term paper sample in nigeria

How to Write a Term Paper for Yourself or Other Students

The journey of a university student is quite an interesting one. All through their semester, they get involved in different kinds of assignments, such as classes, practical lessons, fieldwork, and internships. These are necessary to gain the knowledge, skills, and experiences needed in their careers. University students also participate in tasks like individual and group projects, field trips, and easy and difficult exercises.

Based on the knowledge they gain over time, they are asked to write a term paper to validate their learning experience. This task is tedious, unlike regular essays, which are quite easy. The term paper is usually about a topic that requires that they use their learning experience to help them write.

Due to how comprehensive it is, students are usually scared when told to write a term paper.

This article will provide you with the necessary knowledge that you’ll need to write a term paper for yourself and also for your colleagues.

Table of Contents

What is a Term Paper?

A term paper is a research paper written by students over an academic term, accounting for a large part of a grade. Term papers typically require students to research a specific topic, analyze the information they have gathered, and present their findings in a clear and well-organized manner.

They may also require students to provide their insights and interpretations of the material. The format and content of a term paper can vary depending on the subject, course, and instructor. If you already grasp a term paper, it is important you must know how to write a good term paper outline.

How to Write a Good Term Paper (Outline)

A good term paper outline can help you organize your thoughts and ideas and make writing smoother. Here are some steps for creating a good term paper outline:

Start with a clear thesis statement

The first step in writing a good term paper outline is to have a clear thesis statement. It should be the main point or argument of your paper. It should be specific and concise, and it should be included in the introduction of your outline.

Use a ranking structure

When writing a good term paper outline, you should organize its structure into main headings, sections, and sub-headings. This will help you see the overall structure of your paper and ensure that all the information is logically connected.

Be specific

When writing a good term paper outline, you cannot include irrelevant information. You should endeavour to be as specific as possible when listing the main points and supporting evidence for each section of your paper. This will help you stay focused on the topic and ensure that your paper is well organized.

Use keywords

Using keywords throughout your outline is a very important step in writing a term paper. One of the reasons is that it can help you remember your paper’s main points and arguments.

It can also help your readers organize their focus, helping them understand your term paper.

Include sources

In writing a term paper outline, you should add the sources you intend to use for your work in each section. This will help you stay on track and ensure that you have enough information to support your arguments. Also, citation of sources is known to lend credibility to your term paper and give credit to authors whose works you’ve employed in your research.

Review and revise

Another step taken when writing your term paper outline is revision. This entails that you review your outline regularly, ensuring that all sections are logically connected and that your arguments are supported by evidence.

If there is no connection, your term paper will be faulty, which will annul the purpose for which you decided to begin.

Don’t forget the formatting

There are different formats and styles used when writing a term paper. Though there are different formats, you are expected to use the style your lecturer prefers and ensure all the sections are in the right order.

An example of a term paper outline

This example is meant to show you what the contents of a typical term paper should be like.

Introduction

• Background information
• Thesis statement
• Literature Review
• Overview of existing research
• Critique of previous studies
• Gaps in current knowledge
• Data collection
• Sample selection
• Data Analysis
• Tables, figures, and visual aids
• Interpretation of results
• Comparison to existing literature
• Implications
• Summary of main points
• Recommendations for future research
• List of sources cited in the paper
• Additional material supporting the research

Keep in mind that this is just a sample, and you should be able to tailor it to the specific needs of your term paper.

Read Also: Why Your Academic Essay is Below Average

Components of a Good Term Paper

When you want to write a term paper, it is important to note that there are certain building blocks that a term paper will contain. These building blocks are referred to as components. A typical term paper includes the following components;

A title page is the first component required in writing a term paper. It includes the title of the paper, the student’s name, and the course and supervisor’s information. When you write a term paper, ensure that all the information required on the title page is imputed correctly and concisely.

An abstract is a summary of the main points of a term paper. It is typically found at the beginning of the paper and provides an overview of the study’s research, methods, results, and conclusions. A good term paper should have a clear and concise abstract that accurately reflects the content of your paper and provides a sense of the key findings and contributions of your research.

Your abstract should also be well-written, free of errors, and in style appropriate for the intended audience (the format style will be made known to you by your lecturers).

An introduction is a component of writing a term paper. It provides background information on the topic being discussed, presents the main thesis or argument of the paper, and gives an overview of the organization and structure of the paper. It is typically the first section of your paper and is usually written after you have completed your research and writing process.

The main goal of an introduction is to engage your reader’s interest and provide context for the information that will be presented in the rest of your term paper.

Literature review

A literature review is a critical evaluation of the existing research on a particular topic. It is a component of a term paper as it provides context and background information on the topic being studied. A literature review in a term paper typically includes a summary of relevant theories, previous research studies, and key findings in the field. It also critically analyzes and evaluates the existing literature, highlighting gaps or inconsistencies in the research and identifying areas for future study.

This can help you establish the significance and originality of the research proposed in the term paper. It will also help you demonstrate your understanding of the current state of knowledge in the field and how your research will contribute to the existing body of knowledge.

Methods are a critical component of a term paper because they describe the procedures used to conduct the research and collect data. When writing a term paper, the methods section should include a detailed description of your research, the materials and instruments used, and all the procedures followed during the research.

It should also contain information on any ethical considerations related to your research, such as informed consent, protection of participants’ rights, and data privacy. Your method section should be written in a clear and concise manner, and it should be detailed enough that someone else could replicate the study based on the information provided.

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The results section of a term paper typically presents the research findings you conducted. This section usually includes a detailed analysis of your collected data, including any statistical analyses conducted.

You should try to present your results in a clear and organized manner. You should also

discuss them in relation to the research question or hypothesis being tested.

The discussion section of a term paper is where you interpret and explain the significance of the findings presented in the results section. This section should connect the results to your research question or hypothesis and explain how the findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the topic being studied.

Also, the discussion should highlight any limitations of your study and suggest directions for future research.

The conclusion section is important when writing your term paper. This section summarises the main findings of your research and its implications, and you should also suggest any further research that is needed in the field.

The reference section, also known as the bibliography, is a component of a term paper that lists all the sources you used in writing the paper. It is typically located at the end of the paper and is used to give credit to the authors whose work you used in the research and writing of your term paper, using a specific citation style (such as APA or MLA).

The reference section is important because it allows readers to easily locate and consult the sources used in your paper and demonstrates that you have done thorough research and properly cited your sources in accordance with academic conventions.

Read Also: Improve Your Writing: 7 Little Things that Make a Huge Difference in Writing

The appendix section of a term paper is typically used to include additional materials relevant to your research or the information presented in the paper but is optional to the main body of your term paper. Examples of materials that may be included in the appendix include raw data, survey instruments, and detailed descriptions of research methods.

The purpose of the appendix is to provide the reader with information that may be useful or informative. Still, it is optional for your term paper.

Types of Term Paper Formats

When writing a term paper, you can use different formatting styles depending on your subject, course, and the directives of your lecturers. Here are a few common formats:

The MLA format

MLA formatting refers to guidelines for structuring and formatting academic papers, as the Modern Language Association (MLA) outlined. These guidelines include rules for margins, font, line spacing, headers, page numbers, in-text citations, and works cited pages.

This format is commonly used in the humanities, such as literature, history, and the arts. It uses in-text citations, and a works cited page to list sources.

The APA format

The APA (American Psychological Association) formatting style is a set of guidelines for formatting academic papers, particularly in the social sciences. These guidelines include rules for font, spacing, margins, page numbering, and the organization of the paper.

They also provide rules for citing sources in the paper’s text and guidelines for creating a reference list at the end of the paper. The purpose of APA formatting is to make papers consistent and easy to read and to help readers locate the sources cited in the paper.

The Harvard format

The Harvard formatting style , also known as the Harvard referencing style, is a referencing style used in academic writing. It is commonly used in writing term papers associated with the social sciences and humanities. In the Harvard style, in-text citations include the author’s last name and the year of publication, and a list of references is included at the end of the paper.

The references in the list are arranged alphabetically by the author’s last name and include the author’s name, publication date, title, and publication information. The reference format can vary depending on the type of source (e.g., book, journal article, website). It is important to consult the guidelines for the assignment or publication for any variations on the standard format.

Read Also: How to Write Beutiful Essays The Stands You Out

The AMA format

The AMA (American Medical Association) formatting style is a referencing style used in the medical and scientific fields. It is commonly used in the publication of articles in medical journals. In AMA style, in-text citations include the author’s last name and the year of publication, and a list of references is included at the end of the paper.

The references in the list are arranged in order of their appearance in the text. The reference format can vary depending on the type of source (e.g., journal article, book, website), but it typically includes the author’s name, publication date, title, and publication information.

Writing a term paper is only difficult when you’re not guided. The ease of writing a great term paper lies in having access to the right knowledge and its application. Now, with the definition, components, types of formatting, and “how to” of a term paper, you should be able to write a term paper confidently and excellently.

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Nigeria Term Papers Samples For Students

9 samples of this type

During studying in college, you will certainly have to craft a lot of Term Papers on Nigeria. Lucky you if putting words together and organizing them into meaningful content comes easy to you; if it's not the case, you can save the day by finding a previously written Nigeria Term Paper example and using it as a template to follow.

This is when you will definitely find WowEssays' free samples directory extremely useful as it includes numerous professionally written works on most various Nigeria Term Papers topics. Ideally, you should be able to find a piece that meets your criteria and use it as a template to develop your own Term Paper. Alternatively, our expert essay writers can deliver you a unique Nigeria Term Paper model written from scratch according to your custom instructions.

Free Term Paper On Nigeria Nursing Homes Vs U.S. Nursing Home (How They Care For The Seniors

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Name Term Papers Example

‘instructor’s name’, how oil prices changed in the last 10 years term paper sample, b. isis and the united states term paper samples, youre name term papers example, pandemic plan, example of sociology of social change term paper, introduction.

Poverty is a major concern in the world today. It is said that about half of the world’s population is poor. There are many definitions of the world basing on the point of view. Humanitarian organizations and the United Nations define poverty as the condition where an individual cannot afford proper basic needs such as food, clothing and shelter. Other organizations go as far s quoting an amount, for example, a poor person is one whose total daily expenditure is below one U.S. dollar.

Term Paper on China And Africa

Africa is a continent with vast untapped and unexploited natural resources, and China due to its growing economy; has a demand for these resources. China has therefore helped Africa to re-establish it self as source of valuable commodities for the Global market and also assisted to put a focus on Africa’s politics and why it remains poor (Snow 1998, 64).

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Everything You Need to Know to Write an A+ Term Paper

Last Updated: March 4, 2024 Fact Checked

Sample Term Papers

Researching & outlining.

• Drafting Your Paper
• Revising Your Paper

Expert Q&A

This article was co-authored by Matthew Snipp, PhD and by wikiHow staff writer, Raven Minyard, BA . C. Matthew Snipp is the Burnet C. and Mildred Finley Wohlford Professor of Humanities and Sciences in the Department of Sociology at Stanford University. He is also the Director for the Institute for Research in the Social Science’s Secure Data Center. He has been a Research Fellow at the U.S. Bureau of the Census and a Fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences. He has published 3 books and over 70 articles and book chapters on demography, economic development, poverty and unemployment. He is also currently serving on the National Institute of Child Health and Development’s Population Science Subcommittee. He holds a Ph.D. in Sociology from the University of Wisconsin—Madison. There are 13 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. This article has been fact-checked, ensuring the accuracy of any cited facts and confirming the authority of its sources. This article has been viewed 2,240,430 times.

A term paper is a written assignment given to students at the end of a course to gauge their understanding of the material. Term papers typically count for a good percentage of your overall grade, so of course, you’ll want to write the best paper possible. Luckily, we’ve got you covered. In this article, we’ll teach you everything you need to know to write an A+ term paper, from researching and outlining to drafting and revising.

Quick Steps to Write a Term Paper

• Hook your readers with an interesting and informative intro paragraph. State your thesis and your main points.
• Support your thesis by providing quotes and evidence that back your claim in your body paragraphs.
• Summarize your main points and leave your readers with a thought-provoking question in your conclusion.

• Think of your term paper as the bridge between what you’ve learned in class and how you apply that knowledge to real-world topics.
• For example, a history term paper may require you to explore the consequences of a significant historical event, like the Civil War. An environmental science class, on the other hand, may have you examine the effects of climate change on a certain region.
• Your guidelines should tell you the paper’s word count and formatting style, like whether to use in-text citations or footnotes and whether to use single- or double-spacing. If these things aren’t specified, be sure to reach out to your instructor.

• Make sure your topic isn’t too broad. For example, if you want to write about Shakespeare’s work, first narrow it down to a specific play, like Macbeth , then choose something even more specific like Lady Macbeth’s role in the plot.
• If the topic is already chosen for you, explore unique angles that can set your content and information apart from the more obvious approaches many others will probably take. [3] X Research source
• Try not to have a specific outcome in mind, as this will close you off to new ideas and avenues of thinking. Rather than trying to mold your research to fit your desired outcome, allow the outcome to reflect a genuine analysis of the discoveries you made. Ask yourself questions throughout the process and be open to having your beliefs challenged.
• Reading other people's comments, opinions, and entries on a topic can often help you to refine your own, especially where they comment that "further research" is required or where they posit challenging questions but leave them unanswered.

• For example, if you’re writing a term paper about Macbeth , your primary source would be the play itself. Then, look for other research papers and analyses written by academics and scholars to understand how they interpret the text.

• For example, if you’re writing a paper about Lady Macbeth, your thesis could be something like “Shakespeare’s characterization of Lady Macbeth reveals how desire for power can control someone’s life.”
• Remember, your research and thesis development doesn’t stop here. As you continue working through both the research and writing, you may want to make changes that align with the ideas forming in your mind and the discoveries you continue to unearth.
• On the other hand, don’t keep looking for new ideas and angles for fear of feeling confined. At some point, you’re going to have to say enough is enough and make your point. You may have other opportunities to explore these questions in future studies, but for now, remember your term paper has a finite word length and an approaching due date!

• Abstract: An abstract is a concise summary of your paper that informs readers of your topic, its significance, and the key points you’ll explore. It must stand on its own and make sense without referencing outside sources or your actual paper.
• Introduction: The introduction establishes the main idea of your paper and directly states the thesis. Begin your introduction with an attention-grabbing sentence to intrigue your readers, and provide any necessary background information to establish your paper’s purpose and direction.
• Body paragraphs: Each body paragraph focuses on a different argument supporting your thesis. List specific evidence from your sources to back up your arguments. Provide detailed information about your topic to enhance your readers’ understanding. In your outline, write down the main ideas for each body paragraph and any outstanding questions or points you’re not yet sure about.
• Results: Depending on the type of term paper you’re writing, your results may be incorporated into your body paragraphs or conclusion. These are the insights that your research led you to. Here you can discuss how your perspective and understanding of your topic shifted throughout your writing process.
• Conclusion: Your conclusion summarizes your argument and findings. You may restate your thesis and major points as you wrap up your paper.

Drafting Your Term Paper

• Writing an introduction can be challenging, but don’t get too caught up on it. As you write the rest of your paper, your arguments might change and develop, so you’ll likely need to rewrite your intro at the end, anyway. Writing your intro is simply a means of getting started and you can always revise it later. [10] X Trustworthy Source PubMed Central Journal archive from the U.S. National Institutes of Health Go to source
• Be sure to define any words your readers might not understand. For example, words like “globalization” have many different meanings depending on context, and it’s important to state which ones you’ll be using as part of your introductory paragraph.

• Try to relate the subject of the essay (say, Plato’s Symposium ) to a tangentially related issue you happen to know something about (say, the growing trend of free-wheeling hookups in frat parties). Slowly bring the paragraph around to your actual subject and make a few generalizations about why this aspect of the book/subject is so fascinating and worthy of study (such as how different the expectations for physical intimacy were then compared to now).

• You can also reflect on your own experience of researching and writing your term paper. Discuss how your understanding of your topic evolved and any unexpected findings you came across.

• While peppering quotes throughout your text is a good way to help make your point, don’t overdo it. If you use too many quotes, you’re basically allowing other authors to make the point and write the paper for you. When you do use a quote, be sure to explain why it is relevant in your own words.
• Try to sort out your bibliography at the beginning of your writing process to avoid having a last-minute scramble. When you have all the information beforehand (like the source’s title, author, publication date, etc.), it’s easier to plug them into the correct format.

Revising & Finalizing Your Term Paper

• Trade in weak “to-be” verbs for stronger “action” verbs. For example: “I was writing my term paper” becomes “I wrote my term paper.”

• It’s extremely important to proofread your term paper. If your writing is full of mistakes, your instructor will assume you didn’t put much effort into your paper. If you have too many errors, your message will be lost in the confusion of trying to understand what you’ve written.

• If you add or change information to make things clearer for your readers, it’s a good idea to look over your paper one more time to catch any new typos that may have come up in the process.

• The best essays are like grass court tennis—the argument should flow in a "rally" style, building persuasively to the conclusion. Thanks Helpful 1 Not Helpful 0
• If you get stuck, consider giving your professor a visit. Whether you're still struggling for a thesis or you want to go over your conclusion, most instructors are delighted to help and they'll remember your initiative when grading time rolls around. Thanks Helpful 1 Not Helpful 1
• At least 2 hours for 3-5 pages.
• At least 4 hours for 8-10 pages.
• At least 6 hours for 12-15 pages.
• Double those hours if you haven't done any homework and you haven't attended class.
• For papers that are primarily research-based, add about two hours to those times (although you'll need to know how to research quickly and effectively, beyond the purview of this brief guide).

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• ↑ https://www.binghamton.edu/counseling/self-help/term-paper.html
• ↑ Matthew Snipp, PhD. Research Fellow, U.S. Bureau of the Census. Expert Interview. 26 March 2020.
• ↑ https://emory.libanswers.com/faq/44525
• ↑ https://writing.wisc.edu/handbook/assignments/planresearchpaper/
• ↑ https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/the_writing_process/thesis_statement_tips.html
• ↑ https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/outline
• ↑ https://gallaudet.edu/student-success/tutorial-center/english-center/writing/guide-to-writing-introductions-and-conclusions/
• ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26731827
• ↑ https://writing.wisc.edu/handbook/assignments/writing-an-abstract-for-your-research-paper/
• ↑ https://www.ivcc.edu/stylesite/Essay_Title.pdf
• ↑ https://www.uni-flensburg.de/fileadmin/content/institute/anglistik/dokumente/downloads/how-to-write-a-term-paper-daewes.pdf
• ↑ https://library.sacredheart.edu/c.php?g=29803&p=185937
• ↑ https://www.cornerstone.edu/blog-post/six-steps-to-really-edit-your-paper/

About This Article

If you need to write a term paper, choose your topic, then start researching that topic. Use your research to craft a thesis statement which states the main idea of your paper, then organize all of your facts into an outline that supports your thesis. Once you start writing, state your thesis in the first paragraph, then use the body of the paper to present the points that support your argument. End the paper with a strong conclusion that restates your thesis. For tips on improving your term paper through active voice, read on! Did this summary help you? Yes No

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How to write a term paper: a short guide

Writing a term paper is a nightmare for many students, but this should not be the case. With the right tutelage on how to write a term paper, you will definitely enjoy this task, and will soon be a pro at it.

The main goal of writing a term paper is the consolidation of the student knowledge gained in the course of the educational process on the subject. Thanks to this, it is easier for the teacher to check the quality of the experience gained by the student and the ability to apply this knowledge to solve professional problems.

How to write a term paper step by step

A term paper is a type of student`s work,which includes elements of independent scientific research. It develops students' skills such as choosing and clearly formulating a research topic, collecting suitable material, using scientific literature and sources, sorting and logical systematisation of the collected material, and writing a readable text in compliance with the generally accepted rules. Do you want to learn how to write a term paper? We have prepared for you 10 steps that will help you to do it perfectly.

This guide on how to write a report will make your paper perfect

1. Choose a topic

Try to think outside the box. If you have the opportunity to choose a by topic yourself, take advantage of this chance. Choose what is interesting to you, because then it will be easier to write. As soon as you decide which theme to choose, you need to make sure that it can be revealed, because usually the time and size of the work are limited. Try to narrow the topic so that it can be presented within the boundaries of a single paper.

If you have already been given a theme, start analysing the exceptional aspects that separate the essence and information from the most obvious approaches that others will use. The conclusion should have an innovative mindset to the question, reflecting its nature to intrigue the reader. Do not forget to come up with a catchy title for your work.

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2. Undertake your own study

It makes no sense to start writing before you do the research. You must understand the origin and essence of the topic, as well as establish what research is needed in this area. Of course, you will be tempted to express in other words what you already know well, but you should not do this. Otherwise, you will not get anything new from writing such work. Start your research with a passion for the unknown and an openness to learn, and be ready to find new ways to solve old problems.

During the analysis, use both primary sources (original texts, documents, judicial precedents, witness testimonies, experiments, etc.), and secondary sources (interpretations and explanations of the source). You can also discuss the topic with students who have a similar point of view and even find online discussions, but such sources of exchange of opinions are not entirely suitable for quoting.

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3. Specify the main idea

After you have done the research, go back to the chosen topic. At this point, it is vital to emphasise the only central thesis that you disclose, the opinion that you will defend in your work, as well as the content and conclusion that the reader will understand. Your argument is the basis of your work, an idea that you will defend in all chapters. If it is superficial, then the whole paper will seem tasteless. Build the thesis so that it confirms that your report is interesting to you, then the proof will not be so boring. If you are sure that your idea is expressed simply and clearly, start writing the first draft.

4. Write a work plan

Some people may skip this step and continue to write the paper. It is much better to have sketches in order to not go astray. The plan helps to keep the structure and certain frameworks to resort to them if you get confused in the middle of work. It also serves as the basis for your work, on which the location of parts depends. Some of the basic elements of a plan should include:

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• Introduction
• Descriptive or explanatory paragraphs.
• Analytical or argumentative paragraphs.
• Questions that you have not found the answers to and points about which you are not yet sure.
• Conclusion.

5. Express your point of view in the introduction

The introductory paragraph is difficult to write, but there is always a solution. This part of your work you will have to rewrite and correct. To write a great introduction, we offer the following:

• Catch the reader with a quote or question.
• Familiarise the reader with your topic, but make it laconic.
• Do not forget about a well-thought-out thesis.

6. Reassure the reader

Make sure each paragraph confirms your argument. If you are not sure that the section is written correctly, try to separate the first sentence from each paragraph. All of them should appear as a list of evidence confirming your thesis.

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7. The conclusion should be impressive

We bring to your attention the following points:

• Try to rephrase your thesis, because one crucial detail is always in the last paragraph.
• Summarise in the conclusion. It should make the reader think.

8. Use a particular style

Create the first page in the Modern Language Association referencing style (MLA) or the American Psychological Association (APA). References in the text will help you express your point of view, but do not overdo using too many other people's quotes, as this may give the impression that you cannot express your opinion in your own words.

9. Do not cut to the chase

The amount of text is of great importance in the term paper, so it will be better to start editing it. Have you built the sentences correctly? Check each one and decide if you can use fewer words, keeping the meaning.

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10. Peruse the paper

Literacy check is only the first step of proofreading your term paper! If you are inattentive to mistakes, there is a high probability that you did not try very hard when writing this work. For best results, ask a friend to check your paper for mistakes.

This term paper format is aimed at the development of skills related to the search and understanding of the information which goes beyond the scope of the list of established and compulsory literature. In the course of its performance, a student learns to analyse sources, correctly state the results obtained in studies.

Now you know how to write a term paper. Remember that it is a complex independent project where you solve educational and research tasks of a creative nature. Therefore, the material for it is not copied from the internet, but is passed through the prism of selfhood and is written only by you.

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Adrianna Simwa (Lifestyle writer) Adrianna Simwa is a content writer at Legit.ng where she has worked since mid-2022. She has written for many periodicals on a variety of subjects, including news, celebrities, and lifestyle, for more than three years. She has worked for The Hoth, The Standard Group and Triple P Media. Adrianna graduated from Nairobi University with a Bachelor of Fine Arts (BFA) in 2020. In 2023, Simwa finished the AFP course on Digital Investigation Techniques. You can reach her through her email: [email protected]

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Home » Blog » How To Write A Term Paper In Hassle-Free Steps In Nigeria

How To Write A Term Paper In Hassle-Free Steps In Nigeria

Writing a term paper is an important part of college life. I recall writing hundreds of term papers as a continuous assessment in college, an indication that no college student can complete the year of his study without writing a term paper.

Term paper involves is research work which is aimed at helping students discover new facts or test new ideas. Prepare your mind as you gain admission to embark on this journey that every Nigerian student has no hope of shying away from.

In writing a term paper, three or more topics are usually presented to students; the student chooses which topic he finds interesting enough to write about. Note that copy and pasting is a total defeat to the main aim of writing a term paper, so be sure you read through to learn.

How To Write A Term Paper

• Choose a topic from the options presented that interest you the most and work on it.
• Be sure you have a fundamental knowledge of the topic you’ve chosen.
• Search for materials on that topic. You could Google it, hit the library, or search your texts.
• Have a plan B or a second topic you could swipe to in case the first lacks adequate materials or the materials are inaccessible.
• Consider the time frame, if it’s something you can work with before the deadline. In fact, you should think about the time before choosing a topic.

There are stages in term paper writing you mustn’t fail to include, there are;

• The Title Page
• The Preliminary Pages
• The Main Text
• Bibliography

THE TITLE PAGE

This should only cover your name, Registration number, department, course you are writing the term paper about, topic, and your lecturer’s name.

THE PRELIMINARY PAGES

The preliminary pages must follow the format below;

• Acknowledgments
• Table of contents

THE MAIN TEXT

In the main text, you could make research on the topic or text according to its chapters. This should include;

• Introduction
• Definition of terms
• You can go further to the main point and unveil your discoveries.
• Solution (if any)

BIBLIOGRAPHY

This part should include;

• References/Bibliography

Be sure to make your term paper as original as possible, your originality could earn you more marks. It should be noted that submission of plagiarized work is considered an offense but there are few things to avoid plagiarism.

Also, ensure to place quotation signs in the words or sentences that you extract from the text of other authors, and use a footnote, end-note, or in-line citation to give credit to the original source.

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Home » Term Paper – Format, Examples and Writing Guide

Term Paper – Format, Examples and Writing Guide

Table of Contents

Definition:

Term paper is a type of academic writing assignment that is typically assigned to students at the end of a semester or term. It is usually a research-based paper that is meant to demonstrate the student’s understanding of a particular topic, as well as their ability to analyze and synthesize information from various sources.

Term papers are usually longer than other types of academic writing assignments and can range anywhere from 5 to 20 pages or more, depending on the level of study and the specific requirements of the assignment. They often require extensive research and the use of a variety of sources, including books, articles, and other academic publications.

Term Paper Format

The format of a term paper may vary depending on the specific requirements of your professor or institution. However, a typical term paper usually consists of the following sections:

• Title page: This should include the title of your paper, your name, the course name and number, your instructor’s name, and the date.
• Abstract : This is a brief summary of your paper, usually no more than 250 words. It should provide an overview of your topic, the research question or hypothesis, your methodology, and your main findings or conclusions.
• Introduction : This section should introduce your topic and provide background information on the subject. You should also state your research question or hypothesis and explain the importance of your research.
• Literature review : This section should review the existing literature on your topic. You should summarize the key findings and arguments made by other scholars and identify any gaps in the literature that your research aims to address.
• Methodology: This section should describe the methods you used to collect and analyze your data. You should explain your research design, sampling strategy, data collection methods, and data analysis techniques.
• Results : This section should present your findings. You can use tables, graphs, and charts to illustrate your data.
• Discussion : This section should interpret your findings and explain what they mean in relation to your research question or hypothesis. You should also discuss any limitations of your study and suggest areas for future research.
• Conclusion : This section should summarize your main findings and conclusions. You should also restate the importance of your research and its implications for the field.
• References : This section should list all the sources you cited in your paper using a specific citation style (e.g., APA, MLA, Chicago).
• Appendices : This section should include any additional materials that are relevant to your study but not essential to your main argument (e.g., survey questions, interview transcripts).

Structure of Term Paper

Here’s an example structure for a term paper:

I. Introduction

A. Background information on the topic

B. Thesis statement

II. Literature Review

A. Overview of current literature on the topic

B. Discussion of key themes and findings from literature

C. Identification of gaps in current literature

III. Methodology

A. Description of research design

B. Discussion of data collection methods

C. Explanation of data analysis techniques

IV. Results

A. Presentation of findings

B. Analysis and interpretation of results

C. Comparison of results with previous studies

V. Discussion

A. Summary of key findings

B. Explanation of how results address the research questions

C. Implications of results for the field

VI. Conclusion

A. Recap of key points

B. Significance of findings

C. Future directions for research

VII. References

A. List of sources cited in the paper

How to Write Term Paper

Here are some steps to help you write a term paper:

• Choose a topic: Choose a topic that interests you and is relevant to your course. If your professor has assigned a topic, make sure you understand it and clarify any doubts before you start.
• Research : Conduct research on your topic by gathering information from various sources such as books, academic journals, and online resources. Take notes and organize your information systematically.
• Create an outline : Create an outline of your term paper by arranging your ideas and information in a logical sequence. Your outline should include an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion.
• Write a thesis statement: Write a clear and concise thesis statement that states the main idea of your paper. Your thesis statement should be included in your introduction.
• Write the introduction: The introduction should grab the reader’s attention, provide background information on your topic, and introduce your thesis statement.
• Write the body : The body of your paper should provide supporting evidence for your thesis statement. Use your research to provide details and examples to support your argument. Make sure to organize your ideas logically and use transition words to connect paragraphs.
• Write the conclusion : The conclusion should summarize your main points and restate your thesis statement. Avoid introducing new information in the conclusion.
• Edit and proofread: Edit and proofread your term paper carefully to ensure that it is free of errors and flows smoothly. Check for grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.
• Format and cite your sources: Follow the formatting guidelines provided by your professor and cite your sources properly using the appropriate citation style.
• Submit your paper : Submit your paper on time and according to the instructions provided by your professor.

Term Paper Example

Here’s an example of a term paper:

Title : The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity

As the world becomes more digitally interconnected, cybersecurity threats are increasing in frequency and sophistication. Traditional security measures are no longer enough to protect against these threats. This paper explores the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in cybersecurity, including how AI can be used to detect and respond to threats in real-time, the challenges of implementing AI in cybersecurity, and the potential ethical implications of AI-powered security systems. The paper concludes with recommendations for organizations looking to integrate AI into their cybersecurity strategies.

Introduction :

The increasing number of cybersecurity threats in recent years has led to a growing interest in the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to improve cybersecurity. AI has the ability to analyze vast amounts of data and identify patterns and anomalies that may indicate a security breach. Additionally, AI can automate responses to threats, allowing for faster and more effective mitigation of security incidents. However, there are also challenges associated with implementing AI in cybersecurity, such as the need for large amounts of high-quality data, the potential for AI systems to make mistakes, and the ethical considerations surrounding the use of AI in security.

Literature Review:

This section of the paper reviews existing research on the use of AI in cybersecurity. It begins by discussing the types of AI techniques used in cybersecurity, including machine learning, natural language processing, and neural networks. The literature review then explores the advantages of using AI in cybersecurity, such as its ability to detect previously unknown threats and its potential to reduce the workload of security analysts. However, the review also highlights some of the challenges associated with implementing AI in cybersecurity, such as the need for high-quality training data and the potential for AI systems to be fooled by sophisticated attacks.

Methodology :

To better understand the challenges and opportunities associated with using AI in cybersecurity, this paper conducted a survey of cybersecurity professionals working in a variety of industries. The survey included questions about the types of AI techniques used in their organizations, the challenges they faced when implementing AI in cybersecurity, and their perceptions of the ethical implications of using AI in security.

The results of the survey showed that while many organizations are interested in using AI in cybersecurity, they face several challenges when implementing these systems. These challenges include the need for high-quality training data, the potential for AI systems to be fooled by sophisticated attacks, and the difficulty of integrating AI with existing security systems. Additionally, many respondents expressed concerns about the ethical implications of using AI in security, such as the potential for AI to be biased or to make decisions that are harmful to individuals or society as a whole.

Discussion :

Based on the results of the survey and the existing literature, this paper discusses the potential benefits and risks of using AI in cybersecurity. It also provides recommendations for organizations looking to integrate AI into their security strategies, such as the need to prioritize data quality and to ensure that AI systems are transparent and accountable.

Conclusion :

While there are challenges associated with implementing AI in cybersecurity, the potential benefits of using these systems are significant. AI can help organizations detect and respond to threats more quickly and effectively, reducing the risk of security breaches. However, it is important for organizations to be aware of the potential ethical implications of using AI in security and to take steps to ensure that these systems are transparent and accountable.

References:

• Alkhaldi, S., Al-Daraiseh, A., & Lutfiyya, H. (2019). A Survey on Artificial Intelligence Techniques in Cyber Security. Journal of Information Security, 10(03), 191-207.
• Gartner. (2019). Gartner Top 10 Strategic Technology Trends for 2020. Retrieved from https://www.gartner.com/smarterwithgartner/gartner-top-10-strategic-technology-trends-for-2020/
• Kshetri, N. (2018). Blockchain’s roles in meeting key supply chain management objectives. International Journal of Information Management, 39, 80-89.
• Lipton, Z. C. (2018). The mythos of model interpretability. arXiv preprint arXiv:1606.03490.
• Schneier, B. (2019). Click Here to Kill Everybody: Security and Survival in a Hyper-Connected World. WW Norton & Company.
• Wahab, M. A., Rahman, M. S., & Islam, M. R. (2020). A Survey on AI Techniques in Cybersecurity. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 11(2), 22-27.

When to Write Term Paper

A term paper is usually a lengthy research paper that is assigned to students at the end of a term or semester. There are several situations when writing a term paper may be required, including:

• As a course requirement: In most cases, a term paper is required as part of the coursework for a particular course. It may be assigned by the instructor as a way of assessing the student’s understanding of the course material.
• To explore a specific topic : A term paper can be an excellent opportunity for students to explore a specific topic of interest in-depth. It allows them to conduct extensive research on the topic and develop their understanding of it.
• To develop critical thinking skills : Writing a term paper requires students to engage in critical thinking and analysis. It helps them to develop their ability to evaluate and interpret information, as well as to present their ideas in a clear and coherent manner.
• To prepare for future academic or professional pursuits: Writing a term paper can be an excellent way for students to prepare for future academic or professional pursuits. It can help them to develop the research and writing skills necessary for success in higher education or in a professional career.

Purpose of Term Paper

The main purposes of a term paper are:

• Demonstrate mastery of a subject: A term paper provides an opportunity for students to showcase their knowledge and understanding of a particular subject. It requires students to research and analyze the topic, and then present their findings in a clear and organized manner.
• Develop critical thinking skills: Writing a term paper requires students to think critically about their subject matter, analyzing various sources and viewpoints, and evaluating evidence to support their arguments.
• Improve writing skills : Writing a term paper helps students improve their writing skills, including organization, clarity, and coherence. It also requires them to follow specific formatting and citation guidelines, which can be valuable skills for future academic and professional endeavors.
• Contribute to academic discourse : A well-written term paper can contribute to academic discourse by presenting new insights, ideas, and arguments that add to the existing body of knowledge on a particular topic.
• Prepare for future research : Writing a term paper can help prepare students for future research, by teaching them how to conduct a literature review, evaluate sources, and formulate research questions and hypotheses. It can also help them develop research skills that they can apply in future academic or professional endeavors.

Advantages of Term Paper

There are several advantages of writing a term paper, including:

• In-depth exploration: Writing a term paper allows you to delve deeper into a specific topic, allowing you to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the subject matter.
• Improved writing skills: Writing a term paper involves extensive research, critical thinking, and the organization of ideas into a cohesive written document. As a result, writing a term paper can improve your writing skills significantly.
• Demonstration of knowledge: A well-written term paper demonstrates your knowledge and understanding of the subject matter, which can be beneficial for academic or professional purposes.
• Development of research skills : Writing a term paper requires conducting thorough research, analyzing data, and synthesizing information from various sources. This process can help you develop essential research skills that can be applied in many other areas.
• Enhancement of critical thinking : Writing a term paper encourages you to think critically, evaluate information, and develop well-supported arguments. These skills can be useful in many areas of life, including personal and professional decision-making.
• Preparation for further academic work : Writing a term paper is excellent preparation for more extensive academic projects, such as a thesis or dissertation.

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Term Paper Writing- Meaning, Format, Components, and 5 steps to writing an excellent Term Paper

Term Paper Meaning

Content Outline

The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines a term paper writing as a major written assignment in a school or college course representative of a student’s achievement during a term or semester. In other words, a term paper is a form of academic writing written solely by students.

It contains the bulk part of their grades for the term or semester and is aimed at depicting or describing a particular or designated subject matter. Subject matter in this context could refer to an argument, event, concept, or theory.

Importance of a Term Paper

The importance of a term paper in academia includes the following:

• It serves as a method of boosting the logical thinking of students. This is so because they tend to think and evaluate attributes from different angles while writing a term paper.
• It is a means or method of boosting the student’s writing skills.
• It serves as a source of motivation for students. This is so because students are well aware of this particular paper’s academic or grading importance, and thus, they as much as possible to write it correctly to maintain or secure good grades.
• Similarly and based on the previously stated point, research has proved that students tend to take career paths based on what they write in school.
• It serves as a means of giving students more insight into different subject matters.

What are the Components of a Term Paper?

A well-structured term paper ought to consist of the following elements or components:

• Acknowledgement
• Table of contents
• List of figures/tables

Introduction

Literature Review

Research Methodology

Works Cited

            This is the first part or section of any term paper. It ought to consist of the following elements:

• The name of the writer.
• The name of the teacher or lecturer of the subject.
• The discipline of the writer.
• The date of submission.

Acknowledgements

The aim of this second part or section of the term paper is to show appreciation to all the people who, at one point in time or another, contributed to the writings or research of the term paper.

Table of Contents

A table of contents contains a comprehensive compilation of all the contents used during the term paper. The term ‘contents’ in this context refers to the headings and subheadings used during the term paper.

List of Tables/Figures

This refers to compiling all the tables or figures used in the term paper. It is situated or placed directly after the table of contents in the term paper.

An abstract is the summary of the contents of a book, article, speech or any other form of formal writing. Hence the aim of an abstract in a term paper is to contain a concise summary of the details or information in the academic piece.

The aim of the introductory section is also to contain a summary and brief overview of the term paper. However, unlike an abstract, it covers a more significant and in-depth ground than the abstract. Examples of elements which ought to be included in the introductory part of the term paper include:

• A brief overview of the subject matter will be discussed and examined better in the term paper.
• The reasons why such subject matter was chosen.
• The methods which can be employed to evaluate or examine the subject matter.
• The expected results will emerge from the evaluation of the subject matter.

The introductory part of a term paper is its most important section, which should be treated as one. This is so because it gives the readers or examiners a first impression of the term paper; depending on how it was written, it could either be good or bad.

The literature review section in the term paper is where the real work begins. It ought to consist of the following elements:

• The problem which has emerged(if any) as a result of the subject matter or topic under discussion.
• The aims and objectives of the subject matter which is being discussed in the term paper.
• The limitations of the study (i.e. areas about the subject matter which the study will not cover)
• A review of studies which have already been conducted regarding the topic of study and the results obtained from these studies.

This is another essential section of the term paper; it ought to consist of the following elements:

• Complete information regarding the modes or methods of research which can be employed to evaluate the subject matter or topic of study.
• The selection of a particular research method can be considered the ideal one for the research.
• The expected results ought to emerge from using such a research method .

This section explains in detail the results that emerged as a result of the evaluation of the subject matter or topic of study. Similarly, it can also contain elements like:

• Whether or not this hypothesis or result is realistic or not.
• The influence that such results have or will have on society or the world.
• Recommendations regarding methods in which such results can be adapted or used to solve a designated goal.

This section can be referred to as a reference list or a bibliography . This section aims to provide in detail the works or books used during the research as well as the names of their authors. This particular section is mandatory in every form of academic writing because it serves as a means of avoiding plagiarism. The modes or methods in which the works cited can be written in a term paper tends to vary depending on the nature of study and discipline of the student.

5 steps to writing an excellent Term Paper

It is common for undergraduates, masters or PhD students to be given a term paper assignment by a professor or asked to develop a topic to work on. Term paper constitutes a large part of your course grade, meaning it is crucial. You may be asked to argue a point or describe an event or a concept. These steps below will help you:

• Get a topic

Sometimes you may not be given a topic to work on; you would have to choose a topic based on your interest, available resources or the amount of time you have been given to work on the paper.

• Research your chosen topic

Now that you have picked a topic to work on, the next thing you would do is to explore all available materials. You could start by checking your school library for scholarly articles on your topic of interest. The web is the most helpful place to get relevant resources. Read term papers that align with what you are working on and observe the citation style format; it would usually be the title, author, publication, publisher, place of publication, publisher, date and page number. If you are working on a common topic or feel people might know about it, go ahead and talk to them.

• Organize your term paper as follows -format/outline of a term paper:
• Abstract (If required)

Ensure you know the number of words you are required to write so you do not exceed the limit. Ensure your cover page has your name, the name of your school and lecturer and the title of your term paper, semester, year and level. Your introduction must contain your topic sentence and supporting details about what you are arguing for. The body of your paper may have subchapters where you will discuss your point or provide answers/evidence to questions you have raised.

• Write your draft

Arrange the information you have gathered in the manner of your outline. Make sure you verify statistics if you are to use one and be confident of the accuracy and relevancy of your information. After doing this, begin writing but make sure your ideas are related and pay attention to your grammar and vocabulary. When you are done with your first draft, re-write and ensure your sentences flow logically- are coherent.

• Edit your final draft

This is an essential part of your writing. Look at the paragraphs and ask yourself if each line communicates your idea. Are your thoughts closely linked to one another? Can your reader grasp the meaning of your sentence without misinterpreting it? What about your spelling and vocabulary? A helpful tip will be reading out aloud. Also, check for punctuation errors and your ability to use transitional devices; I would advise that you use a grammar checker ; there are hundreds of them online that you can use to edit your work.

Do you have an idea to add? Please use the comment section and we MAY use your suggestion to update the content.

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A Term Paper on GLOBALIZATION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA By UMAR AHMAD ABDULLAHI (20124091

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South South Journal of Humanities and International Studies

Ndubuisi Uchechukwu

Over the past decades, the economies of the world have become greatly connected through globalization and international trade remains a dimension of this. Nigeria is not an exception, thus the trade relations between Nigeria and other countries have grown in recent years. Trade openness promoted by the globalization process has emasculated the Nigeria economy considering the consumption outlook of Nigerian economy. Despite the opportunities inherent in the globalization process, especially as it pertains to international trade; most policy makers and analysts in the developing countries of the world have continuously argued that international trade within the arrangement of the globalised system has remained beneficial to the Capitalist West and emerging economic powers while the developing countries of the world have been on the losing side. There is still lacking tangible benefits to most developing countries like Nigeria from opening their economies even within the euphoria of claims of export and income gains. Utilizing the secondary sources of data, content analysis and the Marxist Political Economy Approach, the paper examines globalization and Nigeria's trade development, its prospects and problems. The paper concluded that international trade within the arrangement of the globalised system has remained to the benefit of the Capitalist West and emerging economic powers while the developing countries of the world like Nigeria have been on the losing side, thus there is need industrialization and production driven economy rather than raw material cum crude centred economy.

Olubukola J A C O B OLADIPO

This study evaluated the impacts of trade openness on economic growth in Nigeria using relevant data from publications of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletins and National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). The data covered a 40-year period between 1971 and 2010. Multiple regression analysis technique (Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method) was used to analyze the relationship between the dependent variable (Gross Domestic Product) and independent variables (FDI, external debt, degree of openness, export and import). The coefficient of determination (R 2) to the tune of 86.3% (approximately 86%) was supported by high value of adjusted R 2 which stood at 0.8381 (83.8%) connoting that the independent variables incorporated into this model have been able to determine variation of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) to the tune 83.8%. Also, F probability statistics also confirmed the significance of the model. Likewise, findings to establish a long run association between dependent and independent variables indicated that trade openness had positive impact on Gross Domestic Products in the long run where the coefficient of multiple determinations (R 2) of 0.9290 or 93 percent variation in the observed behaviour in the GDP is jointly explained by the independent variables. In view of these, all the components of international trade forming independent variables of the study should be accurately managed so that their importance could be continually felt in the Nigerian Gross Domestic Product positively.

Maimuna Y Muhammad

There has been a long held belief that there is a positive relationship between economic growth and increased levels of international trade. Therefore, this paper has empirically examined the impact of international trade on economic growth in Nigeria for the period 1981 to 2012. Using degree of openness to proxy international trade, the ordinary least squares technique was employed to estimate the impact of international trade on Gross Domestic Product. The broad objective of this paper is to analyze the impact of international trade on economic growth in Nigeria based on time series data on variables considered relevant indicators of economic growth and international trade. The analysis was based on data extracted from World Bank data and Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin. The result of the analysis shows that all the variables except interest rate were statistically significant. Therefore, the study recommends that policy makers should adopt policies on trade liberalization such as reduction of non-tariff barriers, reducing tariffs, reducing or eliminating quotas that will enable the economy to grow at spectacular rates. And thus this study supports the proposition that degree of openness has direct robust relationship with economic growth since the proxy variable is positive and statistically significant in the model.

VICTORIA ISERE , Obasanmi Jude

This study examined the impact intra-African trade openness has had on Nigeria's economic growth over the period 1990 to 2018 prior to implementing the AfCFTA agreement in Nigeria so as to reveal the benefits if any from intra-African trade. Real GDP is used as a proxy for economic growth and it is regressed against intra-African imports, intra-African exports, unemployment and openness by VECM technique. Intra-African imports and exports had a significant but negative impact on Nigeria's economic growth in the long run. For instance, a 1% increase in imports and exports resulted in 31.4% and 51.02% decrease in GDP respectively in the long run. However, a 1% change in openness caused a 72.6% increase in GDP. The study recommended an increase in Nigeria's intra-African trade if at all and to practice openness especially to help conserve foreign exchange. The Nigeria first mindset (meaning openness which hurts Nigeria must be avoided) must be adopted.

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Essay Paper on Nigeria

Nigeria consists of a fascinating collection of different peoples, cultures, histories and religions which have unfortunately never been united at any period in the past but today, gradually through democracy, it is trying to find a sense of nationhood out of the rivalries and bloodshed which bedeviled the country for years after independence. They are struggling to be democratic but are not quite there yet. The demographics and pre-colonial traditions of Nigerians were very different.

Their ruler ruled them based on the Islamic law therefore there where no limits on his power. But they were the only group with this kind of religious and political system. There were two prominent groups in the South namely the Yoruba’s and Igbo’s. The Yoruba’s inhabited the forest region and formed several kingdoms. They had village councils which voted chiefs thus limiting the chiefs authority by the councils checks. The Igbo had small organized village structures. They where very independent people so had much freedom. The village governments therefore had less power. Both of these groups worshipped their ancestors so where very different from North in terms of Religion.

In 1966, a revolution led by Major Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu, took over the government killing the Northern Premier Alhaji Ahmadu Bello, Western Premier S. L. Akintola and the Federal Prime minister Alhaju Abubkar Tafawa Balewa. After much struggle, Lt. Col. Yakubu Gowon became dictator. However, in 1967, Col. Odumegwu Ojukwu withdrew the eastern region of Nigeria from Nigeria, and declared it the independent republic of Biafra, and war breaks out again. From 1968 to 1970, the Federal government of Nigeria reclaimed the Biafran territory, and Col. Odemengwu Ojukwu fled the country. For about five years, peace settled on Nigeria.

Then in 1975, leader Yakubu Gowon was overthrown in a bloodless coup. A coup is a sudden appropriation of leadership or power. Brig. Murtala Ramat Muhammed takes his place of supreme leadership. Shortly afterwards, the country’s capitol is relocated to Abuja, and the country is divided into 19 states. That same year, Muhammed was assassinated in another coup, which involved former dictator Yakubu Gowon. However, a new leader Lt. Gen. Olusegun Obasanjo is put into position. In 1978, a new constitution is adopted by the then military government.

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