not; nor is it easie to guess at the meaning of that in Cicero, concerning Fundanius, and Phundanius, unless perhaps it be, as Lipsius guesses, of pronoun­cing it as Pfhundanius, or else as P-hundanius.

[Page 368] ( Dh ) and its correspondent Mute ( Th ) are of that power which we commonly ascribe to the Letters D, & T, aspirated or incrassated. And though these two Powers are commonly used by us without any provision for them by distinct Characters, yet our Ancestors the Sax­ons had several Letters to express them. They represented (Dh) by this mark (ð) as in Faðer, Moðer, ðe, ðat, ðen: And ( Th ) by this mark (þ) as þeif▪ þick, faiþ. And 'tis most evident that the sounds of them (though we usually confound them, under the same manner of writing) are in themselves very distinguishable, as in these Exam­ples.

• Thee, this, there, thence, that, those, though, thou, thy, thine.
• Father, Mother, Brother, Lea­ther, Weather, Feather.
• Smooth, Seeth, Wreath, Be­queath.
• Think, thine, thigh, thing, thistle, thesis, thankes, thought, throng, thrive, thrust.
• Doth, death, wrath, length, strength, Loveth, Teacheth, &c.

These Letters are framed by a percolation of the Breath through a kind of Chink betwixt the tongue and upper teeth, the first with some kind of vocal sound, the other wholly mute.

( Gh ) and its Correspondent ( Ch ) are both of them framed by a vi­bration of the root or middle of the tongue against the Palate, the for­mer being vocal, and the other mute. They are each of them of diffi­cult pronuntiation: The first is now used by the Irish, and was per­haps heretofore intended by the spelling of those English words, Right, Light, Daughter, Enough, Thorough, &c. Though this kind of sound be now by disuse lost amongst us, the latter of them (Ch) is now used amongst the Welsh, and was perhaps heretofore intended by the Greek Letter (χ.) Neither of them is easily imitable by any mouth not trained up to the practise of them.

(L) is Clangor. 'Tis formed by an appulse of the Tip of the tongue to the Palate, and then forcing out the Breath. 'Tis esteemed facilli­ma & liquidissima Literarum ; in the pronouncing of which, most Na­tions do agree.

(Lh) or ( hL ) the correspondent Mute to this, is much used by the Welch: They seem to form it as the other ( L ) only by abstaining the voice, and a more forcible emission of the Breath, as is used in all other mute letters of the Spiritous kind.

( R ) is stridor vel susurrus: 'Tis called from the snarling of Dogs, Litera Canina: 'Tis made by a quick trepidation of the tip of the tongue being vibrated against the palate; for which, they who are disabled, by reason of the natural infirmity of their tongues, which is called [...] , Balbuties, do commonly pronounce in stead of it, the letter ( L ) which is of a more soft and easie sound. Demosthenes, Alcibiades, Aristotle, Scaliger, the Fathers, are said to have laboured under this Infirmity.

( Rh ) or ( hR ) the correspondent mute to this, is made by a forcible emission of the breath, through the instruments of Speech in the same position as for the Letter ( R ) but without any vocal sound. 'Tis the same with the Greek ( [...] ) and much in use amongst the Welsh.

[Page 369] (Z) is by some stiled ( S ) molle. 'Tis properly the Greek ( [...] ) and the Hebrew ( [...] ). 'Tis framed by an appulse of the tongue towards the upper Teeth or Gums, and then forcing out the breath from be­twixt the tongue and the upper teeth, with a vocal sound, which makes a more dense kind of hissing, mixed with some kind of murmur, apum (que) susurro persimilem : 'Tis of the same affinity with S, as B with P, D with T, and G with C. That double Letter in the Hebrew ( [...] ) which is by some accounted equivolent to this, is of a quite different power, as were easie to illustrate by several examples.

(S) the correspondent mute (though it be commonly reckoned for a semivowel) is framed as the former, but without any vocal sound. 'Tis stiled Sibilus. The power of it is the natural sound of Hissing ; for which reason 'tis called Litera Serpentina. The Hebrews have two Characters for this Letter, besides two others for its Allies. Among the Persians all words that signifie Grandeur and Magnificence, are said to be terminated with it: Though others condemn it for a harsh, un­pleasing, quarelling Letter. Messala Corvinus, a great man, and a famous Orator among the Romans, is said to have writ a particular Treatise against this Letter, much esteemed of amongst learned men. And Pindar likewise writ an Ode against it, versus [...] , wherein there was no word that had any S in it. The disability of pronouncing this Letter, is called Blaesitas, Lisping, when 'tis corruptly sounded like (th).

(Zh) the sonorous Consonant, and ( Sh ) its correspondent mute, are framed by a percolation of the breath, betwixt the tongue ren­dered concave, and the teeth both upper and lower: The first being vocal, the other mute. Though they are not provided for common­ly by distinct and simple Characters, yet are they distinct and simple letters; both of them facil and common: The first amongst the French, who express it by I, as in the word Iean, &c. and is easily imitable by us: Iudges 12.6. And though the other did once cost 42000 men their lives, for not being able to pronounce it, yet is it of common use with many Nations.

2. By Semispiritous or half breathed Consonants, are meant such as are accompanied with some kind of vocal murmure, as B, D, G. whereas

3. Those are stiled non-spiritous or breathless, which are wholly mute; as, P, T, C.

( B and P ) are framed when the breath is intercepted by the closure of the Lips; the first of them being more soft, with some kind of murmure, the other more hard and wholly mute.

( D and T ) are commonly framed, by an appulse or collision of the top of the tongue against the teeth, or upper gums; the first being more soft and gentle, with some kind of murmure, the other wholly mute.

( G and C ) are framed more inwardly, by an interception of the breath towards the throat, by the middle or root of the tongue, with such a kind of difference between them, as there is betwixt the two former pairs.

CHAP. XIII. Of Compound Letters, whether Vowels, Consonants,

BEsides these simple Letters before enumerated, there are others commonly used, which may be stiled Compound, both

• Consonants.

The Compound Vowels are called commonly Dipthongs, or Trip­thongs, or Bissona in Latin; but because the signification of those words may as well agree with double Consonants, therefore others would have them stiled Bivocales, or Trivocales. Iacobus Matthias in his Treatise de Literis, and our learned Gataker, in a particular Discourse to this purpose, do earnestly contend that there are no such things as Dipthongs. Their principal Arguments depend upon this Suppositi­on, That (ι and ȣ) (which are necessary Ingredients to the framing of all usual Dipthongs) are Consonants, the same with y and w. Others would have them to be of a middle nature, betwixt Vowels and Con­sonants; according to which Opinion I have already described them: From whence the Reason is clear, why these Vowels concur to the ma­king of Dipthongs, because being the most contract of Vowels (as i [...] also the Vowel (ƴ) of which more hereafter) They do therefore approach very near to the nature of Literae clausae, or Consonants; there being no Transition amongst these, either from one another, or to the other inter­mediate sounds, without such a kind of motion amongst the Instruments of speech, by reason of these different Apertions, as doth somewhat re­semble that kind of Collision required to the framing of Conso­nants.

Several Languages use several kinds of these Dipthongs, but how many there are in nature, may be easily collected by the former divi­sion of Vowels (supposing that to be according to nature) One of these two Vowels ι or ȣ must be an ingredient into all usual Dipthongs, ei­ther as

1. These Vowels ι and ȣ may be preposed in this mixture before each of the other; in which case they will have the same power that we commonly ascribe to y and w, and will frame these twelve Dip­thongs.

[Page 371] 2. They may be subjoyned to each of the other; as in these In­stances:

3. They may be both preposed and subjoyned to themselves and to one another.

As for the other intermediate Vowels being preposed before one another, they will not afford any coalescing sounds that are easily distinguishable. E being preposed before α, a, o, ƴ, will scarce be di­stinguished from ια, ιa, ιo, ιƴ. A, before E, will be but as ā, before α, o, u, it will not coalesce into a plain sound. The same likewise may be said of the other Vowels, α, o. So that of this kind the whole number is twenty four. And this I conceive to be a sufficient enume­ration of the natural Dipthongs.

I cannot deny but that other Dipthongs may be made by the mix­ture of the Vowel (ƴ) which were perhaps in use amongst the Jews, and exprest by ( [...] ) But being now, as I think, generally disused amongst other Nations, and for that reason very difficult to be pronounced, I shall not therefore take any further notice of them.

When two Vowels are put together by way of Dipthong, so as to coalesce in one Syllable, 'tis necessary that there should be some Note or Mark in their Characters, to signifie their conjunction, as is usual in some of the Greek and Latin Dipthongs; as [...] .— oe, ae, Otherwise there can be no certainty, whether the word be to be pro­nounced as a Monosyllable, or Dissyllable, as in D-u-el, Duel. Sw-et, Swet.

'Tis a common Assertion amongst Grammarians, Priscian, Quinti­lian, and others, That no one syllable can consist of three Vowels, and consequently that there can be no Tripthongs ; which I conceive to be founded upon the former mistake; namely, that ι and ȣ are to be used as Consonants: For 'tis evident, that each of these may coalesce with every one of the first Dipthongs, as ιaȣ, yaw, ȣaι, way, ι [...] ȣ yew, ȣƴι, in wile, wight, qui, &c.

The compound Consonants are usually distinguished into such as are

1. Those are stiled aspirated, which seem to be mixed with (H) and are usually so written; as θ, [...] , χ, [...] . But in propriety of speech, if aspiration be defined to be an impetus of Breathing, then these Con­sonants cannot so fitly be said to be aspirated, but rather incrassated by [Page 372] compression of the breath in framing of them. Though not only the Europaean Nations do at this present express them by this mixture of (H,) but it was likewise the opinion of the Antients, as may appear; because before those Letters [...] , φ, χ, were invented by Palamedes, the Grecians were wont to express the power of them, by adding the aspi­ration H, Vossius de Gram. cap. 16. to Τ, Π, Κ. Yet 'tis very plain, that each of these Consonants esteemed to be aspirated, are simple Letters; because in the prolation of them, the same sound doth still continue, and therefore they ought not to be reckoned amongst the mixed Letters.

2. Double Consonants are such as are compounded of some of the other Letters, and for the Compendium of writing, are in several Lan­guages expressed by single Characters, and reckoned in the Alphabet as if they were distinct species of simple Letters. Such are in the Latin Alphabet Q, X, and the double Letter Z, whose power is the same as DS. or TS. To which Claudius Caesar would have added an Anti­sigma in this form ( [...] ) which should have had the power of the Greek ψ, Scaliger de de Causis L.▪ L. cap. 21. or PS.

As for the Letter Q, 'Tis commonly granted to be a Compound of C and U; Vossius Gram. cap. 27. for which reason, in many ancient Books, the Letter V was not written after Q, as being involved in it; so qis, qae, qid. But what kind of V this should be, is much debated. Some would have it to be the Consonant, against which Ioseph Scaliger argues, that then it would not be pronounceable, Diatribe de varia litera­rum pronuntia­tione. being of near affinity to F, qfis, for quis. But upon consideration, it will be found to be the Letter [...] coalescing into a Dipthong with the subsequent Vowel, cȣam, being the same with quam.

What the true Original is of (J) Consonant, and that power which we give to (Ch) in the words Charity, Cheese, Chosen, Chink, &c. is a question men have much differed about. 'Tis evident that neither of them are single Letters, because in the prolation of them, we do not end with the same sound with which we begin. As for that Con­jecture, Alex. Gyll, Gram. cap. 1. that I Consonant may be expressed by dzy, dzyindzyer, Ginger, dzyudzy, Judge: or else that this sound is compounded of the Consonants dy, D [...] Wallis Gram. as dyoy for joy, dyentle, gentle, lodying for lodging. And so for the power that we ascribe to Ch, that it may be sufficiently expressed by Ty, as ortyard, for Orchard, rityes, for riches : These I think need not any particular refutation. It seems to be plain, that J Consonant is a Compound of D, and Zh; and Ch of T, and Sh.

As for the other three Consonants, that are reckoned in the common Alphabet, K, W, Y, enough hath been said to prove them unnecessa­ry. If C be used alwaies in its proper power (as every Letter ought) then K must needs be superfluous; and therefore the Welsh who use C only for one kind of sound, have no K. And as for the Letters W, Y, their power is the same with that of the Vowels ȣ, and ι, as will evidently appear when they are rapidly pronounced before any other Vowel by way of Dipthong, so as to make but one Syllable; ȣι, wee ȣarr warr, sȣim swim, ιes yes, ιoke yoke, ιȣth youth. The words young and younker being originally of the Dutch, are by them writ­ten junk junker.

And as for the Aspirations, wheele, where, when, &c. our Fore­fathers the Saxons, did antiently prefix the Aspirations before the vow­els; [Page 373] as hȣil, hȣer, hȣen, which will in pronunciation be of the very same sound and power, wherein these words are now used, and there­fore is more natural and proper than the common way of writing.

According to this establishment, the simple Letters will be thirty four, whereof eight are Vowels, and twenty six Consonants, besides twenty four Dipthongs.

The Greek Letters are said to have been at first only 16; namely, Α, Β, Γ, Δ, Ε, Ι, Κ, Λ, Μ, Ν, Ο, Π, Ρ, Σ, Τ, Υ. Vossius de Gram. cap. 18. To which Palamedes is said to have added the three Aspirates Θ, Φ X. Epicharmus the Si­cilian the double Letters Z, ξ, Ψ. and Simonides the two long Vowels η and ω Notwithstanding which, that Alphabet is still in several re­spects defective.

What Theodorus Bibliander suggests in his Tract de ratione communi omnium Linguarum, that all sounds both articulate, and inarticulate, may sufficiently be expressed by 13 Letters, and an Aspiration, viz. the five ordinary Vowels, & B, G, D, L, M, N, R, S, is so very irratio­nal, that I cannot think it needs any particular confutation.

As for those other new Alphabets that are proposed by Sir Thomas Smith, Bullokar, Alex. Gill, they do none of them give a just enume­ration of the simple Elements of speech, but what by the mixture of long and short Vowels, which do not differ specifically, together with the insertion of double Letters, they do too much increase the num­ber of them. Besides that some other Letters are left out and omit­ted.

According to this establishment of Letters, if the Lords Prayer or Creed were to be written according to our present pronunciation of it, they should be each of them thus Lettered.

Ƴȣr fadher hȣitsh art in héven, halloëd bi dhƴi nàm, dhƴi cíngdƴm cƴm, dhƴi ȣill bi dƴn, in erth az it iz in héven, giv ƴs dhis dai ƴȣr daili bred, and fαrgív ƴs ƴȣr trespassez az ȣi fαrgív dhem dhat tre­spas against ƴs, and lèd ƴs nαt intȣ temptasiαn, bƴt deliver ƴs frαm ivil, fαr dhƴn iz dhe cingdim, dhe pƴȣër and dhe glαrι, fαr ever and ever, Amen.

Ƴi bilìv in Gαd dhe fàdher αlmƴiti màker αf héven and erth, and in Dzhesƴs Crƴist hiz onli sƴn ƴȣr Lαrd, hȣ ȣ ȣaz cαnsèved bƴi dhe holi Gost, bαrn αf dhe Virgin Màri, sƴffered ƴnder Pαnsiƴs Pƴilat, ȣ [...] z criȣsifiëd ded and bƴriëd. Hi dessended m [...] ȣ hel, dhe thƴrd dai hi ròs again frαm dhe ded. Hi assended intȣ héven, hȣèr hi sitteth at dhe rƴit hand αf Gαd dhe fàdher, frαm hȣèns hi shαl cƴm tȣ dzhƴdzh dhe cȣic and dhe ded. Ƴi bilìv in dhe holi Gost, dhe holi catholic tshƴrtsh, dhe cαmmiȣni [...] αf Saints, dhe fαrgivnes αf sinz, de resƴrrecsion αf dhe bady, and lƴif everlasting. Amen.

Thus much may suffice, concerning the Forms, Essences, or Powers of the several Letters.

CHAP. XIV. Of the Accidents of Letters. 1. Their Names. 2. Their Or­der. 3. Their Affinities and Opposition. 4. Their Fi­gure, with a twofold Instance of a more regular Character for the Letters, the latter of which may be stiled Natural. 5. Of Pronunciation. 6. Of the several letters disused by several Nations.

SOmething ought briefly to be added concerning the Accidents of Letters, viz. their 1. Names. 2. Order. 3. Affinity. 4. Fi­gure. 5. Pronunciation.

1. Of their Names. Letters being of themselves the most simple Elements of Speech, § I. ought therefore to be expressed by the most sim­ple names, Names and such as do signifie their several Powers: In which re­spect, the Roman Alphabet used in these Western parts of the world, hath an advantage above other learned Languages, wherein the Vow­els are no otherwise named than by their own sounds, as A, not Aleph or Alpha ; much less have they distinct names for long and short Vow­els, as Kamets, Kametscatuph, &c. And those which they reckon as the two kinds of Consonants, Semi-vowels and Mutes, are likewise di­stinguished in their very Names. The Vowels being preposed in those which they call Semi-vowels, el, em, en, ar, and subjoyned in the Mutes, be, ce, de, ge, pe, te.

As for the other Letters before mentioned, which have a Right to be put in the Alphabet, they may be thus named: The sonorous ones, Eng, EV, Edh, Egh, EZ, EZh. The Mute ones, Hme, Hne, Hnge, Fe, The, Che, HLE, HRE, SE, She.

§ II. 2. The most proper and natural Order of the Letters, I conceive to be the same in which they have been before treated of. Vowels should be reckoned up by themselves, Order. as being a distinct kind, and first, both for their priority in Nature, Necessity, and Dignity. If the order of these were to be regulated from the Instruments of speech, then u, o, ȣ, should be first, as being Labial, and α, a, e, i, next, as Lingual, or Lin­guapalatal, De causis Ling. Lat. cap. 38. and ƴ last, as being Guttural. Scaliger would have A and O to be acknowledged for the first Vowels, as being Soni amplissimi, The next E, I, as being of a middle sound, and the last U, as being soni obscurissimi. That which to me seems the most proper Method, is to reckon them up according to their degrees of Apertion: Only in con­formity with the common Alphabets, I begin with the Linguals, α, a, e, i, o, ȣ, u, ƴ.

Amongst the Consonants, the Sonorous should precede, as approach­ing nearest to the nature of Vowels. And amongst them, if those that are breathed through the Nose do precede, M must be the first, as be­ing Labial ; N next, as being Dental ; and then NG, as being Lingua-palatal. Next, those that are breathed through the Mouth, accord­ing to this order, V, Dh, Gh, L, R, Z, Zh. The first being Labial, the next Dental, the others Lingua-dental, or Lingua-palatal. Next [Page 375] should follow the Spiritous Consonants that are Mutes ; and first those pronounced through the Nose, HM, HN, HNG, then those pronoun­ced through the Mouth, F, TH, CH, hl, hr, S, Sh. Then the semi-spiritous Consonants, B, D, G. And lastly, the non-spiritous, or breathless Consonants, P, T, C.

3. The Affinity of Vowels each to other is not difficul to determine, α and a of a middle sound, e and i of a more acute, § 3. o and ȣ of a more grave tone. If they were to be opposed to one another, Affinity. this distribu­tion would be most natural, (αi) (ao) (eȣ) (vu) and so vice versa, (iχ) ( [...] a) (ȣe) (uv.)

The Affinity amongst the Consonants most obvious is this, (M, HM) (N, HN,) (NG, HNG,) (V, F,) (Dh, Th,) (Gh, Ch,) (L, HL,) (R, HR,) (Z, S,) (Zh, Sh,) (BP) (DT) (GC.)

4. Though all Nations do or should agree in the same power and sound of the Letters, § 4. yet they differ very much in those Figures and Characters, Figure. whereby they represent them in writing according to those divers Alphabets that are received in the world: Amongst which, though some are much more convenient than others, yet none of them seem contrived upon a Philosophical ground. In the framing of such a Literal Character, these Conditions ought to be observed.

1. They should be the most simple and facil, and yet elegant and comely as to the shape of them.

2. They must be sufficiently distinguished from one another.

3. There should be some kind of sutableness, or correspondency of the figure to the nature and kind of the Letters which they express.

It is not either necessary or convenient in the framing of a Language; to make use of all the Letters belonging to the Alphabet; but 'tis suffi­cient that such only be made choice of, as are most easie and pleasant in the pronunciation and sound of them. But though it be not need­ful to introduce all the Letters into the common use of a Language▪ yet it is most necessary that some way should be provided for represent­ing the powers of all the simple Letters, because without this, there can be no way to express the proper names used in several Languages, whether of Places, or Persons, &c. as England, London, Oxford, Iohn, Mary, &c. There being frequent occasion in discourse to mention the names of such Individuals : And these being nothing else but such words or sounds as men have agreed upon to signifie such particular places or persons, must therefore be expressed by such Letters as make up these sounds. And though this real Character here treated of (as it is made effable) may serve for most of them, yet because there are several others not this way provided for, therefore may it be proper to offer some distinct Alphabet of Letters. Of which, I had provided several Instances and Examples agreeable to the Rules above mention­ed. But I shall at present (because I would not too much digress) set down only two; which to me seem considerable in their several kinds. The former being more facil and simple, the other more complicate ; but with this advantage, that it hath in the shape of it some resemblance to that Configuration which there is in the Organs of speech upon the framing of several Letters. Upon which account it may deserve the name of a Natural Character of the Letters.

The Letters according to the first design, are represented in the fol­lowing Table, consisting of 31 Ranks and 15 Columnes.

[Page 377] The first Rank doth contain the Characters for the six more sim­ple Vowels, both preposed and subjoyned according to a threefold place, at the top, the middle, and the bottom of the Character, the former three being meer Rounds, the other Hooks. Those of a mid­dle power, because they are necessary Ingredients to the making of all the usual Dipthongs, therefore have they a larger Character assigned to them, to which any of the other Vowels may be affixed, when they are to coalesce into Dipthongs. And though the Letter Y, be proper­ly (as it is reckoned) one of those that are mediae potestatis, and may be compounded into a Dipthong with any of the other Vowels, yet because it is not now (for ought I know) made use of to this purpose, in any of those Languages that are commonly known and used amongst us; therefore is it at present reckoned only amongst the Vowels.

The second Columne (besides the marks for those three Letters H, ȣ, i,) doth contain likewise the Characters for all the Consonants, according to their several affinities; where the Non spiritous Con­sonants are expressed by straight lines, the Spiritous Consonants of affi­nity to them being distinguished by a little hook affixed at one end. The other Consonants by curve lines, with the like distinction for their correspondent Mutes. The rest of the Ranks and Columnes consisting of mixed Letters, either the mixtures of the Vowels with H, ȣ, or I, or else the incorporating the Character for each of the six Vowels with that of the Consonant, the Vowel being preposed in the 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. Columnes, and subjoined in the other.

As for the Characters that serve for Interpunction, the Comma may be expressed by a small, streight, oblique line (,) The Semicolon, Colon and Period, may continue as they are now used by most of the Europeans ; there being nothing in their figure, of any such near resem­blance to the other Characters, as may make them liable to mistake. And so likewise may those other Notes, which serve to distinguish the various manners of Pronuntiation, whether Explication [] Interroga­tion? Wonder! Irony ¡ only the two curve Lines for Parenthesis () being here used for the Letters L, and R, may be supplied by these []

At the bottom of this Table there is an Instance of the Lords Prayer, being lettered sutably to our present pronuntiation of it.

The Letters according to the second design may be thus contrived; [Page]

[Page 379] The first Columne doth contain the Vowels, as they are distinguish­ed into

• Less contracted ; O.
• Downwards, ȣ.
• Vpwards, U.
• More concave ; and removed, at some distance from the Palate, α.
• Less concave ; or plain, and brought nearer to the Palate, a.
• Somewhat convex, towards the Palate, e.
• More convex, ι.
• Guttural, Ƴ.

The other Columnes do contain the Consonants, as they are distin­guished into

• Sonorous B.
• Sonorous V.
• Sonorous M.
• Sonorous Dh
• Sonorous R.
• Sonorous Z.
• Sonorous Zh.
• Sonorous N.
• Sonorous G.
• Sonorous GH.
• Sonorous NG.

Unto each of the Letters represented by a Face, there is adjoyned a lesser Figure, consisting only of the chief out-lines representing the Organs of speech.

The Labials are represented by two curve Figures for the Lips. The Linguals by the Figure of the Tongue, according to its various applications; either of the Top or Root, to the several parts of the Palate, or of the Teeth.

The Sonorous Consonants, of each kind, are distinguished from the Mutes, by the addition of (̄) to represent the motion of the Epiglot­tis, by which sound is made.

The Breathing or Spiritous Consonants are represented by a longer undulated Line, passing through the Mouth in some of them, either betwixt the Lips, in F, V. or between the Tongue and Palate, in Dh, Th, Gh, Ch, R, HR. In the two last of which, the top of the Tongue is divided, to represent that Trepidation or Vibration, in the framing of these Letters. Or by the sides of the Tongue in L, HL. Or betwixt the Top of the Tongue and the Teeth, in Z, S, Zh, Sh. In the two last of which, the undulated Line is doubled, to represent that more dense Percolation of breath, used in the framing of those Letters.

Those that are breathed through the Nose, have this undulated line above the Palate, as in M, HM, N, HN, NG, HNG.

I propose these only as being natural Pictures of the Letters, with­out any Design of common use, for which they are less fit, by reason of their being so complicated.

5. Though each of the Letters have their distinct powers naturally fixed, yet that difference which there is in the various manner of Pro­nunciation, § 5. doth somewhat alter the Sound of them. And there are no two Nations in the world that do exactly agree in the same way of pronouncing any one Language (suppose the Latin ) Amongst per­sons of the same Nation, Pronunci­ation. some pronounce more fully and strongly, o­thers more slightly, some more flatly, others more broadly, others more mincingly. And in the hearing of forreign Languages, we are apt to think, that none of the Letters we are acquainted with, can frame such strange sounds as they seem to make: But this doth prin­cipally proceed from the several modes of Pronunciation; the variety of which may well enough consist with the distinct power of the Let­ters. 'Tis obvious to any one to observe, what great difference there will be in the same words, when spoken slowly and treatably, and when tumbled out in a rapid precipitate manner. And this is one kind of difference in the pronunciation of several Nations; The Spaniards and [Page 381] Italians pronouncing more slowly and Majestically, the French more volubly and hastily, the English in a middle way betwixt both. Another different mode of Pronunciation betwixt several Nations, may be in regard of strength and distinctness of pronouncing, which will special­ly appear in those kind of Letters which do most abound in a Lan­guage. Some pronounce more deeply Guttural, as the Welsh, and the Eastern people, the Hebrews, and Arabians, &c. Others seem to thrust their words more forwards, towards the outward parts of the mouth, as the English ; others more inward towards the palate, as the French ; Prolegomena in Biblia Polyglot. some speak with stronger collisions, and more vehement aspirations, as the Northern people generally, by reason of their abundance of spi­rits and inward heat; others more lightly and softly, as the Southern Nations, their internal spirits being more weak, by reason of the out­ward heat.

One principal Reason of the various sounds in the pronunciation of several Languages doth depend upon the nature of those Letters, of which they do chiefly consist and are [...] ramed. Upon which account, the Greek, which abounds in Vowels and Dipthongs, is more smooth. And though the Latin have fewer Vowels, yet it is so equally mixed with them, as to be rendred facil and pleasant; whereas the Hebrew doth abound in some harsh Consonants, Aspirations and Gutturals.

I cannot here omit the Censure which an ingenious person gives con­cerning the difference of many of our European Languages, R. C. of Antho­ny in Cambd. Remains. in respect of their pronunciation. The Italian (saith he) is in pronunciation, pleasant, but without Sinews, as a still flowing water; the French delicate, but inward and nice, like a woman that dares scarce open her mouth, for fear of marring her Countenance. The Spanish, Ma­jestical, but withal somewhat terrible and fulsom, by the too much affectation of the Letter O. The Dutch manly, but withal harsh and quarrelsom. Whereas our English (saith he) hath what is comely and Euphonical in each of these, without any of their Inconveniences. 'Tis usual for men to be most favourable towards the Language unto which they have been most accustomed. 'Tis likely that Forreigners may be as apt to complain of several Defects in our Language as we are of theirs.

That which doth generally seem most difficult to Strangers in our English Tongue, is the pronouncing of certain Aspirations (as they are stiled) very frequently and familiarly used amongst us, but hardly imitable by others, though these are but few; these five words (as it is said) comprehending all of them. What think the chosen Iudges? Which a little practise might overcome.

It were desirable in a new invented Language, to make use chiefly of such Letters and Syllables, as are of general practise, § 6. and universal­ly facil in Pronunciation: But the custom of several Nations is so ex­ceeding various in this respect, that 'tis very difficult to find out what these are; most of the Letters being disused, and not acknowledged for Letters, in several Countries.

(α) is frequently used by other Nations, but not owned with a di­stinct Character by the English.

(a) is frequently used by us Englishmen, but not so much by other Nations.

(e) is generally received, but very ambiguously pronounced.

[Page 382] (i) is not owned by us for a distinct Vowel, though we frequently use the power of it. Purchas. lib. 5. Chap. 9. And the Mexicans are said not to use the Letter (y) which is the same with this (as was shewed before.)

B p Walton In­troduction. (o) is not in the Armenian Alphabet, nor do the Syrians own it, but use (u) or (aw) instead of it. Some of the Ancient Cities in Italy, those of the Vmbri and Tusci did not use this Vowel, Idem Proleg. 13.5. but u instead of it, (saith Priscian. )

(ȣ) according to the true power of it, is not owned by us, nor by many other Nations with a distinct Character.

(ƴ) is scarce acknowledged by any Nation except the Welsh.

(u) is (I think) proper to the French, and used by none else.

(M and N) are so general, that I have not yet met with an Account of any Nation by whom they are not used.

(NG) is not owned for a Letter by any, except perhaps the He­brews.

(V) is not pronounced by the Mexicans, Arabians, Persians, Sax­ons.

(Dh) seems difficult to most Nations, though frequently used by us Englishmen.

(Gh) is not any where, except amongst the Irish.

(L) is not used by the Vincent le Blanc. Part 3.16. Brasileans, nor the men of Alex. Rhodes Diction. Anim. cap. 1. Iapan. Many of the Italians, especially the Florentines, do seem to dislike this Let­ter, though others stile it the sweetest of all the rest, saith De recta scri­ptione Linguae Anglicanae. Sir Thomas Smith.

(R) is not used by the Mexicans, Brasileans, or the men of China, (say several of the same Authors) The Americans near New-England, pronounce neither L, nor R; but use N instead of both, pronouncing Nobstan for Lobstan.

Alex. Rhodes ibid. (Z) is not owned for a Letter by the Inhabitants of CochinChina.

(Zh) is not owned for a distinct Letter, either by us English, or al­most any other,

(HM, HN, HNG) are not, for ought I know) owned by any, ex­cepting only the Welsh and Irish, and the last perhaps by the Iews.

(F) is not pronounced by the Brasileans.

(Th) seems difficult to many Nations, and is owned by very few, to be a distinct Letter.

(Ch) is not used by any (for ought I can find) except the Greci­ans and the Welsh.

(HL) is almost proper to the Welsh, and scarce used by others.

(HR) though frequent amongst the Grecians, yet is rarely used by others.

Purchas. lib. 5. cap. 9. (S) is not used by the Mexicans.

(Sh) That this was not universal among the Iews, may appear by the Scripture Story of Shiboleth, nor is it either in the Greek or La­tin.

Idem l. 10. c. 3. Item. vol. 5. c. 18. Sect. 6. Vossius de Gr. cap. 27. (B) is not pronounced by the men of China or Iapan.

(D) is not used amongst the Inhabitants of China.

(G) is not pronounced by the Mexicans.

(P) is not acknowleded in the Arabick, nor was this used amongst the Iews before the Invention of Points.

(T) is not used by the Inhabitants of Iapan.

[Page 383] (C) as restrained to the power of K, is for ought I know, of gene­ral use.

'Tis not improbable but that there may be a difficulty and disuse of every one of these Letters in several Nations of the world; upon which account it is excusable, if in the framing of a Language, it be proposed to make use of all the Letters, without any particular choice of some, and seclusion of others. Or if any be excluded, they ought in reason to be such, as seem most difficult to those, amongst whom this Language hath its first Rise and Original. And such others should be most frequently used, as are generally esteemed most easie and pleasant.

These 34 Letters before enumerated, will suffice to express all those articulate sounds, which are commonly known and used in these parts of the World. I dare not be over-peremptory in asserting that these are all the Articulate Sounds, which either are, or can be in Nature; it being perhaps as impossible to reckon up all such, as to determine the just number of Colours or Tasts : But I think that these are all the principal Heads of them, and that as much may be done by these (if not [...] re) as by any other Alphabet now known.

PART IV. Concerning a Real Character, and a Philosophi­cal Language.

Chap. i. the proposal of one kind of real character (amongst many others which might be offered) both for the integrals, whether genus's, differences or species, together with the derivati­o [...] s and inflexions belonging to them, as likewise for all the several kinds of particles..

THe next Enquiry should be, what kind of Character or Language may be fixed upon, as most convenient for the expression of all those Particulars above mentioned, belonging to the Philosophy of Speech ; in order to which it may seem, that the first Enquiry should be con­cerning Language ; Because Writing is but the figure of Articulate sound, and therefore subsequent to it: But though it be true, that men did first speak before they did write, and consequently writing is but the figure of Speech, and therefore in order of time subsequent to it; yet in order of Nature there is no priority between these: But voice and sounds may be as well assigned to Figure, as Figures may be to Sounds. And I do the rather begin with treating concerning a com­mon Character or Letter, because this will conduce more to that great end of Facility, whereby (as I first proposed) men are to be invited to the Learning of it. To proceed from the Language to the Chara­cter, would require the learning of both; which being of greater dif­ficulty, than to learn one alone, is not therefore so sutable to that in­tention of ingaging men by the Facility of it. And because men that do retain their several Tongues, may yet communicate by a Real Cha­racter, which shall be legible in all Languages; therefore I conceive it most proper to treat of this in the first place, and shall afterwards shew how this Character may be made effable, in a distinct Language.

All Characters signifie either Naturally, or by Institution. Natural Characters are either the Pictures of things, or some other Symbolical [Page 386] Representations of them, the framing and applying of which, though it were in some degree feasible, as to the general kinds of things; yet in most of the particular species, it would be very difficult, and in some perhaps impossible. It were exceeding desirable that the Names of things might consist of such Sounds, as should bear in them some Ana­logy to their Natures ; and the Figure or Character of these Names should bear some proper resemblance to those Sounds, that men might easily guess at the sence or meaning of any name or word, upon the first hearing or sight of it. But how this can be done in all the par­ticular species of things, I understand not; and therefore shall take it for granted, that this Character must be by Institution. In the fra­ming of which, there are these four properties to be endeavoured af­ter.

1. They should be most simple and easie for the Figure, to be de­scribed by one Ductus of the pen, or at the most by two.

2. They must be sufficiently distinguishable from one another to prevent mistake.

3. They ought to be comely and graceful for the shape of them to the eye.

4. They should be Methodical, Those of the same common nature, having some kind of sutableness and correspondence with one another; All which qualifications would be very advantageous, both for Vn­derstanding, Memory and Vse.

Those Characters must represent either

• Derivations.
• Inflections.
• Grammatical.
• Transcendental.

The first thing to be enquired after, is to find out fitting Marks for the common Genus's or Heads in the former Tables of Integrals, which are there reduced to the number of forty. It were not difficult to offer several Varieties of these Marks or Generical Characters, with their different Advantages and Conveniences; to which purpose I had pre­pared sundry kinds of them, which I once thought to have inserted here: but upon further consideration, I shall mention only one of them, which I have chosen out of the rest, as seeming to me to be in all respects the most convenient amongst them.

• General [...]
• Rel. mixed [...]
• Rel. of Action [...]
• Discourse [...]
• World [...]
• Element [...]
• Stone [...]
• Metal [...]
• Flower [...]
• Seed-vessel [...]
• Shrub [...]
• Exanguious [...]
• Beast [...]
• Peculiar [...]
• Magnitude [...]
• Space [...]
• Measure [...]
• Power Nat. [...]
• Habit [...]
• Manners [...]
• Quality sensible [...]
• Disease [...]
• Spiritual [...]
• Corporeal [...]
• Motion [...]
• Operation [...]
• Oecon. [...]
• Posses. [...]
• Provis. [...]
• Civil [...]
• Judicial [...]
• Military [...]
• Naval [...]
• Eccles. [...]

The Differences are to be affixed unto that end which is on the left side of the Character, according to this order;

The Species should be affixed at the other end of the Character ac­cording to the like order.

And whereas several of the Species of Vegetables and Animals, do according to this present constitution, amount to more than Nine, in such cases the number of them is to be distributed into two or three Nines, which may be distinguished from one another by doubling the stroke in some one or more parts of the Character; as suppose after this manner, [...] . If the first and most simple Character be made use of, the Species that are affixed to it, will belong to the first combination of Nine ; if the other, they will belong according to the order of them, unto the second Combination.

Those Radicals which are paired to others uppon account of Oppo­sition, may be expressed by a Loop, or (o) at the left end of the Cha­racter, after this manner, [...]

Those that are paired upon the account of Affinity, are to be ex­pressed by the like Mark at the other end of the Character, thus, [...]

The double Opposites of Excess or Defect, are to be described by the Transcendental points, denoting Excess or Defect, to be placed over the Character, as shall be shewed after.

[Page 388] Adjectives should be expressed by a Hook at the right end of the Cha­racter in

• Genus's or Differences, thus [...]
• Species [...]

Adverbs (being very near of kin to adjectives) may be expressed by a Loop in the same place. In

• Genus's and Diff. [...]

Abstracts may be expressed by a Hook at the left end of the Cha­racter. In

• Genus's [...]
• Differences and Species [...]

The Active and Passive voice may be expressed, one of them by a Hook, and the other by a Loop, at the left end of the Character, after this manner, in

• Active [...]
• Passive [...]

The Plural Number may be expressed by a hook at the right end of the Character, after this manner, in

• Genus's and Differences [...]

The Characters of the Particles should each of them be of a less fi­gure, and capable of being varied to a threefold place. The Gramma­tical Particles, being applied to the sides of the Character, and the Transcendental Particles to the top of it.

These Grammatical Particles are here contrived to such a kind of distinct sutableness, so as each of the several kinds of them, hath a se­veral kind of Character assigned to them.

• 1. The Copula, by the mark of ( [...] )
• 2. Pronouns, by Points. ( [...] )
• 3. Interjections by upright Lines streight or hooked, ( [...] )
• 9. Tenses by a small streight transverse Line (-)

Amongst these Grammatical Particles the first six are more principal and absolute, viz.

1. The Copula, being the Verb Sum, according to a threefold diffe­rence of time.

• Have been, hast been, hath been.
• Am, art, is, are.

2. Pronouns.

• The same, Another
• A certain, Some body

If one of these Pronouns, suppose [...] be placed at the side of the Character before it, [...] it signifies the first Person ( I. ) If at the mid­dle, [...] it signifies the second person ( Thou. ) If at the bottom, [...] it signifies the third person ( He. ) And if they are thus affixed after a Character that signifies Action, they will then denote the Accusative Case, Me, Thee, Him. so [...] is, I love him.

If any of the Pronouns are to be rendered in their Possessive sence, this is to be expressed by a little curve Line under them, as ( [...] ) So [...] is My, or Mine, ( [...] ) is Ours, ( [...] ) is Thy or Thine, ( [...] is His. And ( [...] ) is Theirs.

The Reduplicative Notion of Pronouns may most naturally be ex­pressed by a doubling of their Character with a Fulcrum or Arrectarius interposed. So [...] is I me, that is, I my self. [...] is Thou thee, Thou thy self. [...] He him, He himself. And so for the Possessives that are re­duplicative [...] Mine mine, that is, My own, &c.

And whereas several of the Pronouns were before said to be appli­cable both unto Place, Time, and Manner, this ought to be expres­sed in writing by the help of an Arrectarius, with the Transcenden­tal Marks of PI. T. M. So [...] is, Which place. Thus [...] is, What place, or Where? [...] is, What time, or When? [...] is, What manner, or How?

Interjections may be thus expressed;

• Love, Hatred
• Mirth, Sorrow
• Desire, Aversation
• Exclamation, Silence
• Bespeaking, Expressing attention
• Insinuation, Threatning

[Page 390] The Marks for Prepositions may be thus applied;

• Out of, Concerning
• According, Instead
• With, Without
• For, Against
• Over, About
• Out of, Without
• Thorough, Beside
• Upwards, Above
• Downwards, Below
• Before, Behind
• Upon, Under
• On this side, Beyond
• Betwixt, Against

The Marks for Adverbs may be thus applied;

• Perhaps, Truly
• Less, Least
• Rather, Than
• Whilst, At length
• Together, Only
• Again, As if
• Thereabout.

The Marks for Conjunctions may be thus applied;

• Whether yea, Whether no
• And, Neither
• Indeed, But
• Although, Notwithstanding
• That, Least that
• For, Because
• Wherefore, Therefore
• Whereas, Thereupon
• Also, &c.

The other three kinds of Particles are more servile and auxiliary.

The Articles may be expressed (as was said before) by two ob­lique Lines to be placed towards the top of the Character

The Mark for the Imperative Mood, according as it is applied to several places of the Character, may express the mode of

• [...] Petition
• [...] Perswasion
• [...] Command

[Page 391] The Secondary Moods may have their Marks thus applied to them;

• Could [...]
• Might [...]
• Would [...]
• Must, shall [...]
• Must, should [...]

Several of these Secondary Modes, will according to their places, towards the top, middle, and bottom of the Character, comprehend in them the several differences of time; so [...] is I would have writ.

The Marke for the Tenses, Past, Present, and Future, may be thus applied; [...]

• Am, art, is.

The Transcendental Marks to be put in three places over the head of the Character, may be thus applied;

• Frequentative
• Augmentative

Whereas there is somewhat peculiar in the nature of Numbers, di­stinct from any of the other Heads, by reason of their great multitude, and various kinds; It may seem therefore necessary to offer some more particular directions for the expression of them, both as to the Numbers themselves, and as to the Grammatical Variations of them.

Numbers are usually expressed in Writing either by words at length, or by Figures.

The Character here proposed under the first difference of Measure, is that which doth answer to the writing of Numbers in words at length, [Page 392] And because the Species enumerated under that difference, are but nine, for the nine Digits; therefore will it be convenient in the first place, to explain the manner how all other numbers above nine, are to be expressed in this Character; which may be done by affixing some of these four Marks, ( [...] ) put after the Character, closer to the Body of it than ordinary, to denote those round Numbers, Ten, Hun­dred, Thousand, Million.

• [...] Hundred.
• [...] Thousand.
• [...] Million.
• [...] 2000000
• [...] 3000000

But because those common Figures now in use, borrowed from the Arabians, are so generally known, and a kind of Universal Character already received; therefore it may be most convenient still to retain the use of them, as being much better fitted for all the Arithmetical Operations, of Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division, &c. than either that Numerical Character mentioned before, or the way of Numeration by Letters, or any other way that I can think of.

As for those Variations of which Numbers are capable, and accord­ing to which Grammarians do commonly distinguish them, they may be thus expressed.

1. Those which are called Cardinal Numbers, One, Two, Three, &c. are the Radical Numbers themselves.

2. Ordinals, as

• First, second▪ third, &c. are Adjectives Neuter.
• Firstly, secondly, thirdly, &c. are the Adverbs Neu­ter.

3. Distributives may be exprest by the Substantive Neuter, with the Transcendental Mark of Segregate, the Substantive it self being put for one sort of Distributive in the singular Number, as sing. 3. (segr. will denote three, one by one; or for another sort of Distributive, being put in the plural number, as plural 3. (segr. will signifie by threes, or three by three.

4. Collectives may be exprest by the Substantive Neuter, with the Adverb together before it, with the transcendental Mark of Aggregate over it, as together-three, or three (Aggr. is a ternary, a leash, &c.

5. Multiplying a Number may be expressed by the Active of it, as a. three is trebling, and being multiplied by the Passive of it, as p. three being trebled.

6. Dividing a Number into parts, may be exprest by the Active with the transcendental Mark ( Part. as a. three (part) is dividing into 3 parts, or active tripartition. Being divided into parts, may be ex­pressed by the Passive with the mark of part ; as p. three (part) is be­ing divided into 3 parts, or passive tripartition. If this Division be into equal parts, one may express it by adding the Adverb equally.

[Page 393] 7. A Fraction may be exprest; If it be the Aliquot part of a Num­ber, by the Adjective Neuter, with the Transcendental Mark of Part, as adj. three (part) a third part, and it may be written thus, 3) 1; If it be not the Aliquot part of a Number, it may be exprest by both the Numbers which are to be considered in it, as three sevenths may be called a seventh part of three, and it may be written thus, 7) 3.

8. A Ration may be exprest likewise by both the Numbers which are to be considered in it, in speaking thus; as three to seven, in wri­ting [...] /7

9. Number of Species or Sorts, may be exprest by the Number with the Transcendental Mark of (kind) as threefold, 3 (kind.

10. Number of Times or Places likewise, by the Transcendental Marks of Time or Place respectively, as once, twice, &c. in one

11. Abstract Numbers, as Unity, Duality, Trinity, may be exprest by adding the Mark of Abstract upon the Character.

If the Question be how these Grammatical Variations may be con­trived in the use of the ordinary Figures for Number, this may be done by affixing such variations upon a Transverse Line over the head of the Figure, So 1 ☐ . 2 ☐ . 3 ☐ . will be the Adjective, first, second, and third, &c. So 1 ☐ . 2 ☐ . 3 ☐ will be the Adverb, Firstly, secondly, third­ly, So 2 ☐ . 3 ☐ . 4 ☐ . will be twofold, threefold, fourfold, &c So 1 ☐ . 2 ☐ . 3 ☐ . &c. will be once, twice, thrice, &c.

The Characters that serve for Interpunction, may be thus contri­ved;

• Comma [...]
• Colon [...]
• Period [...]

Those other Notes to distinguish the various manners of Pronuntia­tion may be Charactered after this manner;

• Hyphen [...]
• Parenthesis ()
• Explication []
• Interrogation ?

[Page 394] These Marks having not any such near resemblance to the other Real Characters, appointed either for Integrals or Particles, need not therefore be changed,

The Note for Emphasis, may be expressed either by a reduplication of the Characters, if it consist in one word; or by some variety in the shape of the Characters, if it consist in several words, as is usual in that way of printing Words in an Italic Letter

The meaning of these things will appear more plainly by an Exam­ple: To which purpose I shall set down the Lords Prayer, and the Creed written in this Character, which I shall afterwards explain and resolve according to the forementioned Rules.

CHAP. II. Instances of this Real Character in the Lords Prayer and the Creed.

FOr the better explaining of what hath been before delivered con­cerning a Real Character, it will be necessary to give some Exam­ple and Instance of it, which I shall do in the Lords Prayer and the Creed : First setting each of them down after such a manner as they are ordinarily to be written. Then the Characters at a greater di­stance from one another, for the more convenient figuring and interlining of them. And lastly, a Particular Explication of each Chara­cter out of the Philosphical Tables, with a Verbal Interpretation of them in the Margin.

[Page 396] Our 1. ( [...] ) The first Particle being expressed by Points, doth denote the thing thereby signified to be a Pronoun : And whereas there are two Points placed level, towards the upper side of the Character, they must therefore (according to the Directions premised) signifie the first Person Plural Number, viz. We. And because there is a curve Line under these Points, that denotes this Pronoun to be here used Possessively, and consequently to signifie Our.

Parent 2. ( [...] ) This next Character being of a bigger proportion, must therefore represent some Integral Notion. The Genus of it, viz. ( [...] ) is appointed to signifie Oeconomical Relation. And whereas the Trans­verse Line at the end towards the left hand, hath an affix, making an acute Angle, with the upper side of the Line, therefore doth it refer to the first Difference of that Genus, which according to the Tables, is relation of Consanguinity: And there being an Affix making a right Angle at the other end of the same Line, therefore doth it signifie the second Species under this Difference, viz. Direct ascending, by which the Notion of Parent is defined. And this being originally a Noun of Person, doth not the need therefore Transc. Note of Person to be af­fixed to it. If it were to be rendred Father in the strictest sense, it would be necessary that the Transcendental Note of Male should be joyned to it, being a little hook on the top, over the middle of the Character, after this manner ( [...] ▪) The word Father in the most Philosophical and proper sense of it, denoting a Male Parent. And because the word Parent is not here used according to the strictest sense, but Me­taphorically; therefore might the Transcendental Note of Metaphor, be put over the head of it, after this manner, ( [...] .) But this being such a Metaphor as is generally received in other Languages, there­fore there will be no necessity of using this mark.

3. ( [...] ) This Character consisting of Points, must therefore denote a Pronoun ; Who and because it consists of three Points, therefore must it denote one of the Compound Pronouns, and being placed towards the middle of the Character, therefore must it signifie Who personal, or Which real.

Art 4. ( [...] ) This Particle, being a small Round, doth therefore denote the Copula, and being placed towards the middle of the Character, it must therefore signifie the present tense of it, Am, art, is, are, and be­ing joyned with a Noun of the second person, is therefore in English to be rendered (Art.)

5. ( [...] ) This Particle being of a curved figure, must therefore refer to Prepositions. In And by the shape of it, it must belong to one of the Opposites in the fourth Combination of Prepositions, and by the place of it, being towards the upper end of the Character, it is determined to the Preposition ( In. )

6. ( [...] ) This Generical Character is assigned to signifie World, the right angled affix on the left side, Heaven. denoting the second Difference under that Genus, namely Heaven, which is defined to import either [Page 397] a place or state of the greatest perfection and happiness; and because there is no affix at the other end, therefore doth it signifie the Diffe­rence it self, and not any Species.

7. ( [...] ) This Particle, Thy for the Reason before mentioned ( Numb. 1.) is a possessive Pronoun, for its consisting of a single Point, it must be of the singular number; and for its place towards the middle of the Character, it must relate to the second Person, viz. Thy, or Thine.

8. ( [...] ) The Genus denoted by this Character is Transcendental General ; the affix to the end on the left side, Name doth signifie the first Difference under that Genus, viz. the Kinds of Things and Notions, or those essential Communities wherein the things of different natures do agree. The affix at the other end of the same Line, making an obtuse angle with the lower side of it, doth signifie the fourth Species under that Difference, viz. Name ▪ which according to its primary sense is described to be the word assigned for the signifying any thing or notion.

9. ( [...] ) This Particle is appointed to signifie that which is called the Imperative Mode by way of Petition, or May it be, May it be or we pray that it may be.

10. ( [...] ) This Generical Character doth signifie Ecclesiastical Rela­tion: Hallowed The affix making a right angle with the under part of the Ge­nus, doth denote the fifth Difference, which refers to Discipline, or the due ordering of the Circumstances of Ecclesiastical or sacred things to the best advantage; under which the first Species denoted by the acute Angle on the other end and side, doth signifie the more general notion of separating things from their Commonness, and setting them apart by way of Honour to a more peculiar use, which is called Con­secrating or Hallowing. By the Loop on the affix for the Difference, is signified the Passive Voice ; and by the Hook on the other affix, the notion of Adjective.

11. ( [...] ) as Numb. 7. Thy

12. ( [...] ) This Generical Character doth signifie Civil or Politi­cal Relation. The affix on the left side, Regnation, or [...] regnare. doth signifie the first Diffe­rence under tha [...] Genus which is Degrees of Persons. The affix on the Species side, doth refer to the second Species, which is King, defined to be the most principal and absolute amongst the kinds of Magistrates. The Hook at the end of the Difference affix doth signifie Action: So that the proper notion expressed by this Character is Regnation, or [...] regnare, which is the Substantive of Action, as King is of Per­son.

13. ( [...] ) as Numb. 9. May it be

14. ( [...] ) The Genus denoted by this Character is Transcendental Action ; the affix on the Difference side, coming. making an acute Angle with the lower side, doth signifie the sixth Difference, which according to the Tables doth refer to Ition, going, or passing; the affix on the Spe­cies [Page 398] side, being the first, doth according to the Tables, refer to the word Coming, which is described to be motion to a place nearer to us: The Hook on the Difference doth signifie Active voice, and the Hook on the other affix, the notion of Adjective, viz. Coming.

Thy 15. ( [...] ) as Numb. 7.

Will 16. ( [...] ) This Generical Character doth signifie the first Genus in Quality, which according to the Tables is Natural Power. The affix for the Difference, making an acute Angle, with the upper side of the Genus, must signifie Rational Faculty. The affix on the Species side, making an obtuse Angle with the lower side, must signifie the fourth Species, which is that Faculty we call Will, whereby we do rational­ly follow after that which is good, and fly what is evil. The hook on the left side upon the Difference affix, denotes the Active voice. So that the proper Signification of this Character is Volition, or [...] velle.

May it be 17. ( [...] ) as Numb. 9.

Done 18. ( [...] ) The same Generical Character with Numb. 14. deno­ting Transcendental Action. The obtuse angle on the left side signifies the third Difference, viz. General Actions relating to Business. The acute Angle at the other end, signifies the sixth Species, viz. the doing or effecting what we undertake and design, which we call performing or accomplishing ; the Loop at the end of the Difference doth denote the Passive voice, and the Hook upon the other affix, the notion of Adjective ; so that this Character signifies the Adjective Passive, of per­form, viz. performed or done.

So 19. ( [...] ) This Character being a right angled Particle, doth denote some Adverb ; and by its shape it appears to be one of the Opposites in the first Combination, and by its place towards the lower end of the Character, it is determined to the Particle ( So. )

In 20. ( [...] ) as numb. 5.

21. ( [...] ) The same Generical Character as numb. 6. signifying World, Earth the affix making a right Angle, doth denote the second diffe­rence under that Genus, namely, the Celestial parts of it in general, amongst which, this Globe of Sea and Land whereon we live, is reckoned as the seventh Species, denoted by the affix at the other end.

As 22. ( [...] ) This Particle being opposite to that numb. 19. signifying So, must therefore signifie As, the one being the Redditive of the other.

In 23. ( [...] ) as numb. 5.

Heaven 24 ( [...] ) as numb. 6.

Maist thou be 25. ( [...] ) The same as numb. 9. but being here joyned with a word Active of the second Person, it must be rendered in English, Maist thou be.

[Page 399] 26. ( [...] ) The Genus of this Character is the same with number 14, & 18. denoting Transcendental Action ; The affix on the left hand, Giving. making an obtuse Angle with the lower side of the Genus, doth there­fore signifie the fourth Difference, which concerns Actions relating to Commerce: and the affix at the other end making such an obtuse angle, doth therefore signifie the fourth Species, which according to the Tables, is Giving, described to be the parting with something to ano­ther, to which we our selves have a right. The Hook at the end of the Difference affix, doth signifie Active, and the other, Adjective, viz. Giving.

27. ( [...] ) This Particle, by the figure of it, To. must signifie a Prepo­sition of the third Combination, and by its place at the upper side of the Character, it is determined to signifie the Preposition (To.)

28. ( [...] ) This Particle consisting of Points, Us. doth therefore denote a Pronoun ; and because there are two Points placed in a Level towards the top of the Character, therefore must it signifie the first Person plu­ral, as numb. 1. And coming after a Verb, it is to be rendered in En­glish as we do the Accusative Case, ( Vs. )

29. ( [...] ) as numb. 5. In

30. ( [...] ) This Pronoun particle consisting of two points placed ob­liquely from the bottom towards the top, This doth therefore signifie one of the Relative Pronouns; and being placed at the top of the Chara­cter, it must signifie (This.)

31. ( [...] ) This Generical Character is appointed to signifie the Genus of Measure. The affix on the left hand, Day making a right angle with the lower side of the Line, signifies the fifth Difference, which is Measure of Time. The affix at the other end, making the like angle, doth denote the fifth Species, viz. Day Natural, which is described to be the time of the Suns motion from any one Meridian to the same a­gain.

32. ( [...] ) as numb. 1. Our

33. ( [...] ) This Character is appointed to signifie the Genus of Oeco­nomical Provisions, of which, Bread the first Difference denoted by the affix on the left hand, doth refer to Sustentation ordinary, and the first Species at the other end, doth refer to such kind of ordinary food as is of a more solid consistence, made of Grain, or some other Vege­table baked, without any considerable mixture, being of all other kinds of Food most necessary and common, which is Bread.

34. ( [...] ) The Genus of this Character doth signifie Transcenden­tal General. as before, N. 8. The affix on the left hand being the fifth, Expedient doth denote the Differences of things relating to means ; where the se­venth Species, denoted by the affix at the other end, doth signifie that kind of usefulness, which may probably promote the end, which we call Expediency ; and because the Hook at the end of the Species affix doth denote adjective ; therefore this Character must signifie ex­pedient.

[Page 400] And 35. ( [...] ) The Particle represented by an acute angled figure, must therefore refer to Conjunctions. By the position of the Angle down­wards, and by the situation of it towards the middle of the Character, it must denote the Conjunction, And.

Maist thou be 36. ( [...] ) as numb. 9.

Forgiving 37. ( [...] ) The Genus of this Character doth signifie Iudicial Re­lation. The affix on the Difference side, making a right angle with the upper side of the Genus, doth therefore signifie the second Difference, viz. Iudicial Actions. The affix for the Species being the ninth, doth signifie that kind of Forinsic Action, which is consequent with respect to the Iudges, inflicting the punishment or freeing from it; the first of which is executing, to which is opposed (signified in the Character by the Loop on the left hand) Pardoning, or forgiving. The Hook up­on the affix for the Difference, denoting the Active voice, and that up­on the other affix, the Adjective.

To 38. ( [...] ) as numb. 27.

Us 39. ( [...] ) as numb. 28.

Our 40. ( [...] ) as numb. 1.

Trespasses 41. ( [...] ) The same Generical Character as numb. 8, & 34. signi­fying Transcendental General. The obtuse angle on the left side doth signifie the third Difference, viz. the more common and absolute Diffe­rences of things. The affix at the other end, making a right Angle with the upper side, doth signifie the second Species, namely, that Difference of things which doth include a respect to the Will, as to their agreement or disagreement with that Faculty, whereby they are rendered desirable, or avoydable; which we call Goodness or Evilness. The Loop towards the left hand, at the joyning of the Affix, doth denote the Opposite in the Tables, namely, Evilness : The Hook at the other end of the same Affix▪ doth signifie the Active voice; and the hook on the other side, the Plural Number : So that the true impor­tance of this Character must be evil actions, which is the same with that which we stile Trespasses.

As 42. ( [...] ) as numb. 19.

We 43. ( [...] ) as numb. 24.

Are 44. ( [...] ) as numb. 4. But being here used with a word of the plural number, it must be rendered Are.

Forgiving 45. ( [...] ) as numb. 37.

To 46. ( [...] ) as numb. 27,

Them 47. ( [...] ) This Particle Pronoun consisting of two points placed le­vel, must signifie the Plural Number of one of the Personal Pronouns, and being at the lower end of the Character, it must signifie They, and coming after the Verb, it must be rendered Them.

Who 48. ( [...] ) as numb. 3.

[Page 401] 49. ( [...] ) as numb. 44. But being here placed towards the upper part of the Character, it must signifie the Copula in the Preter Tense, Have been Have been.

50. ( [...] ) The same Radical as numb. 41. Only the Hook on the Species affix, is on that side which signifies the notion of Adjective, Transgressing viz. Transgressing.

51. ( [...] ) This Particle doth by its figure appear to be one of the opposite Prepositions of the second Combination, Against and by its position towards the bottom of the Character, it is determined to ( A­gainst. )

52. ( [...] ) as Numb. 24. Us

53. ( [...] ) as Numb. 31. And

54. ( [...] ) This Particle by the figure of it, must be one of the Op­posites of the first Combination of Adverbs, and by the place of it, Not it must be the Negative Particle No, or Not.

55. ( [...] ) as Numb. 9. Maist thou be

56. ( [...] ) The same Generical Character as Numb. 14, 18.26. sig­nifying Transcendental Action, The Difference on the left hand, Leading be­ing the same as Numb. 14. Namely, the sixth, denoting Ition ; where the fifth Species signified by the right angled affix at the other end, doth by the Tables signifie Leading, which is described to be the caus­ing of another thing to come after. The Hook on the Difference affix, doth signifie Active, and the other Hook Adjective. viz. Lead­ing.

57, ( [...] ) as Numb. 28. Us

58. ( [...] ) This Particle by the place and shape of it, must be oppo­site to that, Numb. 5. And consequently, according to the Tables, Into must signifie ( Into. )

59. ( [...] ) The Generical Character the same with that, N. 14, 18, 26, 56. The right Angle on the left side denoting the second Difference, Temptation viz. General Relations of Actions Comparate: The right Angle at the other end and side, signifying the fifth Species, which in the Tables, is Comparing ; to which is adjoyned by way of Affinity (signified by the Loop) the Notion of Trying, or the Examining of things, for the distinguishing of their Truth and Goodness. And because this is in it self of an indifferent nature, and consequently not to be deprecated; therefore the true Notion of it in this place, must be confined to such kind of Temptations or Trials as may be hurtful, which is expressed by the Transcendental Particle of Corruptive, set on the top of the Character towards the right hand.

60. ( [...] ) This Particle by the figure of it, must denote a Conjuncti­on, and an Opposite belonging to the second Combination, But and by the place of it towards the upper end of the Character, it is determin­ed to the Conjunction, (But.)

[Page 402] Maist thou be 61. ( [...] ) as Numb. 9.

Delivering 62. ( [...] ) This Generical Character doth signifie Spiritual Action, under which the first Difference denoted by the acute Angle on the left side, doth refer to the Actions of God, ( i. e. ) such kind of Actions as do primarily belong to the Divine Nature; though some of them may in a secondary manner, and by way of participation be ascribed to other things. The right Angle made by the other affix, doth de­note the fifth Species, which is defined to be the keeping or taking one from any kind of evil; which we call Delivering. The Hooks upon each affix (as hath been often said before) must denote Active, and Adjective.

Us. 63. ( [...] ) as Numb. 24.

64. ( [...] ) A Preposition of the third Combination, and by its place at the middle of the Character, From it is determined to the Preposition From.

65. ( [...] ) The same Radical Character as Numb, 41, 50. The lit­tle upright stroke on the top towards the right hand, Evil being the Tran­scendental Note of Thing.

For 66. ( [...] ) This Particle, by the shape of it, must be a Conjunction of the third Combination, and by the position of it about the middle of the Character, it must be the Causal Particle For, or Because.

The 67. ( [...] ) This oblique stroke towards the top is appointed to signi­fie one of the Articles subservient to Substantives; and because the ob­liquity of it, is from the bottom upwards towards the right hand, there­fore doth it denote the Demonstrative Article The.

Regnation, or [...] regnare. 68. ( [...] ) as Numb. 12.

And 69. ( [...] ) as Numb. 35.

The 70. ( [...] ) as Numb. 67.

Power 71. ( [...] ) This Generical Character doth signifie Habit ; the right angle on the left side, denoting the second Difference, which compre­hends the Instruments of Virtue, commonly stiled the Goods of For­tune : the right angle at the other end, signifying the fifth Species, which is Power, described to consist in an ability to protect our selves and others from Injury.

And 72. ( [...] ) as Numb. 35.

The 73. ( [...] ) as Numb. 67.

Glory 74. ( [...] ) The same Character, both as to the Genus and Diffe­rence with Numb. 71. The affix towards the right hand signifying the second Species, which is Reputation, which by the transcendental mark of Augmentative over the Character towards the right hand, doth im­port the Notion of Glory, viz. the greatest kind and degree of Repu­tation.

[Page 403] 75. ( [...] ) as Numb. 4. Is

76. ( [...] ) as Numb. 7. Thine

77. ( [...] ) This Generical Character, Everly doth signifie the Genus of Space. The acute angle on the left side to the top, doth denote the first Difference, which is Time. The other affix signifies the ninth spe­cies under this Difference, which is Everness. The Loop at the end of this affix denotes the word to be used adverbially ; so that the sense of it must be the same which we express by that phrase, For ever and ever.

78. () The word Amen in the Literal Character. Amen

79. ( [...] ) as Numb. 19. So

80. ( [...] ) as Numb. 9. May it be.

[Page 405] 1. ( [...] ) This Particle being a single point, I must denote one of the demonstrative Pronouns in the singular Number: And by its place towards the upper end of the Character, and before the Verb, the Nominative Case of the first Person, viz. I.

2. ( [...] ) This Particle being a Round, must signifie the Copula, Am and being placed towards the middle, and joyned with the Nominative case of the first person, it must be rendered ( Am. )

3. ( [...] ) This Generical Character is appointed to signifie the Genus of Habit. Believing The affix on the left hand making a right angle with the lower side, doth signifie the fifth Difference under that Genus, which according to the Tables, is Infused Habit. The other affix ma­king an obtuse angle, doth signifie the fourth Species, viz. Faith ; which is defined to consist in a readiness of mind to yield an effectual assent (without any affected captiousness) unto revealed Truths, up­on such Grounds as their natures are capable of, and such as are in themselves sufficient to prevail with a prudent teachable man. The Hook upon the Difference denotes the Active voice, and the hook upon the Species, the Adjective, viz. Believing.

The Word Believe being of an equivocal sense, may likewise be ex­pressed by the Genus of Spiritual Action, the second difference, relating to the Acts of the Speculative Iudgment, and the affinis of the second Species, which is Believing, described to be an assent to any thing as truth upon the credit of others by whom it is related. But I rather chuse the former, as being more proper to this place.

4. ( [...] ) A streight Line being the most simple, God the Fa­ther is put for the Cha­racter of God. The acute angle on the left side doth denote the first Person of the Blessed Trinity, namely, God the Father ; which by fol­lowing the Verb, is supposed to be in the Object case. And this may better express the true notion of Credo in Deum, than by using the Pre­position In, as the sense of that Particle is determined in the foregoing Tables.

5. ( [...] ) This Character doth by the two strokes denoting an Hyphen, appear to be a Compound. Almighty The two Points denote a Pronoun of the third Combination, and by the place of them at the bottom, they must signifie the Vniversal Collective, viz. All. The Integral Character with which this is compounded, is the Genus of Natural Power. The Hook at the end signifies the Grammatical notion of Ad­jective. So that this compound Character may be rendered All-power­ful, Omnipotent, or Almighty.

6. ( [...] ) This Particle doth signifie the Demonstrative Article The. The

7. ( [...] ) This Particle being a small transverse Line placed at the side, Having been must denote one of the Tenses, and being placed towards the upper part, it must signifie the Preter Tense.

8. ( [...] ) The Genus of this Character is appointed to signifie Spi­ritual Creating per­son [Page 406] Action, or the Action of a Spirit, or Spiritual Faculty. The affix on the left, and that likewise on the right side, making acute angles with the upper side, must therefore signifie the first difference under that Genus which refers to Actions of God, and the first Species of that Difference, namely, Creation ; which is defined to be, the putting of things into their first being. The hook at the end of the Difference affix, doth signifie Active, and the other Adjective. The transcen­dental mark, of a little flat Line on the top towards the right hand, doth denote Person ; so that this Character with the precedent affixes, doth properly signifie, the having been Creating Person.

Of 9. ( [...] ) This Particle doth by its figure appear to be one of the Prepositions of the first Combination, and by its position towards the top of the Character, it is determined to be the first of them, which in Latin and Greek is expressed by the Genitive case, and in English by the Particle Of.

Heaven. 10. ( [...] ) The Genus of this Character signifies World. The affix on the left side denoting the second Difference, is Heaven.

And 11. ( [...] ) This Particle, by the shape of it, appears to be a Conjun­ction of the first combination, and by the position of it towards the middle of the Character, it must be the second of them, viz. the Con­junction Affirmative, namely, And.

Of 12. ( [...] ) as Numb. 9.

Earth 13. ( [...] ) The same Character as to Genus and difference with Numb. 10. The affix for the Species making an acute Angle, and pas­sing below the middle line, doth denote the seventh Species, which according to the Tables, is this Globe of Sea and Land.

And 14. ( [...] ) as Numb. 11.

Jesus Christ 15. ( [...] ) The same Generical Character as Numb. 4. The right Angle denoting the second Person in the Blessed Trinity, viz. Iesus Christ.

His 16. ( [...] ) This Particle being a single point, must denote one of the Demonstrative Pronouns in the singular number; and by its place to­wards the bottom of the Character, it must signifie the third Person, or He ; and being made possessive by the curve line under it, it must be rendered His.

Son 17. ( [...] ) The Genus of this Character doth denote Oeconomical Relation. By the acute angle on the left side, is signified the first Diffe­rence, which is Relation of Consanguinity. By the right angle at the other end, is denoted the second Species, which is described to be Di­rect Ascending, namely, Parent ; to which is opposed Direct Descend­ing, namely, Child, which opposition is denoted by the Loop on the left side of the Character.

Only 18. ( [...] ) The same Genus with the former, the fourth Diffe­rence, [Page 407] denoting Relations of Equality ; the second Species signifying that particular Relation which is founded upon our Conversing with others, namely, Companion. To which the opposite (signified by the Loop at the joyning of the difference affix) is being in a state of Segregation from others. The hook upon the Species affix, denoting Adjective, viz. Alone, or Only.

19. ( [...] ) These two Points standing level, must signifie one of the Demonstrative Pronouns, in the Plural number. Our By the place of them towards the upper side of the Character, they must denote the first Person, We ; which being by the curve line rendered Possessive, must signifie Our.

20. ( [...] ) The Genus of this Character is assigned to signifie Civil Relation ; Soveraign of which the first difference doth denote Degrees of Per­sons. The second Species signifying the supreme Magistrate, to whom others owe Subjection and Obedience, viz. King, Lord, Soveraign.

21. ( [...] ) This Particle consisting of three Points, must therefore signifie one of the Compound Pronouns. Who By the position of it to­wards the middle of the Character, it denotes the second of them, to be rendered Who, when we speak of a Person : and Which, when we speak of a Thing.

22. ( [...] ) The Copula, as Numb. 2. but being here placed towards the top of the Character, it must be rendered in the Preter tense, Was viz. Hath been, or Was.

23. ( [...] ) The Genus of this Character is assigned to Corporeal A­ction. The acute angle on the left side, denoting the first Difference, Conceived namely, such corporeal actions as belong primarily to Vegetative and living bodies. The right angle at the other end, signifies the second Species, which in the Tables is Impregnation ; to which the Word Conception is adjoyned by way of Affinity, signified by the Loop on the right side. The Loop on the Difference affix, signifying the Passive voice; and the Hook upon the Species affix, Adjective.

24. ( [...] ) This Particle, by the figure and position of it, must be the second in the first combination of Prepositions, By relating to the Effi­cient Cause, which we render By.

25. ( [...] ) as Numb. 6. The

26. ( [...] ) The same Genus with numb. 4, and 15. Holy Ghost The obtuse an­gle signifying the third Person of the Blessed Trinity, viz. Holy Ghost.

27. ( [...] ) The same Genus and Difference as numb. 23. The af­fix towards the right hand making an obtuse angle with the upper side must signifie the third Species, which is Parturition, or bringing forth. Borne The Loop at the end of the difference affix, denoting Passive voice, and the Hook on the other side, Adjective, viz. Borne.

28. ( [...] ) This Particle, by the figure and position of it, Of doth ap­pear [Page 408] to be the third of the first combination of Prepositions, relating to the Material Cause, ex qua (Of)

The 29. ( [...] ) as numb. 6.

Virgin 30. ( [...] ) The same Genus as numb. 17, & 18. The affix towards the left hand, denoting the second Difference, which is Relation of Affinity ; the other affix denoting the first Species, viz. that preceding state, whereby persons are rendered capable of Marriage, namely, Celibate, to which the notion of Virgin is joyned as an affinis (denoted by the Loop on the right side) described to be one that hath not cou­pled with any other.

Mary 31. ( [...] ) The name Mari in the Literal Character, as being a proper name.

Capitally pu­nished 32. ( [...] ) The Genus of this Character doth belong to Iudicial Relation; the difference affix being the fifth, must denote Capital pu­nishment ; the Loop upon the Difference affix signifying Passive, and the hook upon the other affix, Adjective.

Under 33. ( [...] ) This Particle, by the figure and position of it, must be the first Opposite in the sixth combination of Prepositions, namely, Vn­der.

34. ( [...] ) These being proper Names, are to be ex­pressed only by a Literal Character, Pontius Pilate according to our English pronun­ciation.

Was 35. ( [...] ) as numb. 22.

Crucified 36. ( [...] ) The same Genus and Difference with numb. 32. Un­der which Crucifying is reckoned as the ninth Species. The Loop on the Difference affix doth denote the notion of Passive voice; and the Hook at the other end, the notion of Adjective, Crucified.

Dead 37. ( [...] ) The same Genus and Difference with numb. 23, & 27. signifying such corporeal Actions as do primarily belong to Vegeta­tives. The affix on the right side, making an acute angle with the upper part of the transverse, and passing below it, doth signifie the seventh Species, which is Living ; to which Dying is opposed. And that the Opposite is here intended, may appear by the Loop at the joyning of the Difference affix; the hook on the Species affix signifying Adjective.

And 38. ( [...] ) as numb. 11.

Buried 39. ( [...] ) The Genus of this Character is assigned to Ecclesiasti­cal Relation; the fourth Difference comprehending the more com­mon Actions belonging to Religion: the affix at the other end, being a thorough stroke, and making an obtuse angle to the upper side, must denote the ninth Species, which is Burying, described in the Tables to be one of those Ritual Offices consisting in performance of the Rites due to the dead, by putting their Bodies into the Ground. The [Page 409] Loop on the Difference affix, doth signifie (as before) Passive, and the other Hook Adjective.

40. ( [...] ) A Pronoun of the third person, singular number, viz. He. He

41. ( [...] ) as numb. 22. Was

42. ( [...] ) This appears by the Hyphen, Descending to be a compound Character. The Particle in this composition, doth by the figure and position, denote the Opposite to the first of the fifth Combination of Prepositions, viz. Downward. The Genus of the Integral Chara­cter, is Transcendental Action. The affix on the left side, making an acute angle with the bottom of the Line, doth denote the sixth Diffe­rence, which is Ition, or the passing of things from one place or state to another; and because there is no affix at the other end, therefore this Character must denote the Difference it self. The Hooks on each side, do signifie Active and Adjective.

43. ( [...] ) This Particle doth by the figure and position of it, Into appear to be the first of the fourth Combination of Prepositions, and conse­quently to signifie Into.

44. ( [...] ) This Character is the same for Genus and Difference with numb. 10. which doth there signifie Heaven ; Hell and whereas here there is a Loop at the joyning of the Difference affix; therefore must it de­note that which is opposite to the former; namely, Hell. This Clause might perhaps be more properly expressed thus; He became in the state, or he passed into the Invisible place, of the having died persons.

45. ( [...] ) as numb. 40. He

46. ( [...] ) as numb. 22. Was

47. ( [...] ) The same Genus with numb. 23, 27, & 37. Denoting Corporeal Action. The acute angle on the left side, Rising doth denote the sixth Difference, which is Gesture ; namely, such animal motion whereby the situation of the Whole or Parts is altered. The acute an­gle at the other end to the upper side, doth denote the first Species, which is motion upwards direct; namely, Rising. The Hooks on each affix denote Active and Adjective.

48. ( [...] ) This Particle, by the figure and position of it, must be the second of the third combination of Prepositions, viz. From. From

49. ( [...] ) as numb. 6. The

50. ( [...] ) as numb. 7. Having been

51. ( [...] ) This Charcter is in all respects the same with numb. 37. Excepting only, Dead persons that there is another hook upon the Species affix to signifie Plural Number, together with the transcendental Note of Person at the top of the Character towards the right hand, which makes the importance of this Character, with the two preceding Particles to be, The having died Persons.

[Page 410] On 52. ( [...] ) Though this Preposition be properly local signifying in, as being opposite to numb. 43. Yet it is applicable, as the others of the same kind are, to Time ; in which case it may be rendered On.

The 53. ( [...] ) as numb. 6.

Day 54. ( [...] ) The Character is the Genus of Measure. The affix both on the left and right side, denote the fifth Difference, which is Mea­sure of Time, and the fifth Species, which is Day Natural.

Third 55. ( [...] ) The same Genus with the former, denoting Measure. The Difference affix making an acute angle with the upper side of the transverse, doth denote the first Difference, which refers to Number. The obtuse angle at the other end of the transverse, denoting the third Species, which according to the Tables, is the number Three. The Hook on this affix, shews this Word to be used adjectively, viz. Third.

He 56. ( [...] ) as numb. 40.

Was 57. ( [...] ) as numb. 22.

58. ( [...] ) Such a Compound as numb. 42. Only the Prepositi­on here, Ascending being the first of the fifth Combination, must signifie Vpwards ; and consequently, as the numb. 42. did signifie Descending : so this must be the Opposite to it; namely, Ascending.

Into 59. ( [...] ) as numb. 43.

Heaven 60. ( [...] ) as numb. 10.

In 61. ( [...] ) as numb. 52.

Which place 62. ( [...] ) A Compound of the Pronoun Which, and the transcenden­tal Mark of Place, viz. Which place.

He 63. ( [...] ) as numb. 4.

64. ( [...] ) The Copula in the present tense, which being applied to the third Person singular, Is must be rendered ( is. )

Sitting 65. ( [...] ) The same Character, both as to Genus and Diffe­rence, with that, numb. 47. The species affix making a right angle with the bottom of the transverse, must denote the fifth Species; namely, sitting; the hook upon this affix, signifying the notion of Ad­jective.

66. ( [...] ) This Particle, by the figure and position of it, doth ap­pear to be the first Opposite in the third combination of Prepositions, At and to signifie At.

The 67. ( [...] ) as numb. 6.

Right hand 68. ( [...] ) The Genus of Space. The obtuse angle on the left side, [Page 411] denoting the third Difference under that Genus; namely, Situation : the oblique line at the other end of the transverse, passing by both sides of it, doth denote the ninth Species under that Difference, viz. Right Side, or Right Hand.

69. ( [...] ) as numb. 9. Of

70. ( [...] ) as numb. 4. God the Fa­ther

71. ( [...] ) as numb. 48. From

72. ( [...] ) as numb. 62. Which place

73. ( [...] ) as numb. 40. He

74. ( [...] ) The Copula in the Future tense, signifying, Shall be. Shall be

75. ( [...] ) The Genus of transcendental Action, Coming the sixth Dif­ference, as before, numb. 42, 58. The first Species, viz. Come. The hooks on each affix, denoting Active, Adjective, viz. Coming.

76. ( [...] ) This Particle, by the figure and position of it, For doth ap­pear to be the second opposite in the first combination, and to signifie a respect to the final Causes in Latin, ob, propter, in English, For.

77. ( [...] ) The Genus of Iudicial Relation. The first Difference, Judging which is Forinsic Persons; and the first Species, which is Iudge. The hook upon the difference affix, denotes this to be a Noun of Action, viz. Judication, or Iudging.

78. ( [...] ) as numb. 6. The

79. ( [...] ) as numb. 51. Only, Quick there wants the Note of Oppo­site; so that as that signified dead persons, this must signifie living per­sons.

80. ( [...] ) as numb. 11. And

81. ( [...] ) as numb. 6. The

82. ( [...] ) as numb. 7. Having

83. ( [...] ) as numb. 51. Died persons

84. ( [...] ) as numb. 1. I

85. ( [...] ) as numb. 2. Am

86. ( [...] ) as numb. 3. Believing

87. ( [...] ) as numb. 6. The Holy Ghost

88. ( [...] ) as numb. 26. The

89. ( [...] ) The Genus of Ecclesiastical Relation ; Church the transcendental [Page 412] mark 'over it, denoting Aggregate, which is the proper notion of Church.

Holy 90. ( [...] ) The same Genus and Difference, as numb. 3. Denoting Infused Habit ; the second Species being Holiness, described to be that habitual frame, whereby one is fitted for virtuous actions; more espe­cially for the duties of Religion: the hook upon the Species affix, de­noting the Notion of Adjective, viz. Holy.

Universal 91 ( [...] ) The Genus of this Character is assigned to signifie Tran­scendental Relation mixed ; the obtuse angle at each end, must denote the third difference, and the third species: the third difference under that Genus, containing such transcendental relations as concern Number. The third species, being that more distinct relation of one Indetermi­nate, or All, viz. Particularity, or Vniversality. The Loop at the joyning of the difference affix, denoting an Opposite, doth determine the Character to the second of these: And the Hook at the end of the species affix, doth make it signifie as an Adjective, viz. Vniversal, Catholick.

The 92. ( [...] ) as numb. 6.

Communion 93. ( [...] ) The Genus of Ecclesiastical Relation, as numb. 89. The third Difference, concerning states of Religion ; the second speci­es, Catholick, or Communicant, which is described to be one that is in a state of Charity with the body of those that agree in the same pro­fession: the Abstract of which, denoted by the hook upon the diffe­rence affix, is Communion.

Of 94. ( [...] ) as numb. 9.

Saints 95. ( [...] ) The same Genus and difference, as numb. 93. The fifth species denoting such as are eminently religious ; the hook upon the species affix, signifying the Plural Number, viz. Saints.

The 96. ( [...] ) as numb. 6.

97. ( [...] ) The Genus of Iudicial Relation, as numb. 77. The second difference denoting Iudicial Actions. Being forgiven The ninth species signi­fying that kind of Judicial Action, which concerns the inflicting of pu­nishment, or freeing from it, Executing, or Pardoning. The Loop, at the joyning of the difference affix, denotes this to be an Opposite, viz. Pardoning or Forgiving. The Loop upon the top of this affix, signifies the passive voice, viz. the being forgiven.

Of 98. ( [...] ) as numb. 9.

99. ( [...] ) The Genus of Transcendental General ; the third diffe­rence respecting the more common and absolute differences of things; Sins the second species denoting that difference of things, which doth in­clude a respect to the Will, as to the agreement or disagreement of things with that Faculty, stiled Goodness or Evilness. The Loop to­wards the left hand, at the joyning of the affix, denoting opposite, viz. [Page 413] Evilness ; the hook at the other end of the same affix, doth signifie the Active voice; and the hook upon the other affix, doth denote the plu­ral number : So that the meaning of this Character, must be evil acti­ons, the same as Trespasses, or Sins.

100. ( [...] ) as numb. 6. The

101. ( [...] ) The mark of Future tense. Future

102. ( [...] ) A compound Character. The Particle, doth by the figure and the position of it, Relife, or li­ving again appear to be the third Opposite in the fourth Combination of Adverbs, which is Re, denoting Restitution to what was before. The Integral Character signifies Life ; as numb. 79.

103. ( [...] ) as numb. 9. Of

104. ( [...] ) as numb. 9. The

105. ( [...] ) The same Genus as numb. 10. signifying World. Body The first difference under that Genus, being Spirit. The Opposite to which, denoted by the Loop at the joyning of the Affix, is Body.

106. ( [...] ) as numb. 11. And

107. ( [...] ) as numb. 6. The

108. ( [...] ) as numb. 101. Future

109. ( [...] ) The same Integral as 102. Life

110. ( [...] ) A compound with the Pronoun All, as numb. 5. Everlasting The Genus of the Integral being the same with numb. 54, 55. doth de­note Measure ; the fifth difference of which, doth signifie measure of time, to which the word Duration is adjoyned by way of Affinity, signified by the Loop at the right side, where the hook denotes Adje­ctive : So that the true sense of this Character, is All-during, or Ever­lasting.

I forbear any other Examples out of Aristotle, Euclid, Tully, Terence, which I once thought to have subjoyned; because if what hath been already delivered, be sufficiently understood, it will appear easie enough to render any thing out of those Authors, in this Character.

I shall only add concerning the Character here proposed, that be­sides the Facility, Comliness and Distinctness of it, containing a Descri­ption of what is to be expressed by it, both as to the nature of the things, and the Grammatical Variation of the words; 'tis likewise a much shorter way of writing, than that by Letters: and by the great Variety which it is capable of, would afford the surest way for Crypto­graphy or secret Writing.

CHAP. III. How this Real Character may be made effable in a distinct Lan­guage, and what kind of Letters or Syllables may be conveni­ently assigned to each Character.

BY what hath been already delivered, it may sufficiently appear, how any thing or Notion, which falls under humane Discourse, may be expressed by such a Character as shall be legible to men of all Nations and Languages.

I come now to shew how this Universal Character may be made effa­ble in a distinct Language : The unfolding of which (supposing what hath been said about the Character and Grammar, to be well under­stood) will need but little time and pains.

The Qualifications desirable in a Language, should have some ana­logy and proportion to those before mentioned concerning a Character or way of Writing ; Namely,

1. The words of it should be brief, not exceeding two or three Syl­lables; the Particles consisting but of one Syllable.

2. They should be plain and facil to be taught and learnt.

3. They should be sufficiently distinguishable from one another, to prevent mistake and equivocalness; and withal significant and copious, answerable to the conceipts of our mind.

4. They should be Euphonical, of a pleasant and graceful sound.

5. They should be Methodical ; those of an agreeable or opposite sense, having somewhat correspondent in the sounds of them. The order to be observed in the assigning of Letters and Sounds to these Characters, must be after the same manner with the Method before made use of, in treating concerning these Characters: Beginning first with Integrals, according to their several Varieties, and then proceeding to the Particles.

The Integrals may be considered, either as they are Radicals, placed in the Tables, either more direct, whether Genus, Difference, or Species ; or else Laterally, either by way of Affinity or Opposition.

And next to the Words or Sounds appointed for each of these Radi­cals, it is to be considered, by what kind of Changes or Varieties, the several Derivations and Inflections may be expressed.

The first thing to be stated in such an Institution, is to assign several Letters and sounds for the 40 Genus 's. It were not difficult to offer great variety of these; but to pitch upon that which upon all accounts would be the best, will require so much consideration, and practise, and so many Trials as I cannot pretend unto.

[Page 415] That which at present seems most convenient to me, is this;

• Rel. mixed Ba
• Rel. of Action Be
• Discourse Bi
• Seed-vessel Ge
• Exanguious Zα
• Peculiar Pα
• Magnitude Pe
• Power Nat. Tα
• Quality sensible Ti
• Spiritual Cα
• Corporeal Ca
• Operation Ci
• Judicial Se
• Military Si

The Differences under each of these Genus 's, may be expressed by these Consonants in this order;

• B, D, G, P, T, C, Z, S, N.
• 1 2 3 4 5 6 7.8 9.

The Species may be expressed by putting one of the seven Vowels after the Consonant, for the Difference; to which may be added (to make up the number) two of the Dipthongs, according to this order

• α, a, e, i, o, ȣ, ƴ, ƴi, ƴȣ.
• 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9.

For instance, If (De) signifie Element, then (Deb) must signifie the first difference; which (according to the Tables) is Fire : and (De­bα) will denote the first Species, which is Flame. (Det) will be the fifth difference under that Genus, which is, Appearing Meteor ; (Detα) the first Species, viz. Rainbow ; (Det [...] ) the second, viz. Halo.

Thus, if (Ti) signifie the Genus of Sensible Quality, then (Tid) must denote the second difference, which comprehends Colours; and (Tida) must signifie the second Species under that difference, viz. Redness : (Tide) the third Species, which is Greenness, &c.

Thus likewise, if (Be) be put for the Genus of Transcendental Relati­on of Action, then (Bec) must denote the sixth difference, which is Ition ; and (Becȣ) will signifie the sixth Species, which is Follow­ing.

As for those Species under Plants and Animals, which do exceed the number of Nine, they may be expressed by adding the Letters L, or R, after the first Consonant, to denote the second or third of such Combinations. Thus, if Gαde be Tulip, viz. the third Species in the first Nine, then Glαde must signifie Ramson, viz. the third in the second Nine, or the twelfth Species under that Difference. So if Zana be Salmon, viz. the second species in the first Nine, them Zlana must signifie Gudgeon, viz. the second in the second Nine; or the ele­venth Species under that Difference.

[Page 416] It must be granted, that there is one inconvenience in this Contri­vance for the supernumerary Species, namely, that according to this way of expressing them, they are scarce capable of the derivation of Adjective: But this is more tolerable, because in such matters, where this will happen, there is no necessary occasion for this deriva­tion.

Those Radicals which are joyned to others by way of Affinity, may be expressed; 1. In Monosyllables, by repeating the Radical Vowel before the Consonant. For example, if (De) signifies Element, then (Ede) must signifie that which is joyned to it by way of affinity, viz. Meteor. If (Di) be Stone, then (Idi) will signifie Concretions, &c. 2. In Dyssyllables, by repeating the second Radical Consonant after the last Vowel: Thus, if (Dade) be Planet, (Daded) will signifie Co­met. If (Dego) be Ice, (Degog) will signifie Snow, &c.

Those Radicals which are paired together upon the account of sin­gle Opposition, may be expressed,

1. In Monosyllables, by putting the opposite Vowel before the first Consonant, according to that order of Opposition before set down; namely, of

Thus, if (Dα) be put to signifie God, then (idα) must signifie that which is opposed, namely, Idol. If (Dab) be Spirit, (odab) will be Body. If (Dad) be Heaven, (odad) will signifie Hell.

2. In Dyssyllables, by adding the Letter (S) to the last Vowel: Thus if (Pida) be Presence, (Pidas) will be Absence. If (Tadȣ) be Power, then (Tadȣs) will be Impotence.

As for those double Opposites by way of Excess or Defect, which some­times occur, as they are to be represented in writing by the Transcen­dental Points of Excess or Defect, on the top of the Character, so are they to be expressed in speaking by those Syllables appointed to these Characters, which must be added to the termination of the word: Thus if (Teba) be Iustice, (Tebas) will signifie the Opposite Common ; namely, Injustice: And (Tebasla) the Opposite by way of Excess; namely, Rigor, and (Tebaslo) the Opposite by way of Defect, viz. Remission.

• Tepα Veracity.
• Tepαs Lying.
• Tepαsla Over-saying.
• Tepαslo Vnder-saying, Detracting.

Adjectives should be expressed by changing the first radical Conso­nant, according to this establishment;

• B, D, G, P, T, C; Z, S, N.
• V, Dȣ, Gȣ, F, Tȣ, Cȣ, Zh, Sh, Ng.

[Page 417] Thus, if,

do signifie

must si­gnifie

Adverbs may be expressed by turning the first Radical Vowel into a Dipthong. So Dαι is Divinely. (Sƴιb) is Religiously. (Sƴιgas) is Schismatically.

Abstracts may be expressed, 1. In Monosyllables of the Genus, by ad­ding the Letter (r) after the first Radical Vowel. So Dαr is Deity or Divinity.

In Monosyllables of the Difference, and Dissyllables of the Species, by changing the second Radical Character Consonant thus;

• V, Dh, Dzh, F, Th, Tsh, Zh, Sh, Ng.

The Letters Dzh, and Tsh, being the same power which we English­men give to the Letters G, and Ch, in the words Ginger, and Charity. Thus

• (Bαd) is Cause ; (Bαdh) is Causality.
• (Saba) is King, (Sava) is Regality or Majesty.

There are only two things noted in the Character belonging to the Inflection of words; namely,

1. The Active and Passive voice, to be expressed by the Letters L, and N, after the first Vowel: thus (Salba) is Regnation ; and (Samba) is [...] regnari.

2. The Plural Number in Substantives, which is sometimes likewise affixed to Adjectives, when they are used substantively, by reason of any transcendental Mark joyned to them. And this may be done by prolonging the first Vowel, which upon all other occasions, is to be pronounced as being short. But because it will be difficult to prolong this Vowel in Monosyllables of the Genus, when no Consonant doth follow; therefore in this case it may be proper to add the Vowel ȣ to the Radical Vowel. So if Dα be God, Dαȣ will be Gods.

According to this establishment, every Radical Genus Difference and Species, may be expressed by such words as are facil and pleasant. Those words that are most harsh and difficult, will happen amongst such of the Derivations as are seldom used; as in some of the Active or Passive Adverbs, and in some of the Abstracts.

By these Instances it will be easie to understand all the rest.

The Particles may be expressed either by simple Vowels or Dip­thongs, or by some of those Monosyllables, not used for any of the Genus's or Differences.

Amongst the Grammatical Particles, the more principal are, the Copula, Pronouns, Interjections, Prepositions, Adverbs, Conjuncti­ons.

[Page 418] 1. The Copula, or Verb Sum, according to its threefold place in the Character, may be expressed by these Dipthongs

2. The Pronouns, according to their several kinds, may be expres­sed by these Vowels and Dipthongs;

Possessive Pronouns by prefixing (H.) Reduplicative, by interposing (L.) So Hα is mine, Hαlα is my own.

3. The Interjections, being Natural sounds themselves, need not have any assigned to the Characters of them, than what are General. So

• Pish, Shu, Tush
• Ah, alack, alas.
• Ha, ha, he.
• Hoi, ah, oh.
• St, hush, mum, whist.

4. The Prepositions may be expressed by Monosyllables framed of L, and R; after this manner.

5. Adverbs may be expressed by Monosyllables, with the initial Let­ter M. after this manner;

6. Conjunctions may be expressed by Monosyllables, with the Initial Letter N, after this manner;

[Page 419] The more servile Particles are of three kinds; Articles, Modes, Tenses.

1. The Articles being but two, may be thus expressed,

2. The Imperative Mode, according to its threefold difference of Petition, Perswasion, Command, may be expressed by these Dipthongs, ιo, ιȣ, ιƴ.

The Secondary Modes, by Dipthongs or Tripthongs, according to their differences of Absolute or Conditional. So the Mode of

whether Absolute or Conditional, is to be expressed by

3. The Tenses, Past, Present, and Future, may be expressed by these Dipthongs, ȣι, ȣƴ, ȣƴι.

The Transcendental Particles, to be added by way of Composition in the termination of words, may be expressed by these Syllables,

• Mαl, Mal, Mel
• Mil, Mol, Mȣl
• Nαl, Nal, Nel
• Nil, Nol, Nȣl

In which Constitution, the Marks made use of before, either for Pre­positions, Adverbs, or Conjunctions, have the same Syllables assigned to them.

It is here to be noted, that as Numbers are provided for in writing, by distinct Characters from the rest, so should they likewise have some sutable provision in speaking. And because there are two waies before suggested for the expression of Numbers by writing, namely, either by words at length, or by Figures, there should therefore be some provi­sion answerable to each of these for speaking.

1. The Words at length for the nine Digits, are to be made off from the Tables after the same manner as all other Species are; and as for the other Numbers above this, viz. Ten, Hundred▪ Thousand, Milli­on, they may be expressed by adding the Letters L, R, M, N. after the last Vowel; according to these Examples:

2. The Figures of Numbers, may be most conveniently expressed in Speech, Arithmet. Pract. cap. 17. in that way suggested by Herrigon ; namely, by assigning one Vowel or Dipthong, and one Consonant to each of the Digits, sup­pose after this manner,

• 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0.
• α, a, e, ι, o, ȣ, ƴ, ιȣ, ƴι, ƴȣ.
• b, d, g, p, t, c, l, m, n, r.

According to which constitution, a word of so many Letters, may serve to express a number of so many places. Thus either of these words, αcȣc, αȣcȣ, bȣcȣ, will signifie 1666; which is as much a better and briefer way for the expressing of these numbers in speech, as that other is for writing, betwixt Figures and Words at l [...] ngth.

The Grammatical Variations belonging to Number, whether Deri­vations or Inflexions, may for the nine Digits be framed according to common Analogy. For greater Numbers, it may be convenient to prefix the Difference denoting number in general; namely, Pob be­fore the wo [...] d▪ for any Particular; as suppose αcȣc be the word for the number, let it be made

for the Cardinal Number

will be the Ordinal, or Adjective Neuter, denoting the

• 1667 th &c.

By what hath been said, it is easie to conceive, how this Character may be made effable as to all the Species of things, together with their Derivations and Inflexions. As for Individuals, I have shewed before, how the names of them are to be expressed by a Literal Cha­racter.

But these things will more distinctly appear by instance of something written in this Language: In Order to which, I shall offer an Exam­ple of it in the Lords Prayer and the Creed.

CHAP. IV. An Instance of the Philosophical Language, both in the Lords Prayer and the Creed. A Comparison of the Language here proposed, with fifty others, as to the Facility and Euphoni­calness of it.

AS I have before given Instances of the Real Character, so I shall here in the like method, set down the same Instances for the Phi­losophical Language. I shall be more brief in the particular explicati­on of each Word; because that was sufficiently done before, in treat­ing concerning the Character.

Hαι coba ȣ ȣ ιa ril dad, ha bαbι ιo sȣƴmtα, ha salba ιo velcα, ha tαlbι ιo vemgȣ, mȣ ril dady me [...] ιl dad ιo velpι rα [...] αi ril ι poto hαι sαba vatƴ, na ιo sȣeldƴȣ [...] lαl αι hαι bαlgas me αι ιa sȣeldƴȣs lαl eι ȣ ȣ ια vαlgas rȣ αι na mι ιo velco αι, rαl bedodlȣ nil ιo cȣalbo αι lal vαgasιe, nor αl salba, na αl tado, na αl tadalα ιa ha piȣbƴȣ [...] mȣ ιo.

Our 1. (Hαι) This Dipthong (αι) is assigned to signifie the first Person plural amongst the Pronouns, viz. We. The Letter h prefixed to it, doth denote that Pronoun to be used possessively, viz. Our.

Parent 2. (Coba) Co doth denote the Genus of Oeconomical Relation ; the Letter (b) signifying the first difference under that Genus, which is Relation of Consanguinity; the Vowel (a) the second Species, which is Direct ascending ; namely, Parent.

Who 3. (ȣ ȣ) This Dipthong is appointed to signifie the second of the compound Pronouns, Who, personal; or Which, Real.

Art 4. (ia) This dipthong is appointed to signifie the present tense of the Copula ( est ) and being spoken of the second person, is to be ren­dered Art.

In (ril) is a Preposition, the first Opposite of the fourth combination; and therefore must signifie ( in. )

Heaven 6. (dad) The Syllable (da) is appointed to signifie the Genus of World ; the addition of the Letter (d) doth denote the second diffe­rence under that Genus, which is Heaven.

Thy 7. (ha) The Vowel (a) is assigned to signifie a Pronoun of the sin­gular number, and second person. The Letter (h) before it, doth denote it to be understood possessively, and to signifie ( Thy ) or ( Thine. )

Name 8. (bαbi) The Syllable (bα) doth denote the Genus of Transcen­dental General. The Letter (b) doth denote the first difference, and the Vowel (ι) the fourth Species, which is Name.

9. (ιo) This Dipthong is appointed to signifie that kind of Impera­tive Mode (as it is commonly stiled) which is by way of Petition; May it be the sense of it being, I pray that it may be.

Hallowed 10. (Sȣƴmtα (Sƴ) is put for the Genus of Ecclesiastical Relation. The Consonant (t) for the fifth difference, and the Vowel (α) for the first species, which according to the tables, is, Consecration, or Hal­lowing. The Addition of the Vowel (ȣ) to (S) doth signifie the noti­on of Adjective ; and the addition of the Letter (m) at the end of the [Page 423] first Syllable, signifies the Passive voice, viz. Hallowed.

11. (ha.) as numb. 7. Thy

12. (Salba) (Sa) is Civil Relation ; (b) denotes the first difference, Kingdom or Regnation which is degrees of persons; and (a) is the second species, which, ac­cording to the tables, is King ; the addition of (l) to the first Syllable, doth denote a word of Action, viz. Regnation.

13. (ιo) as numb. 9. May it be

14. (Velcα) (Be) is the Genus of transcendental action ; Coming. (c) de­notes the sixth difference under that Genus, and (α) the first species, which signifies Coming : the turning of (b) into (v) denotes this word to be an Adjective, and the Letter (L) to be an Active.

15. (ha) as numb. 7. Thy

16. ( [...] αlbi) (tα) doth denote the Genus of Natural Power, Will or voli­tion (b) the first difference, and (ι) the fourth Species; namely, Will: the Letter (l) denoting a Noun of Action, viz. Volition.

17. (ιo) as numb. 10. May it be

18. (vemgȣ) (be) is the Genus of Transcendental Action ; Done or ac­complished (g) de­notes the third difference, and (ȣ) the sixth species; which is, Per­forming, or Accomplishing: the change of (b into v) denoting this word to be an Adjective, and (m) Passive, Performed.

19. (mȣ) This Monosyllable with (m) must denote an Adverb, So and the last opposite of the first Combination; which is, So.

20 (ril) as numb. 5. In

21. (dadƴ) (da) is the Genus of World, Earth (d) is the second diffe­rence, which is Heaven ; the Vowel ƴ signifying the seventh species under that difference, which is this Earth, or the Globe of Land and Sea, whereon we inhabit.

22. (me) Paired with numb. 19. and therefore must signifie, As As.

23. (ril) as numb. 5. In

24. (dad) as numb. 6. Heaven

25. (ιo) The same Particle as numb. 9. Maist thou be But being here joyned with a word active, and relating to the second person, it must be ren­dered, Maist thou be.

26. (velpi) (be) is Transcendental Action (p) the fourth diffe­rence, and (ι) the fourth species, which is Giving : Giving. b changed into v, denoting adjective, and (l) active.

[Page 424] To. 27. (lαl) A Preposition of the first Combination, signifying To.

Us 28. (αι) A Pronoun, first person, plural number; namely, We, or Vs.

In 29. (ril) as numb. 5.

This 30. (ι) The first of the relative Pronouns, signifying This.

Day 31. (poto) po is the Genus of Measure, (t) the fifth difference, and (o) the fifth species, which is Day.

Our 32. (hαι) as numb. 1.

Bread 33. (Sαba) Sα denotes the Genus of Oeconomical Provisions, (b) the first difference, and (a) the second species, which is Bread.

Expedient 34. (Vαtƴ) (bα) is the Genus of Transcendental General, (t) the fifth difference, ƴ the seventh species; the change of b into v, de­notes this Word to be an Adjective, and to signifie Expedient.

And 35. (Na) A Conjunction, the second of the first Combination, viz And.

Maist thou be 36. (ιo) as numb. 25.

Forgiving 37. (Sȣeldƴȣs) Se is the Genus of Judicial Relation d, the second difference, ƴȣ the ninth species, which is Forgiving : ȣ joyned to the first Consonant, signifying the notion of Adjective, and l, of Active, (s) the Opposite.

To 38. (lαl) as numb. 27.

Us 39. (αι) as numb. 28.

Our 40. (hαι) as numb. 1.

41. (bαlgas) (bα) the Genus of transcendental general, (g) the third difference, Trespasses or Male-actions (a) the second species, (s) at the end, denoting the word hereby signified, to be placed in the Tables as an Opposite, and the Letter (l) in the first syllable, signifying the Active voice, and the prolonging of the first Vowel, exprest by the Accent over it, deno­ting the Plural Number.

As 42. (Me) as numb. 22.

We 43. (αι) as numb. 28.

Are 44. (ιa) as numb. 4. But being here adjoyned to a word of the first Person Plural, it must be rendered, Are.

Forgiving 45. (sȣeldƴȣs) as numb. 37.

To 46. (lαl) as numb. 27.

Them 47. (eι) A Pronoun, third person, plural number, They, or Them.

[Page 425] 38. (ȣ ȣ) as numb. 3. Who

49. (ια) the preter tense of the Copula. Have been

50. (Vαlgas) as numb. 41. Only that was a substantive of Action, Transgressing and of the plural number, denoted by the length of the first Radical Vowel; whereas this is an Adjective, signified by (v.)

51. (ιȣ) A Preposition being the last Opposite of the second Combi­nation; and therefore must signifie, Against. Against

52. (αι) as numb. 28. Us.

53. (na) as numb. 35. And

54. (mi) An Adverb, the first Opposite of the first combination, Not signifying No, or Not.

55. (ιo) as numb. 25. Maist thou be

56. (Velco) (be) is the Genus of Transcendental Action. Leading (c) de­notes the sixth difference, and (o) the fifth species, which is Leading ; the Letters (v) and (l) signifying: Adjective Active.

57. (αι) as numb. 28. Us

58. (rαl) a Preposition, the first of the fourth Combination; and therefore must signifie, Into. Into

59. (bedodlȣ) (be) is transcendental action, Temptation (d) denotes the second difference, (o) the fifth species, which is Trying ; the second (d) doth denote this word to be joyned in the Tables as an affinis: the last syl­lable (lȣ) signifies the transcendental particle Corruptive, which in composition, must denote the worst sense of a word, and here it must signifie such temptation or trial sas ought not to be.

60. (ril) a Conjunction, But the first opposite of the second combinati­on, signifying, But.

61. (io) as numb. 25. Maist thou be

62. (cȣαlbo) (cα) is the Genus of Spiritual Action, Delivering (b) signifies the first difference, and (o) the fifth species, which is, Delivering ; the Letters ȣ and l signifying Adjective Active.

63. (αι) as numb. 28. Us

64. (lal) a Preposition, the second of the third combination; From and therefore must signifie, From.

65. (vαgasie) as numb. 41. Only the b is turned into v, Evil to denote Adjective, and the (l) is here left out, which signifies action, and the transcendental Particle (ie) is here added, to denote Evil thing.

66. (nor) a Conjunction, For the second Opposite in the third combi­nation, signifying, For.

[Page 426] The 67. (αl) The demonstrative Article, viz. The.

Kingdom 68. (Salba) as numb. 12.

And 69. (na) as numb. 35.

The 70. (αl) as numb. 68.

Power 71. (tado) (ta) is the Genus of Habit, (d) is the second difference, and (o) the fifth species, which is Power.

And 72. (na) as numb. 35.

The 73. (αl) as numb. 68.

Glory 74. (Tadalα) (tad) is the same Genus and Difference with numb. 72. the second (a) denoting the second species, which is Reputation or Fame; the last syllable (lα) being added to the termination, doth signifie the first of the seventh combination, amongst transcendental notions, viz. Augmentative, the highest kind or degree of Reputation, which is, Glory.

I [...] 75. (ιa) as numb. 4. But being here applied to the third person, and singular number, is to be rendered Is.

Thine 76. (ha) as numb. 11.

Everlastingly 77. (Pιȣbƴȣ (Pι) doth denote the Genus of Space, (b) the first difference, (ƴȣ) the ninth species, which is (Everness,) the adding of the Vowel (ȣ) to make a Dipthong with the first Vowel, signifies the word to be an Adverb, Everlastingly.

Amen 78. ( [...] ) the word Amen in the Literal Character.

So 79. (mȣ) as numb. 19.

May it be. 80. (ιo) as numb. 9.

α ιa tȣalti dαb eȣ-tȣα, αl ȣι cȣαlbαiȣ lα dad na lα dadƴ, na dαd he cobas cȣopas hαι saba, ȣ ȣ ια cȣambab la αl Dαg, cȣambe le αl codαd [...] , sȣemt [...] ir [...] , ια sȣemtƴȣ, cȣabƴs, na sȣƴmpƴȣ, e ια lir-velc rαl odad, e ια cȣalcα lal αl ȣι cȣabƴsιȣ, ril αl poto fobe, e ια lαr-velc ral dad, ril ȣ ȣ-ȣα e ιa cȣalco lil αl pigƴȣ lα dαb, lal ȣ ȣ-ȣα e ie velcα lo selbα αl cȣabƴiȣ na αl ȣι cȣαbƴsiȣ. α ιa tȣalti Dαg, αl sƴ-ȣe tȣata vages, αl sƴdzha lα sƴgo αl semdƴ lα bαlgas αl ȣƴι mȣs-calbƴ lα αl odab na αl ȣƴι cabƴ eȣ [...] ƴfƴt.

I 1. (α) a Pronoun of the first person, and singular number, I.

Am 2. (ιa.) The copula, est, in the present tense, which being used with the first person, doth signifie Am.

3. (tȣalti) (ta) denotes the Genus of Habit t the fifth difference, i, Believing the fourth species, which is Faith; the adding of ȣ to t, denotes the word to be an adjective, and the Letter l signifies the active voice, Believing.

4. (Dαb) The Monosyllable Dα is appointed to signifie God, or the divine nature; God the Fa­ther the addition of the Consonant b, will denote the first person in the Blessed Trinity.

5. (eȣ-tȣα) A Compound of a Particle, and an Integral, the Par­ticle being a dipthong, Almighty appointed to signifie All. The Syllable tα, denoting the Genus of Power ; the addition of ȣ, makes it to be an adjective, viz. potent, or powerful.

The 6. (αl) the demonstrative Article, The.

Having been (ȣι) the sign of the preter tense.

8. (cȣαlbαiȣ) (cα) is the Genus of spiritual action (b) denotes the first difference, Creating per­son and α the first species, which is Creation ; the ad­dition of ȣ to c, signifies adjective, and the Letter (l) active; the last dipthong (ιȣ) denotes the transcendental composition of Person. So that this word with the two preceding Particles, does import, the ha­ving Created Person.

[Page 429] 9. (lα) the first Preposition, signifying Of. Of

10. (dad) (da) the Genus of World, and (d) the second difference, Heaven. which is Heaven.

11. (na) the second Conjunction of the first Combination, And signify­ing And.

12. (lα) as numb. 9. Of

13. (dadƴ) The same Genus and difference, as numb. 10. The Vowel Ƴ signifying the seventh species, which is, This Earth. Earth

14. (na) as numb. 11. And

15. (dαd) the second person of the Blessed Trinity. Jesus Christ

16. (he) the Vowel e signifies a Pronoun of the third person, His and singular number, the Letter h prefixt, shews it to be used possessively, for His.

17. (cobas) the syllable (co) is assigned to the Genus of Oeconomi­cal Relation, the Letter (b) to the first difference, Son and the Vowel (a) for the second species, the Letter (s) denoting the word hereby signi­fied, to be an Opposite, viz. Son.

18. (cȣopas) the same Genus as the former (p) signifying the fourth difference, and (a) the second species, and the Letter (ȣ) an Opposite▪ Only viz. Alone, or Only.

19. (hαι) A Pronoun, first person possessive, plural number. Our

20. (Saba) (Sa) the Genus of Civil Relation, (b) the first diffe­rence, viz. Degrees of persons, (a) the second species, Soveraign which is Sove­reign, or Lord, to whom we owe Obedience, or subjection.

21. (ȣ ȣ) the second of the compound Pronouns, signifying Who, or Which. Who

22. (ια) The Copula Est, in the preter tense. Was

23. (cȣambab) (ca) is the Genus of corporeal action, Conceived (b) the first difference, and (a) the second species; the adding of the second Ra­dical Consonant (b,) denotes this word to be adjoyned in the tables, by way of affinity, and consequently to signifie Conception, (ȣ) signi­fying Adjective, and (m) Passive.

24. (la) the second Preposition in the first Combination, By (By)

25. (αl) as numb. 6. The

26. (Dαg) the third Person in the Blessed Trinity. Holy Ghost

27. (cȣambe) the same Genus and Difference with numb. 23. (e) signifying the third species, Borne which is Parturition (ȣ) denoting Adje­ctive, and (m) Passive.

[Page 430] Of 28. (le) the third Preposition in the first Combination, relating to the Material Cause, Of.

The 29. (αl) as numb. 6. The

Virgin 30, (codαd) the syllable (co) as was said before, is assigned to Oeconomical Relation, (d) is the second difference, and (α) is the first species; the repeating of the second Radical Consonant at the end, makes this word to denote something adjoyned by way of Affinity, viz. Virgin.

Mary 31. () the name Mari in the literal Character.

Capitally pu­nished 32. (sȣemt) the syllable (se) is for Judicial Relation, the Letter (t) is the fifth difference, viz. Capital punishment, (ȣ) is Adjective, and (m) Passive,

33. (rir) A Preposition, the first opposite of the sixth Combination, viz. Vnder. Un [...] er

Pontius Pilate 34. ( [...] ) the name Pontius Pilate, in the Literal Chara­cter.

Was 35. (ια) as numb. 22.

Crucified 36. (sȣemtƴȣ) the same Genus and Difference as numb. 32. the last Dipthong (ƴȣ) denoting the ninth difference, which is Crucifying, the first (ȣ) being the mark for Adjective, and the Letter (m) for Pas­sive.

37. (cȣabƴs) the same as to genus and difference, with numb. 23, & 27. the Vowel (ƴ) signifying the seventh species, Dead the Letter (s) an opposite, and the vowel (ȣ) adjective.

And 38. (Na) as numb. 11.

Buried 39. (sȣƴmpƴȣ) The syllable (sƴ) is Ecclesiastical Relation, (p) the fourth difference, and (ƴȣ) the ninth species, which is Burial ; the first (ȣ) being the sign of adjective, and (m) of passive.

He 40. (e) Pronoun of the third person, singular number, viz. He.

Was 41. (ια) as numb. 22.

42. (lir-velc) This word is a Compound, the first syllable (lir) is a Preposition, Descending the first opposite of the fifth Combination, signifying down­wards ; (be) is the Genus of transcendental action, the Letter (c) the sixth difference, which is Ition, (ȣ) the adjective, and (l) the active, Down-going, or Descending.

43. (rαl) a Preposition, the first of the fourth Combination, signi­fying Into. Into

[Page 413] 44. (odad) (da) is the Genus of World, Hell (d) is the second diffe­rence, which is Heaven, the vowel (o) which is opposite to (a) being prefixt, denotes this to be the word opposite to Heaven, viz. Hell.

45. (e) as numb. 40. He. He

46. (ια) as numb. 22. Hath been

47. (cȣalcα) (ca) is Corporeal Action, (c) is the sixth difference, Rising and (α) the first species, viz. Rise, (ȣ) the adjective, and (l) the active.

48. (lal) a Preposition, the second of the third Combination, From From.

49. (αl) as numb. 6. The. The

50. (ȣι) as numb. 7. Having been

51. (cȣabƴsιȣ) The same radical word with numb. 41. the Dip­thong (ιȣ) being a transcendental composition, denoting Person. Dying persons

52. (ril) a Preposition, On the first opposite of the fourth Combinati­on, signifying In.

53. (αl) as numb. 6. The

54. (Poto) the syllable (po) doth stand for the Genus of Measure, (t) the fifth Difference, and (o) the fifth Species, which is Day. Day

55. (fobe) The same Genus as the former, (b) the first Diffe­rence, relating to Number, (e) the third Species, the turning p into f, Third signifying adjective, viz. Third.

56. (e) as numb. 40. He

57. (ια) as numb. 22. Was

58. (lαr-velc) a Compound as numb. 42. Ascending Only the Prepositi­on here, being the first of the fifth Combination, must signifie Vpwards ; and the word Ascending.

59. (rαl) as numb. 43. Into

60. (dad) as numb. 10. Heaven

61. (ril) as numb. 52. In

62. (ȣ ȣ-ȣα) A Compound of the Pronoun Which, Which place and the transcen­dental Mark of Place.

63. (e) as numb 40. He

64. (ιa) as numb. 2. Is But being here spoken of a third Person in the singular number, must be rendered ( is. )

[Page 432] Sitting 65. (cȣalco) The same Genus and Difference as numb. 47. (o) being the fifth Difference, which is Sitting, (ȣ) adjective, and (l) active.

At 66. (lil) a Preposition, the first Opposite in the third combination, signifying At.

The 67. (αl) as numb. 6.

Right hand 68. (pigyȣ) (pi) is the Genus of Space, (g) the third Difference, and (ƴȣ) the ninth species, which is Right hand.

Of 69. (lα) as numb. 9.

God the Fa­ther 70. (Dαb) as numb. 4.

From 71. (lal) a Preposition, the second of the third Combination, signi­fying From,

Which place 72. (ȣ ȣ-ȣα) as numb. 70.

He 73. (e) as numb. 45.

Shall be 74. (ie) the Copula in the future tense, Shall be.

Coming 75. (velcα) be is the Genus of transcendental Action, c the sixth difference, and α the first species, which is Come, the turning of b in­to v, denoting adjective, and l Active.

76. (lo) a Preposition, the second opposite of the first Combination, viz. For. For

Judging 77. (Selbα) (Se) is Judicial relation b the first difference, and α the first species, which is Iudge ; the Letter l signifies a Noun of action, viz. Iudging, or Iudication.

The 78. (αl) as numb. 6.

Quick 79. (cȣabƴιȣ) ca is the Genus of corporeal action, b the first diffe­rence, and ƴ the seventh species, which is Life, the vowel ȣ signify­ing adjective, viz. Living, ιȣ being the transcendental composition for Person.

And 80. (na) as numb. 11.

The 81. (αl) as numb. 6.

Having 82. (ȣι) as numb. 7.

Died persons 83. (cȣabƴsiȣ) as numb. 51.

I 84. (α) as numb. 1.

Am 85. (ιa) as numb. 2.

Believing 86. (tȣalti) as numb. 3.

The Holy Ghost 87. (Dαg) as numb. 27.

88. (αl) as numb. 6.

The Church 89. (sƴ-ȣe) the syllable sƴ is put for the Genus of Ecclesiastical Relation, [Page 433] the Dipthong (ȣe) being the transcendental for Aggregate.

90. (tȣata) Ta is the Genus of Habit, t the fifth difference, Holy and a the second species, which is Holiness ; the addition of (ȣ) to the first Radical, doth signifie the word to be an adjective, viz. Holy.

91. (vages) (ba) is the Genus of Transcendental Relation mixed, g the third difference, and e the third species, Universal (s) the note of oppo­site, ȣ the sign of adjective, viz. Vniversal.

92. (αl) as numb. 6. The

93. (Sƴdzha) Sƴ the Genus of Ecclesiastical Relation, Communion g the third difference, a the second species, which is Communicant, or Catholic ; the turning of g into the same power that we give to J consonant, sig­nifies this word to be an Abstract, viz. Communion.

94. (lα) as numb. 9. Of

95. (Sƴgo) Sƴ is Ecclesiastical Relation, g the third difference, Saints o the fifth species, which is Saint, the prolonging of the first Vowel denotes the plural number.

96. (αl) as numb. 6. The

97. (semdƴ) Se is the Genus of Iudicial Relation, d the second dif­ference, and ƴ the seventh species, which is Remission, Being forgiven or Forgive­ness, m denotes the passive voice.

98. (lα) as numb. 9. Of

99. (bαlgas) bα is transcendental general, g the third difference, Sins a the second species, s denotes an opposite, l a Noun of action, and the prolonging of the first Radical Vowel, the plural number.

100. (αl) as numb. 6. The

101. (ȣƴι) the Future Tense. Future

102. (mȣs-calbƴ) a compound, the Particle mȣs signifying re, Relife, or li­ving again or again, (cabƴ) being before rendered Life, l denoting Active.

103. (lα) as numb. 9. Of

104. (αl) as numb. 6. The

105. (odab) Da is the World, dab is Spirit, to which is opposed Body, signified by prefixing the Vowel o, which is opposite to a. Body

106. ( [...] a) as numb. 11. And

107. (αl) as numb. 6. The

108. (ȣyι) as numb. 101. Future

109. (cabƴ) the same Radical as numb. 37, and 102. Life Only this is not an Opposite, nor an Adjective.

[Page 434] Everlasting 110. (eȣ-ƴfƴt) (eȣ) is all, as numb. 5. (pƴ) is the Genus of Measure, (t) the fifth difference, which is measure of time, the affinis to which, (here denoted, by preposing the Radical Vowel ƴ) is Duration, p being turned into f, signifies Adjective, i e. All-during, or Everlasting.

I am sensible that this Contrivance for the Language is not ordered (as to the facility and pleasantness of the sound) to so good an advan­tage as it might have been upon further consideration and practise: But as it is, I think it may (even in these respects) come into compa­rison with any of the Languages now known. For the better trial of which, I shall give several Instances of the Lords Prayer, as it is ren­dred in fifty several Languages, and written in our common Letter; most of which, I have taken out of Gesner, Mithridates, and Megise­rus his Specimen, as they have collected and lettered them to my hands. For the rest, I am beholding to other Books, and the assist­ance of some particular Friends.

[Page 440] It would be convenient, that every one of these Instances should be Philosophically Lettered, according to the true pronunciation used in each Language; but this being a thing of too great difficulty, I do not attempt it. 'Tis probable that the doing of this, would make most strange Languages seem more harsh and uncouth, than now they do; as appears by that Instance of the English, this way written, which I have subjoyned in the last place, for the more accurate com­paring it with the Philosophical Language.

In the comparing of these Languages, it may be granted that some few words of each Language may seem preferrible to others in this: But take it altogether, and in the whole, and it may at least stand in competition with the best of them, as to its facility and pleasantness. 'Tis most likely, that the generality of Readers will be apt in the com­paring of these Instances, to give the precedence to those Languages they are acquainted with. I should desire no more from them, but that they would be content to permit this new Language to come in the next place, which would be a sufficient testimony for it.

But then for the Philosophy of this Language, it hath many great ad­vantages above any other. Every Word being a description of the thing signified by it; Every Letter being significant, either as to the Nature of the Thing, or the Grammatical Variations of the Word, which cannot be said of any of the rest; besides the constant Analogy obser­ved in all kind of Derivations and Inflexions.

CHAP. V. Directions for the more easie Learning of this Character and Language, together with a brief Table containing the Ra­dicals, both Integrals and Particles; together with the Character and Language by which each of these is to be exprest.

IF any Man shall think it worth his time and pains to learn this Character; the most facil and natural order to be observed in this, will be, to begin with the 40 common Heads or Genus 's, which should be learnt out of that General Scheme, Part II. Chap. I. where there is expressed some reason of their order; the understand­ing of which will much facilitate the fixing of them in the me­mory.

Next to these, he may proceed to the Differences belonging to each Genus, which though they are in the Character expressed by that numerical institution of First, Second, and Third, &c. yet are they to be committed to memory from their real significations. So the First, Second, and Third differences under the Genus of Beast, are to be learned and remembred, not as First, Second, and Third, &c. but as Whole-footed, Cloven-footed, and Clawed, &c. (not Rapacious, Ra­pacious Dog-kind, Rapacious Cat-kind) and Oviparous. Thus when we see any of the differences belonging to Measure, we are not to name them by their numerical order of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, but by the things which they denote, as Measure of Multitude, Magnitude, Gra­vity, Valour, Duration, Age. And to this end all the differences are to be learned out of the larger Tables, where there is some reason to be seen for the order of most of them.

Next to these, the several Species are to be learned, belonging to each Difference, at least so many of them as are like most frequently to occur in discourse. As for the various kinds of Meteors, Stones, Herbs, Shrubs, Trees, Exanguious Animals, Fishes, Birds, Beasts, and the kinds of Diseases, though they are to be provided for in the Ta­bles, that they may be written when there shall be occasion for the mention of them; yet 'tis not ordinarily necessary to commit them all to memory, because those who are most expert in any Language, may not yet be able to remember all the names of such things. But as for such Species as are fit to be remembred, they are to be learned out of the first and larger Tables, where they are each of them de­scribed and determined, as to their primary significations, and some reason is attempted of their number and order, the understanding of which will make them more easily remembred.

After these the Particles are to be learned, which should be likewise out of the first Tables, where the meaning of them is described and determined.

But for the better helping of the memory in cases of doubt or [Page 442] forgetfulness, it may be proper to have recourse to the Synopsis here adjoined, by which it is easie at the first or second view to find out the true place of any Integral or Particle, together with the Derivati­ons and Inflexions belonging to the Radicals.

'Tis here to be noted concerning this briefer Scheme or Table, that in several of the Genus 's pertaining to Substance, there are only some few of the first Species or Pairs of them mentioned under each diffe­rence as instances; the rest being to be sought for in the larger Table. Those that are paired by way of opposition, are put in a di­stinct Character.

The first Part, and the former half of the second, do contain a Philosophical Dictionary for all Integral, Radical words: The re­maining Part doth contain all the Particles necessary to Speech, be­sides a Summary of the whole Grammar, with reference both to the Character and Language; which I conceive to be so plainly set down, as not to need any particular explication.

But now because there is no more general inclination amongst per­sons of all Ages and Qualities, then that of Gaming, which Men can continue at for a long time with much pleasure, and are least apt to be weary of: Therefore the reducing of the Learning of this Chara­cter to a Game, may be a special help and furtherance to it. In order to which it were not difficult to shew, how it might be brought into several Games, like to those either at Dice or Cards. Of the former of which I had once thought to have given an instance, with relation to the Particles, by which it would be easie to understand how the like might be done for all the rest: But upon second thoughts I do at present forbear it.

CHAP. VI. The Appendix, containing a comparison betwixt this Natural Philosophical Grammar, and that of other instituted Lan­guages, particularly the Latin, in respect of the multitude of unnecessary Rules, and of Anomalisms. Concerning the China Character. The several Attempts and Proposals made by others towards a new kind of Character, and Language. The advantage in respect of Facility, which this Philosophi­cal Language hath above the Latin.

HAving thus briefly laid the Foundations of a Philosophical Gram­mar ; I am in the next place to shew the many great advantages both for significancy, perspicuity, brevity, and consequently facility, which a Character or Language founded upon these Rules, must needs have above any other way of communication, now commonly known or used. And because the Latin doth in these parts of the world supply the place of a Common Tongue, therefore I shall chiefly in­sist upon the comparison with that.

1. As for the first part of Latin Grammar concerning Orthography, it will be needless here to speak any thing further to this, having be­fore mentioned the imperfections of that Alphabet; the redundancy of it in some respects, and the deficiency of it in others; the incongruity of giving several powers to the same Letters, &c. which particulars are further manifested by what hath been delivered concerning na­tural Orthography.

As to the other parts of the Latin Grammar

I shall en­deavour to prove that they do exceedingly abound with unnecessary Rules, besides a vast multitude of Anomalisms and exceptions, which must needs render it exceedingly perplexed and difficult to the Learner.

2. In the second part concerning Etymology. 1. There is a great imperfection as to the just number and true sense of Radical words.

1. In some respects too many, by reason of the Synonima's which do very much abound in it.

2. In other respects too few. There is a common word for the notion of Parent, abstracted from either Sex, Father or Mother. And so for Child, Liber. But none for the relation of Brother, Sister, Hus­band, and Wife, Vncle, Aunt, Nephew, Niece, &c. And so for the names of s [...] eral Plants, and Living Creatures of every kind, which no Dictionary doth sufficiently express. And though the Latin doth provide for some of those notions expressed by the Transcendental Particles, yet is not their number sufficient, there being several others (not provided for) which may as conveniently be in like manner exprest. And, which is another great incongruity, as to the indi­stinctness of those which are thus provided for; neither are all words [Page 444] of the like notion expressible by such terminations, nor doth the same termination always express the same notion.

3. The words of it are exceeding Aequivocal, scarce one amongst them which hath not divers significations, either absolutely, or in phrase, or both ways ; from which Homonimy, those Particles which occur most frequently in discourse are not free, ut, pro, &c.

2. There are many improper and preternatural Rules concerning Inflexion.

1. As to Noun Substantives, both in respect of

• Declensions.

1. In respect of Genders, which are needlesly multiplyed, there be­ing but two in nature; nothing properly having Gender but what hath Sex. That which is called the Neuter, doth by its very name signifie that it is no Gender ; and besides these Genders are irrationally applyed.

1. Things that have no Sex are expressed by words,

• Masculine, Gladius, Arcus,
• Foeminine. Vagina. Sagitta.

2. Things that have Sex are denoted, 1. Sometimes by words of the Neuter Gender, Scortum, Amasium, &c. 2. Those words whose significations are common to Male and Female, are sometimes ren­dred only in the Masculine Gender, as Fur, Latro, Homicida, &c. and sometimes only in the Foeminine, as Proles, Soboles, &c. and sometimes only in the Neuter, as Animal, Mancipium, &c. 3. Many words which signifie the same thing, and are Synonimous, are yet used in several Genders

• Desiderium.
• Domicilium.
• Caesaries, &c.

He that would see more of this kind, may consult Nonius Marcellus, de indiscretis generibus : Where he reckons up abundance of words, which according to Ancient Authors, were used both in the Masculine, Foeminine, and Neuter Gender.

2. In respect of Cases, which are not so conveniently exprest by varying Nouns with Terminations, which is the Latin way as by placing them in the natural order of Construction and Affixing Pre­positions to them (as was said before.)

3. In respect of Declensions, of which the Latin hath five, which add no small difficulty and trouble to the learning of that Language▪ Now if the expression of Cases by varying the Termination be unne­cessary and inconvenient, these are much more so; because they are but several ways of varying such Cases.

2. As to Noun Adjectives, neither Number, nor Gender, nor Case, nor Declension do naturally pertain to them; but th [...] y are suffi­ciently qualifyed in all those respects by the Substantives to which they belong: As for their inflexion by degrees of comparison, which is proper to them; 'tis not so natural that these should be expressed in the Terminations of the words, as by Auxiliary Particles. The Adverbs of more, and most, less, and least, being upon other accounts necessary, and sufficient to express this notion in Adjectives, therefore the other way must needs be superfluous. Which is likewise appli­cable [Page 445] unto the comparison of Participles, and derived Adverbs.

3. As to Verbs, there are very many unnecessary Rules concerning their

in respect of

• Conjugations,
• Persons and Tense in the Termination,

1. For their Kinds; 'tis not according to the Philosophy of speech to distinguish Verbs into Active, Passive, Neuter, Deponent, and Common, or into Personal, and Impersonal.

1. Those sorts of Verbs which they call Active, Passive, Neuter, and which are properly to be expressed by the Verb Sum, and the Ad­jective

are all the distinct kinds of Verbs.

2. As for those that are stiled Deponents and Common, they are acknowledged to be but irregularities and kinds of exceptions from the common rule of Verbs.

3. All Verbs are naturally capable of Persons, though in some Verbs the Latin doth not admit this, 'Tis proper to say, I ought, Scaliger de causis L. L. cap. 124. I am ashamed, &c. as well as Oportet, Pudet.

2. As to the inflexion of Verbs.

1. The several Conjugations, of which there are four in Latin, are such a preternatural incumbrance, as Declensions are in Nouns, being but several ways of varying those Terminations or Cases of the Verb, which in themselves are needless and troublesome.

2. Number doth not naturally belong to Verbs, but only quia Ver­bum à nomine dependet, as Scaliger speaks; Ibid. cap. 121. upon which account it might as well have Gender too, as it is in the Hebrew, Syriack, Chaldee, Arabick, Aethiopick, which yet we account very superfluous and improper.

3. The expression of the Persons and Tenses by the Terminations of the words, is both unnecessary and improper, because there is in other respects a necessity of using those Pronouns by which these Persons are expressed. And supposing that a man must therefore learn Ego, Tu, Ille, Nos, Vos, Illi. It would much facilitate and contract Grammatical Rules, if the Verbs themselves might remain invariable. The same may likewise be said of Tenses, which may properly be ex­pressed by auxiliary Particles.

3. For Modes, (to say nothing of the distribution of them, which is quite irrational) the expression of the Optative and Subjective is most naturally made out by Auxiliary Particles. That which is called the Infinitive Mode, should according to the true Analogy of that speech be stiled a Participle Substantive.

There hath been formerly much dispute amongst some Learned Men, whether the notion called the Infinitive Mode, ought to be re­duced according to the Philosophy of speech. Some would have it to be the prime and principal Verb, as signifying more directly the notion of Action ; and then the other varieties of the Verb, should be but the Inflexions of this. Others queston whether the Infinitive [Page 446] Mode be a Verb or no, because in the Greek it receives Articles as a Noun. De causis L. L. Cap. 117. Scaliger in the stating of this question, concludes it to be a a Verb ; because it signifies with Time, but will not allow it to be a Mode ; because it is without Person or Number. To which Vossius adds, that though it be not Modus actu, De Analogia lib. 3. cap. 8. yet it is Modus in potentia, because it is resolveable into other Modes. e. g. Laetor me venisse, (i.) quod vene­rim. And so are other Modes resolveable into this, Est miserorum ut malevolentes sint & invideant, Plaut. Capt. (i.) malè velle & invidere bonis.

All which difficulties will he most clearly stated by asserting it to be a Substantive Participle. For which this reason is to be given; be­cause it hath all the signs both of a Noun Substantive and a Verb.

The Properties or Criteria whereby a Substantive is to be known are these four;

1. That it is capable of the Articles A, or The, to be prefixed before it, which is ordinary in the Greek for the Infinitive Mode, and doth well enough agree to the natural notion of it in other Languages.

2. 'Tis capable of that kind of Obliquity by prefixing Prepositions, which is commonly stiled variation by Cases. The Gerunds in di, do, dum, being in the true notion of them, but the Cases of that which we call the Infinitive Mode.

3. It may be joined in construction with Adjectives or Pronouns Possessive.

4. 'Tis capable of Number in the natural notion of it, though it be not so used in Languages; the words Actiones and Lectiones, be­ing but the Plural number of Agere, Legere.

The signs or Properties whereby a Verb may be known, are these three;

1. In our English tongue the Particle ( To ) may be prefixed before it.

2. It signifies with time.

3. It hath two voices, Active and Passive.

And therefore being both a Substantive, and a Verb, it should ac­cording to the Theory of the Latin be stiled a Participle Substantive. To which may be added, that it is in the true notion of it, frequently resolveable into a Noun Substantive, as in these Instances. Virtus est vitium fugere, (i.) Fuga vitii est virtus. Magis paratus servire quam im­perare. (i.) servituti quam imperio. Dignus Amari. (i.) Amore.

As for the Imperative Mode, that is in this respect defective, because it makes no distinct Provision for those different notions to be ex­pressed by it, viz. Petition, Perswasion, Command.

Vossius de A­nalog. Lib. 3. cap. 9. and 11. 5. Gerunds and Supines are unnecessary inflexions of Verbs, the notion of them being expressible by the Infinitive Mode, whose Cases they are. Venio Spectatum (i.) Spectare. Turpe dictu (i.) dici. Caesar venit ad oppugnandum urbem (i.) oppugnare. And sometimes by a Noun that signifies Action. Defessus ambulando (i.) ambulatione.

De Lingua Latina, Lib. 5. I cannot here omit the mentioning of what Varro hath observed, that the inflexions of a Verb through its several voices of Active, Passive, together with Modes, Tenses, &c. amount to about five hun­dred several Cases of inflexion. Now there being four distinct ways of conjugating Verbs, these variations may upon that account be reckoned to be two thousand, the learning of which (though all [Page 447] Verbs were regular ) would be no small labour and difficulty. But then consider the vast multitude of Anomalisms and exceptions in the inflexions of Verbs, and that will more than double this difficulty and labour.

2. As to the derivation of Latin words; whereas the Radix should according to Philosophy be only a Noun Substantive, 'tis here sometimes a Verb, a Participle, an Adverb, a Preposition, which is unnatural and improper. And then besides, there is no certain Analogy amongst these; à Scribo, Scriptor ; but they do not say, à Bibo, Biptor, but Bibax, &c.

3. The Rules of Composition are not fixed to any certain Ana­logy. 'Tis Aenobarbus, not Aenibarbus, and yet they say, Magnilo­quus, not Magnoloquus. The same Prepositions, when in Composition, do sometimes encrease and augment the force of the word,

Again, the same Prepositions do sometimes in Composition import a denial or privation of the sense of the word.

So the Particle re doth in Composition sometimes signifie repetition, as retego ; and sometimes privation, as revelo, than which nothing can be more irrational and incongruous.

That is called figurative and irregular Syntax, which customary use, and not any natural p [...] opriety doth make significative; wherein there are some words a [...] way [...] either redundant, or deficient, or transpo­sed, or changed, from their proper notion. These Phraseologies are to be accounted an imperfection of Language, and one degree added to the curse of the confusion; because they do exceedingly encrease the difficulty of Learning Tongues, and do not adde to the brevity or perspicuity of expression, but rather cumber and darken it with am­biguities.

The regular Syntax of the Latin doth consist in

1. Concord is the agreement of several words in some accidents and circumstances; as betwixt, 1. Substantives and Adjectives. 2. Two Substantives. 3. Substantives and Verbs. 4. Antecedent and Relative. Concerning which there are so many difficult perplexed Rules, as are [Page 448] enough to tire out and discourage any young Learner, most of them being founded upon such principles as are not natural to the Philo­sophy of speech.

3. The Regimen of words doth concern their government of others in respect of

1. There are a great multitude of Rules that concern Substan­tives, Adjectives, Pronouns, in reference to their governing of the Genitive, Dative, Accusative, Ablative Case.

2. So for Verbs, that some of them must govern the Nominative, others the Genitive, others the Dative, others the Accusative, and others the Ablative Case; some promiscuously both

• Accusative,

Besides the several Rules concerning those divers Cases which may precede the Infinitive Mode ; some words requi [...] ing a Nominative ▪ others a Dative, others an Accusative. To which may be added those various Rules about Gerunds, Supines, Participles, in reference to the several Cases, Genitive, Accusative, Ab­lative, governed by them.

3. There are several Rules that concern the Regimen of Adverbs, both as to

• Cases, Nomin. Gen. Dat. Accus. Ablat.
• Modes, Indicat. Imperat. Optat. Subjunct.

4. Other Rules refer to the Regimen of Prepositions, some of which govern the Accusative, others the Ablative Case, and some both.

5. Other Rules refer to the Regimen of Conjunctions, both as to Cases and Modes.

6. Others to Interjections, divers of which are said to govern the Nominative, Dative, Accusative, Vocative Case.

Beside these for Syntax, there is a great multitude of Rules in the Latin Prosodia, about the Accenting and quantity of words: whereof some are General, referring to the nature of Letters and Syllables; others more particular, concerning the first or middle Syllables in any word, amongst which there is no certain and constant Analogy: They say, Hectōrem, & Praetōrem.

It cannot be denyed but that all these Rules are necessary to the Latin Tongue; but this argues the imperfection of that Language, that it should stand in need of such and so m [...] ny Rules as have no foun­dation in the Philosophy of speech. I am no [...] ig [...] orant that our Learned Verulam, De Augment. Scient. lib. 6. cap. 1. speaking concerning the inflexions used in the more Ancient Languages by Cases, Modes, Tenses, &c. in which the modern Lan­guages are very sparing, supplying them by auxiliary particles ; from thence infers, ingenia priorum seculorum nostris fuisse multo acutiora & subtiliora. But with reverence to the judgment of that incompara­ble Man, though it must be granted, that the Language being so, there was great wit in reducing the inflexions of words to such Rules of Art; yet if these Rules be not necessary to Language, and according to nature, but that words may signifie sufficiently and in some respects better without them, then there is greater judgment shewed in laying them aside, or framing a Language without them.

If all these Rules were general and constant, yet the multitude and [Page 449] variety of them would adde much difficulty to the Latin : But now the exceptions and Anomalisms to these Rules are so very numerous, that there is much more pains required for the remembring of them, than of the Rules themselves; insomuch that many eminent Gram­marians have written against Analogy, both in Greek and Latin.

I shall offer a very brief view of them.

As to the inflexions of Nouns in respect,

1. Of Number ; there are abundance of Substantives, whose sence and signification is naturally capable of both Numbers ; Vossius de A­nal. Lib. 1. Cap. 39. ad Cap. 44. some of which want a singular, others a plural number.

2. In respect of Gender ; the Rules to discover the Genders of words by their Terminations, are not without multitude of excepti­ons. There are divers words that are of one Gender in the singular, and another in the plural number. Tartarus, Tartara. Locus, Loci, & Loca. Carbasus, Carbasa. Supellex, Supellectilia. Coelum, Coeli. Epu­lum, Epulae, &c.

3. In respect of Cases ; some words abound in C [...] ses. Avaritia, Avarities. Araneus, Aranea. Antidotus, Antidotum, &c. Others have no Cases, and are stiled Aclita, or Aptota ; as Sinapi, Pondo, Ne­quam, Cornu, Quatuor, Quin (que) Sex, Septem, Octo, Novem, Decem, Vi­ginti, Triginta, &c. Centum, Mille, &c. Others called Monoptota, have [...] ut one oblique Case, which in some is the Genitive, as Hujusmodi, Ejusmodi ; in others an Accusative, as Inficias ; in others the Ablative, Vossius de Anal. Lib. 1. Cap. 47.48. Lib. 2. à 1 o ad vicessimum ca­put. Promptu, Iussu, Injussu, &c. Other Nouns have but two Cases, and are therefore stiled Diptota, as Necesse, Necessum; Suppetiae, & Suppetias. And there are divers others that are Triptota, Tetraptota, Pentaptota.

4. In respect of Declensions ; the Terminations of the Cases both in the singular and plural number in divers Declensions are not with­out many exceptions, as Musis, Filiabus, &c. Some words are of seve­ral Declensions, as Pascha, Paschae, Paschatis.

2. As to the inflexions of Adjectives by the degrees of comparison; there are many words which signifie quality, and are naturally capa­ble of increase, and decrease, and consequently of this inflexion, which are yet exempted from it: So Cicur, Opimus, Clandus, Egenus, Ibid. Lib. 2. Cap. 22. Al­mus, &c.

Some want only a Positive, as Prior Primus, Vlterior Vltimus : Others a Comparative, as Novus Novissimus, Falsus Falsissimus, Pius Piissimus. Others a Superlative, as Iuvenis Iunior, Senex, Senior, &c. Besides that those which are inflected through all degrees, have several irregularities in the manner of it; Similis Simillimus, not Similissimus. Bonus, Malus, Magnus, Parvus.

3. As to the inflexion of Verbs ; Ibid. Cap. 3.5. many Verbs of the Active voice are sometimes used in a Passive signification, and several others of the Passive voice used Actively. The exceptions about the Conjugations of Verbs, especially those referring to the praeter tense and supines, Ibid. à Cap. 19. ad Cap. 47. are so exceeding numerous, that it is not easie to recite them: Some are wholly without them, others have them without any Analogy; as Fleo Flevi, Sero Sevi, Fero Tuli. Vbi à Dissimilibus Similia, à Simi­libus Dissimilia.

[Page 450] Sometimes divers Verbs have the same Praeter tense, as

• Cresco, Crevi.
• Cerno, Crevi.
• Luceo, Luxi.
• Lugeo, Luxi.
• Fulgeo, Fulsi, &c.
• Fulceo, Fulsi, &c.

And so for Supines,

• Cresco, Cretum.
• Cerno, Cretum.
• Pando, Passum.
• Patior, Passum.
• Vinco, Victum, &c.
• Vivo, Victum, &c.

Some Verbs are of several conjugations, aggero

• Dicas, &c.
• Dicis, &c.

Some are of none of the four conjugations; as Sum, Volo, Fio, Eo, &c. Others are defective in respect of Modes and Tenses; as Aio, Ave, Dari, Fari, Forem, &c.

Those particular Terminations which signifie a Verb to be Incho­ative, Frequentative, Diminutive, are not without many exceptions.

As for the several Anomalisms in Syntax, referring either to Concord or Regimen ; they are so exceeding numerous, that it would be too tedious to recite them: And they may be seen in every Grammar.

Adde to these the several exceptions in the Rules of Prosodia, about the right accenting and quantity of words.

And from all these particulars put together, it is sufficiently evi­dent that there may be very many and great advantages in a Philoso­phical Language, above that of the Latin Tongue; especially in these two respects, that this hath

• no unnecessary Rules,
• no Exceptions.

As for the China Character and Language so much talked of in the world, if it be rightly represented by those that have lived in that Country, and pretend to understand the Language, there are many considerable faults in it, which make it come far short of the advan­tages which may be in such a Philosophical Language as is here designed.

1. The multitude of Characters and Words, of which there are about 80000. others say 120000. and of these a man must have in readiness about eight or ten thousand before he is to be counted one that can write the Character, Trigaltius Hist. Sinensis, Lib. 1. Cap. 5. Semedo Hist. of China, Part 1. Cap. 5. or judged fit to express his mind by it.

2. These Characters are strangely complicated and difficult as to the Figure of them, as may sufficiently appear by the following in­stance of the Lords Prayer in this Character: The Manuscript of which, together with a Catechism in the China Character and Lan­guage, was communicated to me by that Ingenious, and Inquisitive Person, Mr. Lodowick ; in which there was both the Creed and Ten Commandments, with several Questions and Answers about the Prin­ciples of Christian Religion: The Language being writ on one side of the Character in our common Letters; and a verbal Translation in Latin on the other side. I did purpose out of this to have inserted the Lords Prayer as it was in that Copy; in order to which I procured a Cut to be made of the Character: but this Manuscript being destroyed in the late Fire, and not knowing where to procure a supply of it, I am necessitated to offer the Characters without the Verbal Interpretati­ons of them. Their way of reading is known to be from the top on the right side downwards.

Besides the difficulty and perplexedness of these Characters, there doth not seem to be any kind of Analogy (so far as I am able to judge) betwixt the shape of the Characters, and the things represented by them, as to the Affinity or Opposition betwixt them, nor any tolerable provision for necessary derivations.

[Page 452] Theoph. Spi­zelius de Reliteraria Sinen­sium, lately Published 1661. Sect. 6. Histor. Chinae, Part 2. Cap. 2. 3. To this may be added the great Aequivocalness of the Language, every word having divers significations, some of them no less than twenty or thirty several sences; upon which account Alvarez Seme­do affirms it to be more difficult than any other Language in the World.

4. The difficulty of pronouncing it, every Syllable (as this of Ko ) hath no less than ten several ways of pronunciation, as saith one Author; and it hath more than thirty several significations in the Anamitish Language, as Alexander Rhodes observes in his Dictionary. Such various Accents they are necessitated to make use of, as other people cannot imitate. Lingua Ana­mitica, cap. 2. The Syllable Ba, according to its various Accents, hath six several sences, of no kind of affinity or nearness to one another. And the most expert Men among themselves are not able so exactly to distinguish in pronunciation, without using several attempts and repetitions to explain what they mean; or sometime by making the Figure of the Character they would express with their Fingers in the Air, or upon a Wall, or Table.

Hist. Part 1. Cap. 6. 5. Though in some particulars they seem to found their Character upon the Philosophy of things, yet 'tis not so in others. The Cha­racter put for a precious Stone (saith Semedo ) must be used with ad­ditions to it for several kinds of Gems, as Pearls, &c. So the Cha­racter for any kind of Tree, must have joined to it, the Character for Wood ; and the letter that signifies Metals, must be annexed to the Character of Iron, Copper, Steel, &c. The meeting with which pas­sage, was no small satisfaction to me, in reference to that way which I had before pitched upon for the most natural expression of things. But this (saith he) is no constant Rule amongst them. It should seem to be observed only in some few species of nature which are most obvious, there being reason to doubt whether they had any such general Theory of Philosophy, as might serve for all other things and notions.

Ibid. In this it is to be acknowledged that they have a great advantage above the Latin, because their words are not declined by Terminati­ons, but by Particles, which makes their Grammar much more easie than that of the Latin.

To this I might adde something concerning the advantage of this Philosophical way, above those attempts towards a Universal Cha­racter which have been made by others. That of Marks or Letters by Cicero ; that of numbers by an Ingenious Country-man of our own, Mr. Beck of Ipswich. followed since by Beckerus, and by Athanasius Kircher ; together with that other attempt towards an Universal Language, by Philip Labbé. All which are in this one respect defective, because they are not Philosophical; upon which account they are much more diffi­cult, and less distinct.

These things being premised concerning the many needless Rules, and great variety of exceptions in the Latin; it will not be very dif­ficult to make a comparison betwixt that, and the Character and Language here proposed.

For the right estimating of the difficulty which there is in the Learning of any Language, these two things are to be enquired into. [Page 453] 1. The multitude of words. And 2. The Grammatical Rules belong­ing to such a Language.

1. As to the first of these, De origine Scribendi, Cap 4. Bp Walton, Davies. Boxhornius. Hermannus Hugo asserts that no Language hath so few as 100000 words; and Varro is frequently quoted by di­vers Learned Men, as if he affirmed that there are in the Latin no less than five hundred thousand. But upon enquiry into the scope of that place they relate to, it will appear that he doth not there de­sign to give an account of the just number of words in the Latin, but only to shew the great variety which is made by the Inflexion and Composition of Verbs : To which purpose the first thing he lays down is, That there are about one thousand Radical Verbs in the Latin. And then Secondly, That every Verb in the Declensions of it, hath about five hundred several varieties or Cases of Inflexion, which make up the number of five hundred thousand. And then Thirdly, He supposeth each of these to be compounded with nine Prepositions, as for instance, the word Cessit, Recessit, Accessit, Abscessit, Incessit, Ex­cessit, Successit, Decessit, Concessit, Processit ; this will raise the whole number to five millions : in which account he reckons only the Cases and Compositions of Verbs, and takes no notice of the Particles of speech, nor such other words as are not radically Verbs, which are very numerous.

Of all other Languages, the Greek is looked upon to be one of the most copious; the Radixes of which are esteemed to be about 3244. But then it doth exceedingly abound in Composition, in which the Latin Tongue being more sparing, must therefore upon that account have more Radicals. What the particular number of these may be, is not easie to determine; because Learned Men do not agree about many of them, whether they are Radicals, or Deri­vatives. They may be by moderate computation estimated to be about ten thousand, most of which are either absolutely, or in phrase, or both ways equivocal. Notavi ex Varrone, Nounio & Festo, non ex­tare vocabulum apud Latinos quod plures significationes non habet, saith Campanella. Many of them have no less than twenty distinct signi­fications, and some more. Now for every several sense, Grammar. Philosoph. Lib. 1. Cap. 1. we may justly reckon so many several words, which will much augment the former number. But suppose them only to treble it, and then the Latin words are to be reckoned thirty thousand.

2. Now for the Latin Grammar, it doth in the common way of Teaching take up several of our first years, not without great toyl and vexation of the mind, under the hard tyranny of the School, before we arrive to a tolerable skill in it. And this is chiefly occasioned from that great multitude of such Rules as are not necessary to the Philosophy of speech, together with the Anoma­lisms and exceptions that belong to them; the difficulty of which may well be computed equal to the pains of Learning one third part of the words; according to which the labour required to the attain­ing of the Latin, may be estimated equal to the pains of Learning forty thousand words.

Now in the way here proposed, the words necessary for commu­nication are not three thousand, and those so ordered by the help of natural method, that they may be more easily learned and remem­bred [Page 454] than a thousand words otherwise disposed of; upon which ac­count they may be reckoned but as one thousand. And as for such Rules as are natural to Grammar, they were not charged in the former account, and therefore are not to be allowed for here.

So that by this it appears, that in point of easiness betwixt this and the Latin, there is the proportion of one to forty; that is, a man of an ordinary capacity may more easily learn to express himself this way in one Month, than he can by the Latin in forty Months.

This I take to be a kind of Demonstration à Priori ; and for an Argument à Posteriori, namely, from Experiment. Though I have not as yet had opportunity of making any tryals, yet I doubt not, but that one of a good Capacity and Memory, may in one Months space attain to a good readiness of expressing his mind this way, either in the Character or Language.

AN ALPHABETICAL DICTIONARY, Wherein all ENGLISH WORDS According to their VARIOUS SIGNIFICATIONS, Are either referred to their Places in the PHILOSOPHICAL TABLES, Or explained by such Words as are in those TABLES.

LONDON, Printed by I. M. for Samuel Gellibrand and Iohn Martin, 1668.

FOr the better understanding of the References in the following Dictionary, the Reader is desired to take notice, that the Ab­breviations therein used, are thus to be explained;

The Literal Figures, as I, II, V, &c. denote the order of the Dif­ferences under each Genus; and the other Figures, the order of the the Species under each Difference. So the word Sheep in the Dictio­nary is marked Be. II.2. The meaning of which is, That the th [...] ng signified by that word is described in the Philosophical Tables under the Genus of BEAST, the second difference, and the second Species. And Goat is Be. II.2. A. ( i. e. ) 'tis joyned as an Affinis to the same Species.

The Design of the Philosophical Tables is to enumerate and describe all kinds of Things and Notions : And the Design of this Dictionary, is to reckon up and explain all kinds of words, or names of things.

And that the Reader may the better understand the usefulness of having all words set down according to their different Acceptions, and by what kind of Analogy they come to be used in such various sences (which is one of the particular advantages of this Dictionary) I shall here select out of it one particular Instance, for each of these several kinds of words, viz. a Substantive, an Adjective, a Verb, a Par­ticle ; by which it will be easie to understand any of the rest.

So the word CORRVPTION, according to that Notion of it which is

• Admixtion with that which is bad, and then it is of the same importance with the word Defiling.
• Being, so corruption is destroying.
• Vsefulness, so corruption is spoiling.
• Natural, so Corruption will denote according to the Degree of it, either Infection, or Decay, or Putrefaction.
• General, so it denotes the Evilness of the mind or manners, Vnholiness, Viciousness.
• Special, so 'tis peculiarly applied to Vnchastity and Bribery.

[Page] So the word CLEAR, may signifie either

• Entire of it self ; so clearly is wholly.
• Not mingled with others ; so Clear is Simple. specially not with worse; so Clear is Pure.
• Mind, as a clear Wit, or Spirit.
• Body, so we say one is clear of sickness or pain, has a clear skin, &c.
• Habit, as a clear Reputation, that is a good R. sp. Sagacity and Sincerity are thus called Clear­ness.
• Manners, as Clear Dealing, that is Candor or Frank­ness.
• Visible, as clear weather, or sky or water, &c.
• Audible, as clear sound.
• Sickness, as clear of any disease (i. e.) not Infected, or not Diseased.
• Civil, as a Clear Estate.
• Iudicial, as Clear of any Crime.
• Military, as Clear Coast.
• Ecclesiastic, as Clear of any Censure.
• Being Done, so Clear is Easie, or not difficult; Being Known, so Clear is Plain or manifest; Being come to, or Passed through, so Clear is Accessible, or Passable, or Empty.

So the word DELIVER, according to its primary sence, is the mo­tion (Met.) or the passing of a thing, or of the Possession of it, or of the Power over it, from one to another. It is commonly used in rela­tion either to the

• Things ; so Deliver may signifie Depositing, Paying, Resigning.
• Fact, so Delivering is Narration
• Doctrine, so Delivering is Teaching
• Mouth, so to deliver, is to speak.
• Pen, so to deliver, is to write
• Mediately, so Delivering is Tradition
• Passively, so Delivering is Dereliction
• Involuntary, so Delivering is yielding
• Voluntary, so Delivering is Betraying
• Prevention, so Delivering is Preserving, or Causing to escape:
• Captivity, so to deliver, is to Vncaptivate.
• Bondage, so to deliver, is to Vnslave.
• Prison, so to deliver, is to Vnimprison.
• Danger of Child-birth, so to deliver, is the Active of Parturition.
• Eternal, so delivering is Redemption.

So the Particle BY, is sometimes used in the sence of an

• Integral, signifying the notion of Digression or Accessory, as on the by ; and is of the same importance with such kind of Ne­gatives, as not principal, not pertinent, not public, not ordi­nary ; as a By-way : And sometimes 'tis used to denote a common speech implying something of contempt, as a By word.
• Efficient, By such an Author.
• Instrumental, Slain by the sword.
• Final, or end, By reason of, &c.
• Before, as, By God, ( i. ) before God.
• At, as, Come by, ( i. ) obtain, or come at.
• In, as, by day, ( i. ) in the day time.
• Through, as, by such a street, ( i. ) through such a street.
• Besides, as, by the mark, ( i. ) besides.
• Local. So By, or hard by, is near such a Place.
• Temporal. So By and by, is nearness in Time, signifying future (dim.)

[Page] Besides those Phraseologies wherein the Particle is used to signifie the Manner of things, as, By the By, By the Great, By Retail, By it self, &c. Which Phrases are to be expressed by the Adverbs Neuter of Digression, Aggregate, Segregate, Solitary, &c. So those Forms of Speech, By course, By the day, or day by day, By degrees, By turns, House by House, Year by Year, &c. are to be expressed by the Adverbs of Course, Day, Degree, Turn, House, Year, with the Transcendental Note of Segregate.

• [a. Lowness,] T M. II. 4. O.
• [a. Meanness,] Ha. II. 5. O.
• [a. Humility,] Man. V. 2.
• [a. Little,] TM. I. 1. D.
• [a. Diminution,] TM. I. 7. D.
• [a. Remission,] TM. I. 8. D.
• [a. Subduction,] TM. VI. 7.
• [a. Epitome,] D. V. 6.
• [v. Accessary,] TM. IV. 4. O.
• [v. Incourage,] RO. VI. 2.
• [a. Help.] T. II. 5.
• [v. Hate, AS. V. 3. O. (augm.]
• [v. Aversation, AS. V. 5. O. (augm.]
• [continue.]
• [v. Duration,] Mea. V. A.
• [v. Permanent,] Sp. I. 6.
• [v. Constancy,] Ha. IV. 7.
• [v. stay] TA. VI. O.
• [dwell] Po. I. A.
• [v. Passion,] T. I. 7. O.
• [v. Patience,] Man. I. 8.
• [Mean,] Ha. II. 5. O. (augm.)
• [Contemptible,] AS. II. 8. O. (augm.)
• excess of modesty, Man. III. 9. E.
• [Potentialness] T. III. 5. O.
• [Nat. Power] NP. per tot.
• [Possessions] Po.
• [a. Nothing] T. I. 1. O.
• [Annihilate] AS. I. 1. O.
• — Law [v. Law (un.]
• — Act [v. Act (un.]
• [v. Hate] AS. V. 3. O. (aug.)
• [Aversation] AS. V. 5. O. (aug.)
• [adv. Upper] Sp. III. 5.
• [More then, &c.]
• [v. Redundance,] TM. I. 3. E.
• [more or less] Adv. V. 3.
• [concerning] Prep. I. 3. O.
• [without] Prep. IV. 2. O.
• [in public] adv. TM. V. 4.
• discontinued confused­ly.]
• [Acquitting,] RJ. II. 7.
• [un-excommunicate,] RE. V. 5.
• [perfect] T. III. 9.
• op. to dependent, TM. IV. 3. O.
• op. to relative, T. I. 8. O.
• [v. Abstinence] Man. II. 2.
• Man. II. 2.
• sp. from Wine.
• [a. purgation (dim.]
• [a. purity] TM. V. 6.
• vertue, Man. II. 2.
• [epitome] D. V. 7.
• [obscure] D. III. 9. O.
• [concealed] TA. I. 8. O.
• [foolish] HA. VI. 2. D.
• [nor congruous] T. V. 5.
• [speak Injuriously] RJ. IV. 1.
• [proneness to abuse.]
• [scurrility] Man. IV. 9. E.
• [a. Swift] NP. V. 9.
• [a. Soon] Sp. I. 4.
• [delighting] AS. IV. 7.
• [meaning] D. II. A.
• [v. Come] TA. VI. 1.
• [power of a p to come.]
• [leave of a p to come.]
• [opportunity of a p to come.]
• op. to Subst. T. I. 5. O.
• [adj. Contingent] T. V. 8. O. (thing.)
• [adj. Fortune] AS. I. 2. D. (thing)
• sp. Event. TA. V.
• through Joy]
• [a. Congruous, T. V. 6. (make]
• [a. Means] T. II. 6. O.
• [a. Provision] Pr.
• [v. Companion] RO. IV. 2.
• [v. Being, T. I. 1. with or together]
• [v. Going, TA. VI. with or together]
• [a. Perfect] T. III. 9. (make)
• [Perform] TA. III. 6.
• [Finish] TA. III. 7.
• [a. Assent] AS. II. 3.
• [a. Congruous] T. V. 5.
• [with simultaneous Spontane­ity]
• Of ones own —
• [adv. Spontaneous,] AS. IV. 9
• [adv. Congruous,] T. V. 5.
• — as. Adv. I. 3.
• — to. Prep. II. 1.
• [a. Near] Sp. II. 3.
• [Address] AC. V. 2.
• [Salute] AC. V. 3.
• [Reckoning] TA. IV. 6.
• [Esteeming] AS. II. 8.
• [Clothed] Pr. IV.
• [Armamented] Pr. IV. A.
• [p. Effect] T. II. O.
• [v. Event] TA. V.
• [as Informer] RJ. I. 3.
• [as Plaintiff] RJ. I. 4.
• — falsly. a. Calumny. RJ. IV. 7.
• — to doe, &c. a. do, &c. (frequent)
• [One,] Mea. II. 1.
• [Point] Mag. I. 1.
• [a. Perfect] T. III. 9.
• [a. Action] T. 1. 7.
• [Assent] AS. II. 3.
• [Concession] D. VI. 3. A.
• [Confess] D. VI. 9.
• Winter. HS. I. 3.
• [v. Rest.] Mo. O.
• [v. Content] Ha. I. 3.
• [Obtain] TA. V. 1.
• [Gain] TA. V. 2.
• — of debt. TA. IV. 9.
• — of guilt. RJ. II. 7.
• [Action] T. I. 7.
• [Law] RC. IV. 3.
• [Edict] RC. IV. 3. A.
• to — a. Action.
• —in a Play. RC. III. 9.
• — of God. AS. I.
• — of the Speculative Vnder­derstanding. AS. II.
• — of the Practical Vnder­standing. AS. III.
• — of the Will. AS. IV.
• Corporeal — AC.
• — of Vegetative. AC. I.
• — of Sensitive. AC. II.
• [Gesture] AC. VI. A.
• Iudicial. — RJ. II.
• [Suit] RJ. II. A.
• [adj. Action (apt.]
• [adj. Business, (apt.]
• [adj. Nimbleness] N P. V. 8.
• Sharp. [adj. cut. (apt]
• — angle. Mag. III. 3. O.
• [Intense] TM. I. 8. E.
• [Sprightly] NP. IV. 2.
• — Sound. Q. III. 1. E.
• [Sagacious] Ha. III. 1.
• [a. Proportion (perf.]
• [a. Congruous.]
• [together—pur.]
• [adj. Sum (make]
• [adj. Aggregate, (make]
• — s B [...] lt. Ex. IV. 7.
• — s Tongue. HL. I. 9. A.
• Hammer— of Barrel mech.]
• Instrument of Barrel mech.]
• habitually]
• [Accessary] TM. IV. 4. O.
• [Margining] Sp. III. 4. A.
• [Near] Sp. II. 3.
• [Join] TA. II. 1.
• [Margin] Sp. III. 4. A.
• [discontinue till a set day]
• [a. Late. Sp. I. 4. O.] by dis­continuing. TM. III.
• [a. Swear] RC. VI. 4. (make)
• [a. Equal] TM. I. 5. (make)
• [a. Congruous] T. V. 5. (make)
• [Balance] TA. IV. 6. A.
• [Yield] TA. IV. 1.
• [Give] TA. IV. 4.
• Male — Man. VI. 5.
• [Permit] sp. to enter.]
• [go forward] RM. II. 2. E.
• [a. Direct. Mag. II. 8. E. (make]
• [a. Upper] Sp. III. 5.
• [a. Superiority
• TM. I. 5. E.
• Prefer. [a. Dignity.] H. II. 5.
• [Superiority] TM. I. 5. E.
• [Occasion] T. II. 4. A.
• Intention Sp. Ca­sual.]
• Expecta­tion. Sp. Ca­sual.]
• [Accessory] TM. IV. 4. O.
• [Contingency] T. V. 7. O.
• [Fortune] AS. I. 2. D.
• [Essay] TA. III. 4. A.
• [Danger] T. V. 3. O.
• [Out-sent, adj. Commerce thing]
• At - [without fear of the event.]
• Derived. D. II. 4.
• Vnderived. D. II. 9.
• [Opposite] T. VI. 8. O.
• [Contrary] T. V. 5. O.
• [Enemy] RO. IV. 1. O.
• [Adversity] Ha. I. 2. O.
• [Know, AS. II. 5. (make]
• [Warn] RO. V. 4. A.
• Giving — [a. Advice.] RO. V. 4.
• Taking — [p. Advice.] RO. V. 4.
• [adj. Considerate] Ha. IV. 1.
• [adj. Heedful] Ha. IV. 2.
• [Pleader] RJ. I. 7.
• [Mediator] RJ. I. 2. A.
• [adj. Man. VI. 3.]
• [Page] [adj. Courtesie] Man. IV. 7.
• [adj. p. fur. Do (thing)
• [Business] TA. III.
• [Thing] T. I. 2.
• [v. Affectation.]
• [v. Affection.]
• [Delight] AS. IV. 7.
• — of Empire [Ambition.] MA. III. 9. D.
• Passion, AS. V. & AS. VI.
• [Desire] AS. V. 4.
• [Love] AS. V. 2.
• [ [...] etrothing] RO. II. 3.
• [Confidence] AS. V. 6.
• [Grant] D. VI. 3. A.
• [Sell] RC. V. 3.
• New. Sp. I. 3.
• Repeated. TA. II. 6.
• [again] Adv. IV. 2.
• [behind] Prep. V. 3. O.
• [adv. Posterior]
• [adv. Follow]
• As by patern. Prep. II. 1.
• [adv. Congruous to]
• — Birth, [secundine.] PP. VI. 7. A.
• — Noon, [after—adj. noon. (time.]
• — Time, [adj. Future.] Sp. I. 1. D. (Time.]
• [adv. p repeating.] TA. II. 6.
• Over — Prep. VI. 3. O.
• [Life-time] Mea. VI.
• of what — [adj. preter. Age, how many years?]
• under — [of Pupillar age.]
• of full — [Un-pupilled by Age]
• [adj. pret. Adolescence.]
• middle — [Manhood.] Me. VI. 3.
• Declining — Mea. VI. 3. A
• Old — Mea. VI. 4.
• Decrepit — Mea. VI. 4. A.
• [Generation] Mea. VI. A.
• [adj. a. Action. (person]
• [pro—adj. Business, TA. III.
• [a. Great] TM. I. 1. E.
• [a. Intension] TM. I. 8. E.
• Nimble, NP. V. 8.
• [Swift] NP. V. 9.
• [Move] Mo. (freq.)
• [Drive] TA. VI. 5. O.
• [a. vice-business. TA. III.
• [Grief (Impetus.]
• [Anger (Impetus.]
• [v. Congruous] T. V. 5.
• [a. Contract] RC. V.
• [Consent] AS. II. 3.
• [Grant] D. VI. 3. O.
• — together. V. Man. IV. 3.
• [Congruous] T. V. 5.
• [Expedient,] T. V. 6.
• Dutch — HF. III. 8.
• contiguous to the earth.]
• Insinuation.
• [v. Passion] T. I. 7. O.
• [v. Impot.] NP. V. O.
• [v. Want] TA. I. 5. O.
• [Object] T. VI. 2.
• [End] T. II. 6.
• — Ethereal, El. II. 1.
• — of face, [Figure, (modus]
• Wood, [Maple tuberous (augm.)
• to—abroad, [put in the Air.]
• [adj. Air.]
• [Wanton] NP. IV. 3. O.
• — of Hawks, [Younglings (aggreg.) of Hawks.]
• [Arming (sign]
• [Assaulting (sign]
• Berry bearing, —Sh. II. 7.
• [un- a. Propriety from him­self.]
• [a. Stranger] R [...] . IV. 4. O.
• Down-go] TA. VI.
• [adv. Like.] TM. V. 1.
• [adv. Equal] TM. I. 5.
• — Cole, [n. adj. Fire cole.]
• at — [adv. Any.]
• — be it Conj. II. 2.
• — though Conj. II. 2.
• — one, [Equal.] TM. I. 5.
• — ready, vid. Already.
• [adv. Total] TM. VI.
• [adv. Aggregate] TM. III. 6. O.
• [adv. Perfect] TM. III. 9.
• in all (times)
• adv. all (times)
• Sp. in all times when it ought to be.]
• [a. Remiss] TM. I. 8. D.
• [a. Little] TM. I. 1. D.
• [v. more-remiss, &c.]
• [a. Argumentation.]
• [a. Quotation.]
• [Loyalty] Man. V. 6.
• [Duty of Subjection.]
• Hercules — HF. IV. 10.
• [League] RC. III. 8.
• [Affinity] RO. II.
• Stiffen by mixture]
• un-price by mixture]
• Proportion]
• [Appoint sp. Measure]
• [Permit sp. Proportion]
• [Stipendiate] RO. VI. 4. A.
• [Approve] AS. III. 3.
• [appointed Measure]
• [Permitted Proportion]
• [Stipend] RO. VI. 4. A.
• [Maintenance] RO. VI. 4.
• the Virtue, Man. III. 5.
• the Act, [a. Almsgiving.] Man. III. 5.
• Tree, Tr. IV. 1. A.
• Fruit, Tr. IV. 1. A. (Fruit)
• [Glandule] PG. II. 7.
• Place of them, PG. III. 9. A.
• Herb, HL. VIII. 1. A.
• Tree, Tr. VIII. 1.
• [Solitary] RO. IV. 2. O.
• [Only] Adv. IV. 1. O.
• [on this side] Prep. VI. 2.
• [beside] Prep. IV. 3. O.
• [adv. p. continue.]
• all — [adv. Lying] AC. VI. 7. A.
• Series of Let­ters.]
• Catalogue of Let­ters.]
• [having been before]
• [adv. preter. Past.] Sp. I. 1. E.
• [which is now]
• [before this time]
• [v. Being] T. I. 1.
• [a. Extasie] AS. VI. 8. A.
• [a. Stupor] NP. II. 1. O.
• with admiration, AS. V. 1.
• [Political RC. Sending] TA. VI. 4.
• — gris. St. V. 9.
• [about the outside] Sp. III. 6. O.
• [adj. Periphery]
• [adj. Equivocation.]
• [using equally all his hands.]
• [seeming of all parties.]
• make—s [v. compens.] TA. II. 7. A.
• Evil.] T. III. 2 O.
• Err.] TA. III. 8.
• Transc. (corruptiue]
• Wide, Sp. II. 5.
• [Great] TM. I. 1. E.
• [Broad] TM. II. 2.
• with—adj. p. carry (abstr.)
• adj. hang at neck, &c.]
• Cutting up, [Segregation by cutting.]
• Body cut up, [Body segrega­ted by cutting.]
• [adj. Old] Sp. I. 3. O.
• [adj. Old-age.] Mea. VI. 4.
• [Ensign] RM. III. 2.
• — of [...] hip. RN. III. 7. A.
• Repeat. TA. II. 6.
• [Spirit.] W. I. 1.
• Good — W. I. 2.
• Bad — W. I. 2. O.
• In money, Mea. IV. 4.
• Fish. [Scate] Fi. II. 5.
• vi [...] ious — Man. I. 9. D.
• right — Mag. III. 3.
• obtuse — Mag. III. 3. E.
• acute — Mag. III. 3. D.
• to — [Hunt Fish with Wand and Line.]
• [Anxiety.] Ha. I. 3. O.
• [Pain] NP. V. 3. O. (augm.)
• [Page] [Grief] AS. V. 4. O. (augm.)
• [Trouble] TA. V. 9. O. (aug.)
• the particular, Pron. II. 3. O.
• the Indefinite, Pron. III. 1.
• — whither, [to any (place]
• — where, [in any (place.]
• to — [Encourage] RO. VI. 2.
• old anger.]
• perverse anger.]
• sp. Solemnity.]
• [a. Hurt] T. IV. 1. O.
• [a. Trouble] TA. V. 9. O.
• [not- (adj. p.) Rule] D. IV. 5.
• [exorbitant]
• [adj. Congruity] T. V. 5.
• [adj. Fur. Reckoning] TA. IV. 6.
• — bear, Be. V. 5.
• — Circle. W. VI. 5. O.
• — Pole. [adj. South pole.]
• [Prevent] TA. III. 9.
• [v. Soon] Sp. I. 4. E.
• [Oldness] Sp. I. 3. O.
• [Old-age] Me. VI. 4.
• [adv. Segregate] TM. III. 6.
• Transc. (Segreg.)
• [brief Rule] D. IV. 5.
• [Authentic sentence] D. III. 1. A.
• [Fictitious example]
• [Instructive Fiction]
• a. Pale. AC. IV. 9. O.]
• a. Fear. AS. V. 6. O.]
• [seeming] TA. I. 9. A.
• — at Law. RJ. II. 2. A.
• [ ens apparens ] T. I. 2. O.
• [adj. Seeming] TA. I. 9. A.
• [adj. Manifest.] TA. I. 9.
• [v. as Thing] T. I. 2. O.
• [v. Manifest] TA. I. 9.
• [v. Seeming] TA. I. 9. O.
• [— Iudicially ] RJ. II. 2. A.
• Commend. RO. V. 7. (sign.]
• Praise. RO. V. 8. (augm.]
• Tree, Tr. I. 1.
• Fruit, PP. III. 1.
• — of Love. HS. IX. 2.
• Adams, — Tr. I. 7. A.
• — of the Eye [Black (part) of the Eye.]
• [Together-joyn] TA. I. 1.
• [Intend] AS. IV. 3.
• [Design] TA. HI. 1.
• [a. Command] RO. V. 1.
• [Congruous. T. V. 5.
• [Pertinent. TM. IV. 5.
• [understand] NP. I. 1.
• [a. common Sense] NP. II. 1.
• [a. Opinion] AS. II. 6. O.
• [arrest] R J. II. 1. A.
• (Merchant.]
• (Mechanic.]
• [a. Proper, T M. IV. 6. (make]
• [Pertinent] TM. IV. 5.
• Transc. (abstr.)
• [adj. Congruous] T. V. 5.
• [adj p. Disposition] HA. O.
• [Congruity] T. III. 5.
• [Sagacity] Ha. III. [...] .
• [Disciple (abstr.]
• [Page] [Cloath] Pr. IV.
• [Order] TM. V.. 2.
• an Arch, Po. III. 6. A.
• — of Circle, [part of adj. Cir­cle-line.]
• dead Nettle, HF. VIII. 10.
• — Circle, W. VI. 5.
• — Pole, [adj. North pole.]
• [adj. Fire] El. I.
• [adj. Heat, Q. V. 1. E. (aug.]
• [adj. Zeal] AS. VI. 1.
• [Matter] T. II. 7.
• [adj. a. Argumentation, D. IV. 6. (thing.]
• Transc. (Perf.)
• [adv. Good] T. III. 2.
• as Sun [above- adj. Horizon (incept.]
• as Hill [upward- Oblique.] Mag. II. 8.
• — of Man. PG. V. 1.
• — of the Sea. [Bay.]
• — of a Tree, [Branch.] PP. I. 3.
• to — [Arms.]
• offensive [Weapons] RM. V. I.
• man at — [armed (pft) Horse-man.]
• as in a Scutcheon [adj. De­gree RC. I. (sign) picture.]
• [Pride] Man. V. 2. O.
• [Magisterialness] Man. IV. 8. D.
• [Supercisiousness] Man. VI. 3. O.
• — head. HS. VI. 1. A.
• codded — HS. VIII. 9.
• rough — [Wind-pipe.] PG. VI. 1. A.
• [Section] D. III. 2. A.
• [Pact] RC. VI. A.
• [adj. Accusation, RJ. I. 3. (thing]
• as, A. The D. II. 8. A.
• [adj. Art] Ha. VI. 3.
• [Factitious] T. III. 7. O.
• opp. to So, Adv. I. 3.
• far how far
• long how long
• much how much
• — for, [concerning] Prep. I. 3. O.
• — for example, [ex. gr.] Con. IV. 3. O.
• — if Adv. III. 2. O.
• — it were Adv. III. 2. O.
• — though Adv. III. 2. O.
• where — Conj. IV. 1.
• for—much Conj. IV. 1.
• [whilst] adv. III. 1.
• [a. Predicate] D. II. 8. O.
• [Claim] TA. I. 3.
• — colour, [adj. ashes. El. IV. 3. (colour.]
• Separation] TA. II. 1. O
• Rejection] AS. IV. 5. O.
• Desist] AS. IV. 6. O.
• (Enquire [a. Question.] D. VI. 1
• Entreat] RO. V. 3.
• Beg. [a. Begger.] RC. I. 8. A.
• as price, RC. VI. 2. O.
• as due, TA. IV 2. A,
• [Command] RO. V. 1.
• Serpent, [Viper] Be. VI. 7. A.
• Tree, [White poplar] Tr. VI. 7. A.
• [roughness] Q. VI. 2. D.
• [austereness] Man. VI. 8. O.
• [Endeavour] TA. III. 4.
• [a. Tax] RC. V. 9. O.
• [Impose, adv. Proportion.]
• — in Iudgment, RJ. I. 1. A.
• — of Taxes, [v. Assess (Officer]
• Transfer right. RC. V. 1.
• [Design] TA. III. 1.
• [v Adjuvant] T. II. 5.
• [v. Assessor] RJ. I. 1. A.
• to—take] TA. I. 4.
• together-take] TA. I. 4.
• [v. Certain] AS. II. 6.
• [v. Assurance] AS. III. 6.
• [a. Wonder, (augm.) AS. V. 1. (make]
• [a. Extasie. AS. VI. 8. A. (make]
• Err] TA. III. 8.
• Wander] TA. VI. 3. A.
• — in Virtue, [Binding.] Mo. IV. O.
• in Tast, [Austere] Q. IV. 3.
• [adv. Separate] TA. II. 1. O.
• [N [...] ar, augm.] Prep. III. 1. O.
• [In] Prep. IV. 1. O.
• — last Adv. III. 3. O.
• — length Adv. III. 3. O.
• — last adv. last.
• — least adv. least.
• — most adv. most.
• in one (time]
• with one blow, &c.
• [a. Action] T. I. 7.
• [a. Perfect. T. III. 9. (make]
• [Sphere of Vapors.]
• [un—Enemy RO. IV. 1. O. (make]
• [a. Friend, RO. IV. 1. (make]
• [Besiege] RM. I. 4.
• [Assault] RM. I. 3. A.
• [a. Accuser] RJ. I. 3.
• [un-a. Noble, RC. I. 3. (make]
• [Continue expecting]
• [Wait] AC. V. 1. A.
• Hearken [Hear (endeavor]
• — unto, [a. Observe.] AS. III. 1. A.
• Heedfulness▪] Ha. IV. 2.
• Diligence] Ha. IV. 5.
• [a. witness] RJ. I. 7. A.
• [a. Protestation]
• [Rubbing] O. V. 8.
• upon a body, O. IV. 2.
• between bodies, O. VI. 1.
• [Decay, NP. V. 4. O. by use.]
• [a. Adjuvant] T. II. 5.
• [a. Profit] T. IV. 1.
• — Quality. Q. III.
• [Convention for Hearing.]
• [Hearers (Aggreg.]
• to — [a. reckon.] TA. IV. 2.
• Hearer [hearing (person]
• Accountant [reckoning. TA. IV. 6. (Officer]
• Great (make]
• Intense (make]
• more Great (make]
• more Intense (make]
• [a. Aversation] AS. V. 5. O.
• Tast. Q. IV. 3.
• Vice, Man. VI. 8. O.
• [Efficient] T. II. 1.
• [adj. a. preter. Invention.] AS. III. 2. O.
• [Right] RC. IV. 6.
• [Testimony] sp. Credible.]
• [Fear] AS. V. 6. O.
• [Reverence] Man. V. 3.
• — full, [adj. Fearing (apt.]
• [From] Prep. III. 2.
• [Off] Prep. III. 2. A.
• [Absent] Sp. II. 1. O.
• [From—Imper. Go.] TA. VI. 1. O.
• — with, [Off] Prep. III. 2. O. sp. with an Imperative.]
• Stand — [Be more distant.]
• to — [un-sleep.]
• sp. of Arbitrators.]
• [Before-knowing]
• [adj. Heedfulness] Ha. IV. 2.
• [Perverse] NP. IV. 1. O.
• [Oblique] Mag. II. 8.
• [Crooked] Mag. III. 1. O.
• [adj. Err] TA. III. 8.
• Pick — [hammer for pecking.]
• [adj. p. Authority Sentence] D. III. 1. A.
• [Rule] D. IV. 5.
• — of Globe. Mag. II. 5. A.
• — of Cart. Po. V. 6. A.
• — Stone. St. II. 3. A.
• — of Arts, [having the first A­cademical degree.]
• — s Button, [Campion.] HS. V. 2.
• [Hinder part] Sp. III. 8. O.
• — of Animal. PG. IV. 3.
• [a. Accessory] TM. IV. 4. O.
• [Incourage] RO. VI. 2.
• give — [Retire] RM. II. 2. D.
• Abstein] TA. V. 6. O.
• Abstein] Abstein] TA. V. 6. O.
• [a. Cohibit] T. II. 2. O.
• [adj. hinder-part door]
• — friend, [Conceal'd Enemy.]
• [adj. Backwardness]
• toward- the hinder part]
• to— the hinder part]
• [Aversation] AS. V. 5. O.
• [Nolleity] AS. IV. 1. O. (dim.)
• Beast, Be. V. 2. A.
• [Merchant] (corr.) of Corn]
• cloak — [behind-riding bag.]
• — pipe, Musical (Instr.) of Pipes and Bag.]
• [utensils of the Army.] RM. V. A.
• — tree, Tr. III. 5.
• Rose — [Oleander] Sh. VI. 1. A.
• Wild — Sh. III. 9.
• brown — [black. Q. II. 1. O. (dim) adj. Chesnut co­lour.]
• — in Water, [Transverse bank.]
• — of Sea. W. IV. 4.
• — of Building. Po. III. A.
• — windows, [Prominent win­dows.]
• to—at [against-a. Dog (voice]
• Magistrate [adj. Town (offi­cer.]
• Citation (Officer.]
• Arresting (Officer.]
• Servant. [adj. Agriculture (Officer.]
• [Refresh] TA. V. 8. sp. with Sustenance in journey.]
• as Hook or Trap, [make adj. allure (apt.]
• [Provoke] RM. I. 2.
• [Librating] O. I. 2.
• [Equal the weight]
• Even Accounts. TA. IV. 2. A.
• [Un-hair'd]
• [not-ornate]
• [not-congruous]
• [Heap. together-bound.]
• [Aggregate together-bound.]
• [Omit] TA. III. 8. A.
• [Discourage] RO. VI. 2. A.
• [Balling. Mo. V. 4. A. (Instr.]
• [Sphere] Mag. III. 5. sp. (dim.]
• [Convention for dancing]
• Herb. HF. VII. 2.
• Assyrian — HF. VII. 3.
• Iuice. PP. I. 7. A.
• Male — HS VII. 5.
• True — SH. III. 1.
• Juice. PP. I. 7. A.
• Balsamum. Peruvianum. Tr. VIII. 9. A.
• [Curse] AS. I. 3. O.
• — role, [Flag.] Mag. IV. 7. A.
• [adj. a. Binde (thing)
• [Obligation] RC. VI.
• [writing Obligatory] RC. VI. 5.
• [Company] RM. IV. 3.
• sp. various waies]
• Proscribed (person.]
• Military robbing (person.]
• [Destruction] AS. I. 4. O.
• ratts — [Arsenic] St, VI. 4. A.
• [Promulgation of fut. Marri­age]
• [Oblong, more-high (part]
• [Ridge] Mag. V. 7.
• [Shore] W. IV. 6.
• [Shelf] W. III. 5. A.
• [Series] TM. III. 7.
• — of Mony, [Mony (Aggr.) sp. to be lett (segreg.)]
• Ensign. RM. III. 2.
• Cornet. RM. III. 2. A.
• [Bolt] Po. IV. 5.
• — of, &c.
• Cylinder, Mag. III. 6. of &c.
• Prism. Mag. III. 6. A. of &c.
• [Page] [adj. Impedient (thing)
• [adj. Pleading] RJ. I. 7. (place]
• [a. Impedient] T. II. 5. O.
• [a. Forbid] RO. V. 1. O.
• [Back-diverging Cuspis]
• [a. Figure (Perf.) by cut­ting.]
• sp. the Beard.]
• [adj. Barbarism] Man. IV. O.
• [adj. Rusticity] Man. IV. 9. D.
• [adj. Fierceness] NP. IV. 4. O.
• [adj. Cruelty] Man. I. 5. O.
• [not-clothed]
• [Lean] NP. V. [...] . O.
• [un-clothe]
• Contract.] RC. V.
• Thing dealt for, RC. V. 8.
• [Rinde] PP. I. 5.
• Peel [un-rinde.]
• a. Dog (voice]
• to a. Fox (voice]
• wild — HL. III. 4. A.
• [adj. a. ferment (thing) of Beer.
• Fish. Ex. VIII. 9.
• Instrument [Nose Compres­sing (instr.]
• [Noble (person.]
• — of Exchequer, [Judge of Court for King's Revenue.]
• Vessel, Pr. V. 3.
• Measure. Me. II. 4.
• [un-testicled Hog]
• Jugament. Po. V. 3. A.
• — of Column, [Bottom.] Sp. III. 7. O.
• — in Song, [Grave] Q. III. 1. D.
• [Low] TM. II. 4. O.
• [Rabble] RC. I. 7.
• [Villain] RC. I. 8.
• [Spurious▪] T. III. 4. O.
• [Pusillanimous] Man. III. 8. D.
• [Sordid] Man. III. 4. D.
• Shame (habit)] AS. VI. 2. A.
• Abjectness] Man. III. 9. E.
• Stone — HF. VII. 5. A.
• Cow — HS. V. 6.
• [Serpent killing by seeing]
• [Great Ordnance]
• [Spurious] T. III. 4. O.
• [begot of Parents not toge­ther-married.]
• [Whip] RJ. VI. 2.
• [Cudgel] RJ. VI. 2. A.
• Moisten. Pr. III. 7.
• Staff.] PP. I. 4.
• Club.] RM. V. 2.
• [Club] RM. V. 2.
• Bird flying-Mouse (kind.)
• — fowling, [Hunting Birds by Night.]
• sp. in one (time) baking.]
• — ing, [Soking▪] O. III. 5. O.
• Part of Army.
• Action. RM. I. 8. A.
• a—y, [Assault with Cannon.]
• to — [Score for Diet (segreg.]
• Figure. Mag. IV. 9. A.
• [Margin (sepiment) of the Roof.]
• [Sphere (dim) perforated.]
• [Cube (dim) perforated.]
• [for praying (person]
• [adj. p. Almes (person]
• [Before-walking (Officer]
• [adj. a. Citation (Officer]
• [Arresting RJ. II. 1. A. (Offi­cer.]
• [Whipping (Officer]
• [Dog (dim) hunting Beasts by smell.]
• — of a Bird. PP. V. 4.
• — of a Ship.
• — of an house. Po. III. 5. A.
• — of a Cart. [Pole] Pr. V. 5. A.
• — of Balance, [Transverse (part, of B.]
• Weavers — Transverse line of Wood.]
• — of the Sun, [Line of Light.]
• Meteor. El. I. 4.
• White — Sh. II. 3. A.
• French — HS. II. 1.
• Ginny — HS. II. 1.
• Kidney — HS. II. 1.
• — of the Ancients. HS. II. 2.
• binding—tree. Sh. IV. 6.
• — trefoile. Sh. II. 7. A.
• Sea — Ex. VI. 2.
• — s breech [brank ursin] HS. VIII. 8.
• — s-ear. HS. VIII. 2.
• — Sanicle. HS. VIII. 3.
• Support. Mo. VI. 1. A.
• [Carry] Mo. VI. 1.
• [a Passion] T. I. 7. O.
• [a. Patience] Man. I. 8.
• [Fall (make)]
• [Compel to grant]
• [adj. a. distant (endeavour]
• [Suffer (endeavour]
• [adj. a. Safety (make]
• [Continue Suffering]
• [Continue Resisting]
• [a. Condescention] Man. VI. 2.
• — Company Companion
• — Respect v. Respect
• — Sway Sway
• — Witness Witness.
• — ones self, [a. Demeanour.]
• — of Animal. PP. VI. 4.
• — of Corn. PP. II. 3. A.
• [Knock] Mo. VI. 4. A.
• [Strike] Mo. VI. 4.
• — the Price. RC. VI. 1. A.
• sp. Blessing] AS. I. 3.
• Transc. (Inceptive)
• is done [is, adj. p. Action.]
• [is, adj. p. Efficient]
• [is Effect] T. II. O.
• [is Event] TA. V.
• [is decent] T. V. 2.
• Houshold-stuff. Po. V. 7. A.
• — sted. Po. V. 7.
• — rid, [not-adj. rise (pot) out of—]
• — of Earth, [Superficies.] Mag. I. 3.
• Ladies Bedstraw. HL. IX. 6. A.
• humble. Ex. IV. 1. A.
• — like fly. Ex. IV. 3.
• — eater. Bi. III. 9.
• — flower. [orchis] HL. IV. 8.
• as — [as] Adv. I. 3.
• [Drink] Pr. I. 7. A.
• [adj. Carrying (jug.) for dead bodies.]
• [Milk of adv. new adj. preter. parturition.]
• [Insect] Ex. V.
• Common — Ex. V. 4.
• Dung — Ex. V. 4. A.
• Instrument [wooden Mallet (augm.]
• —in place. Prep. V. 3.
• —in comparison, [more then.]
• Sp. I. 2. E.
• Gained] TA. V. 2.
• Prepared] TA. III. 2.
• Prevented] TA. III. 9.
• [a. Begger] RC. I. 8. A.
• [Entreat. RO. V. 3. (augm.]
• — ger. RC. I. 8. A.
• [a. Generation] AC. I. 1.
• [a. Efficient] T. II. 1.
• Transc. (Incep.)
• [a. Conversation] Man. A.
• [a. Demeanour] AC. V.
• [a. Gesture] AC. VI.
• [Staying] TA. VI. O.
• [Remaining]
• [Residue] TM. VI. 7. O.
• —in Arrears, [Debtor.] TA. IV. 7. O.
• [Inferior] TM. I. 5. D.
• Lost] TA. V. 2. O.
• not-prepared.]
• been Prevented.]
• [Beneficiary] RO. III. 8. D.
• [Owing thanks]
• [v. Expedient] T. V. 6.
• it—ed, &c.
• [&c ought] Mood II. 2.
• — full, [Expedient.] T. V. 6.
• — fry, [adj. Convention (place) for adj. a. Ringing (persons.]
• — flower. HF. VII. 9. A.
• Easiness to — [Credulity.] Ha. III. 2. E.
• — Worm. Ex. I. 1. A.
• [Beneath] Prep. V. 2. O.
• with sorrow (sign]
• for sorrow (sign]
• sp. With Voice.]
• [long fixed Seat]
• [adj. Judg. (place)] RJ. I. 1.
• [Assessors, (aggr.] RJ. I. 1. A.
• [adj. a. Crooked] Mag. III. 1. O.
• [Shrink] AC. VI. 3.
• [be crumpled] AC. VI. 3. A.
• [p. Oblique] Mag. II. 8.
• — ones fist, [together-fold.] O. V. 5.
• [Below] Prep. V. 2. O.
• Vertue, [Goodness] Man. I. 4.
• Action, [a. Benefactor.]
• [Favour] AS. V. 9.
• [Courtesie] Man. IV. 7.
• [Gratiousness] Man. VI. 1.
• [adj. pret. purposing] AS. IV. 3.
• — of Grass, [Ear] PP. II. 4. A.
• [Page] one — [Herb true love] HS. IX. 5. A.
• [About-gard]
• [a. remorse.]
• Miscarrying.]
• Event (corr.]
• [Near] Prep. IV. 3. O.
• Erring from]
• — himself, [Mad.]
• [Also] Conj. IV. 2.
• [a. Dotage. NP. II. 2. O. (make]
• Love, (Excess]
• Drunkenness.]
• [Defile with upon-spitting.]
• [Defile with upon-spuing]
• — part. TM. VI. 1.
• doe ones — [most-endeavour.] TA. III. 4.
• [Move (aug.] Mo.
• [Diligence] Ha. IV. 5.
• [Disburse] TA. IV. 5.
• sp. for Safety.]
• Cogitation, AS. II. 1.
• [Consider] AS. III. 2.
• [adv. Soon] Sp. I. 4.
• [adv. Morn] Me. V. 7.
• [a. Treachery] Man. V. 2. D.
• [a. Perfidiousness] Man. V. 6. O.
• [a. Treason] RJ. III. 2.
• [Shewing] TA. I. 8.
• [Manifesting] TA. I. 9.
• [Victory.] RM. II. 1.
• Ones—s. RO. III.
• [Privately] adv. TM. V. 4.
• [Middle.] SP. III. 3.
• [Indifferent.]
• [Refection] Pr. I. 1. A.
• Beast, [Castor]
• Hat, [Head (vest) of Fur of Bever.]
• Armour, [For-head (Armor]
• sp. with Exclaiming.]
• [adj. a Heedfulness] Ha. IV. 2.
• [a. Aversation] AS. V. 4. O.
• [Shew] TA. I. 8.
• [Manifest] TA. I. 9.
• [Superior] TM. I. 5. E.
• sp. Stone of the Persian Goat.]
• the—[Digression] D. V. 9. A. Adjective.
• [adj. Digression] D. V. 9. A.
• sp. with contempt.]
• Principal.]
• Pertinent.]
• Efficient. Pre. I. 2.
• Instrument. Pre. I. 1. A.
• — reason of. Pre. I. 2. A.
• come — [obtein] TA. V. 1.
• Local [nigh.]
• Temporal [nigh.]
• Nearly after.]
• adv. future (dim.]
• — the by Adverb [by the by (1) [Digression]
• — great Adverb [by g. (1.) [Ag­gregate.]
• — retail Adverb [by r. (1) [Se­gregate.]
• Segregation.
• — course [c (Segr.]
• — the day [d (Segr.]
• — degrees [d (Segr.]
• Day — day [d. (Segr.]
• House — house [h. (Segr.]
• Year — year [y. (Segr.]
• a — [Child's breast (vest]
• to — [Drink, AC. II. 2. A. (freq.]
• [a. Fight, RM▪ I. 7. (dim.]
• [a. Contention. Man. IV. 3. D.
• Invite [Intreat to come.]
• — Banes publish b. fut.]
• — Festival publish f. fut.]
• — Battel [Offer b.]
• — Defiance [Offer d.]
• — Money [Offer m.]
• — Prayer, [Exhort to together-pray.]
• — Price. RC. VI. 2.
• During 2 years]
• Returning 2 years]
• — with Child, [adj. p. Great through having been im­pregnated.]
• angrily.] AS. V. 8.
• proudly.] Man. V. 2. O.
• Hook, [Cutting-hook.]
• [Catalogue] TM. III. 7. A.
• [Accusation, &c.] RJ. II. 3.
• [Obligation.] RC. VI. 5.
• — of Exchange, [Bill for Exch.] RC. V. A.
• Appointment for Lodging]
• — of Wood, [Stick (aug.) sp. for Fuel.]
• [Box, Pr. V. 2.
• [Page] sp. for Bread.]
• [Ty] O. II. 1.
• [a. Bonds] RJ. VI. 4. A.
• make Costive [a. binding] Mo. IV. O,
• — by Script. RC. VI. 5.
• — a Book, [a. Mechanic—]
• Sea — HL. VI. 13. A.
• black — HF. I. 3. A.
• prickly — HS. IX. 7.
• — lime, [Viscous (thing) for taking Birds.]
• — 's-Cherry. Sh. II. 8.
• — 's-Ey. HS. VIII. 2. A.
• — 's-Foot. HS. III. 9.
• HF. V. 6. A.
• Extraction, [p. Progenitor.] RO. I. 1.
• Nativity, [p. Parturition.] AC. I. 3.
• Bearing, [a. Parturition.]
• after — [Secundine] PP. VI. 7. A.
• — wort. AS. VIII. 5.
• — 's-weed. HF. V. 4. A.
• [Bread bak'd for duration]
• [dried, Bread (Lamin)
• [piece] from-broken (part)]
• — of Bridle, [Horse-restrein­ing (Armament)]
• — in, [un-speak (endea­vour.]
• as in Tast or Smell [a. Acri­monious]
• — in Taste. Q. IV. 3. O.
• [Austere] Man. VI. 8 O.
• Doleful, [adj. a. Grief, AS. V. 3. O. (cause]
• Brasileen — Bi. VIII. 5. A.
• [adj. a. Loquacity] Man. IV. 5. O.
• — art, [Witchcraft.] RJ. III. 1.
• — berry, [Berry of Bramble.]
• — bird. Bi. III. 6.
• — and blew, [Blew Black.] as Bruise (sign)
• swimming — PP. IV. 5.
• — nut. Tr. IV. 7. A.
• One — HM. VI. 22.
• Twy — HM. VI. 22. A.
• — of Shoulder, [Flat bone of Shoulder.]
• to—it [a. Riotousness.]
• — less, [Innocent.] RJ. II. 6.
• [White.] Q. II. 1. E.
• [not upon-written] AC. III. 7.
• to — [a. Mute.] AC. III. 1. O.
• Covering (thing.]
• Bed (vest.]
• Evil of God.]
• Injury of Prin­ces.]
• [Decay. NP. IV. 4. O. (make.]
• Vapor. El. VI. 5.
• [Blowing. Mo. III. 3. (impe­tus.]
• [Wind. El. II. 4. (impe­tus.]
• [a. Flame.] El. I. 1.
• [adj. a. Public.] TM. V. 4.
• [adj. a. Public (make]
• [a. Description adj. Degree (sign]
• sp. for white (make]
• [Piercing Cold]
• Fish. F. IX. 10. A.
• Sheep (voice.]
• Goat (voice.]
• [a. Bloud] PG. I. 5.
• Phlebotomy. Mo. IV. 6.
• — bottle. HF. III. 2.
• Vapor, El. VI. 5.
• Decay, NP. V. 4. O.
• a — [False pretence]
• [Dim] Q. I. 3. O.
• [Tremble with the Eye-lids]
• sp. of Sheep.]
• [Stock] PP. I. 2.
• — of Wood, [Thick piece—]
• — head, [Dull] Ha. III. 1. O.
• — house, RM. VI. 2. A.
• to—up, [Besiege. RM. I. 4. re­motely.]
• Destroy Writing.]
• Null Writing.]
• a. Swell with Smoke]
• a. Condite (dim.) with Smoke]
• Red juice of perfect Animals. PG. I. 5.
• One of the four humors. PG. I. 6.
• — bound, [Dog. adj. hunt (apt) men by sent.]
• — shot, [Spotted with Bloud within the Tunicle.]
• — stone, [Cornelian.]
• — wort. HA. II. 10.
• let — a. Mo. IV. 6.
• [Descendent (kinde]
• of the whole [adj. Con­sang. by both Parents.]
• of the half- [adj. Con­sang. by one Parent.]
• [Murther] RJ. III. 4.
• [Dysentery] S. VI. 6. A.
• [Stroke] Mo. VI. 4.
• [a. Breath] Mo. III. 3.
• — an Horn, [a. Sound.] Q. III (make]
• — one's Nose. Mo. IV. 4. A.
• [a. Flower] PP. II. 1.
• Fish. Ex. IX. 5.
• [Fat of Whale.]
• [wet with weeping]
• [adj. Unskilful] Ha. VI. 3.
• [adj. Stumble. Mo. II. 3. A, (freq.]
• [Confused (make]
• [Dull] NP. IV. 2. O.
• [Rustic.] Man. IV. 9. D.
• [not-adj. a. Cutt (apt.)
• [a. Spot. Q. I. 5. O. (freq.]
• appearance.]
• Plank, [adj. Wood (Lamin.]
• Entertainment, [v. Hoste.] RO IV. 5.
• — er, [Guest.] RO. IV. 5. O.
• sp. by Storm.
• [Glorying] AS. VI. 1. O.
• [Oversaying] Man. IV. 1. E.
• — Swain, RN. V. 6.
• [Strike (dim.) with hand.
• [Mock (dim.)
• [Solid] Mag. I. 4.
• — of Tree, [Stock] PP. I. 2.
• — of Army, [adj. Middle (part]
• a — S. III. 3. A.
• Tempest] W. VI. 7. A
• Fierceness]
• Stoutness, (corr.]
• Temper, [Stoutness.] NP. IV. 6.
• Affection, AS. V. 8.
• Virtue, [Fortitude] Man. I. 7.
• — armoniac.
• [Bear] Mo. VI. 1. A.
• [Encourage] RO. VI. 2.
• prisoners — [Pin of fetters]
• to shoot ones —
• [Declare ones Opinion.]
• thunder, — [pibble (kind]
• — upright, [adj. Direct.]
• [Obligation] RC. VI. 5.
• — s. RJ. VI. 4. A.
• built for Joy.]
• adj. Festival.]
• Low Head (vest.]
• — of Sail. RN. III. 6. A.
• without — [adv. Memory]
• — binder, [adj. Book (Me­chanic]
• — seller, [adj. Book (Mer­chant]
• agg. of Chapters. D. III. 3. A.
• — of Sail. RN. III. 2.
• — on Shore, [Direct beam for flat (signe]
• [adj. Leather. (vest) for Leg and Foot]
• [Vantage] TM. VI 2. A.
• Fire — Materials per­mitted for f.]
• Gate — Materials per­mitted for g.]
• Plough. Materials per­mitted for p.]
• make—of, [Take for—]
• to — O. IV. 3.
• [Town] RC. III. 2. A.
• [City] RC. III. 3. A.
• Space betwixt Clothes and Breast.]
• [Space between the Dugs.
• [Swoln Ulcer]
• to — [v. Unskilfulness] Ha. VI. 3. O.
• — this and that, [and—]
• — waies, [All—]
• Figure. Mag. VI. 2.
• — flower. HP. I. 7.
• — of hay, [about-tied (aggr.)-]
• — of the Heart, [Inmost (part)-]
• — of Thread. Mag. VI. 7.
• sp. adj. Leather.]
• Figure. Mag. VI. 6. A.
• [adj. Bouling (Instr.] Mo. V. 4.
• Knock (Impetus)
• Sound (Impetus)
• [adj. p. Bind]
• [Beneficiary] RO. III. 8. O.
• [Common, Margin] Sp. III. 4. A.
• [Motion, adj. Reflexion.]
• — outward, [a. Convex (make]
• — inward, [a. Concave (make]
• Cross — RM. V. 4. A.
• rain — El. V. 1,
• saddle — [Convex (part) of the Saddle.]
• [adj. a. Shadow (thing)]
• Ladies — Sh. II. 2. A.
• Virgins — HM. I. 7. A.
• [Page] to — Mo. V. 4.
• Tree. Tr. III. 7.
• Chest. Pr. V. 2.
• Stroke, [Striking with flat hand.]
• sp. about Contracts.]
• Buckle, [Together-ty.]
• Couple, [Together-two.]
• — s of a Ship. RN. IV. 4.
• — pan, [Bone that conteins the Brain.]
• hair — [adj. Ha. IV. 1. D.]
• [Aggr. of Fern] HL. I. 4.
• to — [Stigmatize] RJ. VI. 6. A
• Heroic. [adj. Virtue. (aug.]
• Noble. [adj. Generosity.]
• Gawdy. [adj. Ornate, (aug.]
• Fleshy (part)]
• [Bore's flesh soused.]
• white — [fine—]
• brown — [course—]
• sweet — [principal Glandule.]
• adv. impetus.
• — ones neck. RJ. V. 3. A.
• — on the Wheel. RJ. V. 9. A.
• — one's belly, [-one's peri­tonaeum.]
• — one's winde [-one's dia­phragm.]
• [adj. p. Asthma. (make]
• [Violate] TA. III. 6. O.
• — Covenant violate c.]
• — Law violate l.]
• — Oath violate o.]
• — Promise violate p.]
• Discontinue, [adj. p. TM. III. (make.]
• — Company discont. c.]
• — Course discont. c.]
• — an Horse, [un-adj. fierce (make.]
• — fast, [Cease to—]
• Ill weather
• [Cease confusedly.]
• [Fail] TA. IV. 8. O.
• — one's heart.
• — one's winde, [a. Perish.]
• — Superficies.
• — out in botches. [Discont. the skin with, &c.
• — one's head. [Wound the skin of—]
• [Plow] [Dig.] &c.
• — one's minde.
• — up a letter.
• — a Iest [a. Jest. (imp.]
• — in, [In-ition. (imp.]
• — open, [a. Open. (imp.]
• — out, [Out-ition. (imp.]
• — winde, [a. Wind. (imp.]
• — upward. Mo. IV. 2.
• — downward. Mo. IV. 2. A.
• Sea — [Gilt-head] Fi. V. 1.
• Sucking up the — AC. IV. 6. A.
• — sweat, [Sweat (remiss.]
• — es, [Vest for the lower (part) of Trunk.]
• Bear's — HM. IV. 2. A.
• Ingender, [a. Generation.]
• [p. Impregnate]
• [Educate] RO. VI.
• [Shortness] TM. II. 1. O.
• [p. Epitome] D. V. 7.
• [Commission] RC. IV. 4. A.
• Gentle Wind, El. VI. 6.
• [Dugg] PG. IV. 2. A.
• — plate, [adj. Brest (armor]
• [Shortning]
• [Shrinking]
• Beer (make)
• [Mingle] T. III. 8. O.
• sp. in Fat of boiled meat.]
• — groom, [adj. pres. Marriage (male.]
• — maid, [Companion (fem.) of the Bridegroom.]
• — man, [Companion (male) of the Bride.]
• — of Lute, [Ridge supporting the Strings.]
• — of Nose, [Prominent Gri­stle.]
• to — [a. Cohibit.] T. II. 2. O.
• [Coat of Male.]
• [Ship adj. a. Booty (apt.]
• — y taste, [Saltishness.] Q. IV. 5.
• go. (make.]
• come. (make.]
• go to — [fetch.] TA. VI. 4. A.
• [diminish] TM. I. 7. O.
• [weaken] NP. V. 7. O.
• [a. Parturition.] AC. I. 3.
• [diminish] TM. I. 7. D.
• [adj. p. ruine (make.]
• [a. destroy] AS. I. 4. O.
• [annihilate.] AS. I. 1. O.
• [a. Cause] T. II.
• [a. Efficient.] T. II. 1.
• [overcome] RM. II. 1. E.
• [conquer] RM. II. 7. E.
• [begin] TA. III. 3.
• [educate] RO. VI.
• [accompany in Travel (in­cept.]
• [assist in parturition.]
• — word, [—Narration.]
• white — HS. IX. 6.
• black — HS. IX. 6. A.
• to — [a. direct (make) one's Bri­stles.]
• [a. un-barrel (incept.]
• sp. opening (augm.) one's mouth.]
• [a. openness.]
• — awake, [Perfectly—]
• [Contentions] Man. IV. 3. D.
• [Troubles] TA. V. 9. O.
• [Substitute (Merc.]
• [Merchant of old things]
• [Children (aggr.)
• [a. Fotion by over-sitting]
• — lime. HS. VI. 10.
• garden — HL. VIII. 3. A.
• to — [adj. a. Patience.] Man. I. 8.
• butchers — Sh. III. 8.
• thorny — Sh. IV. 2. A.
• — Rape. HL. V. 8.
• a — [Brushing (instr.]
• — ing. RN. VI. 2.
• half — RO. I. 4. A.
• — in Law, [Brother by Affi­nity.]
• [Brother (abstr.]
• [Corporation] RC. III. 7.
• Moving the — AC. IV. 1. O.
• — of an Hill. [Protuberance.] Mag. IV. 3.—
• [Dark (dim.]
• [Black (dim.]
• sp. of Boughs.]
• [Contusion] O. IV. 1. A.
• Hurt. S. I. 1. A.
• [Branch. PP. I. 3. (dim.]
• [Brushing (instr.) clothes.]
• [Painting (instr.]
• to — O. V. 9.
• [Animal] W. V. 3.
• [Rumor] D. V. 3.
• [adj. Beast (like]
• [adj. Irrational]
• [Clothes (aggr.) for wash­ing by Lixiviation.]
• — for fishing, [adj. take (mach.] of Fish.]
• — s horne. HL. VIII. 2. A.
• — s thorne. Sh. I. 7.
• — mast, [Mast of Beech.]
• — wheat. HA. V. 5. A.
• [Tub, adj. p. carry (apt) by handle.]
• to — [Move (dim.]
• sp. adj Leather]
• sp. of Buffals Skin limber.]
• [adj. Glass-bead]
• [Horn (dim.) for sounding]
• Herb. HF. VII. 16. A.
• Vipers — HL. IX. 2. A.
• Greater parts of — Po. III.
• Lesser parts of — Po IV.
• — upon, [Be confident of.]
• [Total] TM. VI.
• [Aggregate] TM. III. 6. O.
• [Beast, Be. II. 1. (male▪]
• Writing, [Edict.] RC. IV. 3. O.
• — Beetle. Ex. V. 2. A.
• — finch. Bi. IV. 5.
• — head ▪ [Miller's thumb.] Fi▪ IX. 12.
• [Page] — rush, [Great (kind) rush.]
• Gold not-coin'd]
• Silver not-coin'd]
• [adj. Cotton stuffing (thing]
• [not-necessary (thing) in­thrusted.]
• [affected words]
• [Protuberance] Mag. IV. 3.
• [Cluster] PP. II. 4.
• sp. together-tied.]
• sp. for Infusion.]
• Figure. Mag. VI. 5.
• [Anchor, (sign)
• [Principal G [...] andule]
• — of the Ear, [Lower Protube­rance—]
• — of Dock, [Ear] PP. II. 4. A.
• Butter — HL. VI. 1. A.
• — reed. HL. III. 15. A.
• Great — HL. VI. 2.
• Little — HL. VI. 2. A.
• — of a Song, [Repeated verse] Load, Po. V. A.
• to — [adj. a. Heavy (make) upon, &c.]
• Magistrate of a Town.]
• Free-man of a Town.]
• — alive. RJ. V. 6. A.
• [Facetious imitation (corr.]
• [Mocking imitation of Poem.]
• [adj. Ample.] Sp. II. 5.
• [adj. Fat. (augm.]
• Thorny — Sh. III. 1. A.
• house — RJ. III. 7.
• — alive. RJ. V. 7. A.
• — in the hand, [Stigmat.] RJ. VI. 6.—
• — Lance, [Dart] El. I. 4. A.
• — Fever. S. II. 1.
• Sun — [adj. p. Colouring (corr.) by the Sun.]
• Smooth by rubbing]
• Brighten by rubbing]
• Cony — [Cony's (house.]
• — Cow, [Blain-worm.]
• Shrubs (aggr.]
• Silver — Sh. VI. 6. A.
• [adj. a. Business]
• [adj. a. Double diligence] Ha. IV. 5. E.
• — body, [adj. a. Diligence (corr.]
• Employment, TA. III.
• [adj. a. Troubling (thing]
• but. Conj. II. 1. O.
• —[indeed] Conj. II. 1. as, but lately, &c.
• — that, [unless.] Conj. I. 3. O.
• [notwithstanding] Conj. II. 2. O.
• sp. of Stock.]
• [Bank at-adj. p. shoot (apt.]
• [Sign, adj. p. aim (apt.]
• sp. with Forehead.]
• — ing. Pr. III. 1.
• — bird. Bi. I. 3. A.
• — 's broom. Sh. IV. 5. A.
• for adj. p. drink (thing.]
• — milk, [Milk after Butter (make.]
• Hawke — Ex. IV. 10.
• — bur. HL. VI. 1. A.
• — wort. HL. VI.
• — hole. Mag. V. 2. A.
• — Fish. Ex. VIII, 2.
• Batchelour's — [Campion] HS. V. 2.
• bald — [White-headed—]
• — Tree. Tr. VII. 8.
• sp. in a Ship.]
• most esteem­ed
• [Lamb educated in house.]
• [Imprisonment (room.]
• sp. for Birds.]
• Flattering.]
• Wicked (augm.)
• Miserable (augm.)
• a — [adj. calendring (mech.]
• [Bull, Be. II. 1. (young.]
• — 's snout [Snap-dragon.] HS. VIII. 6.
• [Hart (male) of the first year.]
• Sea — [Seal.] Be. V. 3. A.
• [Protuberance behind the Leg.]
• [Hinder Muscles of the Leg.]
• — to mind, [re-a. memory.]
• — to witness, [a. Witness (make.]
• [un-public]
• [a. annihilation]
• — upon, [Invocate.]
• — ing, ] Profession.]
• [not-feathered]
• [adj. Peaceableness]
• [adj. Meekness]
• Iron (instr.) having four points most distant from each other.
• land — HS. III. 9 A.
• water — HL. VII. 8. A.
• — 's Hay. HL. III. 11. A.
• [adj. Chamber Companion]
• — master, [adj. Camp. (Of­ficer.]
• [Summers war.]
• Gum. [Gum of Camphire tree.
• [adj. Potentialness]
• [adj. Natural Power]
• [adj. Power.]
• [May] Mod. I. 1.
• a — [Footless Cup]
• — bird. Bi. IV. 6. A.
• — grass. HL III. 1.
• — wine, [Wine of the Cana­ries.]
• [a. Annihilation]
• Ulcer. S. III. 4.
• Constellation, [Star (aggr.) call'd the Crab.]
• Sign [the fourth of the twelve parts of the Zodiac.]
• tropic of — W▪ VI. 5.
• — Alexander. HF. IV. 13.
• — stick, [Supporting (vess.) for Candle.]
• — bone, [Bone next to the Weasand.]
• — tree, [Cinamon] Tr. VIII. 8.
• [Stars (aggr) called Greater Dog.]
• — minor, [Stars (aggr.) called Lesser Dog.]
• [Vlcer,] sp. within the mouth.]
• [Rust] Met. IV. 5. sp. of Brass.]
• Worm, [Caterpiller.]
• — of breeches, &c. [Hollow Cylinders—]
• Rules, [adj. RE. Laws.]
• [Ordnance] RM. VI. 5. A.
• Make one a Saint]
• Sentence one a Saint]
• Declare one a Saint]
• sp. Little, &c.
• a. Suter for suffrages.]
• Contend for suffrages.]
• [Examin (augm.]
• sp. Congruous to the Head]
• — case, [Box (dim]
• to — [un-vest the Head.]
• Top-mast to the Mast]
• Flag-staff to the Mast]
• — a pe, [from head to foot.]
• — Verses, [Play at repeating Verses.]
• [adj. a. Receive (pot.]
• [adj. Subject (pot]
• [adj. Passion (pot]
• Subject (pot.]
• Receive (pot.]
• Passion (pot.]
• — of Cloke, [adj. p. fold (Lamin.]
• [Promontory] W. III. 4.
• — Merchant. RN. V. 5.
• sp. with trembling (like) of the Leggs.]
• Fruit. Sh. IV. 2.
• [Private man of War]
• [Ship praedatory.]
• [adj. Head.]
• crime, [cr. punishable with dying (make]
• [Cheef] TM. IV. 4.
• tropic of — W. VI. 5.
• — of Foot, [adj. Company (Officer.]
• — of Horse, [adj. Troop (Offi.]
• — of a Ship. RN. V. 1.
• [Censorious]
• be displeased
• Sore. S. III. 4. A.
• [Page] Gem, [Ruby (augm.]
• Geographic — [Description by picture.]
• [Un-intangle by Comb] O. V. 9. A.
• [Prepare for Spinning by Combing]
• Chief, [Clergy of Rome]
• — points, [East, West, North, and South.]
• Affliction.]
• [Diligence]
• [Heedlesness] Ha. IV. 2. D.
• of a Fowl, [Trunk.]
• [adj. Flesh]
• [adj. Lust]
• [Ungracious]
• a — [Excrescence, adj. Flesh.]
• [Calumniate words]
• [Except contentiously.]
• [adj. House faber]
• [adj. Wood (Mechanic.]
• wilde. HF. V. 6. A.
• Go supporting. Mo. VI. 1.
• er. — RC. II. 8. A.
• Instruments for—ing. Po. V.
• [a. Demeanour]
• [a. Converse]
• [Support] Mo. VI. 1. A.
• [adj. p. Carry (thing)
• [adj. a. Carry (manner)
• [Demeanour] AC. V.
• [Converse] Man. A.
• [Dead body] sp. putrid.]
• [Lean (augm.]
• welsh — Po. V. 4. A.
• Unjoint the Limbs.]
• Segregate the Limbs.]
• Distribute the Limbs.]
• Condition of dubitable Event
• [Condition] T. II. 4.
• [Doubtful (thing]
• [State▪ sp. of Question.]
• — of Conscience, [Moral Que­stion]
• [Questionable Action (kinde.]
• [Cause of Suit]
• in no — [Not redupl.]
• put — [imp. Suppose.]
• [Event] TA. V.
• Obliquity of termina­tion.]
• Change of termina­tion.]
• — keeper, [Private Mony (Of­ficer.]
• [un-a. Souldier (make) pe­nally.]
• [a. Incapacitating] sp. a. Souldier.]
• sp. Barrel.] Pr. V. 3.
• [Vessel (dim.]
• [Box for precious (things.]
• Shrub — Sh. II. 11. A.
• adj. p. Motion (make.)
• throwing, Mo. VI. 2.
• as Metal. O. IV. 5. A.
• as Guilty, [Condemn.]
• as Nauseous, [Vomit]
• Think AS. II. 1.
• Consider AS. III. 1.
• Contrive AS. III. 7.
• — away. vid.— off.
• Sorrowful (make.]
• Despondent (make.]
• — in ones mind, vid.— about.
• — in ones teeth, [Upraid.] RJ. IV. 8. A.
• a. Form sp. by casting.]
• a. Figure sp. by casting.]
• — into Sleep, [adj. a. Sleeping (make.]
• [a. Reject] AS. .V. 5. O.
• [a. Abdicate] TA. I. 3. O.
• [a. Abandon] TA. II. 2. O.
• [a. Dereliction] AS. I 5. O.
• — into heap, [a. Heap,]
• — into sum, [a. Sum.]
• — clothes, [not-fut. used cl.]
• — dice, [a. Dice]
• — lots, [a. Lots]
• [adj. a. Let go. Ta. I. 6. O—]
• [adj. a. Change. TA. II. 6. O—]
• [a. Inquisition. RJ. II, 2.—]
• [a. Try. RJ. II. 4. A.—]
• — Young, [a. Abortion.]
• [Teacher of moral Doctrine.]
• [Solver of moral Doubts]
• Civet — Be. IV. 4. A.
• — s-tail. HL. II. 3. A..
• — in the eye, [Opacous (thing) in the water of the Eye.]
• sp. Altering to worse.]
• [adj. p. Rest (make)
• Catch, Mo. VI. 2. O.
• [Arrest] RJ. II. 1. A.
• — poll, [Arresting (Officer]
• [Pursevant] RJ. I. 6.
• as Fire, [a. Fire (imp.]
• as Infection, [p. Contagi­on.]
• desire to get]
• endeavour to take]
• offer to Catch]
• — fly. HS. V. 2. A.
• Flower, HS. III. 12. A.
• sp. Cloven footed.]
• Objection Contentious] (corr.]
• Dispute Contentious] (corr.]
• — for the head, [adj. Net (fi­gure) head (vest.]
• [Impulsive] T. II. 2.
• [Occasion] T. II. 4.
• [adj a. Argumentation (thing]
• [Proceeding] RJ. II.
• [Factitious way]
• [Way pav'd with Stones]
• a. Burning Medi­cine.]
• a. Corroding Medi­cine.]
• — money, [Stipulatory-money before-paid.]
• Discontinue.]
• [ Regular's ( [...] oom]
• [Swiftness] NP. V. 9.
• [Dispatch] TA. III. 5.
• — ecclesiastic. RE. V. 3.
• Greater — HF. III. 3 A.
• Lesser — HS. V. 5.
• [Sure] adj. AS. II. 6.
• — ly. Adv. I. 2. O.
• [Some] Pron. II. 3.
• [adj. Certainty (make]
• [adj. a. Know (make]
• sp. according to-his propor­tion]
• Discontinue.
• Recrement of winnow­ed Grain
• Husks of winnow­ed Grain
• [Ruo] O. V. 8.
• — ing-dish, [adj. Table (ves­sel) for Fire.]
• Stomach, [adj. Angry (aug.]
• Goat — Ex. V. 3.
• Green — Ex. V. 5. A.
• [Treat concerning the Price]
• sp. Sleeping (room]
• [adj. Chamber (Off.]
• [adj. City mony (Off.]
• Mutation, TA. II. 6. A.
• — of the Moon.
• [Time when the Moon ends one Course, and begins ano­ther]
• Mutable, [adj. Change (apt.]
• Of divers Colours. Q. II. 5. A.
• [Instead-put]
• [Chink] Mag. V. 4. O.
• — of mouth.
• sp. Bone of it.]
• Domestic Presby­ter.]
• Private Presby­ter.]
• — of book. D. III. 3.
• [Their Convention]
• [Page] [And Convention-house.]
• — of Pillar, [Top of Co­lumn.]
• [Description]
• [Instead-business]
• Proper [Load] Po. V. A.
• [adj. p. Ammunition (make]
• have—of, Be intrusted with.
• Cost, [Expence]
• Lay to one's — [a. Accu­ser.]
• [adj. Indulgence]
• [Heedful for]
• [Loth that it should suffer]
• Witch with words.
• Wizard with words.
• sp. For grant of Privilege]
• sp. for Deer.
• — in the Skie. El. V. 5.
• — [...] ree▪ Sh. V. 1.
• a. Swallow voice]
• a. Pie voice]
• with ones Teeth.
• sp. with Sound (aug.]
• [Sorry] TM. I. 4. D.
• [Interrupt Motion]
• — 'd with Colours. Q. II. 7.
• [Side] Sp. III. 4.
• Diet, [Quantity of Food.]
• [Encourage]
• [Merry (make.]
• [Cheerful (make.]
• [a. Fotion] AC. I. 4.
• [Preserve indulgently]
• Birds — Sh. II. 5.
• Winter — HS. IX. 8.
• Wildrock — of Austria. Sh. II. 5. A.
• [Image of Angel]
• of the Body.
• sp. the Cavity of it.]
• — the Cud, [Re-masticate.]
• under-ground — HS. II. 7.
• — weed. HS. V. 9. A.
• Bastard — HS. V. 10.
• berry bearing — HS. IX. 8. A.
• By Relation.
• to be with — [to have con­ceived.]
• — in the womb, [Embryo.]
• — birth, [Parturition]
• Foster — RO. III 2. O.
• God — RO. III. 1. O.
• Ward — RO. III. 4. O.
• Boy's age, Mea. VI. 1. A.
• [Tune with the Bells]
• [Ring melodiously]
• [Cut into Chips.]
• [From-cut the outside.]
• dim. Singing. AC. III. 5. A.
• Voice of Birds, [a. Sparrow (voice]
• sp. adj. Horseman.]
• [Election] RC. IV. 2.
• [Diversity]
• [Excellent]
• — adust, [melancholy]
• [adj. Choler]
• [adj. Anger (apt.]
• As to do. AS. IV. 5.
• may — [is adj. Liberty.]
• cannot—but, [is adj. p. Deter­mination.]
• [Page] [Mince] Pr. III. 6. A.
• — ing knife, [Mincing (inst.]
• [Supporting (inst.) for the chopped (thing.]
• [Cut by striking]
• [From cut (part)—]
• sp. adj. Proportion.]
• [together-Singers (Aggr.]
• [Players together-speaking (aggr.]
• — day, [Festival day of Christ's birth.]
• [Relation of things done according to the Series of times.]
• [History of times.]
• [Computing (art) of times]
• sp. Inwardly.]
• Society, [RE. (aggr.]
• — warden, [adj. Temple (Off.]
• — yard, [Court of Temple]
• [Rusticity] Man. IV. 9. D.
• op. to Alms. Man. III. 5. D.
• [Roughness]
• — aquatica. EX. II. 4. A.
• Sweet — HF. IV. 3.
• wi [...] d — HF. IV. 3. A.
• — sylvestris. Ex. II. 3.
• — of Sea-cole, [Charred remainders—]
• [Secret Character]
• to — [adj. a. Number (art.]
• [Nothing (sign) Character.]
• By which the World is divi­ded. W. VI.
• [Margin of Circle]
• [Paraphrase] D. V. 5. A.
• Summons RJ. II. 1.
• [Quotation] D. IV. 9.
• — Cat. Be. IV. 4. A.
• [adj. Civility]
• [adj. City]
• [adj. Civil relation]
• — Relation. RC.
• — Lawyer. RC. II. 2.
• Common­wealth.]
• [Complaisance] Man. IV. 8.
• a — [adj. Knock (machin.]
• adv. Difficult.]
• [Finish adv. sudden]
• sp. suddenly.
• — of thunder, [sound (imp.) of th.]
• Instrument, [Striking (part) of ringing (instr.]
• Wild—HF. VII. 10. A.
• [Separating the course (parts.]
• [a. Clear (make.] [...]
• sp. reciprocally.]
• [a. Contention]
• a—back, [Fawner.]
• as of Beast. PP. VI. 5. A.
• as of Bird. PP. V. 3.
• as of Shell-fish. PP. IV. 7.
• to — [Scratch.]
• [Pure] TM. V. 6.
• [a. Innocent (make.]
• [Un a. guilty (make.]
• Entire of it self.
• — ly. [Wholly.]
• [Page] — understanding, [Und. (perf.]
• [Ingenuous]
• [Sprightly]
• [Beautiful]
• Unspotted. Q I. 5.
• — sound. Q. III. 7.
• RC. [Not in Debt] TA. IV. 9.
• RJ. [Not in Guilt] RJ. II. [...]
• RM. [Not in War] RM. II. 7.
• RE [Not under Censure] RE. V. 5. O.
• [Accessible]
• [Cleaving (instr.]
• [Knife (augm.) to strike with]
• [a. Clammy]
• as with a Wedge. O. I. 3.
• Cloven-footed.
• [adj. p. Cleave]
• [adj. Clergy (person]
• [adj Church (off.]
• — of Church, [Minister's subor­dinate (officer.]
• [adj. Writing (offic]
• — of Exchequer.
• — of Rolls.
• Gentleman's —
• — of Market. [adj. Market (off.]
• sp. of Rabbets.]
• [Dependent]
• [adj. p. Advocate (person]
• re-knocking
• — ones Fist, [Fold the hand.]
• a — [Urbanity (endeavor) by similitude of words.]
• [Cut] O. V. 4. A.
• what is it of — [what hour is it according to the—]
• [adj. p. Excess (make]
• [adj. a. Nauseate with abun­dance.]
• [House of Monks]
• [Roofed walking (place]
• Penetration.
• of thing to thing.
• [Contiguity]
• [Narrowness]
• Closeness, Q. V. 3.
• [Densness] Q. V. 3. E.
• [adj. Hide.]
• [adj. Conceal]
• [adj. a. Sepiment]
• [adj. p. Sepiment (place]
• [adj. Shut]
• [adj. p. Whole] as a Wound.
• [adj. Cover]
• [Together-join]
• [Together-fold] as a Let­ter.
• Of Penetration; by
• Ey, [Darkness] as of wea­ther.
• Reservedness.]
• [Penuriousness]
• Cotton — Pr. IV. 4. A.
• Hair — Pr. IV. 1. A.
• Linn [...] n — Pr. IV. 4.
• Woollen — Pro. IV. 1.
• — worker, [adj. cloth (Me­chanic.]
• put on [adj. p. Clothing (make]
• — of Garlick, [Bulb of the root]
• — tree. Tr. III. 9.
• [Fragment of Cloth]
• [Mend by addition.]
• [Strengthen by addition.]
• [adj Country (corr.]
• — ishness, [Rusticity.]
• Weapon, RM. V. 2.
• [Calling (voice]
• [adj. a. preter. Cling]
• [together-adhering]
• [adj. aggregate (thing]
• [Talon. PP. V. 3. (Aggreg.]
• [Shrink] AC. V. 5. O.
• [Together-fold] O. III. 5.
• [Hold (corr.]
• — man, [Coach (Officer.]
• — box, [Seat of Coach (Offi­cer.]
• [a. Uniting.
• [p. Uniting.
• [together-joyning (augm.]
• Quarter, [Country near.]
• Sea-coast, [nigh- adj. Sea Country.]
• to — [Travail (end.) by conje­cture.]
• Garment, [Outward close (vest.]
• — of Male, [Woven (like) armour.]
• Cottage, [Rustic house (dim.]
• [Mend, (corr.]
• [a. Unskilful] Ha. VI. 3. O.
• [Male] sp. bird]
• — 's comb. HS. VIII. 7.
• heath — Bi. II. 5. A.
• — of the wood. Bi. II. 5.
• Sea — Ex. VI. 6. A.
• winged — Ex. II. 3. A.
• — of Dial, [Pin—]
• — of Gun-lock. [adj. a. Fire (machin.]
• — of Hay, [Heap—]
• — boat, [Boat (dim.]
• — swain. RN. V. 6. A.
• impor [...]
• Fish. Ex. VIII. 5 A.
• Herb. HS. V. 6. A.
• — Cristatus. Bi. IV. 4. A.
• Fish. Fi. III. 1.
• — of Plant. PP. III. 5. A.
• — piece, [adj. Privities (vest.]
• — er, [Keeping (off.) of Trea­sure.]
• [Receiving (vessel]
• [Box for dead body]
• —of Mill, [Tooth of wheel.]
• [a. Fraud.]
• [Acknowledging]
• of Cause. RJ. II. 4.
• Badge, [Service (sign.]
• [adj. Congruity]
• to—a rope, [a. Spiral.]
• — of a Wall., [Corner—]
• [a. Mony (make]
• [a. Print] sp. in Metal]
• [a. Fiction]
• [a. Forgery]
• a — [Disease from cold]
• Live — [Fired fuel (Part]
• Dead — [un-fired fuel (part]
• — black, [Black (augm.]
• Concave (place of Ring.
• Gem (place of Ring.
• [of the same Series]
• [Accessary]
• [Right of giving]
• [Refection. Pr. I. 1. A.]
• [Comparing. TA. II. 5.]
• [a. Gathering]
• [adj. p. Gathering (thing.]
• [Together-gathering]
• [adj. Aggregate]
• sp. of Schollars.]
• [Companion.]
• adj. p. Leag.]
• adj. p. Colledg.]
• [Together striking.]
• [Reciprocal striking.]
• [adj. Fundament Gut.]
• Period. D. I. 6.
• Horse (young]
• Ass (young]
• — s-foot. HL. VI. 1.
• mountain -[Horse foot] HL. VI. 3.
• [Combing (instr.]
• Crest. PP. V. 7.
• [adj. Folly (person]
• [adj. Formalness, Man. IV. 6. E. (person]
• Hony — [Bees Chambers (aggr.]
• [Contention]
• [Sedition.]
• sp. from a remoter term to a nearer.
• — about, [Turn.]
• — after, [Follow.]
• — again, [Return.]
• a thing, [Obtain.]
• a person, [Assault.]
• — back ▪ [Return.]
• — by, [Obtain.]
• [be manifested]
• p. Increase.]
• — in, [Submit.]
• — off, [p. Event.]
• — upon equal terms. RM. II. 1.
• — Victor. RM. II. 1. E.
• — Loser. RM. II. 1. D.
• — on, [Proceed.]
• — over, [P. Convert.]
• [be manifested.]
• — to good, [v. Event. (perf.]
• — to hand, [v. Event—]
• p. Manifest.]
• p. Public.]
• — to Minde, [adj. p. Memory.]
• — to pass, [v. Event.]
• — to self, [Return to former Condition.]
• Become visible.]
• Grow visible.]
• — upon, [Assault.]
• to — [adj. future.]
• — short. [v. Defect adv. End.]
• — to, [p. Sum adv. End.]
• [adv. Total.]
• — to, [p. Total.]
• — of it, [Be the Effect—]
• Vide supra.
• Forth—ing, [adj. fut. Ap­pear.]
• Parturition.
• Meteor. El. I. 2.
• [adj. Comedy]
• [adj. Mirth]
• v. Precept. RO. V. 1.
• [a. Master]
• a commanded Party. RM. IV. 6.
• [adj. Wood (instr.) for in­driving Columns]
• [Re- a. memory (make.]
• [a. Memory solemnly.]
• — to self. RO. V. 7.
• — to others. RO. V. 8.
• Entrust, [Deposit]
• Salutations to
• remembrance
• Speak ones Love.]
• Be Messenger of ones Salutation.]
• Instead-salute.]
• a. Trust (make.
• — ary. D. V. 6.
• Ecclesiastic, [Instead-Judge Eccles.]
• Military, [adj. Provisions (off.]
• — er, [Commission'd (per­son.]
• fp. as Fault.]
• as Prisoner, [a. Imprison­ment.]
• [Council (dim.]
• [Together-mixture]
• [Congruous]
• [Convenient]
• [Profitable]
• [Convenience]
• Op. to Proper. TM. IV. 6. O
• [Public.] TM. V. 4.
• [adj. People]
• [adj. RC. (thing]
• [Common Prosperity.]
• [Government by the Peo­ple.]
• [Not-consecrated]
• — of Victual.
• Provisi­ons
• — for Ca [...] tel.
• [Common Pasture]
• [Peoples Pasture]
• [Common (make]
• [Partnership (make]
• [Known (make]
• [Conversation]
• [Conference] AC. V. 7. A.
• [Page] [Discourse]
• Partnership.]
• [Lord's Supper.] RE. VI. 6. A.
• [Together-join (augm.]
• [Close (augm.]
• [Agreement]
• [Together-league]
• [Companion (abst.]
• [adj. Multitude (aggr.]
• [Convention]
• of Souldiers. RM. IV. 2.
• Fellow. RO. IV. 2.
• [Accessary (person]
• [Urbane (person]
• [Sorry (person]
• In Comparison of, [Being compared with]
• [About-goe]
• [Goe about the out-side]
• fetch — [Go, adv. Curve]
• [About-sepiment]
• [v. Circle]
• [Box to direct Navigati­on]
• Pair of — [Writing (instr.) of Circles.]
• [Comprehend]
• —of a year, &c. [Space—&c.]
• adj. Congruous.
• [Companion]
• [adj. Shortness]
• [adj. p. Epitome]
• [Short method]
• [a. Book (make]
• Vertue. Man. IV. 8.
• [Grief (sign]
• [a. Accuser]
• [adj. p. Finishing]
• [Aggregate]
• [Composition]
• [Colour of Face]
• [v. Congruity]
• [Please by v. Congruity.]
• [Together-leagued (persons]
• [Companions]
• [Accessories]
• [Conversation (manner]
• Book, [a. Book
• Verse, [a. Verse
• [Un-confused (make]
• [Make of many parts]
• [a. Mixture]
• Less than ones debt.]
• a. Capacity. TA. II. 4.
• [Repentance (inc.]
• [a. Innocent by witness]
• [Witty saying]
• [a. Common sense]
• [a. Understanding]
• [a. Thought]
• — with young. AC. I. 2. A.
• together— centre]
• adv. Same centre]
• Profitable.]
• [Pertinent]
• [Chamber sp. Se­cret.]
• [Council sp. Se­cret.]
• [Determine]
• [v. Inference]
• [adj. Simultaneity]
• [Together-being]
• Symphony. Q. III. 8.
• a. Corporation
• [Together-coming (augm.]
• [Convention (augm.]
• op. to Abstract. D. II. 2. O.
• Appropriated Whore]
• instead-Wife]
• [Appetite.]
• [Nature (corr.]
• [Original Sin]
• Sentence. RJ. II. 7. O.
• [Disapprove]
• [a. Man. VI. 2.]
• [Disposition]
• Capacity. TA. II. 4.
• [Supposition]
• [Leading] TA. VI. [...] .
• [a. Officer]
• Safe — [Licence of safe go­ing]
• Fruit. PP. III. 5.
• [Compare.] TA. II. 5.
• Discourse together. AC. V. 7. A.
• anothers praise.
• Sin. RE. IV. 2.
• Error. D. VI. 9.
• for confession of Sins]
• Sufferer for Religion. RE. III. 3.
• Affection. AS. V. 7.
• [Assuredness] AS. III. 6.
• adj. a. counsel
• adj. p. trust
• [a. Finite]
• [a. Cohibit] TA. II. 2. O.
• [a. Imprisonment]
• sp. More strengthen.]
• [More-assure]
• — ation. D. VI. 6. A.
• — Ecclesiastic. RE. IV. 8.
• [Fight] RM. I. 7.
• Coming (aug.
• [adv. Congruous-do]
• [a. Obedience]
• [adj. p. Confused (make]
• [adj. p. Shame (make]
• [Posing] D. VI. 8.
• [Destroy] AS. I. 4. O.
• [Corporation]
• [Penitents, (aggr.] RE. II. 6. A.
• Disorder, TM. V. 2. O.
• [Shame (augm.]
• [a. Coagulate]
• — ing. AS. II. 7. A.
• Particle. D. II. 9. A.
• — of Planets [neerness]
• [a. Witchcraft]
• [a. Entreat (augm.]
• [Tolerate secretly]
• [Not hinder]
• [Not-punish]
• Stupidity of — NP. I. 3. O.
• [According to Conscience]
• [adj. Equity]
• [Together-knowing]
• [Accessory]
• — of Bishop, [a. Bishop (make]
• Additional]
• with one — [Together-Adv. IV. 1. consenting]
• sp. Future]
• [Confection] Pr. II. 2. A.
• — ation. AS. I. 4.
• Think. AS. III. 2.
• [Compensate] TA. II. 7. A.
• — ing. AS. III. 2.
• — that, [Whereas] Con. IV. 1.
• [Impulsive]
• [Compensation]
• [adj. p. Simultaneous]
• Tactil Quality. Q. V. 5.
• Council (place
• sp. Of Bishops.]
• [a. Wholeness]
• [a. Closeness]
• Letter. D. I. 2. A.
• — of Music. Q. III. 6. A.
• [adj. p. See (apt.]
• [adj. Manifest (augm.]
• [Fear (augm.]
• sp. through Fear.]
• [Together-thrusting]
• [a. Efficient]
• [Appointment]
• [Temper of mind] NP. IV.
• [Temper of body] NP. V.
• [Page] [a. Efficient]
• [a.Interpret]
• [Ask advice]
• [Take advice]
• [a. Perfect]
• [Corruption]
• Disease. S. II. 2. A.
• — of the Lungs. S. V. 3.
• [Comprehend] TA. II. 4.
• [Keep chast]
• [Contentation] Ha. I. 3.
• [Satisfaction] AS. III. 5.
• [adj. Chastity]
• Land. W. III. 2.
• [a. Permanence]
• [a. Duration]
• — Quantity. TM. II.
• [Permanent]
• [Perpetual]
• — of Place. Sp. II. 7.
• [After much Time]
• [At length]
• [Together-draw]
• [Bargain] RC. V.
• — a disease, [adj. p. Dis­ease.]
• [Observe Faults]
• [Censure Faults]
• [Reprehend]
• — er, [adj. Cohibiting (Off.]
• Constancy (Exc.) Ha. IV. 7. E.
• op to Obedience Man. V. 8. D.
• [Bruise] S. I. 1. A.
• [Contrivement]
• [Alienating Writing]
• [a. Citation]
• [v. Convention]
• Agreeableness. T. IV. O.
• [Congruity]
• [Expedience]
• [Expedient]
• [adj. Conversation]
• [Accustomed]
• Qualification for — Man. IV.
• [Turn (make]
• [Proselyte] RE. III. 6.
• [Penitent] RE. II. 6. A.
• [Reform] RO. VI. 7.
• — by Law, [Prove Guilty.]
• — ery. Pr. III. 1. A.
• Set a — [a. T. II. 3.]
• — out. [a. T. II. 3. O.]
• [Estate for life]
• [Tenement for life]
• [Sharp topped]
• [adj. p. Point]
• Metal. Met. I. 4.
• [adj. Heart]
• [Heart-strengthning Medicin]
• [adj. Sincerity.]
• [Heart (like) part]
• sp. Hardest part]
• Tree. Tr. V. 2. A.
• [Wood of Cork Tree]
• [Stopple of Cork-wood]
• [Plant for adj. Bread]
• Standing — [Not-reaped]
• — field, [Field of—]
• — flagg. HL. IV. 6. A.
• [Seed for Bread]
• [Grain] PP. III. [...] .
• — on the Toe. S. III. 6. A.
• sp. with Salt.]
• [Angle] Mag. III. 2. A.
• [Tooth] Mag. IV. 2.
• [Notch] Mag. IV. 2. O.
• — of the eye, [Dent—]
• [adj. Hiding (place]
• Ensign. RM. III. 2. A.
• Music, [Bass pipe.]
• — of Souldiers, [Subordinate, adj. Watch (Off.]
• — of a Ship RN. V. 2. A.
• — dugard, [Gard (aggr.]
• [Having great Body]
• [Fat (augm.]
• [Repair] TA. II. 9.
• [Mend] TM. I. 9. E.
• [Reprehend] RO. V. 7. O.
• [Punish] Ha. I. O.
• Chastise. RO. VI. 6.
• [a. Congruity]
• [a. Reciprocation]
• Friendship]
• Known (make]
• [Strengthen]
• [a. Evil] T. III. 2. O.
• [a. Worse] TM. I. 9. D.
• [Defiling] TM. V. 6. O.
• [Spoiling] TA. II. 9. O.
• [Infection] S. I. 1.
• [Decay] NP. V. 4. O.
• [Putrefaction] NP. V. [...] . O.
• [Unholiness] Ha. V. [...] . O.
• [Vice] Man. I. 1. O.
• [Unchastness] Man. II. 7. O.
• [Bribery] RJ. IV. 6.
• [adj. Trunk (armour]
• — febrifugus Per [...] vin [...] us. Tr. VII. 9.
• — Winterianus. Tr. VII. 9. [...] .
• [Flame (imp.]
• [Brightness]
• sp. Trembling (like.]
• — tree. Tr. IV. 8..
• — cloth. Pr. IV. 4. A.
• — weed [Cudweed] HF. II. 5. A
• [Contrive together]
• [ a — Po. VI. 6. A.
• — weed, [Dogs grass] HL. III. 3. A
• Put over. O. II. 3.
• [a. Clothing] Pr. IV.
• — a book, [a. Book (mech.]
• [a. Coition] AC. II. 5. A.
• [Un-seen (make]
• Hiding (place.]
• Protection (place.]
• Defence (place.]
• Monk's — [—head (vest.]
• keep — [a. Taciturnity.]
• [Reckon] TA. IV. 6.
• out of — [not knowing which way to look.]
• [adj. p. Reputation (mak [...] ]
• [Mony (like) of base Metal]
• Offenders (dim.]
• Debtors (dim.]
• — b [...] nd, [Bond for indemnify­ing-Surety.]
• — charge, [Accuse adv. Reci­procation.]
• [a. Likeness]
• sp. Fraudulently.]
• [a. [...] eem (make]
• [a. Hypocrisie]
• [Region] W. III. A.
• ones own — [Ones Nation (place]
• sp. Join'd.]
• [a. Coition]
• Water — [Stream]
• [Page] [Hunting]
• first — [—dishes (aggr.]
• words of — [adj. Custome words]
• Gross. Q. VI. 3. D.
• [Sorry.] TM. I. 4. D.
• [adj. p. ride (apt) horse]
• [Horse for running]
• — yard. Po. III. 3.
• [King's Family] [...] C. III. 5.
• [King's House]
• [Judgment (place]
• [Judicial Convention]
• — daies, [Daies of judicial Convention.]
• to — [a. Suito [...] ]
• [Civility] Man. IV. 7.
• [Affability] Man. VI. [...] .
• Salutation. AC. V. 4. A.
• [King's domestic.]
• Courtesie (augm.]
• Complement (per­son]
• first — RO. I. 5.
• to — [a. Fraud]
• — with Ca [...] f, [Pregnant Cow.]
• — heard, [adj. Cow (Off.]
• to — [a. Coward (make.]
• wild — HS. VII. [...] . A.
• Mol [...] c [...] a — Ex. VI. 7. A.
• Little — Ex. VI. 4.
• — louse, [Crab (like)—]
• — tree, [Sour Apple-tree.]
• Fruit, [Sour Apple.]
• [Austere face (manner]
• [ [...] orose]
• [Difficult]
• sp Incept.]
• [Sound as of Breaking]
• [ [...] rag]
• — brain'd, [Mad (dim.]
• [Bed [...] ead (dim.) adj. p. Vo­lutation (apt.]
• Cunning. Ha. VI. 2. E.
• [Mechanic (art.]
• Rocky hill.]
• sp. by thrusting.]
• — fish, [Torpedo.] Fi. II. 4.
• — iron, [Iron hooks for join­ing.]
• Bird. Bi. VIII. 1.
• — fly. Ex. IV. [...] .
• — 's bill. HS. I. 5.
• Machin, [Great listing (ma­chin.]
• [Sound of breaking]
• [Thickness] TM. II. 5.
• [Density] Q. V. 3. E.
• [Courseness]
• [a. Desire]
• Covetousness]
• Scrapingness]
• sp. of Bird.]
• Creeping] Mo. I. 6.
• sp. the Superficies.]
• sp. of Milk.]
• Proper. AS. I. 1.
• [Believe] AS. II. 4.
• [Esteem] AS. II. 8.
• [Repu [...] ation] [...] a. II. 4.
• [Trust.] AS. III. 4.
• — in Religion. Ha. V. 4. E.
• sp. in Christianity.]
• Crawl. Mo. I. 6.
• [Wriggle] Mo. I. 6. A.
• as Ivy, [Grow contiguous.]
• [a. Fawning]
• Gradually.]
• garden. — HS. VI. 5.
• Indian — HL. VI. 12.
• Sciatica — HS. VI. 5. A.
• Sw [...] es — HS. VI. 6. A.
• Water — HS. IV. 15.
• Winter — HS. IV. 7. A.
• Supporting (j [...] g.) for boiling vess.]
• — light, [Not-cover'd Lan­tern.]
• [Comb] PP. V. 7.
• — fallen, [Discouraged (augm.]
• — of Helmet, [Comb (like)—]
• — of Arms, [The Gen­try (sign) upon the head (armour.]
• [Mane] PP. VI. 4. A.
• [Weep] AC. IV. 3. O.
• [Exclaim] AC. III. 3.
• — out, [a. Part [...] rition (inc.]
• [Accuse public­ly.
• [Blame public­ly.
• — mercy, [Entreat for par­don.]
• — quittance, [compensate]
• Proclaim, [a. Cryer.]
• [Penurious (person]
• [Oxe's Eating (place]
• sp. through Cold]
• Fen — [Eve- [...] .] Ex. II. 2. A.
• — not-capital. RJ. IV.
• As the Bowels, [Sound through wind enclosed.]
• Mag. III. 1. O.
• [adj. a. Bend]
• [adj. p. crooked (make]
• [Hook (make]
• — of Bird, [first Stomach—]
• — of Corn, [adj. p. Heap (aggr.)—]
• Figure or Site.
• [Transverse] Mag. II. 8. D.
• — cloth, [adj. Transverse fore­head (vest.]
• to — a River, [To go over a River.]
• Decussated. Mag. IV. 4. A.
• sp. adj. Cross (fig.]
• to—himself, [To a. Cross (sign) upon—]
• — bow. RM. V. 4. A.
• — way, [adj. Cross-way]
• [Contentious]
• [Disobedient]
• to — [Frustrate.]
• sp. with transverse line.]
• [Hook (dim.]
• [adj. Music Letter]
• [Invention (corr.]
• [a. Craft (dim.]
• [Stoop] AC. VI. 4.
• sp. Adoration (sign.]
• Throng, [Togeth [...] r-thrusted (aggr.]
• — 's foot. HF. IX. 4.
• [a. Cock (voice]
• [a. Triumph (voice]
• [a. Boast (corr.]
• — of the head, [Top—]
• — imperial. HL. IV. 1.
• Mony, [5 shillings (aggr.]
• — of bread, [adj. Inside (part)—]
• — foot, [Shrunk—]
• — shoulder, [Prominent—]
• [Hinder stay of Saddle]
• [adj. Rump (armam.]
• to — [a. Scout.]
• sp. for Booty.]
• sp. by Compression.]
• — of Shel-fish. PP. IV. 2. A.
• — of Bread, [Out-side—] sp. Hard.]
• [fig. T] Mag. IV. 4.
• Staff of lame (person]
• [Beginning (sign]
• [Foot (armam.) for Ox]
• Bear (young.]
• Limb. PG. V. 2.
• Measure, [Length from El­bow to fingers top.]
• — flower. HS. IV. 15. A.
• chew the — [Again-masticate, adj. p. pret. Swallowed (thing.]
• [Club (dim.]
• [Cudgelling (instr.]
• — ing. RJ. VI. 2. A.
• to — [Strike with folded hand.]
• [a. Burthen]
• [a. Trouble]
• [a. Hinder]
• — bearer. [adj. Cup (Off.]
• — of a flower. PP. II. 8.
• to — Mo. IV. 7. A.
• adj. Parish Priest]
• Subordinate Priest]
• Instead- Priest]
• [Cohibiting (part) of Bridle]
• to — [Cohibit]
• — of Souls, [Officership for Souls.]
• [Page] [Perfection]
• [Excellence]
• [Beauty (augm.]
• op. to Science. Ha. VI. 1. E.
• [Niceness] Man. II. 6. E.
• [Adj. Custom] RC. IV. 1. A.
• [Common] TM. IV. 6. A.
• [Ordinary] TM. V. 3.
• Year — [—present]
• sp. Horse.]
• — combe, [adj. Combing (inst.) for Horse.]
• [Prepare Leather.]
• [Fawn for—]
• [Endeavour (corr.] for—]
• Action of God. AS. I. 3. O.
• [Excommunicate]
• [Imprecate]
• [Execrable]
• [Fierce] NP. IV. 4. O.
• [Angry] Man. I. 9. D.
• sp. about Bed.]
• [Off-cut Tail]
• [adj. a. Brevity]
• [Imprisonment]
• [Tribute upon Merchandize.]
• In buying or selling. RO. IV. 6.
• sp. by edged (thing) inter­pos'd.
• water — [Furrow for—]
• horse—s [-wounds him­self.]
• [Un—a. Testicle]
• Parts excrementitious.
• Plain or Line, [a. Interse­ction.]
• Room, [a. Partition]
• — a caper, [Leap with Leggs trembling (like.]
• [Acrimonious.]
• [a. Grief (augm]
• [a. Anger (augm]
• Estate, [a. Fraud.]
• [Excommunicate.]
• — purse, [Thief]
• [Sword (mech.]
• [Fabrile (mech) of cutting (instr]
• [Swaggerer]
• Lesser — Ex. IX. 2. A.
• — of Sun, [Revolution of 28 years, in which the Do­minical Letter returns to be the same.]
• — of Moon, [Revolution of 19 years, in which the same Lunations return.]
• [adj. Dog (like.]
• sp. the Margin.]
• holy — [adj. Festivity.]
• to — [In this—]
• Time of Light. Mea. V. 6. [...]
• — break, [Day (inc.]
• — time, [Day (time.]
• [Victory] RM. II. 1. E.
• — s, [Sustenance extraordina­ry.] Pr. II.
• [adj. Milk (kind.]
• [adj. Milk (room.]
• [Playing] O. O.
• [a. Fondness] Man. VI. 7. O.
• [a. Wanton] NP. IV. 3. O.
• [Protract] TA. III. 5. O.
• [Parent (fem.]
• Impedient ridge]
• adj. Stay (make ridge]
• adj. a. Impedi­ent
• adj. Noble fem.]
• adj Gentle fem.]
• Mistris, [Master ( [...] em.]
• to — [a. Damascus (manner.]
• as God—Ha. I. 4. O.
• as man—[Condemn.]
• [Page] — fiery. El. I. 7.
• — watery. El. II. 5. A.
• Adj. [Moist] Q. V. 2. (dim.)
• Fish [Dase] Fi. IX. 10.
• [adj. Fortitude]
• [adj. Bold] AS. V. 8.
• — not, [Fear▪]
• [Challenge] RM. I. 2.
• — larks, [a. Fear (make.]
• to the Sight. Q. I. 1. D.
• to the Understanding. D. III. 9. O.
• Meteor. El. I. 4. A.
• sp. Fluid against hard.]
• or Hard against fluid.]
• [Cast] Mo. VI. 2.
• [Write (imp.]
• sp. with worse.]
• [Scatter parts (dim.]
• Fruit. Tr. II. 4. A.
• Husband's Daughter]
• [Sons Wife]
• [Fear (make]
• [Discourage]
• [Plastering]
• [Defiling by Smearing]
• great — HF. III. 3.
• blew — HF.II. 14.
• [adj. pret. Dying]
• — pay, [pay of the Dead.]
• [Not-adj. living]
• [extasied] sp. with fear.]
• — asleep [Dead (like) through
• Drunkenness]
• Vigor, [Dull]
• Strength, [Weak.]
• Transcendent, [Remiss.]
• — water, [adj. Pool—]
• — of the night, [Quiet (time)—]
• Taste Q. IV. 6. O·
• Smell Q. IV. 6. O·
• — cole, [Unfired—]
• — wall, [adj. Yielding Q. VI. 1.—]
• — nettle, [Archangel]
• (adj. Dying (make]
• [Not-adj. p. end (pot.) until death]
• [a. Conversation]
• [a. Business] sp. (merc.]
• — between, [a. Mediator.]
• distribute, [Give (segr.]
• [Fir board]
• [Chief of Bishop's Assessors]
• [College (Off.]
• [adj. p. Love (augm.]
• [adj. Price (augm.]
• [adj. a. Die (make]
• [a. Punishment capital]
• [Cessation]
• [a, Dispute]
• Riotousness
• [adj. Temper. NP. II. (perf.]
• [a. Error (make]
• sp. ones Expectation]
• [a. Sentence]
• interpret obscure Chara­cters.]
• Explain obscure Chara­cters.]
• read obscure Chara­cters.]
• [Un-conceal]
• to — [a. Ornate (make.]
• [Interpret]
• [a. Manifest]
• [a. Public]
• — for, [Own publicly.]
• [a. Diverge]
• — ing Dial, [Erect Plain whose Surface is not situa­ted toward North or South.]
• — ing age. Mea. VI. 3. A.
• — a Noune, [a. Declension.]
• sp. Downward verging]
• sp. Infusion]
• [Sentence▪]
• [Diminution]
• — age. Mea. VI. 4. A.
• As to God, [Consecrate.] RE, V. 1.
• in very — [Truly]
• [Writing] RC. VI. 5.
• [a. Opinion]
• as the whole.
• the — [Sea]
• Six — [Six in file]
• [adj. Inward]
• — colour, [Dark (dim.)—]
• — Sound. Q. III. 1. D.
• [adj. under]
• [adj. bottom]
• — sleep, [Sleep (int.]
• fallow — Be. II. 4.
• red — Be. II. 3.
• [Un-a▪ Figure]
• [a. Deform]
• [adj. Infamy (make]
• [a. Calumny]
• — of appearance, [Not appear­ance.]
• [Frustration]
• [Overthrow]
• [a. Pure (make]
• [Un-worst part.]
• [Apostasie]
• [Rebellion]
• Oppose. RM. I. 1. O.
• Protection. RO. VI. 5.
• [a. Prisoner] RJ. I. 3. O.-
• [a. Defendent] RJ I. 4. O.
• [a. Advocate] RJ. I. 7.
• — arms. RM. V. 1. A.
• [a. Late (make]
• —before Action, [Respite]
• —in Action, [Protract.]
• [adj. Vice (make]
• [a. Unchast]
• [a. Definition]
• [adj. a. Sentence]
• [adj. Finishing]
• [Distilling]
• [Not-ancestor (like]
• —in University, [Graduate (thing]
• Measure. Mea. I. 9.
• [Down-cast]
• [a. Sorrow]
• [a. Despair]
• disposition, [Cunctation]
• —in Action [Protract]
• [adj. p. Substitute (person]
• [Considerateness] Ha. IV. 1.
• [Slowness] NP. V. 9. O.
• [Considerately]
• [adj. a. Delight (apt.]
• [adj. Pr. II.]
• Tender, [adj. NP. IV. 7. O.]
• [Over-neat] Man. II. 6. E.
• — s, [adj. Pr. II. (thing]
• Delectation
• sp. by Lines]
• [Dotage] NP. II. 2. O.
• [Frenzy] S. IV. 1.
• Possession of
• from one person to ano­ther.]
• —things. TA. IV. 13.
• as Intrusting, [Deposite]
• as Paying, [Pay]
• as Disclaiming, [Resign]
• Fact, [Narration]
• Doctrin, [a. Teacher]
• —immediately.
• —by Mouth, [Speak]
• —by Pen [Write.]
• —mediately, [Tradition] RE. VI. 1. A.
• —from better to worse]
• [Dereliction] AS. I. 5. O.
• Involuntary, [Yielding]
• Voluntary, [Betraying]
• —from worse to better]
• [a. Escape]
• [Un-captivate]
• [Un-imprison]
• [a. Parturition]
• to be—ed, [Parturition]
• Eternal, [Redemption.] AS. I. 7.
• —to know, [a. Question.]
• —as Price. RC. VI. 2. A.
• [Land which the Lord of the Mannor uses.]
• [Worthy (abstr.]
• [a. Certain by Argument]
• Hesitate. AS. IV. 3. O.
• for considering]
• before answer­ing.]
• Lion's &c.— [Lion's &c. (house]
• self — Ha. V. 3.
• Corporati­on]
• sp. Powder.]
• Op. to Absolute. TM. IV. 3. O.
• Op. to Patron. RO. III. 5. O.
• [adj. a. Grief (apt]
• [adj. Misery (augm.]
• [Sorrow (aug.) for]
• [Shew sorrow (aug.] for]
• [a. Privative]
• —from Dignity, [Degrade]
• —from Office, [Incapacitate]
• —from Orders, [Deprive]
• [Swear] sp. before Magistrate]
• [Un-a. valor]
• [Diminish the worth]
• Down-forcing. O. I. 1. O.
• [Shallowness] TM. II. 3. O.
• —of Possession, [Un-pos­sess.]
• —of orders. RE. V. 2. O.
• [a. Pureness]
• a. Sediment]
• [Abandoning] TA. II. 2. O.
• —to Evil. AS. I. 5. O.
• [From-take]
• Reputation]
• as of Ground, [Down-obli­quity.]
• [Descendent. RO. I. 1. O (abstr.]
• [Extraction]
• [See (inc.]
• sp. From far.]
• [adj. p. Earn (thing.]
• [Not-inhabited]
• [Not-inhabitable country]
• [Banket] Pr. II. 1. A.
• to — [Forsake]
• [a. Worthy]
• Internal. TA. III. 1.
• External [Appoint]
• In Affection. AS. V. 5.
• In Words. [Intreat] RO. V. 3.
• [Supporting (jug.) for Book]
• [Box to write upon]
• [Solitary (augm.]
• [adj. Grief (augm.]
• Affection. AS. V. 8. O.
• Sin. Ha. V. 5. O.
• [adj. p. Despair.]
• [Rash (augm.]
• [adj. p. Contempt (apt]
• [Malignity]
• [Done (thing) for to anger one.]
• [a. Purpose]
• [adj. Defect]
• [adj. p. Forsake]
• Action of God. AS. I. 4. A.
• — unjustly. RJ. IV. 3. A.
• [Stay (make]
• —the Liberty of the Will. AS. IV. 8. O.
• —by ones own [a. Purpose] AS. IV. 3.
• —by anothers [Sentence] RJ. II. 5. A.
• [Page] [Loath (augm.]
• [Hate (augm.]
• sp. From Reputation.]
• [Under-say] Man. IV. 1. D.
• [Diminishing]
• [Destruction]
• un-a. clothe]
• a. privativeness]
• — 's bit. HF. II. 13. A.
• — 's dirt, [adj. Vitriol earth]
• — 's milk, [Spurge.] HS. V. 2.
• By Will, [Bequeath]
• [Stratagem]
• [Endeavour]
• [Successive to— Putting]
• [Final to— Ition]
• [adj. p. Vow]
• [Consecrated]
• [adj. Zeal]
• [Worship (hab.]
• [a. Ravenous. NP. IV. 5. O.]
• [a. Glutton]
• — claw, [adj. Heel-claw.]
• — grass, [Grass (kinde) a. Seed (apt) millet (like]
• — lap, [Loose skin of the neck.]
• [Art. (perf.]
• [v. Death▪] vid. Death.
• a. Colour. O. V. 3. A.
• a — [adj. Dicing▪ (instr.]
• sp. By shadow.]
• Discourse al­tern.]
• Conference al­tern.]
• Stone. St. IV. 1.
• sp. of not-right Angles.]
• to play at — Mo. V. 1. A.
• [adj. Dying [art.]
• — 's weed. HF. I. 11.
• [Regulated victual (manner]
• [Council] RJ. III. 5. A.
• Proper. T. IV.
• [Diversity] T. III.
• [Distinction]
• [Partiality]
• Natural. AC. I. 5. A.
• Chymic. O. VI. 5.
• [Inch (like]
• [Worthiness] T. IV. 6.
• High degree. Ha. II. 5.
• [Suffer to decay▪]
• [a. Breadth]
• [a. Ampliation]
• Double — Ha. IV. 5. E.
• [Blind (dim.]
• op. to brightness. Q. I. 3. O
• [a. Measure.]
• [a. Little▪ TM. I. 1. D.]
• [v. Remission. TM. I. 8. D.]
• [a. Few. TM. III. 1. D.]
• [More- a. little. T. I. 7. D.]
• [More- a. remiss]
• [More- a. few]
• [Furrow (dim.]
• [Dent (dim.]
• [into- adj. a. Water.]
• [under- adj. a. Water.]
• [Straight] Ma. III. 1.
• Upright. Ma. II. 8. E.
• to — RO. VI. 1.
• [Un-a. able (make.]
• [a. Impotence]
• [a. Weakness]
• [Incapacitate]
• [Un- a. wrong (make]
• [Hindrance]
• [Unpeaceable]
• [Annihilate]
• [Un-appoint]
• [Frustrate]
• [Un-armour]
• [Take away Arms]
• [Out-put Cards]
• See the dif­ference]
• Seen (make the dif­ference]
• [a. Difference]
• — a Gun, [Un- adj. p. ammu­nition (make)—]
• [a. Immunity]
• [a. Innocent]
• [a. Teacher]
• Church — RE. V.
• [Correction]
• [Reveal] AS. I. 6.
• [Open] O. II. 4. O.
• [Inconvenience]
• [adj. Discomfort]
• [Not-content]
• [adj. Anxiety]
• [Leave for some while.]
• [Un- a. custom]
• — Quantity. TM. III.
• — in Place, Here and there. Sp. II. 7. O.
• — in Time, Now and then. Sp. I. 7. O.
• [Not-congruity]
• — in Music. Q III. 8. O.
• [a. Unpeaceableness]
• [Perceive (inc.]
• Elements of — D. I.
• Words — D. II.
• Grammatical. D. III.
• Logical. D. IV.
• Mixed. D. V.
• Modes of —D. VI.
• [a. Courtesie. Man. IV. 7. O.]
• [a. Malignity. AS. V. 2. O.]
• [Disbelieve]
• [Prudent] Ha. VI. 2.
• [Grave] Man. IV. 6.
• [Sober] Ha. III. 3.
• at the—of, [To be disposed according to the will of]
• [a. Distinction]
• [Off— shake]
• [Apart— shake]
• sp. by Disputing.]
• [a. Disease]
• [Un-oblige]
• [Un-entangle]
• [a. Figure (corr.]
• [a. Deformity]
• Chafing — [adj. Table (vess.) for Fire.]
• — Clout, Linen for cleansing Dishes.]
• — washer, [Wagtail.] Bi. III. 8. A.
• — of meat, (Meat (aggr.] sp. dished]
• sp. Hairs.]
• [adj. Vice]
• [Disrespect]
• Go out of Ship.]
• Take out of Ship.]
• [Displicence]
• [Place (corr.]
• [Separate Member from Mem­ber.]
• [Send away]
• [Permit to depart]
• [Un-a. ride]
• [Un-a. jugament]
• [Un-a. oblige]
• [Un-a. friend]
• [Confusion]
• [Un-a. Series]
• [Irregularity]
• [a. Infamy]
• Hasten. TA. III. 5.
• a. Free (make
• [a. Segregate
• a. Proportion
• [Give adv. Pro­portion▪]
• [a. Segregate adv. Pro­portion▪]
• Relax from Law. RC. IV. 8.
• Licence. RC. IV. 8. A.
• adj. displicent (thing]
• adj. hurt (thing]
• — of the Mind. NP. IV.
• resp. Individ. NP. V.
• resp. Species. NP. VI.
• [Inclination] AS. IV. 1.
• [Habit] (inc.) Ha. A.
• Action.] T. I. 7.
• a. Authority]
• a. Efficient]
• [a. Segregate]
• [a. Series]
• [adj. Hurtful (thing]
• [Proportion (corr.]
• [Unequality]
• [Against-prove]
• sp. by Argument.]
• [Un-a. rank]
• [Un-a. Order]
• [Not- Satisfie]
• [Un- Satisfie]
• [Separate by cutting]
• [Cut (segr.]
• [Service (corr.]
• [Impedient (thing]
• a. Loose] Q. VI. 6. D.
• [a. Fluid] Q. V. 5. D.
• Melt. O. VI. 2.
• [Un-convention]
• sp. in sound.]
• — of time. Sp. I. 2. O.
• — of place. Sp. II. 2. O.
• [Tast (corr.]
• [Aversation]
• [Temper (corr.]
• Sickliness. S. I. 4.
• Rheum, [Disease of dropping (dim.]
• Chymic. O. VI. 6.
• [adj. p. distinction (perf.]
• [Differenced]
• [Separated]
• [Ordered (perf.]
• [a. Period]
• [a. Order (perf.]
• [a. Plain.]
• sp. (segr.]
• [a. Place (corr.]
• [Pull several waies]
• [a. Waver (make]
• [Adversity]
• [Trouble (aug.]
• [Goods arrested]
• [Give (segr.]
• [Deliver (segr.]
• [a. Division]
• [a. Partition.
• [a. Kind (segr.]
• [a. Part (segr.]
• [Government (place]
• In the Judgment. AS. III. 4. O.
• In the Affection, [Diffidence]
• [Molest] TA. V. 9. O.
• bastard — [Fraxinella] HS. I. 1. A.
• [Straddle (make]
• dunn — Bi. IX. 8. A.
• Various. T. III.
• Manifold, [Many (kind]
• [Unlike]. TM. V. 1. O.
• [Light] adj. Ha. IV. 7. D.
• [Morose] adj. Man. IV. 7. D.
• [Digression]
• [Recreation]
• a — [adj. RC. II. 1. person]
• — 's profession. RC. II. 1.
• [Wizarding,] RJ. III. 1. A.
• [Conjecturing] AS. II. 7.
• [God. (abst.]
• [RC. II. 1. (Science]
• Exactly. D. IV. 4.
• Not exactly. D. IV. 4. A.
• [Un-a. Society]
• [a. Separation]
• [a. Distance]
• In Arithmetic, [a. Divisor.]
• In Music, [a. Paraphrase tune]
• a — [adj. Narration (thing) of News]
• [adj. Learn (apt.]
• [adj. Sagacity]
• [Haven (dim.]
• [adj. Building (place) for Ships.]
• In the posteriors, [Dent—]
• [Off-cut the Tail]
• great. — HL. VI. 2.
• little — HL. VI. 2. A.
• sp. in Health.]
• [a. Business with]
• [a. Commerce with]
• a — [Deer (fem.]
• Preparation
• — 's bane. HS. IV. 14.
• upright — HS. IV. 8.
• — berrry. Sh. II. 4.
• — 's grass. HL. III. 5. A.
• — 's tongue. HL. IX. 4. A.
• — 's tooth. HL. V. 2.
• [Andiron] [Supporting (jug.) for fuel]
• to — [Follow privately]
• Greater. Fi. I. 6.
• Lesser. Fi. I. 6. A.
• [Star call'd the—]
• [Star (aggr.] call'd, &c.]
• — daies, [Daies in which the Sun rises with the Dog-star.]
• — full, adj. Grief]
• [adj. House]
• adj. Family. RO. III. 5. O.
• [Authority]
• Finishing.]
• — keeper, [Guard at door]
• within—s [Within the house]
• without—s. [Without the house]
• sp. of Medicine]
• — on, [a. Love (exc.]
• — diligence. Ha. IV. 5. E.
• — leaf, [Twy-blade.]
• — tongue, [Horse tongue.]
• — tongue, Hypocrisie.]
• as Hare, [Back-goe in the same way.]
• [Close (vest) for upper part of the trunk.]
• [Counterfeit gem]
• — full, [adj. p. Doubt (apt.]
• — less, [adv. Certain]
• Ring — Bi. III. 1. A.
• Stock — Bi. III. 2.
• [Bread not baked]
• — baked, [Scarce baked]
• [adj. p. Future bread]
• [Downward vergent]
• Underside.]
• Bear — [Down b.]
• Break — [Down b.]
• Go — [Down g.]
• Pull — [Down p.]
• Sit — [Sit]
• [adj. Perpendicular]
• [adj. Sincere]
• — Stream [With the Stream.]
• [Sheep pasture]
• Moss of Hair. PP. VI. 2. A.
• [Wicked Woman.]
• [Unchast Woman.]
• [Meat for Swine]
• [Worst part]
• [adj. a. Defilement (thing]
• — net. [Net (instr.) for fishing, adj. p. draw (apt.]
• — fly, Ex. IV. 7.
• — tree. Tr. III. 8. A.
• — wort. HL. V. 9.
• — 's bloud.
• [Juice of—Tree]
• biting — [Tarragon.]
• Snap — HS. VIII. 6.
• Fire — El. I. 4.
• — 's head, [Intersection point of Ecliptic by Planet toward adj. a. North.]
• — 's tail, [Intersection point of Ecliptic by Planet toward adj. a. South.]
• to — [Un- a. water]
• Bird, [Duck (male.]
• Gun, [Least Ordnance.]
• [Drawn (thing]
• Ships — [Depth of Ship un­der water.]
• Jakes, [Dunging (room]
• game of—s. Mo. V. 3. A.
• toward it self.
• Pull] O. I. 4.
• — cart [Lead pulling—]
• — net [Lead pulling—]
• — bridge, [Lift by pulling.]
• — plants, [Un a. root, &c.]
• Ship—s, [—is deep in the water.]
• Take into it self.
• [Breathe] Mo. III. 2.
• [Suck up breath] AS. IV. 6. D.
• — after, [Hunt by Smell.]
• [Suck] Mo. III. 3. O.
• [Drink] AS. II. 2. O.
• it's place.
• — blood, [a. Bleed]
• — lots, [a. Lot.]
• — mony. out-take—]
• — purse out-take—]
• — sword, [Un-sheath.]
• — tooth, [Out-pull.]
• [a. Exhalation]
• — mony [Tell—]
• — a Picture.
• — writing, [a. Wri­ting.]
• — up writing, [a. Wri­ting.]
• — dry, [Empt. (perf.]
• — fowl, [Un-a. gutt]
• — bloud, [a. Bleed.]
• [Retreat (inc.]
• [Apostasie (inc.]
• — near [near (inc.]
• — on [near (inc.]
• — to an issue, [Finish (inc.]
• [adj. Drawing (person]
• [Box (dim.) to be out-pull'd and in-thrust]
• sp. (augm.)
• mdash; ing. AC. II. 4. A.
• [Worst part] TM. VI. 1. O.
• [Sediment] TM. VI. 3. O.
• [Medicinal drink]
• [Drink (make) by pouring into the mouth]
• a. Butchery
• A [...] id. adj. Q. V. 2. D.
• [Thirsty] adj. AC. II. 2.
• [Penurious] adj. Man. III. 3. E.
• [Reserv'd] adj. Man. IV. 4. D·
• [adv. concealed [...] . Urbani­ty.]
• [Sum (dim.]
• [Part (dim.]
• — of Snow [Heap of —toge­ther blown]
• go a — [Be driven]
• [Baboon] Be. III. 1.
• a — [Refection]
• [adj. basting (thing]
• sp. with knocking]
• — away, [From—]
• — back, [a. Retire (make]
• — bees, [a Move B.]
• — out, [Out—]
• sp. when the Anchor lets —go.]
• [Coaction] AS. IV. 9. O.
• — off, [Protract.]
• Metonym. [Scatter]
• to — Let go the Spittle out of ones mouth.]
• [a. Operation (augm.]
• [Servant, adj. a. operation (aug.]
• [Bee (male]
• [Idle (person]
• [p. Discouragement (inc.]
• water — HF. V. 14.
• sp. of Metal]
• sp. of Cattel.]
• Kill. RJ. V. 7.
• [Cover with water]
• sp. Servant.]
• [adj. O. VI. A. (thing]
• [adj. Sorry (thing.]
• — of the Ear, [Drum (like.]
• — mer. RM. III. 3.
• — ard, [adj. Drunkenness (person.]
• — enness. Man. II. 3. D.
• [adj. Debtor (thing]
• sp. with Fist.]
• — 's meat. HL. I. 10.
• [Bow the head] as Duck.
• [Congee (augm.]
• — and Drake [Reflect (freq) from the Water.]
• [adj. p. figure (apt.) by ham­mering.]
• [adj. p. Persuade (apt.]
• [Indignation]
• [Root of Box.]
• — dagger, [Short Sword whose handle is of the root of Box.]
• Sprightly. NP. IV. 2. O.
• Strenuous [Lazy]
• Nimble [Lumpish]
• Swift [Slow]
• Op. to Sagacity. Ha. III. 1. O, Blunt, [Not adj. a. Cut (apt.]
• [Mute] AC. III. 1. O.
• [Not-speaking]
• [Meditation (int.]
• [Anxiety (imp.]
• [Grief (imp.]
• to — [Come and demand (freq.]
• — down, [Cat's tail.]
• — fly. Ex. IV. 4. A.
• to — Mo. IV. 9. A.
• — land, [Manure with Dung]
• — ing my stay, [While I stay]
• [adj. Durt.]
• Earth. El. IV. 1.
• [Powder] TM. VI. 4. A.
• Pin — [Powder of filed pins]
• Saw — [Powder of sawed (thing]
• sp. (person.]
• — elder, [Danes-wort.]
• — other, [Every one recipro­cally.]
• [Fierce] Ha. III. 4. D.
• [Desirous (int.]
• [Hungry] AC. II. 1.
• [Acid] Q. IV. 4.
• sp. as Sheep]
• [Hear (end.]
• [Observe (end.]
• —of Pot, [adj. Hand (part.]
• —of Plant. PP. II. 4. A.
• as Corn, [To grow up to an Ear.]
• — land, [a. Arable.]
• Sea — Ex. VII. 8.
• [adj. Morning Mea. V. 7.]
• in — [Truly.]
• Globe of—W. II. 7.
• Element of—El. IV.
• — nut. HF. V. 10.
• — quake. El. II. 5.
• — worm. Ex. I. 1.
• to — [into-a. Earth]
• [Indolence]
• [a. Indolence]
• [adj. Dunging (place]
• [adj. Easiness]
• — to &c. [adj. &c. (apt.]
• Facility. T. V. 4.
• [Plainness] D. III. 9.
• [Credulity]
• — to, &c. [&c. (apt.]
• Feed. AC. II. 1. A.
• [Corr [...] de] O. VI. 3.
• — dropper, [Concealed (per­son) hearing (end]
• [Down-tide]
• — Relation. RE.
• — Officers. RE. II.
• — Discipline. RE. V.
• — Institutions. RE. VI.
• [Margin] Sp. III. 4. O.
• [Ridge] Mag. V. 6.
• Set ones teeth on — [Stu­pifie—]
• — wise, [adv. Side.]
• [a. Building]
• [a. Bettering]
• — words. RO. V.
• — deeds. RO. VI.
• sand — Fi. VI. 4. A.
• — pout Fi. VI. 6. A.
• to this — [—end]
• of no — [adj. Frustrate]
• to — [Efficient.]
• to take — [Event (perf.]
• [Tender] NP. IV. 7. O.
• [Nice] Man. II. 6. E.
• [Out — pouring]
• [Forth— pouring]
• with Egge, [Impregnated with Egge.]
• to — [a. Impulsive]
• [Going out]
• sp. Sudden.]
• [Un-&c.]
• — hundred, &c.
• [Any of the two]
• [Lengthen by Ad­dition.]
• Enlarge by Ad­dition.]
• [Fore-father]
• water — Sh. II. 12. A.
• —to do. AS. IV. 5.
• —to Office, &c. RC. IV. 2.
• [Ornateness]
• [Principles]
• — of Discourse. D. I.
• — ion of the Pole.
• sp. adj. Chymic.]
• [Speaking Man­ner.]
• sp. Artificial.]
• Perswasive­ly.]
• [adv. Other]
• — where, [In other place.]
• sp. Into Ship.]
• [adj. Ordination (time.]
• sp. Moral.]
• [Repairing]
• [adj. Event]
• [adj. p. Occasion]
• Stone. St. IV. 4.
• [Vein in the Fundament]
• — s [Tumors about those veins.—]
• [Sent (person]
• [King (place]
• [King (abstr.]
• [a. Business TA. III.]
• [Use. TA. V. 6.]
• [a. Oblique]
• [a. Vergency]
• [adj. p Disposition] AS. IV. 1.
• [a. Enclosing]
• [Page] [Fence]
• [adj. a. Praise Oration.]
• [Assault mutual]
• [Hinder sp. with confused multitude.]
• [Trouble sp. with confused multitude.]
• Cause. T. II. 6.
• to the—that. Conj. III. 1.
• [a. Loss (make]
• sp. Writing.] AC. III. 6. A.
• sp. by Writing] RJ. II. 3. A.
• [v. Passion]
• cannot — [a. Aversation]
• Last, [a. Duration.]
• [Deposit] RC. V. 1. A.
• [a. Heat (exc.]
• [a. Obligation]
• [a. Sponsion]
• [a. Morgage]
• [a. Debtor (make]
• [p. Business (make]
• — writing, [Write (perf.]
• — commodities.
• [Appropriate] TA. I. 2.
• sp. the price.]
• Fruition. TA. V. 7.
• [Possession]
• [Ampliation] D. IV. 2. O.
• [More-a. large (make]
• [Increase] TM. I. 7. E.
• [Wrong (int.]
• [Vice (abstr.]
• [Crime (augm.]
• — and to spare, [Abundance.]
• [a. Catalog.]
• [a. Register.]
• Colours. RM. III. 2.
• [Intangle by craft]
• [Take by Stratagem]
• sp. in Seat.]
• [Begin] TA. III. 3.
• [a. Teacher (inc.]
• — in a book, [Write—]
• — into bond, [adj. p. bond.]
• [Possession (inc.]
• sp. with Heels or Ankles.]
• [Between-put]
• [Stratifie]
• Treat. AC. V. 2. A.
• sp. in King (place.]
• [Whole] NP. V. 1.
• [adj. Integrity. Ha. IV.6.]
• [p. Right (make]
• sp. in Machin.]
• Pray. RO. V. 3.
• [Entertain] AC. V. 2. A.
• [a. Ditch (make]
• [Entring (place]
• —into house, &c. Po. III. 3. A.
• [Instead-p-right (make]
• sp. Whose Center is within the Circumference of a­nother Circle..
• Relation of—s. RO. IV.
• Coming off upon—terms. RM. II. 1.
• [Content] Ha. I. 3.
• — time, [Time of equal night and day]
• — Circle, [Equator]
• — long, [Future (dim.]
• [At some time] Sp. I. 8.
• Lately, [adv. past (dim.]
• Rather then]
• [a. Direct. Ma. II. 8. E.]
• [a. Build. Po. II.]
• Vmbelliferous — HF. IV. 12. A.
• Beast, [Stoate] Be. IV. 7.
• Fur, [Fur of Ermin]
• [Sent (thing) sp. entrusted.]
• Avoid being taken. RM. II.6.
• [Pass not observed]
• confiscation]
• [Being (abstr.]
• [Best part extracted by Di­stillation.]
• [adj. Being]
• [adj. Importance]
• [Excuse for not appearing.]
• [adj. Steddy make]
• [Condition]
• [Possession.]
• Value. AS. II. 8.
• [Move vehemently.]
• [Derivation of words]
• [Derivation (art.]
• sp. before Festival]
• Quitts; [Having compensa­ted]
• [Plain] Q. VI. 2.
• — as, [As.] adv. I. 3.
• [Adv. past (dim.]
• [Effect] T. II. O.
• — of War. RM. II.
• for — [adj. sp. I. 9.]
• Life—lasting, [Gnaphali­um.]
• Some times.
• [Frequently]
• [At times.] Sp. II. 8. O.
• or — [Before that]
• — one, Pron. III. 2.
• — where, [In every Place.]
• — whit, [adv. Total.]
• Adj. Manifest.
• [Plainness]
• [Writing.] RC. VI. 5.
• — at ease, [Not-indolent]
• King's — S. III. 3.
• sp. Plainly.]
• —tree. Tr. III. 6.
• —sheep [Sheep (fem.]
• [adj. Rigor.]
• [Page] [adj. Perfect]
• Unmercifully]
• The utmost]
• [a. Oppression]
• [a. Intension]
• [add Provocation]
• [More-angry (make]
• [Vex (endeavour]
• [Praise (augm.]
• [adj, a. Dignity (make]
• [Inquisition] AS. II. 2.
• [a. Question]
• Judicially. RJ. II. 4. A.
• as for — [e. g.] Conj. IV. 3. O.
• [Discourage (augm.]
• [v. Excess]
• [v. Excellent]
• [v. Superior]
• [v. Victory]
• — lent. TM. I. 4. E.
• [Exemption]
• —to rule. D. IV. 5. O.
• take — [Be displeased]
• Too-much. TM. I. 3. E.
• Vitious. Man. II. E.
• [Drunkenness]
• Bartering. RC. V. A.
• [Merchant's Convention (place.]
• [Exempt] TA. II. 4.
• [Out-purged (thing.]
• [adj. dunged (thing.]
• [Out-growing gibbous (thing]
• Fruit-like. PP. III. A.
• [Out-running]
• [Renounce with Cursing]
• —Capital. RJ. V.
• —not Capital. RJ. VI.
• — er, [adj. Execution (Off.]
• [Custom to doe]
• [a. Experience]
• [a. Motion]
• [a. Recreation]
• [Vapor] Met. II. 2. A.
• [Fume] Met. II. 3.
• [Represent]
• [Expediency] T. V. 6.
• sp. Actual.]
• [Stretching]
• [Spreading]
• an — [Means] T. II. 6. A.
• [Dispatching] TA. III. 5.
• sp. Military,]
• Habit. Ha. VI. 4.
• [a. Experience (end]
• [adj. p. Essay (thing.]
• [Satisfie for Guilt.]
• sp. by Sacrifice.]
• [Disapprove (augm.]
• [Reject disgracefully]
• [Action (augm.]
• [adj. p. Perform (thing.]
• sp. by Essay.]
• [adj. p. Danger (make]
• [Interpretation]
• [Ask accusingly]
• — ion, [Speech (manner.]
• [Adj. p. See (abstr.]
• Posture, [Stretch]
• [adj. a. Little.]
• [adj. a. Thin]
• [Excuse in part]
• [Praise (augm]
• — ion. RJ. IV. 5. A.
• [Out-bring]
• sp. by Chymic operation.]
• — ion [adj. Descendent (kind) RO. I. 1. O.]
• [Exorbitant]
• [Impertinent]
• [adj▪ Digression]
• op. to Middle. Sp. III. 3. O.
• Utmost. [Most-adj. great­ness.]
• [Rigid] Man. I. 1. E.
• [Defective]
• [End] Sp. III. 3. O.
• Member. PG. III. 2.
• blear-ed sore —ed
• goggle-ed prominent —ed
• pink-ed little (dim. —ed
• Apple of the — [adj. Black (thing) of the Ey.]
• — brow. PG. III. 6. A.
• — lid, [adj. a. Cover (thing) of the Ey.]
• — service, [Seeming (end.) to serve]
• — bright. HS. VIII. 7. A.
• [Loop.] Mag. V. 2. A.
• [adj. p. Fiction narration]
• make—s, [Change Face (manner]
• — as Person, &c. [Over against stand]
• — as Garment, Pr. IV. 9.
• impudently.]
• pertinaciously.]
• [Credulous]
• [Natural Power]
• [p. Transitoriness]
• [p. Frustrate] TA. V. 1. O.
• [Miscarry] TA. III. 7. O.
• Insolvent. TA. IV. 8. O.
• I would—have it, [I desire (augm.]
• — ing. S. V. 5.
• [Diffident]
• [Courtesie]
• [Affability]
• — way, [Not-durty—]
• — Weather, [Wea­ther not rainy.]
• — Weather, [Wea­ther not cloudy.]
• — wind, [Prosperous—]
• Mart, [Convention for Com­merce.]
• — ing, [Given (thing) at Fair.]
• —rational. Ha. III. 2.
• [adj. Fidelity.]
• [Perfidious]
• [Not-adj. Faith]
• Motion proper.
• Down-fall.]
• Navigate with the Stream.]
• sp. in Fight.]
• — off, [Go (imp.]
• — on, [Assault.]
• — Leeward. RN. VI. 6. D.
• — in hand with, [Begin.]
• — to ones meat, [Eat (inc.]
• sp. adj. Fortune.
• — in love with.
• — out, [Event.]
• — with one, [Un-friend.]
• — on knees. AC. VI. 6.
• — all along. AC. VI. 7.
• — on knees. AC. VI. 6. A.
• — all along. AC. VI. 7. A.
• — ing Star. El. I. 2. A.
• water—s, [a. More-low (inc.]
• wood—s, [w. adj. p. Felling]
• — of the Leaf, [Autumn.]
• Water—s, [p. Shallow.]
• Wind—s, [p. Diminish.]
• — ing Sickness, [Epilepsie] S. IV. 5. A.
• — ing back. [Again sick­ning.]
• to — [First plowing]
• — deer. Be. II. 4.
• [Trecherous]
• Praise (augm.]
• [oeconomic relation] RO.
• [Kin] RO. I.
• [Houshold][House (aggr.]
• [adj. Acquaintance]
• — Spirit, [—devil.]
• [Food (def.]
• [Want of food]
• — for Corn. [adj. winnowing (jug.]
• [Pretending Enthusiasms]
• [Fierceness in Religion (cor.]
• [adj. Fancy representation]
• [Irrational (imp.]
• sp. (corr.]
• Approbation]
• Delectation]
• [adj. Fancy (corr.]
• Indulging fancy.]
• Following fancy.]
• [Conceitedness]
• [Deep into]
• [Much day being past]
• as—as, [Until.]
• so—as, [So much as]
• [Mixture of into—thrusted (things.]
• [Pudding of mixt (things]
• [Scurril Comedy (corr.]
• sp. by p. tied.]
• Diet. Pr. I.
• — well [I. valediction.]
• sp. by Water.]
• [Wages for Carriage]
• [Tower for direction of Navi­gators.]
• take to — [Hiring]
• let to — [Demising]
• sp. of Swine.]
• By into-thrusting]
• — most. Sp. II. 2. D.
• sp. By look.]
• [Custom] sp. Common]
• sp. Commonly accustom­ed.]
• — and loose, Light. [adj. Ha. IV. 7. D.]
• [asleep (int.]
• [hold (int.]
• [tie (int.]
• Firm. Q. VI. 5.
• Religious. RE. IV. 5. O.
• [Fast (make]
• sp. through bogs.]
• —Constitution. NP. V. 5.
• —Tast or Smell. Q. IV. 2.
• [Vessel] vid. Vat.
• [adj. Fate (abstr.]
• [adj. a. Death.]
• —monk. RE. II. 7.
• — ly ▪ [adj. Father.]
• — less, [Un-fathered.]
• — in law, [Father by Affini­ty.]
• Foster — RO. III. 2.
• God — RO. III. 1.
• God the — G. I.
• [Defect (corr.]
• — capital. RJ. III.
• — not capital. RJ. IV.
• [a. Censoriousness]
• [Page] Desist timorously.] unfaithful­ly.]
• Omit timorously.] unfaithful­ly.]
• Forsake timorously.] unfaithful­ly.]
• [adj. Fault]
• [adj. Wrong]
• sp. Ornament.]
• sp. Riband.]
• Countenance.
• sp. By gesture.]
• [Buck. Be. II. 4. (young]
• [Fidelity (sign]
• for — [Left that]
• Timidity, [Fear apt.]
• Terribleness, [a. Fear (apt.]
• Oake — HL. I. 4. A.
• Thing. Pr. II. 1.
• Time, [Festival]
• [Fact [Done (thing]
• [Handsome (dim.]
• Single. PP. V. 1.
• Plume [Feathers (aggr.) for Ornament.]
• sp. Of face.]
• [adj. p. doe (pot.]
• [Revenue] sp. of Office.]
• Hereditary right]
• Absolute right]
• [Inheritance obnoxious to Rent.]
• — upon, [Be fed with.]
• — for, [For-search by—]
• fellow — [Compassion]
• — Feelers. PP.. IV. 4.
• [Feirce] NP. IV. 4. O.
• sp. With striking.]
• — trees, &c. O. III. 8. A.
• sp. With fleece.]
• — wort, [Gentian] HL. VII. 6.
• [adj. RO. IV. (person]
• The—of it, [The other con­gruous to it.]
• — worker, [Together—]
• — of Colledge, [Assessor of adj. Colledge (off.]
• [Sorry (person.]
• [Spoke.] Po. V. 7. A.
• [Fellow (abstr.]
• [Communion]
• [adj. Felony (person]
• [Apostem at the root of the nail]
• [adj. p. Feel]
• [Head (vest) woollen with broad margin]
• to — [a. Cloth (make) by kneading]
• Exercise. Mo. V. 6. A.
• Hogs — HF. V. 2.
• Gyant — HF. V. 3.
• Scorching — HF. V. 11. A.
• — flower. HS. V. 13. A.
• to — [Search (int.]
• — out, [Out-drive (int.]
• [Boat for travelling over Ri­ver]
• [Boating (place) over River.]
• [Hot (augm.]
• Stone, [Together-coagulated Gravel.]
• Metalline, [Ring (fig.) la­min.]
• Wood, [adj. Cudgelling (in­strum.) for hand]
• — breath, [In-take—]
• — out, [Cause to come out.]
• — up, [Overtake.]
• [Invention]
• [Craftied (thing]
• malignant — S. II. 3.
• — stick, [Bow for Music (instr.]
• [a. Music with instrument.]
• [a. Vanity]
• [Grounds.] Po. I. 2.
• Keep the — RM. II. 3.
• Win the — RM. II. 1. E.
• Quit the — RM. II. 3. D.
• Wilde, [adj. NP. IV. 4. O.]
• op. to Moderate, [adj. Ha. III. 4. D.]
• op. to Meek, [adj. Man. I. 9. D.]
• Indian — Tr. I. 9▪ A.
• — wort. HS. VIII. 5. A.
• Shape. Mag III. A.
• Rhetorical. D. III. 7. A.
• — ing. O. IV. 2. A.
• Instrument, [adj. filing (instr.]
• As of Souldiers. RM. IV. 4. A.
• sp. adj. Linen.]
• —of Pillar, [Square (part.]
• [adj. a. Defile (abstr.]
• [adj. Slovenliness (augm.]
• a—deal, [Much (corr.]
• Chaff — Bi. IV. 7.
• Bul — Bi. IV. 5.
• Green — Bi. IV. 6.
• Discover.] AS. II. 2. A.
• Invent.] AS. III. 2. A.
• Contrive.] AS. III. 7.
• [Discover by Essaying.]
• [a, Experience] Ha. VI. 4.
• — the Bill, [Approve the Bill.]
• [a▪ Censoriousness]
• [Obtein] TA. V. 1.
• [Maintein] RO. VI. 4.
• — force, [Simple. f.]
• [Pure] [adj. TM. V. 6.]
• Worst part.]
• — linen, [Thin (augm.)—]
• [Soft] [adj. Man. I. 8. D.]
• [Tender] [adj. NP. IV. 7. O.]
• [adj. a. Dainties (apt.]
• [adj. Ornateness]
• [Mulct] RJ. VI. 7,
• in — [In the End.]
• Fore — [Second—]
• Middle — [Third—]
• Ring — [Fourth—]
• Little — [Fifth—]
• at ones—'s end, [adv. Memory (perf.]
• light—'d, [adj. Theft (apt.]
• Ladies — HS. III. 4.
• Nice, [adj. Man. II. 6. E.]
• [Conceited. adj. Ha. III. O.]
• male — Tr. V. 5.
• female — Tr. V. 5. A.
• light — [adj. Flame—]
• wild — [Confection of Pow­der, adj. a. Fire (apt.]
• — drake. El. I. 4.
• licking — El. I. 6. A.
• St. Anthonie's—[Erysipe­las.]
• [Barrel (dim.]
• Fast, [adj. Q. VI. 5.]
• — land, [Continent.] W. III. 2.
• Constant, [adj. Ha. IV. 7.]
• [Starry heaven] W. II.
• [Ether] El. II. 1.
• In Number, [adj. Mea. II. 1.]
• In Dignity. [Principal.]
• — hook, [Hook for—]
• — monger, [adj. Fish (merc.]
• — pond. Po. I. 6.
• [Hunt Fish]
• [a. Confess (end]
• Contracted.]
• proportion'd]
• Opportune [adj. Time (perf.]
• a — T. VI. 6. A.
• — of sickness, [a. Sickness.]
• — of the mother. S. VI. 7.
• to — [a. Fit.]
• — with the like, [Compen­sate.]
• Fast, [adj. Q. VI. 6. E.]
• [Not adj. p. move (apt.]
• [Observing (int.]
• Figure. Mag. IV. 7. A.
• — flower, [Iris.]
• [Hang adv. limber]
• —of Animal. PG. IV. 5. A.
• to — [a. Side.]
• sp. with Lamin.]
• sp. Hanging.]
• flie — [Flap to drive away Flies.]
• Throat — Cover (thing) of the rough Artery.]
• — of fire, [Flame (imp.]
• — of water, [Stream (imp.]
• Waterish, [adj. Water (like.]
• [Page] [Fresh] Q. IV. 5. O.
• Discourse, [Light.] Man. IV. 6. D.
• [Box for Gunpowder.]
• [Carriage for Ordnance]
• [Plain] W. III. 1.
• [adj. Lamin]
• [Shallow] TM. II. 3. O.
• [Low] TM. II.4. O.
• [adj. Lying] AC. VI. 7. O.
• — foot. PP. V. 3. A.
• Absolute, [adj. T. I. 8. O.]
• [Sorry. TM. I. 4. D.]
• (place) in the Sea.]
• — in Music. Q. III. 5. D.
• [Assentation]
• — of wind, [Wind (imp.]
• — bane. HF. III. 9. A.
• — wort. HL. VII. 4▪ A.
• Sea — Ex. II. 2. A.
• to — [Un-skin.]
• Vid. Phlegm.
• [adj. Phlebotomy (instr.]
• to —[Un-fleece.]
• to — vid. Flit.
• a — Navy, [Ships (aggr.]
• [adj. Lust] AC. II. 5.
• [Having much Flesh]
• to—one, [Encourage.]
• [adj. pret. Flie]
• [adj. Q. V. 6.]
• [adj. p Persuade (apt.]
• As Bird. Mo. I. 2.
• As routed. RM. II. 3. D.
• [a. Squander]
• [Strike at]
• a — [Flying Insect]
• Crane — Ex. IV. 8.
• Dung — Ex. IV. 4. A.
• Flesh — Ex. IV. 4.
• Shepherd's — [Crane-fly.]
• Spanish — [Cantharides] Ex. V. 9.
• Catch — HS. V. 2. A.
• [Start] AC. IV. 5.
• intermit timorously
• forsake unfaithfully
• abandon cowardly
• — away, [Away-goe sudden­ly.]
• Kick, [Strike with the heel.]
• [Woman (corr.]
• [Transitory]
• sp. of a Hogg.]
• — mouse, [Bat.]
• bloody — [Disentery]
• — weed. HS. IV. 11.
• — together, [a. Convention]
• [Course part of—]
• [Curls of Fleece.]
• Flourishing]
• [adj. Flower]
• a — [Boat (like) of together tied timber.]
• [Water (exc.]
• [Inundation]
• [ [...] oor for floud]
• [ [...] ate to in-shut water]
• sp. of ground com.]
• our Ladie's —
• — de luce, [Iris]
• — bulbous. HL. IV. 6.
• — tuberous. HL. V. 3. A.
• [a. Powder] Pr. III. 7. A.
• a. Blossom. PP. II. 1.
• [a. Vigor.]
• a. Prosper]
• Discourse ornately]
• Prelude, [Preparatory
• — ing tide, [Upward-tide.]
• the—of a rabbet, [-Fleece—]
• [Waver] AS. IV. 4. O.
• [abounding]
• [adj. Discourse (apt.]
• [Abundance]
• [Blush (like]
• [Wholly of the same colour]
• sp. Musical.]
• [Shake (freq.) the wings.]
• [Streaming]
• sp. by Salivation.]
• — gy, [Fat (exc.]
• [Overthrow (dim.]
• Play at—s, [Fence with blunt Weapons.]
• [adv. Silent. Mo. IV. 2. A.]
• fraudulently.]
• forgingly.]
• Gally — [Predatory Ship (dim.]
• Pleit. O. V. 5.
• Sheep — [Sepiment for Sh.]
• sp. of Mare.]
• sp. Factitious.]
• [Person (kinde]
• [Man (aggr.]
• Go after. TA. VI. 6.
• Be diligent about]
• As consequent [p. Inference.]
• As Successor, [Succeed.]
• [a. Fotion]
• sp. In hot (remiss.]
• Indulgence. Man. VI. 7. D.
• Vainness] Man. IV. 6. O.
• [Folly] Ha. VI 2. D.
• [Feeding (thing]
• [Nourishing (thing]
• — hardy, [Rash.] Man. I. 7. E.
• natural — [adj. NP. I. 1. O.
• to—one, [a. Fraud.]
• to—with one, [a. Wanton­ness.]
• sp. over-adj. p. travel (pot.)
• —of Animal. PG. V. 6.
• [Ball for play by, & [...]
• — souldier. RM. III. 1.
• — stall, [adj. Foot (armam.]
• — step, [Foot (sign.]
• by — [By Foot (sign.]
• Crump—ed, [Shrunk—ed.]
• Flat—ed. PP. V. 3. A.
• Splay—ed, [Divergingly—· ed.]
• to—it, [Travel on his Feet.]
• —of Cup [Foot like—]
• —of Pillar [Foot like—]
• —of Length. Mea. I. 3.
• —of Verse [Verse part.]
• [a. Foot (place]
• T. IV. 5. O.
• M. IV. 6. O.
• [Folly] Ha. VI. 2. D.
• if it had not been — [Unless it had been—]
• as—me [—me]
• let him—me, [Let him— me.]
• op. to Against.]
• — a time, [adv. Transitory.]
• — ever, [adv. Ever.]
• — all that, [Notwithstanding] Conj. II.2. A.
• — fear, [Lest that.] Conj. III. 1. O.
• — as much as, [Whereas.] Conj. IV. 1.
• — Example, [e. g.] Conj. IV. 3. O.
• sp. for Horses.]
• [Goe forth to bring in Provisi­ons.]
• a. Patience]
• [Be it not that]
• Efficientness]
• Importance]
• of — [adv. Necessity]
• — s. RM. IV.
• [adv. Preventing]
• [Providence] Man. III. 2.
• [Before-conceived]
• [Meditated]
• Before judge.]
• Preventingly judge.]
• [Fore-part]
• Before— judge]
• Preventingly— judge]
• [First (per­son.]
• [Principal (per­son.]
• [a. Van-currier]
• [Fore-seeing]
• [Providence]
• [adj. cubit (vest]
• [Before-speak of]
• [Witch with words]
• Before— buy]
• Preventingly— buy]
• [a. Prophet]
• adj. a. pret.
• Fore-think.]
• sp. Above the Fore-head.]
• [un-adj. p. right]
• sp. Penally.]
• [Lose by confiscation]
• Fabricate. O. IV. 5.
• Falsifie. RJ. IV. 4. A.
• Feign, [adj. a. Fiction.]
• — fulness. NP. II. 3. O.
• As Crime. RJ. II. 2. O.
• As Debt. TA. IV. 9 O.
• Voluntarily, [Let go.] TA. I. 6. O.
• Begin to be so, [p. Dereliction.]
• Continue so, [Abandon.]
• Unvoluntarily, [Lose.]
• Instrument, [adj. Fork (instr.]
• pitch — [Preparing (instr.) of Hay.]
• [adj. p. Destruction]
• — hope. RM. IV. 6. A.
• set — [Determined expressi­on (manner.]
• Seat. Mag. V.8.
• —c [...] se. T. II. 7. A.
• [adj. Formality]
• [Form, (manner.]
• Vice. Man. IV. 6. E.
• [Preceding]
• — ly, [adv. Preceding (time.]
• — er. RO. IV. 3. O.
• — er, [adj. Forrest (Off.]
• As God, [Dereliction.]
• — the Right, [Abdicate.]
• —the Possession, [Forgo.]
• —his Religion, [Apostasie.]
• Truly. Adv. I. 2. O.
• Ironic. Int. I. 3.
• Against-swear]
• [Deny] with Oath.]
• [Renounce] with Oath.]
• [Swear false]
• Out of] Prep. IV. 2.
• [Without] Prep. IV. 2. A.
• [Forth-adj. p. bring (pot.]
• [Ready to be brought forth]
• — with, [Soon]
• Strengthen]
• [adj. a. RM. VI.]
• adj. Fortune (perf.]
• [adj. Prosperity]
• — teller, [Before-telling (per­son) of events]
• to — [adj. p. Event]
• adj. Forepart]
• adj. Alacrity]
• adj. Incline (augm.]
• adj. pret. Proceed]
• adj. a. Adjuvant]
• Proceed make]
• egg — [a. Impulsive.]
• Ition adj. a. fore­part]
• — father. RO. III. 2.
• — child. RO. III. 2. O.
• — brother, [Together-foster-child.]
• [adj. p. Defilement]
• [a. Foul (make]
• [Hunt Birds]
• adj. p. find]
• pret. find]
• [a. Foundation]
• [Cast] O. IV. 5.
• [a. Impotent in going (apt.]
• [Un-make adj. going (apt.]
• — fold, [four]
• — score, [Eighty.]
• — square, [Square.] Mag. V. 1. A.
• Beast. Be. V. 2.
• — Fish. Fi. I. 7. A.
• — glove. HS. VII. 10.
• — tail. HL. III. 2.
• [a. Drunkenness]
• [Fight (dim.]
• to — adj. a. Fear (make.]
• [Burthen] sp. for Ship]1
• [Brittle] Q. VI. 5. D.
• sp. of Rushes.]
• — of Building. Po. III.1.
• in — [adj. p. Order▪ (perf.]
• out of — [adj. p. Confusion]
• Tree. Tr. VIII. 3.
• [Resin of Frankincense-tree]
• [...] dj. Conceitedness (thing]
• [adj. Lightness (thing]
• [adj. p. Deliver] AS. I. 5.
• — from, [Without.]
• [adj. Spontaneity] AS. IV. 9.
• [adj. Alacrity]
• [Not-recompensed]
• Frank [adj. Man. IV. 4.]
• — booter, [adj. a. Booty (per­son.]
• — hold, [Right not-rented.]
• [Not-villain]
• [Ingenuity]
• [Privilege]
• Colour, [Gray.]
• [...] loth, [Napt (augm.]
• to— [To come (freq.]
• — air, [Breez.]
• [New-comer]
• [Unexpert (person]
• —taste. Q. IV. 6.
• Un-salted. Q. IV. 5. O.
• a — [adv. Repeating] Adv. IV. 2.
• [Rub] O. V. 8.
• [Under-touching (apt.) transverse (thing.]
• Un-skin by rubbing]
• Pain by corrosion]
• — Work, Spirally, &c.
• [Graving Spirally, &c.
• Vex, [a. Anger.]
• sp. Of Fish.]
• to — Pr. III. 4.
• a—ship, [adj. Benefactor (thing.]
• Broad leaved — HL. V. 10.
• Narrow leaved — HL. V. 10. A.
• Prep. vid. From.
• to and — [Forward and Backward.]
• a — [Man (fem.]
• [From this time]
• [At all times after this]
• — nail, [Nail un-adj. a. slide (apt.]
• [Disingeniousness]
• [Moroseness]
• — fulness NP. VI. 3.
• Unprofitable.]
• sp. for the Face.]
• [Sufficient]
• — moon, [Moon in the midst of her month]
• to—Cloth. O. V. 3.
• [Sweet, exc.]
• [Nauseative] NP. II. 4. O.
• [Exhalation]
• [Action in ones Calling]
• [adj. Foundation]
• sp. the Solemnity.]
• to — RN. VI. 3. A.
• the—es, [Devils (fem.]
• [adj. Anger (augm.]
• [Fierce (augm.]
• [Concave (place) to build Fire (in.]
• [Kettle (aug.]
• — hole in Fortification. RM. VI. 7. A.
• [Provisions]
• [Page] [Utensils]
• — more, [Also.]
• to — [adj. a▪ Adjuvant]
• [adj. p. Cast]
• [Course Cotton-cloth]
• [Sorry mixt (thing]
• to — [Wander]
• Essay Depth]
• Essay Capacity]
• Lucre. TA. V. 2.
• Contradict]
• gentle — El. VI. 6.
• stiff — El. VI. 7.
• [Bladder of—]
• Excrescence of Oke. PP. III. O.
• [Ornate (augm.]
• Play. Mo. V. A.
• — ster, [Game (mech.]
• — some, [Wanton.]
• sp. Smok'd.]
• sp. the mouth.]
• — after, (augm.]
• sp. Spice.]
• Safe (make.]
• Servants for safe­ty.]
• Officers for safe­ty.]
• sp. with Lace.]
• [Monks (off.]
• Wind-pipe.]
• [Ribband for Leg]
• [Binding (vest.]
• [Pale] AC. IV. 9. O. (exe.]
• [Dore] Poss. IV. 2.
• [Going (manner] Mo. I. 1.
• [a. Aggregate]
• [a. Convention]
• —as Curd, [Coagulate.]
• —as Fruits, [Take F.]
• —as Wind, [adj. p. wind.]
• — up his Gown, &c. [Lift contracted,]
• Calv's — [Cal'vs PG. VI.]
• [Ornate (exc.]
• — hound, [Dog hunting by Sight.]
• Constellation
• [Third Twelfth part of the Zodi­ac.]
• [Page] to — [a. Generation.]
• Op. to▪ Special. TM. III. 4.
• [adj. Genus]
• [Universal]
• a — [Army▪ (Off.]
• [Monks chief (Off.]
• Begetting AC. I. 1.
• [Descendent (aggr.] RO. I. 1. O.
• [Age] Mea. VI. O. [...]
• [Temper of mind]
• good — [Proper Angel]
• evil — [Proper Devil]
• Dwarfe — HL. VII. 6. A.
• [Maggot] Ex. I. 5. A.
• — man. RC. I. 3. A.
• — woman. RC. I. 3. A. (fem.
• [Bending knee] AC. VI. 6.
• [Kneeling] AC. VI. 6. A.
• Cosin — RO. I. 5.
• Tree — HF. VI. 2. A.
• water — HF. VII. 9.
• wild — HS. VI. 11. A.
• Obtain to be be­fore.]
• — by Heart, [Obtain to re­member]
• — from person, [Obtain to be out, &c.]
• — a nail, [Pull out a nail.]
• — with childe, [Impregnate]
• — Children, [Generate ch.]
• Obtain to be free­ed.]
• — gone, [From-goe.] TA. VI. 1. O.
• — rid of, [Obtain to be freed from.]
• [Mineral.] St. VI. 3.
• holy — G. III.
• sp. Edible.]
• [adj. Vertigo]
• [Conceited]
• [adj. Light] Ha. IV. 7. O.
• [adj. Give (thing]
• spiritual. Ha. V.
• [Cone adj. horn to be vertigi­nated with whipping.]
• [adj. Conceitedness (thing.]
• — of Bird. PP. V. 7. A.
• — of Fish. PP. IV. 3.
• Sea — HF. II. 14. A.
• Stock — HS. IV. 1.
• Wall — HS. IV. 1. A.
• [Ringing (dim.]
• [Affect sound of Words]
• — hen, [adj. Ginny-hen.]
• — pig, Be. III. 6. A.
• — back, [Retire]
• Correct no more. RO. VI. 6. O.
• — alms, [a. Alms.]
• [Observe with Ear]
• — law, [a. Law.]
• — name, [a. Name.]
• to, adj. p. Di­sposition (augm.]
• [Swear (make]
• [Oblige by oath]
• — to understand, [a. Know (make.]
• [I conjecture]
• [adj. Delectation]
• [Oblique (imp.]
• a. Ey (imp.]
• Accessory.]
• Digression.]
• [Allusion (dim.]
• witty — [Urbane (dim.]
• drinking — [adj. Glass-cup.]
• looking — [Face-shewing (instr.) by reflexion.]
• — wort. HL. VIII. 7.
• Fi. IV. 1. A.
• [a. brightness]
• left things.]
• scattered Ears.]
• [adj. Mirth Song]
• [Smooth] Q. VI. 2. E.
• to — [Slide] Mo. II. 4.
• — fish. Fi. VIII. 1.
• [Dim] Q I. 3. A.
• Public Praise.
• to — AS. VI. 1. A.
• [Comment (dim.]
• [Brightness (dim.]
• Fox — HS. VII. 10.
• [Shine white]
• [Shine fire-like]
• — worm ▪ Ex. I. 5.
• — fly. Ex. V. 9. A.
• — ing. O. IV. 4. A.
• — y, [Clammy (augm.]
• [Loathe (make) with abun­dance]
• [adj. Glue]
• [Together-strike teeth.]
• [noise (make) with teeth.]
• [Mastication]
• [Bite (end]
• [Ition] TA. VI.
• sp. On legs. Mo. II.
• —on toes, [Stalk.] Mo. II. 3.
• [Walk] Mo. II. 1.
• Depart. TA. VI. 1. O.
• — about, [Endeavour (inc.]
• — about [Begin]
• — in hand with [Begin]
• — after, [v. Succeed.]
• [I a. Nolleity]
• [I grudge it]
• [I loath it]
• [I nauseate it]
• — astray, [Err]
• — ward [v. Worse]
• — before, [v. Precede]
• — down, [a. Downward.]
• — forward, [Proceed.]
• — on, [Proceed]
• — out, [Cease.]
• [ quick, [a. Quick,]
• — through with it, [Finish.]
• — up, [a. Upward.]
• sp. of Race.]
• — 's beard. HF. III. 13.
• — Chafer. Ex. V. 3.
• — sucker, [Owle of a short small Bill, and wide mouth.]
• — 's thorn.
• skipping — El. I. 5.
• Action of — AS. [...] .
• — the Father. G. I.
• — the Son. G. II.
• — the Holy Ghost. G. III.
• [Religion (perf.]
• [Worship (perf.]
• — mine. [—(place]
• not-prepared
• — of Pleasure. HS. VI. 8. A.
• — en locks.
• — rod. HF. III. 8. A.
• [adj. Excess]
• [Destroy'd]
• — against, [Medicinal against]
• — at, [adj. Art in.]
• — for, [Profitable to.]
• [Face (perf.]
• — luck, [Prosperity.]
• — man of the House, [Master of the Family.]
• — success, [Event (perf.]
• — turn, [adj. Benefactor (thing.]
• — will, [Favor.]
• [Compensate]
• find —[Approve]
• think —[Approve]
• [Possessions]
• [Houshold-stuff]
• green — [young—]
• stubble — [autumnal—]
• Soland — Bi. IX. 4.
• — berry. Sh. I. 3.
• — foot. HF. I. 9. A.
• — grass. HL. IX. 9. A.
• Congealed blood]
• Coagulated blood]
• sp. with Horn.]
• [adj. Neck (armor]
• [Linen (vest) for shoulder]
• [Child's Godfather]
• — ing, [Women's Conven­tion for mirth.]
• [Direction]
• good—ance. Man. VI. 5.
• ill—ance. Man. VI. 5. O.
• [v. Gluttony]
• [Eat gluttonously]
• Red — Fi. IV. 4.
• Grey — Fi. IV. 4. A.
• a. Graciousness]
• — less, [Ungracious]
• — Before meat.
• — After meat.
• [Thanksgiving] RE. IV.
• [adj. p. Favour]
• — ness. Man. VI. 1.
• Hoary, [White (inc.) with age.]
• a — [Badger] Be. V. 2. A.
• — s, [Infused Corns of Malt.]
• Weight. Mea. III. 1.
• sp. of Spice.]
• — s of Paradise, [Carda­moms.]
• in — [Died with Alkermes]
• — of Leather, [Crenated Su­perficies]
• — of wood, [Fibres—]
• — parts of discourse. D. III.
• Generosity]
• Magnanimity]
• [Concession]
• [Berry of Vine.]
• Sea —Sh. II. 14.
• [Catch with hands]
• [About-hand]
• Cotton — HL. III. 14. A.
• Crested — HL. III. 6.
• Dogs — HL. III. 5. A.
• Feather — HL. III. 14.
• Finger — HL. III. 8. A.
• Goose — HL. IX. 9. A.
• Hairy — HL. III. 9. A
• Knot — HF. I. 4.
• Medow — HL. III. 10.
• Oate — HL. III. 8.
• Pearle — HL. III. 9.
• Quaking — HL. III. 9.
• Scorpion — HS. III. 12.
• Scurvy — HL. VI. 13
• Silk — HS. IV. 3. A.
• — of Parnassus. HL. VI. 7. A.
• — hopper, [Locust] Ex. II. 1.
• [Squares (plain]
• [Fewel (jug.) of parallel pins (augm.) Net (like]
• Powder with rubbing.]
• Un-skin with rubbing.]
• [a. Displeasing]
• [Merit thanks]
• [a. Benefactor]
• [a. Complaisance]
• [Not-hired]
• [Without wages]
• —Disposition. NP. IV. 3.
• [Old (like]
• —Sound. Q. III. 1. D.
• O. IV. 6. A.
• RN. VI. 2. A.
• a — [Burial (room]
• to — [make not adj. a. travel (abstr.]
• Weight. Q V. 4. E.
• [Seriousness] NP. IV. 3.
• Discreet carriage. Man. IV. 6.
• — ier, [Merchant of fat Cattel.]
• [Touch with reflecting.]
• [Worst parts of fat]
• adj. Magnitude. TM. I. 1. E.
• — with Child, [adj. p. im­pregnate.]
• — with one, [Familiar (aug.]
• how — [Of what magnitude]
• the — [Total-work to be done]
• [Page] — many, [Many (augm.]
• Hungry (corr.]
• Desire (augm.]
• Scraping] Man. III. 2. E.
• Sorrow. AS. V. 4. O.
• op, to Pleasure. Ha. II. 3.
• op. to Ease. NP. V. 3.
• —color'd. Q. II. 3.
• — Chafer. Ex. V. 5. A.
• — finch. Bi. IV. 6.
• — cheese, [New cheese.]
• — wound, [New w.]
• [adj. Childe]
• — goose, [Young—]
• [Hog (young]
• [a. [...] isplicence]
• [adj. Displicence]
• [adj a. Grieve (abstr.]
• [Unpleasant]
• Fierce Face
• — the Collier, [Hieracium.]
• [Lowr dog (like]
• [Shew the teeth angrily]
• —Fabrile. O. IV. 2.
• —Chymic. O. VI. 1.
• — ers, [Inmost teeth]
• Distention]
• Compression]
• [Pain by-, &c.]
• Scraping. Man. III. 2. E.
• — of a Ship. RN. VI. 6. E.
• [Parturition]
• -of the Chamber, [Chamber (Off.]
• Unskilfull]
• a — [12 dozen]
• the — [Total]
• stand ones — RM. II. 2.
• get — RM. II. 2. E.
• loose — RM. II. 2. D.
• — work, [Foundation]
• [Foundation]
• [Cause] sp. Impulsive]
• stinking — HF. I. 17. A.
• [Threshold]
• Herb. HF. III. 7.
• Thick. broth]
• [Millet.] HL. II. 6. A.
• adj. Accretion. AC. I. 6. A.
• — forth, [—into being visi­ble.]
• [Be continued by growth to, &c.]
• [adj. Vegetation]
• sp. (incept.]
• — in years [Old (inc.]
• — old [Old (inc.]
• kind, [Unkind (inc.]
• — out of use, [Un-custom (inc.]
• sp. adv. degree.]
• [Worm of a Flie]
• to — [Un-root]
• op. to Alacrity. Ha. IV. 3. D.
• an old —[Old hatred]
• — of a disease, [Impetus (dim.]
• [adj. Lump]
• [Coagulated]
• Fish. Fi. IX. 11.
• Figure. Mag. VI. 4.
• — hall, [Convention (place] of Corporation.]
• to — [Colour with Gold]
• [Guilty (abstr.]
• — head. Fi. V. 1.
• — hen, [Hen of Guinny▪]
• — pig. Be. III. 6. A.
• [Bind about]
• Horse —[—Girdle]
• [adj. Custom (manner]
• [Whirl-pool]
• Fish, [Miller's-thumb] Fi. IX. 12.
• [Young (person) adj. p. fraud (apt.]
• Wëasand. PG. VI. 1.
• [Stream (dim.]
• — of tree. PP. I. 6.
• — Ammoniac, [Concrete juice of Giant Fennel]
• — Animae. Tr. VIII. 4.
• — Arabic. Tr. VIII. 2.
• — Dragon, [Gum of Goat's thorn.]
• — Elemi. Tr. VIII. 3.
• the—s, [Parenchyma of the Teeth.]
• sp. with p. Gumming.]
• — ner. RN. V. 3.
• — powder. RM. V. 7. A.
• Sense. NP. III. 4.
• — of wind [Wind (imp.]
• — wort. Sh. VI. 2. A.
• — of Hats, [Merchant of head (vest.]
• — of small wares.
• Quality adj. cu­stom.]
• Quality. Ha.
• Infused. Ha. V.
• Intellectual. Ha. VI.
• Moral. Man. I.
• of the body, [Temperament of the body.]
• of Clothes, [Clothes (manner]
• [Was, pret.]
• [pret. Have]
• Treat sp. cor.]
• Commerce sp. cor.]
• Meteor. El. III. 5.
• to — [Salute]
• — Cloth. Pr. IV. 1. A.
• — Lace, [Ribband for bind­ing the hair of the head.]
• — brain'd, [Conceited.]
• — y river weed. HL. I. 10. A.
• [adj. Calm—]
• [adj. Peace—]
• go — [Equal partner.]
• — moon, Fortification. RM. VI. 5.
• [First room (augm.]
• [adj. Convention (room]
• — day, [Day of Conventi­on.]
• [Consecrate]
• sp. of Pease.]
• make a — [Stay]
• [adj. Hanging (arm.]
• [adj. Neck-bonds]
• [a. Hammer]
• [a. Speak (manner) difficult­ly.]
• To — [Tangle]
• — basket, [B. adj. p. carry (apt.) in hand.]
• — breadth, [Measure of h. b.]
• — full, [Capacity of the hand.]
• — gun, g. (dim.) adj. p. use (apt.) with hand.]
• — kerchief, k. (dim.) adj. p. use (apt.) with hand.]
• — mill, m (dim.) adj. p. use (apt.) with hand.]
• — saw, s. (dim.) adj. p. use (apt.) with hand.]
• — vice, v. (dim.) adj. p. use (apt.) with hand.]
• — kerchief, [adj. wiping (li­nen]
• — maid, [Servant (fem.]
• — over head, [adv Careles­ness.]
• — to — [adj. Contiguous (pot.]
• at no — [Not, not]
• before — [adv. Preventing.]
• from—to mouth, [adv. Neces­sary (segr.]
• adj. pret. Begin]
• Endeavouring]
• Believe make]
• go in —with, [Begin.]
• take in — [Undertake]
• in the turning of an — [While one could turn his—]
• out of — [Soon (augm.]
• get the—of one, [a. Victory]
• left — l side]
• right — r side]
• under ones — [Signed by one]
• upper — [Victory]
• man of his—s, [Nimble]
• [Page] lay—s on, [Arrest]
• shake—s, AC. V. 5. A.
• Pin for shewing the hour.]
• Finger for shewing the hour.]
• a. Card (things]
• — craft, [adj. Mechanic (art.]
• Contiguously fight­ing.]
• Discourse of.]
• — by, [Accessory]
• — down ones head, [a. down­ward the head]
• — together, [Together-ad­here.]
• — [...] p, [a Hang]
• — ing of the hill, [Declivi­ty.]
• — man, [Execution (mec.]
• Clothe the walls]
• Line the walls]
• [Short crooked Sword]
• [Loop for tying the Sword]
• pot — [Iron (instr.) for hang­ing pot.]
• — of thread, [Skein—]
• [Contingence]
• — ness. Ha. I. 1.
• — ly, [adj. Fortune]
• [adj. Hospitality (place.]
• [Port] W. II. 5.
• op. to Fluid. O. V. 5. E.
• op. to Yielding. Q. VI. 1. D.
• — headed, [Dull]
• — to be pleased, [Morose]
• — to give, [Penurious]
• — to forgive.
• — to repent.
• Impenitent.]
• — drink, [Sowr'd.]
• — ly, [Scarce.]
• — by, [adj. Near.]
• to fo [...] low — [Follow (augm.]
• [Hard (make]
• Incorrigible. RO. VI. 7. O.
• Disposition. NP. IV. 7.
• Affection, [Bold.]
• fool — [Rash.]
• — lipp'd, [Cloven-lipp'd]
• — 's foot. HF. VIII. 5.
• — 's ear. HF. IV. 14. A.
• Sea — Ex. IX. 4.
• Not adj. p. Hurt]
• —in sound. Q. III. 9.
• — ing iron, [Barbed dart]
• — ing. O. III. 2.
• In general, [Unpleasant.]
• Man. VI. 1. D.
• — 's tongue. HL. I. 8. A.
• Hierusalem — HF. II. 1. A.
• — time, [Autumn]
• [Swiftness]
• Dispatch (augm.]
• [adj. a. Anger (apt.]
• — of a ship. RN. II. 6.
• [Ripen eggs by Fotion]
• — hilt. [Notch (freq.]
• — in the eye, [Spot—]
• — thorn, [White—] Sh. I. 3. A.
• Cumberland — [White Bean-tree] Sh. II. 3. A.
• — fish. Haak.
• — weed. HF. III. 12.
• — at Tennis.
• — hen. Bi. II. 7.
• — nut, [Small-nut. [Tr. III. 1.
• shake the — AC. IV. 4. A.
• take a — [a. Liberty]
• nail — [N. top]
• — of a barrel, [adj. Forepart circle (plain)—]
• [Page] all a — [All to the fore-part.]
• — of an onyon, [Bulbous root—]
• — land, [Promontory.]
• Conduit —[Fountain]
• River —[Fountain]
• [Magistrate]
• to — [v. Commander.]
• draw to a —
• [Fuming (augm.]
• [with Head first]
• adj. p. precipitate]
• [adj. Head (armor]
• [Not adj. p. Persuade (apt.]
• [a. Sound (make]
• op. to Sickness. S. O.
• op. to Rottenness. NP. V. 2.
• [Remembrance in drinking▪]
• Sense. NP. III. 2.
• Cognizance.]
• — say, [Rumor]
• sp. in the Morning.]
• [Contentment]
• Herb [Parsly] HL. VI. 5. A.
• [Best (part]
• out of — [adj. Weakness]
• in — [adj. Courage.]
• adj. Diffidence]
• Discouraged]
• sweet — [Suitor]
• with all ones — [adv. Alacri­ty]
• by — [adv. Memory]
• Proper. Q. V. 1. E.
• Plant. Sh. VI. 7.
• Place. Po. I. 7. A.
• sp by Up-thrusting.]
• [adj. Gravity]
• [adj. Grief]
• — fever. S. II. 1.
• [Sepiment of Branches, &c.]
• — clerk, [Sorry C.]
• to—in a debt, [Sure (make) d.]
• — trefoile. HS. III. 15. A.
• [Be cautious].
• — fulness. Ha. IV. 2.
• — lesness. Ha. IV. 2. D.
• — ling of a Ship. RN. VI. 7.
• Vitious (augm.]
• adj. Displicence (augm.]
• prec. hold]
• adj. p. hold]
• white. — HL. VII. 1.
• bastard — [Helleborine]
• [a. Adjuvant]
• [a. Relieve]
• [a. Remedy]
• — one to a thing, [Furnish]
• [a. Acclamation]
• water — HF. V. 9. A.
• [From this place]
• From this time]
• After this time]
• — Leaf. HL.
• — Flower. HF.
• — Seed-vessel. HS.
• — Christopher. HS. IX. 5.
• — Frankincense of Galen. HF. V. 3. A.
• — of Theophrastus. HF. IV. 6. A.
• — of Grace, [Rue] HS. V. 13.
• — Terrible. Sh. VI. 3.
• — True love. HS. IX. 5. A.
• — two pence, [mony-wort] HL. VI. 11. A.
• — 's man. RC. II. 6.
• [In this place]
• [adj. Present]
• — of, [Of this]
• [After this time]
• [adv. Future]
• [Before this time]
• [adv. Past]
• [Excellent in virtue]
• [adj. Magnanimity (person]
• Great white — Bi. VIII. 4.
• Little white — Bi. VIII. 4. A.
• — 's bill. Herb.
• white — [Moist salted]
• [Cut striking]
• rough — [Cut rough.]
• [Disease of skin cleaving to the flesh.]
• [Penurious]
• Sacred Sculpture]
• Secret Paint]
• Tall, [adj. TM. II. 4. O.]
• — shoes, [Shoes to the an­kle. ]
• — water, [Deep overflow­ing tide]
• — winde, [Winde (augm.]
• — forehead, [Ample f.]
• — way, [Public w.]
• adj. Dignity]
• — day, [Festival d.]
• — priest, [Primate of P.]
• breast — [Until the br.]
• — self, [Him him.]
• [Hart] Be. II. 3. A. (fem.]
• [adj. Agriculture servant]
• — part. Sp. III. 8. O.
• [adj. Hinder part]
• [Succeeding]
• [a. Impedient]
• Expression (dim.]
• Narration (ob­scure]
• [Thigh] PG. V. 4.
• [Berry of the wild Rose]
• — ing. RC. V. 5. O.
• [adj. Pron. I. 3.]
• — own, [Pron. redup.]
• [a. Contiguity]
• [a. Strike]
• [a. Fortune]
• To this place.]
• — most, [Nearest]
• — side, Sp. II. 2. E.
• Till this time]
• — ward, [Toward this place]
• Int. III. 1.
• no — [No cohibition.]
• not — [For not-a. Providence for.]
• —with Frost, [White—]
• —with Age [Gray—]
• —with [...] ustiness, [Mossie—]
• — horse [Horse (like) staff.]
• Hawk, [Hawk for Larks.]
• adj. p. Fiction (thing]
• — 's bread.
• — 's fennel.
• — fish. Fi. I. 5. A.
• — louse, [Sow]
• Barrel (augm.]
• Measure [36 gal­lons.]
• — fast, [Hold (augm.]
• — water, [c. w.]
• — blameless, [Esteem b.]
• — at a bay, [a. Stay]
• — back, [Cohibit.]
• — in, [Cohibit.]
• — out, [Continue perma­nent.]
• — a town. RM. II. 4.
• — ones peace, [a. Silence.]
• [ together, [Continue lea­gued.]
• up, [Support.]
• [ counsel, [Together advise]
• — ones breath, [Not-breath]
• — ones water. [Not- a. U­rine]
• — of a Ship, [Lowest room (augm.)—]
• lay — Catch]
• take — Arrest]
• Strong — RM. VI.
• [adj. Holding (person]
• [Longest tooth]
• Through. Mag. IV. 1. O.
• lurking — [adj. Hiding-place.]
• — day, [adj. Festivity-day]
• — ghost. G. III.
• Habit. Ha. V. 2.
• [Page] [p. Consecration]
• — oke. HF. IX. 6. A.
• — tree. Tr. III. 6. A.
• Sea — [Eringo]
• — hearted, [adj. Hypocri­sie.]
• — eyed, [Deep-eyed]
• As Spunge, [adj. Porous­ness.]
• Duty of Subjection]
• Acknowledgment of Subjection]
• — bred, [Rusticly educated]
• Strike (augm.]
• a. Contiguity (perf.]
• Not ornate. TM. V. 5. O.
• [Rusticity]
• — Common. Man. IV.
• — Belonging to Superiors. Man. V.
• — Belonging to Inferiors. Man. VI.
• sp. Commanded.]
• [Integrity]
• Flower, [Bulbonach] HS VI. 1.
• — apple, [Sweet apple (kind]
• — comb, [Bees (rooms]
• — dew, [adj. Hony dew]
• — moon, [First month after Marriage]
• French-suckle. HS. III. 5.
• Trefoil. HS. III. 10. A.
• — wort. HL. IX. 3. A.
• [Reputation]
• [Respect (augm.]
• [adj. Honour (abstr.]
• [adj. Nobility]
• — wink, [Cover the eyes.]
• Token of Degree, [Loose adj. shoulder (vest.]
• to — [Un-hoof]
• By—or by crook, [By right or wrong.]
• — ed, [Curve.]
• Bird. Bi. III. 8. A.
• Plant. HF. I. 5. A.
• — on one leg. Mo. I. 5. A.
• Affection. AS. 5.6.
• Grace. Ha. V. 5.
• Base — HF. VII. 2.
• Black — HF. VII. 11. A.
• White — HF. VII. 6. A.
• Proper. PP. VI. 6.
• — owl. Bi. I. 4.
• — work. RM. VI. 5. A.
• adj. a. Fear
• Evil (augm.
• [Fear (augm.
• [Rigor through Fear]
• sp. on Horse.]
• — a Mare, [a. Coition with Mare.]
• on—back, [On horse]
• — cloth, [Horse's vest]
• — courser, [Horse (Merc.]
• — foal, [Young horse (male]
• [Physician for Horse]
• Insect. Ex. I. 2.
• — litter, [Sedan adj. p. carried between Horses.]
• Souldier. RM. III. 1. A.
• — hoof. HL. VI. 3.
• — tail. HL. IX. 7.
• — tongue. Sh. III. 7. A.
• Sea — [Morse] Be. V. 3.
• Wooden — [Horse (like) juga­ment.]
• [Leg (vest]
• Sick men's house.]
• Poor men's house.]
• [adj. Eucharist bread]
• to — [a. Guest]
• — house, [Stove]
• sp. not walled.]
• — fish. Fi I. 4.
• spotted — Fi. I. 4. A.
• — glass. Mag. VI. 5. A.
• Building. Po. II. 1.
• — breaking. RJ. III. 8. A.
• — burning. RJ. III. 8.
• to — [a. House]
• — ed, [Possessing houses.]
• — bread, [Course bread]
• — stuff, [Utensils.]
• sp. a. Mocking.]
• — then, [-therefore.]
• op. to So. Adv. II. 1.
• Gather (corr.]
• Heap (confu­sedly.]
• — ing. RN. VI. 5. A.
• — lying at RN. VI. 5. A.
• — of Corn, [Husk]
• [Indistinct noise]
• [Bees (voice]
• [Approve (voice]
• [Courteous]
• — ness. Man. V. 2.
• — bee. Ex. IV. 1. A.
• — plant. Sh. IV. 7.
• a. Humility.]
• Liquor, [adj. a. Moistness (thing]
• Temper of mind.
• [a. Complacence (end.]
• [a. Conceitedness]
• — physician.
• — pound in mony. Mea. IV. 6.
• [a. Hunts-man]
• — 's man. RC. II. 7.
• sp. Seditious]
• Swift imp.]
• sp. with Confusion.]
• [adj. Married (male.]
• good — [Frugal (person]
• ill — [adj. Squandring (per­son]
• — man. RC. II. 6. A.
• Profession RC. II. 6. A.
• Work, [Agriculture]
• good — [Frugality]
• ill — [Squandring]
• [Mistress of the house]
• [Frugal (fem.]
• Indian. — HL. V. 5.
• Mathemat. Mag. III. 8. E.
• Rhetor. [fig. of Expression (exc.]
• Hedge — HF. VII. 14.
• Disease. S. VI. 9.
• Child (like.]
• Imperfectly]
• Indistinctly]
• Sorry person] sp. (male.]
• Man (corr.]
• — anapes, vid. Ape.
• — Daw, vid. Daw.
• Fish. [Pike] Fi. IX. 1.
• — of the Hedge, [Alliaria.]
• — with a lantern. El. I. 6.
• — of a Ship. RN. III. 9. A.
• [adj. Back (armor]
• leathern — [leathern Pot] Pr. V. 5.
• — to turn spit, [Vertiginating (machin) of rosting (instr.]
• Slasht margin.]
• Torn margin.]
• — er. [adj. Prison (Off.]
• — farmer, [Emptying (mech.) of Jakes.]
• [Earthen pot for Oil]
• Sound. Q. III. 2. A.
• [adj. Sloth]
• [Negligent]
• [Not-busie]
• [Not-pertinent]
• Picture adj. p. Worship (person]
• Image adj. p. Worship (person]
• [a. Motion (imp.]
• [Whip] RM. VI. 2.
• Yellow — Sh. II. 13.
• [Not-serious]
• [adj. Urbanity (thing]
• [adv. proud (like) going (manner]
• — 's-ear, [Fungus of Elder.]
• [Gemms (aggr.]
• [Precious (thing]
• — not, [Unless.]
• [Without, &c.]
• as — Adv. IV. 2. O.
• — lambens. El. I. 6. A.
• [Not-noble]
• [adj Mean (augm.]
• [Infamation]
• Natural. NP. I. 1. O.
• op. to Science. Ha. VI. 1. D.
• op. to Art. Ha. VI. 3. D.
• [Walk wantonly]
• Sorry (fem.]
• Woman (corr.]
• [Half pint]
• [Affectation of sounds of words.]
• Not-indolent]
• — favoured, [Deformed]
• — man, [Vicious man]
• — name, [Infamy]
• with an—will, [adv. Nolle­ity]
• [adv. Evil]
• [adv. Difficult]
• Not— adj. Law]
• Against- adj. Law]
• Begotten not adv. Law.]
• [Diabolical Apparition]
• [adj. Dignity]
• painted im.
• Statue, [Solid Image]
• [a. Fansie]
• Depreciate by mix­ture.]
• a.. Prodigal]
• a. Boldness.]
• Great (augm.]
• [adj. Excess.]
• [Fierce] Ha. III. 4. E.
• Not— modest
• Against— modest
• [Not-adj. die (abstr.]
• [adj. Ever.]
• Sepiment with walls.]
• Shut up with walls.]
• Lengthen by Grafting]
• [Sepiment with Pales]
• sp. Names.]
• [Inequality]
• [adj. Partner (make]
• [a. Narration]
• [Insolence]
• [Magisterialness]
• sp. by Entreaty.]
• [Gracelesness]
• [Prophaneness]
• [Not un- adj. p. anger (abst.]
• [adv. Pertinaciously angry.]
• Compre­hend by conse­quence]
• Infer by conse­quence]
• [Comprehended] TA. II. 4.
• [Understood] D. III. 8. O.
• — faith, [a. Belief (abstr.) with ignorance of the things to be believed.]
• [Importance]
• [Page] [Upon-pat]
• op. to Natural power. NP. O.
• op. to Acquired power. Ha. II 6. O.
• [Not-coition (apt.]
• [adj. Impotence]
• [adj. p. Passion (exc.]
• Getting with Child. AC. I. 2.
• [Infusion] O. V. 7. A.
• [Appropriate sentence]
• During effect]
• a. Printing]
• [Leave sign]
• true (like]
• [a. Better]
• [Use (perf.]
• [Not-proper]
• [a. Opposition]
• [a. Obiection]
• — ive cause. T. II. 2.
• — to. Prep. IV. 1.
• — as much as, [Whereas] Conj. IV. 1.
• [Eng [...] d]
• [Fri [...] ]
• drive — Into— drive]
• drop — Into— drop]
• — pieces, [Into pieces.]
• Punishment. RJ. VI. 8. A.
• to — [a. Flesh]
• As a wound healing, [Again-flesh.]
• [House-burner] adj. RJ. III. 7. (person]
• [adj. a. Contention (make]
• to — [adj. Anger (make]
• [adj. Begin (person]
• [Candidate]
• adj. Contingency]
• adj. p. Event]
• — towards, [Vergency] Sp. III. A.
• — of the will. AS. IV. 1.
• [Favor] AS. V. 2.
• [In-sepiment]
• [Not-thinking]
• [Heedlesness]
• Propor­tion
• profitable]
• convenient]
• [Most excellent]
• adj. p. Like
• adj. p. Equal
• adj. p. Join
• adj. p. Si­multaneous.
• — ly. [Soon (augm.]
• [Not-adj. p. better (pot.) by Correction]
• [adj. p. Harden (apt.]
• TM. I. 7. E.
• Great] TM. I. 1. E,
• Intense] TM. I. 8. E.
• [v. More-Great, &c.]
• [Many] TM. III. 1.
• [Abundant] TM. I. 2. E.
• sp. Parish Priest]
• — on, [Pertinent to]
• Hinder sp. with confused multitude]
• Trouble sp. with confused multitude]
• adj. p. Object]
• adj. p. Dangerous]
• [Truly] Adv. I. 2. A.
• [adv. Thing]
• [Not- distinct]
• [Not-limited]
• [a. Paction]
• [Catalogue]
• Great and little. TM. I. 1.
• Excellent and sorry. TM. I. 4.
• Intense and re­miss.] TM. I. 8.
• [Not-unlawful] T. V. 1. A.
• [adj. Moderation]
• [Deficient]
• Disgraceful injury]
• [Not-straight]
• [Disposition (corr.]
• [Not-health]
• [Not-distinct]
• Dull. Ha. III. 1. O.
• Not-adj. p. learn (apt.]
• a. Teacher]
• a. Learning]
• sp. permanently.]
• [adj. a. Possessions (make]
• [adj. Impulsive (thing]
• [adj. Persuading (thing]
• — into a Benefice.
• [Graciousness]
• Pope's — [P. Pardon]
• [Footmen] RM. III. 1. (kind)
• op. to Equality. TM. I. 5. D.
• Relation of — RO. III. O.
• [a. Flame (make]
• [a. Worse (make]
• [Not- adj. p. bend (pot.]
• [Stiffness]
• sp. adv. Punishment]
• Efficiency]
• sp. of Heavenly bodies]
• sp. Privately]
• adj. Fortune (corr.]
• [Steep] O. V. 7. O.
• — ed habit. Ha. V.
• adj. Fancy (perf.]
• sp. of Fined metal]
• [Simple (part) of Compositi­on]
• [adj. a. Compounding (thing]
• [License of into-going]
• [Write (perf.]
• [Adjunct (abstr.]
• Not- adj. Man]
• Against- adj. Man]
• op. to Equity. Man. I. 2.
• [Unholiness]
• — horn, [adj. p. carry (apt.) Vessel for Ink.]
• — keeper, [Common Host]
• to—Corn, [Into- a. house Corn.]
• op. to Guilty. RJ. II. 6.
• [Begin a Custom [...]
• [Not-hurtful]
• [a. Ambush]
• [adj. Ambush]
• [Into-seeing]
• [Into-wriggle]
• Not- adj. Society]
• Against adj. Society]
• op. to Magnanimity. Man. III. 8. E.
• op. to Condescension. Man. VI. 2. D.
• [Oversight]
• sprinkling]
• scattering]
• [Admit solemnly]
• [Earnest intreaty]
• disposition.]
• impulsion.]
• [Ordinances]
• [Instruction]
• [Ordinance]
• — religious. RE. VI.
• [Know (make]
• [Directive precepts]
• — of Vertue, Ha. II.
• — mechanical. Po. VI. 1.
• — of Music, [adj. Music, (instr.]
• — written, [Bond.]
• [Substitute]
• [Transc. (instr.]
• [Not-sufficient]
• [Rebellion (inc.]
• — word. D. II. 1.
• [Knowledge]
• sp. Private.]
• [Sensuality] Man. II. 1. D.
• [a. Intense (make]
• [Seriously dispos'd to]
• [Earnestly dispos'd to]
• [Take in-coming]
• [Not-seen (make) by between-being]
• [adj. Pertinent]
• [Proper profit]
• Usury. [Rent of mony]
• [Between a. line.]
• [a. Stratifie]
• sp. in Buying.]
• [With-mingle]
• [Between a. business.]
• [adj. p. Discontinue (make) discourse by between-speak­ing.]
• sp. adj. p. Forgery (thing]
• [a. Intercession]
• [adj. p. Discontinue (make]
• sp. for Admission (sign]
• concealedly]
• — friend, [Friend (augm.]
• [adj. Integrity]
• [adj. Right (make]
• [a. Fume (augm.]
• [adj. p. Drunkenness (make]
• [Pray] RO. V. 3.
• [Entertain]
• [a. Difficult (make]
• [adj. p. Concealed (thing]
• [adj. Obscure (thing]
• [In-bringing]
• [Instead- a. right]
• sp. distinct.]
• sp. to Evil.]
• sp. of Possessions.]
• sp. adv. Contrary.]
• [Intreat to come]
• Comprehend]
• — s. PG. VI.
• [Operation (dim.]
• [Knock (dim.]
• [adj. Urbanity]
• a. Motion (imp.]
• a. Shaking (imp.]
• be—ing, [From-go] TA. VI. 1. O.
• — for good of others. AS. VI. 6.
• — for evil of others. AS. VI. 7.
• to—joy one of, &c. [Congratu­late one for, &c.]
• a. Nearness]
• a. Contiguity]
• a. Continuity]
• a. Partner]
• — battel, [a. Battel.]
• — er, [adj Fabrile (mech.) of wooden Utensils.]
• — ly, [Together.]
• Limm. PG. V.
• out of — [Having its Joint unplaced.]
• to — [Cut the Joints.]
• sp. Cheek.]
• sp. by Leaping (like.]
• Little (thing]
• HL. V. 3. A.
• [adj. Displicence (augm.]
• [adj. Aversation (augm.]
• — monger, [adj. Iron (mer.]
• — wort. HF. VII. 12. A.
• adj. p. deny (pot.]
• adj. p. confute (pot.]
• again-adj. p. get
• back-adj. p. call
• a. Impulsive]
• [a. Stream (dim.]
• Children (aggr.) RO. I. 2. O.]
• Descendents (aggr.) RO. I. 1. O▪]
• — at Law. RJ. II. 5.
• to joyn — [adj. p. Issue (make]
• Disease. S. III. 2.
• Admonition (dim.]
• Narration (dim.]
• [adj. Festivity-year.]
• [Mirth (augm.]
• Faculty. NP. I. 2.
• [RJ. (thing]
• Punishment from God.]
• Cursing. AS. I. 3. O.
• sp. Place.]
• Persons in —R [...] . I.
• Proceedings in —RJ. II.
• sp. of Earth.]
• ground —HL. VI. 11.
• Virginian —Sh. V. 8.
• white —Tr. II. 6. A.
• Judges (place.]
• Magi­strates. (place.]
• [adj. Justice]
• — temper. TM. I. 8.
• to — [Game of mutual assault­ing with Spears.]
• — of Peace, [adj. Justice (Off.]
• Pronounce Just]
• Declare Innocent]
• Shoulders.]
• [adj. a. Cut (apt.]
• [Acrimonious]
• Hurtful, [Deliver.]
• Dangerous, [Defend.]
• — at a stay. TM. I. 9.
• — dry [a. perma­nent dr.]
• — warm, [a. perma­nent w.
• a. Permanent
• a. Per­nent
• — ones ground. RM. II. 2.
• — the field. RM. II. 3.
• — the town. RM. II. 4.
• [Hold] TA. I. 6.
• Not lose. TA. V. 5.
• [Not change]
• — one's course.
• — a wind. RN. VI. 6.
• [Not violate]
• — command, Perform com.]
• — promise, Perform pro.]
• — word, Perform word.]
• — holy-day Perform h.d.]
• restrain­ing.]
• subject­ing.]
• a. companion.]
• together-go.]
• — counsel, [a. Taciturnity]
• — house, [a. RO. III. 5.]
• [Page] — a good house, [a. RO. III. 5. liberally.]
• — silence, [a. Silence.]
• — watch, [a. Guard.]
• Keeping (Off.]
• Guarding (Off.]
• [Park (Off.]
• — of door. Po. IV. 4. A.
• — of Music, [Principal note]
• Fruit. PP. III. 4. A.
• sp. From remote (place.]
• [Receptacle of filth]
• [Gutter for filth]
• [adj. Rusticity (person]
• [Glandule] PP. II. 7. A.
• to — as Pease. [a. PP. III. 5. A.]
• a — [Arched fire (place]
• to — [a. dy (make]
• [Consanguinity] RO. I.
• Genus. T. I.
• a—of, &c.
• its ance­stors]
• it hath been.]
• [adj. Kindness]
• eat — taste (perf.]
• ripen — ripen (perf.]
• [a. Fire (inc.]
• [a. Anger (inc.]
• — dom, [King (place]
• — 's evil, S. III. 3.
• — at arms, [Principal He­rald.]
• — fisher, Bi. III. 9. A.
• — spear, [Asphodel] HL. V. 1.
• — fish. Fi. III. 6.
• — sack, [adj. Travel (bag.]
• Silver — HF. III. 4. A.
• adj. Crafty (person]
• adj. a. Cheat (person]
• — pan, [Bone defending the Knee-joint.]
• being on his—s. AC. VI. 6. A.
• — stockings. O. V. 2. A.
• [Hill (dim.]
• [adj. Protuberance (thing]
• sp. tufted.]
• [adj. p. Knit (part]
• [Ribbands (aggr.) tied for ornament]
• —in garden, [Area figur'd for ornament]
• sp. (corr.)
• —of a tree. PP. I. 1. A.
• —in grass, [joint (like—]
• — grass. HF. I. 4.
• Bird. Bi. VII. 6.
• [Difficulty]
• —mentally. AS. II. 5.
• —carnally, [Coition.]
• [Science.] Ha. VI. 1.
• [Experience.] Ha. VI. 4.
• sp. Ac [...] essory.]
• [Operation]
• [Endeavor (augm.]
• [adj. p. Pain by Parturiti­on]
• to — [a. Face with Lace.]
• — ing, [adj. Burden-(thing]
• adj. Noble (fem.]
• adj. Gentle (fem.]
• — cow. Ex. V. 6. A.
• — laces, [Striped grass]
• 's Bedstraw. HF. IX. 6. A.
• — 's Bower.
• — 's Glove. HL. IX. [...] .
• — 's Mantle. HL. VI. 9. A.
• — 's Milk, [White Thistle]
• — 's Seal, [Black Briony]
• — 's Slipper.
• — 's Smock. HS. IV. 15. A.
• — 's Thistle. [White Th.]
• [Pasture, [adj. lying (make.]
• [Page] Condition (put]
• Place (put]
• a. Operation
• a. Diligence]
• [a. Desist]
• [Un- a. Officer (make]
• — down, [Defist]
• — on, [On-put]
• Disburse for]
• — to one's charge, [a. Ac­cuse.]
• — to ones Wrist, [Apply]
• — together, [a. Summe]
• — up. TA. V. 4.
• — land, [a. Rest from plow­ing.]
• foundation, [a. Foundati­on.]
• — level, [a. Level (make]
• — open, [a. Open (make]
• — siege to, [Besiege]
• — wager, [a. Wager]
• — wait, [a. Ambush]
• — land, [adj. Rest land]
• — man, [adj. RE. O. (per­son.]
• [Deer's lying (place]
• Tree. Tr. VIII. 8.
• to — [v. Parturition]
• [Mutilated]
• [adj. Halt (apt.]
• Fish. Fi. VI. 5.
• Woolly feathered Hawk.]
• — et, [Lanar (male.]
• [Short Pike]
• Burning—[Dart.] El. I. 4. A.
• Open by cutting]
• arable — Po I. 4.
• [Countrey] RC. III. 2.
• — loper, [adj. Wander (per­son.]
• — mark, [adj. Margin (sign.]
• by — [Not usual—]
• good, g. Discourse (man­ner.]
• ill, ill. Discourse (man­ner.]
• [Space upon the knees]
• — dog, [Little Dog kept one­ly for delight.]
• as a Dog, [Drink by lick­ing.]
• Stumble (dim.]
• [Lose by omission]
• to — Pr. III. 8.
• — er, [adj. Flesh (room.]
• [adj. Liberty]
• Sea — Bi. VII. 3. A.
• Tit — Bi. V. 4. A.
• — 's heel. HS. I. 2.
• [Wantonness]
• [Unchastness]
• Irregularity]
• Prodigality]
• Hindermost]
• adj. Finishing]
• sp. for Foot vest]
• v. Duration]
• v. Permanent]
• sp. for Foot vest.]
• op. to Old. Sp. I. 3.
• op. to Soon. Sp. I. 4. O.
• [Distance from the Equa­tor]
• French — [Cassidony] HF. VI. 5. A.
• Sea — HS. VI. 9. A.
• — Cotton. HF. II. 10. A.
• Contemn­ing.]
• Alexandrian — Sh. III. 7.
• [Page] — of nature. RC. VI. 2.
• — positive. RC. VI. 3.
• Civil — [Roman Law]
• Father in — [Father by af­finity.]
• go to — [a. Suit.]
• — day, [a. Cause-day.]
• — full. T. V. 1.
• Licencious.]
• Without Law.]
• Civil — RC. II. 2.
• Common — RC. II. 2. A.
• [Linnen fine (augm.]
• [Treey pasture.]
• [Tied (dim.]
• op. to Stout. NP. IV. 6. O.
• [Physitian]
• Black — Met. III. 6.
• White — [Ceruse] Met. IV. 6.
• — s of house, [Leaden roof of—]
• Go before. TA. VI. 5.
• - ing case, [Example] D. IV. 8.
• Leade (corr.]
• Err. (make.]
• a. Conversation]
• — of Plant. PP. II. 5. A.
• — of Paper, [Lamin.]
• sp. of Hogs.]
• — of Gold, [Lamin—]
• Confederacy. RC. III. 8.
• Measure. Mea. I. 8.
• [Into-receive water]
• spring a — [into-receive (inc.) water.]
• Posture. AC. VI. 4. A.
• — toward, [Ver­gency]
• — year, [Year of 366 days.]
• a. Learner]
• — er. RO. III. 3. O.
• — ing. Ha. VI. 5.
• [Obligation of hire]
• Glean, [Gather the left ears.]
• Ly, [a. Man. IV. 1.
• [Dog-couple]
• adv. Most-little]
• — that. Conj. III. 1. O.
• adj. Degrees (segr.]
• Take ones — [a. Valedicti­on]
• Not take. TA. I. 4. O.
• [a. Residue]
• a. Dereliction]
• a. Desertion]
• sp. of Bread.]
• Read (thing]
• Fall to Leeward. RN. VI 6. D.
• Vid. Leach.
• House — [Sedum]
• deceitfully]
• pret. Leave.
• adj. p. Leave.
• Sinister. Sp. III. 9. O.
• - of Mutton, [Thigh of sheep.]
• to make a leg, [a. Congee.]
• to — [Un-a Bastard.]
• at — [After all this] Adv. III. 3. O.
• a. Length.]
• Un— adj. a. Pain (apt]
• adj. a. Indolence (apt.]
• pret. Lend.]
• adj. p. Lend.]
• [adj. Fasting (time.]
• [...] . I. 9, E.
• — s bane. HF. III. 6.
• - alone, [Not hinder.]
• - bloud, [a. Bleeding.]
• - go. TA. I. 6. O.
• - pass, [Omit.]
• - slip, [Omit.]
• [Impedient.]
• [Element.] D. I. 1.
• s patents, [Patent.]
• [Page] [Plainness-trying (instr.]
• op. to Degrees of persons. RC. I. O.
• Tactil quality. Q. V. 4. D.
• Inconstancy. Ha. IV. 7. D.
• Vainness. Man. IV. 6. D.
• [Evil (augm.]
• [Vicious (augm.]
• [v. Situation]
• — near to, [v. Near.]
• — next to, [v. Near.]
• v. Prostrate.] AC. VI. 7. A.
• a. Guest.] RO. III. 6. A.
• a. Permanent.] Sp. I. 6.
• — down. AC. VI. 7. A.
• Be all the night
• — in wait, [a. Ambush]
• a. Coition]
• adj. p. Subject]
• — up, [Rise]
• a. Coition.]
• — bedrid, [Be un-adj. a. Rise (pot.) by sickness.]
• — hid, [adj. p. Conceal.]
• — open, [adj. p. Opening.]
• [a. Lying] Man. IV. 1. O.
• tell a — [a. Man. IV. 1. O.
• sp. Backbiting.]
• [adj. Free-man]
• — Science, [Learning] Ha. VI. 4.
• [adj. Liberality]
• — of converse, [Frankness]
• — of will, AS. IV. 8.
• adj. Liberty]
• Impri­sonment.]
• [Not cohibited Vice (abstr.]
• — [...] . El. I. 6. A.
• wild — HS. III. 3.
• ey — [Covering (part) of the Ey.]
• — lord [Proper King]
• — man, [Proper Subject]
• in—of. Prep. II. 1. A.
• — of a ship. RN. V. 1. A.
• [Living (abstr.]
• to the — [Living (like]
• Tree of — Sh. IV. 6. A..
• — everlasting, [Gnaphali­um]
• — time. Mea. VI.
• — of Cicero, [Narration of &c.]
• Of—and death, [adj. Capi­tal]
• Move upward. O I. 1.
• — up ones voice, [Exclaim.]
• — of a Ship. RN. IV. 4. A.
• Primary — Q. I. 1. E.
• Secondary — Q. I. 2.
• as Candle, &c.
• to—a fire, [a. Fire (inc.]
• [adj. Lightness]
• op. to Heaviness. Q V. 4. D.
• — headed, [Vertiginous]
• — horse, [adj. War­horse.]
• Seriousness. NP. IV. 3. O.
• Constancy. Ha. IV. 7. D.
• Gravity. Man. IV. 6. D.
• Chastity. Man. II. 7. D.
• — of belief, [Credulity]
• [Frivolousness]
• make—of, [Contemn]
• Settle on feet]
• Happen [a. Event]
• — on, [Happen to find]
• [a. Lightning]
• [adj. Likeness]
• — wise, [adv. Like]
• [adj. Equality]
• — for — [Compensate]
• True (like]
• day — HL. V. 3.
• water — HL. VI. 4,
• — of the valley. HL. VII. 7. A.
• sp. Prepared juice of Misleto]
• — tree. Tr. VI. 10.
• [Page] Side]
• [Limitation]
• [Determination]
• [Apoint precisely]
• Dimension. Mag. I. 1.
• — of writing.
• the — [Equator] W. VI. 1.
• Measure. Mea. I. 1.
• Fishing — [String of hairs for fishing]
• plumb — [String for measu­ring.]
• to — Pr. IV. 9. A.
• to—one Fortification with another. RM. VI. 4. A.
• — a hedge with, [Within garrison with Series of]
• [a. Coition] sp. of Dog.]
• Fish. Fi. III. 3.
• [Candle of pitch'd Tow]
• to—together Knit]
• to—together Joyn]
• — draper, [adj. Linnen (merc.]
• Red — Bi. IV. 8. A.
• [Woven (thing) of Linnen and Woollen]
• [Mixture (corr.]
• — s tooth, [Dandelion]
• — of cloth, [Margin]
• the —s, [Combate (place]
• as he—eth, [as he willeth]
• [Hear (end]
• Birth [Children (aggr.) of one parturition.]
• Straw [Bed for Horse]
• horse — [Sedan to be carried between Horses]
• by—and — [adv. Degrees (dim.]
• — ones, [Young children]
• Proper. AC. I. 7.
• — in exile [Be banisht]
• — upon, [Feed upon]
• Sprightliness]
• — hood, [Maintenance]
• [adj. Living (person]
• Noble — [Hepatica]
• [adj. Service (sign) gar­ment]
• — and seisin. RC. V. 8. A.
• Horse at—[H. at hired guest­ing]
• [Maintenance]
• op. to Appetite. NP. II. 4. O.
• [Being cloy'd] AS. V. 1. O.
• sp. Great.]
• Fish. Fi. IX. 11. A.
• [adj. p. Lick (apt.) Medicin]
• [adj, Shutting (jug.]
• — on door, &c. Po. IV. 4.
• — on a River, [Water-course-narrowing (jug.]
• — tree. Sh. IV. 6. A.
• to — O. VI. 7.
• — stone. St. II. 7.
• sp. by night]
• a — [House (dim.]
• [High (augm.]
• Thick wood]
• sp. for Fuel.]
• sp. of Mariners.]
• [Great (corr.) head]
• [Dull (augm.]
• — parts of Discourse. D. IV.
• chop — [Dispute (corr.]
• [a. Cunctation]
• [a. Slattering time]
• [Page] a. Length]
• [...] . Duration]
• — time, [Permanent (aug.]
• a. Desire (augm.]
• a. Appetite (augm.]
• Permanence (aug.]
• [Distance from first Merid.]
• to — [a. Ey]
• — about, [a. Heedfulness]
• — for, [Expect]
• — on, [a. Ey]
• a. Heedfulness]
• a. Observing]
• — hole, [Chink]
• Not-fixt. Q. VI. 6. D.
• Not cohibited]
• — in one's body. [Diarrhaea.] S. VI. 6.
• Unty. O. II. 1. O.
• [Absolve] RE. V. 5. O.
• codded — HS. IV. 3.
• hooded — HF. VII. 14. A.
• purple — HF. VII. 15. A.
• yellow — HS. V. 12. A.
• Off-cut branches]
• [Baron] RC. I. 3.
• [Master] RO. III. 7.
• [adj. Lord (like]
• Magisterial]
• [Lord (abstr.]
• Mannour. Po. I. 1. A.
• op. to gain. TA. V. 2. O.
• op. to hold, [Let go]
• as Garrison. RM. II. 4. D.
• [adj. p. Lose]
• to cast—s Mo. V. 1.
• Affection. AS. V. 3.
• in — [adj. Love (augm.]
• make — [a. Suitour]
• to — AC. IV. 2. O.
• [adj. TM. II. 4. O.]
• Inferiority]
• Under-part]
• [adj. Bottom]
• Shallow w.]
• — sound, [Grave s.]
• Hog — [Sow]
• Sea — Ex. II. 11.
• Wall — [Punice]
• [Unctuousness]
• Good — [Prosperity]
• Ill — [Adversity]
• to — [Pull]
• [Burden.] Poss. V. O.
• [Impediment] T. II. 5. O.
• [Utensils (corr.]
• [Baggage] RM. V. O.
• [Neither hot nor cold]
• [Temperate]
• — asleep, [a. Sleep]
• — fish. Fi. II. 6. A.
• Everlasting —
• — marinus Schonfeldii. Fi. III. 16.
• — er, [Dog hunting lesser beasts by swiftness.]
• [adj Alluring (thing]
• [a. Exclaiming]
• [Lie concealed]
• sp. of Coition. AC. II. 5.
• Shut by sodering]
• Joyn by sodering]
• [Pudding (like) of Al­monds, &c.]
• [Confused Mixture]
• Staff, [Magistracy (sign) club.
• Spice, [Husk of Nutmeg]
• Reed —HL. III. 15.
• Pine. Man. II. 2. E.
• [a. Machin]
• [Anger (augm.]
• — wort. HS. VI. 2. A.
• pret. p. Make]
• — by art, [Factitious] T. III 7. O.
• [Science of obscure Natural (things]
• [Witchcraft]
• a. Greatness.]
• a. Praise (augm.]
• [Fissh Month.]
• — fly. Ex. IV. 7. A.
• — weed. HF. II. 8. A.
• [Servant (fem.]
• Fish, [Ray] Fi. II. 3.
• Mer — [Man (like) Fish.]
• black — HL. I. 5. A.
• English black — HL. I. 7.
• white — HL. I. 5.
• — land, [Continent]
• — sea, [Ocean]
• — mast. RN. III. 5.
• — battel, [Middle b.]
• Concernment]
• — strength, [Strength (augm.]
• Keep RO. VI. 4.
• [Defend] RO. VI. 5.
• Justifie, [a. Advocate]
• [Un-adj. p. Pupil (apt.]
• Serjeant — [adj. Regiment (Off.) that gives orders]
• the — [Figure]
• Change into]
• — a bed, [Prepare a bed]
• — account, [Esteem]
• — way, [Prepare way]
• [Esteem much]
• Favour (sign]
• — nothing of, [Contemn]
• — money of, [Sell for mo­ney.]
• — the most, [Sell to the most-bidder.]
• Better (make]
• Fire (make]
• Compensate]
• — his ground. RM. II. 2.
• — hast, [Dispatch]
• — a league, [League (make]
• — out, [Plain (make]
• — reckoning, [Expect]
• — as if, [Seem (make]
• — sale, [sell]
• — shew, [Seem (make]
• — shift, [Obtain difficultly]
• — a stand, [Stand]
• — a stir, [Stir]
• — a verse, [a. Verse]
• — use of, [Use]
• [Ill-tutor'd]
• [Irreverent]
• [Bold (corr.]
• — sex. NP. VI. 2.
• [Riding-bag]
• Coat of — [Woven (like) ar­mour]
• [adj. a. pret. Evil (person.]
• [adj. Criminal (person]
• Malignity sp. old]
• Hatred sp. old]
• [a. Malignity]
• to — [Beat (augm.]
• — figure. Mag. VI. 4. A.
• Marsh — HF. IX. 7.
• Shrub — Sh. V. 4.
• Tree — HF. IX. 7. A.
• Vervain — HF. IX. 8.
• Kind. W. V. 5.
• Sex, [Man (male]
• [Servant (male]
• If a — [If any one]
• Chess — [adj. Chess (Instr.]
• — of war. RN. I. 6.
• adj. Manhood]
• [a. Fragment (segr.]
• Age. Mea. VI. 3.
• [Man (like]
• [Page] [adj. Fortitude]
• Thereabout]
• in some — [adv. some]
• of what — [What manner]
• [Familiar (apt.) with man]
• Staying (place]
• Dwelling (place]
• [Garment to cast about one]
• [Upper loose vest]
• to — [a. Froth]
• [adj. Hand]
• [Book (dim.]
• [Un-villain]
• [Agriculture] O. III.
• Soiling. O. III. 3.
• [Third Month]
• to — [Travel] sp. as Souldi­er.]
• — es, [adj. Margin coun­try]
• Night — [Ephialtes] S. IV. 2. A.
• African — HF. II. 7.
• Gorn — HF. II. 6.
• marsh — HL. VI. 4. A.
• Navigator. RC. II. 8.
• [Seaman] RN. V.
• Goates — HF. VI. 3. A.
• wild — HF. VII. 4. A.
• Brand, [Stigmatization (sign]
• Boundary, [Margin (sign]
• Weight, [8 Ounces]
• Money, [13 s.—4 d.]
• [Stigmatize]
• — place, [adj. Merchant (place]
• [adj. Limit (Off.]
• [Next the highest Noble. man.]
• — ed. RO. II. 4.
• Provost — RC. I. 6. A.
• to — [a. Order]
• Letters of — [Licence of naval prepation]
• sand — Bi. V. 2. A.
• sp. made by Mastication.]
• — for face, [adj. Conceal vest for face]
• Wall (mech.]
• Great Body]
• Total Body]
• [Eucharist]
• Promiscu­ous killing
• General killing]
• [adj. Mass]
• [Weighty] Q. V. 4.
• — ness. Mag. VI. 1. D.
• Fruit. PP. III. 4.
• Fore — RN. III. 4. A.
• Main — RN. III. 5.
• Middle — RN. III. 5. A.
• Authority (person]
• — of servant. RO. III. 7.
• — of family. RO. III. 5.
• — of a ship. RN. V. 4.
• — of arts, [Graduate in the arts]
• — beam, Principal b.]
• — piece, Principal p.]
• [Get the power over]
• Disobedient]
• Licencious]
• — tree. Tr. III. 8.
• — weed. HL. III. 4.
• [adj. p. Brimstone (instr.) for a. fire.]
• — for Gun. RM. V. 7.
• [adj. Matter]
• [Important]
• [a. Catalogue]
• [Admit into University]
• Grave (fem.]
• [Housholder (fem.]
• Material cause. T. II. 7.
• makes no — [Is not impor­tant]
• [Bloud rotted in the flesh]
• Perfection]
• [In enmity of]
• [adv. Coaction]
• [adj. Man (like) engine]
• [Oven-sweeping (instr.]
• [Wine of honey]
• [Ground corn]
• Eating. Pr. I. 1.
• — worm. Ex. I. 5. A.
• [adj. Mediocrity]
• [Low] adj. Ha. II. 5. O.
• Plebeian, [adj. People (kinde]
• [Between—space]
• Signification. D. II. A.
• — of Magnitude. Mea. I.
• — of Number. Mea. II.
• — of Gravity. Mea III.
• — of Valour. Mea. IV.
• — of Time. Mea. V.
• [Moderation]
• [Sustentation]
• Sweet—s Pr. II.
• White—s [Meats of milk]
• — work. O. I.
• — profession. RC. II. 5. A.
• [Ancient money]
• [Money (like]
• [a. Diligence (corr.]
• — with, [a. Object.]
• — sweet. HF. IV. 8. A.
• [Lake (augm.]
• [Limit (sign]
• Come together. TA. VI. 7.
• — with, [Compensate.]
• Humour. PG. I. 7. A.
• [Grief] sp. (Habit]
• [Better] TM. I. 9. E.
• [of-speaking]
• [a. Express]
• Profession. RC. II. 5.
• — ship. RN. I. 5.
• Planet. W. II. 6.
• Metall. Met. III. 1.
• Herb. HF. I. 6.
• childing — HF. I. 6. A.
• Dogs — HF. I. 7.
• English — HF. I. 8.
• [Worthy (thing]
• — of Peru. HS. VII. 8.
• — montana. Bi. III. 7. A.
• — saxatilis. Bi. III. 4.
• — torquata. Bi. III. 7.
• sp. of Meat.]
• Natural — Met. I.
• Factitious — Met. II.
• Imperfect — Met. III.
• [adj. Principal]
• [a. Absent]
• [a. Conceal]
• [a. Penuriousness]
• [Gentleness]
• Graciousness]
• [Not-austereness]
• Relation. RM.
• Segregate. RM. III.
• Aggregate. RM. IV.
• Action. RM. I.
• Events. RM. II.
• Ammunition. RM. V.
• Places. RM. VI.
• — wort. HS. III. 11.
• water — HF. V. 13.
• horned — HL. IX. 7. A.
• Indian — HL. II. 6.
• — wort, [Spleenwort] HL. I 7. A.
• Sperme of male fishes. PP. IV. 8.
• [adj. Player]
• sp. with gesture (corr.]
• — ing Wanton (dim.)
• gate Conceited gesture (mode]
• [Soul] W. I. 6.
• [Observing]
• [a. Heedfulness]
• cast in one's — [Consider]
• [Inclination]
• fully—ed, [adj. pret. Re­solution]
• high—ed, [Proud]
• Ill-purposing]
• adj. Malignity]
• set one's — [a. Purpose]
• call to — [a. Memory]
• put in — [a. Memory (make]
• have a—to, [a. Desire.]
• [Metal (place]
• [Face (manner]
• to — RM. I. 5.
• [Love (augm.]
• [Ordnance (kind]
• [Clergyman]
• [Presbyter]
• Not-virile]
• [Monks House]
• Herb. HF. VII. 1.
• Cat — HF. VII. 1. A.
• [Place of a. Money (mech.]
• [a. Money (make]
• [Small (dim.]
• — of time. Mea. V. 8. A.
• Quag — [Bog]
• [Looking-glass]
• [adj. Excelling (thing]
• [Fortune (corr.]
• — with child, [a. Abortion]
• adj. Adversity (thing]
• [a. Mischievousness]
• [Understand (corr.]
• [Interpret (corr.]
• [Believer (corr.]
• [Unholy (person]
• [a. Adversity]
• [Lead (corr.]
• [Name (corr.]
• [Discover want]
• [Figur'd (corr.]
• [Opinion (corr.]
• [Master (fem.]
• [Suitor'd (fem.]
• [Suspition]
• Insect. Ex. II. 7.
• [a. Remills]
• [Heap of Dung]
• [Motion (abstr.]
• [Unconstancy]
• Scoff. RJ. IV. 9. A.
• [Description by lines)
• [Example (dim.]
• [a Mediocrity]
• — in opinions. Ha. III. 4.
• — in recreations, Man. II. 5.
• — about disgraces. Man. III. 7.
• — about honours. Man. III. 9.
• [Operation (augm.]
• [a. Defilement]
• [Bank factitious]
• Beast. Be. III. 8.
• Fish. Fi. II. 6.
• Indian Molle. Tr. III. 10. A.
• — of time, [Instant]
• [Monk's House]
• [Grief (voice]
• — wort. HL. VI. 11. A.
• [Of mingled extraction]
• Privilege of sole
• Appropria­ted
• [adj. a. Memory (sign]
• [Manner] T. VI.
• New — [—Beginning her monethly course]
• appearing — [—(like) Mete­or.]
• — wort. HL. I. 9.
• Half — Fortification. RM. VI. 5.
• Man, [Tawny man]
• Land. Po. I. 9.
• — hen. Bi. VIII. 9.
• — Philosophy, [Ph. concerning manners.]
• a — [Signification belonging to manners]
• [Superiour]
• Adv. II. 2.
• — over, [Also]
• Next after]
• Good — [adj. Morning saluta­tion.]
• [adj. Dying (pot.]
• [adj. a. Dying (apt.]
• [Dying (pot.]
• [Dying (apt.]
• [Killing infection]
• For building. El. IV. 4. A.
• [adj. Contusion (vess.]
• [a. Repentance]
• for the—part, [adv. Most]
• [Ditch (augm.]
• Atom, [Powder (dim.]
• — mullein. HS. VIII. 4. A.
• — tongue, [Language of one's own nation]
• — of pearl. Ex. VIII. 3.
• [Disease] S. VI. 7.
• — wort. HF. VII. 13.
• — of Animals Progressive. Mo. I.
• — of the parts of Animals. Mo. III.
• Violent — Mo. VI.
• [adj. Move (apt.]
• — the brows. AC. IV. 1. A.
• the head. AC. IV. 4. A.
• [Offer] TA. IV. 2.
• [a. Impulsive]
• [Angry (make]
• — s, [Utensils]
• [Page] [Earth]
• [Type] sp. convex]
• Casting (vess. of melted bodies]
• Figuring (vess. of melted bodies]
• — of the head, [Dent of the upper part of the head]
• [p. Powder by putrefaction]
• — away, [Decay]
• [Mustiness]
• [Down (like) rottenness]
• [Factitious hill]
• to — [Ascend]
• — a horse, [Ascend upon a horse]
• ill— —ed [Riding on horse (perf.]
• well- —ed [Riding on horse (corr.]
• — a cannon, [Lift a cannon to his carriage]
• Wandring Physician]
• Juggling Physician]
• [Shew grief]
• [Grief (sign) sp. with (voice]
• in—ing, [adj. p. Vest adv. grief (sign]
• Dor — [adj. a. sleep (apt.) Mouse (kind]
• Field — [Long snouted venom­ous mouse (kind]
• Flitter — [Bat]
• — ear. HF. III. 13. A.
• — tail. HL. III. 16.
• codded — HS. IV. 12. A.
• — full, [adj. Mouth capacity]
• [Speaking (apt) indecent (things]
• [Reviling (apt.]
• mealy—'d, [not- adj. reproof (apt.]
• Orifice [Mouth (like]
• to — [a. Reviling]
• [Heap] sp. of Corn.]
• [Mock] sp. with face (manner]
• — feathers, [Let go f.]
• as — [Equal]
• for so—as Conj. IV. 1.
• make—of, [a. Courtesie (augm.]
• too — [Excessive]
• very — [Abundant]
• [Excrement]
• — fearne. HL. I. 8.
• moth — HS. VIII. 4. A.
• Sage — Sh. VI. 4. A.
• English — Fi. IV. 3. A.
• Lesser — Fi. IV. 6. A.
• — of the biggest sort. Be. III.
• — of the middle sort. Be. IV.
• — of the least sort. Be V.
• [a. Multiplier]
• [Beer in which husks of Wal­nuts are infused]
• [st'] Interj. III. 1. O.
• — ing, [Dance of Silents]
• — ing, [Dance of Disgui [...] ed]
• [Mastication (corr.]
• Voice confusedly]
• Speak confusedly]
• Corporation]
• sp. in gifts]
• [Fortification]
• [Ammunition]
• Indignation
• Disease infecti­ous
• Rust colour]
• Fish. Ex. VIII. 7. A.
• [a. Verse (art.]
• [Feign'd Goddess of vers (art]
• [Hole through hedge]
• to — [Meditate]
• Sound. Mo. V. 7. A. [Harmony]
• Art. Mo. V. 7. A. (art.)
• — cat. Herb.
• Hawk, [Sparhawk (male]
• Gun, [Footman's gun (augm.]
• Mood of Necessity
• [Determination] AS. IV. 8.
• [Necessity] T. V. 7.
• [Wine not yet fermented]
• [Sauce of Mustard]
• Tower — HS. IV. 12.
• Yellow Arabian — HS. IV. 13. A.
• [adj. a. Number]
• [Catalogue] adj. a. TM. III. 7. O.
• [adj. Alter (apt]
• [Light] Ha. IV. 7. D.
• indistinctly]
• confusedly]
• grudgingly]
• [Bonds of mouth]
• [a. Silence (make]
• — Symach. Sh. III. 11. A.
• Obscure (thing]
• Concealed (thing]
• say — [Deny]
• Iron pin to be driven in by knocking]
• Brass pin to be driven in by knocking]
• Not- clothed
• Un- covered
• Word. T. I. 4.
• — ly, Conj. IV. 3.
• nick — [Name (corr.]
• [Tufted superficies]
• [Sleep (fit]
• [adj. a. Sleep]
• [adj. A. Stupor]
• op. to Ample, [adj. Sp. II. 5. O.]
• op. to Broad, [adj. TM. II. 2. O]
• — ly, [adv. Heedfulness]
• [Birth (time]
• [adj. T. III. 7.]
• — ly, [adv. Spontaneity]
• — power. NP.
• — fool, [adj. Idiot (person]
• Law of — RC. IV. 1.
• — of a Church, [Greatest Tem­ple (room]
• — of cart, &c. Po. V. 7.
• — wort. HL. VIII. 6.
• Sea — HL. I. 11. A.
• come to — [Be annihilated]
• set at — [Contemn]
• — for, [Hurtful to.]
• [Ships (aggr.]
• [Army of ships]
• Beast. Be. II. 1.
• [adj. Neatness]
• [Cleanliness]
• [Decentness (augm]
• — of land, [Isthmus]
• must—s, [Must (augm.]
• [Necessity]
• — fish. Fi. III. 13. (p. Magnet]
• Mariners — [adj. iron pin. adj.
• Shepherds — [Venus combe] HF. I. 5. A.
• adj. neerness]
• adv. neerness]
• well — [Almost]
• Nighness. Sp. II. 3.
• [Frugality]
• Negligence]
• Contemning]
• [a. Business]
• [a. Commerce]
• [Neer] sp. dwelling]
• [None of the two]
• [Room sp. of bird]
• [Bed sp. of bird]
• sp. for hunting]
• [Inferiour]
• — most, [Most low]
• dead — [Archangel] HF. VII. 11
• — tree, [Lotus] Tr. III. 4.
• Sea — Ex. IX. 6. A.
• — so much, [How much soe­ver]
• — the less. Conj. II. 2. O.
• [Slightness] Ha. III. 4. E.
• [Being of no Faction]
• — of the Moon, [Beginning of Moon's monethly course]
• — s, [New Narration]
• [Most [...] sar]
• [Following]
• [Immediate]
• op. to Hardiness. NP. IV. 7. O.
• Over-cleanliness. Man. II. 6. E.
• Nick, [Notch]
• — name, [Name (corr.) sp. adj. Contempt]
• in the — [In the instant of time (perf.]
• — mare, [Ephialtes]
• — shade. HS. IX. 4.
• Enchanters — HF. VIII. 3. A.
• [Page] NP. I. 4. O.
• [Pinch between the tops of the fingers]
• [Bite (dim.]
• [Mock (dim.]
• — wort. HF. III. 14. A.
• [adj. Nothing]
• — body, [No man]
• — where, [Sp. II. 8. O.]
• Money [6 s.—8 d.]
• [Protuberance]
• [Sound (augm.]
• [Rumour (augm.]
• [adj. Molesting (apt.]
• [Teacher of Names]
• [Dictionary]
• — withstanding. Conj. II. 2. O.
• [Extraordinary]
• Tone. Q. III. 5.
• of — [Extraordinary]
• to — [Observe]
• Shew to know]
• [Publicly known]
• a — [New narration]
• [New Disciple]
• [Not-expert]
• [Nutrition] AC. I. 6.
• — a days, [In these times]
• — and then, [At some times]
• Impotence. NP. III. 5. O.
• Disease. S. IV. 6. A.
• [...] ird, [Titmouse]
• [Children (aggr.]
• [Young trees (aggr.]
• Fruit. PP. III. 3.
• Bladder — Tr. IV. 5.
• Chest — Tr. IV. 4.
• earth — HF. V. 10.
• Hazle — Tr. IV. 3. A.
• Small — Tr. IV. 3. A.
• Wall — Tr. IV. 1.
• — cracker, [Nut-breaking (jug.]
• — of a bow, [Retaining (jug.) of the string.]
• — of the thigh, [Fat Glandule of the—]
• — tree. Tr. IV. 6. A.
• Rivers, &c.]
• — of ship. RN. III. 3.
• — of metal, [Crude m.]
• [Impenitent]
• Written RC. VI. 5.
• op. to Plain. D. III. 9.
• Plebeian, [adj. People (kind]
• Mark. AS. III. 1. A.
• [a. Respect]
• [adj. Respect]
• [adj. Obedience]
• Patience (exc.) Man. I. 8 E.
• Constancy (exc.) Ha. IV. 7. E.
• [Hindering]
• [Stopping up]
• Disease. S. I. 4.
• — angle. Mag. III. 3. E.
• [Profession]
• [a. Possession]
• a. Contention]
• [adj. p. Hate (apt.]
• op. to Evenness. TM. III. 5. O.
• [Extraordinariness]
• [adj. World]
• Genitive. Prep. I. 1.
• [By.] Prep. I. 2.
• [Concerning] Prep. I. 3. A.
• out — Prep. I. 3.
• South — [S- from]
• Prep. III. 2. A.
• Cut — from- c.]
• Drive — from- d.]
• sp. adj. Residue.
• — in fighting. RM. I, 1.
• [Displeasing]
• — to do. TA. III. 3. A.
• [a. Oblation]
• [a. Sacrifice]
• [a. Incense]
• Trust. RC. IV. 6. A.
• [Employment] TA. III.
• good — [Benefit]
• Ecclesiastical — RE. II.
• [adj. Complaisanc [...] ]
• — box of a Bird. PP. V. 8. A.
• — of corn, [Beard—]
• [adj. Anointing (thing]
• — weed. HL. I. 13. A.
• bitter — Tr. V. I. A.
• holme — Tr. V. 2.
• Holy — HF. IX. 6. A.
• Scarlet — [Holm]
• — fearn. HL. I. 4. A.
• — of Cappado [...] ia. HF. I. 13. A.
• — of Ierusalem. HF. I. 13.
• Yellow — St. VI. 2.
• Red — St. VI. 2. A.
• how — [of what age]
• — age. Mea. VI. 4.
• [Decrepit] adj. Mea. VI. 4. A.
• op. to New. Sp. I. 3. A.
• — clothes, [Decayed c.]
• — fashion, [Unaccustom'd f.]
• — souldier, [Experienc'd s.]
• — time, [T. past (augm.]
• — the contrary, [adv. contra­ry]
• — fire, [adj. p. Fire]
• left hand, [Towards—]
• right hand, [Towards—]
• Concerning]
• Concern­ing]
• come — [Proceed]
• fight — [Prosecute fighting.]
• hold — [Prosecute]
• a. Assault]
• happen — [H. to.]
• [Upon] Prep. VI. 1.
• [One (time]
• [In past time]
• all at — [Together-all]
• — by — [adv. Segregateness]
• — another, [adv. Reciprocati­on]
• — for another, [Compensati­on]
• Confusedness]
• some — Pron. II. 3 A.
• certain — Pron. II. 3.
• [Onely] RO. IV. 2. O.
• [Alone] RO. IV. 2. O.
• Unshut. O. II. 2. O.
• Uncover. O. II. 3. O.
• Unfold, [Spread]
• Un- adj. p. Seal (make]
• Un adj. p. Impedient (make]
• Un-adj. p. Obstruction (make]
• Un-adj. Publicness (make.]
• [Page] Un-obscure, [a. Plain]
• Un-implicit, [a. Express]
• [adj. p. Opening]
• — air, [Clear air]
• — handed, [Liberal]
• Frank, [adj. Man. IV. 4.]
• In excess, [adj. Man. IV. 4. E]
• — house, [Hospitality for all comers.]
• — war, [Manifested war]
• in General. O. II.
• in Agriculture. O. III.
• in Fabrile. O. IV.
• in Sartorian. O. V.
• in Chymic. O. VI.
• in Pharmaceutic. O. VI. A.
• [Obstinate]
• Occasion (time]
• adj. Congruity (time]
• — of proposition. D. VI. 4.
• in — [distant ½ of a great Cir­cle]
• [adj. Seeing]
• [Seeing (art]
• — else, [adv. Other]
• [Oration (art.]
• [Prayer (place]
• — Imaginary. W. VI. A.
• — Echinatus. Fi. VIII. 2. A.
• — hirsu [...] us. Fi. VIII. 1. A.
• — maricatus. Fi. VIII. 2.
• — scutatus. Fi. VIII. 1.
• [a. Ordinance]
• [a. Ordination]
• Method. TM. V. 2.
• [Government]
• [adj. Order (perf.]
• [adj. Manners Homiletic]
• [adj. a. Subjection]
• [plur. Order]
• [adj. Ordination (thing]
• [Institution] RE. VI.
• Cannon, &c. RM. V. 6. A.
• Usual. TM. V. 3.]
• Between course and fine. Q. VI. 3.
• Mouth (like]
• [Beginning]
• — copy, [Exemplar]
• [Carelesness]
• [Over-saying]
• adj. Diversity]
• Pron. II. 2. O.
• — wise, [adv. Other]
• — whiles, [In some (times]
• — where, [In other (places]
• every, — [Every second]
• the — [The rest]
• [adj. Superiority]
• — bold, [B. (Exc.]
• — much, [Excess]
• adv. Vantage]
• — and above.
• more — [Also]
• [Above] Prep. V. 1.
• — thwart. Prep. III. 3.
• [Throughout] Prep. IV. 3.
• all — [Through all]
• all is — [All is past]
• give — [Desist]
• [Beyond] Prep. VI. 2. A.
• — against. Prep. VI. 3. O.
• [a. Fear (make]
• [Coaction by fear]
• [a. Submit (make]
• [a. Magisterialness]
• More then.]
• [...] hadow]
• [Over-flow]
• [v. Abundance]
• more than, &c.]
• [Cover by growing]
• [Cover (exc.]
• [Kill by covering]
• Slightness]
• a. Ey another's doing]
• [Look too high]
• [adv. Omitting]
• [Redundant (thing]
• [v. Superiour] RO. III.
• [Yield (make] [...] p. by Autho­rity]
• [Fill (exc.]
• [Cover with multitude]
• — himself, [a. Excess]
• [Office.] sp. of observing what others do in their offices]
• sp. by neglect.]
• — n with wine, [p. Drunken­ness—]
• a. Transverse (make]
• to receive an — RM. II. 1. D.
• Transverse]
• Prep. III. 3.
• sp. Proposition]
• v. Dueness]
• Mood of duty]
• [Any thing]
• Weight. Mea. III. 4.
• Beast. Be. IV. 3.
• Material. Prep. I. 3.
• Of Motion. Prep. IV. 2.
• sp. to be without]
• Discovered]
• the secret is —
• he is — [He erreth]
• they are — [They are ene­mies]
• autoritied]
• — of doors, [Without d.]
• — of doubt, [Without d.]
• — of fashion, [Un-custom'd]
• — of frame, [Confused]
• — of hand, [adv. Sudden]
• — of heart, [Discouraged]
• — of joynt, [Un-joynted]
• — of kinde, [Degenerous]
• — of order, [Confused]
• — of patience, [Vn-patienced]
• — of sight, [Not-visible]
• — of use, [Not-used]
• — of wits, [Mad]
• Int. II. 3. O.
• [v. Superiority]
• Un-adj. Suit (pot.]
• Proscribed]
• longer than]
• sp. in Anger.]
• [adj. Outside. RM. VI.]
• [Rampier] RM. VI 3.
• as Debt, [a. Debtor]
• as Duty, [a. Dueness]
• Not Horned. Bi. I. 4. A.
• my — [adj. I, adj. I. ]
• one's—man, [Rational (perf.]
• — er, [adj. Propriety (per­son.]
• Appropriate]
• Herb. HF. II. 6. A.
• Bi. I. 9. A.
• [Mode of going] Mo. II.
• [Five foot]
• [Degree of swiftness]
• [Measure in dancing]
• — ing, [Ambling] Mo. II. 2.
• a. Peaceable (make]
• — horse, [H. for carriage of pack]
• — saddle, [S. for carriage of pack]
• — thred, [Course thred for tying]
• to — a. Aggregate by toge­ther tying]
• to — Heap and bind]
• — away, [Depart with one's goods]
• — cards, [Order C. fraudu­lently]
• — Iury, [Chuse partially a Jury]
• to set—ing, [Depart (make]
• — boat. RN. I. 8.
• [Saddle (dim.]
• — nag, [adj. p. Riding (apt.) horse]
• — lock, [adj. p. Hanging (apt.]
• sp. in water.]
• [Park (dim.]
• [Servant for waiting]
• — master, [adj. Paying (Off.]
• put out of —
• Souldiers — [S. hire]
• — ing. TA. IV. 8.
• [Compensating]
• [a. Punishment]
• [a. Torture] RJ. VI. 1.
• [Aking, &c.] AC. II. 7.
• a. Operation]
• [Aggregate (thing]
• — of bellows, [B.]
• — of cards [Suit of c.]
• Roof. PG. III. 5.
• [Ta [...] t]
• — ness. AC. IV. 9. A.
• a — [Lamin] sp. of wood]
• Seem (make]
• Cover (corr.]
• — of hand, [Concave (part]
• Tree, [Date]
• dwarfe — Sh. III. 2.
• [Carkin] PP. II. 1. A.
• — worm, [Caterpillar]
• [adj. p. Feeling (apt.]
• [Manifest (augm.]
• Brain- [Concave bone cover­ing the brain]
• Knee- [Convex bone cover­ing the knee]
• Warming- [adj. Warming (vess.]
• Frying- [adj. Frying (vess.]
• — cake, [Fry'd Pudding (La­min.]
• [Earthen Tray]
• [Lamin (dim.]
• [Catalogue of names]
• [Saddle for burdens]
• — of Hawk, [Belly—]
• [Corn] HL. II. 5.
• — grass. HL. III. 1. A.
• — fear, [Causeless univer­sal f.]
• [Water adj. p. consistence with bread.]
• — of an apple, [adj. p. consi­stence pulp—]
• Factitious. Pr. VI. 7.
• Aggregate (dim.]
• to — [a. Segregate]
• [Absolution]
• — debt. TA. IV. 9. A.
• Superficies]
• — age, [Parent (kind]
• [Equalness]
• Levelling. RC. I. O.
• — leaves, [Tutsan] HS. V. [...] .
• Parole, Promise]
• Bastard — HF. V. 12. A.
• milky — HF. V. 13 A.
• Stone — HF. IV. 2.
• Cow — HF. IV. 15.
• Water — HF. IV. 15. A.
• adj. Parish-Priest]
• Possessor of Priest's re­venue]
• Portion TM. VI. O.
• Member TM. VI. O.
• Best — TM. VI. 1.
• Worst — TM. VI. 1. O.
• most persons]
• take one's — [Assist, &c.]
• one of excellent—s, [—Quali­ties]
• good ill —of him g. acti­on]
• good ill —of him i. acti­on]
• to take in good — [Ac­cept (perf.]
• to take in ill — [Ac­cept (corr.]
• Segregateness]
• Conten­tion]
• a commanded — RM. IV. 6.
• — colour'd, [adv. Variety co­lour'd]
• — per pale, [Alternly]
• Word. D. II. [...] . A.
• op. to Universal, [adj. TM. III. 3.]
• a — [Catalogue]
• —in a building. Po. III. 1. A.
• —in discourse. D. IV. 4. A.
• red — Bi. II. 6. A.
• — flower, [Pussatilla] HF. IX. 3. A.
• Proceeding]
• Not-observe]
• a. Omission]
• a. Transition]
• life, [Live]
• word, [Promise]
• -as bell, [a. Dying (sign]
• -one's right, [Alienate]
• come to — [adj. p. Event]
• I will — [I will desist]
• I—not for it, [I esteem it not]
• [way] sp. over river]
• brought to that —
• Thrust (imp.]
• Prick (end]
• [Written Licence for travel­ling]
• [Transaction]
• Corp. action sign into it. AC. IV.
• — time. Sp. I. 1. E.
• [Raw bread]
• [Glue of ground corn]
• Recreation]
• [adj. Store-room for adj. py (things]
• [a. py (art.]
• to — [Repair with frag­ments]
• — with, [a. Fraud]
• Vertue. Man. I. 8.
• a — [adj. p. Physician (per­son]
• Wide shallow dish]
• Cover of cup]
• Before Christ. RE. II. 1.
• Lover of one's Na­tion.]
• Benefa­ctour of one's Na­tion.]
• of Dependent. RO. III. 9.
• of Slave, [Master]
• of Church-living, [adj. Giving (pot.]
• [a. Patron]
• [Under-adj. foot (jug.]
• Belly] PG. IV. 6.
• to — [Un-a. bowel]
• Discontinue]
• a — [Period]
• — ableness. Man. IV. 3.
• Tacitur­nity]
• to — [Accuse]
• Rustic (person]
• Villain (person]
• Chich — HS. III. 2.
• Winged wild — HS. II. 5. A.
• — Earth-nuts. HS. II. 7. A.
• adj. a. Sin]
• to — Mo. VI. 5. A.
• Teacher (corr.) of children]
• adj. Pusillanimity (person]
• Sorry (dim.]
• Little (corr.]
• — meal, [adv. Part (segr.]
• all to —s, [In parts]
• sp. by adding fragment]
• -together, [Together-joyn]
• Bakers — [Staff with Lamin at the end]
• — of day, [Day (inc.]
• [See (end) secretly]
• [Cry as Bird (young]
• — less, [Not adj. p. Equal (pot.]
• [Factitious bank]
• — of Spain. HF. V. 11.
• — of the wall. HF. I. 16.
• [Game of striking bowl (dim.) through a hole]
• Sheeps — [Sh. skin]
• Shepherds — [Sh. (vest.]
• [Cast stones]
• -knife, [K. for pens]
• [Punishment]
• [Repentance]
• [p. Hanging thing]
• adj. a. Swing]
• Into— ition]
• Through- ition]
• Out— ition]
• Writing (per­son]
• — father, [Penurious (per­son]
• — worth, [Price (manner]
• Wall — HL. VIII. 6.
• — er, [adj. p. Stipendiated (person]
• op. to Liberality. Man. III. 3. E.
• op. to Magnificence, [Sordid­ness.]
• Common — RC. I. 5.
• — wort. HS. VI. 6.
• Ginny — HS. IV. 8. A.
• Wall — HL. VIII. 5. A.
• Contin­gence]
• About— walk­ing]
• Through- walk­ing]
• a. Sense sp. inc.]
• See. sp. inc.]
• Understand sp. inc.]
• [Transverse stick]
• to — [Sit upon a stick]
• Measure. Mea. I. 5.
• Fish. Fi. IX. 6.
• Sea — Fi. V. 10.
• Destruction]
• sp. forein]
• Experience]
• [a. Hole (make]
• [Through-bore]
• [a. Ceasing]
• [Sentence] D. III. 1. A..
• Point. D. I. 6. A.
• Interpunction. D. I. 4.
• Line about the ex­tremity]
• Circle▪] Mag. III. 2.
• p. Destruction]
• Shrub. HS. VIII. 10.
• Fish. Ex. VII. 6. A.
• Gem. St. III. 2.
• Mother of — [Shell of the adj. a. Perl-oyster]
• — in the ey, [Perl (like) spot in the ey]
• [Not-forbid]
• [Not-hinder]
• [Yielding] TA. IV. 1.
• [a. Licence]
• [Tangling (apt.) difficulty]
• — s, [adj. Event profits]
• For Religion. RE. III. 4. O.
• — Iudicial. RJ. I.
• — Military. RM. III.
• Degrees of — RC. I.
• (Confident]
• Molesting sp. by affecti­on (augm.)
• Confusion sp. by affecti­on (augm.)
• Through- consider]
• All- consider]
• adj. a. Plague]
• Hurtful (augm.]
• — of Pork, [Thigh—]
• Religious. RE. IV. 2. A.
• adj. a. Fancy (corr.]
• Sentence (manner]
• Instead-word]
• [Wizarding by inspection of the face.]
• Provision. Pr. I. 4. A.
• Mag — Bi. I. 8.
• Sea — [Sea-mew] Bi. VII. 8.
• — a secret.
• — out, [a. Election]
• — out of one, [Gain from one]
• — a quarrel, [Obtain (end) an occasion of q.]
• — a thank, [Obtain (end) thanks [sp. by accusing]
• — Pocket, [a. Theft out of p.]
• — Purse, [a. Theft out of p.]
• — a bo [...] e one's ear one's teeth, [Cleanse b.]
• — a bo [...] e one's ear one's teeth, [Cleanse e]
• — a bo [...] e one's ear one's teeth, [Cleanse t]
• — a vessel, [Broach a v.]
• — er, [Boring (instr.]
• to God, [Religion (hab.]
• to Parents, [Gratitude]
• Ginny — Be III. 6. A.
• — of lead, [Cast (thing) of Lead.]
• [Spear] RM. V. 3.
• Fish. Fi. IX. 1.
• — wort. HF. IX. 4. A.
• [Ball (dim.]
• — beer, [Case of Pillow]
• —without head. Mag. IV. 1.
• —with head. Mag. VI. 2. A.
• — fish. Fi. VI. 2. A.
• — and web, [Suffusion in the ey.]
• — fold, [Imprisoning (sep.) for beasts.]
• — a house, [Under-fill the foundation]
• as pain, [Twitch]
• — penny, [Penurious (per­son]
• [a. Anxiety]
• — apple, [Nut of the Pine­tree]
• Lean (augm.]
• Flower. HS. V. 1. A.
• [Ship (dim.]
• to —Pr. III. 5.
• — eyed, [Narrow ey]
• Figure. Mag. V. 5. A.
• — of wing, [Elbow—]
• to — [a. Bonds for the arms]
• Square. Mag. V. 9.
• Round. Mag. V. 9. A.
• Wind — PG. VI. 1. A.
• — tree. Sh. IV. 1.
• White — Sh. V. 3. A.
• Music with pipe]
• Malignity sp. secret]
• Hatred sp. secret]
• — Cornutus. Fi. VIII. 3. A.
• Aversation]
• [adj. Hand-gun (dim.]
• Arm — [Concave (part) under the arm]
• — fall, [Concave (place) in the earth for catching birds]
• — of a hill, [Obliquity (inc.)—]
• [Tar boyled to a consi­stence]
• [Smear with Pitch]
• — Camp, Place c.]
• — Net, Direct n.]
• — Tens, Fix t.]
• — a floor, [a. Floor with stones]
• Part (dim.]
• Proportion (dim.]
• a. Pitty (apt.]
• p. Pitty (apt.]
• [Not-adj. a. Pitty]
• [Situation]
• — Military. RM. VI.
• [House (augment.]
• [Degree] RC. I.
• chuse in ones's —
• Substitute (make]
• Successor (make]
• Yield Superiority (sign]
• Take Superiority (sign]
• [Pestilence] S. II. 3 A.
• [Adversity (augm.]
• op. to Work. O. A.
• — fellow, [Companion in play.]
• — with, [Together-play]
• — fast and loose, [a. Light­ness.]
• [Page] — the Coward, [a. C.
• the Fool, [a. F.
• the Hypocrite, [a. H.
• the Truant, [a. T.
• the Wanton, [a. W.
• — er. RC. II. 9.
• Stage — [adj. p. Player (thing]
• a. Recreation] Mo. V.
• a. Game] Mo. V. A.
• — at a game, [a. Game]
• — at Dice, &c. [a. Dice, &c.]
• — at single Rapier, &c. [a. Fence at s. &c.]
• — upon an instrument, [a. Mu­sic.]
• — upon a man, [a. Mock a man.]
• — upon with guns, [a. Gun]
• Plain. Mag. III. 4.
• Even.] Q. VI. 2.
• Champain. W. III. 1.
• Carpenter's — [adj. a. Even (instr.]
• Not-obscure. D. III. 9.
• Manifest] TA. I. 9.
• [adj. a. Even (instr.]
• to —[a. Floor with wood (la­min]
• — guns, [Place guns on bank]
• — a Country, [a. Colony]
• — of foot, [Bottom—]
• Herb. HL. VII. 2.
• Sea — HL. VII. 4.
• Tree. Tr. I. 9.
• [Colony] RC. III. 1. A.
• — of water, [Lake (dim.]
• — y, [adj. Lake dim.]
• Medecin. Pr. VI. 4. A.
• Morter. El. IV. 5. A.
• — er, [adj. Morter (mech.]
• [Lamin] sp. Metall (lam.]
• [Shallow dish]
• Description by lines]
• Praise (voice]
• Joy (voice]
• [adj. a. Delectation (apt.]
• [Delectation]
• [Appeasing]
• at one's — [According to ones will]
• Benefactor]
• Compla­cence]
• to—one, [Answer in drink­ing]
• Fold in wrinkles]
• Weave with the fingers]
• Limberness]
• a. Obedience (apt.]
• p. Persuasion (apt.]
• in good — [adj. Vigour]
• green — Bi. VII. 2.
• grey — Bi. VII. 2. A.
• — ing. O. III. 1. A.
• — a Bird, [Un a. feather]
• Sheeps — [Sh. PG. VI.]
• — tree. Tr. II. 2. A.
• Perpendicu­larness measu­ring (instr.]
• Transversness measu­ring (instr.]
• [Feathers (aggr.) for orna­ment]
• Un- a. Feather]
• a. Order (perf.) the feathers]
• Carpenter's — [Weight for measuring perpendicular­ness.]
• [Convex (perf.) with fat­ness]
• Dive (make]
• Difficulty (imp.]
• — ity. TM. III. 2. O.
• [Hunt (corr.]
• — egg, [a. Consistence by boiling] sp. unshelled]
• Small — S. II. 4.
• — hole, [Concave Pox (sign]
• French — S. II. 6.
• — wood [Guaiacum] Tr. VII. 2.
• Full — [Period]
• — of death.
• — in the compass, [A two and thirtieth part of the cir­cle.]
• — in Tables, [A four and twentieth part of the Area.]
• — of land, [Promontory]
• [Cord (dim.]
• 'tis come to that —
• [Proposition]
• — in controversie.
• [Shew with finger]
• [Distinguish with Period]
• [Try the gravity]
• [Weigh equally]
• — of Cart. Po. V. 5. A.
• — of a ship. RN. III. 3. A.
• — of a globe. Mag. II. 1. A.
• Fish. Fi. VII. 2.
• Disputation]
• Civil — [adj. RC. (art.]
• — of assurance, [Bond against loss]
• sweet —Ex. IX. 1. A.
• [a. Smooth]
• [Hinder part of the neck]
• by the — [adv. Persons (segr.]
• [Cut (perf.) the hair]
• Impoverish by taxes]
• [Deer (male) adj. pret. let go his horns]
• [Lopped tree]
• Sphear of per­fumes]
• Apple (like] of per­fumes]
• — tree. Tr. I 6.
• Solemnity (augm.]
• Magnificence]
• — weed. HL. VII. 8.
• narrow leaved — HF. VIII. 6. A.
• Fish — Po. I. 6.
• [Deliberate]
• [adj. Poverty]
• Needy, [adj. wanting]
• [adj. p. Pitty (apt.]
• — ness, [Poverty]
• — gun, [Gun (like) Tube]
• [Bishop] sp. of Rome]
• black — Tr. VI. 8.
• white — Tr. VI. 8. A.
• bastard — HS. VI. 4. A.
• horned — HS. IV. 10.
• [Beloved by the people]
• Herb. HL. VIII. 3.
• — hole. RN. II. 7.
• [adj. out-side Dignity]
• [adj. Proportion (part]
• Wife's — [W. part of the Inhe­ritance]
• a. Description]
• a. Picture]
• [Try] sp. by questions
• Non-plus. D. VI. 8.
• Flowers (aggr.]
• Sentence upon-written]
• Proposition]
• Affirmation]
• a. Possession]
• Prescription, [Custom of possession]
• take — (Possess (inc.]
• [Wooden column]
• ride — [Ride on divers horses successively]
• [Publish by writing on co­lumn]
• After- written (thing]
• Under- written (thing]
• — companions, [adj. a. Drun­kenness c.]
• — hangers, [adj. a. Hanging (jug.) for pot.]
• — herb, [H. for broth]
• — lid, [adj. Covering (thing) for pot.]
• [Page] — sherd, [Fragment of earthen (vess.]
• Powerful (person]
• sp. Medicinal]
• [Bag (dim.]
• [...] o — [Swallow]
• gun — RM. V. 7. A.
• [a. Pouder (make]
• sp. with salt]
• to — [Pink]
• Weight. Mea. III. 5.
• Money. Mea. IV. 5.
• Pinfold, [Imprisoning (sep.) for beasts.]
• [Bray with Cylinder] Mo. VI. [...] .
• Tax adv. Pound (segr.]
• Payment adv. Pound (segr.]
• Eel — Fi. VI. 6. A.
• [Heathcock] Bi. II. 5.
• Natural — NP.
• Might] Ha. II. 6.
• — full, [adj. a. Power]
• in one's — [adj. p. Power]
• — Law RC. II. A. L.]
• — Physic RC. II. A. P.]
• — ed, [Expert]
• Go proudly]
• [Extraordinary action]
• [a. Ornate (make]
• — stone, [Gem]
• Chymic. O. VI. 3. A.
• Capital punishment. RJ. V. 3. A.
• [Hast (exc.]
• [a. Rashness]
• Perfect (augm.]
• Regular (augm.]
• [Scrupulous]
• Before-telling]
• More power­ful]
• adj. a. Victory]
• SuperIority]
• Excellence]
• Before-buying.]
• First-buying.]
• More- esteem]
• Before- chuse]
• — bill, [adj. a. Bill]
• a. Sentence]
• — food. Pr. III.
• [Before-appoint]
• —by Law, [a. Law]
• —by Custom, [a. Right (make) by pret. custom]
• — in place. Sp. II. 1.
• — chamber, [Room for King's presence]
• — in time. Sp. I. 1.
• [Sprightliness]
• Right of gi­ving
• Giving of right
• adv. Present]
• adv. Future (dim.]
• Action of God. AS. I. 4.
• a. Compression]
• — to death. RJ. V. 3.
• Printer's — [adj. a. Printing (jug.]
• Wine — [adj. Wine (jug]
• — souldiers, [a. Souldier (make) by coaction]
• Aggre­gate]
• Affliction]
• Confidence]
• [a. Hope (corr.]
• [Presuming]
• sp, Conjectural]
• [Hope (corr.]
• Irreverence]
• Seeming cause]
• Feigned cause]
• [Seem (make]
• [Dissemble]
• [Handsom (dim.]
• [Betraying by pleading]
• Preparation]
• Mark [...] [adj. p. Object (thing]
• Tooth] Mag. IV. 2.
• Prickle, [Thorn] PP. I. 3. A.
• — ing. Mo. VI. 7. A.
• — pain. AC. II. 7. A.
• — forward, [a. Impul­sive]
• — on, [a. Impul­sive]
• — in, [a. Plant]
• up, [a. Direct]
• — wood. Sh. I. 4. A.
• Iewish — RE. II. 2.
• Christian — RE. II. 5.
• [King's Son]
• — 's feather. HF. I. 15. A.
• — 's wood. Tr. VII. 6. A.
• [Governour]
• — ness. TM. IV. 4.
• [Impression]
• — ing. AC. III. 7. A.
• [adj. p. Imprison (person]
• op, to Public, [adj. TM. V. 5. O.
• — man, [Not-magistrate]
• Ever-green — Sh. III. 3. A.
• Mock — Sh. III. 3.
• — parts. PG. VI. [...] .
• — ed place, [p. Immunity (place]
• [Reward of victory]
• Fighting sp. for wager]
• Gaming sp. for wager]
• — er, [adj. p. Essaying (per­son]
• Proposi­tion to be dis­puted]
• Question to be dis­puted]
• - Iudicial. RJ. II.
• [a. Proceeding]
• — of a bone, [Protuberant (part]
• sp. written]
• [Proceeding]
• [Solemn about-walking]
• Publishing]
• Delay sp. till next day.]
• Protract sp. till next day.]
• sp. writing]
• [Procuring]
• Preter-natural (thing]
• sp. before-signing a. ad­versity]
• [adj. Prodigy]
• [Great (augm.]
• [Out-take] sp. from conceal­ing (place.]
• — fruit, [a. Fruit]
• — by Multiplication, [a. Pro­duct]
• Long (make]
• Irreligious, [adj. RE. IV. D.]
• to —, RE. V. 1. O.
• [Acknowledgment]
• Calling. RC. II.
• [adj. Profitable (thing]
• — able. T. IV. 1.
• to — [a. Profit]
• — in learning, [Increase—]
• [Driven away]
• [Obscureness]
• Squandering]
• — of Animals. Mo. I.
• Continuing]
• [Designing]
• [Contriving]
• — Chymic, [a. Factitious Gold]
• — of sphere, [Repressing it up­on a Plain]
• — to God, [Vow]
• — in contract. RO. VI. 3.
• — for another, [Stipulate]
• Espouse. RO. II. 3.
• [a. Dignity]
• [adj. p. Disciple (apt.]
• to — [Dictate secretly]
• Disposition]
• Inclination]
• [Probation]
• of — [adj. p. Essaying]
• Confirmation]
• Inclination (apt.]
• op. to Common. [adj. TM. IV. 6.]
• op. to Figurate [adj. D. III. 6.
• [Proper (thing]
• [Propriety]
• Irreligious. [adj. RE. IV. D.]
• to — RE. V. 1. O.
• sp. by Sacrifice]
• — Arithmetical, [Equality of differences]
• well—ed, [Figured (perf-]
• [a. Proposition]
• — judicially, [Continue adj. a. Accuser]
• — ive glass, [Glass (instr.) for seeing remote (things]
• a — [Commona. unchast (fem]
• [Conservation]
• [Defending]
• — against. RJ. II. 8.
• First notary]
• Chief notary]
• First type.]
• Chief type.]
• — bitch, [adj. Coition (apt) b.]
• [a. Providence]
• - for, [a. Heedfulness against]
• Conditionally that.]
• — of God. AS. I. 2.
• — of Man. Man. III. 2.
• — Eccesiastical, [Primate's (place]
• [Page] a — [Chief (Off.) of a Pro­vince]
• Necessaries. Pr.
• Challenge. RM. I. 2.
• to — O. III. 8.
• sp. Medicinal.]
• — grass, [Penny-royal]
• [Durty water]
• to — [a. Durty (make]
• Wind (imp.]
• Breath (imp.]
• [Swell] sp. with wind] S. I. 5. A.
• — up, [a. Proud (make]
• — bird, [Un- a. feather b.]
• — in pieces, [Tear into frag­ments]
• Motion. Mo. III. 1.
• oyly purging — HS. VII. 10. A.
• Shoe, [limber-bottom'd adj. foot (vest.]
• to—out, [Know (end) by questioning]
• [adj. p. Hole (make) by stri­king]
• [Drink of Brandy and Wa­ter]
• New] sp. Learner]
• — Capital. RJ. V.
• — not Capital. RJ. VI.
• — ness. TM. V. 7.
• vid. Purge.
• Evacuation. Mo. IV.
• [Dunging] sp. by Physic]
• [Pure (make]
• Expiating [Unguilty (make]
• [Absolving]
• — upon oath, [Swear (make) innocence]
• a — [a. Dunging medecin.]
• [...] of lace. Pr. IV. 5. A.
• [Mixture of drinks] sp. with wormwood.]
• Fish. Fi. Ex. VII. 2. A.
• Colour. Q. II. 4.
• — s, [adj. a. Purple fever]
• Intention. AS. IV. 3.
• full — [Resolution]
• beside the — [Impertinent]
• of — [adv. Design]
• on — [adv. Considerate]
• Frustration]
• to what — [For what end]
• — er. RN. V. 5. A.
• — net, [Net bag (like]
• Shepherd's —
• Asthmatical]
• Fat (corr.]
• — tree, [Halimus] Sh. VI. 6.
• — ing. RM. II. 3. E.
• Tumor (dim. S. III. 1.
• to — [Thrust (imp.]
• Proper. TA. I. 1.
• — away, [Abdicate]
• — back, [Retire (make]
• — by, [a. Frustration]
• P [...] llulate]
• — in, [a. Inside]
• — bail, [a. Stipulation]
• — a box, [Into a box]
• — execution, [a. Execute]
• — fear, [a. Fear (make]
• — one's head, [a. Think (make]
• — hope, [a. Hope (make]
• — mind, [a. Remember (make]
• — order, [a. Order]
• — practice, [a. Practice]
• — print, [a. Print]
• — remembrance, [a. Memory (make]
• — writing, [a. Write]
• — ones clothes, [Un- a. clothe]
• — one's clothes, [a. clothe]
• Annihilate]
• — of doors, [a. Exile]
• — of office, [Un- a. Office]
• — of order, [a. Confusion]
• a. Blindness]
• Un- a. Eye]
• Arbitrator (make]
• — be done, [Appoint to be d.]
• — be kept, [Appoint to be k.]
• a. Capital punish­ment]
• — flight, [a. Fly (make]
• — shame, [a. Shame]
• — shift, [a. Difficulty]
• — it, [a. Difficulty]
• — sword, [a. Sword]
• — venture, [a. Essay]
• — use, [a. Usury]
• — together, [Together▪ put]
• — a hare, [a. Motion h.]
• — petition, [a. Petition]
• — sword, [a. sheath s.]
• — wrong, [Not-revenge w.]
• — upon, [a. Impulsive]
• — case, [Suppose]
• — an end to, [a. End]
• to — [adj. p. Discourage­ment]
• Beautiful (augm.]
• Ornate (augm.]
• Transcendental Relation of — TM. V.
• Sensible. Q.
• Visible — Q. I.
• Audible — Q. III.
• Belonging to Tast or Smell. Q. IV.
• more Active. Q. V.
• more Passive. Q. VI.
• Nauseousness (imp.]
• Fainting (imp.]
• in General. TM. I
• Continued. TM. II.
• Discontinued. TM. III.
• — of glass, [adj. Glass (lam.]
• [Stones (place]
• — of the Moon, [The fourth part of her monethly course]
• — of timber, [The fourth part of a tree cut long-wise]
• — of Mutton, [The fourth part of the body of sheep]
• Capital punishment. RJ. V. 1. A.
• — master. RN. V. 2.
• [Immunity from killing]
• Herb, [Pompion] HS. VII. 1.
• sp. a [...] bog]
• [Modulation]
• King (fem.]
• King's Wife]
• — thirst, [Un-thirst]
• [Sworn adj. searching (Off.]
• Accuse (inc.]
• Suspected (make]
• Motion (dim.]
• Noise (dim.]
• — of apprehension, [adj. Saga­city]
• Soon (augm.]
• Transitory (augm.]
• [adj. Dispatch]
• — sands. W. III. 7.
• — set, [Growing sepiment]
• — silver. Met. III. 1.
• op. to Motion. Mo. O.
• [adj. Silence]
• [Peaceable]
• op. to Molest. TA. V. 9.
• [Without care]
• [Pin] sp. concave]
• [Stiffen with sowing]
• sp. extracted Chimically]
• — of Church, [Chief Temple (part]
• — of people, [Singers (aggr.]
• — of paper, [Four and twenty sheets]
• to be—with, [adj. a. pret. Compensate]
• — and clean. [adv. Total]
• to — [Tremble]
• Confused noise]
• Endeavour (augm.]
• [adj. Running (place]
• [Descendents (aggr.] RO. I. 1. O.
• to — [Spoil] vid. Raze.
• — for horse, &c. [Rack for Hay]
• — for spit, [Spit-supporting (jug.]
• — for torment, [adj. RJ. VI. 3. (jug.]
• Torment. RJ. VI. 3.
• — wine, [Separate it from the Lees]
• [adj. Net (instr.) for a. balling]
• Radicate. [a. Root]
• — stone. St. I. 2.
• — wort. HF. III. 7.
• sp. of anger]
• Fish. Maide.]
• [Half diameter]
• Beam [Line of light]
• [Leaf of metal]
• — in battel, [adj. p. Order for battel]
• — of a Fish. PP. IV. 6. A.
• Bird. Bi. II. 8. A.
• to — [Revile]
• Water. El. III. 3.
• — bow. El. V. 1.
• Rise (make]
• — Devils, [Appear (make) D.]
• — from sleep, [Waken]
• — siege, [Un- a. siege]
• — up, [Up-raise]
• [High (make]
• — a bank, [a. Bank (make]
• — men, Gather—]
• — money, Gather—]
• — war, [War (make]
• Augmentation
• — one's voice, [More-a. voice]
• — of a ship. RN. II. 9. A.
• [adj. Staples (line) together
• adj. gathering (instr.]
• — hell, [Vicious (augm.) per­son]
• [Gather with Rake]
• — up together, [Gather as with Rake]
• [a. Pain adv. scratching (like]
• [Stinking adv. Goat (like]
• sp. by down-knocking]
• — Into, [Into-ram]
• sp. by knocking]
• — ant, [Standing on the hinder legs]
• a — [Wanton adj. a. Rusticity (fem.]
• mountain — HL. IV. 12. A.
• — of beef, [Flank—]
• — of leather, [Long (part—]
• — shot, [Not-aimed]
• About-v. journey]
• [Leafed (exc.]
• [Genuine (corr.]
• sp. of person] RJ. I.
• [Search (augm.]
• captivating]
• Greediness. NP. IV. 5.
• [Scraping] Man. III. 2. E.
• [Wild Turnip]
• [Forcible stupration]
• [Seldomness] Sp. II. 6. O.
• Tactil quality. Q. V. 3. D.
• op. to Fortitude. Man. I. 7. E.
• op. to Considerate. Ha. IV. 1. D.
• — 's bane, [Arsenic]
• [Proportion]
• before chuse]
• [a. Authority]
• [Page] [a. Rational]
• [Discourse]
• — Power. NP. I.
• — Soul. W. I. 6.
• [Noise by mutual striking of solids (dim.]
• [Reproving (augm.]
• — of ship. RN. IV. 2.
• [a. Confusion]
• Bird. Bi. I. 5.
• [a. Rapacity]
• Take violently]
• Stuprate violently]
• [a. Extasie]
• [Un-skinn'd]
• Not-cook'd. adj. Pr. III. O.
• [Not-digested]
• sp. by shaving]
• [Shaving (instr.]
• Fish. Ex. VIII. [...] . A.
• — bill. Bi. IX. 7.
• [Extend one's arm]
• [Deliver with extended arm]
• a. Pandiculation]
• Vomit (end]
• — after, [Take (end]
• [Understand]
• — of a river, (curve (part) of stream]
• — ing, [Learning] Ha. VI. 4.
• — to, [a. Teacher]
• [Dispatch'd]
• — to dy, [Almost adj. fut. dying]
• [Thing (abstr.]
• [Sincerity]
• [a. Direct (make]
• Faculty. NP. I.
• Moderation]
• by—of. Prep. I. 2. O.
• in — [adv. Equity]
• out of — [Excessively]
• — for, [a. Probation (end]
• — against, [Confute (end]
• Mediocri­ty]
• — government. Man. VI. 6.
• Vice. Man. V. 5. D.
• Crime. RJ. III. 3.
• [Receiving]
• [Direction of Physic]
• [adj. Acquitting (thing]
• [adj. Receiving (person]
• [adj. Gathering (Off.]
• adj. p. Receive]
• Receiving (thing]
• Containing (vess.]
• [adj. Concealing (place]
• [Again-say]
• [a. Number]
• — up, [a. Number]
• Number (exc.]
• Account too-much]
• the—ing, [adj. p. ought pay (thing]
• [a. Gentle (make]
• — from errour, [Convert]
• — from vice, [Repent (make]
• [Consider again]
• [Acknowledge]
• sp. adv. Commending]
• Contention]
• [a. Peace (make]
• [a. Memory]
• take to - [a. Notary (make]
• Notary] RJ. I. 5.
• Judge assistant to the City (Off.]
• [adj. Music pipe]
• [Page] [Back-come]
• [Possess again]
• [Again- v. Healthy]
• sp. through Cowardise]
• Moderateness in it. Man. II. 5.
• Immoderateness in it. Man. II. 5. D.
• — of Metals. Met. IV.
• strengthen]
• op. to Curve.]
• — angle, [Square having four right angles.]
• Chymical — O. VI. 6. A.
• [adj. Refusing (person]
• [Schismatic]
• — breast. Bi. V. 5.
• — lead, [Cinnabar]
• — start. Bi. V. 5. A.
• Action of God. AS. I. 7.
• [Buy liberty]
• [Un- a. slave]
• sp. in Reputation]
• sp. for Fortitude]
• Again-make]
• [Bring back]
• [Superfluous]
• [a. Double]
• Burr — HL. III. 15. A.
• flowring — HL. V. 4.
• sweet smelling — HL. III. 11.
• — mace. HL. III. 15.
• [Stagger] Mo. II. 4. O.
• Again— entry]
• Back— entry]
• Again— esta­blish]
• back— esta­blish]
• [Refreshment]
• Feeding. Pr. I. 1. A.
• [a. Relation]
• [a. Arbitrator (make]
• [Un- a. sediment]
• [Look back]
• [Again-consider]
• Reflecting]
• a. Reputation (corr.]
• [Perversness]
• [Contumacy]
• op. to weariness. TA. V. 8.
• Prote­ction
• [Rejecting]
• [Abdicating]
• [Power of first buying]
• the — [Worst part]
• in that — [Therefore] Conj. III. 3. A.
• in—of. Pron. I. 2.
• — less, [Careless]
• Again beget]
• as a— of souldiers. RM. IV 2. A.
• — of the air, [Part]
• — non cristatus. Bi. VI. 4. A.
• [King's (time]
• Horse — [adj. Cohibiting (arm]
• [Cord of Bridle]
• [Kidney] PG. VI. 7.
• Running of the — [Flux]
• Again— fall]
• Back— fall]
• [Again-sicken]
• [a. Apostasie]
• [Pertain to]
• — Oeconomic. RO.
• — of Consanguinity. RO. I.
• — of Affinity. RO. II.
• — of Superiority and Inferiority. RO. III.
• — of Equality. RO. IV.
• — Civil. RC.
• — Iudicial. RJ.
• — Military. RM.
• — Naval. RN.
• [Narration]
• [Page] [Report]
• [Refreshing]
• [adj. a. Liberty]
• High - [Protube­rance (augm.]
• Low - [Protube­rance (dim.]
• a. Pity (inc.]
• a. Repent (inc.]
• — guard, [Renew g.]
• — town. RM. I. 4. O.
• Natural — RE. II. 1.
• Gentil — RE. II. 2.
• Iewish — RE. II. 3.
• Christian — RE. II. 4.
• Mahometan — RE. II. 5.
• a—person. Regular. RE. II. 6.
• Dereliction]
• Observable]
• — of fault. RJ. II. 9. O.
• — of debt, TA. IV. 9. O.
• op. to Intenseness. TM. I. 8. D.
• [Sloth] Ha. IV. 5. D.
• Defect of justice. Man. I. 1. D.
• Remisseness]
• sp. sudden]
• — as taken. RM. II. 6. D.
• [Back-give]
• — lesson, [Repeat l.]
• — like for like, [Compen­sate]
• [Translate]
• — account, [a. Account]
• — a reason, [Shew reason]
• — thanks, [a. Gratitude]
• [Convention] sp. Military]
• [Convention (place]
• Reputation (augm.]
• Fame (augm.]
• [Abdication]
• [Rejection]
• Un-disburse]
• Mend] TA. II. 9.
• in good — [In g. state]
• to give — [Compensate]
• — lesson, [Say I.]
• Back-strike]
• op. to Alacrity]
• Aversation (augm.]
• — of a gun, [Sound of gun]
• [v. Confidence]
• Letters of — [Commission for Compensation for losses by bootying]
• [Back-driving]
• Master of—s, [Receiving (Off.) of Petitions]
• till another time]
• — of souldiers. RM. IV. 5. A.
• — edness. Man. IV. 4. D.
• [v. Present]
• — to God , [a. Self-denial]
• [Un- a. doubt (make]
• [Purpose] AS. IV. 4.
• [a. Result]
• pret. Resolve]
• [Resolving]
• [Resoluteness]
• Deference. Man. V. 4.
• in—of, [For] Prep. I. 2. A.
• Time of Intermission]
• to — [Protract]
• I will be—for, [I stipulate for]
• op. to Motion. M. O.
• Silence (sign]
• Period (dim.]
• — of gun, [Stick for support­ing gun.]
• to be at — P. Quiet­ing]
• a. Confidence]
• the — [The residue]
• [Restoring]
• [Cammock] HS. III. 14.
• vid. Restive.
• [Restoring] TA. II. 7.
• [Compensating] TA. II. 7. A.
• [Disingenuity]
• [Disobedience]
• Estate [re- adj. p. Estate
• Favor [re- adj. p. Favor
• Health [re- adj. p. Health
• Liberty [re- adj. p. Liberty
• Life [re- adj. p. Life
• sp. Liberty] Ha. II. 1. O.
• Narrowness]
• a. restreining]
• [Imprisonment (dim.]
• [Again— take]
• [Back— take]
• [Again- begin]
• [Re— begin]
• [Pandiculation]
• [Vomiting (end]
• [Improvidence] Man. III. 2. O.
• sp. with earnest]
• Pertinence]
• —for safety] RM. II. 2. D.
• Concealment]
• Solitariness]
• [a. Retire]
• [adj. Retire (place]
• to — D. VI. 7. A.
• a — [Crooked (vess.) adj Bot­tle (fig.]
• [Back-draw]
• [Recant] D. VI. 9. O. sp. part]
• Diminution]
• again- finde
• Turn] T. VI. 8.
• Reciprocation] T. VI. 8. A.
• — Money, [Lend m. to be paid in another (place]
• — to life, [re-live]
• [Revelation] AS. I. 6.
• [Page] [Shewing] TA. 1.8.
• Sound (fig.) for waking
• Music (fig.) for waking
• a. Man. II. 5. O.]
• a. Riotousness]
• — rout, [Sound (augm.) of a. riot]
• — s, [adj. Night recreations]
• sp. of dancing]
• [Re-strike]
• [Reflect (make]
• Sir — [Dung]
• [Turn] AC. VI. 8. A.
• the — [Hinder part]
• Right of fut, possession]
• Potentialness]
• [Be right of fut. possession]
• [a. Nothing]
• — law [Un-law]
• sentence a. sentence]
• [a. Apostate]
• [a. Rebellion]
• sp. till the same situation]
• — Fly Ex. V. 1.
• Line, [Line of Vergency]
• Figure, [Square having all its sides equal, but no right An­gles]
• — of Animal. PG. IV. 4. A.
• — of Ship, [Direct beam of Ship.]
• Plant. HL. II. 3. A.
• Jugament, [adj. a. Skein (ju­gament]
• [Branch smear'd with Bird-lime]
• [adj. Riches]
• [Empty] O. II. 7. O.
• [a. Liberty] Ha. II. 1.
• [Deliver] AS. I. 5.
• Obtein liberty]
• — way, [Dispatch his journey]
• — on horse, &c. Mo. II. 7.
• — at anchor. RN. VI. 5.
• [adj. riding (person]
• [Lowest adj. horse (Off.]
• Money (kinde]
• Bank. Mag. V.7.
• — bone, [Back bone]
• [Shire (part]
• [Worst part. TM. VI. 1. O.
• [Sorry (augm.) discourse]
• [Spoil] RM. II. 5. E.
• [a. Rigging]
• [Wanton (fem.]
• Subst. RC. IV.
• [Streight] Mag. III. 10
• — angle. Mag. III. 3.
• — hand, [adj. right side h.]
• — side. Sp. II. 9.
• make — [Repair]
• Set (to—S.) [Repair]
• — in the nick, [adv. perfect in the nick] &c.
• [Holiness] Ha. V. 3.
• Stiffness. AC. IV. 5. D.
• Justice. Man. I. 1. E.
• Equity. Man. I. 2. O.
• Gratiousness Man. VI. 1. O.
• Clemency. Man. VI. 8. O.
• — of the belly, [Membrane of the b.]
• Verse D. III. 5. A.
• [Mist that freezes in falling] El. III. 5. A.
• Neuter. Q. III. 2.
• Active, [a. Ring.]
• — all in, [a▪ Ring the last (time]
• — in peal, [a. Ring adv. [Har­mony]
• — out, [a. Ring (augm.]
• [Page] a—of bells, [Suit of bells]
• a — figure. Mag. V. 2.
• — bone, [Bone in Horses foot]
• — dove ▪ Bi. III. 1. A.
• — finger, [Fourth finger]
• — leader, [Principal]
• — tail, [Buzzard having white streak on his train]
• — worm, [Tetter]
• all in a — [adj. Circle (fig.]
• hog — [Pin adj. p. Circle (fig.]
• ride the — [Ride adv. Circle (fig.]
• [a. Riotousness]
• [Open by cutting]
• the — Source. Sp. II. 4. A.
• More-adj. p. High]
• arise. AC. VI. 1.
• as Hill, [Upward-adj. ob­lique]
• as Fountain, [Spring]
• appear (inc.) a­bove Horizon]
• above-adj. Hori­zon (inc.]
• Protuberance] Mag. IV. 3.
• — of a hill, [Oblique (part) of h.]
• Hill, [Mountain (dim.]
• Tumor] S. III.
• Inflation] S. I. 5. A.
• Barm, [adj. a. Fermenting (thing]
• Insurrection, [Rebellion (inc.]
• Resurrection, [Re-life]
• sp. Customary]
• sp. Solemn]
• Soft — [Milt]
• hard — [Spawn]
• Beast. Be. II. 5.
• Stone. W. III. 3.
• [Staff of adj. Spinning (ma­chin]
• to — [a. Volutation]
• — Allum, [Allum of the rock]
• Fish, [Red Gournet]
• Vest, [Bishops upper adj. Li­nen (vest]
• base — HF. I. 11. A.
• double — [Dames Violet] HS.IV.2.
• [Wand] PP. I. 4. A.
• Measure, [16 foot & ½]
• [adj. Whipping (instr.] of branches (aggr.]
• [Public way]
• — for Ships, [adj. Resting (place) for ships]
• Wandring (person]
• Vice (person]
• Fraud (person]
• [adj. Scurril (person]
• the—s of a Stag.
• sp. of King]
• Riotousness]
• Magisterialness]
• — land. O. III. 2. A.
• — a Swathe about one,
• [Clothe adv. Helical]
• as Ship—RN. VI. 7. A.
• adj. a. Rolling (instr.]
• adj. p. Roll (thing]
• — of paper, &c. [Paper, &c. adj. p. Cylinder (fig.) by Vertigination]
• sp. adj. p. Twist.]
• sp. for rolling] O. III. 2. A.
• [Sub. role]
• [Adj. role]
• — eye [adj. mo­tion (apt. eye]
• — tongue [adj. mo­tion (apt. tong.]
• — Press, [adj. rolling (machin) for Printing]
• [Catalogue of judicial causes and proceedings]
• [adj. No­tary (things]
• Master of the —
• [Wooden pillar]
• [Wooden Image of Christ crucified]
• — of house. PO. III. 8.
• — trees, [Rafters that support the roof]
• — of mouth, [Palat] PG. III. 5.
• to make — [Prepare place]
• in a house. Po. III. 2.
• of Predecessor. TG. VI. 6.
• to — [v. Root]
• — out [out pluck the Roots]
• — up [out pluck the Roots]
• the Number which multiplied by it self
• produces that other number.]
• the side] Mag. II. 3. A
• Extraction of —
• — of the tongue, [bottom of t.]
• Hebrew — [Primitive H. word]
• a — [Cord (augm]
• — of onions, [Onions (aggr.]
• to — [v. Sliminess]
• Exclamation
• — Cake, [Caput mort. of distil­led roses.]
• — water, [distilled w. of roses]
• Guelder — Sh. II. 12.
• holy — Sh. VI. 1.
• our Ladies — Sh. VI. 8.
• Sweet mountain — Sh. VI. 5. A.
• — Bay, [Oleander] Sh. VI. 1. A
• — Campion. Sh. III. 2.
• — of Iericho. Sh. VI. 8.
• — ing. Pr. III. 3.
• to — [v. Rottenness]
• the — among sheep]
• Vertigination]
• Putrefaction. NP. V. 2. O.
• Tast or Smell. Q. IV. 7. O.
• sp. the parts not-aliquot]
• at—s [Not adj. a. Object]
• [adj. Sea. adj. Robbing (person]
• Having unequal Surface]
• — cast, [Rough p. plaster]
• — Sea, [adj. p. wave (aug.) Sea.]
• — to tast. Q. IV. 3.
• Supercilious]
• Unpleasant]
• Not-wrought]
• to—u [...] [Reprehend adv. An­ger (like]
• More perfect.
• Sphere (fig.]
• Oval (fig.]
• Bowl (fig.]
• Cylinder (fig.]
• Tube (fig.]
• [adj. Cone (fig.]
• Circle (fig.]
• Ring (fig.]
• Wheel (fig.]
• Spiral (fig.]
• Helix (fig.]
• [adj. Bow (fig.]
• Parabola (fig.]
• Hyperbole (fig.]
• Ellipsis (fig.]
• — about, [On every side]
• Vertiginate]
• Turn adv. Vertigina­tion]
• — hair, [adj. equal (make) by clipping]
• — a place, [about-go]
• — blow, [b. (augm.]
• — Sum, [Sum (augm.]
• tell him—ly, [Tell h. plainly]
• Haesitation]
• to—one in the ear, [Whisper]
• a—in music, [Continued cir­cling (like) Song]
• a—of a ladder, [Step of l.]
• [Rise (make]
• [Confused multitude]
• Unorder Army]
• — as hog, [Un-root plants]
• soft — [Milt]
• a — [adj. Wheel (fig.) adj. pricking (jug.]
• to—a horse.
• Herb, vid. Rue.
• a. Repentance]
• Wish un-done]
• [adj. Impedient (thing]
• [adj. Promberance (thing]
• — along, [Go] sp. adv. dif­ficulty▪]
• — off, [From rub]
• — at Cards.
• Monk's —[Patience]
• [Confused ruine]
• Not-taught]
• Element. D. I.
• adv. First adj. p. Learner (thing]
• Goates —HS. III. 8.
• Meadow —HF. I 12.
• Bird. Bi. VII. 4. A.
• Fish. Fi. IX. 6. A.
• [a. Sound of Silk (vest]
• — s. Po. II. O.
• Sentence. D. IV. 5.
• — ed case, [Condition adj. p. rule (ought) according to ex­emplar.]
• according to — [Regular]
• instrument, [adj. a. Measu­ring (instr.]
• to — [a. Line with adj. a. mea­suring (instr.]
• [adj. a. Measuring (instr.]
• sp. as of rolling]
• — of bird. PP. V. 8.
• sp. of Animal]
• [Fly] RM. II. 3. D.
• adven­ture to-ition essay
• risk submit to
• — a ground.
• — his course.
• [a. Contagion]
• [Exceed] as tong—s
• Stream] as — ing water
• Weep] as — ing eye
• Drop as — ing nose
• Let go as — ing nose
• v. Swiftness.
• [Thrust (imp.]
• [Spread, sp. by adj. p. dissolving]
• after-ition]
• follow (augm.]
• thrust (imp.
• thrust (imp. at]
• large, [Abound]
• random, [v. Exorbitan­cy]
• tilt, [Fence with (spears]
• — away, [Fly]
• Become before]
• — down, [a. Falling by thrust­ing (imp.]
• — in discourse, [Posing]
• — with blood, [Streaming with b.]
• From-ition]
• Digression]
• Through-ition swift­ly]
• Let-go] Sp. through fulness (exc.]
• —as Prodigal [Spend (exc.]
• —as Vessel, [Let-go]
• —in discourse, [Abound]
• his course [Finish]
• his length,
• — through, [a. hole by thrust­ing (imp.]
• — to ruine, [Become ruinous]
• — up, [Increase] sp. adv. Soon]
• Begin hastily]
• [Upper stone of Mill]
• a — S. VI. 8.
• — wort. HF. I. 17.
• Flowering. — HL. V. 6.
• sp. adv. Natural]
• — of bacon [Rottenness (inc.]
• Day of rest]
• sp. Weekly]
• Christian — [The first day of the week]
• [Black Martin]
• [Skin of Black Martin]
• [Spanish Wine]
• to — [Spoile] RM. II. 5. E.
• the — [Eucharist]
• Consecrated]
• Theft of con­secrated (things]
• Robbery of con­secrated (things]
• —Disposition]
• [adj. Melancholy]
• [adj. Seriousness]
• Lumpishness]
• —bread, [Dense (exc.]
• — backt, [Hollow backed]
• — tree, [adj. wood (part) of S.]
• Pack — [Saddle for burdens (augm.]
• Compact of safe return (pot.]
• Licence for safe passing]
• — guard, [Safety]
• Womans — [Uppermost adj. riding (vest) of woman]
• bastard — HF. III. 5.
• meadow — HL. IV. 7.
• sp. backward]
• — of Ierusalem. HL. IX. 3.
• Wood — HF. VII. A.
• [Speak] AC. III. 1.
• [Page] — by heart, [Say adv. memo­ry.]
• — less than true, [Undersay]
• — more than true, [Oversay]
• — nay, [a. Negation]
• — nothing, [a. Silence]
• that is to — Conj. IV. 3.
• Part. TM. VI. 3.
• adj. Spoken (thing]
• of Ship, &c. RN. II. 6.
• — yard. RN. III. 2.
• main — [Principal S. of Ship.]
• mizzen — [S. of hinder (part) of Ship]
• Sprit — [S. of forepart of ship]
• top, — [Highest S.]
• hoise — [Up-lift S.]
• strike — [a. fall the S.]
• to — Mo. II. 7. A.
• for the—of. Prop. I. 2. A.
• — armoniac. St. V. 6.
• — Gemma. St. V. 2. A.
• [Sawce of herbs]
• [adj. head (armor]
• Land — Be. VI. 5.
• Water — Be. VI. 5. A.
• Saltishness]
• Spit (make]
• Drivel (make]
• Tree. Tr. VI. 9. A.
• Color, [yellow (dim.) adj. Sallow (like]
• — Armoniac. St. V. 6.
• — Peeter, [Nitre] St. V. 1.
• — wort, [Gl [...] sswort]
• Bay — [Coursest S. (kind]
• Drinous — St. V. 5.
• — Sellar, [adj. Table, adj. Salt vessel]
• Trencher — [adj. Trencher. adj. Salt (vessel]
• — taste, [adj. Q. IV. 5.
• — Marshes, [Marshes]
• to — [a. sound (make]
• [Deliverance]
• Everlasting bliss. Ha. I. 4.
• — at meeting. AC. V. 8.
• — at parting. AC. V. 8. A.
• — ness, [Identity]
• of the—time, [Simultaneous]
• Golden flowred — HF. III. 10. A,
• [adj. Holiness (make]
• sp. Inner (part) of it]
• [adj. a. Safety (place) for of­fenders]
• — eeles. Fi. VI. 4. A.
• the—s, Strand. W. III. 6.
• Quick—s. W. III.7.
• Red — Tr. VII. 3.
• Yellow — Tr. VII. 3. A.
• [adj. Blood] PG. I. 6.
• bears ear — HS. VIII. 3.
• Spotted — HL. VIII. 4.
• Yorkshire — [Butterwort] HL. VI. 7.
• [Soundness]
• [Juice] PP. I. 7.
• — of tree, [adj. juice (part) of tree]
• to — [Undermine]
• White — St. IV. 1. A.
• [Sufficience]
• Mind-quieting. AS. III. 5.
• [Conviction]
• [Restitution]
• [Smooth shining Silk]
• Herb [Bulbonach] HS. VI. 2.
• sp. for Sauce]
• [...] reverent]
• — from danger, [a. Safety] T. V. 3.
• loss Preserve] AS.
• — one's oath, [pr▪ himself from perjury]
• incumbent, [Deliver] AS. I. 5.
• as to it, [prevent] TA. III. 9.
• Defend] [...] O. VI. 5.
• Protect] a. Man. VI. 4
• Lay up] TA. V. 4.
• from spoiling. [...] M. II. 5.
• from spending. Ta. V. 3.
• Liberty. RM. II. 6.
• Event of War. RM. II. 7.
• from Sin, [Redemption] AS. I. 7.
• from Hell, [Salvation] Ha. I. 4.
• [Exempt] TA. II. 7. O.
• [Except] D. IV. [...] . O.
• Conj. [Unless]
• Prep. [Besides]
• [Tast] Q. IV.
• [Smell] Q. IV. A.
• [adj. Savor (pers.
• Winter — HF. VI. 7. A.
• to — O. IV. 3. A.
• — dust, [Powder made by Pawing]
• — wort. HF. III. 3.
• Fish. Fi. I. 2.
• an old — [Adage]
• I—[I am adj. pret. See]
• Burnet — HF. IV. 12.
• Golden — HL. VI. 10. A.
• White — HL. VI. 10.
• [a. Heat (excess] sp. with Li­quor]
• sp. with scurf]
• — of fish. PP. IV. 1.
• Chip of bone]
• to — [Un-adj. a. Scale]
• Pair of—s, [Librating (jug.]
• sp. with Ladder.]
• — ing iron, [adj. Iron. adj.
• Scratching (instr.]
• [Catch (end) adv. Confu­sion]
• [a. Confusion by curting (corr.]
• — verse [a. M [...] sure v.]
• Deficience]
• adv. [Scarce] adv. V. 2.
• [Say] TM. VI. 2.
• [Measure] Mea. II.
• great water — Ex. V. 8.
• little water — Ex. V. 8. A.
• Seldomness]
• Adv. V. 2.]
• adv. Difficulty]
• — crow, [adj. Vanity (thing) for a. fear]
• — Oke, [Holm]
• Come in—ing, [Come (segr.]
• [The home of any action]
• [Chapter of adj. p. Player (thing]
• Incredulity]
• Doubting (apt.]
• [adj. Learning (person]
• — of a Colledge, [S [...] pe [...] diated Learner]
• — ship, [Learning]
• Greater place, [University]
• — man, [adj. University Di­vine]
• Lesser place, [RC. III. [...] . A.]
• — boy, [Learner at School]
• — master, [Teacher of School]
• Liberal — [adj. Learning Sci­ence]
• a. Contention (voice]
• Reprove (ex [...] ]
• Military place. RM. [...] I. 2.
• [adj. Hanging adj. supporting (instr.) for Candle]
• adj. Head (vest]
• End] T. II. 6.
• Object] T. VI. 2.
• Liberty Sufficient]
• Space Sufficient]
• Place Sufficient]
• in — [Debtor]
• upon -[Debtor]
• quit—s ▪ [Ballancing]
• Contemn] AS. IV. 2.
• a. Indignation]
• — grass. HS. III. 12.
• water — Ex. I. 9.
• greater — Fi. V. 6.
• lesser — Fi. V. 6. A.
• Constellation [8th. (part) of the Zodiac.]
• [adj. p. Immunity from pay­ment]
• Punishment]
• a — [Shallow (part) of swift river]
• Wash (augm.]
• Rub (augm.]
• Washing (augm.
• Rubbing (augm.
• [Dung (exc.]
• a — [adj. Whipping (instr.]
• Rough protuberance]
• Shave (corr.]
• — for favour, [Fawning]
• by scrat­ching]
• adv. Scraping­ness]
• Rapacious­ly.]
• the—es [Disease in horse's heels]
• Acute Voice (augm.]
• — Owl, [Owl]
• adj. writing (Off.]
• — into, [Into-wriggle]
• — out, [Obtain by-a. Craft]
• a — [Sorry (person]
• Weight. Mea. III. 2.
• [Doubt (dim.]
• practical. AS. III. 5. O. (Pron.]
• Inquisition]
• fighting (dim.]
• Head (armor]
• Pa [...] e (armor]
• — of fish, [Fishes (aggr.]
• to — [Dung]
• Disease. S. VI. 4.
• — grass. HL. VI. 13.
• [Area of painted degree]
• — in building. (sign]
• — of Ship. RN. II. 6. A.
• to—water, [Un-defile w. by motion]
• — bat, [Flying fish]
• — bells HL. VI. 13. A.
• — bindweed HL. VI. 13. A.
• — Calf. Be. V. 3. A.
• — Coast, [adj. Shore Coun­trey.]
• — Cob. Bi. IX. 9.
• Herb. HE. VI. 13. A.
• Stone. St. VI. 3. A.
• — Cormoran [...]
• — Devil. Fi. II. 4. A.
• — dragon. Fi. IV. 8.
• — drake, [Cormorant]
• Animal. Ex. VII. 8.
• Plant. HL. I. 13.
• — fan. HL. I. 15.
• — fa [...] ing man. RN. V.
• — frog. Fi. II. 4. A.
• — grass. HL. I. 14.
• — green, [Green adj. Sea (like]
• — gull. Bi. IX. 9.
• — hog, [Porpois]
• — lettice. HL. I. 12.
• — man. RN. V.
• — mew. Bi. IX. 9.
• — moss. HL. I. 12.
• — navelwort. HL. I. 11. A.
• — nettle. Ex. IX. 6. A.
• — onion. HL. IV. 13.
• — raven, [Cormorant]
• — sick, [Sick through motion upon the sea.]
• — swallow. Bi. IX. 9. A.
• — toad. Fi. II. 4. A.
• — weed, [S. moss]
• — withywinde. HI. VI. 13. A.
• arm of the —
• [Bay] W. IV. 4.
• [Fretum] W. IV. 5.
• calm — W. IV. 1.
• narrow — [Fretum] W. IV. 5.
• Fish, [Sea-calf] Be. V. 3. A.
• — of the head.
• — of Ship. RN. II. 8.
• [Hog's fat]
• — ed Conscience, [Unconsci­onableness.]
• [adj. Sift (instr.]
• [a. Inquisition]
• Transc. TA. II. 5. A.
• Judic. RJ. II. 4. A.
• — ing, [Sagacity]
• Time (perf.]
• in — [adv. Perfect]
• out of - [adv. Corrupt]
• sp. adj. Congruity]
• a. Salt] Q. IV. 5.
• a. Condite] Pr. III. 9. A.
• Stool] Po. VI. 5.
• Chair] P. VI. 6.
• [Situation] sp. III.
• Every — [Every adv. turn adj. two]
• —of a degree.
• in Magn [3600 th (part) of a Degree]
• in Time, [60 th part of a Mi­nute]
• Doer of any thing]
• Accessoriness]
• Immediate af­ter]
• Concealing]
• Taciturnity]
• adj. p. Taciturnity]
• adj. Writing (Off.]
• Part of Book. D. III. 2. A.
• [Temporal] RE. O.
• [Laic] RE. II. O.
• [Not-regular. RO. IV. 6.]
• [a. Security]
• Satisfaction]
• — to, [a. Heedfulness]
• — you do it, [a. Heedfulness that you do it]
• fair to—to, [Beautiful]
• go to — [Visit]
• a — [Bishops City]
• —of Plants. PP. III. 6.
• — plot, [adj. p. Sowing (place]
• — time, [adj. Sowing (time]
• run to, [a. Seed]
• —of Animal. PG. I. 4.
• Sight. NP. III. 1.
• [adj. a. Sight]
• — that, [Whereas]
• Inquisition to do]
• Design to do]
• Endeavour to do]
• — to him, [Intreat him]
• of Room. Po. III. 8. A.
• of Ship, [Heeling] RN. VI.7.
• — birds eye, [Sow together the Eyelids]
• well—in, [Skilled (perf.]
• — over, [Spill by Seething]
• — ing, [Separate] TA. II. 1. O.
• Take to possess]
• [Rare] Sp. II. 6. O.
• my — [Me me]
• by it — [Solitary]
• adj. Understand­ing (perf.]
• In State (perf.]
• Esteem (exc.) of self]
• Disobedience]
• Accordingly]
• [Seed (place]
• [Education (place]
• bastard — Sh. IV. 4. A.
• — for one, [Call by one sent]
• Indented — HL. VIII. 4. A.
• sp. through more age]
• common — NP. II. 1.
• Sp. [Feeling]
• Common sense
• Understanding
• —Quality. Q.
• — Soul. W. I. 5.
• Internal. NP. II.
• — plant. HS. III. 8. A.
• — action. AC. II.
• [adj. Stupor]
• [Not adj. p. Understanding (pot.]
• pret. Send]
• adj. p. Send]
• Clause. D. III. 1. A.
• —in Court. RJ. II. 5. A.
• Apprehension
• Sentinel RM. III. 7.
• Sentry RM. III. 7.
• a. Schismatic]
• Excommunicate]
• [Gracious] adj. Man. VI. 1.
• [pursevant] RJ. III. 6.
• — at arms, [Most adj. Superi­ority. RJ. III. 6.]
• — of Law, [Most adj▪ Supe­riority Graduate of com­mon Lawyers]
• [Chief pleader (kind]
• [Highest degree of Pleaders (kind]
• — of foot. RM. III. 4.
• The Disposition. NP. IV. 3.
• Sea — Fi. VI. 2.
• Spiral] Mag. III. 9.
• Helix] Mag. III. 9. A.
• [adj. p. Hiring]
• Subjection]
• — up to Table.
• — one with ware, [Sell w. to one▪]
• as to use, Transc.
• in his kind
• Profitable]
• — when time— s.
• [v. adj. Stead]
• Sufficience]
• — for such a use.
• [Suitor] RO. III. 2.
• [v. Servant]
• divine — [d. worship]
• first [meats (aggr. carried adv. first]
• second [meats (aggr. carried adv. second]
• — doing one a
• Common — Tr. I. 4. A.
• sp. for RJ.
• [Cause, sp. by motion]
• to be in a Place sp. of Rest]
• to be in a Situation sp. of Rest]
• [Cause to be so]
• — a copy, [a. Exemplar (make]
• — a song, [a. Tune (make) for a s.]
• — fast, [Fast (make]
• — free, [a. Liberty (make]
• — open, [Open (make]
• — packing, [From-go (make]
• Put (perf.]
• adj. Right (make]
• — upright, [Upright (make]
• sp. according to Con­tract.]
• — an allowance, [appoint an all.]
• — a fine on, [Appoint, &c.]
• — a form, [appoint a form]
• — Light by, [Contemn] AS. II. 8. A.
• a. place h.]
• Purpose (augm.]
• Put ones, &c
• a. Adjuvant]
• Write under]
• - Birds observe the place of B.]
• - Travellers, &c. observe the place of Tr.]
• Scituation]
• Place (perf.]
• Situate (perf.]
• Situation (perf
• Figure (perf
• as Current, [v. Motion]
• as Boatman [Thrust (imp) with hands]
• [a. ition (make]
• the Root. O. III. 6.
• the Grain. O. III. 6. A.
• [Sit (make]
• Steadiness] Q. VI. 6.
• a. Fast (make]
• [a. Endeavour (inc.]
• [v. opposite]
• [a. opposite]
• a. Segregate]
• — at liberty, [adj. a. Liberty (make]
• — nought, [Contemn]
• — ods, [Un-a. peaceable (make]
• Fight (make]
• Contention (make]
• —the ears, [a. contention (make]
• Down-ition (make]
• — farther off, [More-distant (make]
• [v. Go (inc.]
• [a. Travel (inc.]
• a. Publick (make]
• [v. Travel (inc.]
• [a. Proceed (inc.]
• adj. a. edge (make]
• — fire, [a. fire (make]
• Cause (inc.]
• — over the fire, [Place above the fire]
• — a fine on, [a. Mulct]
• [Out-ition (make]
• Ship [furnish & send Sh.]
• Souldier [furnish & send So.]
• Operate (end]
• a. Operate (make]
• Operate (inc.]
• — ones hand.
• — by the ears, [a Contention (make]
• — a building, [Build]
• — a fashion.
• — one instead of another, [a. Room]
• a. Upright]
• Offend (end]
• sp. by consent]
• — allowance.
• — Resolution.
• He is — [Has lost the game]
• Sun is — [S. is under the Hori­zon]
• Well — [adj. p. figure (perf.]
• [adj. Setting (person]
• Theefs—spy]
• [Dog. adj. Observing (apt.) the place of Birds]
• sp. by sealed adj. Obligati­on (thing]
• Prepare for per­manence in a b]
• Permanent (inc) in it.]
• Staiedness]
• Precipitate]
• — bedstead, [Bedstead adj. p. folding (apt.]
• [adj. Solitary (make]
• Difference]
• [adj. p. Sever]
• Order (Off.) of meats]
• Suit (Off.) of meats]
• [Sink] Po. II. 9. A.
• —in painting, [Shadow (like]
• of Coach, &c. Po. V. 5.
• Bird. Bi. IX. 5. A.
• Proper. Mo. VI. 3. A.
• — Hands. AC. V. 5. A.
• — down, [Down-a. ition (make) with shaking]
• — off, [Abandon]
• —in pieces, [Break with shaking]
• —to pieces, [Break with shaking]
• — up, [Reprehend severely]
• Clothed (freq.) with torn (vest]
• a — [Pod] PP. III. 5. A.
• to — [Un-a. pod]
• Not deep. TM. II. 3. A.
• Shallow (place in the sea]
• Bank] W. III. 5. A.
• Not wise, [adj. Folly]
• Affection. AS. VI. 2. A.
• Cause, [Infamy]
• Shame (apt.]
• Sheepishness]
• of Animal. PG. V. 5.
• of Plant, [Stalk]
• Distribute]
• Partner (make]
• — bone, [Bone of the sh.]
• Plow — [adj. Cutting (part) of the adj. plowing (jug.]
• Fish. Fi. I. 3.
• sp. impudently spending ano­thers]
• Pricking (apt.]
• —of hearing]
• —voice, [Shrill]
• —in music. Q III. 5. E.
• [Sagacious]
• Shake into parts (dim.]
• Bruise (freq.]
• — grass, [Horse tail]
• a notable — [Extraordinary (corr.]
• sp. by together-p. bind]
• Fragment of earth­en vessel
• Piece of earth­en vessel
• Rope. RN. IV. 5. A.
• — Anchor, [Last anch.]
• —fish. Fi. VI. 6.
• [Young hog]
• — fish. Ex. VIII. 8. A.
• —flies wing, [Crust of fly w.]
• to — [into-a-case]
• —a ship. RN. VI. 3.
• Drop tears]
• —water, [Spill w.]
• a — [House (dim.) sp. not wal­led]
• — Cote, [House for sheep]
• — Fold, [About-sepimented (place) for sheep]
• — Hook, [Shepherds Hook]
• — water, [Simple water]
• — wind, [adj. Cutting (like) wind]
• —of Linnen, [adj. l. Bed (vest]
• of Oyster, &c. PP. IV. 2.
• of Lobster, [Crust] PP. IV. 2. A.
• Egg — [Crust of Egg]
• —of Nut, [Stone] PP. II. 2. A.
• —of Bean, &c. [Cod] PP. III. 5. A.
• —of Grain, [Husk] PP. III. 3.
• Boord. Po. VI. 4. A.
• Flat in the Sea, [Bank] W. III. 5.
• [adj. a. Safety (place]
• Protection]
• sp. (place]
• — s bodkin, [Cranes bill]
• — s fly. Ex. IV. 8.
• — s needle, [Venus comb] HS. I. 5. A.
• — s purse. HS. VI. 3. A.
• — s rod. HF. VIII. 2. A.
• a. Know (make TA. I. 8.
• Un-a. Conceal TA. I. 8.
• Perfect, [Manifest] TA. I. 9.
• Publick, [a. Public (make]
• —what is not▪ [a. Appear­ance]
• a. Seeming TA. I. 9. A.
• a. Hypocrisie
• [a. Finger (sign]
• by like, [Represent]
• Offer to be seen]
• — sights, [a. Sights]
• — tricks, [a. Prestigiator]
• to the mind, [Revelation]
• — mercy, [a. Mercy]
• — of Brawn.
• [Means] sp. (corr.]
• make—to [Obtain to]
• Put to his—s, [Necessitated to difficult (things]
• —place, [Go]
• — for, [Provide for]
• sp. adv. Craft]
• sp. Living by craft]
• — s [Tetter]
• Destruction
• — wright, [adj. Ship (mech.]
• vid. Shuttle.
• — of Corn, [Heap of c.]
• — of battel, [Battel (imp.]
• adj. pret. Shoo]
• adj. p. Shoo]
• [Shallow (place]
• [Fishes (aggr.]
• [adj. Leather adj. Foot (vest]
• — ing horn, [On-drawing (instr.) for shoo.]
• horse — [Under-foot (armam.) for horse]
• Move swiftly]
• Fly swiftly]
• — one. RJ. V. 2. A.
• as Plant, [a. Sprout]
• — up, [Grow swiftly]
• Sprout] PP. II. 5.
• Branch] PP. I. 3.
• Sucker] PP. I. 2. A.
• Hog (young]
• — keeper, [Merchant]
• of land. W. III. 6.
• of water. W. IV. 6.
• bird. Bi. V. 2.
• to—up, [a. Prop]
• op. to long, [adj. TM. II. 1. O]
• [adj. Epitome]
• Future (dim.]
• — breathing S. V.1.
• — windedness S. V.1.
• a. Harshness
• v. long (def.]
• v. short (exc.]
• sp. than it was expect­ed]
• keep — [a. Co [...] ibiting]
• adj▪ p. pret. Shoot]
• adj. p. Shoot]
• [adj. a. pay (thing]
• — free, [adj. p. Immunity from paying]
• sp. by thrusting and lift­ing it.]
• — er. Bi. VIII. 6.
• — blade, [Broad bone of—]
• Joynt. PG. V. 1. A.
• Support (end.]
• [Voice (augm.]
• sp. for joy]
• a — [Chip (dim.]
• a. Confess (make]
• Examin for a. confess (make]
• sp. adv. Solitary to Priest]
• — mouse, [Long-snouted vene­mous mouse (kind]
• — turn, [a. Hurtfulness]
• Sound (augm.]
• Exclamation]
• Fish. Ex. VI.4.
• River — Ex. II. 11. A.
• sp. of Image]
• Gesture. AC. VI. 3.
• Posture. AC. VI. 3. A.
• [adj. Density]
• [adj. Diminish]
• — of a Ship. RN. IV. 1.
• [adj. Shrouding (thing]
• [Outmost adj. Linnen (vest) of the dead]
• sp. for protection]
• [adj. Shreeving (time]
• [adj. Feast (time) next before Lent]
• to — [a. Cudgel]
• sp. by motion (freq.]
• — in of the day, [Evening]
• Shutting (augm.]
• a. Conclusion]
• [adj. p. Cast (apt.) adj. Wea­ving (instr.]
• — headed, [Inconstant]
• the — [Plague]
• in mind. TA. V. 7. O.
• — of a Figure. Ma. II. 3. A.
• — of ones body.
• — blow adj. oblique striking]
• — long, [adj. Side]
• — of the Country, [Part of the Country]
• — of the hill, [Oblique (part) of the h.]
• kin by the Mothers — [Kin by the Mother]
• Citerio [...] ]
• Prep. VI. 2.
• Prep. VI. 2. O.]
• Prep. VI. 3. O.]
• Environing]
• Prep. III. 3. O.
• on my — [For (Prep. II. 3.) inc.]
• Leaguer. RM. I. 4.
• [a. Dunging]
• Searce. O. VI. 1. A.
• — out, [Find by examin­ing]
• Sence. NP. III. 1.
• — of the eye, [adj. Seeing (part) of eye]
• — of a gun, [Through-adj. p. See (apt.) gun (part]
• Seeing—s. Mo. V. 7.
• Mark. T. VI. 5▪
• — in the Zodiac, 1 [...] /12 of the Zodiac]
• to — RC. VI. 5.
• [a. Meaning]
• op. to Sound. Q. III. O.
• Virtue, [Taciturnity]
• — man, [adj. Silk (merc.]
• — worm. Ex. III. 6. A.
• HS. IV. 3. A.
• quick — Met. III.1.
• — weed, [Wild Tansey]
• — figure. Mag. III.
• to — [Know (end.) the growing herbs]
• Singleness]
• Primitiveness]
• op. to mixture. T. III. 8.
• Homeliness]
• op. to figurateness. D. III. 7. O.
• Unskilfulness]
• Unlearnedness]
• Unexpertness]
• Ungraciousness]
• Unholiness]
• [Evil action]
• Ungracious]
• as the ears—[Ring (like]
• — combate, [Duelling]
• — life, [Coelibate] RO. II 2. A.
• a — [Tail of Deer]
• Unlike all others]
• — number. TM. III. 2.
• Affectation of being
• unlike others]
• Conceitedness]
• [Censoriousness]
• [adj. Adversity]
• — into ones mind, [Be fixed in ones m.]
• — ing paper, [Porous (augm.]
• [adj. p. Dent]
• [Ruining (inc.]
• a — Po. II. 9. A.
• Subst. [Cinnabar]
• adj. [Green]
• [Drink (dim.]
• [Suck (dim.]
• Gesture. AC. VI. 5.
• Posture. AC. VI. 5. A.
• —as Commissioners, [Toge­ther sitting]
• —as a hen, [a. Fotion by up­on sitting.]
• — down. [Sitting]
• — out, [Not-playing]
• adj. Permanence out of bed.]
• — hard at it, [adj. a. Dili­gence. adv. permanence]
• — cat. Be. IV. 4. A.
• sp. of boil'd Leather]
• [Sear the Seams]
• assize, [Convention of shire for adj. [...] J (things]
• [Aether] El. II. 1..
• it — eth not, [It is not adj. im­portance]
• — and bone, [Lean (ex [...] .]
• Un-a. skin]
• Cover with skin]
• Membrane] PG. II. 3. A.
• [Husk] PP. II. 3.
• to — [Powre for p. drinking]
• — Iack, [Sorry man (dim.]
• Sailer] RN. V. 8.
• Master] RN. V. 4.
• — of doublet, [Lower Margent of d.]
• Disingenious]
• — for corn, [adj. Seperating (jug.]
• — between Rooms, [adj. Sepa­rating (sep.]
• [Let-go Spittle]
• [Wet (corr.]
• [adj. a. Cunctation]
• — of weavers loom.
• — fire Un- a. fire (dim]
• — thirst Un- a. thirst (dim]
• Herb, [Wrack]
• Eat greedily]
• Lick (corr.]
• [a. Slightness]
• Improvidence] Man. III. 2. D.
• — house, [adj. Butchering (room]
• — silk, [Not-spun S.]
• — fish. Ex. IX. 3.
• red — Ex. IX. 3. A.
• — stone, [adj. stone adj. a. smoothing (instr.]
• Sleep (apt.]
• Sluggardliness]
• Impertinent]
• [Thin] TM. II. 5. O.
• Not sufficient]
• — silk, [Not-spun S.
• Cut. Pr. III. 6.
• From-sliced (part]
• to — [D [...] ng]
• — knot, [k. un-adj. p. ty (apt.) by pulling]
• —as water, [a. Stream adv. si­lence]
• away from -ition adv. silence]
• - back back -ition adv. concea­ling]
• - by [beside -ition adv. silence]
• - over [over -ition adv. concea­ling]
• [Thin (augm.]
• [adj. Vanity]
• Moral, [adj. Ha. III. 4. E.]
• [a. Disrespect]
• — works, [Spoil w.]
• sp. of Barrels]
• — away [from -ition adv. Concealing]
• — back [back -ition adv. Concealing]
• - away, [From -ition adv. Concealing]
• - back, [Back -ition adv. Concealing]
• - by, [Beside -ition adv. Concealing]
• - off, [From- ition, &c.]
• — Clothes cloth (swiftly]
• — Clothes un-cloth (swiftly]
• give one the — [From ition adv. Concealing]
• sp. through Carelesness]
• — knot, [Tied (part) for a Loop (make]
• adj. p. ty (pot.]
• Smoothness]
• Unctuousness]
• [adj. Let go (pron.]
• [Lightness.] Ha. IV. 7. D.
• — tree. Sh. I. 4.
• [Laziness] NP. IV. 6. O.
• Negligence. Ha. IV. 5. D.
• [Sluggardliness] Man. II. 4. O.
• Beast. Be. III. 2. A.
• — liness. Man. II. 6. O.
• Great (corr.]
• adj. Rusticity (person]
• [Abandoned skin]
• op. to swift. NP. V. 9. O.
• [adj. Protracting]
• Slovenliness]
• Negligently]
• Unskilfully]
• Sluggishness]
• — abed, [adj. Man. II. 4. D. (person]
• [Negligence]
• Lumpishness (dim.]
• adj. a. pret. sling]
• adj. p. sling]
• adj. a. pret. slink.]
• adj. p. slink.]
• [adj. Sluttishness (fem.]
• [Sound of separating the lips]
• [Tast. Q. IV. (dim.]
• a—of it, [p. adjunct (dim.]
• — nut. Tr. III. I.
• Cut into pieces (dim]
• — as—beer, [Weak]
• — number, [Few]
• Wares (dim.]
• Little (things) of value (dim]
• —in discourse, [adj. Vigor]
• [a. Defiled (make]
• — out, [Find by sm.]
• a—feast, [Flatterer for p. feast]
• [a. Unsavoriness]
• pret. Smell]
• adj. p. Smell]
• Fish. Fi. IX. 2. A.
• sp. of man (fem.]
• Exhalation]
• Proper, [adj. Q. VI. 2. E.]
• Courtesie▪]
• Complaisance]
• Cleanly (augm.]
• — Trefoil. HS. III. 15.
• water — Ex. VII. 1. A.
• Sea — Ex. VII. 4.
• — weed. HL. VII. 3.
• — wood. Tr. VII. 2. A.
• [Bite (imp.]
• [Sound of bite (imp.]
• — dragon. HS. VIII. 6.
• adj. Biting (apt.]
• [adj. Anger (voice) of Dog]
• by—es, [Sp. I. 8. O. (imp.]
• Look adv. Conceal­ing (end.]
• into corners, [adj. p. Conceal (end.]
• Abjectness]
• Dissembling Smiling]
• Crafty Smiling]
• [White Hellebore]
• HF. II. 10.
• Austrian — HF. III. 2. A.
• Secret reprehend]
• Short reprehend]
• From-cut chip]
• a. Tuft margent by cut­ting]
• — drop, [Bulbous violet] HL. IV. 5. A.
• [Nose] P [...] . III. 3. A.
• [Trunk] PP. V. 4. A.
• [Suck up the breath with nose]
• [Huff] AC. IV. 6.
• — of Candle, [Burning end of the Wick of Candle]
• Conditionally that]
• So so, [Indifferently]
• in temper, [Seriousness]
• In Judgment. Ha. III. 3.
• In drink. Man. II. 3.
• In conversation, [Gravity]
• [adj. Homiletical vertue]
• Community. RC. III. A.
• a — [Lump covered with grass]
• Complaisant]
• Pusilsanimous]
• Land (kind]
• to — [Manure]
• of Boar adj. pret. going]
• take — as Deer, [Go into wa­ter]
• Sojourn, [a. Guest]
• [Page] Steep. O. V. 7.
• adj. a. pr [...] t. Sell]
• adj. p. Sell]
• alone; [Solitary]
• —of foot [Bottom (part]
• Fish. Fi. VIII. 1.
• — a bowl, [a. b. (place) for volutation (inc.]
• — ones ear, [Pull (augm.)—]
• — a shoo, [to- sow bottom (part]
• — look, [adj. Gravity, face (manner]
• Body. Ma. I. 4.
• [Solitary (abstr.]
• [Not-inhabited Countrey]
• [adj. Dunging (apr.]
• [adj. p. Solution (pot.]
• — one. Pron. II. 3. O.
• — certain. Pron. II. 3.
• — body, [—(person]
• [in some (time]
• [adv. at times] Sp. I. 8. O.
• Little (part]
• [Through some (time]
• [adv. Permanence (dim.]
• — in Law, [adv. Affinity Son]
• God the▪ — G. II.
• sp. verses (aggr.]
• [Hurtful (augm.]
• [adj. a. Impotent]
• — at night, [in the evening]
• sp. by signes]
• to — [Soke]
• —wort. HL. VII. 3. A.
• a. Spurious]
• [Make worse by mixture]
• Witchcraft sp. by a. Lots]
• Wizarding sp. by a. Lots]
• [Slovenliness, [Man. II. 6. D.
• Baseness. Man. III. 4. D.
• [Pusillanimity] Man. III. 8. D.
• [adj. Pain]
• — afraid, [afr. (augm.]
• to — [Fly high]
• [Deer (male) of the fourth year]
• French — HF. I. 2. A.
• Contemptible. TM. I. 4. D.
• [Fool (augm.]
• [adj. Dotage (person]
• adj. a. pret. Seek]
• adj. p. Seek]
• — fish. Ex. VI. 5.
• Vegetative — W. I. 4.
• Sensitive — W. I. 5.
• Rational — W. I. 6.
• adj. Sanity, [adj. NP. V. 2.]
• [adj. Health]
• Articulate. Q. III. 3. A.
• Fretum. W▪ IV. 5.
• — w [...] ll [a Reputati­on]
• — ill [a Infamy]
• [Essay for knowing the depth]
• [Essay for knowing by con­ference]
• as Vinegar, [adj. Q. IV. 4.]
• as green Fruit▪ [adj. Q. IV. 3.]
• Look — [Lowr]
• — ern wood. HF. II. 10.
• [Hog. Be. II. 4. (fem.]
• — gelder, [Un-adj. a. Testicle (mech.]
• — 's bred. HL. VI. 6. A.
• — thistle. HF. III. 14.
• Insect. Ex. II. 9.
• — of Lead. [Cast (thing)—]
• as Land, &c. O. III. 4.
• Shut by sowing]
• Joyn by sowing]
• Interval, [Between—space]
• [Measure by extending the fingers]
• [Prepare adj. Gun (machin) by a. vertiginating]
• [Lapis Selenites] or [Muscovia glass]
• [Bolt (augm.]
• — time, [adj. Leisure (time]
• [adj. Lean]
• Not-punish, [a. Clemency]
• Not-spend, [Save] TA. V. 3.
• Not-use, [Abstain]
• [Gallant (person]
• Mountain — Bi. IV. 3. A.
• — bill, [Pin (dim.]
• — hawk, [Least long wing­ed h.]
• — mouth'd, [Wide-mouth'd]
• — er, [Fish (fem.]
• — against, [a. Contradicti­on]
• — for, [Intercession]
• — in the nose, [a. Voice through the n.]
• — with, [Conference]
• [adj. Speaking (person]
• — in Parliament, [Speaking (Off.]
• boar — [Pike for hunting b.]
• fish — [Pike for hunting f.]
• Kings — [Asphodel]
• [Principal]
• [Particular]
• op. to general, [adj. TM. III. 4.]
• [Name the particulars]
• [a. Example] D. IV. 8. A.
• [Sight] Mo. V. 7.
• [adj. Glass (instr.) for helping the fight]
• [adj. Seeing (person]
• [adj Mo. V. 7. (person]
• Meditation]
• Spoken (thing]
• — less, [Not-adj. Speak (pot.]
• good — [Prosperity]
• — well. HS. VI. 11.
• Female—well. HS. VIII. 9. A.
• to — AC. III. 4. A.
• Room for adj. susten­tation ord. (things]
• Box for adj. susten­tation ord. (things]
• [a. Decay (make]
• — Time — [v. Time.]
• Coelestial, [Orb] W. VI. A.
• a — RM. III. 5. A.
• sp. adv. Concealed]
• sp. with Spice]
• Degree (dim.) (of disease]
• Crustaceous — Ex. VI. 9. A.
• Sea — Ex. VI. 9.
• Water — Ex. II. 4.
• Shed. O. II. 8. O.
• — out time, [Protract]
• as a top, [p. Vertiginate]
• — tree. Sh. II. 10. A.
• to — as corn, [v. ear (inc.]
• Animal — PG. I. 1.
• — s extracted. Pr. II. 7.
• [adj. Spirit]
• Ecclesiastical. RE.
• — Persons Eccl. RE. II.
• [adj. Spirit. PG. I. 1.]
• [adj. Freshness]
• for a — [adv. Transitoriness (imp.]
• Excretion. Mo. IV. 4.
• [Rosting (instr.]
• —Fish, [Lucius Marinus]
• — deep, [Deep the length of adj. digging (lam.]
• Contrary to ones will]
• adj. Coaction]
• [adj. p. Spit (thing]
• [House of sick (persons]
• — wort. HL. I. 7. A.
• Rough — HL. I. 6. A.
• [Sick in the Spleen]
• [Hypochondriac]
• [Adj. Anger]
• sp. adj. Furrow (fig.]
• —for use. TA. II. 9. O.
• Harras. RM. II. 5. D.
• —of wheel. Po. V. 7. A.
• [Vertebra] PG. IV. 3. A.
• Fish. Ex. VIII. 4. A.
• Suretiship. RC. VI. 6.
• — bill. Ei. VIII. 6.
• [a. Wanton]
• — fever, [Malignant f.]
• Betrothed (fem.]
• Married (fem.]
• Concave (thing Tube for out-stream­ing]
• Narrow (vas for out-stream­ing]
• —of Rain. El. VI. 3.
• sp. by stretching (exc.]
• Unheap. O. II. 6. O.
• Stretch] AC. VI. 2.
• Be extended] AC. VI. 2. A
• [a. Publick (make] A.
• [adj. Beginning (part]
• Day — [Day (incept.]
• [Rise] Sp. II. 4. A.
• —Fount. W. IV. 3. A.
• - of Lock, [adj. Spring (inst.]
• [Leap] Mo. I. 5.
• — forth, [Being (inc.]
• Descendent]
• — a mine, [Find a m.]
• [Scatter drop]
• a. pret. Spring]
• adj. p. Spring]
• a. pret. Spin]
• adj. p. Spin]
• —of Bird. PP. V. 5.
• -of a boo [...] , [adj. heel (arm.) of horseman]
• to — [Impulsive]
• — Laurel. Sh. III. 5.
• — Olive. Sh. III. 6.
• Tree. Sh. IV. 6.
• sp. by down casting]
• in spending. Man. III. 3. D.
• not lay up. TA. V. 4. O.
• Plain. Mag. V. 1. A.
• Carpenters — [c. adj. Squa­ring instr.]
• [Spread] AC. IV. 2. A.
• — dealing, [a. Justice]
• to — [a. square (make]
• —with, [a. Congruous]
• sp. by down [...] ]
• sp. by down casting▪]
• [Thick short]
• sp. of meats]
• [adj. Niceness]
• Compressing]
• [adj. Gunpowder (instr.) for (sound]
• Steadiness]
• [Constancy]
• [adj. Stability]
• [adj. Horse (room]
• [adj. Stability (make]
• [a. Confirmation]
• Golden — HF. II. 5.
• —of a Song, [Section of S.]
• — Beetle. Ex. V. 1. A.
• [adj. a. Player Room]
• — Play, [adj. Player fight]
• [adj. Staying (place]
• u. Continue rest]
• a. Discontinue moti­on]
• —Little while, [Transitori­ness]
• —Long time, [Permanence]
• —for ever, [Perpetuity]
• [Page] the same being. T. I. 7.
• the same [...] gree. T. I. 8.
• the sa [...] e goodness. T▪ I. 9.
• the same place. TA. VI. O.
• [Stand his ground] RM. II. 2.
• [Keep the field] RM. II. 3.
• [Home] sp. II. 4.
• [Dwelling] Po. I. A.
• [Rest] Mo. O.
• Cohibitive]
• [Obstruction]
• —Injuriously. RJ. IV. 3. A.
• — for, [Wait expecting]
• — upon ▪ [Lean]
• Refreshing]
• Bring to that — [a. state]
• Keep at a — TM. I. 9.
• —of a ship. RN. IV. 1. A.
• [Dying] O. V. 3. A.
• [a. Spottedness]
• [Stick] PP. I. 4.
• — down, [a. wager in present money, &c.]
• — Beer, [B. ripe (augm.]
• sp. Old u.]
• [adj. Alluring (thing]
• —of plant, [Stock] PP. I. 2.
• —of leaf or flower. PP. II. 7.
• Walk lofty. Mo. II. 3.
• sp▪ for selling things]
• Head — [adj. head (par [...] ) of bridle]
• — with foot, [Pound with sole of foot]
• [Contusion]
• [Print] AC. III. 7. A.
• Coin, [ [...] . money with strike­ing]
• Reservedness]
• —little while, [Transitoriness]
• — of long—ing, [ad]
• — ing water, [Stagnum]
• [Consist] Q. V. 5.
• — er, [Tree left for growth]
• — ing corn, [Not reaped]
• — about, [Protract]
• — against, [Resist]
• — er by, [Not-concerned (person]
• — child, [Be Godfather]
• — degree, [Be Candidate]
• — preferment, [Obtain (end) p.]
• Permanence]
• sp. in affirming]
• — Doubt, [adj. Doubt]
• — Fear, [adj. Fear]
• — the way, [Impedient]
• adj. aversion]
• [Be protuberant]
• [Be constant]
• — under, [Bear]
• [adj. Permanence disputing]
• — with, [adj. Permanence treating]
• —for drink, [adj. bearing (jug.]
• —of Pikes, [RM. IV. of p.]
• Stand Doubting]
• Stay Doubting]
• [...] ke a — [Stay (imp.]
• sp. adj. King]
• Measure. Mea. II. 4.
• sp. Not-adj. p. carry (apt.]
• figure. Mag. IV. 5.
• [Publick sale]
• fixed — W. II. 2.
• day — [Venus]
• Morning — [Venus]
• Evening — [Venus]
• Star. W. II. 3. A.
• - of Bethlehem, [Ornithogalon]
• - wort. HF. III. 9.
• Sea — HF. III. 10.
• Fish. Fl. VIII. 6.
• — in forehead, [Star (like) sign in foreh.]
• sp. adv. Confusion]
• — Dead, [Whole dead]
• Admirati­on]
• Passion sign. AC. IV. 5.
• [Run (inc.]
• — a Hare, [Raise a H.)
• — aside [a. Levity]
• [Page] Abandon]
• — up, [Rise (imp.]
• Precedence]
• Superiority]
• [Circumstances]
• Extraordinary, [Solemnity]
• All together. T. VI. 4.
• Temperament]
• Take—upon him, [Arrogate, &c.]
• Possession]
• the—s, [Chief Magistrates (aggr.]
• — of Religion. RE. III.
• [adj. Solemnity]
• [adj. Generosity]
• Resting (place]
• Standing (place]
• — a barrel, [Unbottom a b.]
• a. Distance]
• sp. with staff.]
• as Successor. T. VI. 6.
• To look—ly, [a. Eye adv. heedfulness]
• Not-loose. Q. VI. 6.
• go — Mo. II· 4▪
• Not light, [Constant]
• Come (adv. Concealing]
• Goe (adv. Concealing]
• To come by — [Come adv. Con­cealing]
• a — [adj. Steel (Instr.]
• Oblique (dim.]
• Almost-perpendicular]
• to—a ship, [Direct with the Rudder]
• — of a plant, [Stock] PP. I. 2.
• — of a ship. RN. II. 2.
• a. Going] Mo. I. 1.
• foot — [adj. foot (sign]
• figure. Mag. V. 8. A.
• Father adv. affini­ty]
• Mother's husband]
• Mother adv. affini­ty]
• Father's wife]
• sp. Face (manner]
• — of a ship. RN. II. 2. A.
• [adj. Bathing (room]
• [adj Keeping (place) for fish]
• [adj. Hog (house]
• [Pustle within the eye-lid]
• Clamminess]
• — in, [into-fasten]
• — out, [Protuberance]
• v. Constant]
• — with Cloves, &c. [Lard with cl. &c.
• a — PP. I. 4.
• a. Business]
• a. Intercession]
• — back. Fi. IX. 13. A.
• — gale of wind. El. VI. T.
• [adj. Rigor] AC. IV. 5. D.
• [Pertinacious]
• Contumacious]
• adj. Quieting]
• Perpetuity]
• Bird. Bi. VII. 6. A.
• to — RO. VI. 4. A.
• — up, [a. Impulsive]
• Disease, [Cramp]
• Pain, [Pricking]
• — wort. HS. V. 9.
• — of plant. PP. I. 2.
• (aggr. RO. I. 1. O.
• (kind. RO. I. 1. O.
• Possessions]
• [adj. a. Gain (thing]
• Laughing —[adj. p. Laugh (thing]
• adj. a. pret. Steal]
• adj. p. Steal]
• [Long loose (vest]
• Ventricle. PG. VI. 4.
• Common — St. I.
• middle sort of — St. II.
• — less transparent. St. III.
• — more transparent. St. IV.
• Weight. Mea. III. 6.
• — pitch, [Hard p.]
• Disease. S. VI. 7.
• — of a plum. PP. II. 2. A.
• Testicle. PG. VI. 8. A.
• to—one, [Throw stones at one]
• — to death. RJ. V. 2.
• Seat. Po. VI. 5.
• Close — [Stool (like) adj. dunging (vess.]
• going to — [a. Dunging]
• —as Barrel, [a. Oblique]
• Obstruction]
• — up [Shut]
• Stay (make]
• adj. Stopping. (pin]
• to — [Lay up]
• of building ▪ [Degree of rooms]
• Be angry (augm.]
• v. Anger (voice]
• [Assault] RM. I. 6.
• Room. Po. II. 5.
• Active. NP. IV. 6.
• adj. Fortitude]
• [Contumacious]
• — of Cart-wheel, [Ring—]
• Not-adj. Custom]
• Extraordinary]
• [Not-expected]
• [adj. Stranger]
• — of Boot, [Loop for on-draw­ing]
• — worm, [Cadew] Ex. III. 4. A.
• —tree. Sh. III. 4.
• — s in the sky. El. V. 4.
• — er. RN. III. 8.
• op. to crooked, [adj. Ma. III. 1.]
• Strict, [adj. Rigor]
• — against. Prep. VI. 3. A.
• — forward. [adj. Proceeding adv.—]
• — way, [adv. fut. (dim.]
• [Perplex difficulty]
• [Hurt by endeavouring (aug.]
• Depress (augm.]
• [Arrest goods]
• Percolate. O. VI. 4.
• a — [Degree]
• — of musick, [Part of tune]
• Strength] NP. V. 7.
• Forces] RM. IV.
• Places] RM. VI.
• Taste (augm.]
• Smell (augm.]
• [a. Drunkenness (apt.]
• Depression]
• Extend] AC. VI. 2.
• Pandiculation] Mo. III. 6. O.
• Broad (make]
• Ample (make]
• Scattering]
• Age, [Old] adj. Mea. VI. 4.
• Love, [adj. Love (augm.]
• Years, [Old (augm.]
• with amazement, [Extasied]
• [Touch (dim.]
• Cause (imp.]
• a. Downward]
• Fall (make]
• — a bargain, [a. Paction]
• — blind, [Blind (make]
• — a colour, [cause a c.]
• sp. by upon motion of straight (thing]
• — fire, [Cause to sparkle]
• — heat, [Cause h.]
• Come Suddenly]
• v. Friend Suddenly]
• Bargain Suddenly]
• — ones head, [Behead]
• [a. Passion (augm.]
• [Begin] sp. Music.]
• sp. by wrestling]
• —with, vid. Stricken ]
• [Stick for a. Even (make]
• — ed, [Variegated with lines]
• — for, [Obtain (end]
• bear a. great [adj. power]
• to — [Wipe with hand]
• [adj. Strength]
• — hold. RM. VI.
• adj. a. pret. String]
• adj. p. String]
• [Swell with fullness]
• [Go proudly]
• [Bottom (part) of stock]
• [Fragment of stick]
• Stalk, [adj. p. residue after reaping]
• — goose, [adj. Autumn fatted Goose]
• adj. a. pret. Stick]
• adj. p. Stick]
• Meditation.]
• a. Considerateness]
• Closet, [adj. meditation (room]
• wollen — Pr. IV. 1.
• Hairy — Pr. IV. 1. A.
• to — [Fill by into-thrusting]
• [Numness] S. IV. 6. A.
• Op. to common sense. NP. II. 1. O.
• Discourse (manner]
• Writing (manner]
• to — [Name] sp. of Dignity]
• of a flower. PP. II. 6.
• [Astringent]
• [adj. Acerbity]
• Marriage, [a. Sutor]
• Preferment, [a. Candi­date]
• [in law, [a. Action]
• a. Victory]
• op. to praed. D. II. 5.
• Liable, [adj. p. Subject (pot.]
• Submission]
• [Subjection]
• op. to conquest. RM. II. 7. D.
• Action. TA. IV. 1. A.
• Suffering. Man. V. 8.
• sp. in Series.]
• [Under-write]
• sp. Absolute]
• sp. Permanent]
• [v. Substance]
• [Maintain himself]
• [Predicament. T. I. 5.
• [adj. Substance]
• [adj. p. matter (perfect]
• a. Ablatum]
• Solution (corr.]
• [a. Craftiness]
• [City (part) without the walls]
• — in, [Suck]
• — the breath. AC. IV. 6. D.
• give — [Lactation]
• Instead-of coming]
• adj. Succeed]
• Be after, Mag. I. 2. D.
• Be Successor, [a. T. VI. 6.]
• Come by Succession. RC. IV. 2. A.
• — ill, [adj. Adversity]
• — well, [adj. Prosperity]
• — of war. RM. II.
• [Prospering]
• Brief (perf.]
• adj. Epitomy]
• Gum — HF. III. 11. A.
• same quality]
• like quantity]
• — as it is, [Such so ever]
• [a. Suction]
• — up the breath. AC. IV. 6. D.
• Branch. PP. I. 2. A.
• —of a Pump, [adj. Suck­ing (part]
• — affliction, [adj. p. afflicti­on]
• — persecution, [adj. p. Per­secution]
• — punishment, [adj. p. pu­nishment]
• —execution, [adj. p. Exe­cution]
• Toleration]
• — to take, [Yield] TA. IV. 1▪
• — to do, [Submit] TA. IV. 1. A.
• Condescension]
• Think (make]
• Remember (make]
• — in law, [Action]
• Aggregate. TM. III. 8.
• to—with, [adj. v. Congruity]
• Conveniency]
• Intreating (per­son]
• —for marriage. RO. II. 2.
• [Candidate] RC. I. 4. A.
• [Disingenuous]
• [a. Colour (corr.]
• — wort, [Peucedanum]
• — of money, [Money (aggr.]
• total — TM. VI. 6. A.
• Red — Sh. V. 5. A.
• — ly, [Briefly]
• [Principal beam]
• Spend (augm.]
• Price (augm.]
• — Shine, [Brightness]
• to — [Open to the Sun]
• appearing —[Parelius]
• a. pret. Sing]
• adj. p. Sing]
• a. pret. Sink]
• adj. p. Sink]
• [Drink adv. Suction]
• [adj. Evening meal]
• a. good more-than duty]
• Deserve for o­thers]
• [adj. Superficies]
• sp. to observe what others do in their Offices]
• [adj. Superintending (per­son]
• Superiority. TM I. 5. E.
• Relation of — RO. III.
• Upper side]
• Above- adj. na­ture]
• adj. Miracle]
• — of the Lord, [Eucharist]
• [Dispossess by fraud]
• adj. Supplying (thing]
• adj. a. Perfect]
• [Un-deficient (make]
• [Again-fill]
• [a. Room] T. VI. 6.
• [a. Petition]
• [v. Opinion]
• [v. Supposition]
• sp. for horse]
• — number, [Root not-expres­sible by numbers]
• [Betrothed]
• Eating (exc.]
• Drinking (exc.]
• Labor (exc.]
• [Conjecture]
• [a. Excess]
• Take Unexpectedly]
• sp. by Stratagem]
• sp. by Ambush]
• sp. in building]
• [adj. Measuring (artist]
• Diffidence]
• [Doubtful Expectarion]
• [a. Patience]
• Sustenance, [adj. nourish­ing (thing]
• Sustentation, [adj. nourish­ing (thing]
• Ordinary. Pr. I.
• Extraordinary. Pr. II.
• sp. with shaking (imp.]
• [a. Insolence]
• [a. Glorying (corr.]
• [a. Magistrate]
• [a. Oblique (make]
• — tail, [adj. Mag. IV. 4. end of beam]▪
• Sea — BI. IX. 9. A.
• — fish. Fi. III. 6. A.
• — ing. Mo. III. 7. A.
• Aggregate (thing]
• Multitude (thing]
• — bread, [Glandule] PG. II. 7. A.
• — meats, [Banquet (thing]
• — heart, [Suter]
• [Page] [adj. a. Courtesie]
• [v. Protuberance]
• Bird. Bi. V. 14.
• — for swine, [Drink for swine]
• Disease, [Vertigo]
• — s bread, [Sow-bread]
• — s grass, [Knot-grass]
• — Pipe, [Redwing] Bi. III. 5. A.
• Striking (aug.]
• Whipping (aug.]
• adj. [Great (augm.]
• to — [Cudgel with wand]
• Put to the — [a. Dy (make) with sword]
• — of Bacon. [Skin of Bacon]
• — fish. Fi. I. 2. A.
• green — [Grassie land]
• pret. Swear]
• sp. adj. Private]
• sp. adj. Obscure]
• sp. adj. p. Concealing]
• Congruity (pron.]
• Friendship] (pron.]
• Congratulation]
• sp. Concealed]
• Convention Eccle­siastic]
• sp. adj. Tressel (fig.
• — Book, [Book of Lamins upon-adj. p. writing (apt.]
• Pair of — s, [adj. Mo. V. 2. A. (jug.]
• — man, [adj. Mo. V. 2. A. (instr.]
• Play at—s. Mo- V. 2. A.
• Adj. Tressel (fig.) Po. VI. 4.
• [Understood] adj. D. III. 8. O.
• hold - [Hold out] RM. II. 4.
• sp. with pin (dim.]
• — of ship, [Rigging]
• sp. of Ordering. RM. IV.
• — Quality. Q. V.
• — minor. Fi. VI. 3. A.
• —&— rag, [Rabb [...] e]
• to — [Tie by the tail]
• [adj. Rottenness (make]
• out of anothers
• without consent. TA. I. 4.
• Person or Goods, [a. Ar­rest]
• Part for Whole, [a. Seisin]
• Injuriously, [Usurp]
• Person, [Captivate]
• Place. RM. II. 4. E.
• Goods, [a. Booty]
• Into-ition]
• sp. its end]
• — account, [Reckon (make]
• — the air, [Go into the open Air]
• — Breath, [a. Breath]
• adj. v. Displi­cence]
• — fire, [adj. v. fire (inc.]
• adj. p. Power (inc.]
• adj. Disobe­dience (inc.]
• — Heart, [adj. p. Encourage­ment]
• — Heavily, [adj. a. Grief for]
• — his heels, [Fly]
• — the height, [Measure the h.]
• — hold, [a. Hand (inc.]
• as a man, [Up-ition upon his h.]
• as mare, [v. Coition]
• v. Displicence]
• Esteem not-adj. friend]
• — Leave, [a. Valediction]
• — Notice, [Observe]
• — Oath, [Swear]
• Operation (augm.]
• [Page] — place, [Precede]
• — a pride, [Glorying]
• — Prisoner, [Captivate]
• [Steal a purse]
• [Rob money]
• — Root, [a. Root]
• — shipping, [into a. ship]
• Discover defect]
• Find adj. pres. acti­on]
• Heedfulness]
• [Into-take water]
• [Go into water]
• [Navigate (inc.]
• Proceed to learn]
• — a town. RM. II. 4. E.
• — Pieces, [Separate the parts]
• — Writing, [Write]
• Grief (sign]
• Anger (sign]
• — Mercy, [Be merciful to]
• — Wife, [Marry]
• [Lifting take]
• [Reprehend] sp. angerly]
• — Cloth, [Buy c. &c. with­out paying]
• — money, [Borrow money]
• — a quarrel, [Un-adj. a. con­tention (make]
• — his rest, [Rest]
• — time, [Spend t.]
• — upon him, [Claim]
• as with diseases, [Sick]
• as with pleasure, [Pleased with (augm.]
• [Narration] sp. adj. fiction]
• — bearer, [Backbiter]
• [Natural power]
• [Acquired Habit]
• Conferring]
• — wood [Blocks]
• sp. for Candle (make]
• Tame (make]
• op. to Fortitude, [Cowar­dize]
• op. to Peaceableness. Man. IV. 3. E.
• Make Leather by juice of Oak]
• Prepare Leather by juice of Brasil] &c.
• sp. Unsavoriness (dim.]
• Maudlin — HF. II. 4. A.
• Wild — HF. IX. 1.
• to —[Strike (dim.]
• — House, [adj. Selling (House of Ale]
• — House, [adj. Selling (Room of Ale]
• to —[Stream (make]
• sp. by into-thrusting fau­cet]
• [adj. Wax candle]
• take —[Find adj. pres. acti­on]
• [adj. Walking (place) on Building]
• [Courser plaister adj. p. hard (apt.) in water]
• — for, [Wait]
• sp. of sowr f.]
• Austere Man. VI. 8. O.
• Appointed operation]
• Undertaken business]
• — work, [adv. Aggregate (segr.]
• Tufted Button]
• — of hawk, vid. Teircel ]
• the Sense. NP. III. 4.
• Sensible quality. Q. IV.
• a. Essay] sp. by tasting]
• [before adj. tasting (off.]
• [Cup (dim.) for essaying by tast]
• a — [Fragment from adj. p. tear]
• sp. Uncertain]
• adj. a. pret. Teach]
• adj. p. Teach]
• sp. for Limberness (make]
• Payment public. RC. V. 9. A.
• — er. RO. III. 3.
• — of ducks, [Aggregate of ducks (young]
• — ing. Mo. VI. 6. A.
• sp. Nipple of it]
• Irksom, [adj. a. AS. V. 1. O. (apt.]
• Tiring, [adj. a. Wearying (apt.]
• Long (exc.]
• Slow (exc.]
• cannot — [Know not]
• — of mind. NP. IV.
• resp. Propagation. NP. VI.
• Iust — TM. I. 8.
• out of — [Sick (dim.]
• [a. Mediocrity (make]
• [adj. Temperance]
• adj. Mediocrity]
• — Heat, &c. Q. V. 1, &c.
• [Secular] adj. RE. O.
• [adj. Temples.]
• adj. a. Con­gruity with times]
• Alter with times]
• [Try sp▪ into a. vice]
• [Allure sp▪ into a. vice]
• [Seduce sp▪ into a. vice]
• [Keeping (apt.]
• Sea — Fi. VI. 4.
• [v. Tendency]
• [v. Leisure]
• [adj. p. Hurt (apt.]
• Compassionate]
• Courteous (augm.]
• [a. Tender]
• Contained (thing]
• —in musick, [next (part) a­bove the Base]
• — work, [White Maiden hair] HL. I. 5.
• [Pin of Down (like) for stop­ping wound]
• Unfaithfully]
• sp. limited]
• [adj. [...] . (time]
• Conditions]
• Coming off upon equal — RM. II. 1.
• Herb. Sh. VI. 3.
• [Catalogue of lands]
• [Dog for hunting beasts out of holes in the earth]
• [Vessel (dim.) for trial by melting]
• [adj. Bequeathing writing]
• [Scripture] RE. VI. 1.
• Witnessing (thing]
• Witnessed (thing]
• sp. Writing]
• [adj. Covering (jug.) of bed­stead]
• [Half shilling]
• [adj. Subject writing]
• [adj. Scripture sentence]
• sp. (manner]
• — fulness, [Gratitude]
• — to God. RE. IV. 3.
• [the] Art. II.
• [he] Pron. I. 3.
• — Same, [Same]
• [Which] Pron. III. 2. A.
• that. Conj. III. 1.
• to — [a. Roof with straw]
• [Un-a. frost]
• [Dissolving]
• Comparative. Adv. III. 1. O.
• [at that time]
• How therefore]
• sp. adj. a. Science (apt.]
• — about. Adv. V. 3.
• — fore. Conj. III. 3. O.
• — in in it]
• — of of it]
• [Upon that] Conj. IV. 1. O.
• [Positive sentence]
• as to magnitude. TM. II. 5.
• as to number, [adj. multi­tude]
• as to time, [Frequent]
• [as to place, [Obvious]
• Their greatness, [adj. Course­ness]
• In Arids, [Fulling]
• In Liquids, [Coagulating]
• our sence of them, [adj. Opa­city]
• the sense it self.
• — of hearing, [Dull of hearing]
• Woods (dim.]
• as to magnitude. TM. II. 5. O. [Lean]
• as to number, [adj. Fewness]
• as to time, [Seldom]
• as to place, [Rare]
• their nearness, [Rare]
• In Liquids, [Dissolving]
• Our sense of it, [Transparent]
• [Cogitation. AS. II. 1.
• me—s, [I am adj. opinion]
• [adj. v. Perswasion]
• [v. Meditation]
• — much, [adj. v. Nolleity]
• Fullers — [Tezzle]
• Globe — HF. VIII. 2.
• Sow — HF. III. 14.
• — ward, [Toward that place]
• Fi. II. 2. A.
• Prickle. PP. I. 3. A.
• Black — Sh. I. 4.
• Box — Sh. I. 6. A.
• Bucks — Sh. I. 7.
• Christs — Sh. I. 6.
• Ever green — Sh. III. 4.
• Goats — Sh. IV. 9.
• Purging — Sh. I. 5.
• White — Sh. I. 3. A.
• — Apple. HS. VII. 7. A.
• in weight. Mea. III. 8.
• in money. Mea. IV. 7.
• to—a needle, [Through-put thred]
• Worn to the threads]
• Un-adj. p. Wool by wearing]
• — Fold, [Three (kind]
• [v. Inward trembling (like) sound]
• Herb. HF. II. 14. A.
• Become rich]
• adj. v. Vigour]
• sp. Pulse (augm.]
• a. Density]
• Set out — [Exclamation]
• — Boll, [Protuberance of the (th]
• — wort. HS. VII. 7. A.
• sp. by compressing throat]
• — & through, [Through both sides]
• — fare, [Through-passage]
• — stitch, [Perfect]
• quite — [Through both sides]
• [For] Prep. I. 2. A.
• [With] Prep. I. 1. A.
• [Over] Prep. III. 3.
• [By] Prep. I. 2.
• Codded — HS. IV. 6. A. [...]
• — a dart, [a. Dart]
• —Person, [Precipitate]
• —Building, [a. Ruine]
• — forth Unpossess]
• — out Unpossess]
• Pang, [Pain (imp.]
• Sea — Fi. V.9.
• — forth [Un-possess]
• — out [Un-possess]
• Himself in, [Usurp]
• First Finger]
• biggest Finger]
• sp. with obtuse (thing]
• [Sound of striking]
• — Bolt Long (dim.) Peb­ble (kind]
• — stone Long (dim.) Peb­ble (kind]
• [In this manner]
• [adj. Disingenuity]
• [Contradict]
• Knit. O. II. 2.
• motion of the Sea. W. IV. 6. A.
• good — [Festival]
• sp. of new (thing]
• Sheep — Ex. II. 6. A.
• Bed — [Case of Bed]
• to — [a roof with Tiles]
• a — in a Chest, [Box (dim.) adj. drawn (apt.]
• adv. [Untill]
• a. Agriculture]
• — ed Land, [Arable]
• a — [adj. Cloth roof]
• to — [Fence with Spear]
• — a vessel, [adj. a. Oblique v.]
• Land in — [L. adj. p. agricul­ture (perf.]
• — of fur [aggregate—]
• Space. Sp. I.
• at—s. Sp. I. 8. O.
• at all—s. [adv. Perpetuity]
• often—s, [adv. Frequency]
• Some—s, [adv. Rarity]
• for a — [adv. Transitory]
• Long — [adv. Permanence]
• — in music.
• measure of — Mea. V.
• in — adv. time (perf.]
• in good — adv. time (perf.]
• out of — [adv. time (corr.]
• the—s, [adj time (things]
• [Opportune]
• Fear (apt.]
• — glass, [Bismute] Met. III. 3.
• to — a. surface with Tin (lam.]
• [Coloured Liquor]
• sp. adv. acute]
• [a. Fall by striking with adj. p. cast (thing]
• Drinking (freq.]
• a. Drunkenness]
• — for hawk, [adj. a appe­tite (thing) by adj. p. peck­ing]
• crested — Bi. VI. 8. A.
• long-tail'd — Bi. VI. 8.
• [Horse (dim.]
• to—over, [Fall]
• sp. of Dignity]
• great — Bi. VI. 6.
• [Most-little (thing]
• — tattle, [adj. Loquacity (thing]
• — the end, [For the e.]
• — that, [That]
• day [in this day]
• morrow [in next day
• [Of] Prep. I. 1.
• according — Prep. II. 1.
• in — Prep. IV. 1.
• un — Prep. II. 1.
• Subst. [Finger of foot]
• — do Doing &c.]
• — say, &c. Saying &c.]
• — 's flax. HS. VIII. 6. A.
• — Stool, [Mushrom] HL. I. 1.
• — fish. Fi. II. 4. A.
• — fish. Fi. III. 13. A.
• — with. Prep. II. 2.
• [Vain (thing]
• [adj. Valour (dim.]
• to — [a. Wantonness]
• [Labour (augm.]
• [adj. Witness (sign]
• [Page] [Pawn]
• [Gift] sp. sent]
• adj. a. pret. Tell]
• adj. p. Tell]
• [adj. Paid (part) out of adj. p. rinding (thing]
• — boothe, [Prison]
• [adj. p. Patience (apt.]
• [Indifferent]
• [Ring (dim.]
• [Voice (manner]
• [Distance between two notes]
• — tied, [Dumb through not-motion (pot.) of tong]
• Dogs — HM. II. 3.
• — of a ballance, [Direct pin of ballance]
• place of them. PG. III. 9. A.
• [adv. Excess]
• — som, [adj. Taste (perf.]
• Eye — [Longest.]
• figure. Mag. IV. 2.
• — wort. HS. IV. 2. A.
• — without Leaves. HL. V. 8. A.
• Highest. Sp. III. 7.
• [Cone. adj. p. Vertiginate (apt.) by ad.. p. whipping]
• [Cut off the top]
• [a. Superiority]
• — medicine, [m. applicable to the Sick (part]
• [adj. Invention (place of ar­gu­ment]
• [Foundation (like of ar­gu­ment]
• Pitch (augm.]
• Pain (augm.]
• Cast upward]
• a. Volutation]
• — pot, [adj. Drunkenness (per­son]
• sp. without vertigination]
• Extern. NP. III.
• Intern. NP. II.
• —active. Q. V.
• —passive. Q. VI.
• the — [p. Experience]
• — stone. St. I. 6. A.
• — ing, [Concerning] Prep. I. 3. A.
• Speak little of]
• a. Object (dim.)
• — wood, [Fungus of tree for a. fire (inc.]
• — ly, [adj. Learn (apt.]
• About. Adv.] V. 3.
• Almost Adv.] V. 1.
• to — [Draw with cord]
• adj. Town (person]
• Follow by track]
• Hunt by track]
• [Country] W. III. A.
• [Written Discourse]
• — of time, [Time (augm.]
• adj. p. Govern (apt]
• [Profession. RC. II. sp. Un­learned]
• [Art. Ha. VI. 3. sp. Un­learned]
• to — [a. Merchant]
• — winde, [Constant w.]
• [Narration] sp. Successive]
• Ecclesiastic. RE. VI. 1. A.
• [Calumniate]
• bird's — PP. V. 2. A.
• — of powder.
• [Waiters (aggr.]
• — of an Army. RM. IV. 7.
• [Allurement]
• Perfidiousness
• [on- a. foot]
• [a. Sound (augm.) with a. foot (augm.]
• [v. Quieting (abstr.]
• [Contentation]
• [Page] a. Disobey]
• a. Violate]
• vid. Transfer.
• Derive from, &c.]
• a. ition from, &c.]
• vid. Stone.
• (Coun­trey]
• [Carry into another Coun­trey]
• Exchange the Place]
• Alter the Order]
• [Journey] TA. VI. 3. sp. into forreign Coun­treys]
• to —[a. Transverse]
• — Suit, [Denying the action].
• op. to fidelity. Man. IV. 2. D
• op. to Loyalty. Man. V. 6. D.
• — down, [a. Prostrate by up­on- a. foot.]
• sp. as bird (male]
• Money (place]
• — r, [adj. keeping (Off.) of money]
• [a. Object]
• in order to a Bargain. RC. VI. 1. A.
• Written Discourse]
• Printed Discourse]
• [Threefold]
• — in Music. Q. III. 1. E.
• — of life. Tr. V. 6. A.
• — of saddle, [adj. wood (part)
• bean — Sh. IV. 3.
• Hedghog — HS. III. 15. A.
• Shrub — Sh. IV. 3. A.
• Snail — HS. III. 15.
• Starheaded — HF. VIII. 5. A.
• — friend, [Flatterer for victu­als]
• — man, [Eater]
• [adj. boring (instr.) for head­bone]
• sp. through fear]
• [Lock of hair]
• [Tassel (like]
• TA. II. 5. A.
• — at law. RC. II. 4. A.
• Prove. TA. II. 5. A.
• a. Experience]
• — out, [Try the utmost]
• Refine, [Separate the course parts]
• sp. from one progenitor]
• Action (dim.]
• thing (corr.]
• to — [a. Ornate]
• sp. adv. Series]
• [Thing of no value]
• [a Wantonness]
• [a Lightness]
• [a Cunctation]
• Staying (instr. of ver­tigination]
• Impedient (instr. of ver­tigination]
• [Sign of standing (place]
• — ing a boat, [a. Ballancing]
• — ing a ship — RN. VI. 4. A.
• — major. Bi. VII. 5.
• — minor. Bi. VII. 5. A.
• (Instruments]
• [a. Slide (make]
• [Stumble (dim.]
• — along, [Walk nimbly]
• Government of to­ge­ther-three (persons]
• Magistracy of to­ge­ther-three (persons]
• adj. a. pret. Tread]
• adj, p. Tread]
• [Ition adv. Smooth]
• [Hunt fish with adj. vertigina­ting (mach,]
• Company. RM. IV. 3.
• — of Cancer. W. VI. 6.
• — of Capricorn. W. VI. 6. A.
• a — [adj. Decrepit (sem.]
• to — Mo. II. 2. A.
• sp. of Sheep]
• [Page] Grief]
• — water, [Un▪ a. quiet]
• adj. a. Trouble (apt.]
• Contentious]
• [Slothful (person]
• Transitory peace
• Between-space of qui­et]
• Fierce (augm.]
• Cruel (augm.]
• [adj. Victory (kind) of Cards]
• Sorry (things]
• Worst part]
• RM. III. 3. A.
• Fish. Fi. IV. 10.
• Short thick stick]
• adj. Cudgelling (inst.]
• Upon wheels]
• adv. Vertiginating]
• — of plant, [Stock] PP. I. 2.
• — of animal. PG. IV.
• Chest. sp. with convex adj. covering (thing]
• Snout. PP. V. 4. A.
• Together— Tie]
• — of hay, [adj. p. bound (aggr.) of h.]
• — with, [Deposit]
• — for, [Lend]
• in — Adv. I. 2. O.
• — fish Fi. IV. 5.
• Round — Mag. V. 9. O.
• Square — Mag. V. 9.
• (freq.] (Sword]
• of a ship. RN. II. 9.
• to — [Fasten the extremity]
• Tassel. Mag. IV. 6.
• —of flower. PP. II. 6.
• [Dog hunting lesser beasts by agility]
• [Praestigiator by tumbling]
• Weight. Mea. III. 9.
• to — [Prepare (perf.]
• — able, [adj. Music]
• — of Chimney, [Concave (part) of ch.]
• Protuberance]
• [Full (augm.]
• Business (augm.]
• — head, [Resist]
• — inside out.
• — upside-down.
• [a. Volutation]
• — with a Lave. O. IV. 7. A.
• — er, [adj.—ing (mech.]
• [v. Convert ]
• [v. Apostate ]
• — back, [Back—]
• — out, [Eject]
• a — [Turning]
• a good — [a. Benefactor]
• an ill — [Mischief]
• by—s, [adv. Course]
• — tree. Tr. III. 3. A.
• [Tower (dim.]
• fig. Mag. VI. 3. A.
• Bird. Bi. III. 2. A.
• Beast. Be. V. 1. A.
• Twist sp. mutu­ally.]
• Embrace sp. mutu­ally.]
• Pull (imp.]
• Pain (imp.]
• the — [share]
• to — O. V. 1.
• [Pull (imp.]
• [Pain] AC. II. 9.
• — fold, [Two (kind]
• [Letter-printing (instr.]
• [Kingship, adj. Usurping (per­son]
• [adj. Man. VI. 4. O. (person]
• [Not-Furnished]
• [adj. Leisure]
• adj. Leisure (time]
• not-adj. RC. (time]
• [v. Wandring]
• sp. besides-wages]
• — glory, [Glorying (corr.]
• Sufficience (apt.]
• Efficience (apt.]
• Worth. Mea. IV.
• [Fortitude]
• [Mend by Adding]
• [Mend by Renewing part]
• sp. of army]
• [Winnowing (jug.]
• Frivolousness. T. IV. 5. O.
• Not-profitableness]
• Frustrating (abstr.]
• Wantonness]
• op. to gravity. Man, IV. 6. O.
• [Exhalation] El. II. 2. A.
• v. Diversity]
• adj. Alter (apt.]
• Inconstant]
• Tub (augm.]
• [Leap] Mo. V. 5. A.
• — gard, vid. Vantgard.
• [Flesh of Calf]
• Let-go more Sail]
• Out-put more Cord]
• [adj. p. Vegetative soul (make]
• its actions. AC. I.
• [Intenseness]
• [Fierceness] Ha. III. 4. D.
• [a. Respect (sign]
• — of Metal [Vein (like) line of— m in the earth]
• — of Stone [Vein (like) line of— S in the earth]
• Temper] NP. IV.
• [Pulling (frep.]
• [Twitching] AC. II. 9.
• adj. p. Sell (pot.]
• adj. p. Sell (apt.]
• [Reverence]
• [a. Revenge]
• [adj. p. Forgive (pot.]
• [adj. p. Forgive (apt.]
• [Hole for out-a. Wind]
• [Hole for out-a. Exhal.]
• [Sent] Q. IV. A.
• in— ition (make]
• [adj. a. wind (jug.]
• [adj. a. wind tube]
• [Hollow (place]
• [Stomach] PG. VI. 4.
• sp. its danger]
• sp. ones fortune]
• at a — [adv. Essaying its danger]
• at a — [adv. Essaying ones fortune]
• [Dangerous]
• [adj. Essaying (apt.) danger]
• [Stab (end]
• — comb. HS. I. 5. A.
• — Looking glase. HS. V. 3.
• — Shell. Ex. VII. 7.
• [a. word (exc.]
• [Loquacity]
• [Greenness]
• in—deed Adv. I. 2. O.
• [a. Truth (make]
• sp. Hurtful]
• [Hurtful Animals]
• [adj. ones Nation (place]
• [adj. ones Tribe (place]
• [adj. Spring]
• — ing. O. IV. 8. A.
• Part of Book. D. III. 2.
• op. to Prose. D. III. 4. O.
• sp. adj. preceding]
• — point, [Upper pole of the Horizon]
• [adj. Vertex. Ma. II. 2.
• — motion. O. I. 5.
• infused. Ha. V.
• intellectual. Ha. VI.
• moral. Man. I.
• Respecting the body. Man. II.
• Respecting the state and digni­ty. Man. III.
• Homiletical.
• — belonging to superior. Man. V.
• — belonging to Inferior. Man. VI.
• Instruments of — Ha. II.
• — Intellectual — Ha. III.
• — Moral — Ha. III.
• — Heterogeneous. PG. VI.
• — Homogeneous. PG. II.
• bitter — HS. II. 4.
• Crimson grass — HS. III. 7.
• hatched — HS. III. 6.
• Milk — HS. III. 3. A.
• Yellow wild — HS. II. 6.
• [a. Angry (make]
• [a. Grieved (make]
• Deformed (augm.]
• Indecent (augm.]
• a. Emulation]
• [More—a. wager]
• [adj. Glass bottle (dim.]
• [adj. Music (instr.) to be sounded with bow]
• [Second (kind) Presbyter]
• [Moral] Man. I. O.
• Feign'd fool]
• adj. Scurrility (person]
• [adj. Holding (mach.]
• [Unchast (make]
• [Neighborhood]
• [a. Turn] T. VI. 8.
• [Alteration, adj. turn]
• get the —RM. II. 1. E.
• [adj. Victuals (Off.]
• [adj. Victuals (Merc.]
• fall to his —[Eat]
• [a. ey] PG. III. 2.
• Abstinence. Man. II. 4.
• [Heedfulness]
• [a. Vigilance]
• [Day before the Festival]
• [adj. Valor (dim.]
• [a. Disrepect]
• Lowest degree of Commonal­ty, RC. I. 8.
• [Page] [Wicked (person]
• [a. Defendant]
• [a. Advocate]
• [Shew Innocence]
• [Gathering grapes]
• [a. Wine (make.]
• sp. adv. segregate]
• in Motion. Mo. VI.
• bulbous — HL. IV. 5. A.
• dames — HS. IV. 2.
• [adj. Music (instr.) so be sounded with Bow]
• — s grass, [Scorsonera]
• [Not-married] RO. II. 1.
• [Chast unmarried] RO. II. 1. A.
• — honey, [First h. of Bees]
• — parchment, [p. made of the skin of an abortive]
• [Undefiled]
• — s bower, [Clematis] Sh. V. 7.
• [Male (abstr.]
• [adj. Poison]
• [adj. Malice]
• Face. PG. III. 1.
• [Seen (part]
• adj. apparence (thing]
• adj. p. See Revelation]
• [About-ition for a Disci­pline]
• Fish. Fi. IX. 4. A.
• Not— acceptable]
• Against acceptable]
• [adv. Identity— Opinioned]
• [adv. Identity— Minded]
• [Not-adj. p. Peaceableness]
• [Not-adj. p. Meekness]
• Not- armed]
• [Not— Heeding]
• [Not— Expecting]
• taken at — [Surprized]
• [Incredulity] Ha. III. 2. D.
• [Infidelity] Ha. V. 4. O.
• [adj. Spontaneity]
• — d, [Irregular]
• [Not-certain]
• [adj. Defilement]
• Not- clothed]
• Un— clothed]
• [Not-corrupted]
• [Impartial]
• [Not-courteous]
• [Not-adj. custom]
• [Page] [adj. Stranger]
• [New (corr.]
• [Extraordinary (corr]
• to feeling. Q. VI. 4. D.
• to tast. Q. IV. 2.
• [Not-defiled]
• Proper. Prep. VI. 1. O.
• — hand and seal, [Under writ­ten and sealed]
• Contain —it. [c. within its capacity]
• — age [of adj. pupil age]
• — lid of eye.
• — side. Sp. III. 5. O.
• Subordinate]
• v. Subject]
• — craftily, [a. Treachery]
• Know (make]
• Omit. D. III. 8. O.
• Faculty. NP. I. 1.
• Speculative. AS. II.
• Practical. AS. III.
• adj.-a. pret. Understand]
• adj. p. Understand]
• Omitted. D. III. 8. O.
• — for, [a. Sponsion]
• — to do [Oblige himself by promise]
• Lower woods
• Young woods
• Not-determined]
• Not-divided]
• a. poverty (augm.]
• [adj. p. Undo]
• [Not-done.]
• Figure. Mag. IV. 9.
• Motion, [a. Wave] W. IV. 1. E.
• [Not-equal]
• [Not-equitable]
• Sufficient­ly]
• Not-figured]
• Figured (corr.
• Not-fast­ned]
• Un— fast­ned]
• Not-feather­ed]
• Un—feather­ed]
• Not-feigned]
• Not-fetter­ed]
• Un—fetter­ed]
• Fortune (corr.]
• Barrenness. NP. VI. 3. O.
• [Unprofitableness]
• Not-furnish­ed]
• Un—furnish­ed]
• Not-adj. p. Bound]
• Un—adj. p. Bound]
• [Graceless]
• adj.-anointing thing]
• Down-put from hors
• Un-a. ride (make]
• Circumstance]
• [Un-a. joynt]
• [Separate the parts]
• Peaceableness]
• adj. Universality]
• [Uncharitable]
• [Discourteous] adj. Man. IV. 7. O.
• [Not-adj. friend]
• Un—a. Lace]
• Not-a. String]
• Not—Lawful]
• Against-Lawful]
• [adj. Unlikeness]
• — ness. TM. V. 1. O.
• Not—True like]
• Against-True like]
• Determined]
• Un-a. lock]
• Open-with key
• Not—adj. p. love (apt.]
• Againstadj. p. love (apt.]
• Fortune (corr.
• Event (corr.
• adj. Creation]
• Disrespect]
• Not—adj. man (male]
• Against-adj. man (male]
• [Not-adj. pret. married]
• [adj. Celibate]
• [Not- adj. Measure (pot.]
• Not-nail'd]
• [Irregular]
• Not-bound toge­ther] aggregated]
• Un-bound toge­ther] aggregated]
• Un-companioned]
• Not-fastened with pin]
• Un-fastened with pin]
• Not-planted]
• Un-planted]
• Ha. II. 3. O.
• T. IV. 2. O.
• [Not-prosperous]
• [Against-quiet]
• [adj. Molesting]
• Not-ranked]
• Not—adj. Equity
• in commanding, [Man. VI. 6. O.]
• [Injustice]
• Not-rivetted]
• Un-rivetted]
• Back-roule]
• Rebellious]
• Unprofitable]
• Not-adj. p. Shoo]
• Un—adj. p. Shoo]
• Inexperience]
• Not-spotted]
• Not-constant]
• Not— Strung]
• Un— Strung]
• Not— Stuffed]
• Un— Stuffed]
• [Not- Certain]
• [Not- Safe]
• Not-congruous]
• Disagreeable]
• Un— swath­ed]
• Not— swath­ed]
• Incredulous]
• — now, [Until this time]
• — birth, [Abortion]
• Disingenuity]
• Undutifulness]
• Not-ornate]
• Not— trussed]
• Un— trussed]
• Not-harmonious]
• adj. Discord]
• [Not-adj. p Value (pot.]
• [Not-adj. p Price (pot.]
• Not-customary]
• Not-common]
• Not-welcom]
• adj. a. Displicence]
• [Not-adj. p. motion (apt.]
• [adj. Coaction]
• Not-knowing]
• Profession]
• Travelling]
• Song of 3— s, [Song for 3 to­gether-singing (per­sons]
• Suffrage, [Consent (sign]
• — of, [Without]
• [Not-possest]
• adj. Nothing(make]
• sp. for carrying adj. meat (things]
• [adj. a. Exhalation (apt.]
• sp of tongue]
• Spontaneity]
• Wish, [Velleity]
• sp. by speaking]
• [Upward ver­gent▪ toward Upperside]
• [Upward ver­gent▪ toward Top]
• Bell is— b. is in moti­on]
• Hare is— h. is in moti­on]
• Name is— n. is in moti­on]
• Imperfection
• perfection]
• to and fro]
• divers ways]
• — by the root, [Together with the r.]
• — hill, [Upward on the hill]
• — to, [Until at]
• Barrel — [Lay up in Barrel]
• a. Inflation]
• Upward cast]
• sp. by firing Gunpow­der]
• Burn, [b. perfectly]
• K. together]
• Put on the heap]
• Store- TA. V. 4.
• Lift — [Lift]
• a. patience]
• Rise — [Rise]
• Rouze — [Rise (make]
• Sit — [Sit direct]
• Sow together]
• Stay — [Bear]
• Stand — [Stand]
• Together-ty]
• Shut by tying]
• Grow — [Usurp]
• Look — [a. Sight]
• — that hand, [t. that side]
• come — [Assault]
• — this, [after th.]
• worde—word.
• — end, [Top]
• — side. Sp. III. 5.
• — hand, [adj. Dignity (place]
• Get the — [a. Victory]
• ly—[ly adj. reverse]
• Upside down turn­ed]
• [Sitting direct]
• [Little sorry (person]
• [Custom of useing]
• [a. Impulsive (augm.]
• [Intreat (augm.]
• Salt of — St. I. 5.
• sp. for burying Ashes]
• [Use (manner]
• [Entertaining (manner]
• [Usus fructus]
• Lend upon — [Lend for hire]
• Take upon — [a. hire]
• sp. adj. Custom]
• in — [adj. Custom]
• Out of, [Un-adj. Custom]
• [Entertein]
• [Accessory Teacher]
• [adj. p use (freq.]
• [Customary]
• [Most-adj. Outside]
• [adj. Outside]
• [adj. Extream]
• — People, [Rabble]
• Volutation]
• Duck (like]
• sp. of Pudding (kind]
• a — [adj. Urbanity (person]
• — Law, [a. Suit]
• — Souldiers, [Bargain with S.]
• — War, [a. War]
• Yellow. Bi. V. 7. A.
• adj. ition (place]
• factitious way. Po. II. 7. A.
• — man, [adj. Travelling (person]
• — Tree. Sh. II. 3.
• — Laying, [a. Ambush]
• go his — [Go]
• make — [Prepare w.]
• shew the — [Direct in the w.]
• Accessorily]
• adj. Digression]
• Set in the — [Direct]
• Bring on the — [Accompany in the beginning of his journey]
• Go on his — [Proceed]
• [Beside the scope]
• [Page] [Avoiding]
• [adj. a. Losing]
• [ great — [Remote]
• — off, [Remote (augm.]
• many—s, [adv. Diversity vergent]
• [Stay] TA. V. 1. O.
• Companion, [a. com­panion]
• Dependent, [a. de­pendent]
• Servant, [a. Ser­vant]
• Lay — [a. Ambush]
• Moroseness]
• [End sleep]
• [Begin to wake]
• not-sleep. AC. II. 4.
• [adj. Country festival]
• — Robin. HL. V. 9. A.
• Proper. Mo. II. 1.
• fetch a — [Go for a walk]
• as Ghost, [appear]
• — creeper, [Woodpecker] of a long slender bill, about the bigness of a Sparrow]
• — eyed, [White eyed]
• — flower. HS. IV. 1. A.
• — Louse, [Punaise] Po. III. 6.
• — Nut. Tr. IV. 1. A.
• — Rue, [White Maiden hair] HL. I. 5.
• — wort, [Danewort]
• sp. Open in the middle]
• Loathing (dim.]
• Aversation (dim.]
• [Have occasion to use]
• Not have. TA. I. 5. O.
• — little of [Almost.]
• Playwardness. NP. IV. 3. O.
• [Unchastity]
• Ship. RN. I. 6.
• — off, [Defend from]
• Guard] RM. III 6.:
• [Together adj. ought, Guard City (part]
• [Imprisonment (place]
• Cavity in the la­min of the key]
• Notch in the la­min of the key]
• — of a lock, [Curve (lamin) within L.]
• adj. Keeping (Off.]
• — tree, [Pear (kind]
• [adj. Keeping (Off.]
• Guard (person]
• Watch (person]
• [adj. p. Sell (thing]
• [a. Imperat-heedfulness]
• [Reservedness]
• Fierce (dim.]
• — to appear, [Citation]
• the — [Direct threed]
• [Written Command]
• — es. W. III. 6. A.
• hog — [Broth for hogs]
• — ish, [Morose]
• — like [...] . Ex. IV. 3. A.
• — of a ship. RN. II. 5.
• [Spend (corr.]
• — for, [Expect waiting]
• — with, [Wait waking]
• Persons, [Guard]
• Places. RM. III. 6. A.
• adj. word (sign) of Watch]
• time (sign) by word]
• Clock without Bell]
• adj. Pocket Clock]
• (Vigilance]
• Element. El. III.
• Running — [Stream]
• Standing — [Pool]
• in a — [adj. Sweating (aug.]
• under — [Covered with—]
• — beetle. Ex. V. 8.
• — Chein, [Chain (dim.]
• — Furrow, [Trench for drein]
• — Hen, [Moorhen] Bi. VIII. 9.
• — man, [adj. Rowing (person]
• — Scorpion. Ex. I. 9.
• — Shoot, [Barren branch (dim.]
• — Snail. Ex. VII. 1. A.
• — Spider. Ex. II. 4.
• — Cattle, [Drink (make) c.]
• — garden, [a. Wet (make) the surface with—]
• [Out—[Distilled (thing]
• — blood, [Serous blood]
• — tast, [adj. water (like t.]
• [Gill] PG. V. 7. A.
• [Undulation]
• [Shaking (dim.]
• ear — [Excrement of the ear]
• [v. Event ]
• sp. of Straw]
• [Impotence]
• Feebleness. NP. V. 7. O.
• Deficiency]
• Being (perf.]
• [Common prosperity]
• [Government by the people]
• — a child, [Un- a. suckle Child]
• Lessen by use]
• Worse by use]
• — out, [Spoil by use]
• — as clothes, [v. Clothing ] Pr. IV.
• — in his pocket, [Carry] Mo. VI. 1.
• — as Ring, &c. [with p. Or­nate] TM. II. 6.
• a — [adj. Taking (mach.) of fish]
• to — TA. V. 8. O.
• — of [Sick of] adj. TA. V. 7. O.
• [Guelt Sheep] Be. II. 2.
• — Cock, [Shewing (jug.) of the vergency of the wind]
• to—one, [a. patience]
• — ing. O. V. 2.
• [adj. Weaving (mech.]
• Fish. Fi. IV. 8.
• Cob - [Woven (thing) of Spi­der]
• [White spot in the eye]
• sp. for cleaving]
• — of Silver.
• [In-thrust (augm.]
• [In-fasten] sp. by prisms in-thrusted about it]
• [Sorry garment]
• — ing. O. III. 3. A.
• — of time. Mea. V. 4. A.
• — of Candle, [adj. p. flame (apt.) string (part]
• [a. Supposition]
• Over — [a. Pride]
• v. mea. III.
• — with Balances. O. I. 2.
• — anker, [Lift a.]
• — down. [Depress]
• Measuring (instr.) Mea. III. A.
• Gold — Weight per­fectly equal]
• Standing — Weight per­fectly equal]
• Sufficient]
• — a day. Int. II. 2. O.
• — advised, [a. Considerate]
• — beloved, [Loved]
• Gentle man]
• Accepted (perf.]
• [Joy. AS. VI. 6. (sign) for his coming]
• [Entertain (perf.]
• — fare, [Being (perf.]
• — favoured, [adj. Decent] (fig.]
• — in health, [adj. Health]
• — in years, [adj. Old (dim.]
• — nigh, [Almost] Adv. V. 1.
• — now Int. III. 2. O.
• — then Int. III. 2. O.
• — to pass, [Rich (dim.]
• — willing adj. Favour]
• as — Adv. II. 1.
• a — W. IV. 3.
• sp. made by sowing]
• Childhood (fem.]
• Adolescence (fem.]
• [Sorry (fem.]
• to — [a. Fornication]
• [are having been]
• as it — Adv. IV. 2. O.
• — of the river, [Sheatfish] Fi. VI. 6.
• Interrog. Pron. III. 1. A.
• Relative. Pron. III. 2. A.
• — soever. Pron. III. 3. A.
• [Page] — a poor shift, [How sorry a shift]
• [Pustle] S. III. 1.
• — worm. Ex. II. 7. A.
• Buck — HF. I. 3.
• Indian — [Maiz] HL. II. 2.
• [adj. Fawning adv. Fraud]
• to — [Vertiginate]
• Go in crooked (Line]
• — Barrow. [One wheel'd Cart]
• to break on the — RJ. V. 9. A.
• [Serum] PP. I. 2.
• [Cover] (augm.]
• Lion (yong]
• &c. (yong]
• [At what time]
• [Whereas] Conj. IV. 1.
• [From what place]
• — soever, [From whatsoever place]
• — by, [By what]
• — in, [in what]
• — of, [of what]
• — to, [to what]
• — fore. Conj. III. 3.
• — soever, [In whatsoever place]
• any — [In any place]
• every — Sp. II. 8.
• no — Sp. II. 8. O.
• sp. with hand]
• — of the two, [Who of the two]
• Affirm. Conj. I. 1.
• — or no. Conj. I. 1. or Conj. I. 1. O.
• Disjunctive indefinite. Conj. II. 3. A.
• adj. p. tooth (make]
• adj. a. pricking (apt.]
• adj. p. edge (make]
• adj. a. Cutting (apt.]
• — Stone. St. I. 6.
• [Drink of acid whey]
• a good —adv. perma­nent]
• a great —adv. perma­nent]
• — age [adv. old]
• — since [adv. old]
• a little — [adv. transitory]
• — ago [adv. new]
• — since [adv. new]
• mean — [in the middle time]
• after a — [after some time]
• after a little — [adv. soon]
• within a little — [adv. soon]
• after a long — [adv. late]
• within a long — [adv. late]
• a. Cunctation]
• [a. Fancy (corr.]
• [adj. Conceitedness (thing]
• Figure. Mag. IV. 7.
• [adj. hand (part) of Rud­de]
• Punish. RJ. VI. 2.
• [a. Agility]
• — a top, [Vertiginate t. with adj. Mag. IV. 7. (instr,]
• — bone, [Bone covering the knee]
• — pool. W. IV. 1. D.
• — wind. El. II. 4. A.
• [Vertiginate (augm.]
• [Cast adv. Vertiginating]
• [Move (imp.]
• [Brush by striking]
• sp. adj. Tube (fig.]
• — ing. Q. III. 4. A.
• any — [adv. any]
• — bread, [Fine bread]
• — lead, [Ceruse]
• — liver'd, [adj. Coward]
• — meats, [adj. milk victu­als]
• — pot, [Fluid Pudding]
• [White (make]
• Fish. Fi. III. 2. A.
• [To what place]
• — soever, [To whatsoever place]
• [Bile on the finger]
• — 'd, [Drunk]
• [adj. Hissing (voice]
• Interrog. pron. III. 1. A.
• — So Pron. III. 3. A.
• — soever Pron. III. 3. A.
• Total. TM. VI.
• Entire] NP. V. 1.
• adj. Soundness] NP. V. 2.
• — Sale, [Selling adv. aggre­gate]
• So [...] ndness]
• [Page] — dom, [Fornication]
• — monger, [adj. fornicati­on (male]
• Sweet — Sh. II. 6. A.
• Vicious (augm.]
• sp. adj. Ozier]
• [Door (dim.]
• — open, [Wholly open]
• — from the matter, [Imper­tinent (augm.]
• — Wail. Sh. III. 6. A.
• [Married (fem.]
• [Mistress of family]
• Providence]
• [Riotousness]
• [Barbarousness]
• [Irregularness]
• [Impertinence (augm.]
• — fire, [Confection of wetted Gunpowder]
• — plant, [Naturally growing]
• Future tense]
• Faculty. NP. I. 4.
• with a good — [adv. Ala­crity]
• with an ill — [adv. Grudg­ing]
• — with a Wisp. El. I. 6.
• [adj. Disobedience (apt.]
• [Will (abstr.]
• [Spontaneity]
• Tree. Tr. VI. 9.
• Codded — HS. IV. 3.
• Spiked — Sh. V. 1. A.
• — a Victory, [a. Victory]
• sp. by wind]
• — flower, [Anemony] HF. IX. 3.
• — mill, [Mill adj. p. operati­on (make) by the wind]
• Side — [Oblique—]
• Whirl — El. II. 4. A.
• Air (augm.]
• — in the guts, [Colic]
• — pipe. PG. VI. 1. A.
• fetch — [a. Respiration]
• short —ed ]
• is in the—of [Discover (inc.]
• — a horn, [a. sound h.]
• [smell] sp. (inc.]
• v. Parabolical]
• v. Hyperbolical]
• — ing sheet, [adj Linen (vest) for adj. buried (person]
• [Vertiginate]
• Turn adv. Diversity]
• Wriggle adv. Diversity]
• — up and down.
• — into one.
• — one out of
• — up, [End]
• — a Bottom, [a. Bottom]
• — a Skein, [a. Skein]
• — of an army, [adj. side (part) of Army]
• [Seem not to observe]
• — Gillyflower.
• — Green. HL. VI. 8.
• Permanence through the win­ter]
• Dwelling] through the win­ter]
• — clean, [a. Clean by wipe­ing]
• Annihilate by—ing]
• Spoil by—ing]
• [adj. Wisdom]
• Advise one &c.
• Command one &c.
• — well to [a. Favour]
• [a. Velleity]
• [Inflammation of the eye­lid].
• [Understanding]
• — less, [Without— adj. wit]
• in ones [...] s, [adj. Understand­ing (perf.]
• out of ones—s [Mad]
• little — [Wit (def.]
• Pleasant — [Facetious­ness.]
• Searching — [Sagacious­ness]
• to — [Conj. IV. 3.
• — Craft. RJ. III. 1.
• — much pain, [adv. Pain­ful]
• a — [Twisted Wand]
• Abstain Giving]
• Cease Giving]
• sp. Concealing]
• sp. adv. Concealing]
• - ing Room. [Inner Room]
• Willow. Tr. IV. 6.
• Sallow. Tr. IV. 6. A.
• [On this side] Prep. VI 2.
• in. Prep. IV. 1. A.
• — a little, [Almost]
• — doubt, [adv. Certain]
• Not within. Prep. IV. 2. A.
• Beyond. Prep. VI. 2. A.
• [a. Impedient (end]
• [adj. Knowledge]
• [Wood speit] Bi. I. O.
• — sbane. HS. I. 3.
• wholesom — HS. I. 3. A.
• Winter — HS. I. 4.
• [Cancer] S. III. 4.
• age Man. VI. 2.
• estate Man. VI. 2.
• — s, Sex. NP. VI. 2. O.
• [Admiration]
• [a. Suitor]
• Part of Tree. PP. I. A.
• — man [adj. Po. I. 7. (Off.]
• — ward [adj. Po. I. 7. (Off.]
• [Trees (aggr.]
• Vpright — Sh. II. 8. A.
• Angry (exc.]
• [Heaped wood (aggr.]
• [Three-leav'd Sorrel]
• — en cloth. Pr. IV. 1.
• at a — [Briefly]
• in a — [Briefly]
• in—only, [adv. Hypocrisie]
• by—of mouth, [adv. present speaking]
• [Watchword]
• bring b. [Narration]
• send s. [Narration]
• v. efficient]
• a. Efficient more-operation]
• Do adj. must. un­done (things]
• sp. for Ornateness]
• [Embroider]
• [adj. p. work (thing]
• — ship, [Work]
• sp. (perf.]
• The Universe of Creatures. W.
• The Globe of earth and wa­ters. W. II. 7.
• The earth. W. III.
• a—of [adj. Multitude (aug.]
• [adj. world]
• [adj. Scraping]
• Graceless (person]
• Selfish (person]
• Covetous (person]
• bear — Ex. III. 8. A.
• belly — Ex. I. 1. A.
• churr — [Evechurr] Ex. II. 2. A.
• earth — Ex. I. 1.
• palmer — Ex. III. 8. A.
• Silk — Ex. III. 6. A.
• Skipping — Ex. III. 7.
• Wheal — Ex. II. 7. A.
• [Spiral Pin]
• Treacle — HS IV. 13.
• adj. a. pret. Wear]
• adj. p. Wear]
• — and — [adj. Worse]
• [a. Reverence]
• adoration. RE. IV.
• [Gentleman (kind]
• [Most evil]
• — part. TM. VI. 1. O.
• [Fine threeds of Wool]
• ale [not yet fermented]
• beer [not yet fermented]
• Worthiness]
• — god, [I wish]
• I — [Have it]
• [Mood conditional III]
• hurt. S. I. 2.
• adj. a. pret. Wind]
• adj. p. Wind]
• sp. of Ship]
• go to — [Wracked (inc.]
• Herb. HL. I. 14.
• sp. in words]
• — about, [About fold]
• Together-fold]
• Cover by folding]
• [a. Obscure]
• a — [Cylinder about-spi­rald]
• sp. by lifting]
• [Hurt by violently extend­ing]
• sp. by twisting]
• [From-take by wresting]
• [Penuriousness (augm.]
• [Sorriness]
• — neck, [Woodpecker (kind] adj. holding (freq.) his head adv. oblique]
• as Reptils. Mo. I. 6.
• to denote affection. AC. IV. 4.
• sp. adv. Twisting]
• sp. by wringing]
• — pain, [p. as if by wring­ing]
• [Commission for arresting]
• [ holy — [Scripture]
• Deed. RC. VI. 5.
• Evil (kind]
• a. Injustice]
• in the — [adj. erring]
• adj. a. pret. work]
• adj. p. work]
• adj. a. pret. wring]
• adj. p. wring]
• [Court] Po. III. 3.
• PG. VI. 8. (male]
• [Millefoil]
• affirmat. Adv. I. 1.
• [Rather] Adv. III. 1.
• Demised for]
• — Fruit, [a. Fruit]
• a. Subjection]
• Grant] D. VI. 3. O.
• Assent] AS. II. 3.
• Confess] D. VI. 9.
• as Prisoner. RM. II. 6. D.
• — up the Ghost, [Dy]
• as in moist weather, [v. moistness]
• as to the touch, [v. Yielding­ness]
• [Yield (apt.]
• [Softness] Q. VI. 1.
• in—s [Old] adj. Mea. VI. 4.
• — hammer. Bi. IV. 2.
• — of the Larder, &c. [Officer of the L. &c. ]
• Cast (imp.]
• Strike (imp.]
• Nevertheless Conj. II. 2. O.
• Before this time]
• — tree: Tr. V. 3.
• [Neck-binding (jug.]
• [Together-two]
• — of ship. RN. V. 8. A.
• — of age, [adj. youth]
• — ones, [Children]
• Infancy. Mea. VI. 1.
• Childhood. Mea. VI. 1. A.
• Adolescence. Mea. VI. 2.
• Youth. Mea. VI. 2. A.
• a — [adj. Youth (person]
• — full, [adj. Youth (like]
• Herb, [Root of an Indian Iris]
• Tree. Tr. VI. 11.
• frigid — [Space of earth be­tween pole and polar Cir­cle]
• temperate —[ Space of earth between Polar Circle and Tropic]
• torrid — [Space of earth be­tween the two Tropics]