essay india at 75

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA | MINISTRY OF PANCHAYATI RAJ

Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav is an initiative of the Government of India to celebrate and commemorate 75 years of progressive India and the glorious history of it’s people, culture and achievements.

This Mahotsav is dedicated to the people of India who have not only been instrumental in bringing India thus far in it’s evolutionary journey but also hold within them the power and potential to enable Prime Minister Modi’s vision of activating India 2.0, fuelled by the spirit of Atmanirbhar Bharat.

Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav is an embodiment of all that is progressive about India’s socio-cultural, political and economic identity. The official journey of “Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav” commences on 12th March, 2021 which starts a 75 week countdown to our 75th anniversary of Independence.

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INDIA@75 Documents

• MoPR's D.O. letter dated 6/1/2022
• India@75 Dashboard – Standard Operating Procedure
• MoPR D.O. letter dated 17/9/2021 on मेरा गाँव मेरी धरोहर [Mera Gaon Meri Dharohar]
• MoPR D.O. Letter dated 14/9/2021 on India@75 Dashboard (to all States and UTs)
• MoPR D.O. letter dated 13/9/2021 on मेरा गाँव मेरी धरोहर [Mera Gaon Meri Dharohar]
• Summary of Proceedings of National Webinar on Localization of Sustainable Development Goals and Role of Panchayats – SDG No. 2 – Zero Hunger held on 23/8/2021​​​​​​​​​​​​​​
• MoPR D.O. letter dated 6/8/2021 [Nomination of Nodal Officers]
• Joint D.O. letter dated 6/8/2021
• MoPR D.O. letter dated 3/8/2021
• MoPR D.O. letter dated 30/7/2021 [आयोजन समिति / Organizing Committee]
• MoPR D.O. letter dated 29/7/2021 [राष्ट्र-गान / Rashtra-Gaan]​​​​​​​​​​​​​​
• MoPR D.O. letter dated 28/7/2021 [India@75 Dashboard]​​​​​​​ ​​​​​​​
• Summary Record of Proceedings of Orientation Training Programme on Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav held on 6 July 2021
• Events Count
• Theme for the Week

• Report Three
• Report Four

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India at 75

Cover: “delhi february” by amitava kumar, introduction.

On August 15, India will mark 75 years of its independence. What should be a moment of celebration and joy has become a moment of deep despair and reflection. At independence, India offered a beacon of hope—a multi-everything, secular society choosing democratic governance and a Gandhian vision of inclusion and tolerance. Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru spoke of India’s ‘tryst with destiny,’ and the hope was that the country would live up to the dream of its Nobel Laureate for literature, Rabindranath Tagore: “Where the mind is without fear,‘…. ’into that heaven of freedom, let my country awake.”

But India retained many colonial-era laws that restricted freedoms and, over the years, added more such laws, undermining its democracy. An internal Emergency in 1975 curtailed civil liberties and jailed dissidents. Since its founding, India has witnessed insurgencies and brutality by armed forces and the police against its citizens, as well as periods of horrific violence along caste and communal divides.

But the election in 2014 has transformed India into a country where hate speech is expressed and disseminated loudly; where Muslims are discriminated against and lynched, their homes and mosques bulldozed, their livelihoods destroyed; where Christians are beaten and churches attacked; where political prisoners are held in jail without trial. Dissenting journalists and authors are denied permission to leave the country. The institutions that can defend India’s freedoms—its courts, parliament and civil service, and much of the media—have been co-opted or weakened. In PEN America’s most recent Freedom to Write Index , India is the only nominally democratic country included in our count of the top 10 jailers of writers and public intellectuals worldwide. In recent years, India has seen an acceleration of threats against free speech, academic freedom and digital rights, and an uptick in online trolling and harassment.

To mark India at 75, PEN America reached out to authors from India and the Indian diaspora to write short texts expressing what they felt. Together they make a historic document. Authors who were born in British India responded, as did India’s Midnight’s Children and grandchildren. Authors from around the globe sent us their thoughts, as did authors from India’s many languages, communities, faiths and castes. Some voices are optimistic, some prayerful, some anguished and enraged. Some suggest defeat, others venture hope, still others are defiant. The authors hold a spectrum of political views, and may be in disagreement about much else, but they are united in their concern for the state of Indian democracy. We invite you to read their ideas of what India was and ought to be, and what it has become.

Aakar Patel  • Aanchal Malhotra  •  Aatish Taseer  •  Abraham Verghese  •  Akhil Katyal  •  Akshaya Mukul  •  Altaf Tyrewala  •  Amandeep Sandhu  •  Amit Chaudhuri  •  Amitava Kumar  •  Angela Saini  •  Anirudh Kanisetti  •  Anita Desai  •  Anuradha Bhagwati  •  Arjun Sethi  •  Arshia Sattar  •  Arvind Krishna Mehrotra  •  Ashish Kothari  •  Ashok Vajpeyi  •  Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni  •  Damodar Mauzo  •  Daribha Lyndem  •  David Davidar  •  Deepa Mehta  •  Dev Benegal  •  Devyani Saltzman  •  Gaiutra Bahadur  •  Ganesh Devy  •  Geetanjali Shree  •  Ghazala Wahab  •  Gyan Prakash

Read Contributors A - G »

Hamraaz  •  Hari Kunzru  •  Hemant Divate  •  Imraan Coovadia  •  Jacinta Kerketta  •  Jaideep Hardikar  •  Jeet Thayil  •  Jerry Pinto  •  Jhumpa Lahiri  •  Kai Friese  •  Karan Mahajan  •  Karthika Naïr  •  Kazim Ali  •  Keshava Guha  •  Kiran Desai  •  Kumar Ketkar •  Madhusree Mukerjee  •  Manil Suri  •  Manisha Joshi  •  Manjula Padmanabhan  •  Manu Bhagavan  •  Maya Jasanoff  •  K R Meera  •  Meira Chand  •  Minal Hajratwala  •  Mira Jacob  •  Mira Kamdar

Read Contributors H - M »

Nabaneeta Dev Sen  •  Namita Devidayal  •  Nandita Das  •  Natwar Gandhi  •  Navina Haidar  •  Nayantara Sahgal  •  Nilanjana S. Roy  •  Nilita Vachani  •  Panna Naik  •  Perumal Murugan  •  Pratap Bhanu Mehta  •  Pratishtha Pandya  •  Preti Taneja  •  Priyamvada Gopal  •  Priyanka Dubey  •  Raghu Karnad  •  Rajesh Parameswara  •  Rajmohan Gandhi  •  M V Ramana  •  Ritu Menon  •  Romila Thapar  •  Ruchir Joshi  •  Ruchira Gupta

Read Contributors N - R »

Sabitha Satchi  •  Saikat Majumdar  •  P Sainath  •  Salil Tripathi  •  Salman Rushdie  •  Samanth Subramanian  •  Sandeep Jauhar  •  Sangamesh Menasinakai  •  Saumya Roy  •  Shauna Singh Baldwin  •  Shobhaa De  •  Shruti Ganguly  •  Siddharth Dube  •  Siddhartha Deb  •  Sita Venkateswar  •  SKB  •  Sonora Jha  •  Suchitra Vijayan  •  Sujatha Gidla  •  Suketu Mehta  •  Sumana Roy  •  Sunil Amrith  •  Tabish Khair  •  Tanuja Desai Hidier  •  Thrity Umrigar  •   Tishani Doshi  •  Vandana Singh  •  Vijay Seshadri  •  Vishakha Desai  •  Vivek Menezes  •  Yashica Dutt  •  Zia Jaffrey  

Read Contributors S - Z »

Suketu Mehta

What is at Stake

I am writing this as an act of love. I was born in India, and I love India with all my being. But this country that I love is facing the gravest threat to its democracy since its founding.

Indian democracy is one of the 20th century’s greatest achievements. Over 75 years, we built, against great odds, a nation that for the first time in its 5000-year history empowered women and the Dalits, people formerly known as untouchables. We largely abolished famine. We kept the army out of politics. After independence, many people predicted that we would become Balkanized. Yugoslavia became Balkanized, but India stayed together. No small feat.

But I write this today to tell you: things in India are more dire than you realize. India is a country that is majority Hindu, but it is not officially a Hindu state. The people who are in power in India today want to change this. They want India to be a Hindu ethnocratic state, where all other religions live by Hindu sufferance. This has practical consequences: people of other religions are actively harassed, even lynched on the streets; their freedom to practice their religion in their own way is circumscribed. And when they protest, they are jailed and their houses bulldozed. Most worrying, much of the judiciary seems to be sympathetic to the Hindu nationalist agenda, and issues its verdicts accordingly.

There is also sustained and systematic harassment of writers, journalists, artists, activists, religious figures—anyone who questions the official narrative. We who have attached our names here are taking great personal risk in writing this: our citizenship of India could be revoked, we could be banned from the country, our property in India seized, our relatives harassed. There are many others who think like we do but have told us they can’t speak out, for fear of the consequences. I never thought I’d use the word ‘dissident’ in describing myself and my friends who’ve compiled this document; I thought that word only applied to the Soviet Union, North Korea, China.

It is crucial that India remains a democracy for all its citizens. India is not Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan. Not yet. A lot of India’s standing in the world—the reason we’re included in the respectable nations, the reason our people and our tech companies are welcome all over the world—is that we’re seen, unlike, say, China, as being a multiethnic democracy that protects its minorities.

With over 200 million Indian Muslims, India is the third largest Muslim country in the world. There are 30 million Indian Christians. There are Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Zoroastrians, Atheists. They are as Indian as I am—a Hindu who’s proud of being a Hindu, but not a Hindu as Narendra Modi and the BJP seek to define me.

When countries safeguard the rights of their minorities, they also safeguard, as a happy side effect, the rights and wellbeing of their majorities. If a judiciary forbids discrimination against, say, Muslims, it is also much more likely to forbid discrimination against, say, LGBT people. The obverse is also true: when they don’t safeguard the rights of their minorities, every other citizen’s rights are in peril.

The alienation of Indian Muslims would be catastrophic, for India and the world. They are being told: you are invaders, this is not your country, go back to where you came from. But Indian Muslims did not come from elsewhere; they were in the country all along, and chose which God to worship. After the Partition of India and Pakistan in 1947, they voted with their feet; they chose to stay, and build a nation.

The challenges facing India in the next 75 years are colossal, perhaps even greater than the first 75 years. This year, northern India saw the hottest temperatures in history, reaching 49 degrees Celsius (120F). Next year looks to be even hotter. By the middle of the century, New Delhi could become uninhabitable.

The country also has an enormous, restive, and largely unemployed youth population—half of its population is under 25. But only 36% of the working-age population has a job. To meet these challenges, it is crucial that the country stay united, and not fracture along religious lines, spend its energies building a brighter future instead of darkly contemplating past invasions.

In this time when country after country is turning its back on democracy, India has to be an example to countries around the world, this beautiful dream of nationhood expressed in the Hindu scriptures as ‘Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam’—the whole earth is a family. We should all be rooting for this incredible experiment in multiplicity to work. As goes India, so goes democracy.

Suketu Mehta is the author of Maximum City: Bombay Lost and Found , a Pulitzer Prize Finalist, and This Land is Our Land: An Immigrant’s Manifesto . He teaches journalism at New York University.

Read the Anthology: Introduction to  India at 75 (top) | Contributors A – G | Contributors H – M | Contributors N – R | Contributors S – Z

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Acknowledgements

Letter to president droupadi murmu.

In a separate initiative, over 100 writers, journalists, creative artists, and supporters of PEN America, PEN International, and the global PEN network signed a joint letter urging President Murmu to support democratic ideals and free expression in the spirit of India’s 75th year of independence.

Learn more about free expression in India in PEN America’s 2021 Freedom to Write Index and in PEN Canada and PEN International’s report Fearful Silence .

• IAS Preparation
• NCERT Notes for UPSC
• Niti Aayogs New India At 75 UPSC Notes

NITI Aayog ' s “Strategy for New India @75” [UPSC Notes for GS III]

This article will describe in detail regarding NITI Aayog’s “Strategy for New India @75”.

These UPSC Notes on NITI Aayog’s “Strategy for New India @75” are aligned with the UPSC Syllabus and aspirants should prepare this topic for General Studies Paper III.

NITI Aayog’s “Strategy for New India @75”, and related features and projects are often seen in the news, and hence the topic’s relevance for the UPSC Mains.

IAS Exam aspirants can find more notes for UPSC Mains General Studies topics from the links given at the end of the article.

NITI Aayog’s “Strategy for New India @75”

  Context: NITI Aayog recently released the document “Strategy for New India@75” to define clear objectives for 2022-23 in a diverse range of 41 different areas. This aspirational strategy aims to achieve a ‘New India’ by 2022 when the country celebrates its 75th year of Independence.

Strategy for New India@75”

• The document has identified 41 different areas that require either a sharper focus on implementing the flagship schemes already in place or a new design and initiative to achieve India’s true potential.
• Each chapter summarizes the current status of the sector, takes full cognizance of the progress made thus far, and spells out the
• It then identifies the binding constraints and proposes measures to address these constraints.
• The approach is believed to provide an inventory of readily implementable measures for the government departments and agencies both in the central and state
• The focus is to improve the policy environment so that the contribution of private investors and other stakeholders can be maximized to achieve the goals set out for New India

Other details

• In the chapter focusing on ecological and related livelihood concerns, there are positive directions vis-à-vis the environment, such as a major focus on renewable energy, organic farming (with the zero budget natural farming model developed by Maharashtrian farmer Subhash Palekar being singled out for national application), increasing forest cover, and reducing pollution and
• It has a chapter titled ‘Sustainable environment’ states: “The objective is to maintain a clean, green and healthy environment with peoples’ participation to support higher and inclusive economic growth through sustainable utilization of available natural ”
• Its focus is primarily on air pollution, solid waste management, water pollution, and
• The strategy has many progressive It follows the UN Sustainable Development Goals of Inclusion, sustainability, participation, gender equality, etc.
• There are serious doubts if the strategy envisaged in the document relating to ecological and livelihood concerns will be any different from the crisis-ridden society we live in
• The government have been promising for more than three decades that with environmental safeguards, growth can be made
• There seems no indication that this is anywhere near achievable. The Confederation of Indian Industry has already indicated in 2008 that India was already using twice what its natural resources could sustain and that more than half its biocapacity had already been eroded. Things are likely to become worse
• No political party in power has done anything to suddenly make growth
• India faces a large number of environmental concerns but air pollution, solid waste management, water pollution, and forestry are only given much
• Some other issues such as arresting land degradation and soil erosion and water conservation are also mentioned
• But issues that need urgent attention such as the increasing presence of toxic chemicals around us, the need to conserve a range of non-forest ecosystems do not find
• There is a forest department but no dedicated entity for grassland, marine and coastal, wetland, mountain, and desert
• There is an absence of an integrated, comprehensive view on how ecological issues can be integrated into all sectors indicating that these issues are still not a priority for the planners.
• There is a total absence of an understanding that the current form and goal of economic growth is inherently

Alarming features:

Examples of the internal contradictions in the document. Mining:

• Mining is one of the biggest ecological and social disasters in India, especially the large-scale open-cast
• NITI Aayog has ignored this when it proposed a doubling of the extent of
• To “limit environmental damage” the only concession it makes is the suggestion to bring in “cutting-edge” technology, which will most likely not solve the fundamental need to deforest areas.
• It is one such sector which will have a large scale impact on the environment, as witnessed by the hill stations and the ruin that areas like Ladakh, Kutch, and the island regions are
• Despite this, NITI Aayog recommended doubling the number of domestic tourist visits to over 3,200 million from 1,614 million in

River Valley Projects:

• It also urges completion of mega river valley projects that have ecological nightmares, including Pancheshwar in the fragile Himalaya, the Ken-Betwa link in Madhya Pradesh, and dozens in the Northeast which will choke up rivers and are being opposed by the locals

Agriculture:

• For all the mention of organic farming, there is no clear direction to phase out chemical fertilizers and
• The document says “Phase out old varieties of seeds and replace them with hybrid and improved seeds”. This is the kind of Green Revolution approach that has caused huge loss of agricultural biodiversity and resilience amongst small
• No focus is given to dryland farming though most farmers are engaged in
• It says organic farming models should be replicated but it is silent on the amazing work of dryland farmers (such as the Dalit women of the Deccan Development Society in Telangana) showing productive, sustainable, biodiverse agriculture with millets and women as the fulcrum.

Infrastructure Projects:

• The most alarming feature of the document is its stress on rapid, single-window clearance of infrastructure and other
• It suggests 180 days limit for assessment of a project which is too less as any decent ecological assessment of a project needs a year of study (overall seasons).
• This means compromising on crucial processes of social assessment, public hearings, and participatory decision-making, as already seen in the last few
• Nothing is there on the need to seek consent from local communities, which is mandated under the Forest Rights Act, 2006, and the Panchayat (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996.
• The track record of government in safeguarding the environment and the livelihoods of Adivasis and other communities as they have found ways to bypass constitutional and policy safeguards these vulnerable sections are supposed to

Conclusion :

• The strategy is replete with environmental and livelihood related
• The focus is more on economic
• While there is a great focus on forest conservation, there is an urgent need to conserve non-forest ecosystems such as grasslands, wetlands, mountains, and
• Without a strong, unambiguous commitment to upholding these protections, and putting communities at the center of decision-making, India @ 75 is going to be an even more unequal, unjust, and conflict-ridden society than India @
• We need to learn from the many alternative initiatives for food, water, energy, housing, education, and health existing across India, which show the way to more just and sustainable livelihoods and ways of living.

NITI Aayog’s “Strategy for New India @75” (UPSC Notes – GS 3):  – Download PDF Here

Aspirants can check BYJU’S UPSC Notes page for free GS1, GS2, and GS 3 notes.

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…..India's Story Of Seven And A Half Decade

Bharat , that is India, now moves another milestone to celebrate its 75th year of independence . It is also a milestone to reflect back on as to what all we achieved in these 75 years, and what more we need to achieve. Finally, we need to articulate our vision, firm up a goal and get people, policies, and institutions aligned to the future vision. India has moved fast forward on all fronts. Bharat Katha, India's Story of Seven and a Half Decade is an initiative of GS SCORE to celebrate India's 75 years of freedom and analyse these 75 years of its glorious history through the lens of all relevant spheres. This series is a detailed source of information about the country’s political, social, economic, and cultural traditions since Independence. Through different articles, it reflects how social issues, economy, language, gender, nationalism, democracy, and constitutional development played a significant role in a historical context to shape present India. This initiative becomes more relevant for UPSC Civil Services Examinations as it contains special in-depth articles based on different themes of IAS Exam Syllabus: Indian History, Culture, Geography, Economy, Indian Polity, Governance, International Relations, Science technology, Environment, Disaster Management, and Internal Security. Together, we are on this journey, which starts a 12 months countdown to India’s 75th Independence Day.

Bharat Katha, India's Story of Seven and a Half Decade  is an initiative of GS Score to celebrate India's 75 years of freedom and analyse these 75 years of its glorious history through the lens of all relevant spheres.

This initiative becomes more relevant for UPSC aspirants as it contains special in-depth articles based on different themes of UPSC (i.e., UPSC Subjects).

Together, we are on this journey, which starts a 12 months countdown to India’s 75th Independence Day.

Bharat Katha Documents

History is about facts, narratives, story-telling, inferring causality and drawing correlations, but never devoid of the “perspective” from which events have been put into words intended to connect our past with our present.

The rule of the British in India is possibly the most controversial and the most hotly debated aspect of the history of the British empire.

India, often known as "THE GOLDEN BIRD" or "QUEEN’S NECKLACE," was one of the most important colonies of British Empire. As India was politically, socially, and economically distinct from the rest of the British empire's colonies, British policies in India differed from those in other colonies.

We Indians have a strong sense of pride in the distinctiveness and diversity of their culture. Be it the country’s agricultural expansions and technological advancements in infrastructure, science and engineering are sources of pride. But a considerable amount of pride stems from India's rich artistic cultural exports of music, fine arts, literature and spirituality.

“A country’s ability to influence the preferences and behaviours of various actors in the international arena (states, corporations, communities, publics etc.) through attraction or persuasion rather than coercion.” -- Joseph Nye

There are many economic, social and physical reasons why people emigrate and they can usually be classified into push and pull factors. However, the migration in recent times has been observed due to geographical reasons largely due to Natural Disasters like floods, Cyclones, Landslides, Earthquakes and drought . These reasons are increasing with time and are expected to be one of the major reasons in the near future for both internal and external migration across the world. 

Battles were fought, territories were drawn and it kept reshaping itself. India’s history is speckled with the ruins of empires. Kingdoms have periodically risen here, expanded and fallen, reshaping with them the region’s culture and identity.

This year we will be celebrating the 75 th year of Independence from British Rule which also brings the legacies of partition with it. The freedom was followed by a period of terror in which over 14 million people were forcibly made to relocate and about 2 million lost their lives. The event makes us face up many questions, like why this catastrophic moment came to existence, who was responsible for it, alternatives available to avert it, and many others.

India offers astounding variety in virtually every aspect of social life. Diversities of ethnic, linguistic, regional, economic, religious, class, and caste groups crosscut Indian society, which is also permeated with immense urban-rural differences and gender distinctions. Differences between north India and south India are particularly significant, especially in systems of kinship and marriage. Indian society is multifaceted to an extent perhaps unknown in any other of the world’s great civilizations—it is more like an area as varied as Europe than any other single nation-state

India materialised itself as an independent nation-state on 15th August 1947, after a long freedom struggle against the British colonial rule and gave itself a constitution which made India a Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, the Democratic Republic with a parliamentary system of government. Since then, the Indian growth story has earned monumental growth in all spheres, yet there are numerous challenges that India faces today in its everyday social life, which are intertwined in a way.

The worth of a civilization can be judged by the place given to women in society. One of several factors that justify the greatness of India's ancient culture is the honourable place granted to women.

India with 1.417 billion people is expected to claim the title of the most populated country next year, but with an average age of 29, it has one of the youngest populations As this pool of resources of young citizens enters the workforce, it could create a ‘demographic dividend .

The development or modernization that is being experienced in our country is not confined to the economy alone

“Always aim at complete harmony of thought and word and deed. Always aim at purifying your thoughts and everything will be well.” Mahatma Gandhi

The caste system is an important aspect of Indian social institutions. The word caste has created confusion in the sense that it is used to denote both Varna and Jati. Technically, both are different to each other. Several changes have occurred in the caste system due to the processes of Sanskritisation, westernization, modernization, democratic decentralization, industrialization and urbanization, etc.

However, in the changing situation caste has adapted too many new features like having formal organizations, becoming less rigid and having a link with politics.

Indian Society, which is largely male-dominated, for the position of women in society. Not only men, but even most women also internalize their position in society as a fair description of their status through the ages. These generalizations apply to some degree to practically every known society in the world.

“India is the cradle of human race, the birthplace of human speech, the mother of history, the grandmother of tradition."

Political independence does not have much meaning without economic independence. One of the important indicators of economic independence is self-sufficiency in food grain The overall food grain scenario in India has undergone a drastic transformation in the last 75 years.

A society or nation where justice prevails always requires laws, rules and regulations for the proper functioning of various aspects of the society. Laws and rules are necessary for every society to maintain peace and harmony in society and to ensure the well-being of every individual.

The democratic setup in India comprises of three branches : the legislature , the executive branch , and the judiciary branch . Each branch of the democratic system performs different sets of functions from time to time, all while keeping the public and social interests in mind. The executive branch is headed by the President, who is the Head of State and exercises his or her power directly or through officers subordinate to him. The

Choosing the ‘Greatest Indian After Gandhi’ is difficult when the present exerts such a strong pull over our view of the past and there is a wide variation between how the ‘greatness’ of an individual is assessed by the common person and by the experts. Nations need heroes, but the construction of a national pantheon is rarely straightforward or uncontested.

To differentiate between “great” and “landmark”, it is necessary, to begin with, some very fine distinctions. A great judgment is one that restores the constitutional values of a polity from the waywardness into which it may have fallen, while a landmark judgment is one which opens up new directions in our constitutional thinking and, in the process, adds new dimensions to what is regarded as established constitutional principles. If “great” restore the centrality of constitutional values, “landmark” revitalises them.

Bharat, that is India, now moves another milestone to celebrate its 75th year of independence. It is also a milestone to reflect back on as to what all we achieved in these 75 years, and what more we need to achieve. Finally, we need to articulate our vision, firm up a goal and get people, policies and institutions aligned to the future vision. India has moved fast forward on all fronts, but due to lack of holistic approach, the success of one side is decimated by the ignorance of the other side.

In our day-to-day life we require basic facilities such as water supply, drainage, garbage disposal, public health and sanitation. We must have watched such activities as installation or repairing of street lights, construction or repairing of roads or say renovation of a village tank is done by a specific group of people. It is the local government who do all these works for the people.

Even though India has completed 75 years of independence, casteism is still a divisive issue in India.

Indian Constitution is a progressive document based on a liberal ethos of equality and freedom. Secularism, as imbibed in the document gives freedom of religious practices and beliefs and even propagation to people of all faith.

State participation in social welfare has a long and continuous history extending over hundreds of years.

Civic engagement between different ethnic communities serves to contain ethnic conflict. Civic organizations play a crucial role in times of ethnic tensions. They can be considered as an instrument for negotiation and facilitation of conflicts, influencing the local authorities or government policies, technical support, monitoring the situation, analysis, research etc. We shall be looking into the integral link between the structure of civic life in a multiethnic society. To illustrate these links, there are two interconnected arguments

As a rising power, India’s role in global governance is under considerable scrutiny. We will be tracing the evolution of India’s engagement with global governance. During the course, we shall be evaluating the complexities undergirding India’s approach to the structural, institutional, and normative challenges facing the current global order as well as India’s approach to challenges, constraints and opportunities in shaping its regional order. Let’s delve into India’s past, current and potential future contributions to global governance and order.

Civil service refers to the body of government officials who are employed in civil occupations that are neither political nor judicial . The concept of civil service was prevalent in India from ancient times.

It is now more than 70 years down the line after a historic non-violent movement won Independence for the country freeing it from the clutches of colonial rule.

• Diasporas are the symbol of a nation’s pride and represent their country internationally.
• They help in building the country’s value internationally through their huge success stories. The diaspora’s ability to spread Indian soft power, lobby for India’s national interests, and contribute economically to India’s rise is now well-recognized.

Seventy-five years after India won Independence on 15 August 1947, the country’s internal boundaries continue to change, with the creation of two newly formed Union territories (UTs) by bifurcating the state of Jammu and Kashmir.

On a visit to India in 2009, the US Secretary of State’s verdict was unequivocal: ‘I consider India not just a regional power, but a global power. ’ Since the turn of the century, India’s economy has surpassed those predictions, expanding fourfold in the course of a decade.

The foreign policy of any country, unlike domestic policy, is usually considered to be stable. Foreign policy is both static and dynamic.

India is experiencing globally transformational events. It would be right to say that the gears and levels in geopolitics are changing at a rate faster than ever .

The Government of India has been making continuous efforts to set up systems of good governance through various schemes and laws. Earlier these systems were based on records, files and transactions which were generally physical. However in the recent years the concept of ‘citizen centric e-services’ has come to the fore.

Democracy is not solely about conducting fair elections alone. It is also not just about local governmental governance. Democracy thrives when citizens can establish two-way communication with the government, that is to have always an open channel of feedback in response to government actions.

It is not a hidden truth that plagues and pandemics change the course of humanity.

Science and Technology hold the key to the progress and development of any nation.

From independence, India has tackled homegrown insurgencies, externally fuelled rebellions, militancy, and terrorism. At a time when we, as a nation, are concerned about external threats from countries, it is crucial to give equal importance to our internal security.

The world order is appearing to be transiting from the Age of Information to the Age of Artificial Intelligence (AI). The mandate of the Age of Information was that one had to be well informed for achieving success in any field since knowledge-based decision-making was the key to that success.

• India is a diverse country in terms of climate, terrain and relief and thus is prone to different types of disasters which include manmade disasters as well as natural disasters.
• Rapid industrial development and urbanization coupled with effects of climate change has aggravated the disasters in India. India has witnessed a large number of disasters since Independence.

India’s vast and variable geographical extent, diverse relief features coupled with climatic variations has made it vulnerable to different types of disasters.

Over the last 75 years, Indian agriculture has made rapid strides. From a meagre 55 million tonnes, production of foodgrains has increased to a record 308.65 million tonnes last season (July 2020-June 2021). Production of pulses, coarse cereals, natural fibres, sugarcane, vegetables and fruits have all increased manifold since Independence.

As India is going to be commemorating the 75 th year of independence this year, it's relevant to look into the path the Indian economy has taken and how this journey has helped India to reach its present state. The evolution of the Indian economy has seen its share of ups and downs, economic crisis to double-digit growth and now eyeing towards becoming a $ 5 trillion economy. The purpose of this discussion is to analyse how much has India really achieved in the last 74 years in fulfilling the aspirations on which it was founded.

The word ‘tax’ has been derived from the Latin word taxare or taxo , meaning ‘to assess the worth of something’. Taxation in any economy is an essential part of financial management as any government of the world requires huge revenue to manage and run its administration, spend money on essential public services such as health and education and infrastructure such as roadways

After 75 years of independence, India still needs freedom from air pollution, water pollution, and plastic pollution, or simply speaking, we need freedom from environmental pollution.

Environmental governance is a concept in political ecology and environmental policy that advocates sustainability (sustainable development) as the supreme consideration for managing all human activities— political, social and economic. In other words, it refers to the processes of decision-making involved in the control and management of the environment and natural resources.

The idea of environmental protection is an age-old idea imbibed in the Indian cultural ethos since time immemorial.

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भारत सरकार GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

संस्कृति मंत्रालय MINISTRY OF CULTURE

• Azadi Scientists
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Achievements@75

Showcasing evolution and progress across different sectors.

This theme focuses on marking the passage of time and all our milestones along the way. It is intended to grow into a public account of our collective achievements as a 75-year-old independent country with a legacy of 5000+ years of ancient history.

Events and programmes under this theme include initiatives such as Swarnim Vijay Varsh dedicated to the victory of 1971, launch of Shreshtha Yojana during Mahaparinirvan Diwas etc.

Achievements@75 Events

Har Ghar Tiranga - mega students rally a...

Amrit Kalash Yatra program held at Natio...

MC Doda celebrated Amrit Kalash Yatra in Town Hall Doda

Amrit Kalash Yatra commemorated Martyrs ...

Municipal committee conducted Amrit Kalash Yatra

DC Doda flagged off 10-day residential t...

Achievements@75 Articles

Biplobi Bharat Gallery at Victoria Memorial Hall, Kolkata

24 Mar, 2022

India’s strive for independence was spread over a span of two centuries i.e., from the 18th Century till we gained independence in 1947. This struggle was fueled by the anger and determination of...

Celebrating the Indian National Calendar

22 Mar, 2022

A calendar is a systematic and referential arrangement of days, months, and years. There are different types of calendars available worldwide, and the Indian version proves to be a prominent ...

First in their field: women who led the way

06 Mar, 2022

Women empowerment is necessary for every progressing nation. On Women’s Day 2022, we remember the women who were the first in their fields, who began a revolution by breaking barriers and fightin...

Inspirational Indian women are shaping the future

Women across the globe have made their mark in every field that they have entered. From politicians to entrepreneurs, women have been trailblazers for society. Indian women, similarly, have plant...

The International Mother Language Day: Exclusive Collection at the National Museum...

22 Feb, 2022

The theme of the 2022 International Mother Language Day is Using Technology for Multilingual Learning: Challenges and Opportunities. On this occasion, Audrey Azoulay (Director-General, UNESCO)...

Magnificent museums of India

15 Feb, 2022

India's museum movement officially began with the commemoration of the ‘The Indian Museum’ in 1814. It was the first-ever encyclopedic museum of India, gradually followed by several other signifi...

Total Records : 25

Seminar organized on Netaji Subhash Chandra Jayanti

Bangladesh, Ministry of External Affairs

Unsung hero Trilochan Pokhrel display at Chennai Airport

Ministry of Civil Aviation

Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav- profile of Makhan Singh

Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (Ministry of I&B)

73rd Republic Day celebrations held at Durgapur Airport

Unsung hero Sangolli Rayanna display at Chennai airport

Shri Manoj Sinha, Hon’ble Lt. Governor, JK paid homage to Martyrs at Jammu on 73rd Republic Day

Jammu & Kashmir

Digital District Repository

An initiative to document local history of each district of India and how it is connected to the overall history of the freedom struggle in India.

Unsung Heroes

A compilation of people who have played a role in securing our freedom through many sacrifices.

A special podcast dedicated to the freedom movements in India can be heard here.

Swatantra Swar

A selection from poetry banned during the British Raj.

Melodies of freedom

As an initiative to celebrate our rich and diverse nation, this section aims at highlighting the unique identity of each State through melody.

Freedom Corner

This section contains a collection of rare archival material such as books, photographs, gazetteers, letters, newspaper clippings and much more..

Social Feeds

Packing a punch with her victory! 🥊🥉 When women’s boxing was first introduced in the London Olympics 2012, @MangteC was already a 5-time world champion & a 4-time Asian champion. #AmritMahotsav #WritingHerStory #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 @Olympics pic.twitter.com/JMdu4YXE1B — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) July 5, 2022

Congratulations 🇮🇳! Rinku Hooda wins gold medal at World Para Athletics Grand Prix held in Tunisia with his personal best throw of 66.26mtrs. This throw also sets a new national record and currently ranked no. 2 in the world. #AmritMahotsav #AchievementsAt75 #WeDidIt pic.twitter.com/C6R1f83fRN — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) July 4, 2022

That's how you go for the gold! #KamaljitSandhu not only finished the 400 m race at the Bangkok Asian Games (1970) in 57.3 seconds but also went on to become.. #AmritMahotsav #WritingHerStory #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 pic.twitter.com/pZpqQBhP3f — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) July 3, 2022

Here's something to start your weekend on a positive note from #TheWeekThatWas ! #AmritMahotsav #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 pic.twitter.com/1dG1aYGbTD — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) July 2, 2022

असम के श्री उद्धव कुमार भराली ने किसानों, मज़दूरों, दिव्यांगों की सहायता के लिये लगभग 142 इनोवेशन किये हैं। #AmritMahotsav #ChangeMakers #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 @moefcc pic.twitter.com/medIdFsvGT — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) June 30, 2022

Athlete Nidhi Mishra F11 won bronze medal in Discuss Throw at the Tunis 2022 World Para Athletics Grand Prix. #AmritMahotsav #AchievementsAt75 #Indiansports pic.twitter.com/Pv6LpJ3FVb — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) June 30, 2022

For displaying courage under fire & saving the lives of passengers aboard Pan Am flight from Bombay to New York at the cost of her own... #AmritMahotsav #WritingHerStory #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 pic.twitter.com/PBkT61d50k — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) June 29, 2022

It was on this day in 2007 that @sachin_rt became the first batsman in the history of cricket to register 15,000 ODI runs. #AmritMahotsav #ThisDayThatYear #MainBharatHoon #indiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 @BCCI @YASMinistry pic.twitter.com/BirXfDyAe3 — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) June 29, 2022

पूर्वोत्तर क्षेत्र में महिलाओं के लिये पहले बैंक की स्थापना करने वाली श्रीमती लखिमी बरुआ आज बैंक के माध्यम से समाज के आर्थिक रूप से कमजोर वर्ग को प्रशिक्षण तथा ऋण देकर उन्हें सशक्त बना रही हैं। #AmritMahotsav #ChangeMakers #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 pic.twitter.com/WSDIbwge0M — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) June 28, 2022

Women’s Recurve trio @ImDeepikaK #AnkitaBhakat & #SimranjeetKaur bag Silver medal at the Archery World Cup Stage-3, France Many congratulations 👏👏 #AmritMahotsav #MaiBharatHoon #AchievementsAt75 #IndianSports #Archery 🏹🎯 pic.twitter.com/gBUl7uHvr8 — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) June 27, 2022

One more Gold for India.Simran Sharma in 100 mtr (T13) clinched 3rd Gold for India at the on going Tunis 2022 World Para Athletics Grand Prix.With one Gold,One silver & 4 Bronze medals on Day 2... #AmritMahotsav #AchievementsAt75 @paralympicIndia pic.twitter.com/YyrsrwjGYk — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) June 30, 2022

What amazing week it has been! Sharing our weekly wrap up of all the positive & exciting things we achieved in the week gone by with #TheWeekThatWas . Watch & enjoy #AmritMahotsav #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 @YASMinistry @UNinIndia @UN @FinMinIndia @mygovindia pic.twitter.com/UlQg89BAGv — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) June 26, 2022

2nd Medal for 🇮🇳 @VJSurekha wins Silver Medal at #ArcheryWorldCup - #Paris , 🇫🇷 Congratulations to #TeamIndia 🇮🇳 #AmritMahotsav #AchievmentsAt75 #IndianArchery #WorldArchery #NTPCArchery #Archery pic.twitter.com/Q8PLhYDP7r — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) June 26, 2022

The 1983 World Cup not only changed the way cricket was viewed & played in India but it changed India itself. 39 years ago, on this day... #AmritMahotsav #ThisDayThatYear #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 @JimmyAmarnath @Sunil_Gavaskar @KirtiAzaad @KrisSrikkanth pic.twitter.com/aq8MgvuqRX — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) June 25, 2022

पं. ओंकारनाथ ठाकुर भारतीय शास्त्रीय संगीत के रत्नों में से एक थे, जिन्होंने संगीत के आध्यात्मिक पक्ष को सबके सामने रखा। उनके संगीत ने सरदार पटेल, महात्मा गांधी और मालवीय जी जैसे स्वतंत्रता सेनानियों को भी प्रभावित किया। #AmritMahotsav #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 pic.twitter.com/77lpOsUuxS — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) June 24, 2022

The first woman scientist to be awarded a Doctor of Science from an Indian University in 1944, #AsimaChaterjee was a trailblazer in the truest sense of the word. #AmritMahotsav #WritingHerStory #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 pic.twitter.com/6hKaOmd9Zs — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) June 24, 2022

On n 12 June 1897, Calcutta became home to the world's first-ever Finger Print Bureau. #AmritMahotsav #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #IdeasAt75 #AchievementsAt75 pic.twitter.com/CanYpicVDw — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) June 23, 2022

Part of the maiden batch of lady cadets of the #IndianArmy in 1992, Lt Col #AnjanaBhaduria achieved gold standards in her service to the nation... #AmritMahotsav #WritingHerStory #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 @adgpi pic.twitter.com/V2eQWDgxwY — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) June 23, 2022

On this day in 2016, @isro scripted history by successfully launching 20 satellites through its PSLV C-34 rocket from Sriharikota's Satish Dhawan Space Centre. #AmritMahotsav #ThisDayThatYear #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 pic.twitter.com/ZgofXQaB5o — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) June 22, 2022

What amazing week it has been! Sharing our weekly wrap up of all the positive & exciting things we achieved in the week gone by with #TheWeekThatWas . Watch & enjoy #AmritMahotsav #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 @YASMinistry @UNinIndia @UN @FinMinIndia @mygovindia pic.twitter.com/K0movQWTFl — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) June 19, 2022

Joby Mathew achieved four Gold Medals for India in 59 kg category . Asian medal Gold Oceania open Gold Best lift Gold (148kg) Total lift Gold.(288kg) This is a historical achievement. Congratulations 🎉 #AmritMahotsav #MainBharatHoon #Achievementsat75 pic.twitter.com/JHO5ivkReg — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) June 18, 2022

...and he's done it again! Watch Olympic Champion & gold medalist 🥇 @Neeraj_chopra1 rewrite his National Record to 89.30 mtrs at Paavo Nurmui Games in Finland. In awe🙌 #AmritMahotsav #MainBharatHoon #Champion #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 pic.twitter.com/renlFEYA4I — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) June 15, 2022

पिछले 8 वर्षों में पूर्वोत्तर भारत के राज्यों में अनेक बड़ी परियोजनाओं, इन्फ्रास्ट्रक्चर, पर्यटन, सड़क, रेल तथा वायु परिवहन के विकास से यहां व्यापक बदलाव और प्रगति हुई है। पूर्वोत्तर आज भारत के विकास का गेटवे बन रहा है। #AmritMahotsav #8YearsOfPurvottarKalyan #AchievementsAt75 pic.twitter.com/JeXspad6Jo — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) June 13, 2022

To date #AparnaSen is the only woman to win the #NationalFilmAward in the best director category. She's achieved the feat 2 times over! #AmritMahotsav #WritingHerStory #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 @FTIIOfficial @Films_Division pic.twitter.com/Qu2PqMFqvL — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) June 12, 2022

Indian ace @vishy64theking defeated World No 1 @MagnusCarlsen in the fifth round of the Classical section in the #NorwayChess tournament. 🙌🇮🇳 #AmritMahotsav #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 #Chess ♟️🥇 pic.twitter.com/BwkyUgNV3M — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) June 6, 2022

GOLD FOR SAKSHI! ⚡️ IIS wrestler @SakshiMalik wins GOLD at the Bolat Turlykhanov Cup, in Almaty, pinning Kazakh grappler Irina Kuznetsova in the final. Its a third medal for #TeamIndia at #WrestleAlmaty . #CraftingVictories 🇮🇳 #AmritMahotsav #Achievementsat75 pic.twitter.com/Gz1yUizRgV — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) June 4, 2022

On the 26th Feb 2010 when Indian Embassy in #Kabul came under attack, Lt Col #MitaliMadhumita rushed to save those who were grievously injured & rescued several from the debris. #AmritMahotsav #WritingHerStory #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 pic.twitter.com/py9IZsXTIF — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) June 4, 2022

Much before OTT platforms took over, DD National was the original powerhouse of amazing content. The proof is in the pudding rather in the program schedule as shown in this pic #AmritMahotsav #FromTheArchives #MainBharatHoon #RareAndUnseen #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 pic.twitter.com/OhSLD9mxmC — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) June 2, 2022

Beauties in the making! A vintage image of India's most favourite & loved family carriers of the 80s #AmritMahotsav #FromTheArchives #MainBharatHoon #RareAndUnseen #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 pic.twitter.com/igYjTkqe0C — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) June 1, 2022

On the 26th Feb 2010 when Indian Embassy in #Kabul came under attack, Lt Col #MitaliMadhumita rushed to save those who were grievously injured & rescued several from the debris. #AmritMahotsav #WritingHerStory #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 @adgpi pic.twitter.com/iJcFxLst5L — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) May 30, 2022

On this day in 1984, #BachendriPal created history by reaching the top of the world’s highest mountain peak, Mt Everest. #AmritMahotsav #ThisDayThatYear #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 pic.twitter.com/nSr0DsdNvn — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) May 23, 2022

Golden moments! While India continues to be in the spotlight at the ongoing 75th Festival de Cannes, here's a picture of industry veterans, #AmritMahotsav #FromTheArchives #RareAndUnseen #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 @Festival_Cannes pic.twitter.com/FJwXd5BmMF — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) May 22, 2022

On May 21, 1994, #SushmitaSen made history when she became the 1st Indian woman to be crowned #MissUniverse . #AmritMahotsav #ThisDayThatYear #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 @thesushmitasen @MissUniverse pic.twitter.com/93PCzU8KhM — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) May 21, 2022

HAIL THE CHAMPIONS!!🙌🇮🇳 India is all set to bring home the #ThomasCup trophy 🏆 for the 1st time after beating 14 times champions Indonesia 3-0 in the finals🏸. What a proud moment! 👏 #AmritMahotsav #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 @BAI_Media @YASMinistry pic.twitter.com/e1p01KSFcQ — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) May 16, 2022

A filmmaker par excellence, #SatyajitRay continues to inspire a whole generation of cinema lovers across the world. #DidYouKnow he was given an honorary #Oscar by the Academy of Motion Pictures in 1992? #AmritMahotsav #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 @TheAcademy pic.twitter.com/ItocIhrw99 — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) May 2, 2022

Founder of the Bhoodan Movement (gift of land) in India, #VinobaBahve was among the first five individuals to receive the #RamonMagsaysay Award in its year of inception in 1958 #AmritMahotsav #DidYouKnow #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 pic.twitter.com/41yxV3UNYP — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) May 2, 2022

Robust, resilient, buoyant, the steel industry of India yet again registered a sterling performance. Among the top 10 nations in the world, India shows a consistent increase in steel production in 2022. #AmritMahotsav #MainBharathoon #AchievementsAt75 @SteelMinIndia pic.twitter.com/8dRTRPJF7u — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) April 27, 2022

Flight of fantasy! The first non-stop commercial flight from the UK landed in British India on this day in 1929. #AmritMahotsav #ThisDayThatYear #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 pic.twitter.com/KJoC7BSOy8 — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) April 26, 2022

#UdantMartand , meaning The Rising Sun, was first published on 30 May, 1826 from Calcutta and was completely written in #Hindi using the Devanagari script #AmritMahotsav #DidYouKnow #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 pic.twitter.com/CPDyFxSCF0 — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) April 20, 2022

Winner of the first-ever #SahityaAkademi Award in 1955 for 'Amrutara Santana' & the first recipient from #Orissa of the highest literary award of the country, #AmritMahotsav #ThisDayThatYear #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 @sahityaakademi @Jnanpith @CMO_Odisha pic.twitter.com/IdwRJg6CdT — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) April 20, 2022

#AmritMahotsav #MainBharatHoon #IncredibleIndia #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 pic.twitter.com/LGpJmPxgmu — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) April 19, 2022

As per #UNESCO 's records, there are 40 Indian properties inscribed on the World Heritage List. From #Maharashtra to #Gujarat , they can be visited across the country. #AmritMahotsav #MainBharatHoon #IncredibleIndia #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 @MinOfCultureGoI @tourismgoi @ASIGoI pic.twitter.com/Ihbf2MErfS — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) April 18, 2022

Queen of the sky! Passionate about flying since childhood, Flt Lt Harita Kaur became one of first seven women cadets inducted into #IAF as Short Service Commission (SSC) officers in 1993. #AmritMahotsav #NaariShakti #MainBharatHoon #DeshKiBeti #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 pic.twitter.com/OndKWxTfGq — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) April 14, 2022

Hospital on wheels!🚃 The #LifelineExpress , also known as the Magic Train, is the world's first hospital on a #train . Started in 1991 by Impact India Foundation in collaboration with @RailMinIndia & @MoHFW_INDIA #AmritMahotsav #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 pic.twitter.com/5m36RQ75j3 — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) April 9, 2022

It's raining world records in India! After our special athletes set the #Guinness Book of World Record for 'Most people doing spot jogging' (multiple venues) at #NationalHealthFest , another para-swimmer from #India , #AmritMahotsav #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 pic.twitter.com/BffvGkNx06 — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) April 8, 2022

Be a sport & share your answer in the section below👇 #AmritMahotsav #BujhoTohJaane #MainBharatHoon #QuizTime ⏲️ #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 @Olympics @WeAreTeamIndia pic.twitter.com/rS92dwNPNB — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) April 5, 2022

All of 17, #NilimaGhose became the 1st Indian #woman to compete at #Olympic Games in #Helsinki in 1952 when she ran the 1st heat race of the women’s 100m. #AmritMahotsav #DidYouKnow #MainBharatHoon #NaariShakti #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 @Olympics @WeAreTeamIndia pic.twitter.com/N2fNJXC6qc — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) April 3, 2022

Amrit Mahotsav in Antarctica! Our #PicOfTheDay 📸 is of India's 2041 Climate Force Antarctica Expedition team celebrating Azadi Ka #AmritMahotsav in #Antarctica . How cool is this!! #MainBharatHoon #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 #ResolveAt75 pic.twitter.com/mpE0ycmHsq — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) April 3, 2022

Simply the best!🏸 1st Indian woman to be ranked number 1 in Badminton World Federation (BWF) rankings in Women’s Singles category; 1st Indian to win an #Olympics medal in Badminton. #AmritMahotsav #NaariShakti #MainBharatHoon #DeshKiBeti #IndiaAt75 #AchievementsAt75 @NSaina pic.twitter.com/7OaTgYzajj — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) March 30, 2022

A sneak peek into the scientific discoveries made in ancient India and how they continue to benefit the world even today @mansukhmandviya #AmritMahotsav #IndiaAndInnovation #MainBharatHoon #AchievementsAt75 pic.twitter.com/fagxMddPQ0 — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) March 8, 2022

Prof. Manjul Bhargava from Princeton University presented an in-depth exploration of India's rich ematical heritage for #Dhara . Watch the complete presentation here: https://t.co/V5rjhAmqMy #AmritMahotsav #MainBharatHoon #VigyanSarvatraPujyate #ideasat75 #AchievementsAt75 pic.twitter.com/MjPyBzxNL8 — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) March 4, 2022

What a proud moment🙌! #TasnimMir becomes the 1st Indian to grab the World No.1 Ranking in U-19 Girls Singles Badminton category🏸. Thank you for the feat & setting a new benchmark for young and aspiring shuttlers 🙏🇮🇳 #AchievementAt75 #AmritMahotsav pic.twitter.com/VShLNBQdhu — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) January 14, 2022

During #AzadiKaAmritMahotsav , India is going to celebrate this "Achievement @ 75", one of the strong pillars listed by Hon. PM Shri @NarendraModi . Are you excited? @AmritMahotsav @GoI_MeitY @MeityPib — Digital India (@_DigitalIndia) August 10, 2021

#IndiaAndInnovation #Achievementsat75 #AmritMahotsav https://t.co/qp6hycwAgb — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) January 11, 2022

#SabkoVaccineMuftVaccine #Achievementsat75 #AmritMahotsav https://t.co/3pnCtqJM8J — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) January 8, 2022

#Achievementsat75 #AmritMahotsav https://t.co/F4Cp7GAUDv — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) January 6, 2022

#AmritMahotsav #IndiaAchievesIn2021 🇮🇳💪 #MainBharatHoon #AchievementsAt75 https://t.co/HOycoQQzMm — Amrit Mahotsav (@AmritMahotsav) December 31, 2021

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• India Independence Day Essay in English

Short Essay on Independence Day - The Day India Became Independent

The day of 15th August 1947 has been engraved in the golden history of India. It is the day when India got its freedom from 200 years of British rule. It was a hard and long struggle in which many freedom fighters and great men sacrificed their lives for our beloved motherland.

India celebrates its Independence Day on the 15th of August every year. This year India Independence Day is celebrated with the theme of “Viksit Bharat” which means Developed India. This theme reflects the Indian government's vision to transform the country into a developed nation by 2047, which will be the 100th anniversary of India's independence

Independence Day 2024 reminds us of all the sacrifices made by our freedom fighters to liberate India from British rule. On 15th August 1947, India was announced free from British imperialism and turned into the biggest vote-based system, the largest democracy in the world.

Using this Independence Day essay in English, students can track down every one of the significant subtleties of India's Independence history. This can help them with their exam preparation as questions are generally asked in the CBSE English paper. Additionally, they can utilise this article as study material for the Independence Day essay for kids during the exam.

Also Check: India Independence Day 2024 - History and Background

Essay on Independence Day 2024

15th August is announced as a public celebration with flag hoisting, marches, and social works. Schools, universities, workplaces, society buildings, government, and private associations celebrate this day beautifully. On this day, the Prime Minister of India hoists the National Flag at the Red Fort and addresses the country with a speech. Doordarshan communicates the whole occasion in real-time on TV.

History of Independence Day

In 1947, on 15th August, India became independent. We won freedom from British Raj after a hard struggle. On this day at the stroke of midnight, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, our first Prime Minister, unfurled the National Flag at the Red Fort for the first time. It marked the end of the 200 years old British reign in India. We now breathe air in a free and sovereign nation.

The British have governed India for about 200 years. Under British colonisation, the life of every Indian was depressing and full of struggle. Indians were treated as slaves and had no freedom of speech. Indian rulers were puppets in the possession of British officers. Indian fighters were dealt with cruelty in British camps, and farmers were starving as they couldn't grow crops and needed to pay substantial land taxes.

On this special occasion, the people of India remember the selfless sacrifices and unparalleled contributions of great men and women to achieve the independence of India. Leaders like Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Subhas Chandra Bose, Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad, Sardar Patel, and Gopalbandhu Das are paid reverent homage by one and all in the country.

Also Check: India Independence Day Speech

Great Indian Freedom Fighters

India couldn't have acquired independence without the efforts of numerous extraordinary freedom fighters. Bhagat Singh, Rani of Jhansi, Chandra Shekhar Azad, Subhas Chandra Bose, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Ram Prasad Bismil, and Ashfaqulla Khan are some of the notable names.

Role of Women in India's Independence

Several women have played a significant part in the Indian freedom movement. Savitribai Phule, Mahadevi Verma, Capt Laxmi Sehgal, Rani Laxmibai, and Basanti Devi are just a few crucial names to remember. These women along with many others played a prominent role in leading India towards its independence.

The ‘Good’ British Rulers in India

Not all the British were awful; many started adoring India and did incredible things for it. Some even took part in the Indian Independence struggle. Some of the good British rulers include Warren Hastings who developed court reforms; Freda Bedi who supported Indian nationalism; Allan Octavian Hume who started the Indian National Congress, etc.

Also Check: Welcome Speech for Indian Independence Day

Why Do We Celebrate Indian Independence Day?

India accomplished freedom following a 200-year-long battle. India gained complete independence from the British on 15th August 1947. That is why the day holds importance in the heart of each Indian citizen either living in India or abroad. India is celebrating 78 years of freedom on 15th August 2024. This day also helps us remember the struggles of freedom fighters and the lives sacrificed in attaining independence.

The struggle that our freedom fighters have gone through shows us that the freedom we appreciate today has been attained by shedding the blood of hundreds of individuals. It stirs patriotism inside each Indian. It makes the current generation understand the struggles of individuals around them and familiarise themselves with the freedom fighters of India.

Importance of Independence Day Essay

Independence day is a positive historical event for the country since we were free from British rule on this day. It unites diverse individuals all over the country. Unity in diversity is the fundamental path and strength of India. We feel pleased to be a part of the biggest majority-rule country on the planet, where we live in a democracy.

Independence Day is an important day in the life of every Indian citizen. Year after year, it reminds us of our great freedom fighters who sacrificed and struggled their lives in order to free our Motherland from British rule. It reminds us of the great paragons, which were the foundation of the dream of a free India, envisioned and realised by the founding fathers.

Also Check: Importance of Independence Day

Activities on Independence Day

Independence Day is celebrated with great joy across the country. People hold meetings, fly the tricolour flag, and sing the National Anthem. There is great enthusiasm among all. In the national capital, Delhi, this day is celebrated with great pomp and show. All leaders and common people gather in large numbers on the parade ground in front of the Red Fort and eagerly wait for the arrival of the Prime Minister.

The Prime Minister then  hoists the National Flag and makes a speech that focuses on the achievements of the government during the past year, mentions the issues that still need to be addressed, and calls upon further developmental efforts. Foreign dignitaries are also invited to this occasion.

Tributes are paid to the freedom fighters who sacrificed their lives during the struggle. The Indian National Anthem – “Jana Gana Mana” is sung. The parade by the Indian Army and the Paramilitary forces is followed by the speech. All state capitals hold events on similar lines with the Chief Minister of the respective states unfurling the National Flag.

Independence Day is observed with great honour at all the government and private institutions, schools, and colleges. Students take part in parades and sing the National Anthem before hoisting the National Flag. Some historical buildings are specially decorated with lights depicting the independence theme. Special programs like planting trees are taken up on this day. The young minds are infused with a sense of patriotism and nationalistic feelings. To celebrate this occasion, sports and cultural competitions are conducted, and prizes are awarded to the winners. Sweets are distributed among everyone. Patriotic songs can be heard at every street corner.

Another interesting feature of the celebration is the kite-flying event that is held all over the country with great zeal. The sky on this day is filled with kites of various colours, shapes, and sizes.

Even television channels and radio programs are charged up with patriotism. The channels telecast movies and documentaries based on patriotic themes in order to let the people and children know about various incidents of our freedom struggle and to inspire a love for our motherland. All the national newspapers also print special editions and cite inspirational stories and excerpts of the life of great men from the great books written about them.

Quotes on Indian Independence Day

"Long years ago, we made a tryst with destiny, and now the time comes when we shall redeem our pledge." - Jawaharlal Nehru

"The best road to progress is freedom's road." - Mahatma Gandhi

"India is, the cradle of the human race, the birthplace of human speech, the mother of history, the grandmother of legend, and the great-grandmother of tradition." - Mark Twain

"We owe a lot to the Indians, who taught us how to count, without which no worthwhile scientific discovery could have been made." - Albert Einstein

Indian Independence Day 2024 is a national occasion and celebrated as a national holiday on which all shops, workplaces, schools and universities remain closed. This day is a token to the freedom fighters and patriots who sacrificed their lives so we could experience and live in a free land. The tricolour is hoisted in schools and other institutions on this day.

A wind of patriotism and national integration blows across the country on this day. The country is celebrating its 78th Independence Day as it completes 78 years of independence to remind the citizens of the sacrifices made by our forefathers. India will commemorate its past this Independence Day and will also lay plans for the future. It is now in the hands of India’s youth to shape and form the future of our country.

FAQs on India Independence Day Essay in English

1. Name a few important freedom fighters who sacrificed their lives for the independence of our motherland.

Some of the great freedom fighters like Mahatma Gandhi, Bhagat Singh, Chandra Shekhar Azad, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, Subhash Chandra Bose, Sardar Ballabh Patel, Bhagat Singh, Maulana Kalam Azad, etc. were at the forefront of the freedom struggle.

2. What is the importance of Independence Day?

Independence Day is the day when all Indians remember the struggle of the eminent leaders to get freedom from the 200 years of British rule. They went through a long and very hard struggle. Many people sacrificed their lives to give us independence. So we pay tribute to all those freedom fighters and take an oath to carry on the legacy for a better country in the future.

3. Why is Independence Day called a Red-Letter Day?

Independence Day is called a Red-Letter Day because it is a special occasion when India got freedom from the hands of the British who ruled our country for over 200 years.

4. How do schools and colleges celebrate this day?

Most schools and colleges celebrate this day with great pomp and show. They hoist the National Flag and sing the National Anthem. The students conduct various cultural programs. They perform small skits based on the patriotic theme. Sports events are also conducted in many institutions, and awards are given to the winners. Many schools also conduct drawing competitions where the students are expected to draw something based on the theme of independence. Sweets are distributed among the students and the staff of the schools and colleges. 

5. Which day is Independence Day in 1947?

India gained independence from the British on 15 August 1947.

6. Who declared freedom for India?

Lord Mountbatten, the last Viceroy of India, declared India's independence on 15 August 1947.

7. What is the theme of Independence Day 2024?

The theme of India's 78th Independence Day in 2024 is "Viksit Bharat" (Developed India). This theme reflects the Indian government's vision to transform the country into a developed nation by 2047, which will be the 100th anniversary of India's independence

8. How to write 10 lines about Independence Day?

Here's a simple way to write 10 lines about Independence Day:

Independence Day is celebrated on August 15th every year in India.

It marks the day when India gained freedom from British rule in 1947.

The day honours the sacrifices of freedom fighters who struggled for India's independence.

It is a national holiday, and people celebrate with flag-hoisting ceremonies.

The Prime Minister delivers a speech from the Red Fort in Delhi.

Schools and institutions organise cultural programs and parades.

Patriotic songs and dances are performed to celebrate the nation's freedom.

The national flag is displayed prominently, symbolizing unity and pride.

Independence Day also reflects on India's progress and achievements.

It is a day to renew our commitment to building a stronger, more inclusive India.

9. What is the best slogan for Independence Day?

A strong and inspiring slogan for Independence Day could be: "Unity in Diversity, Strength in Freedom"

10. What is the best topic for Independence Day?

An important topic for Independence Day could be: "The Role of Freedom Fighters in Shaping Modern India." This topic allows for a deeper understanding of the contributions of key figures in India’s struggle for independence and how their efforts have influenced the country’s development and values today.

11. Mention a few poems on Independence Day.

Here are a few poems that are often recited and celebrated on Indian Independence Day:

"Where the Mind is Without Fear" by Rabindranath Tagore This poem, from Tagore's "Gitanjali," visualises a nation where people are free from fear and prejudice.

"Freedom" by Rabindranath Tagore Another powerful piece by Tagore, this poem speaks of true freedom beyond mere political independence.

"The Gift of India" by Sarojini Naidu This poem reflects on the contributions and sacrifices of Indian soldiers during World War I, symbolising the broader struggle for freedom.

"Incredible India" by Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam This poem by the former President of India captures the beauty and spirit of the nation.

12. What was the time at which India got Independence in 1947?

India officially gained independence from British rule at midnight on August 15, 1947. The exact time of independence is often noted as 12:00 AM. This moment is famously marked by Jawaharlal Nehru's speech, "Tryst with Destiny," delivered shortly before the stroke of midnight on August 14, 1947. 

13. How many years has it been since Independence Day 1947?

As of 2024, it has been 77 years since Independence Day 1947. Since we count the starting year (1947) as the first year, the 78th Independence Day is in 2024.

14. What are the points to be added in a short essay on Independence Day? 

When writing a short essay on Independence Day, consider including the following points:

Introduction:

Briefly introduce the significance of Independence Day.

Mention the date and year when India gained independence (August 15, 1947).

Historical Context:

Summarize the colonial period under British rule.

Highlight key events leading up to independence, such as the freedom struggle, major movements, and leaders involved.

Key Figures:

Discuss important leaders like Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, and Subhas Chandra Bose.

Briefly mention their contributions and sacrifices.

Independence Day Celebration:

Describe typical activities on Independence Day, such as flag hoisting, parades, and cultural programs.

Mention the Prime Minister’s speech and its significance.

Significance:

Explain the importance of the day for national pride and unity.

Reflect on the values of freedom, democracy, and patriotism.

Current Relevance:

Discuss how Independence Day continues to inspire and unite the nation.

Mention ongoing efforts to uphold the values of independence and democracy.

Conclusion:

Summarize the importance of remembering and celebrating Independence Day.

End with a statement on the future and continuing journey of the nation.

Essay on 75 Years of Indian Independence

Students are often asked to write an essay on 75 Years of Indian Independence in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on 75 Years of Indian Independence

The journey of independence.

India has completed 75 years of independence, a journey that began on 15th August 1947. This period has been marked by significant growth and development, despite various challenges.

Post-Independence Era

Initially, India faced numerous issues like poverty and illiteracy. The leaders worked hard to uplift the country, focusing on education, infrastructure, and health.

Economic Progress

India has made remarkable economic progress. It’s now one of the fastest-growing economies, with advancements in technology, space research, and various industries.

Cultural Preservation

Despite modernization, India has managed to preserve its rich cultural heritage, showcasing its diversity to the world.

Looking Ahead

As India steps into the next 75 years, the aim is to build an inclusive, prosperous nation, ensuring a better future for all.

250 Words Essay on 75 Years of Indian Independence

Introduction.

India, a nation with a rich history, diverse culture, and a promising future, celebrated 75 years of independence in 2021. This milestone marks a journey of resilience, development, and transformation, which is worthy of reflection and celebration.

Post-Independence Struggles

The initial years following independence were marked by the daunting task of nation-building. The partition of India and Pakistan led to large-scale violence, displacement, and socio-economic challenges. The nascent government had to formulate a constitution, establish institutions, and ensure social justice amidst this chaos.

Progressive Developments

Over the years, India has made significant strides in various fields. The Green Revolution transformed the agricultural landscape, making India self-sufficient in food grains. The IT revolution positioned India as a global hub for technology and services. India’s space program, ISRO, has achieved remarkable feats, including the successful Mars Orbiter Mission.

Challenges and the Way Forward

Despite these accomplishments, India still grapples with issues such as poverty, illiteracy, and corruption. The economic disparity is a pressing concern that needs to be addressed. However, with the advent of digital technology and initiatives like Digital India, there is hope for a more inclusive and equitable future.

The 75 years of Indian independence is a saga of triumph, resilience, and constant evolution. The journey has been challenging, but the progress made is commendable. As we look forward to the future, the lessons from the past will guide India towards a prosperous and inclusive society.

500 Words Essay on 75 Years of Indian Independence

The dawn of independence, post-independence challenges.

The immediate aftermath of independence was a period of considerable challenges. The partition of the country into India and Pakistan led to widespread communal violence and a massive refugee crisis. The new nation was also faced with the task of integrating hundreds of princely states into the Indian Union. Despite these adversities, India managed to create a democratic system, which was a remarkable achievement considering the socio-economic conditions of the time.

Building a Democratic Republic

The adoption of the Constitution in 1950 laid the foundation for India as a democratic republic. The Constitution, which is the longest written constitution in the world, enshrines the principles of justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity. It established a parliamentary system of government, universal adult franchise, and a commitment to social justice and human rights.

Economic Development and Modernization

India on the global stage.

India’s foreign policy, characterized by the principles of non-alignment and peaceful coexistence, has evolved over the years. India has played a significant role in international affairs, be it the fight against apartheid in South Africa or contributing to United Nations peacekeeping missions. Today, India is seen as a major global player with increasing influence in international forums.

The Road Ahead

As India celebrates 75 years of independence, it stands at a crucial juncture. While it has made significant strides in various spheres, challenges remain. Issues such as poverty, illiteracy, corruption, and environmental degradation need to be addressed. The vision for the future should be to build an inclusive, sustainable, and resilient India.

If you’re looking for more, here are essays on other interesting topics:

Apart from these, you can look at all the essays by clicking here .

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Independence Day 2022: Essay On 75th Independence Day Of India For Students

On independence day, indians pay tribute to all the prominent leaders of india who have heroically fought for the country's freedom. many events are dedicated at red fort..

On August 15, 2022, India will commemorate its 75th year of Independence. The Prime Minister of India will unfurl the Tricolour from the Red Fort in Old Delhi like every year. On this day, Indians pay tribute to all the prominent leaders of India who have heroically fought for the country's freedom in the past.

However, because of the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been no big celebrations or social events in the past two years. As Independence Day is a national holiday, all government offices, post offices, banks, and retailers will be closed. The states and union governments will webcast the celebrations and events.

Essay on Independence Day in 200 words

On this day, students are asked by their teachers to write an essay, and here are some essay ideas for Independence Day 2022 to impress the teachers.

1. The sacrifices of our brave Indian freedom fighters are remembered on Independence Day. Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first Prime Minister, unfurled the tricolour national flag at Red Fort and Lahori Gate in Delhi when the country became Independent. From that day, India celebrates Independence Day on this day. After being hoisted, the Tricolour will receive a 'Rashtriya Salute'. The Navy Band will play the National Anthem during the hoisting of the National Flag and the 'Rashritya Salute'. After the Flag hoisting, the Tricolour will receive a 'Rashtriya Salute'. The Navy Band will play the National Anthem during the hoisting of the National Flag and the 'Rashritya Salute'vrate Indian Independence Day.

Schools, Colleges and Universities conduct various cultural activities to celebrate Indian Independence Day.

Kite flying is also a part of the Independence Day of India celebration, with kites of various sizes, shapes, and colours filling the sky. From 1974 onwards, the chief ministers of several states unfurled the national flag. The anniversary of the subcontinent's separation into India and Pakistan is another significant relevance of Independence Day. Our country is regarded as the world's largest democracy. The UK Parliament enacted the Indian Independence Act 1947 on this day, transferring legislative authority to the Indian nation.

2. Our main goal in celebrating Independence Day is to educate our young generation about the pride and courage of our great freedom fighters who sacrificed their lives for our country's freedom. It's the day we put aside our cultural differences and come together as true Indians. Youth awareness is necessary because the nation's future rests on the youngsters and their power to influence the country. As a result, our responsibility is to serve the country and make every effort to improve society.

Independence day is marked by a strong sense of patriotism and nationalism across the country. The day also reflects our pride and solidarity in the country's diversity. India, a land of people of all religions living together in a diversified society with a rich culture and heritage, celebrates this significant occasion with tremendous joy. We are elated, and it motivates us to defend our motherland against any attack on the country's dignity and sovereignty.

Mahatma Gandhi, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose, Lala Lajpat Rai, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, Dr Rajendra Prasad, Moulana Abdul Kalam Azad, Sukhdev, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Chandra Shekhar Azad, and others are among the prominent freedom fighters without whom our dream of Independence would not have been possible. Our country is free today of British rule because of their sacrifice and hard effort. August 15 is the day when the country's citizens honour our freedom fighters.

Essay on Independence Day in 500 words

If you get an assignment to write an essay on Independence Day in 500 or 800 words then you can add the below points in the above essay points.

Every year India celebrates Independence day on August 15. As it is on this day in 1947, India gained Independence from British rule. We celebrate Independence day to remember our freedom fighters who sacrificed their lives to make our country independent. Our Independence Day is important in every Indian's life as it is the day we can remember our martyrs who died for the country. Also, it is the only day we forget all our cultural differences and unite as one true Indian.

On this occasion, various cultural activities are conducted by schools. Plays, drama, dance, essay competitions and quizzes. Students dress up as their freedom fighters as well. The Independence day celebration is done on a wide scale. Every government building is decorated with light, the same colour as our national flag, orange, green and white.

What is special this year?

For the 75th independence day, Har Ghar Tiranga Movement will be launched. Everyone has to hoist Tiranga on their homes from 13-15 August. This campaign aims to celebrate 75 glorious years of Independence of India and showcase patriotism. From now on, the Tiranga can be hoisted day and night. On August 15, various events are organized at different locations connected with Freedom Struggle to portray the patriotic feeling and honouring the freedom fighters of our country.

The youth of our country can bring change to the nation as it is rightly said that the future depends on the young generation. So we must serve the nation and make every possible effort to improve our country. One of the main motives for the celebration of Independence Day is to make our youth aware of freedom fighters and the importance of Independence.

Stories of freedom fighters like Mahatma Gandhi, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose, Lala Lajpat Rai, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, Dr Rajendra Prasad, Moulana Abdul Kalam Azad, Sukhdev, Bhagat Singh are very inspiring for our generation.

Famous Quotes in Independence Day Essay

At the end of the essay on I-Day, don't forget to provide a quote from our freedom fighters. Here is the list of a few quotes from which you can pick your favourite one:

"Patriotism is religion and religion is love for India" - Bankim Chandra Chatterjee

"India's Soul live in villages" - Mahatama Gandhi

"Swaraj mera janam sidh adhikar hai, aur mai ise lekar rahunga" - Bal Gangadhar Tilak

"Sarfaroshi ki tamanna ab •hamare dil me hai, dekhna hai zor kitna baazu-e-qaatil mein hai" - Ramprasad Bismil

"Khoon se khelenge Holi gar Vatan mushkil main hai" - Ashfaqullah Khan

"Inqalab Zindabad" - Shaheed Bhagat Singh

More INDEPENDENCE DAY News  

Independence Day 2024: Dos and Don'ts for Hoisting the National Flag

Independence Day: Speech for Class 10-12 Students

Independence Day 2024: Notable Firsts in India Across Various Sectors

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India at 75: Perspectives

Updated - November 22, 2021 09:48 pm IST

Published - August 14, 2021 04:21 pm IST

Artists in Jammu carry a floral map in time for today’s programme.

Collection - 7 stories

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India at 75 – Part II

• 03 Sep 2022
• 25 min read
• GS Paper - 1
• GS Paper - 2
• Role of Women
• Population and Associated Issues
• Poverty and Developmental Issues
• Government Policies & Interventions
• Issues Relating to Development
• Issues Related to Women

For Prelims: Gender Gap Index (GGI), Global Hunger Index (GHI), Female Labour force, Human Development Index (HDI), Child Mortality, NFHS-5 related findings on Women, Infant Mortality, Global Climate Risk Index, Corruption Perceptions Index

For Mains: Status of women in contemporary India, Challenges to women related growth & development, India’s status in the Human Development Index.

The Status of Women in Independent India

What is the context.

• In the seven decades that followed India’s independence, many have toiled to fulfil the vision of those who fought for its freedom. India has undergone significant changes, both socio-economic and political, and seen successes on the global stage.
• But the status of women in the fight for freedom, dignity, equal rights and representation needs to be pondered upon for they constitute half of the country’s citizenry.

What is the Status of Gender Gap in Contemporary India?

• The proportion of women exceeded men in 2021 for the first time in history. For every 1,000 men, there are 1,020 women, according to the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) data.
• According to Census 2011, the child sex ratio dropped from 927 in 2011 to 914 per 1,000 males.
• Several factors like discrimination towards the girl child and sex-selective abortions, are responsible for the skewed ratio.
• Globally 7% more boys die under the age of 5 compared to girls but in India, 11% more girls die under the age of 5 .
• India is also home to the largest number of child brides in the world.
• Over 65% of abortions in India were classified as unsafe between 2007 and 2011.
• The NFHS 5 further shows that more than one-fourth (27%) of abortions were performed by untrained women without any assistance at home.
• India accounts for 4.6 crore of the world’s 14.26 crore “missing females” .
• It cited sex selection based on gender and post-birth female mortality as two main reasons behind the alarming number.
• Since its inception in 1950, the SC has seen only 11 women judges.

What about Women’s Education?

• However, it is still 15% less against the global average rate of 87% .
• Overall enrolment has increased over the years, but a lesser number of girls took admission than boys in primary, secondary and higher secondary levels between 2012 and 2021.
• Family pressure to leave education, early marriage, and household responsibilities are some of the reasons girls drop out of school.

What is the Healthcare Scenario?

• Government data shows that around 20% of women of reproductive age are undernourished .
• The number of anaemic women increased from 53% in 2015-16 to 57% in 2019-21.
• NFHS data reveals that children born to underweight mothers are more likely to be stunted or underweight than those born to mothers with a normal BMI or children whose mothers are overweight/obese.
• It also highlights the role of education. More than 45% of children born to mothers with no schooling were stunted, compared with 26% born to mothers with 12 or more years of schooling.

How Participative are Women in the Workforce?

• As per a report by the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE) , about 9% of women were employed or looking for jobs in 2021-22 — a decline from 15% in 2016-17 .
• The proportion of working-age women taking part in paid work dropped to 19.2% in 2021 from 30.7% in 2006 .
• Government data also shows that men continue to be more likely to be employed than women in India. In comparison to 75% of men, around 25% of women are currently employed.
• Another reason is that the majority of Indian women continue to be engaged in unpaid household work .

What does the NFHS-5 say about Women’s Financial Autonomy?

• The survey shows that 18% of married earning women make independent financial decisions .
• 85% of married women who earn cash say they make decisions alone or jointly with their husband on how their earnings are to be used.
• The husband is the sole decision-maker regarding the use of a woman’s earnings for 14% of females.
• 79% of women have a bank or savings account that they themselves use.
• Just a little more than 50% of women in the age group have a mobile phone that they themselves use.
• 42% of women own a house alone or jointly with someone.
• The percentage of employed women who earn about the same or more than their husband has decreased from 42% (NFHS-4) to 40% .

What about the Crime Against Women?

• Government data on crimes against women revealed that India reported a rape every 15 minutes on average in 2018 .
• With the advent of digitisation, things have become even worse with women getting harassed online and morphed photos, abuse, and rape threats becoming more common .
• 30% of women between the age of 18 and 49 have experienced physical violence since they were 15 years old and 6% have experienced sexual violence in their lifetime.
• Domestic violence against women marginally declined from 31.2% to 29.3%, but 32% of married women experienced physical, sexual, or emotional spousal violence.

What about Women’s Representation in Decision Making?

• Only 14% of Members of Parliament in the current Lok Sabha are women. The global average is 25.
• The representation of women in Lok Sabha has failed to breach the 20% mark in around seven decades of Independence.
• Over the years, political parties have promised 33% reservation to women multiple times but that has not happened so far.
• Out of 1.7 million advocates registered, only 15% are women.
• Since its inception in 1950, the SC has seen only 11 women judges .

UPSC Civil Services Examination, Previous Year Questions (PYQs)

Q. The endeavour of Janani Suraksha Yojana Programme is (2012)

• to promote institutional deliveries
• to provide monetary assistance to the mother to meet the cost of delivery
• to provide for wage loss due to pregnancy and confinement

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

Q. What are the continued challenges for Women in India against time and space? (2019)

India – Growth & Development since Independence

• India’s independence ushered in a new era of growth, opportunity, democratic rule and freedom. However, it was not the only region or country undergoing extreme change at that time.
• Several other Southeast Asian and African nations were also fighting for freedom from colonial rule or had become newly independent.
• The West was also recovering from the aftermath of World War II .
• Undoubtedly, India has made significant progress in the past 75 years but its position at the global level needs some serious attention when it comes to the developed west or the other countries that gained independence during the same time period under similar circumstances.

How well has India made Progress?

• Metalled roads were few and far between, and access to electricity was a luxury for most.
• India’s infant mortality rate declined from 161.8 in 1960 to 27 in 2020.
• While only 50% of households had access to electricity in the 1990s, the gap has practically closed now.
• In 2020, over 40% of Indians were using internet .
• Southern and western States have fared better than other regions.
• Eastern States, such as Bihar, Odisha, and Jharkhand, have performed poorly across indicators.

What do Several Indicators Present?

• a long and healthy life (measured by life expectancy at birth)
• knowledge (measured by mean and expected years of schooling)
• decent standard of living (measured by Gross National Income per capita in PPP terms in US$).
• India’s HDI increased by 0.11 points in 1950 to 0.65 in 2019 .
• Five countries —Turkey, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Egypt and Nepal — which were behind India in the 1960-75 period surged past with better IMRs in 2020.
• Among the states, Nagaland in 2018 surpassed Kerala for the lowest IMR (of 4 ). As of 2018, MP had the highest IMR (of 48) .
• While the share of women in Parliament has doubled, the relative pace of growth has been slow with many countries surpassing India in the considered period.
• Bhutan is the only country in the Indian subcontinent that ranks higher at 53.5%.
• While India has performed well on indicators such as Internet and electricity access, it has been outpaced by other countries on indicators such as HDI, GDP per capita, IMR and representation of women.

What is the State-Specific Scenario?

• Only Bihar and Uttar Pradesh had an HDI of less than 0.6 in 2019.
• In fact, by this time, all the States in the south, west (except Rajasthan) and north (except Uttar Pradesh) had crossed the ₹1 lakh mark.
• With more than 50% of its population below the poverty line, Bihar had the highest share of poor people in 1993-94.
• Chhattisgarh (39.9%) had replaced Bihar as the worst performing State .
• Punjab (11.8%) had the lowest share of people living in extreme poverty in 1993-94.
• Goa had the lowest share (5.1%) by 2011-12.
• With an average life expectancy of 72.9 and 75.2 during the early 1990s and 2013-17, respectively, Kerala remained the State with the highest life expectancy at birth.
• Uttar Pradesh took its place with a life expectancy of 65 in the 2013-17 period.
• Mizoram had the highest share of households with any toilet facility during both periods.
• By 2019-21, only Jharkhand, Odisha and Bihar had not crossed the 70% mark.
• By 2019-21, while southern States outpaced other regions, northeastern States were left behind.
• In most eastern and Central States, more than 40% of households continued using solid fuel for cooking .

How is India’s Performance on Other Indices?

• The 2022 edition of the World Press Freedom Index ranked India at 150 out of 180 countries.
• India’s position has fallen from 80 in 2002 .
• India's rank fell by 55 points in the last 10 years.
• The report was first published in 2006, and India was ranked 96 out of 119 countries . In the latest report published in October 2021, India was ranked 101 out of 116 countries.
• India was among the top ten, ranked seventh.
• India scored 40 on the 2022 Corruption Perceptions Index and was ranked 85 . This was, however, not India’s worst performance on the index.
• In the 2022 edition of the report, India is ranked 87; Indian passport-holders can access 60 visa-free destinations around the world.

Q. Consider the following statements: (2009)

• Infant mortality rate takes into account the death of infants within a month after birth.
• Infant mortality rate is the number of infant deaths in a particular year per 100 live births during that year.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Q. Despite Consistent experience of high growth, India still goes with the lowest indicators of human development. Examine the issues that make balanced and inclusive development elusive. (2019)

Q. Examine the main provisions of the National Child Policy and throw light on the status of its implementation. (2016)

Q. Why do some of the most prosperous regions of India have an adverse sex ratio for women? Give your arguments. (2014)

India at 75 - Part I

Essay Curve

Essay on India After 75 Years of Independence

Essay on India After 75 Years of Independence: India, a country rich in culture, diversity, and history, has come a long way since gaining independence 75 years ago. In this essay, we will explore the progress and challenges faced by India in the decades following independence. From economic growth to social development, we will analyze the achievements and setbacks that have shaped the nation into what it is today. Join us as we reflect on India’s journey after 75 years of independence.

Table of Contents

India After 75 Years of Independence Essay Writing Tips

1. Introduction: Start your essay by briefly discussing the significance of India’s 75 years of independence and how far the country has come since gaining freedom from British rule in 1947.

2. Economic Growth: Discuss India’s economic progress over the past 75 years, highlighting key milestones such as the Green Revolution, economic liberalization in the 1990s, and the country’s emergence as a major global economic player.

3. Technological Advancements: Talk about India’s advancements in technology and innovation, including the rise of the IT industry, the success of Indian startups, and the country’s growing influence in the global tech sector.

4. Social Progress: Address the social changes that have taken place in India over the past 75 years, such as improvements in healthcare, education, and gender equality. Discuss challenges that still remain, such as poverty, caste discrimination, and access to basic services.

5. Political Developments: Analyze India’s political landscape post-independence, including the evolution of the country’s democratic institutions, the rise of regional political parties, and the challenges of governance in a diverse and complex society.

6. Cultural Diversity: Highlight India’s rich cultural heritage and diversity, discussing how it has been preserved and celebrated over the past 75 years. Talk about the importance of cultural exchange and dialogue in fostering national unity and harmony.

7. Environmental Concerns: Address the environmental challenges facing India, such as air and water pollution, deforestation, and climate change. Discuss efforts to promote sustainability and conservation in the country.

8. Global Standing: Examine India’s role on the world stage, including its relationships with other countries, participation in international organizations, and contributions to global issues such as peacekeeping, climate change, and economic development.

9. Future Prospects: Conclude your essay by reflecting on India’s future prospects and the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead. Discuss the importance of continued progress and development to ensure a prosperous and inclusive future for all Indians.

10. Conclusion: Summarize the key points of your essay and reiterate the significance of India’s 75 years of independence in shaping the country’s past, present, and future. Emphasize the need for unity, progress, and resilience as India continues its journey towards a brighter tomorrow.

Essay on India After 75 Years of Independence in 10 Lines – Examples

1. India has emerged as a global superpower, with a strong economy and technological advancements. 2. The country has achieved significant progress in areas such as healthcare, education, and infrastructure. 3. India is a leader in renewable energy and has made great strides in addressing climate change. 4. The caste system has been largely eradicated, leading to greater social equality and harmony. 5. Women have achieved equal rights and opportunities in all sectors of society. 6. India is a beacon of democracy and has set an example for other nations in terms of governance and transparency. 7. The country has become a hub for innovation and entrepreneurship, attracting talent from around the world. 8. India has strengthened its relationships with other countries, playing a key role in global affairs. 9. The arts and culture of India have flourished, showcasing the country’s rich heritage and diversity. 10. Overall, India has transformed into a modern, progressive nation that continues to strive for excellence and inclusivity.

Sample Essay on India After 75 Years of Independence in 100-180 Words

India after 75 years of independence has made significant progress in various fields. The country has emerged as a global economic powerhouse, with a booming IT sector, a strong manufacturing base, and a rapidly growing consumer market. The standard of living has improved for many, with poverty rates declining and access to education and healthcare increasing.

However, challenges such as income inequality, corruption, and environmental degradation still persist. The country continues to grapple with issues such as religious and caste-based discrimination, gender inequality, and political instability.

Despite these challenges, India has shown resilience and determination in overcoming obstacles and moving forward. The country has a young and dynamic population that is driving innovation and entrepreneurship, and there is a sense of optimism and hope for the future.

As India looks towards the next 75 years, it must focus on sustainable development, social inclusion, and good governance to ensure a prosperous and equitable future for all its citizens.

Short Essay on India After 75 Years of Independence in 200-500 Words

India has come a long way since gaining independence from British colonial rule 75 years ago. The country has made significant progress in various fields, including economy, technology, education, and healthcare. The journey has not been without challenges, but India has shown resilience and determination to overcome obstacles and achieve growth and development.

One of the most notable changes in India after 75 years of independence is the economic transformation. The country has emerged as one of the fastest-growing economies in the world, with a burgeoning middle class and a thriving business environment. The government has implemented various economic reforms to attract foreign investment, promote entrepreneurship, and create job opportunities for its growing population. As a result, India has witnessed a significant reduction in poverty levels and an improvement in living standards for many of its citizens.

Technological advancements have also played a crucial role in shaping India’s future. The country has become a global hub for information technology and software development, with cities like Bangalore and Hyderabad earning the nickname “Silicon Valley of India.” The widespread adoption of digital technologies has transformed various sectors, including banking, healthcare, education, and agriculture. India has also made significant strides in space exploration, with successful missions to Mars and the moon, showcasing its technological prowess on the global stage.

Education has been another area of focus for India in the post-independence era. The government has made efforts to improve access to quality education for all its citizens, with initiatives like the Right to Education Act and the establishment of new schools and colleges across the country. As a result, India has seen a significant increase in literacy rates and educational attainment levels, empowering its youth to compete in the global economy.

Healthcare has also seen significant improvements in India after 75 years of independence. The government has launched various healthcare schemes and initiatives to provide affordable and accessible healthcare services to its citizens. The country has made progress in reducing maternal and child mortality rates, controlling the spread of infectious diseases, and improving healthcare infrastructure in rural areas. However, challenges like inadequate healthcare funding, shortage of healthcare professionals, and unequal access to healthcare services still persist and need to be addressed.

In conclusion, India has made remarkable progress in various fields after 75 years of independence. The country has emerged as a global economic powerhouse, a technological innovator, and a hub for education and healthcare. While there have been challenges along the way, India has shown resilience and determination to overcome obstacles and achieve growth and development. As the country continues on its path of progress, it is essential to address remaining challenges and work towards building a more inclusive and sustainable future for all its citizens.

Essay on India After 75 Years of Independence in 1000-1500 Words

India After 75 Years of Independence

India, a land of diverse cultures, languages, and traditions, has come a long way since gaining independence from British rule in 1947. As we celebrate 75 years of freedom, it is important to reflect on the progress made by the country and envision the future that lies ahead.

In the seven and a half decades since independence, India has made significant strides in various fields. The country has witnessed rapid economic growth, technological advancements, and social development. The Green Revolution in the 1960s transformed India from a food-deficient nation to a self-sufficient one, ensuring food security for its growing population. The liberalization of the economy in the 1990s opened up new opportunities for entrepreneurship and foreign investment, leading to a surge in economic growth and development.

India has also made significant progress in the field of science and technology. The country has established itself as a global leader in information technology and space research, with organizations like ISRO and companies like Infosys and TCS making a mark on the world stage. The Mars Orbiter Mission in 2014 and the Chandrayaan missions have showcased India’s capabilities in space exploration and research.

In the field of education, India has made significant strides in improving literacy rates and access to quality education. The Right to Education Act passed in 2009 made education a fundamental right for all children in the country, ensuring that every child has access to free and compulsory education. The establishment of prestigious institutions like the IITs and IIMs has helped in producing a skilled workforce that is competitive on a global scale.

India has also made progress in improving healthcare and reducing poverty. The National Health Mission launched in 2013 has focused on improving healthcare infrastructure and providing affordable healthcare services to all sections of society. The implementation of schemes like Ayushman Bharat has ensured that no one is left behind when it comes to accessing healthcare services. The poverty rate in the country has also declined significantly over the years, thanks to various poverty alleviation programs and schemes.

Despite these achievements, India still faces numerous challenges that need to be addressed in the coming years. One of the biggest challenges facing the country is the issue of inequality. The gap between the rich and the poor continues to widen, with a large section of the population still living in poverty. Addressing this issue will require a concerted effort from the government and civil society to ensure that the benefits of development reach all sections of society.

Another challenge facing India is the issue of environmental degradation and climate change. Rapid industrialization and urbanization have taken a toll on the environment, leading to pollution, deforestation, and loss of biodiversity. Climate change poses a serious threat to the country, with rising temperatures and erratic weather patterns affecting agriculture and livelihoods. India needs to adopt sustainable development practices and invest in renewable energy sources to mitigate the impact of climate change.

In addition to these challenges, India also needs to focus on improving governance and reducing corruption. The country ranks low on various global indices when it comes to transparency and accountability in governance. Strengthening institutions, promoting transparency, and empowering citizens to hold their leaders accountable will be crucial in ensuring good governance and inclusive development.

As India looks towards the future, it is important to set ambitious goals and work towards achieving them. The vision of a developed and prosperous India, where every citizen has access to education, healthcare, and livelihood opportunities, should guide the country’s policies and programs. Investing in human capital, promoting innovation and entrepreneurship, and fostering a culture of inclusivity and diversity will be key to realizing this vision.

In conclusion, India has made significant progress in the 75 years since independence, but there is still a long way to go. As the country celebrates this milestone, it is important to reflect on the achievements and challenges that lie ahead. By addressing issues of inequality, environmental degradation, governance, and corruption, India can build a brighter future for its citizens and continue on the path of progress and development. Let us work together towards realizing the dream of a strong, united, and prosperous India for the next 75 years and beyond. Jai Hind!

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